CN117169024A - Experimental device and testing method for simulating repeated pressurization of inner cavity of hydrogen storage bottle - Google Patents
Experimental device and testing method for simulating repeated pressurization of inner cavity of hydrogen storage bottle Download PDFInfo
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- CN117169024A CN117169024A CN202311442809.5A CN202311442809A CN117169024A CN 117169024 A CN117169024 A CN 117169024A CN 202311442809 A CN202311442809 A CN 202311442809A CN 117169024 A CN117169024 A CN 117169024A
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of gas storage containers, in particular to an experimental device and a testing method for simulating repeated pressurization of an inner cavity of a hydrogen storage bottle. The experimental device comprises a press, a pressure head, a combined expander, an experimental sample piece, an upper centering uniform force plate, a lower centering uniform force plate, a force sensor, a support ring, a fiber bragg grating sensor, a fiber bragg demodulator, a transmitting instrument, a computer and a USB data line. The test method comprises three parts of experiment preparation, experiment operation and experiment data acquisition and analysis. The invention has various technical advantages: 1) The experimental device occupies small area; 2) The operation process has no explosion risk and high safety; 3) The multifunctional fatigue test machine can be multipurpose, and can meet the requirements of various experimental tests of fatigue and burst; 4) The manufacturing cost of the test piece is saved and the experimental preparation period is shortened without manufacturing a complete container; 5) And an implantable sensor is adopted in the experimental process, so that the full-period monitoring of the internal parameter pressurization process of the container is easy to realize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas storage containers, in particular to an experimental device and a testing method for simulating repeated pressurization of an inner cavity of a hydrogen storage bottle.
Background
In the design and manufacturing process of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle, in order to ensure that the strength of the container reaches the design strength and prevent the container from being damaged in the normal use process, a pressurizing experiment is required to be carried out on the container. According to past experience, the easy place of losing efficacy position that takes place of high pressure hydrogen storage bottle in the course of working is located the body middle section, therefore the key evaluation position of pressurization experiment is in the body middle section of hydrogen storage bottle. In general, the pressurization test is classified into a cyclic pressurization fatigue test and a high pressure burst test.
At present, a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is subjected to a cyclic pressurization fatigue experiment, a container is generally filled with corrosion-free high-pressure liquid, the container is placed in a narrow test deep well in order to prevent safety accidents caused by container explosion, and then the container is pressurized by using a hydraulic device so as to simulate the pressure born by the container in the working process. The hydrogen storage bottle is circularly pressurized for a plurality of times through the hydraulic device, so as to test the fatigue performance of the hydrogen storage bottle. The method has the advantages of being similar to the actual working environment of the hydrogen storage bottle and smaller in experimental error. However, the method has a plurality of defects, such as complex experimental operation, large occupied space, low experimental safety, inconvenient arrangement of test signal wires and sensor instruments, and high requirements on experimental equipment and experimental places. In addition, the experiment needs to completely manufacture the whole hydrogen storage bottle, the experiment cost is high, and the preparation period of the experiment is long. And experimental data of pressure change and test piece strain change in the whole experimental process cannot be obtained.
The high-pressure bursting test is carried out on the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle, and similar to the cyclic pressurization fatigue test, the container is filled with non-corrosive high-pressure liquid, so that the container is required to be placed in a narrow test deep well for preventing safety accidents caused by explosion of the container, and then the container is pressurized by using a hydraulic device so as to simulate the pressure born by the container in the working process. The hydrogen storage bottle is pressurized by a hydraulic device until the container bursts, so that the ultimate strength of the hydrogen storage bottle is tested. Similar to the cyclic pressurization fatigue experiment, the method has the advantages of being similar to the actual working environment of the hydrogen storage bottle and smaller in experimental error. However, the method has a plurality of defects, such as complex experimental operation, large occupied space, low experimental safety, inconvenient arrangement of test signal wires and sensor instruments, and high requirements on experimental equipment and experimental places. Especially when carrying out the repeated pressurization experiment of superhigh pressure hydrogen storage bottle, the potential safety hazard of experiment is bigger. The whole hydrogen storage bottle is required to be manufactured completely in the experiment, the experiment cost is high, and the preparation period of the experiment is long. And experimental data of pressure change and test piece strain change in the whole experimental process cannot be obtained.
The structure of the tensioning sleeve and the tensioning block in the clamping device for piston processing, as proposed in Chinese patent publication No. CN217412495U, can convert axial force into radial force, and has a plurality of defects if the structure is used for simulating the pressurizing experiment of the inner cavity of the hydrogen storage bottle. As shown in fig. 1 of the document, one end of a metal sheet shown at 22 is fixed on the front end surface of a metal cylinder shown at 21 in the circumferential direction, the other end is movable, when the metal sheet is subjected to pressure exerted leftwards by a tensioning block, the left side is fixed, and the right side is deformed in a flowering shape. In addition, the inner side surface of the metal sheet in the structure is an inclined surface with a wide front part and a narrow rear part, the problem of uneven material deformation caused by the asymmetric thickness of the two ends of the metal sheet when the metal sheet is subjected to pressure perpendicular to the inner side surface is not considered, the uneven stress of the inner surface of the test piece can be caused, and the experimental error is further increased. Compared with the structure, the invention has low force control precision, uneven load distribution, and incapability of accurately simulating uniform load borne by the inner surface of the test piece, and incapability of monitoring strain change and health state of the test sample piece in a full period in the test process. The structure cannot be used for carrying out strain calibration experiments on a test piece and simulating the pressurizing experiments of the inner cavity of the hydrogen storage bottle.
In view of the above problems, a solution is proposed below.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an experimental device and a testing method for simulating repeated pressurization of an inner cavity of a hydrogen storage bottle, and the experimental device and the testing method have the advantages of more convenience in repeated pressurization experiment of the hydrogen storage bottle, lower cost and higher safety.
The technical aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an experimental apparatus for be used for simulating hydrogen storage bottle inner chamber repeatedly pressurized, includes press, combination expander and data processing device, be connected with the pressure head on the output shaft of press, be equipped with down centering equal force board on the load-carrying platform of press, the top of lower centering equal force board is provided with force transducer, force transducer's top is equipped with centering equal force board, the up end of going up centering equal force board is equipped with the supporting ring, the combination expander sets up the up end at the supporting ring, the cover is equipped with experimental sample piece on the outer fringe of combination expander, the pressure head inserts down in combination expander to make combination expander inflation, data processing device is connected to force transducer and combination expander through the wire on to collect the data of combination expander and force transducer, data processing device includes computer, fiber grating sensor, fiber demodulation appearance and changer, the changer passes through the data line and connects computer and force transducer respectively, fiber grating sensor is connected with the surface of experimental sample piece, the opposite side fiber grating sensor passes through the wire demodulation appearance and is connected to the computer through on the fiber demodulation appearance.
Preferably, the pressure head is in an inverted truncated cone shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the bus inclination of the outer surface of the pressure head is 1:50-1:2; the pressure head is internally provided with lightening holes, and the number of the lightening holes is not less than 1.
The experimental sample piece comprises an annular lining and a carbon fiber layer wound on the surface of the annular lining, wherein the carbon fiber layer is wound in a circumferential winding or spiral winding mode so as to simulate a real carbon fiber composite material hydrogen storage bottle.
Preferably, the combined expander comprises a plurality of sub-expansion bodies, the number of the sub-expansion bodies is not less than two, the sub-expansion bodies are combined into a cylinder shape, the sub-expansion bodies are mutually independent, the outer surface of the combined expander is a rotary cylindrical surface, the inner surface of the combined expander is a rotary conical surface, the rotary central axes of the inner surface and the outer surface of the combined expander are coincident, the interface between two adjacent sub-expansion bodies is a plane passing through the rotary axis, and the bus slope of the inner surface of the combined expander is equal to the bus slope of the outer surface of the pressure head.
Preferably, the radius of the large end of the inner conical surface of the combined expander is smaller than the radius of the upper surface of the pressing head, the radius of the small end of the inner conical surface of the combined expander is larger than the radius of the lower surface of the pressing head of the round table, and the included angle between the revolution generatrix of the outer surface of the combined expander and the ground is between 85 degrees and 90 degrees.
Preferably, the supporting ring is cylindrical, and the radius of the inner surface of the supporting ring is larger than the radius of the bottom end of the inner conical surface of the combined type expander and smaller than the radius of the outer surface of the combined type expander; the support ring has an outer surface radius greater than the outer surface radius of the modular expander.
Preferably, the upper centering uniform force plate and the lower centering uniform force plate are provided with threaded holes matched with the force sensor, two ends of the force sensor are respectively connected with the upper centering uniform force plate and the lower centering uniform force plate in a threaded manner, a slightly protruding cylinder is arranged at the central position of the upper centering uniform force plate, and the diameter of the cylinder is smaller than the inner diameter of the supporting ring.
Preferably, a test method for simulating repeated pressurization of an internal cavity of a hydrogen storage bottle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing an experiment, namely assembling a press, a pressure head, a combined expander, an experiment sample, a support ring, an upper centering force-equalizing plate, a force sensor and a lower centering force-equalizing plate in sequence from top to bottom, and placing the assembled parts on a press workbench; the experimental sample piece is sleeved outside the combined expander to perform centering and adjustment; according to the centering structure arranged on the two centering force plates, each part of the device is ensured to always maintain a centering state in the experimental process; coating lubricating oil or lubricating grease between the lower surface of the combined expander and the upper surface of the supporting ring;
experimental operations, including radial pressure operations and axial pressure operations,
radial pressure operation is carried out, a press machine is started to drive a pressure head to axially extrude a combined expander, and the combined expander radially extrudes an experimental sample to generate pressure required by an experiment; continuing to move the ram downward until the force sensor reading reaches the expected value; then lifting the hydraulic rod of the press until the hydraulic rod is completely separated from the pressure head; repeating the experimental steps, and recording the readings of the force sensor and the fiber grating sensor in the experimental process to simulate the cyclic pressurization fatigue experimental process of the hydrogen storage bottle;
the axial pressure operation is carried out, a press machine is started to drive a pressure head to axially extrude a combined expander, the combined expander radially extrudes an experimental sample, the pressure required by bursting of the test piece is generated until the experimental sample is damaged, and readings of a force sensor and an optical fiber sensor are recorded in the experimental process, namely the high-pressure bursting experimental process of the simulated hydrogen storage bottle;
and (3) collecting and analyzing experimental data, wherein a force sensor is used for monitoring pressure change born by an experimental sample in the experimental process, and a fiber bragg grating sensor is used for monitoring strain change and health state of the experimental sample.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention has simple structure, easy manufacture, low cost and small occupied area.
2. The invention has low risk coefficient and high safety in the operation process.
3. The invention does not need to completely manufacture the whole container, increases the convenience of experiments and reduces the preparation time of the experiments.
4. The invention adds the implanted sensor, is easy to realize the full period monitoring of the internal parameter pressurization process of the container, and forms a reference for comparison with the design parameters.
5. The external dimension of the outer surface of the combined expander is adjusted, so that the stress born by the inner surface of the experimental test piece is more uniform.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a part of the experimental device in the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view, a top view, and a schematic three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of a modular expander;
FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the combined expander according to the embodiment and comprising 4 sub-expansion bodies;
FIG. 5 is a front cross-sectional view and a top view of an embodiment ram;
FIG. 6 is a front view and a top view of a center force plate in an embodiment;
fig. 7 is a front view and a top view of the center force plate in an embodiment.
Reference numerals: 1. a press; 2. a lower centering force-equalizing plate; 3. a force sensor; 4. an upper centering force-equalizing plate; 5. a support ring; 6. an experimental sample; 7. a combination expander; 8. a pressure head; 9. a transmitting instrument; 10. a computer; 11. an optical fiber demodulator; 12. a fiber grating sensor.
Detailed Description
The following description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the examples, but should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention. Wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals.
As shown in figures 1 to 7, the invention designs a novel experimental device for simulating repeated pressurization of an inner cavity of a hydrogen storage bottle, a section of metal round tube is used as an annular lining, a carbon fiber layer made of carbon fiber composite materials is wound outside the annular lining, and the carbon fiber layer is used as an experimental sample 6 to simulate an explosive section in the middle of the bottle body of the hydrogen storage bottle. The press 1 and the combined expander 7 are used as an internal pressure simulation generator.
When the pressure rod of the press 1 moves vertically downwards, the working pressure born by the high-pressure container in the working process can be simulated, and the pressure of the pressure rod is controlled by the data processing device in a feedback manner, so that the expansion pressure is accurately simulated.
Because the easy-to-lose-efficacy part of the hydrogen storage bottle is the middle section of the bottle body, the experimental sample piece 6 is designed into a cylinder shape to simulate the middle section of the bottle body of the hydrogen storage bottle. The device is favorable for saving materials, shortening the experiment preparation period, and being capable of being repeatedly used, so that repeated pressurization experiments of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle are more convenient, the experiment cost is reduced, and the experiment safety is improved.
On the bearing platform of the press 1, a lower centering uniform force plate 2, a force sensor 3, an upper centering uniform force plate 4, a supporting ring 5 and a combined expander 7 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The ram 8 may be connected to the output shaft of the press 1 or may be placed directly on the combined expander 7. Centering is required between the respective members so that the central axes of the respective members are positioned on the same straight line.
The pressure head 8 is in an inverted truncated cone shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the bus inclination of the outer surface of the pressure head 8 is 1:50-1:2; the pressure head 8 is internally provided with lightening holes, the number of the lightening holes is not less than 1, and the lightening holes can reduce the material consumption of the pressure head 8, thereby reducing the weight of the pressure head 8. In the design, the diameter of the top of the pressure head 8 is 154mm, the gradient is 1:17, and the height is 204mm.
The experimental sample piece 6 is in a circular tube shape and is used for simulating the middle section of the gas storage bottle. The experimental sample piece 6 comprises an annular lining and a carbon fiber layer wound on the surface of the annular lining, wherein the carbon fiber layer is made of a long-strip-shaped carbon fiber material and is fixed on the outer surface of the annular lining in a circumferential winding or spiral winding mode.
The combined expander 7 comprises a plurality of sub-expansion bodies, the number of the sub-expansion bodies is not less than two, and the plurality of sub-expansion bodies are mutually independent and separable. The plurality of sub-expansion bodies are surrounded to form a cylindrical combined expansion valve. The experimental sample 6 is sleeved on the outer surface of the combined expander 7, and when the combined expander 7 expands, thrust is generated on the experimental sample 6 so as to simulate the air pressure in the air storage bottle.
The outer surface of the combined expander 7 is a rotary cylindrical surface, and the inner surface is a rotary conical surface. The rotation central axes of the inner surface and the outer surface of the combined expander 7 are coincident, the interface between two adjacent sub-expansion bodies is a plane passing through the rotation axis, and the bus inclination of the inner surface of the combined expander 7 is equal to the bus inclination of the outer surface of the pressure head 8.
The radius of the large end of the inner conical surface of the combined expander 7 is smaller than the radius of the upper surface of the pressing head 8, and the radius of the small end of the inner conical surface of the combined expander is larger than the radius of the lower surface of the circular truncated cone pressing head 8; the included angle between the revolution generatrix of the outer surface of the combined type expander 7 and the ground is between 85 degrees and 90 degrees. In the design, the diameter of the combined expander 7 is 213mm, the height is 136mm, the diameter of the large end of the inner conical surface is 150mm, the gradient is 1:17, and the height is 136mm.
The support ring 5 is cylindrical, and the height of the support ring 5 should allow enough space for the up-and-down movement of the ram 8. The radius of the inner surface of the supporting ring 5 is larger than the radius of the bottom end of the inner conical surface of the combined type expander 7 and smaller than the radius of the outer surface of the combined type expander 7; the radius of the outer surface of the support ring 5 is larger than the radius of the outer surface of the combined expander 7. In the design, the outer diameter of the supporting ring 5 is 300mm, the thickness is 75mm, and the height is 100mm.
In the design, the materials of the pressure head 8, the combined expander 7 and the supporting ring 5 are all 45 # steel.
The data processing device comprises a computer 10, a fiber bragg grating sensor 12, a fiber bragg grating demodulator 11 and a transmitting instrument 9, wherein the transmitting instrument 9 is respectively connected with the computer 10 and the force sensor 3 through data wires. The fiber bragg grating sensor 12 is tightly attached to the surface of the experimental sample piece 6, and the fiber bragg grating sensor 12 can be tightly attached to the outer surface of the annular lining, the inner part of the carbon fiber layer or the outer surface of the carbon fiber layer, or distributed at multiple points and multiple positions. The fiber grating sensor 12 is connected with the fiber demodulator 11 through a data line, and the fiber demodulator 11 is connected with the computer 10 through a data line.
The use method comprises the steps of firstly selecting the appearance and the size of each experimental device and processing and manufacturing. The combined expander 7 comprises four sub-expanders with the same external dimensions, the gradient of the internal conical surface bus is 1:17, the outer diameter of the annular lining of the experimental sample piece 6 is 219 mm, the wall thickness is 2 mm, and the height is 100mm. Then, each experimental device was connected, and a power supply was connected. It is noted that in order to reduce the influence of friction on the experiment, it is necessary to apply a lubricating oil or grease between the lower surface of the combination expander 7 and the upper surface of the support ring 5.
Firstly, a cyclic pressurization fatigue experiment of a simulated hydrogen storage bottle is carried out. During an experiment, the press 1 is started to drive the hydraulic rod to vertically move downwards, the hydraulic rod moves to be closely attached to the pressure head 8, the pressure head 8 extrudes the combined expander 7, and the combined expander 7 extrudes the experiment sample 6 to generate pressure required by the experiment; continuing to move the ram 8 down until the force sensor 3 reading reaches the expected value, the force sensor 3 reading at that time is recorded. And then lifting the hydraulic rod until the hydraulic rod is completely separated from the pressure head 8, recording the reading of the fiber bragg grating sensor 12 in the whole experimental process, and repeating the experimental steps to simulate the cyclic pressurization fatigue experiment of the hydrogen storage bottle.
And secondly, simulating a high-pressure bursting experiment of the hydrogen storage bottle. During the experiment, start press 1 drives the vertical downward movement of hydraulic stem, moves to closely laminating with pressure head 8, and pressure head 8 extrudees combination expander 7 this moment, and combination expander 7 extrudees experiment sample 6, produces the required pressure of experiment, continues to make pressure head 8 move down to experiment sample 6 and breaks, takes place the destruction, the record force transducer 3 reading this moment. And then lifting the hydraulic rod until the hydraulic rod is completely separated from the pressure head 8, and recording the reading of the fiber bragg grating sensor 12 in the whole experiment process, namely the high-pressure burst experiment of the simulated hydrogen storage bottle.
The pressure born by the inner surface of the experimental sample piece 6 can be obtained by combining, decomposing and mathematical operation of the force by knowing the inclination of the pressure head 8 and the pressure of the hydraulic rod vertically downwards.
Wherein,the stress on the inner surface of the experimental sample is +.>In terms of the magnitude of the vertical downward force of the hydraulic lever,is the ram slope.
When the press 1 provides a pressure of 50 tons, the test piece 6 is stressed at about 126 mpa.
The present invention uses the axial pressure provided by the press 1 to simulate the radial pressure of the high pressure gas to the vessel and uses the experimental sample 6 to simulate the entire hydrogen storage bottle. In addition, the invention is innovative in that the shape and the size of the outer surface of the combined expander 7 are adjusted in consideration of the problem that the combined expander 7 is unevenly deformed when being stressed, so that the stress on the inner surface of the experimental sample 6 is even.
It should be noted that in order to prevent the experimental apparatus from being destroyed during the experiment, the hydraulic rod of the press 1 should be slowly lowered and the pressure monitored at any time.
The technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention have been further described in detail in the above-described embodiments, and it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The experimental device for simulating repeated pressurization of an inner cavity of a hydrogen storage bottle comprises a press (1), a combined expander (7) and a data processing device, and is characterized in that an output shaft of the press (1) is connected with a pressure head (8), a bearing platform of the press (1) is provided with a lower centering force-equalizing plate (2), a force sensor (3) is arranged above the lower centering force-equalizing plate (2), the top of the force sensor (3) is provided with an upper centering force-equalizing plate (4), the upper end surface of the upper centering force-equalizing plate (4) is provided with a supporting ring (5), the combined expander (7) is arranged on the upper end surface of the supporting ring (5), an experimental sample piece (6) is sleeved on the outer edge of the combined expander (7), the pressure head (8) is inserted into the combined expander (7) from top to bottom so as to expand the combined expander (7), the data processing device is connected to the force sensor (3) and the combined expander (7) through wires so as to collect data of the combined expander (7) and the combined expander (3), the data processing device (10) and the optical fiber optic sensor (10) are connected with a meter (10) through a data transmission device, a data transmission instrument (11), the fiber bragg grating sensor (12) is connected with the surface of the experimental sample piece (6), the other side of the fiber bragg grating sensor (12) is connected to the fiber bragg grating demodulator (11) through a wire, and the fiber bragg grating demodulator (11) is connected with the computer (10) through a data wire.
2. The experimental device for simulating repeated pressurization of the inner cavity of the hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 1, wherein the pressure head (8) is in an inverted truncated cone shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the bus inclination of the outer surface of the pressure head (8) is 1:50-1:2; the pressure head (8) is internally provided with lightening holes, and the number of the lightening holes is not less than 1.
3. The experimental device for simulating repeated pressurization of an inner cavity of a hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 2, wherein the experimental sample piece (6) comprises an annular lining and a carbon fiber layer wound on the surface of the annular lining, and the winding mode of the carbon fiber layer is annular winding or spiral winding so as to simulate a real carbon fiber composite hydrogen storage bottle.
4. An experimental device for simulating repeated pressurization of an inner cavity of a hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 3, wherein the combined expander (7) comprises a plurality of sub-expansion bodies, the number of the sub-expansion bodies is not less than two, the plurality of the sub-expansion bodies are combined into a cylinder shape, the plurality of the sub-expansion bodies are mutually independent, the outer surface of the combined expander (7) is a rotary cylindrical surface, the inner surface of the combined expander (7) is a rotary conical surface, the rotary central axes of the inner surface and the outer surface of the combined expander (7) are coincident, the interface between two adjacent sub-expansion bodies is a plane passing through the rotary axis, and the bus inclination of the inner surface of the combined expander (7) is equal to the bus inclination of the outer surface of a pressure head (8).
5. The experimental device for simulating repeated pressurization of an inner cavity of a hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 4, wherein the radius of the large end of the inner conical surface of the combined expander (7) is smaller than the radius of the upper surface of the pressing head (8), the radius of the small end of the inner conical surface of the combined expander (7) is larger than the radius of the lower surface of the pressing head (8), and the included angle between a revolution generatrix of the outer surface of the combined expander (7) and the ground is between 85 DEG and 90 deg.
6. The experimental device for simulating repeated pressurization of an inner cavity of a hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 1, wherein the supporting ring (5) is cylindrical, and the radius of the inner surface of the supporting ring (5) is larger than the radius of the bottom end of the inner conical surface of the combined expander (7) and smaller than the radius of the outer surface of the combined expander (7); the radius of the outer surface of the supporting ring (5) is larger than that of the outer surface of the combined expander (7).
7. The experimental device for simulating repeated pressurization of an inner cavity of a hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 6, wherein threaded holes matched with the force sensor (3) are formed in the upper centering uniform force plate (4) and the lower centering uniform force plate (2), two ends of the force sensor (3) are respectively connected with the upper centering uniform force plate (4) and the lower centering uniform force plate (2) in a threaded mode, a slightly protruding cylinder is arranged at the central position of the upper centering uniform force plate (4), and the diameter of the cylinder is smaller than the inner diameter of the supporting ring (5).
8. A test method for simulating repeated pressurization of an interior cavity of a hydrogen storage bottle, comprising:
the method comprises the steps of preparing an experiment, assembling a press (1), a press head (8), a combined expander (7), an experiment sample piece (6), a support ring (5), an upper centering uniform force plate (4), a force sensor (3) and a lower centering uniform force plate (2) in sequence from top to bottom, and placing the assembled parts on a workbench of the press (1); the experimental sample piece (6) is sleeved outside the combined expander (7) for centering and adjusting; according to the centering structure arranged on the two centering force plates, each part of the device is ensured to always maintain a centering state in the experimental process; lubricating oil or lubricating grease is smeared between the lower surface of the combined expander (7) and the upper surface of the supporting ring (5);
experimental operations, including radial pressure operations and axial pressure operations,
radial pressure operation is carried out, a press machine (1) is started to drive a pressure head (8) to axially extrude a combined expander (7), and the combined expander (7) radially extrudes an experimental sample (6) to generate pressure required by an experiment; continuing to move the pressure head (8) downwards until the reading of the force sensor (3) reaches the expected value; then lifting the hydraulic rod of the press (1) until the hydraulic rod is completely separated from the pressure head (8); repeating the experimental steps, and recording the readings of the force sensor (3) and the fiber grating sensor (12) in the experimental process to simulate the cyclic pressurization fatigue experimental process of the hydrogen storage bottle;
the axial pressure operation is carried out, the press (1) is started to drive the pressure head (8) to axially extrude the combined expander (7), the combined expander (7) radially extrudes the test sample (6) to generate the pressure required by bursting of the test sample until the test sample (6) is damaged, and the readings of the force sensor (3) and the optical fiber sensor are recorded in the experimental process, so that the experimental process of high-pressure bursting of the simulated hydrogen storage bottle is realized;
and (3) monitoring pressure change born by the experimental sample piece (6) by using the force sensor (3) in the experimental process, and monitoring strain change and health state of the experimental sample piece (6) by using the fiber bragg grating sensor (12).
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