CN117175023A - Preparation process of battery monomer, battery and electricity utilization device - Google Patents
Preparation process of battery monomer, battery and electricity utilization device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117175023A CN117175023A CN202311425929.4A CN202311425929A CN117175023A CN 117175023 A CN117175023 A CN 117175023A CN 202311425929 A CN202311425929 A CN 202311425929A CN 117175023 A CN117175023 A CN 117175023A
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- electrolyte
- electrode assembly
- battery cell
- battery
- insulating film
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- MYWOJODOMFBVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,6-trimethylphenanthrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C2C3=CC(C)=CC=C3C=CC2=C1C MYWOJODOMFBVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RBBXSUBZFUWCAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl hydrogen sulfite Chemical compound OS(=O)OC=C RBBXSUBZFUWCAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZQMHJBXHRFJKOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(1-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)diazenyl]-2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(=O)OC ZQMHJBXHRFJKOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[S] Chemical compound [Li].[S] JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 firstly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a preparation process of a battery monomer, the battery monomer, a battery and an electric device, wherein the preparation process of the battery monomer comprises the following steps: baking the electrode assembly; mixing the baked electrode assembly with electrolyte containing a monomer and a free radical initiator, and performing activation treatment to obtain a semi-finished product containing gel electrolyte; and coating an insulating film outside the semi-finished product. The insulating film plays an insulating and isolating role between the semi-finished product and the inner wall of the shell, the semi-finished product is in a gel state, the degree of freedom of the electrolyte can be reduced on the basis of ensuring that the electrolyte and the electrode assembly are fully immersed, the electrolyte is more stably coated in the insulating film, the probability that the electrolyte moves between the electrode assembly and the inner wall of the shell to conduct a loop between the electrode assembly and the shell is reduced, and the voltage breakdown resistance of a battery monomer is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a preparation process of a battery monomer, the battery monomer, a battery and an electric device.
Background
In the practical use process, the problem of insulation failure of the battery cell often occurs. When the battery monomer is in insulation failure, conduction is easy to occur between the electrode assembly and the shell in the battery monomer, so that the voltage breakdown resistance of the battery monomer is reduced, and the failure risk of the battery monomer is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a manufacturing process of a battery cell, a battery and an electric device, aiming at the problem that the current battery cell is easy to generate insulation failure, thereby reducing the voltage breakdown resistance of the battery cell.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a process for preparing a battery cell, comprising the steps of:
baking the electrode assembly;
mixing the baked electrode assembly with electrolyte containing monomers and free radical initiator, and activating to obtain a semi-finished product containing gel electrolyte;
and coating an insulating film outside the semi-finished product.
Through the steps, firstly, monomers and free radical initiator are added into the electrode assembly mixed with electrolyte, then, a semi-finished product containing gel electrolyte is obtained after activation treatment, and an insulating film is coated outside the semi-finished product.
In some embodiments, the monomer includes one or more of vinyl sulfite, methyl methacrylate, and pentaerythritol tetraacrylate.
In some embodiments, the free radical initiator comprises one or more of azobisisobutyronitrile, dimethyl azobisisobutyrate, and azobisisoheptonitrile.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of free radical initiator to monomer ranges from 1:1 to 1:10.
In some embodiments, in the step of mixing the baked electrode assembly with an electrolyte containing a monomer and a free radical initiator, and performing an activation treatment to obtain a semi-finished product containing a gel electrolyte, the method specifically comprises:
the activation treatment adopts high temperature treatment and/or ultraviolet activation treatment.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the high temperature treatment is in the range of 50 ℃ to 100 ℃; and/or the time of the high-temperature treatment is in the range of 0.5h to 12h.
In some embodiments, the time period of the ultraviolet activation process is in the range of 5s to 300s.
In some embodiments, the insulating film has an air permeability of no greater than 10L/(m 2 ∙ h) at 0.1 MPa.
In some embodiments, after the step of overcladding the semi-finished product with the insulating film, the method further comprises the steps of:
and placing the semi-finished product coated with the insulating film into a shell, and welding and sealing to obtain the battery cell.
In some embodiments, before the step of baking the electrode assembly, the method further comprises the step of:
and sequentially stacking and winding the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet to obtain the electrode assembly.
In a second aspect, the present application also provides a battery cell, including:
an electrode assembly;
a gel state electrolyte; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system
And the insulating film is coated outside the electrode assembly and the gel electrolyte.
In some embodiments, the air permeability of the insulating film is no greater than 10L/(m) under 0.1MPa 2 ∙24h)。
In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a case in which the electrode assembly coated with the insulating film and the gel state electrolyte are accommodated.
In some embodiments, the battery cell further comprises an end cap sealing an opening disposed in the housing;
wherein, electrode terminals and explosion-proof valves are formed on the end cover, and other areas except for the electrode terminals and the explosion-proof valves on the end cover are constructed as continuously arranged closed planes.
In a third aspect, the application also provides a battery comprising a battery cell as described above.
In a fourth aspect, the application also provides an electric device comprising a battery as described above.
According to the preparation process of the battery monomer, the battery and the electric device, the monomer and the free radical initiator are added into the electrode assembly mixed with the electrolyte, then the semi-finished product containing the gel electrolyte is obtained after activation treatment, the semi-finished product is coated with the insulating film, when the semi-finished product coated with the insulating film is placed in the shell, the insulating film plays a role in insulating isolation between the semi-finished product and the inner wall of the shell, the electrolyte is in a gel state, so that the electrolyte is coated in the insulating film more stably, the probability that the electrolyte moves between the electrode assembly and the inner wall of the shell to conduct a loop between the electrode assembly and the shell is reduced, and the voltage breakdown resistance of the battery monomer is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle according to one or more embodiments.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery according to one or more embodiments.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to one or more embodiments.
Fig. 4 is a flow diagram of a process for preparing a battery cell according to one or more embodiments.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1000. a vehicle; 100. a battery; 200. a controller; 300. a motor; 10. a case; 20. a battery cell; 11. a first portion; 12. a second portion; 21. an end cap; 22. a housing; 23. an electrode assembly; 21a, electrode terminals.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the application will be readily understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. The present application may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, whereby the application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that, if any, these terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., are used herein with respect to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, these terms refer to the orientation or positional relationship for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the terms "plurality" and "a plurality" if any, mean at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present application, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly. For example, the two parts can be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the meaning of a first feature being "on" or "off" a second feature, and the like, is that the first and second features are either in direct contact or in indirect contact through an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
It will be understood that if an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. If an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein, if any, are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent a unique embodiment.
Currently, the application of power batteries is more widespread from the development of market situation. The power battery is not only applied to energy storage power supply systems such as hydraulic power, firepower, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely applied to electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric automobiles and other fields. With the continuous expansion of the application field of the power battery, the market demand of the power battery is also continuously expanding.
The battery is composed of one or more battery cells, each of which is constructed in a structure including an end cap, a case, an electrode assembly, and other functional parts. Wherein the electrode assemblies are components of the battery cell in which electrochemical reactions occur, and one or more electrode assemblies may be disposed in the case. The electrode assembly is mainly formed by winding or stacking a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, and a separator is generally provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet having the active material constitute the main body portion of the electrode assembly, and the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet having no active material constitute the tabs, respectively. The positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab may be located at one end of the main body portion together or located at two ends of the main body portion respectively. During charge and discharge of the battery, the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material react with the electrolyte, and the tab is connected with the electrode terminal to form a current loop.
In the process of assembling the battery cells, the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet are sequentially stacked in order and wound to form an electrode assembly. The outside of the electrode assembly is coated with an insulating film, then the electrode assembly is put into the shell, the end cover is arranged at the opening of the shell in a sealing way, and then electrolyte is filled into the shell through the liquid injection port on the end cover, so that the electrolyte can fully infiltrate the electrode assembly.
Thus, in the assembled battery cell, a part of the electrolyte in a free state is located between the insulating film outside the electrode assembly and the inner wall of the case.
In addition, during the assembly or use of the battery cell, the insulating film may be broken due to burrs or other structures on the electrode assembly or the case, and also during the insertion into the case. After the insulating film breaks, a loop between the electrode assembly and the shell can be conducted by means of free electrolyte between the insulating film and the inner wall of the shell, so that the insulating failure of the battery monomer is caused, the voltage breakdown resistance of the battery monomer is reduced, and the risk of failure of the battery monomer exists.
In order to solve the problem that the voltage breakdown capability of the battery monomer is reduced due to the fact that the conventional battery monomer is easy to generate insulation failure, one or more embodiments of the application provide a preparation process of the battery monomer, firstly, monomer and free radical initiator are added into an electrode assembly mixed with electrolyte, then, a semi-finished product containing gel-state electrolyte is obtained after activation treatment, and an insulating film is coated outside the semi-finished product.
The battery cell disclosed by the embodiment of the application can be used in electric devices such as vehicles, ships or aircrafts, but is not limited to the electric devices. The embodiment of the application provides an electric device using a battery as a power supply, wherein the electric device can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft and the like. Among them, the electric toy may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game machines, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric plane toys, and the like, and the spacecraft may include planes, rockets, space planes, and spacecraft, and the like.
For convenience of description, the following embodiment will take an electric device according to an embodiment of the present application as an example of the vehicle 1000.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 according to some embodiments of the application. The vehicle 1000 may be a fuel oil vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or a range-extended vehicle. The battery 100 is provided in the interior of the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom or the head or the tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 may be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300, the controller 200 being configured to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for operating power requirements during start-up, navigation, and travel of the vehicle 1000.
In some embodiments of the present application, battery 100 may not only serve as an operating power source for vehicle 1000, but may also serve as a driving power source for vehicle 1000, instead of or in part instead of fuel oil or natural gas, to provide driving power for vehicle 1000.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery 100 according to some embodiments of the present application. The battery 100 includes a case 10 and a battery cell 20, and the battery cell 20 is accommodated in the case 10. The case 10 is used to provide an accommodating space for the battery cell 20, and the case 10 may have various structures. In some embodiments, the case 10 may include a first portion 11 and a second portion 12, the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 being overlapped with each other, the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 together defining an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cell 20. The second portion 12 may be a hollow structure with one end opened, the first portion 11 may be a plate-shaped structure, and the first portion 11 covers the opening side of the second portion 12, so that the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 together define a containing space; the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may be hollow structures each having an opening at one side, and the opening side of the first portion 11 is engaged with the opening side of the second portion 12. Of course, the case 10 formed by the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, or the like.
In the battery 100, the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series, parallel or a series-parallel connection, wherein the series-parallel connection refers to that the plurality of battery cells 20 are connected in series or parallel. The plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel, and then the whole formed by the plurality of battery cells 20 is accommodated in the box 10; of course, the battery 100 may also be a battery module formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells 20 in series or parallel or series-parallel connection, and a plurality of battery modules are then connected in series or parallel or series-parallel connection to form a whole and are accommodated in the case 10. The battery 100 may further include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may further include a bus member for making electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 20.
Wherein each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; but not limited to, lithium sulfur batteries, sodium ion batteries, or magnesium ion batteries. The battery cell 20 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes, etc.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell 20 according to some embodiments of the present application. The battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit constituting the battery. As shown in fig. 3, the battery cell 20 includes an end cap 21, a case 22, an electrode assembly 23, and other functional components.
The end cap 21 refers to a member that is covered at the opening of the case 22 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. Without limitation, the shape of the end cap 21 may be adapted to the shape of the housing 22 to fit the housing 22. Optionally, the end cover 21 may be made of a material (such as an aluminum alloy) with a certain hardness and strength, so that the end cover 21 is not easy to deform when being extruded and collided, so that the battery cell 20 can have higher structural strength, and the safety performance can be improved. The end cap 21 may be provided with a functional member such as an electrode terminal 21 a. The electrode terminal 21a may be used to be electrically connected with the electrode assembly 23 for outputting or inputting electric power of the battery cell 20. In some embodiments, the end cap 21 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for relieving the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold. The material of the end cap 21 may be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, insulation may also be provided on the inside of the end cap 21, which may be used to isolate electrical connection components within the housing 22 from the end cap 21 to reduce the risk of short circuits. By way of example, the insulation may be plastic, rubber, or the like.
The case 22 is an assembly for cooperating with the end cap 21 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 20, wherein the formed internal environment may be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 23, the electrolyte, and other components. The case 22 and the end cap 21 may be separate members, and an opening may be provided in the case 22, and the interior of the battery cell 20 may be formed by covering the opening with the end cap 21 at the opening. It is also possible to integrate the end cap 21 and the housing 22, but specifically, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 may form a common connection surface before other components are put into the housing, and when it is necessary to encapsulate the inside of the housing 22, the end cap 21 is then put into place with the housing 22. The housing 22 may be of various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, cylindrical, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the case 22 may be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23. The material of the housing 22 may be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
The electrode assembly 23 is a component in which electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 20. One or more electrode assemblies 23 may be contained within the housing 22. The electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, and a separator is generally provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet having the active material constitute the main body portion of the electrode assembly, and the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet having no active material constitute the tabs, respectively. The positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab may be located at one end of the main body portion together or located at two ends of the main body portion respectively. During charge and discharge of the battery, the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material react with the electrolyte, and the tab is connected with the electrode terminal to form a current loop.
Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present application provides a process for preparing a battery cell, which includes the following steps:
s10: baking the electrode assembly.
Specifically, the electrode assembly is placed in an environment of 70-120 ℃ and baked for a period of time, so that moisture in the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate in the electrode assembly can be removed, and the influence of moisture or other impurities in the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate is reduced.
Wherein, in the process of baking the electrode assembly, the moisture content in the electrode assembly can be continuously detected until the moisture content in the electrode assembly is reduced to the target range.
S20: and mixing the baked electrode assembly with electrolyte containing a monomer and a free radical initiator, and performing activation treatment to obtain a semi-finished product containing gel electrolyte.
Specifically, the baked electrode assembly and the electrolyte are mixed according to a certain proportion, so that the electrolyte can be adsorbed in the pores of the positive plate and the negative plate and the surface of the diaphragm, and the electrolyte fully infiltrates the electrode assembly.
Alternatively, the electrode assembly may be mixed with the electrolyte in such a manner that the electrolyte is first filled into the electrode assembly so that the electrolyte can be sufficiently adsorbed in the pores of the positive and negative electrode sheets and the surface of the separator. Then, the electrode assembly soaked with the electrolyte is filled with the monomer and the free radical initiator, so that the mixed solution of the monomer and the free radical initiator can be fully filled. And then, the electrolyte filled in the electrode assembly is solidified through an activation treatment, so that a semi-finished product containing gel-state electrolyte is obtained.
Therefore, after the electrode assembly is assembled to form the battery cell, in the charging and discharging process of the battery cell, the positive electrode active material on the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode active material on the negative electrode plate can smoothly react with the electrolyte, so that a current loop is smoothly formed between the electrode lug and the electrode terminal on the end cover.
Further, during the mixing of the electrode assembly and the electrolyte, the degree of wetting of the electrolyte may be monitored by means of detection or observation until the electrolyte is sufficiently wetted.
The gel state refers to an elastic semisolid state having a fixed structure and a fixed elasticity and deformability. The degree of freedom of the gel state is lower than that of the liquid state, and the probability of movement between the electrode assembly and the inner wall of the case can be reduced.
S30: and coating an insulating film outside the semi-finished product.
The insulating film can play an insulating and isolating role between the semi-finished product and the shell, and further reduces the probability of electrolyte moving between the insulating film and the inner wall of the shell.
In addition, the insulating film can be coated outside the semi-finished product in a plastic packaging mode, or a containing groove with five sides sealed and one side open can be formed in advance by the insulating film, and the semi-finished product can be placed in the containing groove. The tab in the semi-finished product can extend out through one side of the opening of the accommodating groove and is connected with the electrode terminal on the end cover.
Through the steps, firstly, monomers and free radical initiator are added into the electrode assembly mixed with electrolyte, then, a semi-finished product containing gel electrolyte is obtained after activation treatment, and an insulating film is coated outside the semi-finished product.
In some embodiments, the monomer includes one or more of vinyl sulfite, methyl methacrylate, and pentaerythritol tetraacrylate.
Further, the free radical initiator includes one or more of azobisisobutyronitrile, dimethyl azobisisobutyrate, and azobisisoheptonitrile.
The monomer and the free radical initiator can jointly act on the electrode assembly mixed with the electrolyte and undergo a crosslinking reaction so as to obtain a semi-finished product containing gel-state electrolyte, so that on one hand, the electrolyte and the electrode assembly can be stably contacted, and on the other hand, the probability that the electrolyte moves between the insulating film and the inner wall of the shell to cause insulation failure of the battery monomer can be reduced.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of free radical initiator to monomer ranges from 1:1 to 1:10.
As examples, the mass ratio of free radical initiator to monomer may be 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, or 1:10.
Thus, the radical initiator and the monomer are allowed to act together on the electrode assembly mixed with the electrolyte solution, and a semi-finished product containing the gel state electrolyte can be smoothly formed.
In some embodiments, in the step S20 of mixing the baked electrode assembly with an electrolyte containing a monomer and a radical initiator, and performing an activation treatment to obtain a semi-finished product containing a gel electrolyte, the method specifically includes:
the activation treatment adopts high temperature treatment and/or ultraviolet activation treatment.
Specifically, after the radical initiator and the monomer are added to the electrode assembly mixed with the electrolyte, the radical initiator and the monomer are smoothly reacted with the electrolyte by high-temperature treatment or ultraviolet activation treatment, thereby smoothly obtaining the electrolyte in a gel state.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the high temperature treatment is in the range of 50 ℃ to 100 ℃. And/or the time of the high-temperature treatment is in the range of 0.5h to 12h.
Specifically, in the process of performing high-temperature treatment on the electrode assembly, the monomer and the free radical initiator mixed with the electrolyte, the electrode assembly, the monomer and the free radical initiator are placed in an environment with the temperature of 50-100 ℃ for 0.5-12 h, so that a semi-finished product containing gel-state electrolyte is formed smoothly.
As an example, the temperature of the high temperature treatment may be 50 ℃, 55 ℃, 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃, 85 ℃, 90 ℃, 95 ℃, or 100 ℃.
As an example, the time of the high temperature treatment may be 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h, 2h, 2.5h, 3h, 3.5h, 4h, 4.5h, 5h, 5.5h, 6h, 6.5h, 7h, 7.5h, 8h, 8.5h, 9h, 9.5h, 10h, 10.5h, 11h, 11.5h, or 12h.
In some embodiments, the time period of the ultraviolet activation process is in the range of 5s to 300s.
As an example, the time of the ultraviolet activation treatment may be 5s, 35s, 65s, 95s, 125s, 155s, 185s, 215s, 245s, 275s, or 300s.
In some embodiments, the air permeability of the insulating film is no greater than 10L/(m) under 0.1MPa 2 ∙24h)。
It should be noted that, the conventional insulating film has many holes, or needs to be provided with through holes, and when the insulating film is coated outside the electrode assembly and placed in the casing, the casing is filled with the electrolyte, and at this time, the electrolyte needs to circulate between the positive and negative electrode plates by means of the through holes on the insulating film, so that the electrolyte can be fully infiltrated.
However, in the above-described liquid injection process, the electrolyte can move from one side of the electrode assembly through the insulating film to between the insulating film and the inner wall of the case through the pores in the insulating film. Therefore, part of electrolyte is dissociated between the insulating film and the inner wall of the shell, when the insulation of the battery monomer fails, the electrode assembly and the shell conduct a circuit under the action of the dissociated electrolyte, so that the voltage breakdown resistance of the battery monomer is reduced, and the failure risk of the battery monomer is improved.
Therefore, in the present application, the air permeability of the insulating film was controlled to 10L/(m) under 0.1MPa 2 ∙ 24 h) and 10L/(m) 2 ∙ 24 h), the probability that the electrolyte moves between the insulating film and the inner wall of the shell through the insulating film can be further reduced, so that the voltage breakdown resistance of the battery cell is further improved, and the failure risk of the battery cell is reduced.
Specifically, the air permeability of the insulating film can be measured by a method known in the art, for example, punching the insulating film into a small disc having a diameter of 50mm, and measuring the air permeability of the small disc by using a Wang Yan air permeability meter (Asahi-model EG01-55-1 MR), and measuring the time taken to pass 100mL of gas (such as air), thereby obtaining the air permeability of the insulating film.
Further, in order to test the actual voltage breakdown resistance of the battery cell prepared by the preparation process of the present application, the following test was performed:
the insulating film A is a conventional porous insulating film, and the insulating film B is an insulating film provided by the application, namely, the air permeability of the insulating film B is not more than 10L/(m) under the condition of 0.1MPa 2 ∙24h)。
A voltage of 200V was applied between the negative electrode posts and the cases of the battery cells in comparative example 1, and example 2 described above, and test results were observed.
Wherein, the conventional liquid electrolyte and the conventional porous insulating film were used in comparative example 1, the impedance between the electrode post and the case was about 50Ω, and after 200V voltage was applied between the negative electrode post and the case of the battery cell, the 1s battery cell was ignited.
In example 1, a gel electrolyte and a conventional porous insulating film were used, the impedance between the electrode post and the case was about 200Ω to 1000Ω, and after 200V voltage was applied between the negative electrode post and the case of the battery cell, the 7s battery cell was ignited. From the test results, it can be seen that example 1 is capable of delaying the time for which the battery fires on the basis of comparative example 1, thereby improving the voltage breakdown resistance of the battery cell to some extent.
In example 2, the gel electrolyte and the insulating film provided by the application are adopted, the impedance between the electrode post and the shell is more than 10kΩ, and after 200V voltage is applied between the negative electrode post and the shell of the battery cell, the battery cell still does not fire within 2 hours.
Therefore, the voltage breakdown resistance of the battery cell can be further improved by adopting the insulating film provided by the application. The battery monomer manufactured by the preparation process provided by the application can effectively improve the voltage breakdown resistance of the battery monomer and reduce the failure risk of the battery monomer.
In addition, the insulating film can be made of, but not limited to, a polymer material resistant to an electrolyte such as PE, PP, PET, PA, PI, PTFE, so that the corrosion of the electrolyte to the insulating film can be reduced, and the insulating film can more stably perform the functions of insulation and isolation between the electrode assembly and the case.
In some embodiments, after the step S30 of overcladding the semi-finished product with the insulating film, the method further includes the steps of:
s40: and placing the semi-finished product coated with the insulating film into a shell, and welding and sealing to obtain the battery cell.
After the semi-finished product is placed in the shell, the insulating film is clamped between the semi-finished product and the shell. On the one hand, the insulating film can insulate and isolate the semi-finished product and the shell. On the other hand, the insulating film can also play a role in protecting and coating the semi-finished product, so that the probability of damaging the structure of the semi-finished product due to scraping between the semi-finished product and the shell in the shell entering process is reduced.
In the current battery cell assembly process, the electrode assembly is put into the case, the end cover seals the case, and then the liquid is injected into the case through the liquid injection port on the end cover.
However, this approach not only allows a portion of the electrolyte to be injected between the insulating film and the inner wall of the housing, thereby increasing the risk of failure of the battery cell. In addition, electrolyte can remain around the injection port in the injection process, so that the electrolyte corrodes the end cover and the shell.
Compared with the current assembly process of the battery cell, the application completes the mixing and infiltration between the electrolyte and the electrode assembly before the semi-finished product is put into the shell, thereby effectively reducing the probability of the electrolyte corroding the end cover and the shell. In addition, the insulating film is coated outside the semi-finished product, so that the probability that the electrolyte moves between the insulating film and the inner wall of the shell can be reduced, the voltage breakdown resistance of the battery cell is improved, and the failure risk of the battery cell is reduced.
In some embodiments, before the step S10 of baking the electrode assembly, the method further comprises the steps of:
s01: and sequentially stacking and winding the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet to obtain the electrode assembly.
Specifically, first, a positive electrode sheet, a separator, and a negative electrode sheet are sequentially stacked in this order, and then wound, thereby obtaining an electrode assembly.
Based on the same conception as the preparation process, the application also provides a battery cell which comprises an electrode assembly, gel state electrolyte and an insulating film, wherein the insulating film is coated outside the electrode assembly and the gel state electrolyte.
It should be noted that the battery cell may be prepared by the preparation process described above, that is, the electrode assembly and the electrolyte containing the cell and the radical initiator are prepared first, the electrode assembly is baked, then the baked electrode assembly and the electrolyte are mixed, and after the activation treatment, the semi-finished product containing the gel electrolyte is obtained. Further, an insulating film is coated outside the semi-finished product.
Therefore, in the battery cell provided by the application, the electrolyte is in a gel state, so that the electrolyte can be coated in the insulating film more stably. Thus, when the semi-finished product coated with the insulating film is placed in the shell, the insulating film plays a role in insulating and isolating between the semi-finished product and the inner wall of the shell, and the gel electrolyte is more stably coated in the insulating film, so that the probability that the electrolyte moves between the electrode assembly and the inner wall of the shell to conduct a loop between the electrode assembly and the shell can be reduced, and the voltage breakdown resistance of the battery cell is improved.
In some embodiments, the air permeability of the insulating film is no greater than 10L/(m) under 0.1MPa 2 ∙24h)。
Compared with the traditional insulating film, the air permeability of the insulating film provided by the application is controlled to be 10L/(m) under the condition of 0.1MPa 2 ∙ 24 h) and 10L/(m) 2 ∙ 24 h), the probability that the electrolyte moves between the insulating film and the inner wall of the shell through the insulating film can be further reduced, so that the voltage breakdown resistance of the battery cell is further improved, and the failure risk of the battery cell is reduced.
In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a case in which the electrode assembly coated with the insulating film and the gel state electrolyte are accommodated.
After the semi-finished product is placed in the shell, the insulating film is clamped between the semi-finished product and the shell. On the one hand, the insulating film can insulate and isolate the semi-finished product and the shell. On the other hand, the insulating film can also play a role in protecting and coating the semi-finished product, so that the probability of damaging the structure of the semi-finished product due to scraping between the semi-finished product and the shell in the shell entering process is reduced.
In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes an end cap that seals the opening provided to the housing. Wherein, electrode terminals and explosion-proof valves are formed on the end cover, and other areas except for the electrode terminals and the explosion-proof valves on the end cover are constructed as continuously arranged closed planes.
Specifically, the other areas of the end cover except the electrode terminal and the explosion-proof valve are constructed as continuously arranged sealing planes, which means that the other areas of the end cover except the electrode terminal and the explosion-proof valve do not need to be provided with holes.
It should be noted that, the conventional preparation process employs an electrode assembly lead-in case, and refills an electrolyte. In this way, the end cover of the battery cell needs to be provided with a liquid injection hole, and electrolyte is filled into the shell through the liquid injection hole. After filling, the liquid injection hole is sealed by the sealing nail.
And the battery cell prepared by the preparation process of the application has the advantages that the electrolyte and the electrode assembly are mixed before being placed into the shell, and the electrolyte is subjected to activation treatment to form gel-state electrolyte. Therefore, after the semi-finished product containing the gel electrolyte is placed in the shell, the shell is sealed through the end cover, so that the assembly of the battery cell can be completed, and liquid injection into the shell is not needed, and therefore, a liquid injection hole is not needed to be formed in the end cover.
Through above-mentioned structure, owing to need not to set up on the end cover and annotate the liquid hole, can improve the free whole leakproofness of battery for the free overall structure of battery is more stable.
Based on the same concept as the battery cell described above, the present application also provides a battery including the battery cell described above.
Based on the same concept as the battery, the application also provides an electric device comprising the battery.
According to one or more embodiments, first, a positive electrode sheet, a separator, and a negative electrode sheet are sequentially stacked in this order, and are wound to obtain an electrode assembly. And (3) placing the wound electrode assembly in an environment of 70-120 ℃ for baking for a period of time, and removing moisture in the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate in the electrode assembly.
And then, mixing the baked electrode assembly with electrolyte according to a certain proportion, so that the electrolyte can be adsorbed in the pores of the positive plate and the negative plate and the surface of the diaphragm, and the electrolyte fully infiltrates the electrode assembly.
And adding a monomer and a free radical initiator into the electrode assembly mixed with the electrolyte, and performing high-temperature treatment or ultraviolet activation treatment to obtain a semi-finished product containing the gel electrolyte. And coating an insulating film on the periphery of the semi-finished product, then placing the semi-finished product and the insulating film into a shell, and sealing and welding an end cover at the opening of the shell in a laser welding mode to obtain the battery cell.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (16)
1. The preparation process of the battery monomer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
baking the electrode assembly;
mixing the baked electrode assembly with electrolyte containing a monomer and a free radical initiator, and performing activation treatment to obtain a semi-finished product containing gel electrolyte;
and coating an insulating film outside the semi-finished product.
2. The process for preparing a battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the cell comprises one or more of vinyl sulfite, methyl methacrylate, and pentaerythritol tetraacrylate.
3. The process for preparing a battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the radical initiator comprises one or more of azobisisobutyronitrile, dimethyl azobisisobutyrate and azobisisoheptonitrile.
4. The process for preparing a battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the radical initiator to the cell is in the range of 1:1 to 1:10.
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the step of mixing the baked electrode assembly with an electrolyte containing a monomer and a radical initiator, and performing an activation treatment to obtain a semi-finished product containing a gel electrolyte, comprises:
the activation treatment adopts high temperature treatment and/or ultraviolet activation treatment.
6. The process for preparing a battery cell according to claim 5, wherein the high temperature treatment is performed at a temperature ranging from 50 ℃ to 100 ℃; and/or the high temperature treatment time ranges from 0.5h to 12h.
7. The process for preparing a battery cell according to claim 5, wherein the ultraviolet activation treatment is performed for a time ranging from 5s to 300s.
8. The process for producing a battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the insulating film has an air permeability of not more than 10L/(m) under 0.1MPa 2 ∙24h)。
9. The process for preparing a battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising, after the step of overcladding the semi-finished product with an insulating film, the steps of:
and placing the semi-finished product coated with the insulating film into a shell, and welding and sealing to obtain the battery cell.
10. The process for preparing a battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising the step of, prior to the step of baking the electrode assembly:
and sequentially stacking and winding the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet to obtain the electrode assembly.
11. A battery cell, comprising:
an electrode assembly;
a gel state electrolyte; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system
And the insulating film is coated outside the electrode assembly and the gel electrolyte.
12. The battery cell according to claim 11, wherein the insulating film has an air permeability of not more than 10L/(m) under 0.1MPa 2 ∙24h)。
13. The battery cell according to claim 11, further comprising a case in which the electrode assembly coated with the insulating film and the gel state electrolyte are accommodated.
14. The battery cell of claim 13, further comprising an end cap sealing an opening disposed in the housing;
wherein, electrode terminals and explosion-proof valves are formed on the end cover, and other areas except the electrode terminals and the explosion-proof valves on the end cover are constructed as continuously arranged closed planes.
15. A battery comprising a cell according to any one of claims 11-14.
16. An electrical device comprising the battery of claim 15.
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