CN117174351B - Laser measurement experiment device for cavitation share in rectangular channel - Google Patents
Laser measurement experiment device for cavitation share in rectangular channel Download PDFInfo
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- CN117174351B CN117174351B CN202310886053.7A CN202310886053A CN117174351B CN 117174351 B CN117174351 B CN 117174351B CN 202310886053 A CN202310886053 A CN 202310886053A CN 117174351 B CN117174351 B CN 117174351B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of reactor engineering, in particular to a laser measurement experiment device for cavitation share in a rectangular channel, which comprises an outer frame body, a first connecting channel, radiation equipment and detection equipment, wherein the first connecting channel is arranged on the end face of the outer frame body, and the radiation equipment and the detection equipment are respectively arranged on two sides of the end face of the outer frame body; and a pipe passing through the first connection passage and entering the outer frame; and the guide assembly comprises a mounting frame movably arranged in the outer frame, a second connecting channel penetrating through the end face of the mounting frame and a guide wheel rotatably arranged in the mounting frame, wherein a storage plate for storing the pipeline is integrally formed in the mounting frame, and when the pipeline is measured, the pipeline is only required to be inserted into the outer frame, and the plurality of connecting channels are enough to fix the pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reactor engineering, in particular to a laser measurement experiment device for cavitation share in a rectangular channel.
Background
Cavitation share is one of the most basic and critical parameters in two-phase flow research, and is also one of the key points in nuclear reactor thermodynamic and hydraulic researches, and in design calculation of nuclear power devices and equipment, relatively accurate cavitation share data is often required. Such as the recirculation rate of the steam generator, the density of the in-reactor coolant and moderator, the neutron dynamics of the core and the flow instability of the in-reactor coolant, are all greatly related to the cavitation fraction of the two-phase fluid. In the nuclear power industry, cavitation share is closely related to system operation parameters, runner structure size, flow conditions and the like, and is generally difficult to determine by using a theoretical formula, and the cavitation share is mainly measured by an experimental method. The prior experiments on cavitation share are much studied, but most of the experiments are round tube flow. In a nuclear power plant designed with a flat-plate fuel element as a core, the flow channel structure is in the form of a rectangular narrow slit. The bubble can not develop freely in the narrow slit channel, the share characteristic and the phase distribution characteristic of the bubble are different from those of the circular tube, and the bubble is difficult to meet the requirements of the rectangular channel engineering design based on the empirical relation developed by experimental data in the circular tube.
And the laser technology is an effective method for solving the problem of measuring the share of the hollow bubbles in the rectangular channel. Currently, there are two modes of intervention and non-intervention for measuring cavitation share of gas-liquid two-phase flow. The intervention method can interfere the flow field to a certain extent, has more use limit, but the intervention method can directly measure the cavitation share under the condition of not changing the original motion condition of gas and liquid, and has obvious advantages compared with the intervention method. The laser measurement method is a preferred scheme for solving the problem of measuring cavitation share in a rectangular channel by utilizing the fact that the reflectivity of light is different when the light passes through different media, so that the natural distribution of a flow field and a temperature field in a pipeline is not damaged.
However, the inventors have found that there are certain limitations in measuring the hollow bubble fraction in rectangular channels using laser technology, particularly in the fixing of pipes. At present, the clamping mode commonly used is two to fix the both sides of pipeline through splint, and splint accomplish fixedly based on screw-thread fit, and experimenter if want fixed pipeline, need go rotatory set screw repeatedly, and not only experimental efficiency is comparatively low, and experimenter's intensity of labour is also higher.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the application and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description of the application and in the title of the application, which may not be used to limit the scope of the application.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the laser measurement experiment device for the cavitation share in the rectangular channel comprises an outer frame body, a first connecting channel arranged on the end face of the outer frame body, and radiation equipment and detection equipment respectively arranged on two sides of the end face of the outer frame body; and a pipe passing through the first connection passage and entering the outer frame; and the flow guiding assembly comprises a mounting frame movably arranged in the outer frame, a second connecting channel penetrating through the end face of the mounting frame and a flow guiding wheel rotatably arranged in the mounting frame, and a storage plate for storing a pipeline is integrally formed in the mounting frame.
As a preferred embodiment of the laser measurement test device according to the invention for cavitation contributions in rectangular channels, the device comprises: the end face of the outer frame body is provided with a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly comprises a pressing plate, one end of the pressing plate is provided with a drainage end, the other end of the pressing plate is connected with a stand column in a threaded manner, and the other end of the stand column extends into the outer frame body and is in contact with the end face of the mounting frame; the outer wall of the outer frame body is movably provided with a drawer box.
As a preferred embodiment of the laser measurement test device according to the invention for cavitation contributions in rectangular channels, the device comprises: the outer wall spiro union of mounting bracket has the connection frame, the connection frame is keeping away from the one end of mounting bracket is equipped with the driving disk, just outer wall one side of driving disk is equipped with the guide pillar.
As a preferred embodiment of the laser measurement test device according to the invention for cavitation contributions in rectangular channels, the device comprises: the outer wall of the guide wheel is provided with a transmission groove in a penetrating way, and the transmission groove can be in movable fit with the guide post.
As a preferred embodiment of the laser measurement test device according to the invention for cavitation contributions in rectangular channels, the device comprises: the device also comprises a connecting component, and the connecting component comprises a fixed wheel and a transmission gear movably sleeved outside the fixed wheel.
As a preferred embodiment of the laser measurement test device according to the invention for cavitation contributions in rectangular channels, the device comprises: the inner wall of the outer frame body is provided with a transmission toothed plate which can be meshed and matched with the transmission gear; the position of the fixed wheel is positioned on the outer wall of the driving disc, and the fixed wheel is consistent with the axis of the driving disc.
As a preferred embodiment of the laser measurement test device according to the invention for cavitation contributions in rectangular channels, the device comprises: the outer wall array of tight pulley is equipped with a plurality of arch, just bellied outer wall activity is equipped with the conflict board, the terminal surface of conflict board is equipped with first elastic component, just the one end of first elastic component with the outer wall connection of tight pulley.
As a preferred embodiment of the laser measurement test device according to the invention for cavitation contributions in rectangular channels, the device comprises: the inner wall of the transmission gear is provided with a containing channel, and a collision groove which can be clamped with the collision plate is arranged in the containing channel.
As a preferred embodiment of the laser measurement test device according to the invention for cavitation contributions in rectangular channels, the device comprises: the outer frame body is internally provided with a reset component, and the reset component comprises a connecting chute arranged on the inner end surface of the outer frame body.
As a preferred embodiment of the laser measurement test device according to the invention for cavitation contributions in rectangular channels, the device comprises: the connecting sliding chute is internally provided with two reset sliding blocks in a sliding manner, the end faces of the two reset sliding blocks are respectively and rotatably connected with a reset rod, and one end of the reset rod, which is far away from the reset sliding blocks, is hinged with the mounting frame;
two second elastic pieces are symmetrically arranged in the connecting sliding groove, and one ends of the two second elastic pieces are respectively connected with the outer walls of the two reset sliding blocks.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the pipeline is measured, the pipeline is only required to be inserted into the outer frame body, and the plurality of connecting channels are enough to complete the fixation of the pipeline.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole and its partial enlarged structure in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an overall front cross-sectional structure in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a inducer according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the "a" section structure in the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in a first embodiment of the present invention, a laser measurement experiment apparatus for measuring cavitation in a rectangular channel is provided, and when a pipeline is measured, only the pipeline is required to be inserted into an outer frame body 100, and a plurality of connecting channels are sufficient to complete the fixing of the pipeline.
Specifically, the outer frame 100, a first connecting channel 100a provided on an end surface of the outer frame 100, and a radiation device J-1 and a detection device J-2 provided on both sides of the end surface of the outer frame 100, respectively; and a duct that enters the outer frame body 100 by penetrating the first connection passage 100 a; and the flow guiding assembly 200 comprises a mounting frame 201 movably arranged in the outer frame body 100, a second connecting channel 201a penetrating through the end surface of the mounting frame 201, and a flow guiding wheel 202 rotatably arranged in the mounting frame 201, and a storage plate 201b for storing the pipeline is integrally formed in the mounting frame 201.
When the pipe is inserted into the outer frame 100, the pipe passes through the first connection channel 100a and the second connection channel 201a in sequence and contacts the guide wheel 202, thereby completing the fixing of the pipe.
On the premise of not intervening in the flow channel and not interfering with the flow, the laser has different reflectivities in different media, the laser formed by the laser source placed in the shielding chamber passing through the collimator passes through the flow channel, the attenuated laser signal is received by the detector at the other side of the flow channel, and the cavitation share in the flow channel can be obtained by the entering and exiting intensities of the laser.
Because the different sizes of the flow channels can directly influence the attenuation process of the laser, the selection of the laser source and the detector can be changed aiming at the measurement process under different working conditions so as to meet the requirement of measurement precision.
The penetration capability of the laser is increased along with the increase of energy, the blocking capability of water and air to the laser is very low, the difference between the water and the air is very small, and the laser energy is theoretically as small as possible; however, the influence of the tube wall on the laser light must also be taken into account, so that the radiation device J-1 and the detection device J-2 of suitable energy should be selected in combination.
To obtain a narrow beam laser meeting the measurement requirements, a collimator (pre-collimator) should be arranged behind the radiation device J-1 and a collimator (post-collimator) should be arranged in front of the detection device J-2. The radiation device J-1, collimator and detection device J-2 are axially symmetrically arranged.
In a specific measurement process, the laser intensities Ng and Nf of the radiation equipment J-1 in the full gas and full water states in the flow channel can be measured respectively; measuring the count N of the radiation equipment J-1 to the laser intensity under the condition of stabilizing the two-phase flow; finally, ng, nf and N are taken into the following formula,
To obtain the cavitation fraction under this condition.
Preferably, the end face of the outer frame 100 is provided with a transmission assembly 101, the transmission assembly 101 comprises a pressing plate 101a, one end of the pressing plate 101a is provided with a drainage end 101a-1, the other end of the pressing plate 101a is in threaded connection with a stand column 101b, and the other end of the stand column 101b extends into the outer frame 100 and contacts with the end face of the mounting frame 201; the drawer box 100b is movably provided on the outer wall of the outer frame 100.
The transmission assembly 101 may assist in this embodiment, i.e. help the experimenter to better insert the pipe into the first connecting channel 100a, while in the following embodiment, the transmission assembly 101 may further push the mounting frame 201 to perform a displacement in a vertical direction through the connection of the pressing plate 101a and the upright 101b, which will not be described herein.
And the drawer box 100b may collect the tubes that fall off the inducer 202 for the experimenter to take.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a second embodiment of the present invention is based on the previous embodiment, but a way of collecting the pipes by the diversion assembly 200 is provided.
Specifically, the outer wall of the mounting frame 201 is screwed with a connection frame 201c, one end of the connection frame 201c far away from the mounting frame 201 is provided with a driving disc 203, and one side of the outer wall of the driving disc 203 is provided with a guide pillar 203a. The driving disc 203 can rotate, and in order to improve stability during movement, the driving disc 203 is composed of two groups and is connected by a guide post 203a, and the guide post 203a is disposed at a position far from the axial direction of the driving disc 203.
The outer wall of the inducer 202 is provided with a transmission groove 202a which can be movably matched with the guide post 203 a. The driving groove 202a has two functions, namely, the driving groove 202a is matched with the guide post 203a, so that the driving disc 203 drives the guide wheel 202 to rotate; secondly, the pipeline passes through each connecting channel, one end of the pipeline enters the transmission groove 202a, and when the guide wheel 202 rotates, the pipeline falls off from the transmission groove 202a to enter the storage plate 201b, so that the experimenter can conveniently take the pipeline.
The connecting assembly 300 further comprises a connecting assembly 300, and the connecting assembly 300 comprises a fixed wheel 301 and a transmission gear 302 movably sleeved outside the fixed wheel 301. The inner wall of the outer frame body 100 is provided with a transmission toothed plate 100c which can be meshed and matched with the transmission gear 302; the fixed wheel 301 is located on the outer wall of the driving disc 203, and the fixed wheel 301 is consistent with the axis of the driving disc 203. When the transmission gear 302 is meshed with the transmission toothed plate 100c, the transmission gear 302 drives the driving disc 203 to rotate through the fixed wheel 301.
The outer wall array of the fixed wheel 301 is provided with a plurality of bulges 301a, the outer wall of each bulge 301a is movably provided with a collision plate 303, the end face of each collision plate 303 is provided with a first elastic piece 303a, and one end of each first elastic piece 303a is connected with the outer wall of the fixed wheel 301. The first elastic member 303a is a compression spring, as shown in fig. 4, when the abutting plate 303 and the end surface of the protrusion 301a are located on the same plane, the abutting plate 303 rotates to a maximum angle.
An accommodating channel 302a is formed in the inner wall of the transmission gear 302, and an abutting groove 302a-1 capable of being clamped with the abutting plate 303 is formed in the accommodating channel 302 a. Only when the interference plate 303 is rotated to the maximum angle, the interference plate 303 will contact the interference groove 302a-1, and in this embodiment, the number of the interference plates 303 is four to ensure that the transmission gear 302 is concentric with the fixed sheave 301.
In summary, when the pipe is fixed before the measurement, the pipe may be inserted from the first connection passage 100a, and the pipe may penetrate the second connection passage 201a and enter the transmission groove 202 a. At this time, a measurement experiment can be performed on the pipeline, after the measurement is finished, an experimenter can press the pressing plate 101a in the transmission assembly 101, under the connection of the upright post 101b, the mounting frame 201 is vertically downward, and the mounting frame 201 has a certain resetting capability.
When the mounting frame 201 moves downwards, the transmission gear 302 will rotate anticlockwise, and cannot be meshed with the transmission toothed plate 100c due to the arrangement of the accommodating channel 302a, the abutting groove 302a-1 in the accommodating channel 302a will continuously press the abutting plate 303, so that the transmission gear 302 is not concentric with the fixed wheel 301, and the mounting frame 201 starts to rebound until the guide wheel 202 drives the pipeline to enter the outer frame 100 and approach to the middle position.
During rebound of the mounting frame 201, the transmission gear 302 will rotate clockwise due to the transmission toothed plate 100c, and the interference groove 302a-1 in the receiving channel 302a will interfere with the interference plate 303, so that the transmission gear 302 is fixed on the fixed wheel 301 and kept concentric. The transmission gear 302 will also mesh with the transmission toothed plate 100c, driving the fixed wheel 301 to rotate.
The fixed wheel 301 in the rotating state will enable the inducer 202 to rotate through the cooperation of the guide post 203a and the transmission groove 202a, that is, when the driving disc 203 rotates once, the inducer 202 rotates 72 degrees, if there is only one pipe on the inducer 202, after the inducer 202 rotates twice, the pipe will drop into the storage plate 201b under the influence of gravity.
It should be noted that when one pipe is measured and another pipe needs to be measured, the lifting of the transmission assembly 101 will be a measurement signal, that is, when the mounting frame 201 is reset, until the platen 101a is fully lifted, it is illustrated that it is fully reset, and at this time, the pipe is inserted, and the pipe can not enter the transmission groove 202 a.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a third embodiment of the present invention is based on the previous embodiment, but a manner of resetting the mounting frame 201 is provided.
Specifically, the outer frame 100 is further provided with a reset assembly 400, and the reset assembly 400 includes a connecting chute 401a disposed on an inner end surface of the outer frame 100. Two reset slide blocks 401 are arranged in the connecting sliding groove 401a in a sliding manner, the end faces of the two reset slide blocks 401 are respectively and rotatably connected with a reset rod 402, and one end, far away from the reset slide blocks 401, of the reset rod 402 is hinged with the mounting frame 201; wherein the connecting chute 401a is used for providing the reset slider 401 to perform displacement in the horizontal direction.
Two second elastic pieces 403 are symmetrically arranged in the connecting chute 401a, and one ends of the two second elastic pieces 403 are respectively connected with the outer walls of the two reset slide blocks 401. Wherein the second elastic member 403 is a compression spring.
To sum up, when the mounting frame 201 has a certain pressing force, the two reset sliders 401 will be driven to separate from each other by the two reset levers 402, and the second elastic member 403 deforms in the process that the two reset sliders 401 separate from each other, so that the mounting frame 201 has a certain rebound capability.
It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the application as shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters (e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of present application. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present applications. Therefore, the application is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Furthermore, in an effort to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not be described (i.e., those not associated with the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention, or those not associated with practicing the invention).
It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. Laser measurement experimental apparatus to cavitation share in rectangular channel, its characterized in that: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
The device comprises an outer frame body (100), a first connecting channel (100 a) arranged on the end face of the outer frame body (100), and radiation equipment (J-1) and detection equipment (J-2) respectively arranged on two sides of the end face of the outer frame body (100); and
A duct that enters into the outer frame body (100) through the first connection passage (100 a); and
The guide assembly (200) comprises a mounting frame (201) movably arranged in the outer frame body (100), a second connecting channel (201 a) penetrating through the end face of the mounting frame (201) and a guide wheel (202) rotatably arranged in the mounting frame (201), and a storage plate (201 b) for accommodating a pipeline is integrally formed in the mounting frame (201);
the end face of the outer frame body (100) is provided with a transmission assembly (101), the transmission assembly (101) comprises a pressing plate (101 a), one end of the pressing plate (101 a) is provided with a drainage end (101 a-1), the other end of the pressing plate (101 a) is connected with a stand column (101 b) in a threaded mode, and the other end of the stand column (101 b) extends into the outer frame body (100) and is in contact with the end face of the mounting frame (201); the drawer box (100 b) is movably arranged on the outer wall of the outer frame body (100);
The outer wall of the mounting frame (201) is in threaded connection with a connecting frame (201 c), a driving disc (203) is arranged at one end, away from the mounting frame (201), of the connecting frame (201 c), and a guide pillar (203 a) is arranged at one side of the outer wall of the driving disc (203);
the outer wall of the guide wheel (202) is provided with a transmission groove (202 a) which can be in movable fit with the guide post (203 a) in a penetrating way.
2. The laser measurement experiment apparatus for cavitation share in rectangular channels as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the connecting device is characterized by further comprising a connecting assembly (300), wherein the connecting assembly (300) comprises a fixed wheel (301) and a transmission gear (302) movably sleeved outside the fixed wheel (301).
3. The laser measurement experiment apparatus for cavitation share in rectangular channel as claimed in claim 2, wherein: a transmission toothed plate (100 c) which can be meshed and matched with the transmission gear (302) is arranged on the inner wall of the outer frame body (100);
The fixed wheel (301) is positioned on the outer wall of the driving disc (203), and the fixed wheel (301) is consistent with the axis of the driving disc (203).
4. A laser measurement experiment apparatus for cavitation share in rectangular channels as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the outer wall array of tight pulley (301) is equipped with a plurality of arch (301 a), just the outer wall activity of arch (301 a) is equipped with conflict board (303), the terminal surface of conflict board (303) is equipped with first elastic component (303 a), just the one end of first elastic component (303 a) with the outer wall connection of tight pulley (301).
5. The laser measurement experiment apparatus for cavitation share in rectangular channel as claimed in claim 4, wherein: an accommodating channel (302 a) is formed in the inner wall of the transmission gear (302), and an abutting groove (302 a-1) which can be clamped with the abutting plate (303) is formed in the accommodating channel (302 a).
6. The laser measurement experiment apparatus for cavitation share in rectangular channels as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outer frame body (100) is internally provided with a reset assembly (400), and the reset assembly (400) comprises a connecting chute (401 a) arranged at the inner end surface of the outer frame body (100).
7. The laser measurement experiment apparatus for cavitation share in rectangular channels as claimed in claim 6, wherein: two reset sliding blocks (401) are arranged in the connecting sliding groove (401 a) in a sliding mode, reset rods (402) are connected to the end faces of the two reset sliding blocks (401) in a rotating mode, and the reset rods (402) are hinged to the mounting frame (201) at one ends away from the reset sliding blocks (401);
Two second elastic pieces (403) are symmetrically arranged in the connecting chute (401 a), and one ends of the two second elastic pieces (403) are respectively connected with the outer walls of the two reset sliding blocks (401).
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