CN117171083A - NAK-based system for adaptively repairing PCIE interface interconnection link - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of computers, in particular to a system for adaptively repairing PCIE interface interconnection links based on NAK, wherein a transmitting end and a receiving end are connected by adopting PCIE interfaces, a transmitting end data link layer is used for generating a transmitting end link data packet to be transmitted to the receiving end and storing the transmitting end link data packet in a transmitting end retransmission backup module according to sequence numbers; if the ACK is received, deleting the data packet of the sequence number corresponding to the ACK and the previous sequence number in the retransmission backup module of the transmitting end; the transmitting end data monitoring and repairing module acquires NAK, and if the NAK passes the verification, the NAK is transmitted to the transmitting end data link layer; otherwise, the NAK is updated and then sent to a data link layer of a sending end; and the data link layer of the transmitting end retransmits the sequence number in the NAK and the previous data packet to the receiving end from the retransmission backup module according to the sequence number in the NAK. The invention improves the reliability and stability of the PCIE interface interconnection link.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computers, in particular to a NAK-based system for adaptively repairing PCIE interface interconnection links.
Background
The Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIE) interface belongs to a full duplex point-to-point high-speed serial bus interface, has strong topological characteristics, and can be used as an interface for interconnecting external equipment and a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and can be used as an interconnection interface for interconnecting the external equipment and the external equipment or between the external equipment and high-bandwidth storage. Under the condition that no other mechanism is guaranteed, when a link is subjected to environmental electromagnetic interference and other reasons, the data link layer receives Nak (Negative Acknowledgment), and has CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) check errors in a certain time period, so that the data link layer at the transmitting end cannot answer, the data link layer at the transmitting end waits for overtime to trigger a retransmission mechanism, and when the retransmission times reach a retransmission threshold and still cannot receive correct Nak, the PCIE link enters an infinite loop periodic link training state, namely a deadlock state, and under the deadlock state, the link is always in an initialization state, so that the link cannot normally transmit data, and the reliability and stability of the PCIE interface interconnection link are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a NAK-based system for adaptively repairing PCIE interface interconnection links, which improves the reliability and stability of the PCIE interface interconnection links.
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for NAK-based adaptive repair of PCIE interface interconnect links,
the PCIE data transmission system comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the transmitting end and the receiving end are connected by adopting a PCIE interface, the transmitting end comprises a transmitting end data link layer, a transmitting end retransmission backup module and a transmitting end data monitoring and repairing module, and the transmitting end retransmission backup module is arranged in the transmitting end data link layer; ,
the sending end data link layer is used for generating a sending end link data packet and sending the sending end link data packet to the receiving end, and storing the sending end link data packet in the sending end retransmission backup module according to the sequence of the sequence numbers, wherein the sending end link data packet comprises the sequence numbers and data to be sent;
if the receiving end receives the link data packet of the transmitting end and detects no error, generating a reply message ACK which confirms that the data packet is received and is correct, and transmitting the ACK to the transmitting end;
the sending end data link layer is used for analyzing the sequence number corresponding to the ACK from the ACK, and deleting the sending end link data packet corresponding to the sequence number corresponding to the ACK and the sequence number before the sequence number corresponding to the ACK in the sending end retransmission backup module;
if the receiving end receives the link data packet of the transmitting end and detects errors, generating a response message NAK confirming that the data packet is received but the errors exist, and transmitting the NAK to the transmitting end, wherein the NAK comprises a serial number and an original check code CRC0;
the transmitting end data monitoring and repairing module is used for acquiring NAK, and if the NAK passes the CRC 0-based check, the NAK is transmitted to the transmitting end data link layer; if the check is not passed, judging whether the sequence number in the NAK is correct, if the sequence number in the NAK is correct, generating an update check code CRC1 based on the sequence number in the NAK, replacing CRC0 with CRC1, and transmitting the NAK after updating to the data link layer of the transmitting end; if the sequence number in the NAK is incorrect, determining an updated sequence number based on CRC0, replacing the sequence number in the NAK with the updated sequence number, and transmitting the NAK to the data link layer of the transmitting end after updating;
the data link layer of the transmitting end is used for resolving the sequence number corresponding to the NAK from the NAK, and retransmitting the link data packet corresponding to the sequence number corresponding to the NAK in the local retransmission backup module and the sequence number before the sequence number corresponding to the NAK to the receiving end.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects. By means of the technical scheme, the NAK-based system for adaptively repairing the PCIE interface interconnection link can achieve quite technical progress and practicality, has wide industrial utilization value, and has at least the following beneficial effects:
according to the system, the transmitting end data monitoring and repairing module is arranged at the transmitting end, the link state is monitored in real time, and when NAK factors possibly enabling the PCIE link to enter an infinite cyclic periodic link training state occur in the link, the PCIE interface interconnection link is repaired in time based on NAK self-adaption, so that the reliability and stability of the PCIE interface interconnection link are improved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a system schematic diagram of a NAK-based adaptive repair PCIE interface interconnect link according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a system for adaptively repairing PCIE interface interconnection links based on NAK (Negative Acknowledgment), which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a sending end and a receiving end, wherein the sending end and the receiving end are connected by adopting PCIE interfaces, the sending end comprises a sending end data link layer, a sending end retransmission backup module (Replay Buffer) and a sending end data monitoring repair module, and the sending end retransmission backup module is arranged in the sending end data link layer. And the transmitting end data monitoring and repairing module is connected with the transmitting end data link layer and interacts with the transmitting end retransmission backup module.
The sending end data link layer is configured to generate a sending end link data packet, send the sending end link data packet to the receiving end, and store the sending end link data packet in the sending end retransmission backup module according to a sequence Number sequence, where the sending end link data packet includes a sequence Number (sequence Number) and data to be sent.
If the receiving end receives the link data packet of the transmitting end and detects no error, a reply message ACK (ACKnowledge Character) which confirms that the data packet is received and is correct is generated, and an ACK is sent to the transmitting end.
The sending end data link layer is used for analyzing the sequence number corresponding to the ACK from the ACK, and deleting the sending end link data packet corresponding to the sequence number corresponding to the ACK and the sequence number before the sequence number corresponding to the ACK in the sending end retransmission backup module. It should be noted that, the sender retransmission backup module is a first-in-first-out buffer, and one reply message ACK may be that one sender link data packet corresponds to one reply signal, or that a plurality of consecutive sender link data packets correspond to one reply signal. When an ACK is received, the sequence number corresponding to the ACK and the previous link data packet of the sending end are confirmed to be received by the receiving end and have no error data packet, so that the sending end resends the sequence number corresponding to the ACK and the link data packet of the sending end corresponding to the sequence number before the sequence number corresponding to the ACK in the backup module directly to be deleted.
If the receiving end receives the link data packet of the transmitting end and detects errors, a response message NAK confirming that the data packet is received but the errors exist is generated, and NAK is sent to the transmitting end, wherein the NAK comprises a serial number and an original check code CRC0.CRC0 is generated based on the sequence number of the sender link packet, but may be altered by anomalies during transmission.
The transmitting end data monitoring and repairing module is used for acquiring NAK, and if the NAK passes the CRC 0-based check, the NAK is transmitted to the transmitting end data link layer; if the check is not passed, it may be that the sequence number is abnormal during transmission, the sequence number is changed, or that CRC0 is abnormal during transmission, CRC0 is changed, etc. The transmitting end data monitoring and repairing module judges whether the sequence number in the NAK is correct, if so, generates an update check code CRC1 based on the sequence number in the NAK, replaces CRC0 with CRC1, and transmits the NAK to the transmitting end data link layer after updating; if the sequence number in the NAK is incorrect, determining an updated sequence number based on CRC0, replacing the sequence number in the NAK with the updated sequence number, and transmitting the NAK to the data link layer of the transmitting end after updating. It should be noted that, in the prior art, when the CRC0 check fails, the NAK is deleted, so that the data link layer of the transmitting end cannot receive the NAK, when the waiting reply information of the transmitting end is over time, all data in the backup retransmission module needs to be transmitted to the receiving end, and then when the retransmission frequency exceeds a preset transmission frequency threshold, the link of the transmitting end enters an infinite cyclic periodic link training state, that is, a deadlock state. The system of the invention sets the transmitting end data monitoring and repairing module, when judging that CRC0 in NAK detects abnormality, makes corresponding treatment in time, and sends NAK to the transmitting end data link layer after updating correctly, thereby avoiding PCIE link from entering endless cycle periodic link training state.
The data link layer of the transmitting end is used for resolving the sequence number corresponding to the NAK from the NAK, and retransmitting the link data packet corresponding to the sequence number corresponding to the NAK in the local retransmission backup module and the sequence number before the sequence number corresponding to the NAK to the receiving end.
As an example, the sending-end data monitoring and repairing module determines whether the sequence number in the NAK is correct or not specifically includes: and acquiring a candidate sequence number range, and if the sequence number in the NAK is in the candidate sequence number range, determining that the sequence number in the NAK is correct. It should be noted that, the transmitting end data link layer transmits the transmitting end link data packet according to the sequence number, so when receiving the NAK, the sequence number corresponding to the NAK should be within the adjacent range of the sequence number to be sent out by the transmitting end data link layer at present, so that the candidate sequence number range is obtained first, and then whether the sequence number in the NAK is correct is judged based on the candidate sequence number range, thereby improving the judging efficiency and accuracy.
As an example, the sender data link layer generates the sequence number in a cyclic counting manner, where the value range of the sequence number is [0, N ], for example, n=4096, so when the sequence number that is about to be sent out by the sender data link layer currently is near the critical value N, a situation that the candidate sequence number range falls into two cyclic rounds may occur, and based on this, the system further includes a round counter, where the round counter is used to record a cyclic round value, where the initial value of the cyclic round value is 0, and the cyclic round value in the round counter is added by 1 every time the sequence number is circulated.
As an example, the obtaining, by the sending-end data monitoring repair module, the candidate sequence number range specifically includes: acquiring a next sequence number X to be generated by the data link layer of the transmitting end, a current cycle value Y recorded in a cycle counter and the number Z < N of preset candidate sequence numbers, and if Y is more than or equal to 0 and X is more than Z, determining [ X-Z, X-1] as a candidate sequence number range; if y=0 and X < Z, then determine [0, X-1] as a candidate sequence number range; if Y >0 and X < Z, then [0, X-1] and [ Z-X+1, N ]. By selecting the candidate sequence number range, the sequence number comparison range can be reduced, and the judging efficiency can be improved.
As an example, the sending-end data monitoring repair module determining the update sequence number based on CRC0 specifically includes: and the sending end data monitoring and repairing module predicts an updated sequence number based on CRC0, if the predicted updated sequence number currently exists in the sending end retransmission backup module, the predicted updated sequence number is determined to be the updated sequence number, otherwise, the updated sequence number cannot be determined based on CRC0. The CRC0 is generated based on a sequence number in a transmission-side link packet transmitted by a transmission-side data link layer, and only needs to directly adopt an existing CRC check code generation manner, which is not described here. Therefore, the reverse conversion can be performed based on the CRC0 to predict and update the sequence number, but it can be understood that when the sequence number in the NAK is incorrect, the CRC0 cannot be directly determined to be correct, so that the sequence number is predicted based on the CRC0, and if the sequence number exists in the sender retransmission backup module, it is indicated that the CRC0 is correct, so that the corresponding sequence number in the NAK can be modified correctly, and the correct NAK can be sent to the sender data link layer.
As an example, the sending-end data monitoring and repairing module is further configured to generate a retransmission instruction and send the retransmission instruction to the sending-end data link layer when the sequence number in the NAK is incorrect and the updated sequence number cannot be determined based on CRC0; and the transmitting end data link layer is also used for retransmitting all the transmitting end link data packets currently stored by the transmitting end retransmission backup module to the receiving end when receiving a retransmission instruction. It should be noted that, when the sequence number in NAK is incorrect and the updated sequence number cannot be determined based on CRC0, all the link data packets of the transmitting end currently stored in the transmitting end retransmission backup module are directly retransmitted to the receiving end in advance, so that the deadlock state is not triggered by the link layer of the transmitting end data.
As an example, the sender link data packet further includes a link check code LCRC, where the receiver includes a receiver data link layer, where the receiver data link layer is configured to check whether LCRC of the sender link data packet received by the receiver is correct, if LCRC is incorrect, generate NAK replies to the sender based on the received sender link data packet, if LCRC is correct, determine whether a sequence number of the sender link data packet currently received is correct, if sequence number is correct, generate ACK replies to the sender based on the sequence number packet of the sender link data, and if sequence number is incorrect, generate NAK replies to the sender based on the received sender link data packet.
It can be understood that the receiving end and the sending end connected to the PCIE interface may exchange roles, that is, the receiving end may also be used as the sending end to send a data packet to the opposite end, in this case, one end originally used as the sending end is switched to the role of the receiving end. The PCIE interface interconnect link is generally composed of three parts: the data transaction transmission layer is used for packaging data or instructions sent by the software application layer into data packets of the data transaction transmission layer and sending the data packets to the data link layer; or receiving the data packet transmitted by the data link layer and analyzing the data packet into data or instructions which can be identified by the software application layer. The data link layer plays a role in starting up and down, and is used for further adding a serial number and a link layer data check, abbreviated as LCRC (LCRC) to a data packet sent by the data transaction transmission layer, generating the link data packet of the sending end, sending the link data packet to the data physical layer, backing up the link data packet of the sending end to the sending end retransmission backup module, or analyzing the data packet sent by the data physical layer into the data packet of the data link layer, and also generating Ack, nak and the like. The data physical layer is responsible for sending or receiving data in the bus link, and packaging the data packet sent by the data link layer, namely adding a corresponding packet header and packet tail of the data physical layer, or analyzing the received data packet; for a data physical layer of a transmitting end, data are sequentially loaded with scrambling codes, electromagnetic interference among channels is reduced, and the encoding is used for keeping direct current Balance (DC Balance) and processing by a parallel-serial circuit; for the data physical layer of the receiving end, the data is processed by serial-parallel circuit, decoded and descrambled in sequence. Based on this, as an example, the transmitting end includes a transmitting end data physical layer, the receiving end includes a receiving end data physical layer, and the transmitting end data link layer processes the transmitting end link data packet through the transmitting end data physical layer and the receiving end data physical layer and transmits the processed data packet to the receiving end data link layer. Details of the processing of the transmitting end data physical layer and the receiving end data physical layer are not described in detail. In addition, it can be understood that the receiving end can be provided with a corresponding receiving end data monitoring and repairing module. When the receiving end is switched to the transmitting end, the function realized by the receiving end data monitoring and repairing module is the same as that of the transmitting end data monitoring and repairing module, and the detailed description is omitted.
According to the system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the transmitting end data monitoring and repairing module is arranged at the transmitting end, so that the link state is monitored in real time, and when NAK factors possibly causing the PCIE link to enter an infinite cyclic periodic link training state appear in the link, the PCIE interface interconnection link is repaired in time based on NAK self-adaption, so that the reliability and stability of the PCIE interface interconnection link are improved.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but is intended to be limited to the following embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents and modifications can be made to the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A NAK-based system for adaptively repairing PCIE interface interconnect links, characterized in that,
the PCIE data transmission system comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the transmitting end and the receiving end are connected by adopting a PCIE interface, the transmitting end comprises a transmitting end data link layer, a transmitting end retransmission backup module and a transmitting end data monitoring and repairing module, and the transmitting end retransmission backup module is arranged in the transmitting end data link layer;
the sending end data link layer is used for generating a sending end link data packet and sending the sending end link data packet to the receiving end, and storing the sending end link data packet in the sending end retransmission backup module according to the sequence of the sequence numbers, wherein the sending end link data packet comprises the sequence numbers and data to be sent;
if the receiving end receives the link data packet of the transmitting end and detects no error, generating a reply message ACK which confirms that the data packet is received and is correct, and transmitting the ACK to the transmitting end;
the sending end data link layer is used for analyzing the sequence number corresponding to the ACK from the ACK, and deleting the sending end link data packet corresponding to the sequence number corresponding to the ACK and the sequence number before the sequence number corresponding to the ACK in the sending end retransmission backup module;
if the receiving end receives the link data packet of the transmitting end and detects errors, generating a response message NAK confirming that the data packet is received but the errors exist, and transmitting the NAK to the transmitting end, wherein the NAK comprises a serial number and an original check code CRC0;
the transmitting end data monitoring and repairing module is used for acquiring NAK, and if the NAK passes the CRC 0-based check, the NAK is transmitted to the transmitting end data link layer; if the check is not passed, judging whether the sequence number in the NAK is correct, if the sequence number in the NAK is correct, generating an update check code CRC1 based on the sequence number in the NAK, replacing CRC0 with CRC1, and transmitting the NAK after updating to the data link layer of the transmitting end; if the sequence number in the NAK is incorrect, determining an updated sequence number based on CRC0, replacing the sequence number in the NAK with the updated sequence number, and transmitting the NAK to the data link layer of the transmitting end after updating;
the data link layer of the transmitting end is used for resolving the sequence number corresponding to the NAK from the NAK, and retransmitting the link data packet corresponding to the sequence number corresponding to the NAK in the local retransmission backup module and the sequence number before the sequence number corresponding to the NAK to the receiving end.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a controller configured to control the controller,
the sending end data monitoring and repairing module judges whether the serial number in the NAK is correct or not specifically comprises the following steps:
and acquiring a candidate sequence number range, and if the sequence number in the NAK is in the candidate sequence number range, determining that the sequence number in the NAK is correct.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the system further comprises a controller configured to control the controller,
the system comprises a transmitting end data link layer, a round counter and a round counter, wherein the transmitting end data link layer generates a serial number in a round counting mode, the value range of the serial number is [0, N ], the round counter is used for recording a round value, the initial value of the round value is 0, the serial number is added with 1 in the round value every time the serial number is circulated.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the system further comprises a controller configured to control the controller,
the sending end data monitoring and repairing module obtains a candidate serial number range specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring a next sequence number X to be generated by the data link layer of the transmitting end, a current cycle value Y recorded in a cycle counter and the number Z < N of preset candidate sequence numbers, and if Y is more than or equal to 0 and X is more than Z, determining [ X-Z, X-1] as a candidate sequence number range; if y=0 and X < Z, then determine [0, X-1] as a candidate sequence number range; if Y >0 and X < Z, then [0, X-1] and [ Z-X+1, N ].
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a controller configured to control the controller,
the sending end data monitoring and repairing module determines the updating sequence number based on CRC0 specifically comprises the following steps:
and the sending end data monitoring and repairing module predicts an updated sequence number based on CRC0, if the predicted updated sequence number currently exists in the sending end retransmission backup module, the predicted updated sequence number is determined to be the updated sequence number, otherwise, the updated sequence number cannot be determined based on CRC0.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the system further comprises a controller configured to control the controller,
the sending end data monitoring and repairing module is also used for generating a retransmission instruction to be sent to the sending end data link layer when the sequence number in the NAK is incorrect and the updating sequence number cannot be determined based on CRC0;
and the transmitting end data link layer is also used for retransmitting all the transmitting end link data packets currently stored by the transmitting end retransmission backup module to the receiving end when receiving a retransmission instruction.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a controller configured to control the controller,
the receiving end comprises a receiving end data link layer, the receiving end data link layer is used for checking whether the LCRC of the receiving end received by the receiving end is correct or not, if the LCRC is incorrect, NAK is generated based on the received receiving end link data packet and replied to the sending end, if the LCRC is correct, whether the sequence number of the currently received receiving end link data packet is correct or not is judged, if the sequence number is correct, ACK is generated based on the sequence number of the sending end link data packet and replied to the sending end, and if the sequence number is incorrect, NAK is generated based on the received sending end link data packet and replied to the sending end.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a controller configured to control the controller,
the transmitting end comprises a transmitting end data physical layer, the receiving end comprises a receiving end data physical layer, and the transmitting end data link layer processes the transmitting end link data packet through the transmitting end data physical layer and the receiving end data physical layer and then transmits the processed data packet to the receiving end data link layer.
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| KR20220162336A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-12-08 | 에스케이하이닉스 주식회사 | Peripheral component interconnect express interface device and operating method thereof |
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