CN117177340A - Enhanced C-DRX parameter determination method and device - Google Patents
Enhanced C-DRX parameter determination method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for determining enhanced C-DRX parameters, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring additional delay constraint, wherein the additional delay constraint comprises a preset additional delay range and a preset probability range corresponding to the additional delay range; obtaining probability distribution of the additional delay according to the relation among the activation offset of the first monitoring period, the duration of the first monitoring period, the preset additional delay range and the video frame arrival jitter; determining a value range of the duration of a first monitoring period meeting the constraint of the additional time delay according to the probability distribution of the additional time delay; and determining the target duration of the first monitoring period in the value range, and determining the target duration as the duration of the first period for the target device to monitor the physical downlink control channel PDCCH in the enhanced C-DRX period. The invention solves the problem that the C-DRX parameter is not reasonably configured in the related technology.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of communication, in particular to a method and a device for determining enhanced C-DRX parameters.
Background
Augmented reality (XR) refers to a real and virtual combined, man-machine interactive environment created by computer technology and wearable devices, which includes Virtual Reality (VR), augmented Reality (AR), mixed Reality (MR), and other new immersive technologies that may arise from technological advances. With the continuous development of the construction of the global 5G network and the computer graphics and simulation technology, the augmented reality and Cloud Game (CG) are widely applied in the industries of medical treatment, education, entertainment, travel and the like.
Currently, XR applications have the following challenges to be resolved: firstly, the XR equipment needs to bear great power consumption, so that the problems of overheating, short service life of a battery and the like are caused, and the user experience is greatly influenced; secondly XR applications have stringent requirements on latency, which typically consist of 360 ° panoramic video, requiring a high bandwidth and low latency network to transmit rich video content. Thus, research on XR energy saving technology is necessary.
The XR energy saving technology is mainly improved on the basis of the 5G NR energy saving technology, for example, the C-DRX technology is used for reducing the duration of monitoring PDCCH by the UE so as to improve the energy consumption performance of the user equipment UE.
When the C-DRX technique is not used, the UE must be always active in order to decode data in the downlink that may arrive at any time. This means that the UE listens to the PDCCH every subframe even without data transmission, which would consume a lot of power consumption of the UE.
After the C-DRX technology is introduced, the UE periodically enters a dormant state without monitoring the PDCCH, so that the power consumption is reduced, and the service time of a battery is prolonged. C-DRX is also beneficial from a network perspective. If there is no C-DRX, the UE will very frequently send periodic CS I or SRS; in the dormant state, the UE is not allowed to send the CS I or SRS, so the gNB may allocate these resources to other UEs, thereby improving the resource utilization.
In conventional C-DRX technology, a base station configures a set of C-DRX parameters for a user equipment UE, including a DRX period (DRX Cyc l e), an OnDurate timer (DRX-onDurat I onTimer), an activation offset (DRX-S l otoffset), and an I nact iv-ity timer (DRX-I nact ivityT imer). Wherein, DRX Cyc l e determines the length of each DRX cycle; the onduration timer and the activation offset determine the time for which the UE remains in the active state, and if during this period the PDCCH is not monitored, the UE will go to sleep until the next onduration starts; the I nact iv-ity timer determines the duration that the UE remains active after listening to the PDCCH.
For specific C-DRX configuration, the video frame arrives at the base station gNB periodically, and due to the influence of network jitter and other factors, the time when the XR video frame arrives at the gNB will deviate to a certain extent, which presents a pseudo-period characteristic, that is, due to the uncertainty of jitter, the XR video frame may arrive at the gNB when the UE is in a dormant state.
The sleep state means that the UE does not monitor the PDCCH, and does not monitor the PDCCH, which means that any downlink data is not received, when the XR video frame arrives at the base station in the sleep state, the UE does not receive the XR video frame, and needs to wait for the UE to recover from the sleep state to the active state, i.e. the video frame that arrives at the base station in the current period needs to arrive at the next period before being received by the UE. In the related art, the energy-saving gain is obtained by reducing the duration of the PDCCH monitoring period, and if the duration of the PDCCH monitoring period in the C-DRX parameter is configured to be too small, the probability of the video frame arriving in the sleep state is further increased, so that the low-latency requirement of the XR service cannot be met.
Therefore, how to reasonably configure the C-DRX parameters in the related art to minimize the energy consumption under the condition of meeting the delay constraint is still yet to be further studied.
Aiming at the problem that the C-DRX parameters are not reasonably configured in the related art, no effective solution is proposed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for determining enhanced C-DRX parameters, which at least solve the problem that the C-DRX parameters are not reasonably configured in the related technology.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an enhanced C-DRX parameter determination method, including: acquiring additional delay constraint, wherein the additional delay constraint is constraint on additional delay, the additional delay is delay for a base station to wait for activation of target equipment, the additional delay constraint comprises a preset additional delay range and a preset probability range corresponding to the additional delay range, and the target equipment receives video frames based on enhanced C-DRX; obtaining probability distribution of additional delay according to the relation among the activation offset of the first monitoring period, the duration of the first monitoring period, the preset additional delay range and the video frame arrival jitter; determining a value range of the duration of the first monitoring period meeting the additional delay constraint according to the probability distribution of the additional delay; and determining the target duration of the first monitoring period in the value range, and determining the target duration as the duration of the first period for the target device to monitor the physical downlink control channel PDCCH in the enhanced C-DRX period.
There is also provided, in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for enhancing C-DRX parameters, including: the acquisition module is used for acquiring additional delay constraint, wherein the additional delay constraint is constraint on additional delay, the additional delay is delay for a base station to wait for activation of target equipment, the additional delay constraint comprises a preset additional delay range and a preset probability range corresponding to the additional delay range, and the target equipment receives video frames based on enhanced C-DRX; the probability distribution module is used for obtaining probability distribution of additional delay according to the relation among the activation offset of the first monitoring period, the duration of the first monitoring period, the preset additional delay range and the video frame arrival jitter; a first determining module, configured to determine, according to the probability distribution of the additional delay, a range of values of a duration of the first listening period that satisfies the additional delay constraint; and the second determining module is used for determining the target duration of the first monitoring period in the value range and determining the target duration as the duration of the first period for the target device to monitor the physical downlink control channel PDCCH in the enhanced C-DRX period.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, there is also provided a computer readable storage medium having stored therein a computer program, wherein the computer program is arranged to perform the steps of any of the method embodiments described above when run.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, there is also provided an electronic device comprising a memory having stored therein a computer program and a processor arranged to run the computer program to perform the steps of any of the method embodiments described above.
According to the method and the device, the probability distribution of the additional delay is determined according to the relation among the activation offset of the first monitoring period, the duration of the first monitoring period, the preset additional delay range and the video frame arrival jitter, the value range of the duration of the first monitoring period is determined according to the probability distribution of the additional delay, the target duration of the first monitoring period is determined in the value range, the target duration meets the additional delay constraint of a user, the problem that the C-DRX parameter is not reasonably configured in the related technology is solved, and the technical effect that the reasonable C-DRX parameter can be determined is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a mobile terminal hardware structure of an enhanced C-DRX parameter determination method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of an enhanced C-DRX parameter determination method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an enhanced C-DRX scheme in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of video frame arrival jitter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is another schematic diagram of an enhanced C-DRX scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 6 is a flow chart of a method of determining enhanced C-DRX parameters in accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a probability distribution of additional delays according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a probability density diagram of an additional delay according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an energy consumption evaluation result according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a block diagram of a configuration of an enhanced C-DRX parameter determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
The method embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present application may be performed in a mobile terminal, a computer terminal or similar computing device. Taking the operation on the mobile terminal as an example, fig. 1 is a block diagram of a mobile terminal hardware structure of an enhanced C-DRX parameter determination method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, a mobile terminal may include one or more (only one is shown in fig. 1) processors 102 (the processor 102 may include, but is not limited to, a microprocessor MCU or a processing device such as a programmable logic device FPGA) and a memory 104 for storing data, wherein the mobile terminal may also include a transmission device 106 for communication functions and an input-output device 108. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in fig. 1 is merely illustrative and not limiting of the structure of the mobile terminal described above. For example, the mobile terminal may also include more or fewer components than shown in fig. 1, or have a different configuration than shown in fig. 1.
The memory 104 may be used to store computer programs, such as software programs of application software and modules, such as computer programs corresponding to the enhanced C-DRX parameter determination method in the embodiment of the present application, and the processor 102 executes the computer programs stored in the memory 104 to perform various functional applications and data processing, i.e., implement the method described above. Memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some examples, the memory 104 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 102, which may be connected to the mobile terminal via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The transmission means 106 is arranged to receive or transmit data via a network. Specific examples of the network described above may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider of the mobile terminal. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a network adapter (Network I nterface Contro l l er, abbreviated NIC) that can communicate with other network equipment via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission device 106 may be a radio frequency (Rad i o Frequency, abbreviated as RF) module for communicating with the internet wirelessly.
In this embodiment, there is provided a method for determining an enhanced C-DRX parameter, and fig. 2 is a flowchart of the method for determining an enhanced C-DRX parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, where the flowchart includes the following steps:
step S202, acquiring additional delay constraint, wherein the additional delay constraint is constraint on additional delay, the additional delay is delay for a base station to wait for activation of target equipment, the additional delay constraint comprises a preset additional delay range and a preset probability range corresponding to the additional delay range, and the target equipment receives video frames based on enhanced C-DRX;
The target device is a device running an XR (augmented reality) application, the base station sends video frames to the target device, and the target device receives the video frames sent by the base station, wherein the video frames can be XR video frames.
In the above embodiment, the additional delay is a delay generated by the target device adopting the enhanced C-DRX scheme, specifically, the additional delay is a delay when the target device is not in an active state and needs to wait for the target to be activated, after the target device sends the XR video data to the target device, and the target device starts to receive the XR video data sent by the base station, that is, the base station waits for the target device to be activated.
The additional delay constraint is a constraint on the additional delay, and the additional delay constraint comprises a preset probability range and a preset delay range, wherein the preset delay range is D less than or equal to D, namely the additional delay of the target equipment is less than or equal to D, the preset probability range is P (D less than or equal to D) > Y, and D represents the additional delay in a C-DRX period.
The enhanced C-DRX scheme is improved according to the service characteristics of the extended reality XR on the basis of the traditional C-DRX. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an enhanced C-DRX scheme in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, T in the first row being the arrival period, T in the second and third rows being the enhanced C-DRX period, aligning the start boundary of each enhanced C-DRX period with the video frame arrival jitter lower bound (-J), configuring two listening periods in each enhanced C-DRX period, the first listening period corresponding to most of the data arrival, i.e., most of the enhanced C-DRX period listening to PDCCH during the first listening period corresponding to the shaded portion in the second row in FIG. 3, the duration of the first listening period being ODT 1 The activation offset of the first listening period is off 1 While during a small fraction of the enhanced C-DRX cycle, no PDCCH is monitored during the first listening period, an additional listening period (a second listening period) is turned on, and transmission of video frames is started after the PDCCH is monitored during the second listening period, the second listening period corresponding to the box in the second row of fig. 3, the second listening period being ODT in duration 2 The activation offset of the second listening period is off 2 The second listening period is only turned on during the second enhanced C-DRX cycle in fig. 3. After the target device successfully receives all PDSCH of the video frame and reports all ACKs, it will enter a sleep state until the first listening period in the next CDRX cycle arrives.
In the above embodiment, the enhanced C-DRX cycle is a cycle in the enhanced C-DRX scheme, in order to improve the energy saving gain, the duration of the first listening period in the enhanced C-DRX cycle needs to be reduced, and the delay, that is, the extra delay, is generated while the first listening period is reduced, so, since the extra delay generated by setting the duration of the first listening period needs to meet the low delay requirement, and the duration of the first listening period needs to be as small as possible, the user inputs the extra delay constraint that can be received by the user according to the actual requirement, and the probability that the extra delay generated in each C-DRX cycle is less than or equal to d is greater than Y.
Step S204, obtaining probability distribution of additional delay according to the relation among the activation offset of the first monitoring period, the duration of the first monitoring period, the preset additional delay range and the video frame arrival jitter;
in the present embodiment, the probability distribution of the additional delay is a probability distribution representing the probability P (d.ltoreq.d) of the additional delay being less than or equal to D with the duration of the first listening period.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of video frame arrival jitter according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the arrival period of a video frame at a base station is determined according to the frame rate of video, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, the data arrival period of XR video with a frame rate of 60 is about 16.67ms, and one arrival period is exemplified, if a video frame periodically arriving at the base station arrives at the base station at the time (first time) of jitter of 0, but due to network jitter, the time of arrival of the video frame at the base station will have a certain offset from the first time, the offset is represented by the video frame arrival jitter j, and the curve in each arrival period in FIG. 4 is the probability density of the video frame arrival jitter j, and in this embodiment, the video frame arrival jitter is modeled as a mean value of 0 and a standard deviation sigma jitter =2, upper bound is J, lower bound is a truncated gaussian distribution of-J.
Wherein the probability density function of jitter j is expressed as:
wherein,probability density function as a standard normal distribution, +.>Is a probability distribution function of a standard normal distribution.
The duration of the first listening period is recorded as ODT during an enhanced C-DRX cycle 1 ，ODT 1 The initial value range of (5) is [0,2J ]]The active offset of the first listening period is noted as off 1 The duration of the second listening period is noted as ODT 2 ,ODT 2 The value of (2) is a default preset value of a user or a system, and the activation offset of the second monitoring period is off 2 。
In this embodiment, the probability distribution of the extra delay is obtained according to the relation among the activation offset of the first listening period, the duration of the first listening period, the preset extra delay range, and the video frame arrival jitter. According to the additional time delay constraint input by the user and the different duration of the configured first monitoring period, the probability distribution of the additional time delay is determined to be different, namely the probability that the additional time delay is smaller than or equal to d is different.
Optionally, obtaining the probability distribution of the additional delay according to the relation among the activation offset of the first listening period, the duration of the first listening period, the preset additional delay range and the video frame arrival jitter includes: obtaining a probability distribution of additional delay according to the relation among the activation offset of the first monitoring period, the duration of the first monitoring period, the activation offset of a second monitoring period, the video frame arrival jitter and the preset additional delay range, wherein the second monitoring period is a second period of time in the enhanced C-DRX period when the target device monitors the physical downlink control channel PDCCH, and the second monitoring period is after the first monitoring period.
Fig. 5 is another schematic diagram of an enhanced C-DRX scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, taking an enhanced C-DRX cycle as an example, and recording that a video frame arrives at a base station at time t, where t is the time of the current time relative to the starting boundary of the enhanced C-DRX cycle, and the starting boundary of the CDRX cycle is located at the lower boundary (-J) where the video frame arrives at jitter, then there is t=j+j.
The activation offset of the first listening period is used to determine a starting time of the first listening period, i.e. a time interval between the starting time of the first listening period and a starting boundary of the CDRX period is equal to the activation offset of the first listening period; the activation offset of the first listening period is used to determine that the time interval between the start of the first listening period, i.e. the start of the second listening period and the start boundary of the CDRX period, is equal to the activation offset of the second listening period.
In order to enable the first listening period to receive more video frames, the center of the first listening period should be aligned to a jitter of 0, then there isTo ensure that video frames are all transmitted during the current enhanced C-DRX period, the start of the second listening period is determined to be at the upper bound of jitter (J), then there is an off 2 ＝2J。
The light grey box in fig. 5 corresponds to the listening period (onduration) in the C-DRX cycle, the light grey box in the second row being the first listening period, the light grey box in the third row
The (activity) and dashed box (not on) are the second listening period, the dark grey box in fig. 5 corresponds to the period of time the device remains active after listening to PDCCH in the current C-DRX cycle, and the black box (data reception) corresponds to the period of time the device receives video frames.
Specifically, according to the relation among the activation offset of the first listening period, the duration of the first listening period, the activation offset of the second listening period, the video frame arrival jitter and the preset additional delay range, obtaining the probability distribution of the additional delay includes:
video frame arrival jitter means that the time t e [0,2J ] of arrival of a video frame at a base station in one enhanced C-DRX cycle, the time of arrival of a video frame at a base station in one enhanced C-DRX cycle is divided into three cases, and then the additional delay due to the use of the enhanced C-DRX scheme is divided into three cases:
case 1: the video frame arrives before the first listening period, i.e. 0 < t < off 1 . The time the base station needs to wait for the target device to activate (the first listening period arrives) is: d=off 2 T, video frame arrival corresponding to the third cycle in fig. 5.
Case 2: the video frames arrive during the first listening period, i.e. off 1 ≤t＜off 1 +ODT 1 . At this time, the target device is in an active state, and no additional delay occurs, i.e., d=0, and the video frame corresponding to the first period in fig. 5 arrives.
Case 3: the video frame arrives after the first listening period, i.e. off 1 +ODT 1 T is more than or equal to 2J. At this time, the time for the base station to wait for the activation of the target device is: d=off 2 T, video frame arrival corresponding to the second period in fig. 5.
In summary, the additional delay D of the target device due to the use of the enhanced C-DRX scheme can be expressed as:
the probability distribution for the additional real time delay less than or equal to d is:
that is, when the video frame arrives at a truncated Gaussian distribution with jitter satisfying upper bound J and lower bound J, the activation offset of the first listening period is J- 1 / 2 ODT1, when the activation offset of the second listening period is 2J, the probability distribution of the additional delay is obtained by the following formula:
wherein D is an extra time delay, j is video frame arrival jitter, f (j) is a probability density function of the video frame arrival jitter, and ODT 1 D is the duration of the first monitoring period, D is less than or equal to D and is the preset additional delay range.
Step S206, determining a value range of the duration of the first monitoring period meeting the additional delay constraint according to the probability distribution of the additional delay;
in this embodiment, a value range of a duration of a first listening period satisfying the additional delay constraint is determined according to a probability distribution of the additional delay, that is, a value of a duration of the first listening period when the probability of the additional delay is greater than Y is determined as the value range of the duration of the first listening period;
step S208, determining a target duration of the first monitoring period in the value range, and determining the target duration as a duration of a first period in which the target device monitors the physical downlink control channel PDCCH in the enhanced C-DRX cycle.
In this embodiment, after determining the value range of the duration of the first listening period, determining the target duration of the first listening period in the value range, and determining the target duration as the duration of the first period in which the target device listens to the PDCCH in the enhanced C-DRX cycle.
In an optional embodiment, the determining the target duration of the first listening period in the range of values includes: and determining the value with the minimum value in the value range as the target duration.
In this embodiment, the shorter the duration of the first listening period is, the lower the energy consumption of the target device is, and by determining the minimum value in the value range as the target duration of the first listening period, the target device can minimize the energy consumption while satisfying the additional delay constraint.
After the target duration is determined as the duration of a first time period for the target device to monitor the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) in the enhanced C-DRX period, the method further comprises: and in the first monitoring period, under the condition that the target equipment does not monitor the physical downlink control channel PDCCH, the target equipment enters a dormant state.
In an alternative embodiment, after the target device enters the sleep state, the method further comprises: and determining the activation offset of the second monitoring period to be 2J, wherein J is the maximum value of the video frame arrival jitter, the activation offset of the second monitoring period is used for determining the starting time of the second monitoring period in the enhanced C-DRX period, and the starting time of the second monitoring period is the time when the target equipment starts monitoring the physical downlink control channel PDCCH.
In this embodiment, the second listening period is deployed at the upper bound of the arrival jitter, that is, the activation offset of the second listening period is 2J, and when the second listening period does not hear the PDCCH in the first listening period, the target device enters the sleep state after the end of the first listening period, waits for the arrival of the second listening period, and when the second listening period arrives, the target device resumes the activation state, starts to monitor the PDCCH in the second listening period, and the activation offset of the second listening period is 2J, so that it can be ensured that the video frame is transmitted in the current enhanced C-DRX cycle, and does not wait for the transmission in the next C-DRX cycle.
In an alternative embodiment, after determining the target duration of the first listening period within the range of values, the method further comprises:
the activation offset for the first listening period is determined by the following formula:
wherein J is the maximum value of jitter reached by video frames, ODT 1* And the target duration is the target duration.
In an alternative embodiment, J is the maximum value of jitter reached by the video frame, ODT 1* For the target duration, the activation bias of the first listening periodAnd the shift amount is used for determining the starting time of the first monitoring period in the enhanced C-DRX period, wherein the starting time is the time when the target equipment starts monitoring the physical downlink control channel PDCCH.
Through the embodiment, the probability distribution of the additional delay is determined according to the relation among the activation offset of the first monitoring period, the duration of the first monitoring period, the preset additional delay range and the video frame arrival jitter, the target duration of the first monitoring period is determined according to the probability distribution of the additional delay, the target duration meets the additional delay constraint of a user, the problem that the C-DRX parameter is not reasonably configured in the related technology is solved, and the technical effect that the reasonable C-DRX parameter can be determined is achieved.
In an alternative embodiment, after said determining the target duration of the first listening period within said range of values, the method further comprises: obtaining channel characteristics when the target equipment communicates with the base station, wherein the channel characteristics comprise: channel drying ratio gamma and transmission bandwidth B; and determining the average energy consumption of the enhanced C-DRX cycle according to the channel characteristics and the target duration.
In this embodiment, after determining the target duration of the first listening period, an average energy consumption of the target device in a configuration in which the target duration is used within the enhanced C-DRX cycle is determined.
In an alternative embodiment, determining the average energy consumption of the enhanced C-DRX cycle based on the channel characteristics and the target duration includes:
The average energy consumption of the enhanced C-DRX cycle is obtained by the following formula:
wherein P is A P, which is the relative energy consumption of the target device in the PDCCH monitoring state B P for the relative energy consumption of the target device in the data receiving state c For the relative power consumption of the target device in sleep, T is the C-DRX periodLength M is the average value of the video frame size, gamma is the channel drying ratio, B is the transmission bandwidth, and ODT 1* And the target duration is the target duration.
In the present embodiment, the average energy consumption of the target device when the target is used is calculated from the derived expression of the average energy consumption of the target device.
The derivation process of the expression of the average energy consumption is as follows:
the target devices are classified into three states: PDCCH monitoring state, data receiving state and dormant state, wherein the relative energy consumption of the PDCCH monitoring state is P A Relative energy consumption of data receiving state is P B Relative power consumption per ms for sleep state is P C The target device in the data receiving state comprises the energy consumption for monitoring the PDCCH and receiving the PDSCH.
The time t epsilon [0,2J ] of the video frame reaching the base station, the time of the video frame reaching the base station in one enhanced C-DRX cycle is divided into three cases, and then the device power consumption of the target device in one enhanced C-DRX cycle is divided into three cases:
Case 1: the video frame arrives before the first listening period, i.e. 0.ltoreq.t < off 1 . At this time, when the video frame arrives at the base station, the target device needs to wait for activation (the first listening period arrives) before the video frame is transmitted, and the sleep state is immediately entered after the transmission is completed. At this time, the target device starts video frame transmission only at the moment when the first listening period arrives, and after the transmission is completed, the target device goes into a sleep state until entering the next enhanced C-DRX cycle, and then the target device is only divided into the sleep state and a data receiving state in the current enhanced C-DRX cycle, where the duration of the data receiving state is the transmission time t of the video frame tran . The remaining time of the current enhanced C-DRX cycle is all dormant.
The target device's energy consumption during the current enhanced C-DRX cycle in this case is:
E＝t tran ·P B +(T-t tran )P C
case 2: the video frames arrive during the first listening period, i.e. off 1 ≤t＜off 1 +ODT 1 . At this time whenAfter the video frame arrives at the base station, the target equipment is in an active state, and can immediately transmit the video frame, and immediately enters a dormant state after the transmission is completed. At this time, the target device starts video frame transmission only at the time t when the video frame arrives at the base station, and after the transmission is completed, the target device performs a sleep state until entering the next enhanced C-DRX cycle, and then the current enhanced C-DRX cycle is divided into only the sleep state, a data receiving state, and a PDCCH monitoring state, where the duration of the data receiving state is the transmission time t of the video frame tran The duration of the PDCCH listening state is the period of time (t-off) between the start of the first listening period and the arrival of the video frame 1 ) The rest of the current enhanced C-DRX cycle is dormant.
The power consumption of the target device in the current C-DRX cycle in this case is:
E＝(t-off 1 )P A +t tran P B +[T-(t-off 1 )-t tran ]P C
case 3: the video frame arrives after the first listening period, i.e. off 1 +ODT 1 T is more than or equal to 2J. At this time, after the video frame arrives at the base station, the target device is in a sleep state, and needs to wait for an extra PDCCH monitoring period (second monitoring period) to arrive. At this time, the target device starts video frame transmission at the beginning of the second listening period, and after the transmission is completed, the target device performs a sleep state until entering the next enhanced C-DRX cycle, where the current enhanced C-DRX cycle is divided into a sleep state, a data reception state, and a PDCCH listening state, where the duration of the data reception state is the transmission time t of the video frame tran The duration of the PDCCH listening state is the duration of the first listening period, and the rest of the current enhanced C-DRX cycle is the dormant state.
The power consumption of the target device in the current C-DRX cycle in this case is:
E＝ODT 1 ·P A +t tran P B +[T-ODT 1 -t tran ]P C
in summary, the energy consumption of the target device in one enhanced C-DRX cycle can be expressed as:
The transmission time of the video frame can be obtained according to the video frame size z and the data transmission rate r, and is as follows:
when the base station transmits a video frame to the target device, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) is gamma, the transmission bandwidth is B, and the available data transmission rate according to the shannon formula is: r=blog 2 (1+γ)。
The energy consumption E in the enhanced C-DRX period is expected to be obtained by:
wherein the probability of arrival of a video frame within a time period [ a, b) is:
the average transmission time of the video frames is as follows:
the average arrival time of video frames arriving during the first listening period is:
in summary, the mathematical expectation of enhancing the energy consumption E within the C-DRX cycle can be expressed as:
considering the characteristics of truncated gaussian distribution, there are:
the mathematical expectation of enhancing the energy consumption E within the C-DRX cycle can ultimately be reduced to:
wherein the video frame size is modeled as a mean m=r×10 6 /(8F), R is the data rate of the video frame, and F is the frame rate. Standard deviation sigma size =10.5% m, upper bound Z max =150% m, lower bound Z min Truncated gaussian distribution =50% m. The probability density function of the video frame size z is therefore expressed as:
wherein,probability density function as a standard normal distribution, +.>Is a probability distribution function of a standard normal distribution.
Thus, after determining the target duration of the first listening period, the target duration ODT may be determined 1* Bringing the above-mentioned mathematical expectation final expression of the energy consumption E in the enhanced C-DRX cycle, results in the target duration of ODT in the first listening period 1* Average power consumption of the time-enhanced C-DRX cycle:
in an alternative embodiment, after the average power consumption of the enhanced C-DRX cycle, the method further comprises:
the power saving gain PSG of the enhanced C-DRX cycle is obtained by the following formula:
wherein P is A P for the relative energy consumption of the target device in the PDCCH monitoring state B P for the relative energy consumption of the target device in the data receiving state c And for the relative energy consumption of the target equipment in dormancy, T is the length of the C-DRX period, M is the average value of the video frame size, gamma is the channel drying ratio, and B is the transmission bandwidth.
In this embodiment, the AlwaysOn scheme, i.e., the target device, is always in an active state, in contrast to the enhanced C-DRX scheme, which does not use the power saving technique, as a reference scheme. The average energy consumption of the AlwaysOn protocol is:
thus, the enhanced C-DRX scheme achieves the following power saving gains compared to the A lwaysOn scheme:
it will be apparent that the embodiments described above are merely some, but not all, embodiments of the invention.
The invention is illustrated below with reference to examples:
the target equipment receives a video frame sent by a base station by adopting an enhanced C-DRX scheme, two groups of enhanced C-DRX parameters are configured for the enhanced C-DRX scheme of the target equipment, and a DRX period (DRX Cyc l e), a first OnDurate timer (DRX-onduration timer), an activation offset (DRX-S l otooffset) of the first OnDurate I on timer and an I-nact I timer (DRX-I nact ivityT imer) are configured for the first group of parameters; the second set of parameters configures a second OnDuration timer (drx-onDurat i onT imer), an activation offset (drx-Silotooffset) for the second OnDuration timer. The first onduration timer is started for a first onduration i on, corresponding to the first listening period, for receiving data (video frames) with jitter around 0, which can cope with most of the data arrival; the second set of parameters is used to turn on the extra PDCCH listening period, defaulting to an off state, which is only turned on when the onduration i on configured by the first set of parameters does not receive the corresponding video frame, i.e. the extra PDCCH listening period (second listening period) is turned on when the PDCCH is not monitored in the first listening period. Furthermore, enhanced C-DRX uses non-uniform periods. In order to further improve the energy saving gain, we introduce a go-to-s l keep mechanism in the enhanced C-DRX scheme, that is, after the UE successfully receives all PDSCH of the frame and reports all ACKs, it will end the onduration I on and the I nact iv timer, so as to directly enter the sleep state, where the I nact iv timer records the duration that the target device remains in the active state after the target device monitors the PDCCH.
Furthermore, enhanced C-DRX uses non-uniform periods. The data arrival period for XR traffic, e.g., 60 frames, is approximately 16.67ms, whereas the period for C-DRX can only be an integer multiple of milliseconds, resulting in an XR traffic arrival period that is not aligned with the C-DRX period. Thus, the enhanced C-DRX scheme in this embodiment uses non-uniform C-DRX periods {17,17,16} on the basis of conventional C-DRX, i.e., periods are sequentially selected from {17,17,16} during operation of the C-DRX mechanism to achieve one alignment of XR traffic with C-DRX every three periods (50 ms).
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method for determining enhanced C-DRX parameters, as shown in fig. 6, according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising the steps of:
in a cellular network, a device running an XR application is arranged, a base station transmits downlink XR video frames to the device, the frame rate is F, the data transmission rate is RMbps, and the size z of the video frames and the arrival jitter j of the video frames are subjected to truncated Gaussian distribution; the equipment performs downlink reception based on an enhanced C-DRX mechanism, and the transmission bandwidth is B under the assumption that the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio is gamma when the base station transmits data to the equipment;
according to the requirement of a user, inputting an additional delay constraint which can be received, namely, the probability that the additional delay is smaller than or equal to d is larger than Y;
Determining ODT satisfying constraint according to derived probability distribution of extra time delay 1 The value range of the first monitoring period in the C-DRX period is enhanced, wherein the minimum value is the optimal parameter of the first monitoring period, and the energy consumption of the equipment is minimum under the optimal parameter configuration;
the average energy consumption when using the optimal parameters is derived from the derived expression of the average energy consumption of the device and gives the energy saving gain achieved compared to the AlwaysOn scheme (without using energy saving techniques).
The derived probability distribution of the additional delay is:
after bringing the value of d in the extra time delay into the above formula, it is determined that the above formula is greater than ODT when Y 1 Of (a), i.e. the ODT satisfying the constraint 1 Is a range of values.
The derived expression of the average energy consumption of the device is:
using optimal parameter ODT 1* The average energy consumption at the time is:
the average energy consumption for the al waysOn protocol is:
using optimal parameter ODT 1* Average energy consumption at time compared to the energy saving gain achieved by the AlwaysOn scheme (without energy saving techniques):
in the simulation test environment, a base station and a device are simulated, and the device receives video frames sent by the base station by adopting an enhanced C-DRX scheme. Let the frame rate f=60, the data rate r=30 Mbps, the base station transmission bandwidth b=40 MHz, the signal to interference plus noise ratio γ=10 db, and the xr video frame jitter upper limit j=4 ms of the video frame transmitted by the base station. Setting the relative energy consumption P of PDCCH monitoring state A Data reception state relative power consumption p=100/ms B Sleep state relative power consumption p=300/ms C ＝45/ms。
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of probability distribution of an additional delay according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of probability density of an additional delay according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which an apparatus receives video frames transmitted from a base station using an enhanced C-DRX scheme, and applies ODT to the video frames 1 For 4ms simulation, the probability distribution (cumu latiuve distr ibution function, CDF) of the additional delay in (0, 2 ms) is shown in FIG. 7, the horizontal axis in FIG. 7 represents the additional delay constraint d, the vertical axis represents the probability that the additional delay is less than or equal to d, and the probability is shown in ODT 1 For 4ms simulation, the probability density (probabii l ity density function, PDF) of the additional delay at (0, 2 ms) is shown in fig. 8, where the horizontal axis in fig. 8 represents the additional delay D and the vertical axis represents the probability of the additional delay D. From the experimental results, the probability distribution of the additional delay given by the invention is basically consistent with the results obtained by Monte Carlo simulation, and the CDF of the additional delay is approximately proportional to the additional delay (the slope is 046 to 0.56).
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the energy consumption evaluation result according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9. From experimental results, it can be seen that the average energy consumption expression given by the present invention is substantially identical to the result obtained by the monte carlo simulation, and the average energy consumption is proportional to the duration of the first listening period. At this set of experimental parameters, the average energy consumption of the AlwaysOn protocol was about 2389. In contrast, enhanced C-DRX schemes can achieve a power saving gain of about 20.89% -29.97%.
For different additional delay constraints, the optimal parameters are obtained as shown in table 1. As can be seen from experimental results, the invention can output the optimal ODT according to the additional delay constraint input by the user 1 Parameters, minimizing the device energy consumption.
TABLE 1 optimal parameters under different additional delay distribution constraints
Under the constraint of additional delay (2,0.9), different ODT 1 The performance of the device under the parameters is shown in table 2. From the experimental results, it can be seen that the optimal parameter ODT 1 =2.9 ms can minimize device power consumption if additional latency constraints are met. Selecting ODT of more than 2.9ms 1 While additional latency constraints can be met, the energy consumed by the device is not minimal; and selecting ODT of less than 2.9ms 1 Additional delay constraints will not be satisfied.
TABLE 2 different ODT under additional latency (2,0.9) constraint 1 Is (are) evaluated according to the evaluation results of
| ODT 1 | Average energy consumption | Energy saving gain (%) | P(D≤2) |
| 2.9 (optimal) | 1751 | 26.71％ | 90.04％ |
| 3.9 | 1779 | 25.56％ | 99.21％ |
| 1.9 | 1724 | 27.86％ | 78.41％ |
From the description of the above embodiments, it will be clear to a person skilled in the art that the method according to the above embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform, but of course also by means of hardware, but in many cases the former is a preferred embodiment. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (e.g. ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) comprising instructions for causing a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
There is also provided an enhanced C-DRX parameter determining apparatus in this embodiment, and fig. 10 is a block diagram of an enhanced C-DRX parameter determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 10, including:
an obtaining module 1002, configured to obtain an additional delay constraint, where the additional delay constraint is a constraint on an additional delay, the additional delay is a delay for a base station to wait for activation of a target device, the additional delay constraint includes a preset additional delay range and a preset probability range that the additional delay falls into the additional delay range, and the target device receives a video frame based on enhanced C-DRX;
a probability distribution module 1004, configured to obtain a probability distribution of an additional delay according to a relationship between an activation offset of a first listening period, a duration of the first listening period, the preset additional delay range, and an arrival jitter of the video frame;
a first determining module 1006, configured to determine, according to the probability distribution of the additional delay, a range of values of a duration of the first listening period that satisfies the additional delay constraint;
the second determining module 1008 is configured to determine a target duration of the first listening period within the value range, and determine the target duration as a duration of a first period of time during which the target device listens to the physical downlink control channel PDCCH in the enhanced C-DRX cycle.
In an alternative embodiment, the second determining module is configured to determine the target duration of the first listening period within the range of values by: and determining the value with the minimum value in the value range as the target duration.
In an optional embodiment, the probability distribution module is configured to obtain a probability distribution of an additional delay according to a relationship among the activation offset of the first listening period, the duration of the first listening period, the activation offset of a second listening period, the video frame arrival jitter, and the preset additional delay range, where the second listening period is a second period of time during which the target device listens to the physical downlink control channel PDCCH in the enhanced C-DRX cycle, and the second listening period is after the first listening period.
In an alternative embodiment, the probability scoreThe distribution module is used for realizing truncated Gaussian distribution with upper bound J and lower bound J when the video frame arrives at jitter, and the activation offset of the first monitoring period is J- 1 / 2 ODT 1 When the activation offset of the second listening period is 2J, the probability distribution of the additional delay is obtained by the following formula:
Wherein D is the additional delay, j is the video frame arrival jitter, f (j) is the probability density function of the video frame arrival jitter, and ODT 1 D is the duration of the first monitoring period, D is less than or equal to D and is the preset additional delay range.
In an optional embodiment, the foregoing apparatus is further configured to, after the determining the target duration is a duration of a first period of time for which the target device listens to the physical downlink control channel PDCCH in the enhanced C-DRX cycle, perform, in a case where the target device does not hear the physical downlink control channel PDCCH in the first listening period, entering a sleep state.
In an optional embodiment, the foregoing apparatus is further configured to monitor, after the target device enters the sleep state, the physical downlink control channel PDCCH by the target device when a second monitoring period within the enhanced C-DRX cycle arrives, where an activation offset of the second monitoring period is 2j, where j is a maximum value of video frame arrival jitter.
In an optional embodiment, the foregoing apparatus is further configured to determine an activation offset of the second listening period to be 2J, where J is a maximum value of jitter reached by a video frame, where the activation offset of the second listening period is used to determine a starting time of the second listening period in the enhanced C-DRX cycle, where the starting time of the second listening period is a time when the target device starts listening to a physical downlink control channel PDCCH.
In an alternative embodiment, the above apparatus is further configured to determine, after determining the target duration of the first listening period within the range of values, an activation offset of the first listening period by the following formula:
wherein J is the maximum value of jitter reached by video frames, ODT 1* And for the target duration, the activation offset of the first monitoring period is used for determining a starting time of the first monitoring period in the enhanced C-DRX cycle, where the starting time is a time when the target device starts monitoring a physical downlink control channel PDCCH.
In an optional embodiment, the foregoing apparatus is further configured to obtain a channel characteristic when the target device communicates with the base station after determining the target duration of the first listening period in the range of values, where the channel characteristic includes: channel drying ratio gamma and transmission bandwidth B; and determining the average energy consumption of the enhanced C-DRX cycle according to the channel characteristics and the target duration.
In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus is further configured to determine an average energy consumption of the enhanced C-DRX cycle according to the channel characteristics and the target duration by: the average energy consumption of the enhanced C-DRX cycle is obtained by the following formula:
Wherein P is A P, which is the relative energy consumption of the target device in the PDCCH monitoring state B P for the relative energy consumption of the target device in the data receiving state c For the relative energy consumption of the target device in sleep, T is the length of the C-DRX period, M is the average value of the video frame size, gamma is the channel drying ratio, B is the transmission bandwidth, and ODT 1* And the target duration is the target duration.
In an alternative embodiment, the above apparatus is further configured to obtain the power saving gain PSG of the enhanced C-DRX cycle after the average power consumption of the enhanced C-DRX cycle by the following formula:
wherein P is A P for the relative energy consumption of the target device in the PDCCH monitoring state B P for the relative energy consumption of the target device in the data receiving state c And for the relative energy consumption of the target equipment in dormancy, T is the length of the C-DRX period, M is the average value of the video frame size, gamma is the channel drying ratio, and B is the transmission bandwidth.
It should be noted that each of the above modules may be implemented by software or hardware, and for the latter, it may be implemented by, but not limited to: the modules are all located in the same processor; alternatively, the above modules may be located in different processors in any combination.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored therein, wherein the computer program is arranged to perform the steps of any of the method embodiments described above when run.
In one exemplary embodiment, the computer readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to: a usb disk, a Read-On-y Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing a computer program.
An embodiment of the invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory having stored therein a computer program and a processor arranged to run the computer program to perform the steps of any of the method embodiments described above.
In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic apparatus may further include a transmission device connected to the processor, and an input/output device connected to the processor.
Specific examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the foregoing embodiments and the exemplary implementation, and this embodiment is not described herein.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the invention described above may be implemented in a general purpose computing device, they may be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed across a network of computing devices, they may be implemented in program code executable by computing devices, so that they may be stored in a storage device for execution by computing devices, and in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than that shown or described herein, or they may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps of them may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An enhanced C-DRX parameter determination method, comprising:
Acquiring additional delay constraint, wherein the additional delay constraint is constraint on additional delay, the additional delay is delay for a base station to wait for activation of target equipment, the additional delay constraint comprises a preset additional delay range and a preset probability range corresponding to the additional delay range, and the target equipment receives video frames based on enhanced C-DRX;
obtaining probability distribution of additional delay according to the relation among the activation offset of the first monitoring period, the duration of the first monitoring period, the preset additional delay range and the video frame arrival jitter;
determining a value range of the duration of the first monitoring period meeting the additional delay constraint according to the probability distribution of the additional delay;
and determining the target duration of the first monitoring period in the value range, and determining the target duration as the duration of the first period for the target device to monitor the physical downlink control channel PDCCH in the enhanced C-DRX period.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the target duration of the first listening period within the range of values comprises:
And determining the value with the minimum value in the value range as the target duration.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein deriving the probability distribution of the additional delay based on a relationship between the activation offset of the first listening period, the duration of the first listening period, the predetermined additional delay range, and the video frame arrival jitter comprises:
obtaining a probability distribution of additional delay according to the relation among the activation offset of the first monitoring period, the duration of the first monitoring period, the activation offset of a second monitoring period, the video frame arrival jitter and the preset additional delay range, wherein the second monitoring period is a second period of time in the enhanced C-DRX period when the target device monitors the physical downlink control channel PDCCH, and the second monitoring period is after the first monitoring period.
4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that when the video frame arrives at a truncated gaussian distribution with jitter satisfying an upper bound J and a lower bound-J, the video frame arrives at a truncated gaussian distributionThe activation offset of the first monitoring period is J-1/2ODT 1 When the activation offset of the second listening period is 2J, the probability distribution of the additional delay is obtained by the following formula:
Wherein D is the additional delay, j is the video frame arrival jitter, f (j) is the probability density function of the video frame arrival jitter, and ODT 1 D is the duration of the first monitoring period, D is less than or equal to D and is the preset additional delay range.
5. The method of claim 1, after the determining the target duration as a duration of a first period of time during which a target device listens to a physical downlink control channel PDCCH within an enhanced C-DRX cycle, the method further comprises:
and in the first monitoring period, under the condition that the target equipment does not monitor the physical downlink control channel PDCCH, the target equipment enters a dormant state.
6. The method of claim 4, after determining the target duration of the first listening period within the range of values, the method further comprising:
and determining the activation offset of the second monitoring period as 2J, wherein the activation offset of the second monitoring period is used for determining the starting time of the second monitoring period in the enhanced C-DRX period, and the starting time of the second monitoring period is the time when the target equipment starts monitoring a physical downlink control channel PDCCH.
7. The method of claim 4, after determining the target duration of the first listening period within the range of values, the method further comprising:
the activation offset for the first listening period is determined by the following formula:
wherein the ODT is 1* And for the target duration, the activation offset of the first monitoring period is used for determining a starting time of the first monitoring period in the enhanced C-DRX cycle, where the starting time is a time when the target device starts monitoring a physical downlink control channel PDCCH.
8. An enhanced C-DRX parameter determination apparatus, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring additional delay constraint, wherein the additional delay constraint is constraint on additional delay, the additional delay is delay for a base station to wait for activation of target equipment, the additional delay constraint comprises a preset additional delay range and a preset probability range corresponding to the additional delay range, and the target equipment receives video frames based on enhanced C-DRX;
the probability distribution module is used for obtaining probability distribution of additional delay according to the relation among the activation offset of the first monitoring period, the duration of the first monitoring period, the preset additional delay range and the video frame arrival jitter;
A first determining module, configured to determine, according to the probability distribution of the additional delay, a range of values of a duration of the first listening period that satisfies the additional delay constraint;
and the second determining module is used for determining the target duration of the first monitoring period in the value range and determining the target duration as the duration of the first period for the target device to monitor the physical downlink control channel PDCCH in the enhanced C-DRX period.
9. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored in the computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any of the claims 1 to 7.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 when the computer program is executed.
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