CN117174811A - Display panel and display device - Google Patents
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- CN117174811A CN117174811A CN202311265753.0A CN202311265753A CN117174811A CN 117174811 A CN117174811 A CN 117174811A CN 202311265753 A CN202311265753 A CN 202311265753A CN 117174811 A CN117174811 A CN 117174811A
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Abstract
The application discloses a display panel and a display device, wherein the display panel comprises a substrate base plate, a light-emitting element, a refraction component and a dimming component, the refraction component comprises a first refraction structure and a second refraction structure, and the first refraction structure covers the light-emitting element in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate base plate; the second light refraction structure covers the central area of the first surface of the first light refraction structure, and the refractive index of the first light refraction structure is larger than that of the second light refraction structure; the light adjusting component is positioned between the substrate and the second light refracting structure, and the orthographic projection of the light adjusting component on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the edge area on the substrate; wherein, the light modulation component is a light blocking layer; or the dimming component is a light-transmitting layer, and the refractive index of the first light-refracting structure is larger than that of the light-transmitting layer, so that the brightness distribution of the light-emitting visual angle of the light-emitting element is improved, and the forward light-emitting efficiency of the light-emitting element is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display panel and a display device.
Background
With the continuous development of science and technology, more and more electronic devices are widely applied to daily life and work of people, bring great convenience to daily life and work of people, and become an indispensable important tool for people at present.
The display panel is a main component of the electronic device for realizing the display function, wherein in the existing display panel, the problem that the light extraction efficiency of the light emitting element of the display panel for emitting light at a positive viewing angle is low and the display effect of the display panel is affected still exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a display panel and a display device, which are characterized in that a refraction component and a dimming component are additionally arranged on an emergent light path of a light-emitting element, so that the brightness distribution of the emergent light visual angle of the light-emitting element is improved, and the forward light-emitting efficiency of the light-emitting element is improved.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a display panel, including:
a substrate base;
a light emitting element located on one side of the substrate;
the refraction component comprises a first refraction structure and a second refraction structure which is positioned on one side of the first refraction structure away from the substrate, and the first refraction structure covers the light-emitting element in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate; the surface of the first light refraction structure, which is far away from one side of the substrate, is a first surface, the first surface comprises a central area and an edge area surrounding the central area, and the second light refraction structure at least covers the central area, wherein the refractive index of the first light refraction structure is larger than that of the second light refraction structure;
a dimming component located between the substrate and the second refraction structure, wherein the orthographic projection of the dimming component on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the edge area on the substrate; wherein,
the light modulation component is a light blocking layer; or, the light adjusting component is a light transmitting layer, and the refractive index of the first light refracting structure is larger than that of the light transmitting layer.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a display apparatus, where the display apparatus further includes the display panel provided in the first aspect.
The display panel provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a substrate base plate, a light-emitting element, a refraction assembly and a dimming assembly, wherein the refraction assembly and the dimming assembly are additionally arranged on an emergent light path of the light-emitting element, the refraction assembly is used for forming an MLP structure, the emergent light angle of large-view light of the light-emitting element is reduced, the dimming assembly is used for absorbing or further reducing the emergent light angle of the large-view light of the light-emitting element, so that the emergent light view brightness distribution of the light-emitting element is improved, the forward emergent light efficiency of the light-emitting element is improved, and the emergent light efficiency in the view angle range of the display panel is finally improved, thereby improving the visual imaging effect of the display panel.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel provided in the related art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The application is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present application are shown in the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel provided in the related art. Referring to fig. 1, a display panel 100 in the related art includes a substrate 11, and a driving circuit layer 12, a light emitting element 13, and a package layer 14 sequentially disposed on one side of the substrate 11, the driving circuit layer 11 for driving the light emitting element 13 to emit light. Along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 11 (as shown in the Z direction), the light emitting element 13 has light S on both the front light emitting surface and the side light emitting surface 0 Since the emergent angle of part of the light S0 is large, the light S is easily totally reflected back into the panel at the surface of the encapsulation layer 14, and thus the light S is difficult to ensure 0 The light extraction efficiency of the user in the viewing angle range of the display panel 100 is low in the viewing angle range of the display panel 100, and the display effect of the display panel is affected.
Wherein the angle refers to the light S 0 Included angle with the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 11 (Z direction in the drawing); viewing angle refers to the angle between two viewing directions in the normal direction of the display screen (display panel) when the brightness of the two viewing directions on the same plane is half of the brightness of the normal direction of the display screen, and is called the viewing angle. A horizontal viewing angle in the horizontal plane, a vertical viewing angle in the vertical planeThe vertical viewing angle of a face may also be referred to as the normal viewing angle. The display viewing angle is also referred to as the half-power angle. Exemplary, the viewing angle parameter of the display screen is 160 °/140 °, representing: the horizontal viewing angle is 160 degrees, the vertical viewing angle is 140 degrees, and the viewing range of 160 degrees/140 degrees can enable all audiences to enjoy the optimal viewing effect; the larger the viewing angle of the display screen, the more audience groups, the wider the coverage area, and vice versa.
Based on the technical problems, the inventor further researches and puts forward the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application. Specifically, the embodiment of the application provides a display panel which comprises a substrate, a light-emitting element, a refraction component and a dimming component, wherein the light-emitting element is positioned on one side of the substrate; the refraction component comprises a first refraction structure and a second refraction structure which is positioned on one side of the first refraction structure far away from the substrate, and the first refraction structure covers the light-emitting element in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate; the surface of the first light refraction structure, which is far away from one side of the substrate, is a first surface, the first surface comprises a central area and an edge area surrounding the central area, and the second light refraction structure covers the central area, wherein the refractive index of the first light refraction structure is larger than that of the second light refraction structure; the light adjusting component is positioned between the substrate and the second light refracting structure, and the orthographic projection of the light adjusting component on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the edge area on the substrate; wherein, the light modulation component is a light blocking layer; or, the light adjusting component is a light transmitting layer, and the refractive index of the first light refracting structure is larger than that of the light transmitting layer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the refraction assembly and the dimming assembly are additionally arranged on the emergent light path of the light-emitting element, the refraction assembly is utilized to form an MLP (Micro Lens Pattern ) structure, the emergent light angle of the large-view-angle light of the light-emitting element is reduced, the dimming assembly is utilized to block the light to emergent light with the large view angle or further reduce the emergent light angle of the large-view-angle light of the light-emitting element, the emergent light efficiency of the light-emitting element in the view angle range of the display panel is improved, and the visual imaging effect of the display panel is improved.
The foregoing is the core idea of the present application, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort are intended to fall within the scope of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the application. Referring to fig. 2-7, a display panel 200 according to an embodiment of the present application includes a substrate 21, and a light emitting element 40, a refraction assembly 50 and a dimming assembly 60 disposed on one side of the substrate 21, where the light emitting element 40 is disposed on one side of the substrate 21; the refraction component 50 includes a first refraction structure 51 and a second refraction structure 52 located on a side of the first refraction structure 51 away from the substrate 21, where the first refraction structure 51 covers the light emitting element 40 in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the substrate 21 (as shown in a Z direction in the drawing); the surface of the first light refracting structure 51 far from the substrate 21 is a first surface including a central region M 1 And around the central region M 1 Edge region M of (2) 2 The second refractive structure 52 covers the central region M 1 Wherein the refractive index n of the first refractive structure 51 1 Greater than the refractive index n of the second refractive structure 52 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The light modulation element 60 is located between the substrate 21 and the second refraction structure 52, and the front projection of the light modulation element 60 on the substrate 21 and the edge area M 2 The front projections on the substrate 21 overlap and the dimming component 60 is located in the marginal region M 2 The light path of the emergent ray S1; as shown in fig. 2, 3, 5, and 6, the light modulating element 60 is a light blocking layer 61; alternatively, as shown in fig. 4 and 7, the light modulation component 60 is a light transmission layer 62, and the refractive index n of the first light refractive structure 51 1 Greater than refractive index n of light-transmitting layer 62 3 。
Specifically, the display panel 200 includes an LED (Light Emitting Diode ) display panel, a Micro LED (Micro Light Emitting Diode ) display panel, a Mini LED (Mini Light Emitting Diode, sub-millimeter light emitting diode) display panel, an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode ) display panel, and the like, and the type of the display panel 200 is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application. The substrate 21 of the display panel may be made of a rigid material such as glass or silicon wafer, or may be made of a flexible material such as ultra-thin glass, metal foil or polymer plastic material, and the flexible or rigid substrate 21 may block oxygen and moisture and prevent moisture or impurities from diffusing into the display panel through the substrate 21.
As shown in fig. 2, the display panel 200 further includes a driving circuit layer 30 disposed on one side of the substrate 21, where the driving circuit layer 30 includes a pixel circuit, which may have a circuit structure of 2T1C, 4T1C, 7T2C, 8T1C, 8T2C, and the like, and the pixel circuit includes a plurality of thin film transistors (Thin Film Transistor, TFTs), a storage capacitor, a metal trace, and other film structures (not shown), and a drain electrode of the thin film transistor TFT is electrically connected to an anode electrode of the light emitting element 40, and the driving circuit layer 30 is configured to provide a driving voltage to the light emitting element 40 to drive the light emitting element 40 to emit light, for example, a red light emitting element R, a green light emitting element G, and a blue light emitting element B. The light emitting element 40 includes an LED, a Micro LED, a Mini LED, a QLED, etc., and it should be noted that fig. 2 to fig. 7 of the embodiment of the present application only use the Micro LED as an example, and specific structures of the driving circuit layer 30 are omitted in other drawings of the embodiment of the present application, which are not shown one by one.
As an example, as shown in connection with FIGS. 2-7, the Micro LED chip has a size of 100 μm or less and a thickness of 10 μm or less. The light emitting surface of the light emitting element 40 includes a front light emitting surface and a side light emitting surface, wherein the front surface faces the light emitting side of the display panel 200. The refraction component 50 is disposed on the light emitting surface of the light emitting element 40, and the material of the refraction component 50 is a material with high light transmittance, such as a transparent glue layer. Specifically, along the Z direction in the figure, the first light refracting structure 51 is disposed to cover the light emitting surface of the light emitting element 40, and in some embodiments, the first light refracting structure is combined with the light emitting surface shown in fig. 2 to 4The first light refracting structure 51 covers only the light emitting surface of the light emitting element 40; in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5-7, the first light refracting structure 51 covers the front light emitting surface and the side light emitting surface of the light emitting element 40. The surface of the first refraction structure 51 far away from the substrate 21 is a first surface, which is a curved surface structure protruding upwards and comprises a central area M 1 And around the central region M 1 Edge region M of (2) 2 Wherein the central region M 1 The proportion of the first surface may be reasonably set according to the light emitting angle range of the light emitting unit 40 in the front view angle direction, and the embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited. The second refractive structure 52 is disposed to cover the central region M 1 The first light refracting structure 51 and the second light refracting structure 52 form a first MLP structure, and the interface between the first light refracting structure 51 and the second light refracting structure 52 is a central area M 1 Setting, n 1 ＞n 2 Light S emitted from light emitting element 40 by using refraction principle 1 From the first refractive structure 51 into the second refractive structure 52, i.e. from a higher refractive index n 1 Into a lower refractive index n 2 Light S 1 The first MLP structure deflects the light S exiting from the central area M1 toward the front view of the display panel 200 1 Light S converging towards the front view angle 1 The glass packaging layer 22 is not easy to generate total reflection, which is beneficial to improving the brightness distribution of the light emitting visual angle of the light emitting element 40 and improving the forward light emitting efficiency of the light emitting element 40.
On the basis, the light S emitted from the light-emitting element 40 at a large viewing angle is considered 1 Via edge region M 2 Exiting, further, a dimming component 60 is disposed between the substrate 21 and the second refraction structure 52, and the dimming component 60 is configured to adjust the edge area M 2 Outgoing light S 1 . Specifically, along the Z direction in the figure, the front projection and edge area M of the dimming component 60 on the substrate 21 are disposed 2 The front projection overlap on the substrate 21, one possible embodiment, as shown in connection with fig. 2-7, of the dimmer pack 60 and the edge area M 2 Direct contact; in one possible embodiment, the dimming component 60 and the edge region M 2 The contact is made indirectly and the contact is made,the dimming component 60 is required to be arranged in the marginal area M 2 Outgoing light S 1 Is arranged on the propagation path of the optical fiber.
In some embodiments, the dimming component 60 may be a light blocking layer 61, and the material may be a light absorbing material or a light reflecting material. As shown in fig. 2 and 5, when the light blocking layer 61 is made of light absorbing material, the light blocking layer 61 may be a whole layer structure, and the light S with a large viewing angle 1 Via edge region M 2 The light emitted by the display panel 200 is absorbed by the light absorbing material, and the light emitted from the large viewing angle can be reduced by the light absorbing material; as shown in fig. 3 and 6, when the light blocking layer 61 is made of a reflective material, the light blocking layer 61 may be a reflective film disposed at the edge region M 2 On the light-emitting surface of (a), light S with large viewing angle 1 Via edge region M 2 Exit, reflected by the reflective material back to the first refractive structure 51, and pass through the central region M 1 After exiting, the light is gathered by the second refraction structure 52 and exits from the glass packaging layer 22, and the light S with a large visual angle can be changed by adopting a reflective material 1 The light-emitting element 40 emits light along the forward direction of the display panel 200, which is beneficial to improving the brightness distribution of the light-emitting angle of the light-emitting element 40 and enhancing the forward light-emitting efficiency of the light-emitting element 40.
In some embodiments, as shown in connection with fig. 4 and 7, the dimming component 60 may be a light transmissive layer 62, where n is provided 1 ＞n 2 Further set the refractive index n of the first refractive structure 51 1 Greater than refractive index n of light-transmitting layer 62 3 The first light refracting structure 51 and the light transmitting layer 62 form a second MLP structure, and a portion of the large viewing angle light S emitted from the light emitting element 40 1 From a higher refractive index n 1 Into a lower refractive index n of the first refractive structure 51 of (a) 3 Light-transmitting layer 62 of (a) light S 1 The deflection to the forward-looking angle light-emitting direction of the display panel 200 is also beneficial to improving the brightness distribution of the light-emitting angle of the light-emitting element 40, and improving the forward-looking light-emitting efficiency of the light-emitting element 40.
It should be noted that, the display device provided in this embodiment further includes other film layers, such as a buffer layer, a film packaging layer, etc. (not shown in the drawings), which cooperate to realize the display function of the display device, which is not described in detail herein.
In summary, the display panel provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a substrate base plate, a light-emitting element, a refraction assembly and a dimming assembly, wherein the refraction assembly and the dimming assembly are additionally arranged on an emergent light path of the light-emitting element, the refraction assembly is used for forming an MLP structure, the emergent light angle of large-view light of the light-emitting element is reduced, the dimming assembly is used for blocking emergent light of the large-view light or further reducing the emergent light angle of the large-view light of the light-emitting element, so that the emergent light view brightness distribution of the light-emitting element is improved, the forward emergent light efficiency of the light-emitting element is improved, and finally, the emergent light efficiency in the view angle range of the display panel is improved, and the visual imaging effect of the display panel is improved.
In some embodiments, continuing with fig. 7, the first light-refracting structure 51 further covers the side light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element 40; the light modulation component 60 is a light transmission layer 62, and the refractive index n of the first light refraction structure 51 1 Greater than refractive index n of light-transmitting layer 62 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Refractive index n of light-transmitting layer 62 3 Less than the refractive index n of the second refractive structure 52 2 。
Specifically, with continued reference to fig. 7, the first light refracting structure 51 covers the front light emitting surface and the side light emitting surface of the light emitting element 40, and the light modulating element 60 is a light transmitting layer 62, where n1 > n2 > n3 is set. Wherein the first light refraction structure 51, the light transmission layer 62 and the second light refraction structure 52 form a double-layer MLP structure, the light transmission layer 62 and the second light refraction structure 52 form a single-layer MLP structure, and a portion of the large-viewing angle light S emitted from the light emitting surface of the light emitting element 40 1 The light passes through the first light refraction structure 51, the light transmission layer 62 and the second light refraction structure 52 in sequence and then exits, and the double-layer MLP structure can continuously deflect the light S1 with the large visual angle to the light emitting direction of the front visual angle of the display panel 200 for 2 times; the single-layer MLP structure can deflect the large-view angle light S1 to the front view angle light emitting direction of the display panel 200 for 1 time through the first light refracting structure 51 and the second light refracting structure 52, by the arrangement, the light emitting angle of the light emitting surface of the light emitting element 40 can be improved, the utilization rate of the light emitting surface of the light emitting element 40 can be improved, and the forward light emitting efficiency of the light emitting element 40 can be improved; meanwhile, since the refractive index n of the light-transmitting layer 62 is set 3 Less than the refractive index n of the second refractive structure 52 2 External stray light can be reduced from entering the substrate.
Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 8, the first light refracting structure 51 covers the front light emitting surface and the side light emitting surface of the light emitting element 40; the light modulation component 60 is a light transmission layer 62, and the refractive index n of the first light refraction structure 51 1 Greater than refractive index n of light-transmitting layer 62 3 The refractive index n of the light-transmitting layer 62 may also be set 3 Equal to the refractive index n of the second refractive structure 52 2 So configured, the same material may be used to prepare the light transmissive layer 62 and the second light refractive structure 52 in a single manufacturing process, thereby reducing the film manufacturing process and reducing the manufacturing process difficulty and the production cost.
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the display panel 200 further includes a first light absorbing layer 71, and the first light absorbing layer 71 is located on a side of the dimming component 60 close to the substrate 21.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, the first light absorbing layer 71 may be provided on the surface of the light adjusting member 60 near the substrate 21 by vapor deposition, coating, or the like. Exemplary materials for the first light-absorbing layer 71 include, but are not limited to, black ink, black glue, etc., and the first light-absorbing layer 71 may prevent crosstalk of light between adjacent light-emitting elements 40 and may absorb ambient light S 2 Shielding the metal wiring in the driving circuit layer 30, reducing the reflection of the metal wiring on the external environment light, and avoiding the external environment light S 2 Light S emitted from light emitting surface of light emitting element 40 side 1 The thin film transistor TFT passing through the display panel 200 to the driving circuit layer 30, thereby reducing the probability of light leakage current of the thin film transistor TFT, etc., which is advantageous in securing the light emitting brightness of the light emitting element, extending the life of the TFT, etc.
It should be noted that, in fig. 3 to 4 and fig. 6 to 8, the first light absorbing layer 71 may be disposed on a surface of the dimming component 60 near the substrate 21 to reduce the crosstalk of light between the adjacent light emitting elements 40, which is not shown in the embodiments of the present application.
Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the above-described embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the light emitting element 40 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the first semiconductor layer 41, the second semiconductor layer 42, and the light emitting layer 43 located between the first semiconductor layer 41 and the second semiconductor layer 42, the first semiconductor layer 41 being located on the side of the light emitting layer 43 close to the substrate 21; the distance between the surface of the first light absorbing layer 71 on the side away from the substrate 21 and the substrate 21 is smaller than the distance between the surface of the light emitting layer 43 on the side close to the substrate 21 and the substrate 21.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 10, the light emitting element 40 further includes a first electrode 44 and a second electrode 45, the first electrode 44 is electrically connected to the first semiconductor layer 41, and the second electrode 45 is electrically connected to the second semiconductor layer 42 for supplying a driving voltage to the light emitting element 40. As one example, the first semiconductor layer 41 may be a P-type GaN semiconductor; the second semiconductor layer 42 may be an N-type GaN semiconductor; the light emitting layer 42 may be referred to as a quantum hydrazine layer, and the light emitting material thereof may be a low molecular or high molecular organic material, such as INGaN/GaN, etc.; the first electrode 44 is an N electrode and the second electrode 45 is a P electrode, and the material includes, but is not limited to, a metal conductive material. By controlling the thickness of the first light absorption layer 71 to be below the quantum hydrazine layer (light emitting layer 42) of the light emitting element 40, the external ambient light S can be reduced 2 While not affecting the side light emission of the light emitting element 40.
Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the above embodiment, referring to fig. 11, the dimming component 60 is a light blocking layer 61, and the light blocking layer 61 includes a reflective material.
Specifically, referring to fig. 11, the light blocking layer 61 may be made of a light reflective material, such as a light reflective film, and cover the edge region M of the first light refractive structure 51 2 The light blocking layer 61 can cover the edge region M 2 Outgoing light S 1 Reflected back into the first refractive structure 51 and then passes through the central region M 1 The light-reflecting material can improve the light-emitting efficiency of the side surface and can prevent light from entering the first light-absorbing layer 71.
Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 12, the display panel 200 further includes a second light absorbing layer 72, and the second light absorbing layer 72 is located between the light blocking layer 61 and the second light refraction structure 52.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 12, the light blocking layer 61 is made of a reflective material and is made of a whole layer structure, which is beneficial to reducing the difficulty of the preparation process of the light blocking layer 61. A second light absorption layer 72 is further disposed between the light blocking layer 61 and the second light refraction structure 52 to absorb the external ambient light S 2 Light reflection caused by the light reflecting material is avoided. The material of the second light-absorbing layer 72 may be the same as that of the first light-absorbing layer 71, and the thickness of the second light-absorbing layer 72 is thinner, which is exemplary, the thickness of the second light-absorbing layer 72 is in the order of micrometers, so as to avoid that the second light-absorbing layer 72 shields the light of the ideal emitting angle of the light-emitting element 40.
It should be noted that, in fig. 2 to 8 of the embodiment of the present application, a second light absorbing layer 72 may be disposed between the light blocking layer 61 and the second light refraction structure 52 to reduce reflection of external ambient light, which is not shown in one-to-one manner.
FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 13 and 14, the light blocking layer 61 is made of a reflective material, and the base angle α of the light blocking layer 61 near the light emitting element 40 may be set to an acute angle, that is, 0 ° < α < 90 °, where the base angle α is an angle between the slope of the light blocking layer 61 facing the light emitting element 40 and the plane of the substrate 21. By the slope surface, the reflective material is beneficial to reflecting the light S1 emitted from the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element 40 to the positive light-emitting surface, so that the light-emitting efficiency of the light-emitting element 40 is further improved.
Fig. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 15, the light modulation component 60 is a light transmission layer 62, and the refractive index n of the first light refraction structure 51 1 Greater than refractive index n of light-transmitting layer 62 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The light emitting element 40 includes a first light emitting element 401 and a second light emitting element 402, and the light transmitting layer 62 includes a first light transmitting portion 621 anda second light transmitting portion 622; the first light transmitting portion 621 at least partially surrounds the first light emitting element 401, and the second light transmitting portion 622 at least partially surrounds the second light emitting element 402; thickness h of the first light-transmitting portion 621 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the base substrate 21 1 Thickness h of the second light-transmitting portion 622 2 Different.
Specifically, referring to fig. 15, the light-emitting element 40 includes a first light-emitting element 401 and a second light-emitting element 402 which emit light of different colors, and the light-emitting efficiencies of the first light-emitting element 401 and the second light-emitting element 402 are different due to the different light-emitting colors. The light modulation component 60 adopts a light transmission layer 62 with better light transmission, and the refractive index of the light transmission layer 62 is n 3 In some embodiments, the refractive index n is set 1 ＞n 3 ，n 1 ＞n 2 In some embodiments, the refractive index n is set 1 ＞n 2 ＞n 3 . The light-transmitting layer 62 includes a first light-transmitting portion 621 and a second light-transmitting portion 622, wherein the refractive indices of the first light-transmitting portion 621 and the second light-transmitting portion 622 are the same or not the same, and in fig. 15, the thickness h of the first light-transmitting portion 621 corresponding to the first light-emitting element 401 is set 1 A second light transmitting portion 622 thickness h corresponding to the second light emitting element 402 2 Different, the light emitting angles of the first light emitting element 401 and the second light emitting element 402 can be adjusted to be different, so that the light with a large viewing angle of the light emitting element 40 with lower light emitting efficiency is deflected to be emitted forward more, the light emitting effect of the light emitting element 40 with lower light emitting efficiency is improved, and the forward light emitting of the light emitting element 40 with different light emitting colors is matched.
Alternatively, as further shown in fig. 15, the wavelength of the light emitted from the first light emitting element 41 is greater than the wavelength of the light emitted from the second light emitting element 402, and the thickness h1 of the first light transmitting portion 621 is greater than the thickness h2 of the second light transmitting portion 622.
As an example, the first light emitting element 401 and the second light emitting element 402 are a red light emitting element R and a green light emitting element G, respectively, and the light emitting efficiency of the red light emitting element R is denoted as T R The green light-emitting element G has a luminous efficiency T G T in general R <T G The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The thickness of the first light-transmitting portion 621 around the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element 401 is h 1 For example, the thickness of the second light-transmitting portion 622 around the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element 402 is h 2 Setting h 1 ＞h 2 The light-transmitting layer 62 is arranged in a second step shape, which is beneficial to the larger view angle light S of the light-emitting element 40 with low light-emitting efficiency 1 Deflection to exit at the forward viewing angle reduces the driving loss of the light emitting element 40 with low light emission efficiency.
Fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application. In other embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 15 and 16, the light emitting element 40 further includes a third light emitting element 403, and the light transmissive layer 62 further includes a third light transmissive portion 623, the third light transmissive portion 623 at least partially surrounding the third light emitting element 403; the wavelength of the light emitted from the first light emitting element 402 is larger than the wavelength of the light emitted from the third light emitting element 403, and the thickness h of the first light transmitting portion 621 1 A thickness h greater than the third light transmitting portion 623 3 。
Specifically, the first light emitting element 401 and the second light emitting element 402 include a red light emitting element R, a green light emitting element G, and a blue light emitting element B, and the light emitting efficiency of the blue light emitting element B is T B The thickness of the third light-transmitting portion 623 at the periphery of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element 403 is h 3 T in general R <T B In some embodiments, with continued reference to FIG. 15, T R <T G <T B Setting h 1 ＞h 2 ＞h 3 The light-transmitting layer 62 is arranged in a gradually decreasing step shape; in some embodiments, referring to FIG. 16, T R <T G <T G Setting h 1 ＞h 3 ＞h 2 The light-transmitting layer 62 is provided in an irregular stepwise shape. The thickness of the light-transmitting layer 62 corresponding to the light-emitting elements with different light-emitting colors is adjusted to adjust the light-emitting angle, so that the light with a large viewing angle of the light-emitting element 40 with lower light-emitting efficiency is deflected to be emitted forward more, and the purpose of matching the forward light-emitting of the light-emitting element 40 with different light-emitting colors is achieved.
Fig. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the above embodiment, as shown with reference to fig. 17,the first light refracting structure 51 includes a first sub-refracting structure 511 and a second sub-refracting structure 512, the first sub-refracting structure 511 corresponding to the first light emitting element 401, the second sub-refracting structure 512 corresponding to the second light emitting element 402; the refractive index of the first sub-refractive structure 511 is n 11 The refractive index of the second sub-refractive structure 512 is n 12 The refractive index of the first light-transmitting portion 621 is n 31 The refractive index of the second light-transmitting portion 622 is n 32 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein, (n) 11 -n 31 )＞(n 12 -n 32 )。
Specifically, as shown in fig. 17, on the basis of the thickness differentiation design of the light-transmitting layer 62 around the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 40 with different light-emitting colors in the above embodiment, the second MLP structure formed by the first light-refracting structure 51 and the light-transmitting portion 62 corresponding to the light-emitting element 40 with different light-emitting colors may be also differently designed to increase the deflection angle of the outgoing light. Illustratively, the wavelength of the light emitted from the first light emitting element 41 is greater than the wavelength of the light emitted from the second light emitting element 402, the light emitting efficiency of the first light emitting element 41 is smaller than the light emitting efficiency of the second light emitting element 402, and the refractive index difference between the second MLP structure formed by the first sub-refractive structure 511 and the first light transmitting portion 621 corresponding to the first light emitting element 401 is (n 11 -n 31 ) The refractive index difference of the second MLP structure formed by the second sub-refractive structure 512 corresponding to the second light emitting element 402 and the second light transmitting portion 622 is (n 31 -n 32 ) Since the larger the difference of refractive index between two adjacent light-transmitting materials, the stronger the deflection energy to light is, by setting (n 11 -n 31 )＞(n 12 -n 32 ) The light with a large viewing angle emitted by the first light-emitting element 401 with low light-emitting efficiency can be further increased, and deflected to the forward viewing angle for emitting, so that the light-emitting efficiency of the first light-emitting element 401 with low light-emitting efficiency is further improved, and the driving loss of the first light-emitting element 401 with low light-emitting efficiency is reduced.
In other embodiments, the wavelength of the light emitted from the first light emitting element 41 is larger than the wavelength of the light emitted from the third light emitting element 403, the light emitting efficiency of the first light emitting element 41 is smaller than the light emitting efficiency of the third light emitting element 403, and the third light emitting element 403 corresponds to the third sub-The refractive index difference of the second MLP structure formed by the refractive structure 513 and the third light transmitting portion 623 is (n 13 -n 33 ) Setting (n) 11 -n 31 )＞(n 13 -n 33 )。
In combination with the above embodiment, when T R <T G <T B Setting (n) 11 -n 31 )＞(n 12 -n 32 )＞(n 13 -n 33 ) So configured, in some embodiments, n may be provided 11 ＝n 12 ＝n 13 ，n 31 ＜n 32 ＜n 33 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In some embodiments, n may be set 11 ＞n 12 ＞n 13 ，n 31 ＝n 32 ＝n 33 。
In fig. 4 and fig. 7 of the embodiment of the present application, the second MLP structure formed by the refractive indexes of the first refractive structure 51 and the light-transmitting portion 62 corresponding to the light-emitting elements 40 with different light-emitting colors may be designed differently to increase the deflection angle of the outgoing light of the light-emitting element with lower light-emitting efficiency.
Fig. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the above embodiment, referring to fig. 18, the light modulating element 60 is a light blocking layer 61; the light emitting element 40 includes a third light emitting element 404 and a fourth light emitting element 405, and the light blocking layer 61 includes a first light blocking portion 611 and a second light blocking portion 612; the first light blocking portion 611 at least partially surrounds the third light emitting element 404, and the second light blocking portion 612 at least partially surrounds the fourth light emitting element 405; the wavelength of the light emitted from the third light emitting element 404 is greater than that of the light emitted from the fourth light emitting element 45, the first light blocking portion 611 includes a reflective material, and the second light blocking portion 612 includes a light absorbing material.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 18, the light-emitting element 40 includes a third light-emitting element 404 and a fourth light-emitting element 405 having different light-emitting colors, for example, a red light-emitting element R and a green light-emitting element G, respectively, and has a normal light-emitting efficiency, T R <T B The first light blocking portion 611 corresponding to the third light emitting element 404 having low light emitting efficiency may be made of a reflective material,increasing the reflection of the large viewing angle light of the third light emitting element 404; the second light blocking part 612 corresponding to the fourth light emitting element 405 with higher light emitting efficiency adopts light absorbing materials to absorb light with a large viewing angle, and the light emitting brightness of the third light emitting element 404 and the light emitting brightness of the fourth light emitting element 405 with different light emitting colors are balanced by differentially arranging the first light blocking part 611 corresponding to the third light emitting element 404 and the second light blocking part 612 corresponding to the fourth light emitting element 405, so that the light emitting brightness of the positive viewing angle of the display panel is matched, and the display effect of the display panel is improved.
In other embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 18, the light emitting element 40 further includes a fifth light emitting element 406, and the light blocking layer 61 further includes a third light blocking portion 623, the third light blocking portion 623 at least partially surrounding the fifth light emitting element 406; the wavelength of the light emitted from the third light emitting element 404 is greater than that of the light emitted from the fifth light emitting element 406, and the light absorbing material is used for the third light blocking portion 623, and illustratively, the materials of the second light blocking portion 612 and the third light blocking portion 623 are the same or different.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a display device. Fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 19, the display device includes any one of the display panels provided in the foregoing embodiments. Illustratively, as shown in fig. 19, the display device 300 includes a display panel 200. Therefore, the display device also has the advantages of the display panel in the above embodiment, and the same points can be understood by referring to the explanation of the display panel, and the description thereof will not be repeated.
The display device 300 provided in the embodiment of the present application may be a mobile phone as shown in fig. 19, or any electronic product with a display function, including but not limited to the following categories: television, notebook computer, desktop display, tablet computer, digital camera, smart bracelet, smart glasses, vehicle-mounted display, industrial control equipment, medical display screen, touch interactive terminal, etc., which is not particularly limited by the embodiment of the application.
Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the application. Therefore, while the application has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the application is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the application, which is set forth in the following claims.
Claims (11)
1. A display panel, comprising:
a substrate base;
a light emitting element located on one side of the substrate;
the refraction component comprises a first refraction structure and a second refraction structure which is positioned on one side of the first refraction structure away from the substrate, and the first refraction structure covers the light-emitting element in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate; the surface of the first light refraction structure, which is far away from one side of the substrate, is a first surface, the first surface comprises a central area and an edge area surrounding the central area, and the second light refraction structure at least covers the central area, wherein the refractive index of the first light refraction structure is larger than that of the second light refraction structure;
a dimming component located between the substrate and the second refraction structure, wherein the orthographic projection of the dimming component on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the edge area on the substrate; wherein,
the light modulation component is a light blocking layer; or, the light adjusting component is a light transmitting layer, and the refractive index of the first light refracting structure is larger than that of the light transmitting layer.
2. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the display panel comprises,
the first light refracting structure also covers a side light emitting surface of the light emitting element;
the light adjusting component is a light transmission layer, and the refractive index of the first light refracting structure is larger than that of the light transmission layer;
the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer is smaller than that of the second light-refracting structure.
3. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the display panel comprises,
the display panel further comprises a first light absorption layer, and the first light absorption layer is located on one side, close to the substrate, of the dimming component.
4. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein,
the light-emitting element comprises a first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer and a light-emitting layer positioned between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer, wherein the first semiconductor layer is positioned on one side of the light-emitting layer close to the substrate;
the distance between the surface of the first light absorption layer, which is far away from the substrate, and the substrate is smaller than the distance between the surface of the light emitting layer, which is close to the substrate, and the substrate.
5. The display panel of claim 4, wherein the display panel comprises,
the light modulation component is a light blocking layer, and the light blocking layer comprises a light reflecting material.
6. The display panel of claim 5, wherein the display panel comprises,
the display panel further includes a second light absorbing layer between the light blocking layer and the second light refraction structure.
7. The display panel of claim 4, wherein the display panel comprises,
the light adjusting component is a light transmission layer, and the refractive index of the first light refracting structure is larger than that of the light transmission layer;
the light-emitting element comprises a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element, and the light-transmitting layer comprises a first light-transmitting part and a second light-transmitting part; the first light-transmitting portion at least partially surrounds the first light-emitting element, and the second light-transmitting portion at least partially surrounds the second light-emitting element;
the thickness of the first light-transmitting portion is different from the thickness of the second light-transmitting portion in a direction perpendicular to a plane in which the substrate is located.
8. The display panel of claim 7, wherein the display panel comprises,
the wavelength of the outgoing light of the first light-emitting element is larger than that of the outgoing light of the second light-emitting element, and the thickness of the first light-transmitting part is larger than that of the second light-transmitting part.
9. The display panel of claim 8, wherein the display panel comprises,
the first light refracting structure comprises a first sub-refracting structure and a second sub-refracting structure, the first sub-refracting structure corresponds to the first light-emitting element, and the second sub-refracting structure corresponds to the second light-emitting element;
the refractive index of the first sub-refractive structure is n11, the refractive index of the second sub-refractive structure is n12, the refractive index of the first light-transmitting part is n31, and the refractive index of the second light-transmitting part is n32;
where (n 11-n 31) > (n 12-n 32).
10. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the display panel comprises,
the light modulation component is a light blocking layer;
the light-emitting element comprises a third light-emitting element and a fourth light-emitting element, and the light blocking layer comprises a first light blocking part and a second light blocking part; the first light blocking portion at least partially surrounds the third light emitting element, and the second light blocking portion at least partially surrounds the fourth light emitting element;
the wavelength of the emergent light of the third light-emitting element is larger than that of the emergent light of the fourth light-emitting element, the first light-blocking portion comprises a light-reflecting material, and the second light-blocking portion comprises a light-absorbing material.
11. A display device comprising the display panel of any one of claims 1-10.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311265753.0A CN117174811A (en) | 2023-09-27 | 2023-09-27 | Display panel and display device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311265753.0A CN117174811A (en) | 2023-09-27 | 2023-09-27 | Display panel and display device |
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| CN117174811A true CN117174811A (en) | 2023-12-05 |
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| CN202311265753.0A Pending CN117174811A (en) | 2023-09-27 | 2023-09-27 | Display panel and display device |
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