CN117168660A - Ultra-large-range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring - Google Patents
Ultra-large-range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN117168660A CN117168660A CN202310378319.7A CN202310378319A CN117168660A CN 117168660 A CN117168660 A CN 117168660A CN 202310378319 A CN202310378319 A CN 202310378319A CN 117168660 A CN117168660 A CN 117168660A
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- pressure sensor
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-large-range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring, which comprises a circular ring, wherein one side of the circular ring is integrally connected with a bearing plate, the other side of the circular ring is provided with an opening, and a second bearing plate is detachably arranged at the opening; the excitation coil is arranged at the center of the circular ring; and the steel string is arranged above the excitation coil, and two ends of the steel string are connected with the circular ring. The ultra-large-range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring can sense load sensing modes from double-sided symmetry without load classification, adopts an arched elastic ring structure, has a simple enough structure, is direct in sensing, maximally eliminates the sensed conversion link, structurally improves sensing precision, and structurally eliminates the boundary effect of the combination of a sensor body and a rock-soil body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sensors, and particularly relates to an ultra-large-range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring.
Background
In geotechnical engineering safety monitoring, monitoring of soil pressure or soil load borne by an underground structure and load (interface type) of a large structure on a soil foundation is always a foundation safety and structure safety and important technical tasks.
The structural mode adopted by the soil pressure sensor used in the current civil engineering monitoring field is shown in figure 1: at present, the technology commonly used in the domestic geotechnical engineering field for monitoring the soil pressure (load) is the steel string sensing principle (shown in figure 1) at the end of the last 60 th century, and the developed interface type soil pressure box is unchanged for 60 years. The action mechanism is as follows: on the plane vertical to the circular induction film, two points of steel string clamped piles are anchored along the diameter direction and symmetrically on two sides of the axis of the circular film; pre-stretching the steel string to the initial value of the required frequency to finish the fixation and support of the two ends of the steel string. When the back of the pressure sensing film senses the uniform pressure (load) of the soil body, the sensing film generates normal bending deformation. The steel string end point consolidation point of the two-solid pile generates reverse deflection along the axial direction of the steel string, the steel string is stretched, the natural resonant frequency of the steel string is increased, and the frequency change amount and the load (pressure) change amount are approximately in linear relation.
The structural design has the following defects:
1. the change of external load indirectly induces the change of the strain of the steel string: the method comprises the steps of applying pressure load, inducing the bending deformation of a film, changing the relative angles of the clamped piles at the two ends of the steel string, and enabling the clamped supporting points to drive the steel string to change in arc length and change into axial linear strain of the steel string. The sensing transmission process has excessive nodes and then the arc length change is changed into linear change, so that the structure is examined in principle, the input and output relation is approximate, and the precision is not high.
2. At the lower left corner of fig. 1, it can be seen that: when the ideal uniform soil pressure load is measured, when the soil pressure gauge box body is combined with the soil body, obvious boundary effect exists at the position, the area proportion of the thickness of the annular solid steel beam to the whole induction film is large, most of the soil load is consumed by the area, the load transmitted to the effective induction film by the soil body is greatly reduced, the soil pressure value sensed by the steel string has larger loss with the actual value, and countless engineering practices prove that the measured value is generally smaller than the actual calculated value by more than 30%.
3. For concentrated loads, the existing structure is more inadequate.
4. Sensing of large ranges and large loads cannot be achieved.
5. From structural manufacturability investigation, the conventional product is a pile fixedly solidified at the vertical riveting string end of the induction film which is vertical to the thin induction film (generally, the thickness dimension of the induction film is 1-5 mm due to the diameter and pressure range limitation of the circular induction film), so that the deformation and stress concentration of the induction film are easily caused, the input and output characteristics of a sensor are seriously influenced, and the performance of the product is adversely affected.
6. The existing product can only sense uniform pressure load of soil body on one side, which is the optimal sensing working condition, and if the uniformity of the load is poor or the load is concentrated, the sensing measurement precision can be greatly reduced. Because the input-output characteristics of the sensor are given via a hydraulic (ideally uniform load) calibration. The sensitivity coefficient is given by this, and the actual measurement result is calculated from this sensitivity coefficient. In the practical use environment, the ideal uniform load cannot be realized, so that a large measurement error is unavoidable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultra-wide range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an ultra-wide range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring comprises
One side of the circular ring is integrally connected with a bearing plate, the other side of the circular ring is provided with an opening, and a second bearing plate is detachably arranged at the opening;
the excitation coil is arranged at the center of the circular ring;
and the steel string is arranged above the excitation coil, and two ends of the steel string are connected with the circular ring.
Preferably, the exciting coil is arranged on the second bearing plate.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, two ends of the steel string are connected with invar bars, and the invar bars are fixed on the ring.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the second bearing plate and the circular ring.
In any of the above solutions, it is preferable to further include a vibrating wire frequency reader for providing a pulse excitation voltage to the excitation coil.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: 1. the ultra-large-range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring can sense load sensing modes from double-sided symmetry without dividing load types (uniform load, non-uniform load and concentrated load), the design adopts an arched elastic ring structure, the structure is simple enough, the sensing is direct, the sensing conversion links are eliminated to the maximum extent, and the sensing precision is improved from the structure;
2. and boundary effects of the combination of the sensor body and the rock-soil body are eliminated from the structure.
3. The sensor is completely suitable for sensing capacities of different load types (uniform load, non-uniform load and concentrated load) and composite loads thereof, and can efficiently and accurately realize sensing.
4. And sensing measurement with a large range (more than 30 MPa) is easily realized. Rock stress and concrete internal stress can be measured.
5. The double-sided induction load input can be used as an interface type soil pressure gauge to measure the soil pressure (uniform pressure and concentrated load) born by a structure in the soil and the load applied by the building to a foundation (checking the bearing capacity of the foundation), and can also be used for monitoring the internal stress (field) of the soil (checking the strength of rock and soil).
6. The invention has lower requirements on the manufacturing process of the product and is convenient to manufacture; and intelligent manufacturing is easy to realize.
7. The product has various input and output characteristic calibration modes, not only can be used for hydraulic (hydraulic pressure and oil pressure) (suitable for small measuring range less than or equal to 6 MPa) calibration, but also can be used for calibrating a press machine, and the calibration can be automated.
8. The product can also be used as a universal load meter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a side view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a carrying plate; 2. an annular end face; 3. yan Gangbang; 4. a steel string; 5. an exciting coil; 6. and a second bearing plate.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings. The description of these embodiments is provided to assist understanding of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
The invention provides an ultra-large-range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring, which is shown in figures 1-3, and comprises
One side of the circular ring 2 is integrally connected with the bearing plate 1, the other side of the circular ring is provided with an opening, the bearing plate II 6 is detachably arranged at the opening, and a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the bearing plate II 6 and the circular ring 2;
the exciting coil 5 is arranged at the center of the circular ring 2, and the exciting coil 5 is arranged on the second bearing plate 6;
and the steel wire 4 is arranged above the exciting coil 5, two ends of the steel wire 4 are connected with the invar bars 3, and the invar bars 3 are fixed on the circular ring 2.
The invention refers to an elastomer with arc-shaped cross section and annular space (similar to a tire shape). The two end surfaces of the circular ring 2 are provided with a plane of the bearing plate 1 integrated with the circular ring elastomer on one side, and the other side is designed to be open type for facilitating processing, assembly and debugging, so that a structure similar to a disc-shaped incense burner is formed. The special small-sized precise exciting coil 5 with high magnetic flux is preset at the center of the disc bottom. This excitation coil 5 and the steel string 4 form a transduction (sensing) system with each other. A carrier plate two 6 with a pre-filled glue seal is provided on the open side.
And when load force is symmetrically applied to the planes of the two ends of the annular elastic body 3, the annular elastic body compresses along the annular axis direction and simultaneously elastically stretches and deforms along the annular diameter direction (the maximum outer diameter of the annular increases linearly). The exciting coil 5 (at the center of the chord axis) preset at the center of the bottom plate is connected with a professional matching vibrating wire frequency reader, the vibrating wire frequency reader provides pulse exciting voltage for the exciting coil, the exciting coil 5 generates an alternating magnetic field perpendicular to the chord axis, the steel wires 4 fixedly supported at two ends generate harmonic oscillation with the natural frequency under the action of the alternating magnetic field, meanwhile, the oscillating steel wires 4 cut magnetic force lines of the magnetic field and generate alternating induction electromotive force carrying the resonance frequency of the steel wires 4 in the coil, and the frequency value is extracted by the frequency reader, so that the basic task of sensing the vibrating wires is completed), thus the output frequency value which is in linear relation with the input load can be measured.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
the elastomer is made of constant elastic material and is subjected to general heat treatment technology to improve and stabilize the mechanical properties of the material.
The two ends of the vibrating wire (steel wire 4) of the primary sensing element are coaxially connected with the invar bar 3 with a small thermal expansion coefficient by adopting a unique metal lattice recombination technology, so that one sensing core component is formed.
The exciting coil 5 is temporarily preset at the center of the bottom plate of the induction box body, at the moment, the spatial position of the vibrating wire sensing assembly is parallel to the upper and lower load applying plane of the box body and vertically penetrates through the symmetrical axis of the round box body, and the magnetic core of the exciting coil 5 is positioned at the midpoint of the chord length.
The distance between the vibrating wire and the end face of the exciting coil 5 is accurately adjusted to be proper.
The vibrating wire sensing assembly is connected with the arc-shaped annular elastomer (laser or plasma welding) under the state of a target pre-tensioning force value (determined by a reading instrument steel wire vibration output frequency display value of a sensing output end);
and (5) finishing the initial assembly of the sensor. And taking down the coil after welding, carrying out stress relief tempering treatment on the induction box body only provided with the vibrating wire sensing assembly, and after the heat treatment is finished, reloading the exciting coil 5, and carrying out permanent and reliable fixation.
The coil lead wire is connected with a special hydraulic cable (output signal wire), insulation and isolation between each core wire are made, the end of the cable in the sensing box body is fixed, and the cable is made to be in sealing connection with the cable outlet of the box body.
And (3) assembling a pressure-bearing sealing plate on the open side of the sensor box body, wherein the sealing plate is preloaded with a high-quality colloid sealing ring. The sensor assembly is completed.
And (5) finishing an input-output characteristic (data calibration) test.
And (5) finishing the corresponding hydraulic sealing performance test.
In the using process of the ultra-wide range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring,
while embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. An ultra-wide range high accuracy pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring, its characterized in that: comprising
One side of the circular ring (2) is integrally connected with a bearing plate (1), the other side of the circular ring is provided with an opening, and a second bearing plate (6) is detachably arranged at the opening;
the exciting coil (5) is arranged at the center of the circular ring (2);
and the steel strings (4) are arranged above the exciting coils (5), and the two ends of the steel strings are connected with the circular rings (2).
2. The ultra-wide-range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: the exciting coil (5) is arranged on the second bearing plate (6).
3. The ultra-wide-range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the steel string (4) are connected with the invar bars (3), and the invar bars (3) are fixed on the circular ring (2).
4. The ultra-wide-range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: and a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the second bearing plate (6) and the circular ring (2).
5. The ultra-wide-range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a vibrating wire frequency reader which supplies pulse excitation voltage to the exciting coil (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310378319.7A CN117168660A (en) | 2023-04-11 | 2023-04-11 | Ultra-large-range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310378319.7A CN117168660A (en) | 2023-04-11 | 2023-04-11 | Ultra-large-range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117168660A true CN117168660A (en) | 2023-12-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310378319.7A Pending CN117168660A (en) | 2023-04-11 | 2023-04-11 | Ultra-large-range high-precision pressure sensor for civil engineering safety monitoring |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117168660A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-04-11 CN CN202310378319.7A patent/CN117168660A/en active Pending
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