CN117177376B

CN117177376B - Multi-cell cooperative scheduling method, equipment and medium considering backhaul delay

Info

Publication number: CN117177376B
Application number: CN202311212825.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卜铃铃; 邓磊
Original assignee: Shenzhen University
Current assignee: Shenzhen University
Priority date: 2023-09-19
Filing date: 2023-09-19
Publication date: 2024-04-16
Anticipated expiration: 2043-09-19
Also published as: CN117177376A

Abstract

The disclosure describes a multi-cell coordinated scheduling method, device and medium considering backhaul delay, the method comprising receiving first channel state information of communication nodes from a plurality of cells in a communication system, predicting second channel state information based on the first channel state information, selecting a target terminal device set of multiplexing target frequency resource blocks from terminal devices based on the second channel state information, determining first control information based on the second channel state information, the first control information being used for beamforming terminal devices in the target terminal device set, determining second control information based on the first channel state information and the first control information, the second control information being information of multiplexing target frequency resource blocks, and transmitting the first control information and the second control information to communication nodes corresponding to at least one terminal device in the target terminal device set to schedule and beamform the terminal devices. According to the present disclosure, the impact of backhaul delay on communication system performance can be mitigated.

Description

Multi-cell cooperative scheduling method, equipment and medium considering backhaul delay

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates generally to the field of mobile data communication services, and in particular, to a multi-cell coordinated scheduling method, apparatus, and medium that take backhaul delay into account.

Background

Mobile data communication has a wide range of applications in modern society, including mobile telephone communication, mobile internet, etc. With the development of the informatization of society, the number of terminal devices and the data amount in a communication system are greatly increased. New generation communication systems require higher throughput to meet the ever-increasing traffic demands.

CoMP (Coordinated Multi-point transmission ) is a scheme for solving interference and resource management in mobile data communication. The CoMP scheme can reduce interference and improve performance and coverage of a communication system by technical means such as coordination and beamforming among communication nodes. The CS/CB (Coordinated Scheduling/Coordinated Beamforming), coordinated scheduling/coordinated beamforming, scheme is one of CoMP schemes. The CS/CB scheme can dynamically adjust the strategy of scheduling and beamforming according to the position of the terminal equipment and the channel condition, thereby reducing interference and improving the performance of the communication system.

However, the backhaul link of the communication system is generally non-ideal, that is, there is a backhaul delay in the backhaul link, and the backhaul delay often affects the effect of the CS/CB scheme, which results in a performance degradation of the communication system.

Disclosure of Invention

The present disclosure has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a multi-cell cooperative scheduling method, apparatus, and medium in which the influence of backhaul delay on the performance of a communication system can be reduced.

To this end, a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a multi-cell co-scheduling method taking backhaul delay into account, which is a multi-cell co-scheduling method applied to a central controller of a communication system including a terminal device, a communication node, and the central controller, including receiving first channel state information of the communication node from a plurality of cells, the first channel state information being used to characterize a channel state of a first time instant of a channel between the communication node and the terminal device, the first time instant being a time instant at which the first channel state information is generated; predicting second channel state information based on the first channel state information, the second channel state information being used to characterize a channel state of the channel at a second time instant, the second time instant being later than the first time instant and related to the backhaul delay corresponding to the channel; selecting a target terminal equipment set of multiplexing target frequency resource blocks from the terminal equipment communicated with the communication nodes of the cells based on the second channel state information, wherein the terminal equipment in the target terminal equipment set is positioned in different cells; determining first control information of the target terminal equipment set based on the second channel state information, wherein the first control information is used for carrying out beam forming on terminal equipment in the target terminal equipment set; determining second control information of the target terminal equipment set based on the first channel state information and the first control information, wherein the second control information is information of multiplexing the target frequency resource block for terminal equipment in the target terminal equipment set; and transmitting the first control information and the second control information to the communication node corresponding to at least one terminal device in the target terminal device set to schedule and beam-form the at least one terminal device in the target terminal device set.

In a first aspect of the present disclosure, terminal devices in a communication system that need to communicate are scheduled and beamformed using predicted second channel state information. In this case, by performing scheduling and beamforming using the predicted second channel state information, the influence of the expiration of the first channel state information caused by the backhaul delay on the scheduling and beamforming can be reduced (i.e., the influence of the backhaul delay on the performance of the communication system can be reduced), and the performance (e.g., throughput) of the communication system can be improved.

In addition, in the multi-cell coordinated scheduling method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, optionally, a delay time of the backhaul delay corresponding to the channel is obtained; determining a first time range based on the time range of the terminal equipment for transmitting the target data; determining a second time range based on the first time range and the delay time; and determining the second time based on the second time range. In this case, by determining the second time range based on the time range and the delay time of the transmission target data of the terminal device, the second time can be made closer to the time at which the terminal device is scheduled and beamformed, and the accuracy of the second channel state information can be improved. In addition, when the second channel state information of a plurality of different second moments is determined through the second time range, the terminal equipment can be dynamically scheduled and beamformed by utilizing the second channel state information, and the communication system can be adapted to the change of the channel state, so that the performance of the communication system is improved.

In addition, in the multi-cell co-scheduling method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, optionally, the second channel state information is predicted based on the first channel state information and using a prediction model; the predictive model includes a differentially integrated moving average autoregressive model. In this case, the second channel state information is predicted by the differential integration moving average autoregressive model, so that the accuracy of the second channel state information can be improved while the calculation amount is reduced.

In addition, in the multi-cell cooperative scheduling method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, optionally, selecting, based on a scheduling algorithm, a first device that multiplexes the target frequency resource blocks; calculating a first channel direction difference based on a channel of the first device and a channel of the terminal device not in the same cell as the first device in response to the terminal device not in the same cell as the first device being present, and selecting a second device multiplexing the target frequency resource block based on the first channel direction difference; calculating a second channel direction difference based on a channel of the first device, a channel of the second device, and a channel of the terminal device not in the same cell as the first device and the second device in response to the terminal device not in the same cell as the first device and the second device being present, and selecting a third device multiplexing the target frequency resource block based on the second channel direction difference; and determining the set of target terminal devices based on the first device, the second device, and the third device, wherein the first channel direction difference and the second channel direction difference are related to a degree of orthogonality between at least two of the channels. In this case, by determining the terminal devices in the target terminal device set by calculating the first channel direction difference and the second channel direction difference related to the degree of orthogonality, interference between the terminal devices in the target terminal device set can be reduced.

In addition, in the multi-cell cooperative scheduling method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, optionally, a maximum power allocation manner of the terminal device is determined, where the maximum power allocation manner is that a maximum power of the terminal device located at a cell edge is twice a maximum power of the terminal device located at a cell center or the maximum power allocation manner is that a maximum power of all the terminal devices multiplexing the target frequency resource block is the same; determining the maximum power of the terminal equipment based on the maximum power distribution mode and the preset maximum power of the target frequency resource block; determining an instantaneous transmission rate corresponding to the terminal equipment based on the second channel state information and the maximum power of the terminal equipment; determining the priority corresponding to the terminal equipment based on the instantaneous transmission rate; and selecting one terminal device from the terminal devices communicating with the communication nodes of the plurality of cells as a first terminal device in the target terminal device set based on the priority. In this case, by determining the priority corresponding to the terminal device based on the instantaneous transmission rate, it is possible to consider both throughput and fairness of the communication system, and it is possible to facilitate the terminal device with high priority to be scheduled preferentially. In addition, the maximum power of the terminal equipment positioned at the cell edge is twice the maximum power of the terminal equipment positioned at the cell center, so that the interference of the terminal equipment positioned at the cell center to the terminal equipment positioned at the cell edge can be reduced, and the strength of a useful signal of the terminal equipment positioned at the cell edge can be increased, thereby improving the throughput of the terminal equipment positioned at the cell edge. In addition, the maximum power of all the terminal devices multiplexing the target frequency resource block is made the same, so that the fairness of the power resource allocation mode can be improved.

In addition, in the multi-cell cooperative scheduling method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, optionally, a signal to interference plus noise ratio of each terminal device in the target terminal device set is determined based on the second channel state information; determining a second constraint and a third constraint based on a first constraint determined by the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of each terminal device in the target terminal device set and the maximum power of each terminal device in the target terminal device set, and acquiring at least one beamforming vector of the target terminal device set, wherein the third constraint is a limited buffer constraint; and determining the first control information based on the at least one beamforming vector. In this case, at least one beamforming vector is calculated by determining the first constraint, the second constraint and the third constraint, so that the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, the maximum power and the transmitted data amount of the terminal device can be considered at the same time, the limitation requirement of the actual communication scene can also be considered, and the applicability of the beamforming vector can be improved.

In addition, in the multi-cell coordinated scheduling method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, optionally, at least one maximum transmission rate of each terminal device in the target terminal device set is obtained based on the first channel state information and the first control information; acquiring at least one throughput of the target frequency resource block based on the data amount of target data transmitted by each terminal device in the target terminal device set and the at least one maximum transmission rate; selecting a frequency multiplexing mode corresponding to the throughput of the largest target frequency resource block as the multiplexing mode of the target frequency resource block; and determining the second control information based on the multiplexing manner. In this case, the throughput of the communication system can be improved by selecting the frequency reuse pattern corresponding to the throughput of the largest target frequency resource block as the reuse pattern of the target frequency resource block.

In addition, in the multi-cell cooperative scheduling method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, optionally, a communication link between the communication node and the terminal device is a wireless link; the communication link between the communication node and the central controller is a wired link. In this case, in a communication system in which the communication link between the communication node and the terminal device is a wireless link and the communication link between the communication node and the central controller is a wired link, the transmission speed of signals can be increased by performing communication via the wired link, and the time of the backhaul delay can be reduced, so that the influence of the backhaul delay on the performance of the communication system can be reduced.

A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a communication device including a processor and a memory, the processor executing a program stored in the memory to implement the multi-cell co-scheduling method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure.

A third aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer readable storage medium storing at least one instruction which, when executed by a processor, implements the multi-cell co-scheduling method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure.

According to the present disclosure, a multi-cell cooperative scheduling method, apparatus and medium considering backhaul delay, which mitigate the influence of backhaul delay on the performance of a communication system, can be provided.

Drawings

The present disclosure will now be explained in further detail by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a multi-cell cooperative scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a multi-cell co-scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a target terminal device set selecting a multiplexing target frequency resource block in a multi-cell co-scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a first terminal device in a selection target terminal device set in a multi-cell co-scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating determination of first control information in a multi-cell co-scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating determination of second control information in a multi-cell co-scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing embodiment 1 of a multi-cell cooperative scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Fig. 8 is a flowchart showing embodiment 2 of a multi-cell cooperative scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Fig. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a simulation experiment of a multi-cell co-scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Fig. 10A is an experimental data result diagram showing the effect of time of backhaul delay on system throughput under different scheduling schemes in a simulation experiment of a multi-cell coordinated scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Fig. 10B is an experimental data result diagram showing the effect of time of backhaul delay on cell edge throughput under different scheduling schemes in a simulation experiment of a multi-cell co-scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Fig. 10C is an experimental data result diagram showing the effect of time of backhaul delay on system fairness under different scheduling schemes in a simulation experiment of a multi-cell coordinated scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Fig. 10D is an experimental data result diagram showing the effect of time of backhaul delay on the relative fairness of cell center and cell edge under different scheduling schemes in a simulation experiment of a multi-cell coordinated scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, in this disclosure, such as a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises or has a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus, but may include or have other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the following description, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description thereof is omitted. In addition, the drawings are schematic, and the ratio of the sizes of the components to each other, the shapes of the components, and the like may be different from actual ones.

The present disclosure provides a multi-cell cooperative scheduling method considering backhaul delay, which is a multi-cell cooperative scheduling method for scheduling and beamforming a terminal device by using channel state information based on prediction. In this case, by performing scheduling and beamforming using the predicted second channel state information, the influence of the expiration of the first channel state information caused by the backhaul delay on the scheduling and beamforming can be reduced (i.e., the influence of the backhaul delay on the performance of the communication system can be reduced), and the performance (e.g., throughput) of the communication system can be improved.

The multi-cell cooperative scheduling method considering backhaul delay related to the present disclosure may also be referred to as a multi-cell cooperative scheduling method, a scheduling method, or the like. The multi-cell cooperative scheduling method related to the disclosure can be suitable for application scenarios of communication systems with non-ideal backhaul links. In some examples, the multi-cell co-scheduling methods to which the present disclosure relates may be applied to a communication system including a terminal device, a communication node, and a central controller. In particular, the multi-cell co-scheduling method may be applied to a central controller in a communication system.

The channel state information (Channel State Information, CSI) to which examples of the present disclosure relate may characterize the channel state of a channel between a terminal device and a communication node. In some examples, the channel state information may include information of path loss, shadowing fading, and small-scale fading caused by multipath propagation, mobile station speed, and the like. In some examples, the channel state information may be presented in the form of a complex matrix. Thus, the channel state information can provide amplitude information and phase information on different subcarriers.

The central controller to which the disclosed examples relate may be a centralized management node. In some examples, a central controller may be used to centrally manage communication nodes within a range of areas. In some examples, the central controller may control scheduling and beamforming. In some examples, the Central controller to which examples of the present disclosure relate may also be referred to as a CU (Central Unit), a Central control Unit, a management node, a core network device, or the like. This enables centralized control of scheduling and beamforming.

The communication node to which the examples of the present disclosure relate may be a device responsible for receiving and transmitting information in a communication system. In some examples, the communication node may communicate with a central controller. In some examples, the communication node may communicate with a terminal device. In some examples, the communication node may perform scheduling and beamforming. In some examples, the communication nodes to which examples of the present disclosure relate may also be referred to as base stations, network nodes, or communication devices, etc. The terminal device to which the examples of the present disclosure relate may be a device for performing communication. In some examples, the terminal device may communicate and exchange data with communication nodes and other terminal devices in the communication system. In some examples, the terminal device may also be referred to as a user, user device, or terminal node, etc. In some examples, the terminal device to which examples of the present disclosure relate may be a computer, a cell phone, a tablet, a smart watch, a smart television, a router, or the like.

A frequency Resource Block (RB) to which examples of the present disclosure relate may be a continuous segment of frequency resources divided in a frequency domain, which is used to transmit signals and data. In some examples, the frequency resource blocks may be divided into different subcarriers. In some examples, the bandwidth of the frequency resource block may be 180kHz (kilohertz). In some examples, the bandwidth of the frequency resource blocks may be set according to different communication schemes.

The non-ideal backhaul link to which the examples of the present disclosure relate may be a backhaul link (i.e., a communication link) in which a backhaul delay exists. The backhaul delay referred to in this disclosure refers to the delay caused by a communication node uploading data to a central controller over a communication link, which in turn issues data to the communication node over the communication link.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a multi-cell cooperative scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Wherein the arrow between the terminal device 10 and the communication node 20 or the arrow between the central controller 30 and the communication node 20 shown in fig. 1 represents the communication direction between the two. In some examples, the multi-cell co-scheduling method related to the present disclosure may be applied in an application scenario of the communication system 1 as shown in fig. 1. In some examples, referring to fig. 1, terminal device 10 may communicate through communication node 20. In some examples, central controller 30 may centrally manage communication node 20. Thereby, the central controller 30 can centrally control the scheduling and beamforming.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a multi-cell co-scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 2, in some examples, the multi-cell co-scheduling method may include receiving first channel state information of communication nodes 20 from a plurality of cells (step S100), predicting second channel state information based on the first channel state information (step S200), selecting a target terminal device set multiplexing a target frequency resource block from among terminal devices 10 communicating with the communication nodes 20 of the plurality of cells based on the second channel state information (step S300), determining first control information of the target terminal device set based on the second channel state information (step S400), determining second control information of the target terminal device set based on the first channel state information and the first control information (step S500), and transmitting the first control information and the second control information to a communication node 20 corresponding to at least one terminal device 10 of the target terminal device set to schedule and beamform at least one terminal device 10 of the target terminal device set (step S600). In this case, by scheduling and beamforming the terminal device 10 using the predicted second channel state information, the influence of the backhaul delay on the performance of the communication system 1 can be reduced, and the performance of the communication system 1 can be improved.

Referring to fig. 2, in some examples, first channel state information from communication nodes 20 of a plurality of cells may be received in step S100. In this case, it is possible to predict the second channel state information based on the plurality of first channel state information and to intensively schedule and beam-form the terminal device 10.

In some examples, the first channel state information may be used to characterize a channel state of a first instant of a channel between communication node 20 and terminal device 10.

In some examples, the first time instant may be a time instant at which the first channel state information was generated. In some examples, the first time may be a time at which the terminal device 10 transmits the target data. In some examples, the target data may include a communication request and first channel state information. In some examples, the target data may include a communication request, which may include the first channel state information. In some examples, the terminal device 10 may obtain the first channel state information.

With continued reference to fig. 2, in some examples, in step S200, second channel state information may be used to characterize the channel state at a second instant of the channel. In some examples, the second time instant may be an estimated time instant at which the terminal device 10 is scheduled and beamformed. In some examples, the second time may be later than the first time and related to a backhaul delay corresponding to the channel. In some examples, the second time may be the first time plus a delay time.

In some examples, a delay time of a backhaul delay corresponding to a channel may be acquired. In some examples, central controller 30 may obtain a delay time for a backhaul delay corresponding to a channel. In some examples, communication node 20 may send a data packet with time information to central controller 30. In some examples, after receiving the data packet, the central controller 30 may calculate a time interval between the receiving time and the transmitting time to obtain a unidirectional delay time corresponding to the terminal device 10, and multiply the unidirectional delay time corresponding to the terminal device 10 by 2 to obtain a bidirectional delay time, that is, a delay time of a backhaul delay corresponding to the terminal device 10.

In some examples, without the initial backhaul delay time, central controller 30 may set an initial delay time value before acquiring the delay time and updating the delay time value during communication. In some examples, communication node 20 may send the time of the corresponding backhaul delay of terminal device 10 to central controller 30.

In some examples, the scheduling and beamforming of the terminal device 10 may be continued for the time frame in which the terminal device 10 communicates.

In some examples, a time range to which the plurality of first channel state information belongs may be acquired. In some examples, the first time range may be a time range to which the plurality of first channel state information belongs. In some examples, the first time range may be determined based on a time range of the transmission target data of the terminal device 10. In some examples, a plurality of first channel state information for terminal device 10 over a first time range may be acquired.

In some examples, the first time range may be a time range of the terminal device 10 to transmit the target data. In some examples, the first time range may be determined from the time at which the target data transmitted by the terminal device 10 arrives at the corresponding communication node 20. In this case, when the second time range is determined based on the first time range and the delay time, the second time can be made closer to the time at which the terminal device 10 is scheduled and beamformed, and the accuracy of the second channel state information can be improved. In some examples, the first time range may be a part of a time range selected from the time ranges of transmission of the target data of the terminal device 10. In this case, the scheduling method of the present disclosure can be used in a part of the time range selected from the time ranges of the transmission target data of the terminal device 10, and other scheduling methods can be used in other time ranges of the time range of the transmission target data of the terminal device 10, and switching of the scheduling method by the communication system 1 can be facilitated, so that the flexibility of scheduling can be improved.

In some examples, a time range to which the predicted plurality of second channel state information belongs may be obtained. In some examples, the second time range may be a time range to which the plurality of second channel state information belongs. In some examples, the second time range may be determined based on the first time range and the delay time. In some examples, the second time range may be determined by the time instants of the plurality of first time ranges plus the time instants of the delay time. In some examples, a plurality of second channel state information of the terminal device 10 within a second time range may be predicted.

In some examples, the second time may be determined based on a second time range. In this case, when the second channel state information at the plurality of different second times is determined by the second time range, the terminal device 10 can be dynamically scheduled and beamformed using the plurality of second channel state information, and the communication system 1 can be adapted to the change in the channel state, thereby improving the performance of the communication system 1. In addition, when the second time range is determined based on the time range and the delay time of the transmission target data of the terminal device 10, the second time can be made closer to the time at which the terminal device 10 is scheduled and beamformed, and the accuracy of the second channel state information can be improved.

In some examples, the second channel state information may be predicted based on the first channel state information and using a predictive model.

In some examples, the prediction model may include a time series prediction model, which may include, for example, an ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average, differentially integrated moving average autoregressive) model, an ARMA (Autoregressive Moving Average ) model, an exponential smoothing model, a seasonal autoregressive moving average model, a neural network model, a support vector regression model, a linear regression model, a random forest model, and the like.

In some examples, the ARIMA model may be expressed as ARIMA (p, d, q). Where p may represent the autoregressive order, refer to the number of autoregressive terms used in the model, d may represent the differential order, refer to the number of differences made to smooth the time series, q may represent the moving average order, refer to the number of moving average terms used in the model. In this case, the second channel state information is predicted by the differential integration moving average autoregressive model, so that the accuracy of the second channel state information can be improved while the calculation amount is reduced.

In some examples, the second channel state information may be predicted based on the p channel state information. In some examples, the p pieces of channel state information may include channel state information for a plurality of times before the second time, and the channel state information may include the first channel state information. In some examples, the real part and the imaginary part of the complex number in the second channel state information may be predicted by using an ARIMA model, and then restored to a complex form, and further restored to a complex matrix.

In some examples, the ARIMA model may be trained using pre-obtained training samples. Thus, the autoregressive order, the differential order and the moving average order in the ARIMA model can be determined, so that the ARIMA model can be utilized to predict the second channel state information, and the accuracy of the predicted second channel state information can be improved.

In some examples, the training samples may be a plurality of first channel state information prior to the terminal device 10, such as 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, or others. In other examples, the training samples may be a plurality of channel state information generated using a FWGN (Filtered White Gaussian Noise, filtered gaussian white noise) channel model, such as 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, or others.

In some examples, the second channel state information may be predicted using an ARMA model. In some examples, the ARMA model may be represented as ARMA (p, q). Where p may represent an autoregressive order and q may represent a moving average order.

In some examples, the ARMA model may satisfy the formula: x is x _t ＝Φ ₁ x _t-1 +…+Φ _p x _t-p +ε _t -θ ₁ ε _t-1 -…-θ _q ε _t-q Wherein x is _t A value that may represent the current time, t may represent the current time, p may represent an autoregressive order, q may represent a moving average order, Φ ₁ Can be expressed as x _t-1 Coefficient of phi _p Can be expressed as x _t-p Coefficient of theta ₁ May represent epsilon _t-1 Coefficient of theta _q May represent epsilon _t-q Coefficient of x _t-1 Can represent the value at time t-1, x _t-p The value of the time t-q, ε, can be expressed _t Error term epsilon of current moment can be represented _t-1 Error term epsilon that can represent time t-1 _t-q The error term at time t-q can be represented.

In some examples, the ARMA model may be trained using pre-obtained training samples. Thus, the autoregressive order and the moving average order in the ARMA model can be determined.

With continued reference to fig. 2, in some examples, in step S300, a set of target terminal devices may be determined based on the transmission rate of the terminal device 10 and the angle between the at least two channels.

In some examples, the target frequency resource block may be any frequency resource block that needs to be multiplexed. In some examples, the target set of terminal devices may be a set of terminal devices 10 that are selected and to be scheduled. In some examples, the terminal devices 10 in the target terminal device set may be 1 or more, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, or others. In some examples, the terminal devices 10 in the target terminal device set may be located in different cells. Thereby enabling to reduce interference between terminal devices 10 of different cells.

Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a target terminal device set selecting a multiplexing target frequency resource block in a multi-cell co-scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. In some examples, referring to fig. 3, the target terminal device set selecting the multiplexing target frequency resource block may include a first device selecting the multiplexing target frequency resource block based on a scheduling algorithm (step S310), a second device selecting the multiplexing target frequency resource block based on a first channel direction difference (step S330), a third device selecting the multiplexing target frequency resource block based on a second channel direction difference (step S340), and determining the target terminal device set based on the first device, the second device, and the third device (step S360).

Referring to fig. 3, in some examples, a first device (which may also be referred to as a first terminal device) that multiplexes the target frequency resource blocks may be selected based on a scheduling algorithm in step S310. Whereby the first device can be selected.

In some examples, the scheduling algorithm may be related to the transmission rate of the terminal device 10. In some examples, the scheduling algorithm may be a PF (Proportional Fairness, proportional fair) algorithm. In some examples, the scheduling algorithm may be a Max C/I (Maximum Carrier-to-Interference Ratio) algorithm. In some examples, the scheduling algorithm may be an RR (Round Robin) algorithm. In some examples, the scheduling algorithm may be a max-min fairness algorithm.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a first terminal device in a selection target terminal device set in a multi-cell co-scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. In some examples, referring to fig. 4, selecting a first terminal device in the target terminal device set may include determining a maximum power allocation manner of the terminal device 10 (step S3110), determining a maximum power of the terminal device 10 (step S3120), determining an instantaneous transmission rate corresponding to the terminal device 10 based on the second channel state information and the maximum power of the terminal device 10 (step S3130), determining a priority corresponding to the terminal device 10 based on the instantaneous transmission rate (step S3140), and selecting one terminal device 10 from the at least one terminal device 10 as the first terminal device in the target terminal device set based on the priority (step S3150).

Referring to fig. 4, in some examples, in step S3110, a maximum power allocation manner of the terminal device 10 may be determined. In some examples, the maximum power allocation may include making the maximum power of the terminal device 10 located at the cell edge twice the maximum power of the terminal device 10 located at the cell center. In this case, the interference of the terminal device 10 located at the cell center to the terminal device 10 located at the cell edge can be reduced, and the strength of the useful signal of the terminal device 10 located at the cell edge can be increased, thereby improving the throughput of the terminal device 10 located at the cell edge.

In some examples, the maximum power allocation may include a maximum power of the terminal device 10 located at the cell edge being multiple times, e.g., 3 times, 3.5 times, 4 times, or other, the terminal device 10 located at the cell center. Thereby, the interference of the terminal device 10 located at the cell center to the terminal device 10 located at the cell edge can be further reduced, and the strength of the useful signal of the terminal device 10 located at the cell edge can be further increased.

In other examples, the maximum power allocation may include making the maximum power of all terminal apparatuses 10 multiplexing the target frequency resource block the same. This can improve fairness in the power resource allocation scheme.

With continued reference to fig. 4, in some examples, in step S3120, the maximum power of the terminal device 10 may be determined. In some examples, the maximum power of the terminal device 10 may be determined based on the maximum power allocation pattern and a preset maximum power of the target frequency resource block. In some examples, the preset maximum power of the target frequency resource block may be a total power limit of all terminal devices 10 multiplexing the target frequency resource block.

In some examples, a maximum power allocation approach of an SFR (Soft Frequency Reuse ) scheme may be employed. For example, the terminal apparatuses 10 in a cell may be divided into cell center terminal apparatuses (i.e., terminal apparatuses 10 located at the center of the cell) and cell edge terminal apparatuses (i.e., terminal apparatuses 10 located at the edge of the cell). In some examples, it may be provided that the target terminal device set includes two cell center terminal devices and one cell edge terminal device that are not both in a cell, i.e., neither cell center terminal device nor one cell edge terminal device is in a cell.

In some examples, the maximum power allocation may include making the maximum power of the cell edge terminal device twice the maximum power of the cell center terminal device. In some examples, in the SFR scheme, it may be specified that the preset maximum power of a single frequency resource block is 0.8W, and then the maximum power of the cell center terminal device is 0.2W, and the maximum power of the cell edge terminal device is 0.4W.

In some examples, the preset maximum power of a single frequency resource block may be the same.

In some examples, the serving communication node 20 of the cell may be located in the center of the cell. In some examples, terminal device 10 within 0.7 cell radii from serving communication node 20 may be specified as a cell center terminal device, otherwise as a cell edge terminal device. For example, if the cell radius is 500 meters, it may be provided that terminal device 10 within 350 meters of serving communication node 20 is a cell center terminal device, otherwise it is a cell edge terminal device.

In some examples, a maximum power allocation approach of the CS/CB scheme may be employed. For example, it may be provided that the target set of terminal devices comprises three terminal devices 10 that are not all in a cell, and that each terminal device 10 is allocated the same maximum power over a single frequency resource block. This can improve fairness in the power resource allocation scheme.

With continued reference to fig. 4, in some examples, in step S3130, the corresponding instantaneous transmission rate of the terminal device 10 may be determined based on the second channel state information and the maximum power of the terminal device 10.

With continued reference to fig. 4, in some examples, in step S3140, a priority corresponding to the terminal device 10 may be determined based on the instantaneous transmission rate. In this case, the terminal device 10 having a high transmission rate can be preferentially scheduled, and the throughput of the communication system 1 can be improved.

The instantaneous transmission rate of the terminal device 10 may satisfy the formula:where j may denote the index of the terminal device 10, t may denote a moment in time, n may denote the index of the frequency resource block, r _j (t) ^[n] Can represent the instantaneous transmission rate of the jth terminal device at time t on the nth frequency resource block,/for the terminal device at time t>The SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio, signal-to-noise ratio) at time t for the jth terminal device may be represented on the nth frequency resource block.

In some examples, the SNR of the terminal device 10 may satisfy the formula:where b may represent an index of communication node 20, h _b,j ^[n] (t) can represent channel state information from the b-th communication node to the j-th terminal device at the time t on the nth frequency resource block, P _max (j) Can represent the maximum power, N, allocated to the jth terminal device ₀ Can indicate that the power received by the jth terminal equipment is N ₀ Is a noise of (a) a noise of (b).

In some examples, the channel state information may be second channel state information.

In some examples, the PF priority index may satisfy the formula:wherein PF metric may represent a PF priority index, R _j (t) ^[n] The average transmission rate of the jth terminal device at time t may be represented on the nth frequency resource block.

In some examples, the priority calculation formula may include an instantaneous transmission rate and an average transmission rate, where the average transmission rate may be determined from the instantaneous transmission rate and the updated time window parameter. In this case, by determining the priority level to which the terminal device 10 corresponds based on the instantaneous transmission rate, it is possible to take into consideration both the throughput and fairness of the communication system 1, and it is possible to facilitate the terminal device 10 having a high priority to be scheduled preferentially.

In some examples, the priority may satisfy the formula:where k may denote that the kth terminal device of all the terminal devices 10 that transmit the communication request at the present moment is selected as the first device on the nth frequency resource block, N may denote that there are N terminal devices 10 that transmit the communication request at the moment t, argmax may denote a function of the element index that takes the maximum value.

In some examples, the terminal device 10 with the highest priority at the current time may be selected as the first terminal device.

In some examples, the average transmission rate of the terminal device 10 may satisfy the formula:

wherein t is _c An update time window may be represented.

With continued reference to fig. 4, in some examples, in step S3150, one terminal device 10 may be selected from the at least one terminal device 10 as the first terminal device in the target terminal device set based on the priority. In this case, the terminal device 10 with high priority can be prioritized to be scheduled, and the throughput and fairness of the communication system 1 can be taken into consideration at the same time. In addition, when the maximum power of the terminal device 10 located at the cell edge is twice as high as that of the terminal device 10 located at the cell center, the interference of the terminal device 10 located at the cell center to the terminal device 10 located at the cell edge can be reduced, and the strength of the useful signal of the terminal device 10 located at the cell edge can be increased, thereby improving the throughput of the terminal device 10 located at the cell edge. In addition, when the maximum power of all the terminal devices 10 multiplexing the target frequency resource block is the same, fairness of the allocation scheme of the power resources can be improved.

Referring back to fig. 3, in some examples, in step S320, it may be determined whether the condition for selecting the second device is satisfied. In some examples, determining whether the condition for selecting the second device is satisfied may be determining whether there is a terminal device 10 that is not in a different cell from the first device and has sent a communication request at the present time. In some examples, in step S320, it may be satisfied that step S330 is performed in response to the presence of a terminal device 10 that is not in the same cell as the first device. Thereby being beneficial to meeting the communication requirements of the second device. In some examples, if the condition for selecting the second device is not satisfied, step S360 may be performed.

In some examples, in step S330, a first channel direction difference may be calculated based on the channel of the first device and the channel of the terminal device 10 that is not in the same cell as the first device, and the second device may be selected based on the first channel direction difference.

In some examples, the first channel direction difference may be related to a degree of orthogonality between at least two channels. In this case, by determining the second device in the target terminal device set by calculating the first channel direction difference related to the degree of orthogonality, interference between the terminal devices 10 in the target terminal device set can be reduced.

In some examples, SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio ) of terminal device 10 may be a ratio of a desired signal to an interference plus noise signal, a maximum transmission rate of terminal device 10 may be related to SINR of terminal device 10, and the higher the SINR of terminal device 10, the higher the maximum transmission rate. In this case, by determining the second device in the target terminal device set by calculating the first channel direction difference related to the degree of orthogonality, interference between the terminal devices 10 in the target terminal device set can be reduced, so that SINR of the terminal devices 10 can be increased, and thus the maximum transmission rate of the terminal devices 10 can be improved.

In some examples, the degree of orthogonality may represent a degree of gap between a channel phase difference between at least two channels and 90 degrees. In some examples, the channel phase difference may represent a phase relationship of two channels over time. In some examples, the channel phase difference may be a relative position difference of signals of two channels on a time axis. In this case, interference between the terminal apparatuses 10 in the target terminal apparatus set can be reduced.

In some examples, the degree of orthogonality may represent a degree of gap between a channel angle difference between at least two channels and 90 degrees. In some examples, the channel angle difference may represent a spatial directional relationship of the two channels. In some examples, the channel angle difference may be an angle between the direction vectors of the two channels. In this case, interference between the terminal apparatuses 10 in the target terminal apparatus set can be reduced.

In some examples, the terminal device 10 with the highest degree of orthogonality (i.e., the most orthogonal) of the corresponding channel with the channel of the first device may be selected as the second device. In some examples, the degree of orthogonality may be a difference between a channel angle difference between channels and 90 degrees.

Specifically, the first channel direction difference may satisfy the formula:wherein u is ₁ Can represent a first device, b ₁ May represent a communication node 20, u serving a first device ₂ Can represent a second device, b ₂ Communication node 20, which may represent a service for the second device, is ±>Can be represented by b ₁ Terminal equipment set,/->May represent a set of terminal devices of communication node 20, or +>Can be represented by b ₁ To u ₁ Channel and b of (2) ₁ To u ₂ Difference between channel angle difference and 90 degrees,/for the channels of (2)>Can be represented by b ₂ To u ₁ Channel and b of (2) ₂ To u ₂ The difference between the channel angle difference of the channel of (2) and 90 degrees, min may represent a minimum function,/v>Can be represented as u ₂ For a set of terminal devices of communication node 20 other than b ₁ Terminal equipment 10 of the terminal equipment set.

In the formula described above, it can be considered that: when b ₁ To u ₁ Channel and b of (2) ₁ To u ₂ Can reduce u when the channel orthogonality degree is highest ₁ For u ₂ Is a disturbance of (1); when b ₂ To u ₁ Channel and b of (2) ₂ To u ₂ Can reduce u when the channel orthogonality degree is highest ₂ For u ₁ Is a part of the interference of the (c).

Referring to fig. 3, in some examples, in step S340, it may be determined whether a condition for selecting the third device is satisfied. In some examples, determining whether the condition for selecting the third device is satisfied may be determining whether there is a terminal device 10 that is not in the same cell as both the first device and the second device and has sent a communication request at the current time.

In some examples, in step S340, it may be satisfied that step S350 is performed in response to the presence of a terminal device 10 that is not in the same cell as both the first device and the second device. Thereby being beneficial to meeting the communication requirements of the third device. In some examples, if the condition for selecting the third device is not satisfied, step S360 may be performed.

In some examples, in step S350, a second channel direction difference may be calculated based on the channel of the first device, the channel of the second device, and the channel of the terminal device 10 that is not in the same cell as both the first device and the second device, and a third device may be selected based on the second channel direction difference.

In some examples, the second channel direction difference may be related to a degree of orthogonality between at least two channels. In this case, by determining the third device in the target terminal device set by calculating the second channel direction difference related to the degree of orthogonality, interference between the terminal devices 10 in the target terminal device set can be reduced.

In some examples, the terminal device 10 having the highest degree of orthogonality (i.e., the most orthogonal) of the corresponding channel with the channel of the first device and the channel of the second device may be selected as the third device. In addition, the description related to the degree of orthogonality refers to the description related in the first channel direction difference.

In some examples, if the degree of orthogonality is a difference between a channel angle difference between channels and 90 degrees, the formula for the second channel direction difference may satisfy the formula:wherein u is ₃ Can represent a third device, b ₃ Communication node 20, which may represent a service third device, is->Can be represented by b ₂ Terminal equipment set,/->Can be represented by b ₁ To u ₁ Channel and b of (2) ₁ To u ₃ Difference between channel angle difference and 90 degrees,/for the channels of (2)>Can be represented by b ₂ To u ₂ Channel and b of (2) ₂ To u ₃ Difference between channel angle difference and 90 degrees,/for the channels of (2)>Can be represented by b ₃ To u ₁ Channel and b of (2) ₃ To u ₃ Difference between channel angle difference and 90 degrees,/for the channels of (2)>Can be represented by b ₃ To u ₂ Channel and b of (2) ₃ To u ₃ Difference between channel angle difference and 90 degrees,/for the channels of (2)>Can be represented as u ₃ For a set of terminal devices of communication node 20 other than b ₁ And not belonging to b) ₂ Terminal equipment 10 of the terminal equipment set.

In the formula described above, it can be considered that: when b ₁ To u ₁ Channel and b of (2) ₁ To u ₃ Can reduce u when the channel orthogonality degree is highest ₁ For u ₃ Is a disturbance of (1); when b ₂ To u ₂ Channel and b of (2) ₂ To u ₃ Can reduce u when the channel orthogonality degree is highest ₂ For u ₃ Is a disturbance of (1); when b ₃ To u ₁ Channel and b of (2) ₃ To u ₃ Can reduce u when the channel orthogonality degree is highest ₃ For u ₁ Is a disturbance of (1); when b ₃ To u ₂ Channel and b of (2) ₃ To u ₃ Can reduce u when the channel orthogonality degree is highest ₃ For u ₂ Is a part of the interference of the (c).

In some examples, the difference between the channel angle difference between the channels and 90 degrees may be characterized by the following equation:

where i may represent an index of communication node 20, j ₁ And j ₂ An index of the terminal device 10 may be represented,can represent the ith communication node to the jth communication node ₁ Direction of channels of individual terminal devices, +.>Representing the ith communication node to the jth communication node ₂ The direction of the channels of the individual terminal devices. />Can represent the ith communication node to the jth communication node ₁ Channel of each terminal device and ith communication node to jth communication node ₂ Angle difference of direction of channels of individual terminal devices, < >>It may be expressed that the difference between the channel angle difference between the channels and 90 degrees, the closer to 90 degrees the more orthogonal the channels are. In some of the examples of the present invention, The degree of orthogonality between channels may be represented.

With continued reference to fig. 3, in some examples, in step S360, a set of target terminal devices may be determined based on the first device, the second device, and the third device. In this case, when the terminal devices 10 in the target terminal device set are determined by calculating the first channel direction difference and the second channel direction difference related to the degree of orthogonality, interference between the terminal devices 10 in the target terminal device set can be reduced.

In some examples, in step S360, a set of target terminal devices may be determined based on the first device. In some examples, the set of target terminal devices may be determined based on the first device and the second device.

In some examples, the target set of terminal devices may include only the first device if there is no second device that satisfies the condition. In some examples, the target set of terminal devices may include only the first device and the second device if there is no third device that satisfies the condition. In some examples, the target set of terminal devices may include the first device, the second device, and the third device if there is a third device that satisfies the condition.

Referring back to fig. 2, in some examples, in step S400, the first control information may be used to beamform terminal devices 10 in the target terminal device set.

Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating determination of first control information in a multi-cell co-scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. In some examples, referring to fig. 5, determining the first control information may include determining a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of each terminal device 10 in the target terminal device set based on the second channel state information (step S410), determining a first constraint based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of the terminal device 10 (step S420), determining a second constraint based on a maximum power of the terminal device 10 (step S430), determining a third constraint (step S440), obtaining a beamforming vector based on the first constraint, the second constraint, and the third constraint (step S450), and determining the first control information based on the at least one beamforming vector (step S460).

Referring to fig. 5, in some examples, in step S410, SINR of each terminal device 10 in the target terminal device set may be determined based on the second channel state information. In some examples, the SINR of each terminal device 10 may be a first SINR used to calculate a beamforming vector. In some examples, the beamforming vector may be used to beamform the terminal device 10.

In some examples, the signals received by the terminal device 10 may include a desired signal, an inter-cell interference signal, and a noise signal.

In some examples, the signal received by the terminal device 10 may satisfy the formula:

where b may represent the index of communication node 20, u may represent the index of terminal device 10, y _u Can represent the u-th terminal deviceReceived signal h _b,u Can represent channel state information, w, from the b-th communication node to the u-th terminal device _b,u The beamforming vector from the b-th communication node to the u-th terminal device may be represented. X is x _u May represent the signal transmitted by the u-th terminal device. h is a _i,u The channel state information of the ith communication node to the ith terminal equipment may be represented. w (w) _i,j The beamforming vector from the ith communication node to the jth terminal equipment may be represented. X is x _j May represent the signal transmitted by the j-th terminal device.

As described above, the channel state information may be a complex matrix. In some examples, the channel state information may be a complex vector. In some examples, the channel state information may be 1×n _T Wherein N is _T The dimensions of the vector may be represented. In some examples, the beamforming vector may be N _T Complex vector x 1.

In some examples, in communication system 1, the b-th communication node may be a serving communication node 20 of the u-th terminal device, the i-th communication node may be a serving communication node 20 of the j-th terminal device, and each terminal device 10 may have and only 1 serving communication node 20. In some examples, a single communication node 20 serves only a single terminal device 10 on a single frequency resource block.

In some examples, the calculation formula for SINR may satisfy the formula:wherein n may represent an index of a frequency resource block, < >>The SINR of the b-th communication node to the u-th terminal device at the nth frequency resource block (target frequency resource block) may be represented. />Can be represented on the nth frequency resource block, the channel state information from the b-th communication node to the u-th terminal equipment，/>The beamforming vector from the b-th communication node to the u-th terminal device on the nth frequency resource block may be represented. />Channel state information of the ith communication node to the ith terminal equipment on the nth frequency resource block may be represented. N (N) ₀ Can indicate that the power received by the u-th terminal equipment is N ₀ Is a noise of (a) a noise of (b). b and i may belong to a set of communication nodes, u and j may belong to a set of terminal devices, and n may belong to a set of frequency resource blocks.

In some examples, the first SINR may represent an SINR of a single communication node 20 to a single terminal device 10 over a single frequency resource block. In some examples, for SINR (i.e., first SINR) used to calculate the beamforming vector, the channel state information may be second channel state information. In this case, the influence of the expiration of the first channel state information caused by the backhaul delay on the scheduling and the beamforming can be reduced, and the performance of the communication system 1 can be improved.

In some examples, for SINR used to calculate throughput (i.e., second SINR, described later), the channel state information may be first channel state information.

With continued reference to fig. 5, in some examples, in step S420, a first constraint, i.e., SINR constraint, may be determined based on the SINR of each terminal device 10 in the target set of terminal devices. In some examples, the first constraint may be a noise power limit of the respective terminal device 10.

In some examples, the first constraint may satisfy the formula:wherein, gamma _min The lowest SINR threshold may be represented. In some examples, the minimum SINR threshold may be specified as 10dB. In other examples, the lowest SINR threshold may be other values, e.g., 11dB, 12dB. 13dB, 15dB, or others. In this case, the error rate can be reduced, the communication quality of the terminal device 10 can be improved, and the reliability of communication can be improved.

With continued reference to fig. 5, in some examples, in step S430, a second constraint may be determined based on the maximum power of each terminal device 10 in the target set of terminal devices. In some examples, the second constraint may be a maximum power limit for each terminal device 10 to multiplex a single block of frequency resources.

In some examples, the formula of the second constraint may satisfy the formula:wherein b may belong to the set of communication nodes, < >>May represent a set of communication nodes, u may belong to a set of terminal devices, ">Can represent a set of terminal devices,/->May represent the total number of communication nodes 20, +.>May represent the total number of terminal devices 10, < >>A preset maximum power (i.e., maximum power limit) of the nth frequency resource block may be represented.

In some examples, based on the second constraint, the beamforming vector may satisfy the formula:where Pmax (u) may represent the maximum power of the u-th terminal device on the n-th frequency resource block. In some examples, P _max (u)＝P _cscb ，P _cscb The maximum power of the terminal device 10 on the nth frequency resource block in the CS/CB scheme may be represented, wherein the maximum power of the terminal device 10 may be the same. In some examples, in the SFR scheme, the maximum power of the cell edge device on the nth frequency resource block may be twice the maximum power of the cell center device on the nth frequency resource block. This allows reasonable power distribution and further improves the performance of the communication system 1.

With continued reference to fig. 5, in some examples, in step S440, a third constraint may be determined. In some examples, the third constraint may be a transmission rate limit for each terminal device 10.

In some examples, the third constraint may be a finite buffer constraint. In some examples, the formula of the third constraint may satisfy the formula:wherein D is _u Can represent the data quantity of the target data transmitted by the u-th terminal device,/for>May represent a set of frequency resource blocks, +.>May represent the total number of frequency resource blocks, n may belong to

In some examples, the terminal device 10 does not have a requirement for transmitting the target data every TTI (Transmission Time Interval ), and the number and size of the data packets are different in each TTI by the terminal device 10, so that the channel capacity of each terminal device 10 cannot exceed the respective required amount of data to be transmitted too much. In this case, determining the third constraint can reduce power resource waste, and can further improve the performance of the communication system 1.

With continued reference to fig. 5, in some examples, at least one beamforming vector for the set of target terminal devices may be obtained based on the first constraint, the second constraint, and the third constraint in step S450. In this case, by determining the first constraint, the second constraint, and the third constraint, at least one beamforming vector is calculated, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, the maximum power, and the amount of data transmitted by the terminal device 10 can be simultaneously considered, and the limitation requirement of the actual communication scenario can also be considered, so that the applicability of the beamforming vector can be improved.

In some examples, an optimization problem may be constructed and first, second, and third constraints of the optimization problem may be determined, with the solution to the optimization problem resulting in corresponding beamforming vectors for each terminal device 10. In some examples, at least one optimization problem may be constructed and solved to obtain at least one beamforming vector for each terminal device 10.

In some examples, when the target set of terminal devices has not been fully determined, in particular, the optimization problem may satisfy the formula:

where max may represent the maximum function.

In some examples, after the set of target terminal devices has been determined, in particular, the optimization problem may satisfy the formula:

in some examples, the u-th terminal device may be the first device and the b-th communication node may be the serving communication node 10 of the first device. In some examples, the u-th terminal device may be the second device and the b-th communication node may be the serving communication node 10 of the second device. In some examples, the u-th terminal device may be a third device and the b-th communication node may be the serving communication node 10 of the third device. Thereby, the beamforming vector corresponding thereto can be calculated based on each terminal device 10 in the target terminal device set.

In some examples, the at least one beamforming vector may include a beamforming vector of the first set of beamforming vectors, the second set of beamforming vectors, and the third set of beamforming vectors. In this case, different manners of beamforming for each terminal device 10 in the target terminal device set can be considered, and thus the subsequent determination of the multiplexing manner of the target frequency resource block can be facilitated.

In some examples, if the target set of terminal devices has only the first device, the beamforming vector may include the beamforming vector in the first set of beamforming vectors. In some examples, if the target set of terminal devices has only the first device and the second device, the beamforming vector may include beamforming vectors in the first set of beamforming vectors and the second set of beamforming vectors. In some examples, if the target terminal device set has a first device, a second device, and a third device, the beamforming vectors may include beamforming vectors in the first set of beamforming vectors, the second set of beamforming vectors, and the third set of beamforming vectors.

In some examples, the first set of beamforming vectors may be obtained based on first, second, and third constraints corresponding to the first device, the second set of beamforming vectors may be obtained based on first, second, and third constraints corresponding to the first, second, and third devices, and the third set of beamforming vectors may be obtained based on first, second, and third constraints corresponding to the first, second, and third devices.

In some examples, the first set of beamforming vectors may be used to beamform the first device. In some examples, the first set of beamforming vectors may include beamforming vectors of the first device at the time. In some examples, the second set of beamforming vectors may be used to co-beamform the first device and the second device. In some examples, the second set of beamforming vectors may include the beamforming vector of the first device and the beamforming vector of the second device at that time. In some examples, the third set of beamforming vectors may be used to co-beamform the first device, the second device, and the third device. In some examples, the third set of beamforming vectors may include the beamforming vector of the first device, the beamforming vector of the second device, and the beamforming vector of the third device at that time.

With continued reference to fig. 5, in some examples, in step S460, the first control information may include at least one beamforming vector.

Referring back to fig. 2, in some examples, in step S500, the second control information may multiplex information of the target frequency resource block for the terminal devices 10 in the target terminal device set.

Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating determination of second control information in a multi-cell co-scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure.

In some examples, referring to fig. 6, determining the second control information may include acquiring at least one maximum transmission rate of each terminal device 10 in the target terminal device set based on the first channel state information and the first control information (step S510), acquiring at least one throughput of the target frequency resource block based on a data amount of target data transmitted by each terminal device 10 in the target terminal device set and the at least one maximum transmission rate (step S520), selecting a frequency multiplexing manner corresponding to the throughput of the maximum target frequency resource block as a multiplexing manner of the target frequency resource block (step S530), and determining the second control information based on the multiplexing manner (step S540). In this case, the throughput of the communication system 1 can be improved by selecting the frequency reuse pattern corresponding to the throughput of the largest target frequency resource block as the reuse pattern of the target frequency resource block.

In some examples, the total throughput of all frequency resource blocks in communication system 1 may be the throughput of communication system 1.

Referring to fig. 6, in some examples, in step S510, the maximum transmission rate may be a maximum rate at which the terminal device 10 can transmit data.

In some examples, the terminalThe maximum transmission rate formula for the end device 10 may satisfy the formula: c (C) _u ＝log ₂ (1+S ₂ ) Wherein C _u Can represent the maximum transmission rate of the u-th terminal equipment, S ₂ The second SINR may be represented. In addition, the second SINR may represent the SINR of a single communication node 20 to a single terminal device 10 over a single frequency resource block. As described above, in some examples, for the second SINR, the channel state information may be the first channel state information. In this case, the actual maximum transmission rate of the terminal device 10 can be obtained, so that the subsequent acquisition of the throughput of the target frequency resource block based on the maximum transmission rate can improve the actual accuracy of the system throughput.

In some examples, for the second SINR, the beamforming vector may be a beamforming vector corresponding to each terminal device 10 in the target set of terminal devices in different beamforming manners (different multiplexing manners corresponding to the target frequency resource block). In this case, a maximum transmission rate can be obtained in relation to the multiplexing mode of the terminal device 10, facilitating the subsequent determination of at least one throughput and multiplexing mode of the target frequency resource block using the maximum transmission rate.

With continued reference to fig. 6, in some examples, at least one throughput of the target frequency resource block may be obtained based on at least one maximum transmission rate in step S520.

In some examples, at least one throughput of the target frequency resource block may be obtained based on the data amount and at least one maximum transmission rate of target data transmitted by each terminal device 10 in the target set of terminal devices. In some examples, the throughput of the terminal device 10 scheduling the target frequency resource block may be calculated.

In some examples, the throughput equation of the terminal device 10 may satisfy the equation: t (T) _u ＝min(C _u ,D _u ) Wherein T is _u The throughput of the u-th terminal device may be represented, and min may represent a minimum function.

In some examples, the beamforming vector utilized by the second SINR in the maximum transmission rate equation may be a beamforming vector in the first set of beamforming vectors, the second set of beamforming vectors, or the third set of beamforming vectors when calculating the throughput of the terminal device 10. Thus, throughput corresponding to each terminal apparatus 10 in different frequency reuse schemes can be obtained.

In some examples, the manner in which the first device multiplexes the target frequency resource blocks may be specified as a first multiplexing manner. In some examples, the first device and the second device may be provided to multiplex the target frequency resource blocks in a second multiplexing manner. In some examples, the first device, the second device, and the third device may be provided to multiplex the target frequency resource blocks in a third multiplexing manner.

In some examples, the throughput of the target frequency resource block may be calculated based on the first channel state information and the first set of beamforming vectors.

In some examples, the throughput of the target frequency resource block may satisfy the formula: ST (ST) ₁ ＝T ₁ ¹ ,T ₁ ¹ ＝min(C ₁ ¹ ,D ₁ ¹ ) Wherein ST is ₁ Throughput, T, of the first multiplexing mode, which can represent the target frequency resource block ₁ ¹ May represent throughput of the first device in the first multiplexing mode, C ₁ ¹ Can represent the maximum transmission rate of the first device in the first multiplexing mode, D ₁ ¹ The data amount of the target data transmitted by the first device in the first multiplexing mode may be represented.

In some examples, if there is a terminal device 10 satisfying the condition as the second device, the throughput of the target frequency resource block may be calculated based on the first channel state information and the second set of beamforming vectors. In some examples, the throughput of the target frequency resource block may satisfy the formula: ST (ST) ₂ ＝T ₁ ² +T ₂ ² ,T ₁ ² ＝min(C ₁ ² ,D ₁ ² ),T ₂ ² ＝min(C ₂ ² ,D ₂ ² ) Wherein ST is ₂ A second multiplexing mode capable of representing the target frequency resource blockThroughput, T ₁ ² May represent throughput of the first device in the second multiplexing mode, T ₂ ² May represent throughput of the second device in the second multiplexing mode, C ₁ ² Can represent the maximum transmission rate of the first device in the second multiplexing mode, D ₁ ² Can represent the data quantity of the target data transmitted by the first device in the second multiplexing mode, C ₂ ² Can represent the maximum transmission rate of the second device in the second multiplexing mode, D ₂ ² The data amount of the target data transmitted by the second device in the second multiplexing mode may be represented.

In some examples, if there is a terminal device 10 satisfying the condition as the third device, the throughput of the target frequency resource block may be calculated based on the first channel state information and the third set of beamforming vectors.

In some examples, the throughput of the target frequency resource block may satisfy the formula:

wherein ST is ₃ Throughput, T, of the third multiplexing mode, which can represent the target frequency resource block ₁ ³ May represent throughput of the first device in the third multiplexing mode, T ₂ ³ May represent throughput of the second device in the third multiplexing mode, T ₃ ³ May represent throughput of the third device in the third multiplexing mode, C ₁ ³ Can represent the maximum transmission rate of the first device in the third multiplexing mode, D ₁ ³ Can represent the data quantity of the target data transmitted by the first device in the third multiplexing mode, C ₂ ³ Can represent the maximum transmission rate of the second device in the third multiplexing mode, D ₂ ³ Can represent the data quantity of the target data transmitted by the second device in the third multiplexing mode, C ₃ ³ Can represent the maximum transmission rate of the third device in the third multiplexing mode, D ₃ ³ The data amount of the target data transmitted by the third device in the third multiplexing mode may be represented.

With continued reference to fig. 6, in some examples, in step S530, a frequency reuse pattern corresponding to throughput of the largest target frequency resource block may be selected as the reuse pattern of the target frequency resource block. In this case, the throughput of the communication system 1 can be improved, and the performance of the communication system 1 can be improved.

In some examples, the throughput corresponding to all multiplexing modes of the target frequency resource block may be calculated, e.g., ST if only the first device is in the target terminal device set ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the target terminal equipment set has only the first equipment and the second equipment, ST is calculated ₁ And ST (ST) ₂ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the target terminal equipment is concentrated with the first equipment, the second equipment and the third equipment, ST is calculated ₁ 、ST ₂ And ST (ST) ₃ 。

In some examples, the throughput, data volume, average transmission rate, and throughput of the target frequency resource block of the terminal device 10 in the current multiplexing mode may be updated. In some examples, the average transmission rate may satisfy the formula:

Wherein R is _u (t) can represent the average transmission rate of the u-th terminal device at the time t, r _u (t) may represent the instantaneous transmission rate of the u-th terminal device at time t, t _c An update time window may be represented. Since the u-th terminal device at the time t is not necessarily scheduled, the update of the average transmission rate is divided into two cases of scheduling the u-th terminal device at the time t and not scheduling the u-th terminal device.

With continued reference to fig. 6, in some examples, in step S540, the second control information may be determined based on a multiplexing manner. In some examples, the second control information may include a multiplexing manner of the target frequency resource blocks. In this case, the throughput of the communication system 1 can be improved by selecting the frequency multiplexing scheme corresponding to the throughput of the target frequency resource block as the multiplexing scheme of the target frequency resource block.

Referring back to fig. 2, in some examples, scheduling and beamforming may be performed in step S600. In addition, the first control information and the second control information may be used for scheduling and beamforming at least one terminal device 10 in the target terminal device set. In some examples, communication node 20 may receive the first control information and the second control information to schedule and beamform at least one terminal device 10 in the target set of terminal devices.

In some examples, scheduling may include scheduling resources for a single terminal device 10. In some examples, scheduling may include resource co-scheduling of multiple terminal devices 10. In some examples, scheduling may include determining a manner in which at least one terminal device 10 in a target set of terminal devices for scheduling and terminal devices 10 multiplex target frequency resource blocks.

In some examples, beamforming may include beamforming a single terminal device 10. In some examples, beamforming may include co-beamforming multiple terminal devices 10.

In some examples, communication node 20 serving the terminal device 10 that determined the schedule may perform scheduling and beamforming on the terminal device 10 that determined the schedule. In some examples, the communication node 20 may beamform the terminal device 10 according to the beamforming vector corresponding to the terminal device 10 in the multiplexing manner of the determined target frequency resource block, that is, transmit the beamformed signal to the terminal device 10.

In some examples, the communication link of communication node 20 with central controller 30 may be a wired link. In some examples, the communication link of communication node 20 with terminal device 10 may be a wireless link. In this case, in the communication system 1 in which the communication link between the communication node 20 and the terminal device 10 is a wireless link and the communication link between the communication node 20 and the central controller 30 is a wired link, the transmission speed of signals can be increased by performing communication via the wired link, the time of the backhaul delay can be reduced, and the influence of the backhaul delay on the performance of the communication system 1 can be reduced.

Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing embodiment 1 of a multi-cell cooperative scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure.

In some examples, referring to fig. 7, the multi-cell cooperative scheduling method may include the terminal device 10 transmitting a communication request to the communication node 20 (step S701), acquiring a time of a backhaul delay corresponding to the terminal device 10 (step S702), predicting second channel state information at time t based on the first channel state information (step S703), selecting a first device multiplexing an nth frequency resource block using the second channel state information (step S704), judging whether a condition for selecting the second device is satisfied (step S705), selecting the second device (step S706), judging whether a condition for selecting a third device is satisfied (step S707), selecting the third device (step S708), calculating at least one beamforming vector (step S709), determining first control information based on the at least one beamforming vector (step S710), calculating throughput corresponding to at least one multiplexing method of a target frequency resource block (step S711), selecting a frequency multiplexing method corresponding to throughput of a maximum target frequency resource block as a multiplexing method of the target frequency resource block, and determines the second control information based on the multiplexing scheme (step S712), judges whether n is equal to the total number of frequency resource blocks (step S713), n=n+1 (step S714), transmits the first control information and the second control information to the communication node 20 corresponding to at least one terminal device 10 in the target terminal device set (step S715), the communication node 20 schedules the terminal device 10 and transmits a signal to the terminal device 10 according to the beamforming vector (step S716), it is determined whether t is equal to the time when the terminal device 10 last transmitted the communication request plus the time of the corresponding backhaul delay, if so, the flow is ended (step S717), and t=t+1 (step S718).

In some examples, in step S701, terminal device 10 may send a communication request to communication node 20. In some examples, in step S702, T may be acquired. T may represent the time of the corresponding backhaul delay of the terminal device 10. In some examples, in step S703, second channel state information at time t may be predicted based on the first channel state information. In some examples, referring to step S200, the second channel state information may be predicted using an ARIMA model in step S703. In some examples, in step S704, the first device multiplexing the nth frequency resource block (target frequency resource block) may be selected using the second channel state information. In some examples, n=1 may be initialized. In some examples, referring to step S310, a PF algorithm may be employed to select the first device.

In some examples, in step S705, referring to step S320, it may be determined whether a condition for selecting the second device is satisfied. If yes, go to step S706, if not, go to step S709. In some examples, in step S706, referring to step S330, a second device may be selected.

In some examples, in step S707, it may be determined whether a condition for selecting the third device is satisfied. If yes, go to step S708, otherwise go to step S709. In some examples, in step S708, referring to step S350, a third device may be selected.

In some examples, in step S709, a target set of terminal devices may be determined first. In some examples, referring to step S400, at least one beamforming vector may be calculated. In some examples, in step S710, referring to step S400, first control information may be determined based on at least one beamforming vector.

In some examples, in step S711, referring to step S500, the throughput of the target frequency resource block corresponding to at least one multiplexing manner of the target frequency resource block may be calculated. In some examples, in step S712, referring to step S500, a frequency reuse pattern corresponding to the throughput of the largest target frequency resource block may be selected as the reuse pattern of the target frequency resource block, and the second control information may be determined based on the reuse pattern.

In some examples, in step S713, it may be determined whether n is equal to the total number of frequency resource blocks. If not, go to step S714 and execute the following steps from step S704 in fig. 7; if yes, go to step S715. In some examples, in step S714, n=n+1 may be performed.

In some examples, in step S715, central controller 30 may transmit the first control information and the second control information to communication node 20 corresponding to at least one terminal device 10 in the target terminal device set. In some examples, in step S716, communication node 20 may schedule at least one terminal device 10 and transmit signals to terminal device 10 according to the beamforming vector.

In some examples, in step S717, it may be determined whether t is equal to the time at which the terminal device 10 last transmitted the communication request plus the time of the corresponding backhaul delay. If not, go to step S718, and execute the following steps from step S703 in fig. 7; if yes, ending the flow. In some examples, in step S718, t=t+1 may be performed.

Fig. 8 is a flowchart showing embodiment 2 of a multi-cell cooperative scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure.

In some examples, referring to fig. 8, the multi-cell co-scheduling method may include the terminal device 10 sending a communication request to the communication node 20 (step S801), obtaining a time of a backhaul delay corresponding to the terminal device 10 (step S802), predicting a time of a t-time second channel state information based on the first channel state information (step S803), selecting a first device multiplexing an nth frequency resource block using the second channel state information (step S804), calculating a throughput of the first set of beamforming vectors and a corresponding target frequency resource block (step S805), judging whether a condition of selecting the second device is satisfied (step S806), selecting the second device and calculating a throughput of the second set of beamforming vectors and a corresponding target frequency resource block (step S807), judging whether a condition of selecting a third device is satisfied (step S808), selecting the third device and calculating a throughput of the third set of beamforming vectors and a corresponding target frequency resource block (step S809), determining first control information based on at least one beamforming vector (step S810), determining second control information (step S811), judging whether the n is equal to the throughput of the frequency block 814 and the corresponding to the first set of beamforming vectors (step S814), transmitting a signal to the terminal node 20, and the terminal device (step S815), and the node 10 transmitting the control signal according to the total number of the first set of beamforming vectors and the first set of the terminal device (step S813) to the terminal device (step S10) and the node 20) (step S) It is determined whether t is equal to the time when the terminal device 10 last transmitted the communication request plus the time of the corresponding backhaul delay, if so, the flow is ended (step S816), and t=t+1 (step S817).

In some examples, step S801 may be the same as step S701. In some examples, step S802 may be the same as step S702. In some examples, step S803 may be the same as step S703. In some examples, step S804 may be the same as step S704.

In some examples, in step S805, the throughput of the first set of beamforming vectors and corresponding target frequency resource blocks may be calculated. In some examples, the optimization problem may be constructed based on the first multiplexing mode and a first set of beamforming vectors corresponding to the first device may be solved (the calculation method refers to step S400), and the throughput of the target frequency resource block and the throughput of the first device in the first multiplexing mode may be calculated based on the first channel state information and the first set of beamforming vectors (the calculation method refers to step S500).

In some examples, in step S806, it may be determined whether the condition for selecting the second device is satisfied. If yes, go to step S807, otherwise go to step S810. In some examples, in step S807, a second device may be selected and a second set of beamforming vectors and throughput of the corresponding target frequency resource block may be calculated. In some examples, the optimization problem may be constructed based on the second multiplexing method and a second set of beamforming vectors corresponding to the first device and the second device may be solved (the calculation method refers to step S400), and the throughput of the target frequency resource block, the throughput of the first device, and the throughput of the second device in the second multiplexing method may be calculated based on the first channel state information and the second set of beamforming vectors (the calculation method refers to step S500).

In some examples, in step S808, it may be determined whether the condition for selecting the third device is satisfied. If yes, go to step S809, otherwise go to step S810. In some examples, in step S809, a third device may be selected and a third set of beamforming vectors and throughput of the corresponding target frequency resource block may be calculated. In some examples, the optimization problem may be constructed based on the third multiplexing mode and a third set of beamforming vectors corresponding to the first device, the second device, and the third device may be solved (the calculation method refers to step S400), and the throughput of the target frequency resource block, the throughput of the first device, the throughput of the second device, and the throughput of the third device in the third multiplexing mode may be calculated based on the first channel state information and the third set of beamforming vectors (the calculation method refers to step S500).

In some examples, in step S810, referring to step S400, first control information may be determined based on at least one beamforming vector. In some examples, at least one beamforming vector may be calculated. In some examples, in step S811, referring to step S500, the second control information may be determined based on the multiplexing manner of the frequency resource blocks corresponding to the throughput of the largest target frequency resource block. In some examples, referring to step S500, the throughput of the terminal device 10, the data amount, the average transmission rate, and the throughput of the target frequency resource block in the current multiplexing mode may be updated.

In some examples, in step S812, it may be determined whether n is equal to the total number of frequency resource blocks. If not, executing step S813 and executing the following steps from step S804 in fig. 8; if yes, go to step S814. In some examples, in step S813, n=n+1 may be performed. In some examples, step S814 may be the same as step S715. In some examples, step S815 may be the same as step S716. In some examples, in step S816, it may be determined whether t is equal to the time at which the terminal device 10 last sent the communication request plus the time of the corresponding backhaul delay. If not, executing step S817 and executing the following steps from step S803 in fig. 8; if yes, ending the flow. In some examples, in step S817, t=t+1 may be performed.

In order to verify the effectiveness of the multi-cell collaborative scheduling method, the multi-cell collaborative scheduling method completes a simulation experiment on a Matlab platform, and simulation parameters are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

The following are some descriptions of the simulation experiments.

The communication mode set by the simulation experiment is downlink communication in time division duplex transmission. The 35 terminal devices 10 are randomly distributed in a uniform distribution within the range of the prescribed terminal device 10. In order to be compatible with the scenario of more cells, the simulation experiment limits the range of the terminal device 10 to the position where three cells border. The communication node 20 closest to the terminal device 10 is the serving communication node 20 of the terminal device 10, and the other two communication nodes 20 are auxiliary communication nodes 20.

The generation of the target data of the terminal device 10 follows the form of poisson arrival, each time with random packet size. The moving speed of the terminal device 10 has five levels which can be randomly selected, and the moving speeds of the five levels are respectively 0Km/h, 5Km/h, 15Km/h, 25Km/h and 40Km/h.

The path loss model is a lognormal shadow fading model as shown in the following equation.

Where PL may represent the path loss parameter in dB, λ may represent the emission wavelength, n may represent the path loss index, d may represent the actual distance of signal transmission, d ₀ Can represent the relative distance, X, between the communication node 20 and the terminal device 10 _σ The shading variable with standard deviation sigma can be represented. The shadow variable is a gaussian random variable with a mean value of 0. Outdoor channel moduleThe model is FWGN channel model. The channel gain is time-varying, its amplitude follows the rayleigh distribution, and the phase follows the uniform distribution. Since the number of frequency resource blocks is small, the simulation experiment sets that the terminal device 10 adopts the same channel transmission characteristic on each frequency resource block, that is, the channel model of the same terminal device 10 on each frequency resource block is consistent within 1 TTI.

The simulation experiment takes a static scheduling scheme with the frequency multiplexing factor of 1 and a scheduling scheme with the frequency multiplexing factor of 3 as a comparison. In the static scheduling scheme with the frequency multiplexing factor of 1, although the cells share one frequency resource block, the cells do not cooperate with each other, and no measures for reducing inter-cell interference are taken. The static scheduling scheme with the frequency reuse factor of 1 is a mode in which three terminal apparatuses 10 reuse a single frequency resource block, so that the maximum power limit of each terminal apparatus 10 on the single frequency resource block is 0.8/3W. In the scheduling scheme with the frequency reuse factor of 3, the frequency resource blocks are divided proportionally according to the total number of the terminal devices 10 in each cell, the frequency resource blocks used in each cell are not overlapped, and measures for reducing inter-cell interference are not needed. The scheduling scheme with the frequency reuse factor of 3 is a mode in which a single terminal device 10 multiplexes a single frequency resource block, so the maximum power limit of each terminal device 10 on a single frequency resource block is 0.8W.

The following 4 indices were used in this simulation experiment to evaluate the effect of each scheduling scheme.

1. System throughput: it is one of the objects of the present disclosure to increase system throughput, and therefore, the higher the index, the better.

2. Cell edge throughput: it is one of the objects of the present disclosure to improve cell edge throughput, and therefore, the higher the index, the better.

3. Fairness index (Fairness index):the above is a calculation formula of the fairness index of the communication system 1 at a certain time, which is the 1 st index of the present disclosure for measuring the fairness of the system. Wherein J is ₁ Can represent the moment in time of the communication system 1Fair index, fair>The throughput of the u-th terminal device 10 at this time may be represented. The higher the fairness index, the smaller the throughput gap of each terminal device 10 in the cell, and the better the system fairness can be represented. />

4. Relative fairness index for cell center and cell edge:the above is a calculation formula of a relative fairness index between a cell center and a cell edge at a certain moment, which is used as a second index for measuring fairness of the system in the present disclosure. J (J) ₂ Can represent the relative fairness index between the cell center and the cell edge of the communication system 1 at this moment,/>The average throughput of the cell center terminal device at this time can be expressed as +. >The average throughput of the cell edge terminal device at that time may be represented. The higher the relative fairness index is, the smaller the throughput difference between the cell center terminal equipment and the cell edge terminal equipment is, and the system fairness can be embodied.

In this simulation, T ranges from 0 to 20ms. T=0 is an ideal state, and the second channel state information of the terminal device 10 does not need to be predicted. When T is 1 to 20ms, parameters of an ARIMA model are determined using the first channel state information of 400 TTIs, and second channel state information of a time of a corresponding backhaul delay of 50 TTIs in the future is predicted. For example, 400ms (a ₁ ) To 449ms (A) ₂ ) The target data generated by the inner terminal device 10, when T is 1ms, requires the first channel state information of the first 400 TTIs to predict the second channel state information of 401ms to 450 ms; when T is 20ms, the first channel state information of the first 400 TTIs is required to predict the second channel state information of 420ms to 469 ms. In the simulation experiment, the test results show that,the 400 TTI first channel state information for determining parameters of the ARIMA model is generated using the FWGN channel model.

The simulation experiment results are obtained by averaging after simulating 700 TTIs, so that random errors of the experiment are reduced.

According to the multi-cell collaborative scheduling method related by the disclosure, a scheduling scheme combining SFR, CS/CB and ARIMA model and a scheduling scheme combining CS/CB and ARIMA model can be provided. In the scheduling scheme combining CS/CB and ARIMA model proposed in the present disclosure, the frequency reuse factor is 1, the maximum power of each terminal device 10 on a single frequency resource block is 0.8/3W, and the set of specified target terminal devices may include three terminal devices 10 that are not all in a cell. Wherein the ARIMA model is used to predict the second channel state information based on the first channel state information. In the scheduling scheme combining the SFR, CS/CB and ARIMA model proposed in the present disclosure, terminal devices 10 in a cell are divided into a cell center terminal device and a cell edge terminal device, and the maximum power of the cell edge terminal device is twice as large as that of the cell center terminal device, and it is specified that a target terminal device set may include two cell center terminal devices and one cell edge terminal device, both of which are not in a cell, and that the maximum power of a single frequency resource block is 0.8W, then the maximum power of the cell center terminal device is 0.2W, and the maximum power of the cell edge terminal device is 0.4W. Wherein the ARIMA model is used to predict the second channel state information based on the first channel state information.

Fig. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a simulation experiment of a multi-cell co-scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. The nth frequency resource block is the target frequency resource block. In some examples, referring to fig. 9, the simulation experiment of the multi-cell co-scheduling method may include initializing a time of backhaul delay and a time range of transmission of target data by the terminal device 10 (step S901), predicting H _T (step S902), initializing t=a ₁ +T (step S903), utilize H _T (t) calculating the PF priority index of the terminal device 10 (step S904), initializing n=1 (step S905), selecting the first device and calculating the throughput and the th of the terminal device 10 of the nth frequency resource block in the first multiplexing modeThe throughput of the n frequency resource blocks (step S906), whether the condition for selecting the second device is satisfied (step S907), the throughput of the terminal device 10 for selecting the second device and calculating the multiplexed nth frequency resource block and the throughput of the nth frequency resource block in the second multiplexing manner (step S908), whether the condition for selecting the third device is satisfied (step S909), the throughput of the terminal device 10 for selecting the third device and calculating the multiplexed nth frequency resource block and the throughput of the nth frequency resource block in the third multiplexing manner (step S910), the multiplexing manner for selecting the frequency multiplexing manner corresponding to the throughput of the largest nth frequency resource block as the multiplexing manner of the nth frequency resource block (step S911), updating the throughput, data volume, average transmission rate, and throughput of the target frequency resource block of the terminal device 10 (step S912), determining whether n is equal to the number of frequency resource blocks (step S), n=n+1 (step S914), and determining whether t is equal to a ₂ +t (step S915), t=t+1 (step S916), and whether T is equal to the time of the maximum backhaul delay is determined, if so, the flow is ended (step S917), and t=t+1 (step S918).

Step S901: initializing t=0 and a time range in which the terminal device 10 transmits the target data. A is that ₁ To A ₂ A time range in which the terminal device 10 transmits the target data is indicated, and T indicates a time of the backhaul delay. Step S902: second channel state information is predicted. Predicting H using ARIMA model _T 。H _T Representing a set of second channel state information for each communication node 20 to each terminal device 10 over a second time frame. In step S902, parameters of the ARIMA model are determined in advance using the first channel state information of 400 TTIs. Step S903: initialization time t=a ₁ +T. Step S904: by H _T (t) calculating the PF priority index of the terminal device 10. H _T And (t) represents second channel state information at time t. The calculation method of the PF priority index of the terminal device 10 therein refers to step S310. Step S905: initializing n=1. Step S906: the first device is selected and the throughput of the terminal device 10 of the nth frequency resource block and the throughput of the nth frequency resource block in the first multiplexing mode are calculated. The method for selecting the first device refers to step S310, and calculates a first multiplexing The method of throughput of the terminal device 10 and throughput of the nth frequency resource block in this embodiment refers to step S400 and step S500. Step S907: and judging whether the condition for selecting the second equipment is met. If yes, go to step S908, if not, go to step S912. Step S908: and selecting the second device and calculating the throughput of the terminal device 10 multiplexing the nth frequency resource block and the throughput of the nth frequency resource block in the second multiplexing mode. The method for selecting the second device refers to step S330, and the method for calculating the throughput of the terminal device 10 and the throughput of the nth frequency resource block in the second multiplexing mode refers to step S400 and step S500. Step S909: and judging whether the condition for selecting the third device is satisfied. If yes, go to step S910, otherwise go to step S911. Step S910: and selecting a third device and calculating the throughput of the terminal device 10 multiplexing the nth frequency resource block and the throughput of the nth frequency resource block in the third multiplexing mode. The method for selecting the third device refers to step S350, and the method for calculating the throughput of the terminal device 10 and the throughput of the nth frequency resource block in the third multiplexing mode refers to step S400 and step S500. Step S911: and selecting a frequency multiplexing mode corresponding to the throughput of the nth frequency resource block with the maximum as the multiplexing mode of the nth frequency resource block. Wherein the selection method refers to step S500. Step S912: the throughput of the terminal device 10, the data amount, the average transmission rate, and the throughput of the target frequency resource block are updated. The calculation method in which the throughput of the terminal device 10, the data amount, the average transmission rate, and the throughput of the target frequency resource block refer to step S500. Step S913: it is determined whether n is equal to the number of frequency resource blocks. If not, go to step S914 and jump to step S906; if yes, go to step S915. Step S914: n=n+1. Step S915: judging whether t is equal to A ₂ +T. If not, go to step S916 and jump to step S904; if yes, go to step S917. Step S916: t=t+1. Step S917: judging whether T is equal to the time of the maximum backhaul delay, if not, executing step S918, and jumping to step S902; if yes, ending the flow. Step S918: t=t+1.

The simulation experiment compares the influence of the time of the backhaul delay on the system performance adopting five scheduling schemes, namely a static scheduling scheme with a frequency multiplexing factor of 1, a scheduling scheme with a frequency multiplexing factor of 3, a CS/CB scheduling scheme, a scheduling scheme combining CS/CB and ARIMA model and a scheduling scheme combining SFR, CS/CB and ARIMA model.

In fig. 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D, 1 represents a static scheduling scheme with a frequency reuse factor of 1, 2 represents a scheduling scheme with a frequency reuse factor of 3, 3 represents a scheduling scheme with a combination of SFR, CS/CB and ARIMA model proposed by the present disclosure, 4 represents a scheduling scheme with a combination of CS/CB and ARIMA model proposed by the present disclosure, and 5 represents a CS/CB scheduling scheme. The scheduling scheme with the frequency multiplexing factor of 3 and the static scheduling scheme with the frequency multiplexing factor of 1 do not cooperate with each other, are not affected by backhaul delay, and the performance of the scheduling scheme and the static scheduling scheme does not change with the increase of delay time, so that indexes of the two schemes show a straight line state in an experimental data result graph.

Fig. 10A is an experimental data result diagram showing the effect of time of backhaul delay on system throughput under different scheduling schemes in a simulation experiment of a multi-cell coordinated scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 10A, when the time of the backhaul delay is 1ms or more on the evaluation index of the system throughput, the CS/CB scheduling scheme is reduced in performance gain as compared with the communication system 1 without the cell cooperation scheme, almost approximating the scheduling scheme with the frequency reuse factor of 3 without the inter-cell cooperation. When the time of the backhaul delay is equal to or greater than 5ms, the CS/CB scheduling scheme no longer has a performance gain with respect to the scheduling scheme with the frequency reuse factor of 3. The combination of the second channel state information and the CS/CB scheduling scheme predicted by the ARIMA model can reduce the influence of the backhaul delay time on the performance of the communication system 1, so that the scheduling scheme combining the CS/CB and the ARIMA model proposed in the present disclosure can still be superior to the CS/CB scheduling scheme in the evaluation index of the system throughput when the backhaul delay time is greater than 5 ms. The scheduling scheme combining the SFR, the CS/CB and the ARIMA model provided by the disclosure is not obviously different from the scheduling scheme combining the CS/CB and the ARIMA model provided by the disclosure in the aspect of evaluation indexes of system throughput.

Fig. 10B is an experimental data result diagram showing the effect of time of backhaul delay on cell edge throughput under different scheduling schemes in a simulation experiment of a multi-cell co-scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 10B, when the time of the backhaul delay is 1ms or more on the cell edge throughput index, the CS/CB scheduling scheme is reduced in performance gain as compared to the communication system 1 without the cell cooperation scheme, almost approaching the scheduling scheme with the frequency reuse factor of 3 without the inter-cell cooperation. When the time of the backhaul delay is greater than or equal to 3ms, the CS/CB scheduling scheme no longer has performance gain with respect to the scheduling scheme with the frequency reuse factor of 3, which means that the impact of the time of the backhaul delay on the cell edge terminal device is greater than the impact of the cell center terminal device. The scheduling scheme of combining the CS/CB and the ARIMA model, which is proposed by the present disclosure, can reduce the influence of the time of the backhaul delay on the performance of the communication system 1, so that the scheduling scheme of combining the CS/CB and the ARIMA model, which is proposed by the present disclosure, can still be superior to the CS/CB scheduling scheme in terms of cell edge throughput index when the time of the backhaul delay is greater than 3 ms. In addition, the scheduling scheme of combining the SFR, the CS/CB and the ARIMA model provided by the disclosure can improve the maximum power limit of the cell edge terminal equipment, so that the cell edge throughput can be further improved on the basis of the scheduling scheme of combining the CS/CB and the ARIMA model provided by the disclosure, and the performance gain of the communication system 1 is improved.

Fig. 10C is an experimental data result diagram showing the effect of time of backhaul delay on system fairness under different scheduling schemes in a simulation experiment of a multi-cell coordinated scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 10C, on the fairness index (fairness index 1), since the scheduling scheme of combining SFR, CS/CB and ARIMA model proposed by the present disclosure can reduce the throughput gap between the cell center terminal device and the cell edge terminal device on the basis of the scheduling scheme of combining CS/CB and ARIMA model proposed by the present disclosure, system fairness can be improved.

Fig. 10D is an experimental data result diagram showing the effect of time of backhaul delay on the relative fairness of cell center and cell edge under different scheduling schemes in a simulation experiment of a multi-cell coordinated scheduling method according to an example of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 10D, the effect of the scheduling scheme proposed by the present disclosure, which combines SFR, CS/CB and ARIMA model, is superior to other schemes in the relative fairness index (fairness index 2) of the cell center and the cell edge.

In summary, the scheduling scheme combining the CS/CB and the ARIMA model proposed by the present disclosure may reduce the influence of the backhaul delay time on the system throughput and the cell edge throughput to a certain extent, so that the scheduling scheme is superior to a static scheduling scheme with a frequency multiplexing factor of 1, a scheduling scheme with a frequency multiplexing factor of 3, and a CS/CB scheduling scheme. The scheduling scheme combining the SFR, the CS/CB and the ARIMA model can further reduce the influence of the time of backhaul delay on the fairness of the system and the throughput of the cell edge on the basis of the scheduling scheme combining the CS/CB and the ARIMA model, so that the fairness of the system and the throughput of the cell edge can be improved. Therefore, the multi-cell collaborative scheduling method of the present disclosure is verified by simulation experiments, and the scheduling scheme of combining the CS/CB and the ARIMA model provided by the present disclosure and the scheduling scheme of combining the SFR, the CS/CB and the ARIMA model provided by the present disclosure are superior to a static scheduling scheme with a frequency multiplexing factor of 1, a scheduling scheme with a frequency multiplexing factor of 3 and a CS/CB scheduling scheme. The multi-cell collaborative scheduling method of the present disclosure can improve performance gain compared to the communication system 1 without the cell collaborative scheme.

Examples of the present disclosure also disclose a communication device comprising a processor and a memory. The processor executes the memory-stored program to implement one or more steps of the multi-cell co-scheduling method described above.

Examples of the present disclosure also disclose a computer-readable storage medium that may store at least one instruction that, when executed by a processor, performs one or more steps of the multi-cell co-scheduling method described above.

The multi-cell cooperative scheduling method considering backhaul delay is applied to a central controller 30 of a communication system 1 including a terminal device 10, a communication node 20 and the central controller 30, and comprises the steps of receiving first channel state information of the communication node 20 from a plurality of cells, predicting second channel state information based on the first channel state information, selecting a target terminal device set multiplexing target frequency resource blocks from the terminal devices 10 communicated with the communication node 20 of the plurality of cells based on the second channel state information, wherein the terminal devices 10 in the target terminal device set are positioned in different cells, determining first control information of the target terminal device set based on the second channel state information, and the first control information is used for carrying out beam forming on the terminal devices 10 in the target terminal device set; determining second control information of the target terminal equipment set based on the first channel state information and the first control information, wherein the second control information is information of multiplexing target frequency resource blocks by the terminal equipment 10 in the target terminal equipment 10 set; and transmits the first control information and the second control information to the communication node 20 corresponding to at least one terminal device 10 in the target terminal device set to schedule and beam-form the at least one terminal device 10 in the target terminal device set.

In the multi-cell cooperative scheduling method considering backhaul delay according to the present disclosure, terminal devices 10 requiring communication in the communication system 1 are scheduled and beamformed using the predicted second channel state information. In this case, by performing scheduling and beamforming using the predicted second channel state information, the influence of the expiration of the first channel state information caused by the backhaul delay on the scheduling and beamforming (that is, the influence of the backhaul delay on the performance of the communication system 1 can be reduced), and the performance (for example, throughput) of the communication system 1 can be improved.

While the disclosure has been described in detail in connection with the drawings and examples, it is to be understood that the foregoing description is not intended to limit the disclosure in any way. Modifications and variations of the present disclosure may be made as desired by those skilled in the art without departing from the true spirit and scope of the disclosure, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the disclosure.

Claims

1. A multi-cell cooperative scheduling method considering backhaul delay, applied to a central controller of a communication system including a terminal device, a communication node, and the central controller, comprising:

Receiving first channel state information of the communication node from a plurality of cells, wherein the first channel state information is used for representing a channel state of a first moment of a channel between the communication node and the terminal equipment, and the first moment is generated by the first channel state information;

predicting second channel state information based on the first channel state information, the second channel state information being used to characterize a channel state of the channel at a second time instant, the second time instant being later than the first time instant and related to the backhaul delay corresponding to the channel;

selecting a target terminal equipment set of multiplexing target frequency resource blocks from the terminal equipment communicated with the communication nodes of the cells based on the second channel state information, wherein the terminal equipment in the target terminal equipment set is positioned in different cells;

determining first control information of the target terminal equipment set based on the second channel state information, wherein the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of each terminal equipment in the target terminal equipment set is determined based on the second channel state information, a second constraint and a third constraint are determined based on the first constraint determined by the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of each terminal equipment in the target terminal equipment set and the maximum power of each terminal equipment in the target terminal equipment set, at least one beamforming vector of the target terminal equipment set is obtained by the third constraint, the third constraint is a limited buffer constraint, and the first control information is determined based on the at least one beamforming vector, and is used for beamforming the terminal equipment in the target terminal equipment set;

Determining second control information of the target terminal equipment set based on the first channel state information and the first control information, wherein at least one maximum transmission rate of each terminal equipment in the target terminal equipment set is obtained based on the first channel state information and the first control information, at least one throughput of the target frequency resource block is obtained based on the data amount of target data transmitted by each terminal equipment in the target terminal equipment set and the at least one maximum transmission rate, a frequency multiplexing mode corresponding to the throughput of the maximum target frequency resource block is selected as a multiplexing mode of the target frequency resource block, the second control information is determined based on the multiplexing mode, and the second control information multiplexes the information of the target frequency resource block for the terminal equipment in the target terminal equipment set; and is also provided with

And sending the first control information and the second control information to the communication node corresponding to at least one terminal device in the target terminal device set so as to schedule and beam form the at least one terminal device in the target terminal device set.

2. The multi-cell co-scheduling method of claim 1, wherein,

acquiring the delay time of the backhaul delay corresponding to the channel;

determining a first time range based on the time range of the terminal equipment for transmitting the target data;

determining a second time range based on the first time range and the delay time; and is also provided with

The second time is determined based on the second time range.

3. The multi-cell co-scheduling method of claim 1, wherein,

predicting the second channel state information based on the first channel state information and using a prediction model;

the predictive model includes a differentially integrated moving average autoregressive model.

4. The multi-cell co-scheduling method of claim 1, wherein,

selecting a first device multiplexing the target frequency resource block based on a scheduling algorithm;

calculating a first channel direction difference based on a channel of the first device and a channel of the terminal device not in the same cell as the first device in response to the terminal device not in the same cell as the first device being present, and selecting a second device multiplexing the target frequency resource block based on the first channel direction difference;

Calculating a second channel direction difference based on a channel of the first device, a channel of the second device, and a channel of the terminal device not in the same cell as the first device and the second device in response to the terminal device not in the same cell as the first device and the second device being present, and selecting a third device multiplexing the target frequency resource block based on the second channel direction difference; and is also provided with

And determining the target terminal device set based on the first device, the second device and the third device, wherein the first channel direction difference and the second channel direction difference are related to the degree of orthogonality between at least two of the channels.

5. The multi-cell collaborative scheduling method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that,

determining a maximum power allocation mode of the terminal equipment, wherein the maximum power allocation mode is that the maximum power of the terminal equipment positioned at the edge of a cell is twice the maximum power of the terminal equipment positioned at the center of the cell or the maximum power allocation mode is that the maximum power of all the terminal equipment multiplexing the target frequency resource block is the same;

Determining the maximum power of the terminal equipment based on the maximum power distribution mode and the preset maximum power of the target frequency resource block;

determining an instantaneous transmission rate corresponding to the terminal equipment based on the second channel state information and the maximum power of the terminal equipment;

determining the priority corresponding to the terminal equipment based on the instantaneous transmission rate; and is also provided with

And selecting one terminal device from the terminal devices communicated with the communication nodes of the cells based on the priority as a first terminal device in the target terminal device set.

6. The multi-cell co-scheduling method of claim 1, wherein,

the communication link between the communication node and the terminal equipment is a wireless link;

the communication link between the communication node and the central controller is a wired link.

7. A communication device comprising a processor and a memory, the processor executing a program stored in the memory to implement the multi-cell co-scheduling method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A computer readable storage medium storing at least one instruction that when executed by a processor implements the multi-cell co-scheduling method of any one of claims 1 to 6.