CN117167976A - Electric heating device for heating system - Google Patents
Electric heating device for heating system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117167976A CN117167976A CN202310648458.7A CN202310648458A CN117167976A CN 117167976 A CN117167976 A CN 117167976A CN 202310648458 A CN202310648458 A CN 202310648458A CN 117167976 A CN117167976 A CN 117167976A
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- housing
- heater
- heating device
- heater housing
- method comprises
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010616 electrical installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004616 structural foam Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011530 conductive current collector Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 20
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002323 Silicone foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013514 silicone foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009429 electrical wiring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
- H05B3/265—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base the insulating base being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/022—Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material
Abstract
The present invention relates to an electric heating device for a heating system. The heating device includes a housing surrounding an interior space of the housing. An electric heater is disposed in the housing interior space. The heater comprises a heater housing having upper and lower heater housing portions, preferably made of metal. The heater housing encloses a heater housing interior space. Therefore, the heater housing interior space of the heater constitutes a part of the housing interior space of the heating device. An energizable heating element for heating the heater housing is disposed in the heater housing interior space. The heater housing is arranged at least in sections in the housing interior at a distance from the housing of the heating device, so that at least one intermediate space formed between the heater housing and the housing of the heating device forms at least one fluid path through which a fluid can flow, which is in turn delimited at least in sections by the heatable heater housing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electrical heating device for a heating system and a heating system having such a heating device.
Background
The electric heating device can be used in motor vehicles, in particular in electric vehicles driven purely by electric storage batteries, for heating a cooling medium in the form of a fluid circulating in a fluid circuit in order to transfer heat.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the invention is to indicate a new way in the development of such an electric heating device. In particular, an electrical heating device which is particularly simple to construct and can therefore be produced cost-effectively should be achieved.
This object is achieved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.
The basic idea of the invention is therefore to implement the electric heating device modularly with an electric heater of box-like or cartridge-like configuration, which can be thermally coupled with the fluid to be heated in the housing of the heating device. The heater mentioned here comprises a heater housing which can be heated by a heating element which is arranged in the heater housing and can be energized. For this purpose, the heater housing is arranged in the housing interior such that it delimits a fluid path through which fluid can flow. Thereby, the fluid may be heated by heat transfer from the heater housing to the fluid.
The arrangement according to the invention presented here allows, in particular, a box-like or box-like heater to be constructed in a flat construction, i.e. essentially plate-like. It is thereby also possible for the heating element built into the heater to be realized differently depending on the application by a PTC heating element or by a so-called thick film heating element, wherein in the latter case the electrical conductor tracks made of a so-called thick film material can act as an electrical heating resistor which also generates heat when energized as in the case of a PTC heating element.
In the solution presented here, it is also possible without problems to provide two or more box-like or cartridge-like heating elements and to equip the heating device with the desired electrical heating efficiency in this way differently depending on the application. Since the PTC heating element mentioned can also be used as cost-effectively as the thick-film heating element mentioned, it is also possible to construct it flexibly and requires only a relatively small amount of installation space, a heating device with relatively little production effort can be realized.
In particular, the heating device according to the invention comprises a housing enclosing an inner space of the housing. An electric heater is disposed in the housing interior space. The heater comprises a heater housing having upper and lower heater housing portions, preferably made of metal, respectively. The terms "upper" and "lower" relate here, without any general limitation, to possible positions of use of the heating device, in which these terms may relate to the direction of gravity. In the mentioned use position, the upper housing part is thus arranged above the lower housing part with respect to the direction of gravity. However, other use positions are also conceivable, which are not the case, for example in the case of a horizontal arrangement, the upper and lower housing parts being arranged next to one another transversely to the direction of gravity. The heater housing encloses a heater housing interior space. Thus, the heater housing interior space of the heater forms part of the housing interior space of the heating device. An energizable heating element for heating the heater housing is disposed in the heater housing interior space. The heater housing is arranged at least in sections in the housing interior at a distance from the housing, so that at least one intermediate space formed between the heater housing and the housing of the heating device forms at least one fluid path through which a fluid can flow, which is in turn delimited at least in sections by the heatable heater housing.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one substrate made of an electrically conductive material and having a cover layer made of an electrically insulating material is arranged in the interior space of the heater housing. The conductive material may be a metal, in particular aluminum or steel. The cover layer may be formed by ceramic or glass solder. At least one energizable conductor track made of an electrically conductive material is arranged on the cover layer of the substrate, at least one of these conductor tracks forming a heating element. The electrically insulating substrate with the electrically conductive conductor tracks thus configured allows a planar heating resistor to be realized, which is formed from the material of the conductor tracks. In this way, the installation space provided is used in an optimized manner for generating heat.
Particularly preferably, the conductive material of the at least one conductor track is a thick film material. Such thick film materials enable provision of conductor tracks having the required ohmic resistance so that the ohmic resistance can act as an electrical heating resistance. Furthermore, the formation of the conductor tracks is technically simple to realize by means of thick-film materials, since the thick-film materials can be applied to the substrate in a simple manner, for example by thermal spraying.
Particularly preferably, the substrate can be an electrically insulating layer, in particular a ceramic layer, which is arranged on the inner side of the heater housing, in particular of the upper or lower heater housing part, facing the interior of the heater housing. In this variant, at least one conductor track is arranged on the insulating layer facing the interior of the heater housing. The mentioned insulating layer or ceramic layer can thus also be applied to the heater housing in a simple manner, as can the conductor tracks. It is particularly conceivable to splash an insulating or ceramic layer onto the heater housing.
Particularly expediently, the base can be a separate component from the heater housing, on which component at least one conductor track is arranged. This can be achieved in that the substrate with the conductor tracks is prefabricated and is only assembled in the heater housing in a subsequent assembly step. In this case, it can be provided in particular that the substrate is constructed in the form of a base plate in a plate-like manner, in particular as a ceramic plate. This can be achieved by using a prefabricated, in particular commercially available, base plate or ceramic plate as the substrate. The mentioned conductor tracks, in particular made of thick film material, can then be arranged, in particular sintered, on the mentioned base plate or ceramic plate. The mentioned base plate or ceramic plate with the arranged or sintered conductor tracks can be fastened to the heater housing, in particular to the upper and/or lower heater housing part, by means of an adhesive connection, in particular by means of an adhesive layer which can have a layer thickness of between 50 μm and 100 μm, for example. The use of the measures mentioned can bring about further cost advantages in the production of the heating device.
According to a further advantageous development, the at least one conductor track is arranged in a meandering manner on the substrate, in particular on the electrically insulating layer. In this way, the available installation space for the conductor tracks can be optimally utilized. Due to the meandering design, the conductor track requires only two electrical connections, which have to be electrically connected to the positive or negative terminal of the current supply in order to be able to energize the conductor track. This feature also simplifies the construction of the heater to a small extent in terms of its electrical wiring.
In a further preferred embodiment, the heating element may be or comprise at least one PTC electrical heating element. Such PTC electrical heating elements are commercially available, require little installation space and also simplify the electrical connections, so that they are likewise suitable as electrical heating elements for use in the heating device according to the invention, in particular in the box-like or cartridge-like configuration.
According to a further advantageous development, the upper and lower heater housing parts of the heater housing are connected to one another in a fluid-tight manner at the edges of their outer heater housing parts. Particularly preferably, the connection can be a material-locking connection, particularly preferably a welded connection or an adhesive connection. The heating element can thus be prefabricated before being inserted into the housing of the heating device. For this purpose, as previously explained, the mentioned heating element can be preassembled in the form of the mentioned PTC heating element or the mentioned thick-film heating element in the heater housing interior of the heater and then only installed in the housing. This variant also simplifies the manufacture of the heating device according to the invention, in particular when the heating device should comprise two or more heaters.
According to a further advantageous development, the housing of the heating device has an upper housing wall which, with respect to the height direction of the heating device, is opposite to a lower housing wall of the housing. In this refinement, the heater housing is arranged at a distance from both the upper housing wall and the lower housing wall of the housing with respect to the height direction, so that at least one upper fluid path is formed between the heater housing, in particular the upper heater housing part, and the upper housing wall, and at least one lower fluid path is formed between the heater housing, in particular the lower heater housing part, and the lower housing wall. By providing both fluid paths identically, the heating efficiency of the heater can be significantly increased with optimal utilization of the installation space.
In particular, the heater housing can be of two-part design, wherein the upper and lower heater housing parts are each configured as a hood. A heater housing consisting of only two (housing) parts can be produced in a technically particularly simple manner. The fluid-tight connection of the two heater housing parts at their edges can also be realized in a particularly simple manner in terms of technology.
According to an advantageous further development, a rib structure, preferably made of metal, which protrudes into the at least one fluid path is arranged on the outer side of the upper and/or lower heater housing part facing away from the interior of the heater housing. By means of the rib structures which are flushed by the fluid to be heated during operation of the heating device, the heat transfer from the electric heating element to the fluid can be significantly improved. The mentioned rib structure, which may comprise a plurality of single ribs, may be glued to the heater housing. Particularly good thermal contact with the material of the heater housing, which is preferably likewise metal, can be achieved by the rib structure being fastened to the heater housing by means of a soldered or welded connection.
In a preferred embodiment, the rib structure is supported on the housing of the heating device. In this way, the rib structure may not only serve to improve the thermal coupling between the electrical heating element and the fluid, but may also mechanically strengthen the heater or its heater housing, thereby improving its mechanical strength.
In a further preferred embodiment, a through opening is formed in the heater housing. In this embodiment, at least one electrically conductive current rail, which is electrically connected to the electric heating element, is guided out of the heater housing interior through the through opening for electrically coupling the heating element to an external current supply. Particularly preferably, two or more such current collecting rails may be provided, which are preferably electrically isolated from each other, i.e. electrically insulated from each other, through the through opening. The mentioned through opening thus allows a particularly simple electrical coupling of the heating element arranged in the interior of the heater housing to the external current supply.
Expediently, the through-opening can be closed by means of a cover. In this way, the fluid flowing through the fluid path formed in the housing of the heating device is prevented from possibly entering the heating housing interior space. Preferably, an electrically insulating material, in particular an electrically insulating plastic, can be selected as the material for the covering. In this case, it has proved to be particularly advantageous if the cover additionally also contributes to an electrical insulation of at least one collector rail guided through the through-opening when two or more collector rails are to be guided through the through-opening electrically insulated from one another.
According to an advantageous further development, a sealing element, preferably made of a sealing material, for sealing the through-opening is arranged on the outer side of the cover facing away from the interior space of the heater housing. In this way, the tightness of the through-opening closed by the cover is further improved. Thus, the possibility of fluid entering the heater housing interior space due to leakage can be almost avoided.
Particularly preferably, the through opening can be arranged centrally on the heater housing with respect to a top view of the heater housing. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to provide a through opening in the region of the outer edge of the heater housing. The electrical connection of the electrical heating element can thus be flexibly adapted to different application-specific requirements by means of the through opening acting as an electrical feedthrough.
According to an advantageous development of the heating device according to the invention, at least two heaters are preferably arranged spaced apart from one another with respect to the height direction, so that a further fluid path through which the fluid flows is formed by the intermediate space formed between the two heaters. In a further development, it is also conceivable to arrange three or more such heaters spaced apart from one another in the housing interior, so that a corresponding number of additional fluid channels is formed between these heaters. The proposed development allows an adaptation of the electrical heating efficiency that can be provided by means of the heating device to the application-specific requirements of different applications, but nevertheless can be realized in a technically simple manner.
In a preferred embodiment of the heating device according to the invention, the housing is formed in two parts with an upper and a lower housing part, wherein preferably at least one of the two housing parts is formed in a hood-like manner, particularly preferably both housing parts are formed in a hood-like manner. Housings having only two (housing) parts can be produced in a technically particularly simple manner.
In a further preferred embodiment, a stabilizing element, which is preferably supported on the two heater housing parts in the height direction, can be arranged in the region of the screw connection for fastening the two housing parts to one another, which is present at the housing of the heating device, in the interior of the heater housing. The stabilizing element may have the geometry of a hollow cylinder extending in the axial direction and is open at its two axial ends with respect to the height direction. Preferably, the hollow cylinder is formed by the peripheral wall of the stabilizing element. Particularly preferably, the hollow cylinder or the stabilizing element consists of this peripheral wall. At least one radially extending recess may be provided in the peripheral wall, via which recess the inner space of the stabilizing element delimited radially outwardly by the peripheral wall can be in fluid communication with the inner space of the heater housing. This enables the heater housing interior space to be filled with a structural foam, for example a silicone foam, via the already assembled stabilization element, which can be used as an additional electrical or thermal insulation. For this purpose, the mentioned structural foam can be inserted into the heater housing interior via the interior of the stabilizing element which has already been fitted into the heater housing interior. The mentioned inner space can also be penetrated by a screw which secures the two housing parts to each other as part of the screw connection mentioned above.
The invention also relates to a heating system comprising the aforementioned heating device according to the invention. The previously described advantages of the heating device according to the invention are therefore also applicable to the heating system according to the invention. The heating system includes an electrical enclosure surrounding an interior space of the electrical enclosure. The heating system further comprises at least one electrical and/or electronic component arranged in the interior space of the electrical installation housing, which is electrically connected to the heating element of the heater of the heating device.
In a preferred embodiment of the heating system according to the invention, the electrical installation housing is formed in part by a housing of the heating device, in particular a housing wall of the housing. This variant is particularly simple to construct technically and requires a particularly small amount of installation space in the height direction.
Further important features and advantages of the present invention result from the dependent claims, the drawings and the description of the attached drawings according to the drawings.
It is understood that the features mentioned above and yet to be explained below can be used not only in the respectively described combination but also in other combinations or alone without departing from the scope of the invention. The separately delineated components of the previously mentioned and subsequently still mentioned superordinate units (e.g. devices, apparatuses or mechanisms) may form separate members or components of the units or be integrated areas or sections of the units, even if this is shown differently in the drawings.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in detail in the following description, wherein identical or similar or functionally identical components have the same reference numerals.
Drawings
Schematically shown in the drawings, respectively, wherein,
fig. 1 shows an example of a heating device according to the invention in an exploded view;
FIG. 2 illustrates the heater of FIG. 1 in isolation;
FIG. 3 shows a top view of the upper heater housing portion of the heater of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 shows a cover for covering a through opening provided in a heater housing;
fig. 5 shows a simplified vertical section through the heater of fig. 2 and 3 in the region of the through opening, wherein the stabilization element is shown arranged in the region of the respective screw connection in the interior space of the heater housing;
fig. 6 shows the stabilization element of fig. 5 in a cross section perpendicular to the height direction in a separate drawing;
fig. 7 shows a heating device according to the invention in a section perpendicular to the height direction, so that the heating elements of the heating device that are important for the invention can be seen;
fig. 8 shows in a separate perspective view a ceramic plate with conductor tracks arranged thereon, which together constitute the heating element of the heater;
fig. 9 shows a further embodiment of the heating device according to the invention of fig. 7 in a vertical section in the height direction;
fig. 10 shows a modification of the heating device according to the invention in a schematic, very simplified view and in vertical section, wherein two heaters are arranged in the housing interior;
fig. 11 shows a further variant with only one heater arranged in the interior of the housing, wherein the through-opening is arranged not centrally but on a side edge of the housing;
fig. 12 shows an example of a heating system according to the invention in a perspective view.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows an example of a heating device 1 according to the invention in an exploded view. The heating device 1 thus comprises a housing 3, which encloses a housing interior 2. An electric heater 4 is arranged in the housing interior 2. The heater 4 includes a heater housing 7 having upper and lower heater housing portions 7a, 7b made of metal, respectively. The two heater housing parts 7a, 7b are opposite to each other in the height direction H. In the example case, the upper and lower heater housing parts 7a, 7b of the heater housing 7 are connected to one another in a fluid-tight manner, for example welded or adhesively bonded, at their circumferential outer heater housing part edges 7a.1, 7b.1. The heater housing 7 encloses the heater housing interior 5. Therefore, the heater housing interior 5 of the heater 4 forms part of the housing interior 2 of the heating device 1. The heater housing interior 5 can be filled or completely filled with an electrically insulating structural foam (not shown), for example made of silicone. According to fig. 1, the housing 3 is also formed in two parts with upper and lower housing parts 3a, 3b. The two housing parts 3a, 3b can each be configured as a hood. The two housing parts 3a, 3b also face one another in the height direction H of the heating device 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the two heater housing parts 7a, 7b are arranged between the two housing parts 3a, 3b with respect to the height direction H. In the example of fig. 1, the housing 3 of the heating device 1 also has an upper housing wall 10a, which, with respect to the height direction H of the heating device 1, faces a lower housing wall 10b of the housing 3. In the example, the upper housing wall 10a is part of the upper housing part 3a and the lower housing wall 10b is part of the lower housing part 3b. The heater 4 described above is preferably configured in a box-like or cartridge-like manner. The heater housing 7 is arranged spaced apart from the upper and lower housing walls 10a, 10b of the housing 3 with respect to the height direction forming the respective intermediate space 6, such that an upper fluid path 20a is formed between the heater housing 7, in particular the upper heater housing part 7a, and the upper housing wall 10a, and a lower fluid path 20b is formed between the heater housing 7, in particular the lower heater housing part 7b, and the lower housing wall 10 b.
On the outer side 18 of the upper and lower heater housing parts 7a, 7b facing away from the heater housing interior 5, rib structures 19 made of metal are arranged which protrude into the upper or lower fluid paths 20a, 20b, 20.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the two housing parts 3a, 3b can be fastened to one another in a releasable manner by means of at least one screw connection 27 (in the example shown two such screw connections 27 are shown). Each screw connection 27 may comprise a screw 42 with an external thread 45 shown in fig. 1 and a cutout 46a, 46b provided in the upper housing part 3a and in the lower housing part 3b, which are aligned with respect to the height direction H and are penetrated by a screw shaft 47 of the screw 42 in the assembled state of the heating device 1, so that the screw head 48 is pressed from the outside against the upper housing part. The two housing parts are fixed to each other by means of a nut, not shown, which is pressed from the outside against the lower housing part 3b. According to fig. 1, a fluid inlet 38a for introducing the fluid F to be heated and a fluid outlet 38b for discharging the heated fluid F from the housing interior 2 are arranged on the upper and lower housing parts 3a, 3b. To this end, the fluid inlet 38a and the fluid outlet 38b are in fluid communication with the intermediate space 6 or the fluid paths 20, 20a, 20b. The fluid inlet 38a and the fluid outlet 38b may each be configured as a nipple, preferably integrally formed on the upper housing part 3a and/or the lower housing part 3b.
Fig. 2 shows the heater 4 of fig. 1 in an isolated perspective view. The heater housing 7 can thus be constructed in two parts, wherein the upper and lower heater housing parts 7a, 7b are preferably each constructed in the manner of a hood. As mentioned, the two housing parts 3a, 3b and the two heater housing parts 7a, 7b are opposite in the height direction H. Furthermore, a through opening 21 is formed in the upper heater housing part 7a. An electrically conductive current collector rail 22, which is electrically connected to the electric heating element 8 (not shown in fig. 2), can be led out of the heater housing interior 5 through the through opening in order to be able to connect the heating element 8 to an external current supply (not shown).
Four such collector rails 22 are exemplarily shown in fig. 2. The collector rails 22 are arranged spaced apart from each other so as to prevent short circuits therebetween. By means of the individual current rails 22, different heating elements 8 can be driven. However, a multiphase current supply of the heating element 8 arranged in the heater housing interior 5 is also conceivable, wherein in this case a respective electrical phase can be associated with each current rail 22. One of the collector rails 22 may also take on the function of a ground line or be connected to ground. The material of the collector rail 22 is a conductive material, particularly a metal.
Fig. 3 shows a top view of the heater housing part 7a along the upper part of the height direction H. The through opening 21 can thus be arranged centrally on the first housing part 7a of the heater housing 7 with respect to a top view of the heater housing 7. Furthermore, the through-openings 21 can be closed by means of suitable covers 23, which are shown by way of example in fig. 4, through which the individual current collector rails 22 can be guided. For each current rail 22, a respective recess 24 can be provided in the cover 23, through which recess the associated current rail 22 passes in the assembled state of the heating device 1. In this way the through opening 21 is fluid tight. Alternatively, a sealing element (not shown), preferably made of a sealing material, for sealing the through opening 21 can be arranged on the outer side of the cover 23 facing away from the heater housing interior 5.
Fig. 5 shows a simplified vertical section of the heater 4 in the region of the through opening 21 and in the height direction H. A mechanical stabilizing element 35 can therefore be arranged in the heater housing interior 5 between the two recesses 46a, 46b (see fig. 1) which are present in the upper or lower housing part 3a, 3b and form part of the screw connection 27, and which stabilizing element is supported in the height direction H on the two heater housing parts 7a, 7b.
The stabilizing element 35 is shown in fig. 6 in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the height direction H in a separate illustration. The stabilization element can therefore have the geometry of a hollow cylinder and be configured open at its two axial ends 37a, 37b (see fig. 5) with respect to the height direction. The hollow cylinder is constituted by the peripheral wall 36 of the stabilizing element 35. At least one radially extending notch 39 may be provided in the peripheral wall 36. Purely by way of example, fig. 6 shows four such recesses, which are arranged at equal distances from one another in the circumferential direction U of the peripheral wall 36. The screw 42 shown in fig. 1, which serves as part of the screw connection mentioned to fix the two housing parts 3a, 3b to one another, can also pass through the interior space 41 delimited by the peripheral wall 36.
The axially open interior space 41 is in fluid communication with the heater housing interior space 5 via the gap 39. This can be achieved in that the heater housing interior 5 is filled with a structural foam, for example silicone foam, which can be used for electrical and/or thermal insulation, by means of the stabilizing element 35. For this purpose, the mentioned structural foam can be introduced into the heater housing interior 5 via the interior 41 of the stabilizing element 35 and the recess 39 which are fitted into the heater housing interior 5.
Next, the structure of the heating element 8 is explained in more detail with reference to fig. 7. For this purpose, fig. 7 shows the heating device 1 in a section perpendicular to the height direction H, so that the upper housing part 3a of the housing 3 of the heating device 1 and the upper heater housing part 7a of the heater housing 7 of the heater 4 can be seen. According to fig. 7, a base 9 made of an electrically conductive material and having a cover layer made of an electrically insulating material is arranged on the upper housing part 7a on its inner side 15 facing the heater housing interior 5 (and thus in the heater housing interior 5). On the cover layer of the base 9, electrically conductive conductor tracks 11 made of an electrically conductive material are arranged, which together with the base 9 form the heating element 8 of the heating device 1. In a variant which is not shown, the heating element 8 can also be formed by one or more PTC electrical heating elements which are arranged in the heater housing interior 5.
In the example of fig. 7, the substrate 9 is an electrically insulating layer 13 formed by a ceramic layer 14. The conductor tracks 11 are thus arranged on the insulating layer 13 facing the heater housing interior 5. The conductor track 11 can be arranged in a meandering manner as shown on the substrate 9, i.e. on the electrically insulating layer 13. The conductive material of the conductor tracks 11 may be, for example, a thick film material TFM. The substrate 9 with the conductor tracks 11 can also be arranged on the upper heater housing part 7a (not shown). In the example of fig. 7, the electrical conductor track 11 is exemplarily electrically connected to two illustrated collector rails 22.
According to fig. 8, it can be shown in a variant that the base 9 is not formed by an insulating layer 13 formed on the lower or upper heater housing part 7a, 7b as described above with reference to fig. 7, but rather by a separate component relative to the heater housing 7, on which the conductor tracks 11 mentioned are arranged in an exemplary manner similar to fig. 7. In this variant, it is provided that the base 9 is formed in the shape of a base plate 16, in particular as a ceramic plate 17. Fig. 8 shows such a separate base plate 16 or ceramic plate 17 with conductor tracks 11 made of thick film material arranged thereon in a separate perspective view. The base plate 16 or the ceramic plate 17 and the conductor tracks 11 together form the heating element 8.
Fig. 9 shows a further embodiment of the heating device 1 in fig. 7 in a vertical section along the height direction H. The already mentioned rib structures 19 can be clearly seen, wherein two rib structures 19 arranged externally on the upper heater housing part 7a are supported on the upper housing part 3a of the housing 3 and thus are arranged in the upper fluid channel 20 a. Accordingly, two rib structures 19 arranged externally on the lower heater housing part 7b are supported on the lower housing part 3b and are thus arranged in the lower fluid channel 20b. The heater 4 is thus arranged in a sandwich-like manner between the rib structures 19 with respect to the height direction H.
Fig. 10 shows a schematic, very simplified illustration and in vertical section a further development of the heating device 1 according to the invention, wherein two box-shaped or cartridge-shaped heaters 4, namely an upper heater 4a and a lower heater 4b, are arranged in the housing interior 2 at a distance from one another with respect to the height direction H. In this way, a further fluid path 20, 20c for the fluid to flow through is formed by the intermediate space 26 formed between the two heaters 4. In this further fluid path 20c, a further rib structure 19 can be provided, which is supported on the heater housing 7 of the two heaters 4a, 4b, 4 and thus contributes to the mechanical stabilization of the two heaters 4a, 4b, 4 in the housing interior 2.
As can be seen from fig. 10, a further through opening 21 is provided in the heater housing part 7b of the lower part of the upper heater 4 with respect to the height direction H, in addition to the two through openings 21 configured in the respective upper heater housing parts 7a of the two heaters 4a, 4b, which further through opening is opposite to the through opening 21 in the height direction H. The further through-openings 21 are aligned with the through-openings 21 of the two heaters 4. In this way, a passage 29 of the heating device 1 in the height direction H is achieved, by means of which the current collector rails 22 of the two heaters 4 are guided out of the housing interior 2. As part of the threading portion 29, a threading sleeve 28 extending in the height direction H through which the collector rail 22 passes may be provided between the two heater housings. The lead-through sleeve 28 can be supported at one end on the lower heater housing part 7b of the upper heater 4 and at the other end on the upper heater housing part 7a of the lower heater 4 and in this way contribute to the mechanical reinforcement of the housing 3. Furthermore, modifications are conceivable in which three or more such heaters 4, which are not shown in the figures, are arranged spaced apart from one another in the housing interior 2, so that a corresponding number of additional fluid channels 20c can be formed between these heaters 4.
Fig. 11 shows, as in the example of fig. 1 to 9, a further variant with only one heater 4 arranged in the housing interior 2. In contrast to this, however, in the vertical section of fig. 11 the through-opening 21 for the passage of the current rail 22 is arranged not centrally or non-centrally, but in the region of the outer edge 25 of the heater housing 7. Furthermore, modifications are conceivable in which two, three or more such heaters 4, which are not shown in the figures, are arranged spaced apart from one another in the housing interior 2, so that a corresponding number of additional fluid channels 20c can be formed between these heaters 4.
Fig. 12 shows an example of a heating system 40 according to the invention in a perspective view. The heating system comprises a heating device 1 according to the invention as previously proposed. The heating system 40 further includes an electrical utility housing 30 surrounding the electrical utility housing interior space 31. Furthermore, the heating system 40 comprises electrical and/or electronic components 32 arranged in the electrical installation housing interior 31 in electrical connection with the heating element 8 (not visible in fig. 12) of the heater 4. For this purpose, an electrical feedthrough 34 is provided in the electrical equipment housing 30 to electrically connect the housing interior 2 of the heating device 1 with the electrical equipment housing interior 31. In the example of fig. 12, the electrical utility housing 31 includes a removable electrical setting housing cover 33. Fig. 12 shows the electrical equipment housing 30 with the electrical equipment housing cover 33 removed so that the electrical equipment housing interior space 31 is visible and accessible to a worker. In the example of fig. 12, the electrical installation housing 30 is also partially formed by an upper housing part 3a of the housing wall 10a of the upper part of the housing 3 with the heating device 1. Thus, the upper housing portion 3a separates the housing interior 2 of the heating device 1 from the electrical appliance housing interior 31. The mentioned electrical feedthrough 34 is arranged in an advantageous manner in the upper housing part 3a or in the upper housing wall 10a as shown in fig. 11.
Claims (22)
1. An electric heating device (1) for heating a fluid, the electric heating device having:
a housing (3) surrounding the housing interior (2),
at least one electric heater (4) arranged in a housing interior (2), having a heater housing (7), preferably made of metal, which encloses a heater housing interior (5) and comprises upper and lower heater housing parts (7 a, 7 b), in which at least one electrically energizable heating element (8) for heating the heater housing (7) is arranged,
-wherein the heater housing (7) is arranged at least in sections in the housing interior (2) at a distance from the housing (3) of the heating device (1) such that at least one intermediate space (6) formed between the heater housing (7) and the housing (3) of the heating device (1) forms at least one fluid path (20, 20a, 20b, 20 c) through which a fluid can flow, which is delimited at least in sections by the heatable heater housing (7).
2. The heating device according to claim 1,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
at least one base (9) made of an electrically conductive material and having a cover layer made of an electrically insulating material is arranged in the heater housing interior (5), on which cover layer at least one electrically conductive conductor track (11) made of an electrically conductive material is arranged, which at least partially forms the heating element (8).
3. The heating device according to claim 1 or 2,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
at least one base (9) made of an electrically insulating material is arranged in the heater housing interior (5), on which at least one electrically conductive conductor track (11) made of an electrically conductive material is arranged which at least partially forms the heating element (8),
wherein preferably the substrate (9) is or comprises an electrically insulating layer (13), in particular a ceramic layer (14),
-wherein, particularly preferably, the insulating layer (13) or the ceramic layer (14) is arranged on an inner side (15) of the heater housing (7), in particular of an upper or lower heater housing part (7 a, 7 b), facing the heater housing interior (5), and the at least one conductor track (11) is arranged on the insulating layer (13) facing the heater housing interior (5).
4. A heating device according to claim 2 or 3,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the conductive material of the at least one conductor trace (11) is a Thick Film Material (TFM).
5. The heating device according to claim 2 to 4,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the base (9) is a separate component from the heater housing (7) on which the at least one conductor track (11) is arranged.
6. The heating device according to any one of claim 2 to 5,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the base (9) is designed as a base plate (16), in particular as a ceramic plate (17).
7. The heating device according to any one of claim 2 to 6,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the at least one conductor track (11) is arranged in a meandering manner on the substrate (9), in particular on the electrically insulating layer (13).
8. A heating device according to any one of the preceding claims,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the at least one heating element (8) is or comprises at least one PTC heating element.
9. A heating device according to any one of the preceding claims,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the upper and lower heater housing parts (7 a, 7 b) of the heater housing (7) are connected to one another in a fluid-tight manner at their outer heater housing part edges (7a.1, 7b.1), preferably by means of a material-locking connection, particularly preferably by means of a welded connection or by means of an adhesive connection.
10. A heating device according to any one of the preceding claims,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the housing (3) of the heating device (1) has an upper housing wall (10 a) which, with respect to the height direction (H) of the heating device (1), is opposite to a lower housing wall (10 b) of the housing (3),
-the heater housing (7) is arranged spaced apart from both the upper housing wall and the lower housing wall (10 b) of the housing (3) with respect to the height direction (H), such that at least one upper fluid path (20 a) is formed between the heater housing (7), in particular an upper heater housing part (7 a), and the upper housing wall (10 a), and at least one lower fluid path (20 b) is formed between the heater housing (7), in particular a lower heater housing part (7 b), and the lower housing wall (10 b).
11. A heating device according to any one of the preceding claims,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the heater housing (7) is formed in two parts and the upper and lower heater housing parts (7 a, 7 b) are each formed in a hood-like manner.
12. A heating device according to any one of the preceding claims,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
a rib structure (19) made of metal, which protrudes into the at least one fluid path (20, 20a, 20 b), is arranged on an outer side (18) of the upper and/or lower heater housing part (7 a, 7 b) facing away from the heater housing interior (5).
13. A heating apparatus according to claim 12,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the rib structure (19) is supported on the housing (3) of the heating device (1).
14. A heating device according to any one of the preceding claims,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
a through opening (21) is formed in the heater housing (7), through which at least one electrically conductive current collector rail (22) which is electrically connected to the electric heating element (8) is guided out of the heater housing interior (5) for electrically contacting the heating element (8) with an external current supply.
15. A heating apparatus according to claim 14,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the through-opening (21) is closed in a particularly fluid-tight manner by means of a cover (23), preferably made of an electrically insulating material, particularly preferably an electrically insulating plastic.
16. A heating apparatus according to claim 15,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
a sealing element, preferably made of a sealing material, for sealing the through-opening (22) is arranged on the outer side (18) of the cover (23) facing away from the heater housing interior (5).
17. The heating device according to any one of claims 14 to 16,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the through opening (21) is arranged centrally or centrally with respect to a top view of the heater housing (7) or on an outer edge (25) of the heater housing (7).
18. A heating device according to any one of the preceding claims,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
at least two heaters (4) are arranged in the housing interior (2), preferably spaced apart from each other with respect to the height direction (H), so that a further fluid path (20, 20 c) for the fluid flow is formed by an intermediate space (26) formed between the two heaters (4).
19. A heating device according to any one of the preceding claims,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the housing (3) is formed in two parts with upper and lower housing parts (3 a, 3 b),
preferably, at least one of the two housing parts (3 a, 3 b) is configured in a hood-like manner, particularly preferably, both housing parts (3 a, 3 b) are configured in a hood-like manner.
20. A heating device according to any one of the preceding claims,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the heater housing interior (5) is at least partially, preferably completely, filled with an electrically insulating structural foam.
21. A heating system (40) having:
-an electric heating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims,
an electrical installation housing (30) surrounding an electrical installation housing interior (31),
-at least one electrical and/or electronic component (32) arranged in the electrical installation housing interior (31) in electrical connection with at least one heating element (8) of the heater (4).
22. The heating system (40) according to claim 21,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the electrical installation housing (30) is formed in part by a housing (3) of the heating device (1), in particular by an upper or lower housing wall (10 a, 10 b) of the housing (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022205703.1 | 2022-06-03 | ||
| DE102022205703.1A DE102022205703A1 (en) | 2022-06-03 | 2022-06-03 | Electric heating device for a heating system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117167976A true CN117167976A (en) | 2023-12-05 |
Family
ID=88874369
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310648458.7A Pending CN117167976A (en) | 2022-06-03 | 2023-06-02 | Electric heating device for heating system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117167976A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102022205703A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2689945B1 (en) | 2012-07-24 | 2017-05-31 | MAHLE Behr GmbH & Co. KG | Heating device |
| DE102017121341B4 (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2019-09-12 | Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh | Heater |
-
2022
- 2022-06-03 DE DE102022205703.1A patent/DE102022205703A1/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-06-02 CN CN202310648458.7A patent/CN117167976A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102022205703A1 (en) | 2023-12-14 |
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