CN117165894A - High-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for automobile engine and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for automobile engine and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 301
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 255
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 255
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 106
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 101
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011527 polyurethane coating Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920001730 Moisture cure polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013077 scoring method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, in particular to a high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for an automobile engine and a preparation method thereof. According to the scheme, the aluminum alloy is used as a substrate to prepare the cover plate, the aluminum alloy is used as an aluminum alloy substrate, and the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate is sprayed with an amorphous coating, so that the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the cover plate are improved, and the aluminum alloy is defined as the following specific components: mg:0.8 to 1.2 weight percent of Si:0.4 to 0.8 weight percent of Fe:0.7wt%, cu:0.2 to 0.4 weight percent of Mn:0.15wt%, zn:0.25wt%, cr:0.04 to 0.4 weight percent of Ti:0.15wt%, zr:0.15wt% and the balance of Al', the aluminum alloy has higher strength and comprehensive mechanical property, can be suitable for processing automobile engine cover plates, and has higher practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, in particular to a high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for an automobile engine and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The automobile engine is a device for providing power for an automobile, is a heart of the automobile, determines the power performance, economy, stability and environmental protection of the automobile, can be divided into a diesel engine, a gasoline engine, an electric automobile motor, hybrid power and the like according to different power sources, and generally adopts aluminum alloy for casting processing during actual processing, thereby replacing traditional steel materials, reducing the automobile quality and realizing light weight, and common components such as an aluminum alloy engine cover plate.
However, the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the aluminum alloy engine cover plate processed by the prior art cannot meet the actual requirements, so that the aluminum alloy cover plate with more excellent performance needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for an automobile engine and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for the automobile engine comprises the following steps of:
(1) Preparing aluminum-based alloy powder and nickel-based alloy powder respectively by a gas atomization method, mixing the aluminum-based alloy powder and the nickel-based alloy powder to obtain compound alloy powder, and sieving the powder with the granularity of 18-25 mu m to obtain small-particle-size compound alloy powder; sieving the powder with the granularity of 35-45 mu m to obtain large-particle-size compound alloy powder;
(2) Taking an aluminum alloy matrix, degreasing the surface, sequentially placing the aluminum alloy matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, ultrasonically cleaning for 20-30 min, vacuum drying, and performing surface sand blasting for later use;
(3) Taking small-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix subjected to sand blasting by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a bottom layer;
taking large-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the compound alloy powder on the surface of the bottom layer by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a surface layer;
(4) Mixing diphenylmethane diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate, adding 1/2 mass parts of polyether polyol, and prepolymerizing for 20-30 min at 80-85 ℃ to obtain polyurethane prepolymer;
mixing 1/2 mass parts of polyether polyol, solvent oil, defoamer, dispersant, dibutyl tin dilaurate, large-particle-size compound alloy powder, small-particle-size compound alloy powder and aluminum powder, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20-30 min, stirring for 1-1.2 h, adding polyurethane prepolymer, and stirring for 30-40 min to obtain polyurethane coating;
and (3) coating the polyurethane coating on the surface layer, and drying and curing to obtain a finished product.
In the more optimized scheme, in the step (4), the specific dosage of each component is as follows: in terms of the mass parts of the components, 25 to 35 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 15 to 25 parts of isophorone diisocyanate, 20 to 30 parts of polyether polyol, 10 to 20 parts of solvent oil, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of defoamer, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of dispersant, 1 to 1.5 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 2.5 to 3.5 parts of large-particle-size compound alloy powder, 2.5 to 3.5 parts of small-particle-size compound alloy powder and 2 to 3 parts of aluminum powder.
In the more optimized scheme, in the step (1), the aluminum-based alloy powder comprises alloy powder A and alloy powder B which are mixed, wherein the specific components of the alloy powder A are as follows: ni: 5-6at%, Y: 4-5 at%, co: 1-2at%, la:1 to 1.5at percent, cr:0.5 to 1at percent, and the balance of Al; the alloy powder B comprises the following specific components: ni: 6-8at%, Y: 2-3at%, co: 1-2at%, la:1 to 1.5at percent, gd: 1-2at%, mo:0.5 to 1at percent, and the balance of Al; the mass ratio of the alloy powder A to the alloy powder B is 1:1, a step of;
the nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following specific components: zr: 25-30at%, nb: 25-30at%, ti: 12-15 at% and the balance of Ni.
In the more optimized scheme, in the step (1), in the large-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 2:1, a step of; in the small-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 3:2.
in the step (3), the spraying distance is 150-200 μm, the powder feeding rate is 3-5 r/min, and propane is used as a combustion agent in the ultrasonic flame spraying.
The optimized scheme is that the coating thickness of the polyurethane paint is 100-130 mu m, and the spraying thickness of the bottom layer is 80-100 mu m; the spraying thickness of the surface layer is 60-80 mu m.
In the step (2), the sand blasting abrasive is 30 meshes of alumina powder, the sand blasting pressure is 0.4-0.5 MPa, the sand blasting speed is 0.4-0.5 cm/s, and the sand blasting time is 6-8 min.
The more optimized scheme, the aluminum alloy matrix comprises the following specific components: mg:0.8 to 1.2 weight percent of Si:0.4 to 0.8 weight percent of Fe:0.7wt%, cu:0.2 to 0.4 weight percent of Mn:0.15wt%, zn:0.25wt%, cr:0.04 to 0.4 weight percent of Ti:0.15wt%, zr:0.15wt% of Al and the balance.
According to the more optimized scheme, the aluminum alloy cover plate prepared by the preparation method of the high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for the automobile engine is prepared according to any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
the application discloses a high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for an automobile engine and a preparation method thereof, wherein an aluminum alloy is used as a substrate to prepare the cover plate, an amorphous coating is sprayed on the surface of the cover plate to improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the cover plate, and the scheme limits that the aluminum alloy comprises the following specific components: mg:0.8 to 1.2 weight percent of Si:0.4 to 0.8 weight percent of Fe:0.7wt%, cu:0.2 to 0.4 weight percent of Mn:0.15wt%, zn:0.25wt%, cr:0.04 to 0.4 weight percent of Ti:0.15wt%, zr:0.15wt% and the balance of Al', the aluminum alloy has higher strength and comprehensive mechanical property, can be suitable for processing automobile engine cover plates, and has higher practicability.
According to the scheme, an aluminum-based alloy powder and a nickel-based alloy powder are respectively prepared by adopting a gas atomization method, are mixed and compounded to form a compound alloy powder, the compound alloy powder is sprayed onto the surface of an aluminum alloy substrate by utilizing supersonic flame, so that a bottom layer and a surface layer are formed, the compound alloy powder is screened, the powder granularity of 18-25 mu m is small-particle-size compound alloy powder, the powder granularity of 35-45 mu m is large-particle-size compound alloy powder, the bottom layer is formed by utilizing a supersonic flame spraying process of the small-particle-size compound alloy powder, the surface layer is formed by utilizing the supersonic flame spraying of the large-particle-size compound alloy powder, and therefore a double-layer amorphous coating is formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy.
Emphasis is given to: the aluminum-based alloy powder comprises alloy powder A and alloy powder B which are mixed, wherein the specific components of the alloy powder A are as follows: ni: 5-6at%, Y: 4-5 at%, co: 1-2at%, la:1 to 1.5at percent, cr:0.5 to 1at percent, and the balance of Al; the alloy powder B comprises the following specific components: ni: 6-8at%, Y: 2-3at%, co: 1-2at%, la:1 to 1.5at percent, gd: 1-2at%, mo:0.5 to 1at percent, and the balance of Al; the mass ratio of the alloy powder A to the alloy powder B is 1:1, a step of; the nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following specific components: zr: 25-30at%, nb: 25-30at%, ti: 12-15 at%, and the balance of Ni; by adjusting the component proportions of the aluminum-based alloy powder and the nickel-based alloy powder, the combination property of the bottom layer and the aluminum alloy matrix is improved, and the overall wear resistance of the cover plate is also improved.
Meanwhile, the scheme also coats polyurethane paint on the surface of the double-layer amorphous coating, which is because: because the surface of the double-layer amorphous coating still has a layered and porous structure, the corrosion resistance of the cover plate can be greatly influenced, and therefore, for sealing the gap effect, the scheme is coated with the polyurethane coating, and small-particle-size compound alloy powder, large-particle-size compound alloy powder and aluminum powder are doped in the polyurethane coating, on one hand, the doping of the filler can improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of the cover plate, and on the other hand, the combination property of the polyurethane coating and the surface layer can be greatly improved.
The application discloses a high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for an automobile engine and a preparation method thereof, wherein the design of each step is reasonable, the process is simple and convenient, and the prepared aluminum alloy cover plate not only has excellent corrosion resistance, but also has high surface hardness, excellent wear resistance and higher practicability.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
In this embodiment, the aluminum alloy substrate is 6061 aluminum alloy, and the specific components are: mg:0.8wt%, si:0.6wt%, fe:0.7wt%, cu:0.4wt%, mn:0.15wt%, zn:0.25wt%, cr:0.1wt%, ti:0.15wt%, zr:0.15wt% of Al and the balance.
The polyether polyol is polyether DL-2000, which is provided by Lanxing Dong chemical industry Limited company; the solvent oil is aromatic hydrocarbon solvent oil S-150; the defoamer is BYK085; the dispersant is BYK118; the aluminum powder model is 4012 flaky aluminum powder provided by Nanjing Dier paint Co. 1 part by mass is 1g.
Example 1: the preparation method of the high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for the automobile engine comprises the following steps of:
(1) Preparing aluminum-based alloy powder and nickel-based alloy powder respectively by a gas atomization method, mixing the aluminum-based alloy powder and the nickel-based alloy powder to obtain compound alloy powder, and sieving the powder with the granularity of 18-25 mu m to obtain small-particle-size compound alloy powder; sieving the powder with the granularity of 35-45 mu m to obtain large-particle-size compound alloy powder; in the large-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 2:1, a step of; in the small-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 3:2.
the aluminum-based alloy powder comprises alloy powder A and alloy powder B which are mixed, wherein the specific components of the alloy powder A are as follows: ni:6at%, Y:4.5at%, co:1.5at%, la:1at%, cr:0.5at% and the balance of Al; the alloy powder B comprises the following specific components: ni:8at%, Y:2.5at%, co:1at%, la:1at%, gd:2at%, mo:0.5at% and the balance of Al; the mass ratio of the alloy powder A to the alloy powder B is 1:1, a step of;
the nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following specific components: zr:25at%, nb:28at%, ti:14at%, the balance being Ni.
(2) Taking an aluminum alloy matrix, degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix, and sequentially placing the aluminum alloy matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning
Vacuum drying for 20-30 min, and surface sand blasting for standby; the sand blasting abrasive is 30 meshes of alumina powder, the sand blasting pressure is 0.5MPa, the sand blasting speed is 0.5cm/s, and the sand blasting time is 6min.
(3) Taking small-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix subjected to sand blasting by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a bottom layer; the spraying thickness of the bottom layer is 80 mu m; and (3) taking large-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the compound alloy powder on the surface of the bottom layer by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a surface layer. The spray thickness of the surface layer is 70 mu m.
When in supersonic flame spraying, the spraying distance is 200 mu m, the powder feeding speed is 5r/min, and propane is used as a combustion agent.
(4) Taking 35 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 25 parts of isophorone diisocyanate, mixing, adding 12 parts of polyether polyol, and prepolymerizing for 30min at 80 ℃ to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
12 parts of polyether polyol, 20 parts of solvent oil, 1.5 parts of defoamer, 1.5 parts of dispersant, 1.5 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 2.5 parts of large-particle-size compound alloy powder, 2.5 parts of small-particle-size compound alloy powder and 3 parts of aluminum powder are mixed, ultrasonically dispersed for 20min, stirred for 1h, and then added with polyurethane prepolymer, and stirred for 30min to obtain the polyurethane coating.
And (3) coating the polyurethane coating on the surface layer, wherein the coating thickness of the polyurethane coating is 100 mu m, and drying and curing to obtain a finished product.
Example 2: the preparation method of the high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for the automobile engine comprises the following steps of:
(1) Preparing aluminum-based alloy powder and nickel-based alloy powder respectively by a gas atomization method, mixing the aluminum-based alloy powder and the nickel-based alloy powder to obtain compound alloy powder, and sieving the powder with the granularity of 18-25 mu m to obtain small-particle-size compound alloy powder; sieving the powder with the granularity of 35-45 mu m to obtain large-particle-size compound alloy powder; in the large-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 2:1, a step of; in the small-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 3:2.
the aluminum-based alloy powder comprises alloy powder A and alloy powder B which are mixed, wherein the specific components of the alloy powder A are as follows: ni:6at%, Y:4.5at%, co:1.5at%, la:1at%, cr:0.5at% and the balance of Al; the alloy powder B comprises the following specific components: ni:8at%, Y:2.5at%, co:1at%, la:1at%, gd:2at%, mo:0.5at% and the balance of Al; the mass ratio of the alloy powder A to the alloy powder B is 1:1, a step of;
the nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following specific components: zr:25at%, nb:28at%, ti:14at%, the balance being Ni.
(2) Taking an aluminum alloy matrix, degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix, and sequentially placing the aluminum alloy matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning
Vacuum drying for 20-30 min, and surface sand blasting for standby; the sand blasting abrasive is 30 meshes of alumina powder, the sand blasting pressure is 0.5MPa, the sand blasting speed is 0.5cm/s, and the sand blasting time is 7min.
(3) Taking small-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix subjected to sand blasting by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a bottom layer; the spraying thickness of the bottom layer is 80 mu m; and (3) taking large-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the compound alloy powder on the surface of the bottom layer by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a surface layer. The spray thickness of the surface layer is 70 mu m.
When in supersonic flame spraying, the spraying distance is 200 mu m, the powder feeding speed is 5r/min, and propane is used as a combustion agent.
(4) Taking 35 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 25 parts of isophorone diisocyanate, mixing, adding 12 parts of polyether polyol, and prepolymerizing at 85 ℃ for 25min to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
12 parts of polyether polyol, 20 parts of solvent oil, 1.5 parts of defoamer, 1.5 parts of dispersant, 1.5 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 3 parts of large-particle-size compound alloy powder, 3 parts of small-particle-size compound alloy powder and 2.5 parts of aluminum powder are mixed, dispersed for 25min by ultrasonic, stirred for 1.2h, and then added with polyurethane prepolymer, and stirred for 35min to obtain the polyurethane coating.
And (3) coating the polyurethane coating on the surface layer, wherein the coating thickness of the polyurethane coating is 100 mu m, and drying and curing to obtain a finished product.
Example 3: the preparation method of the high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for the automobile engine comprises the following steps of:
(1) Preparing aluminum-based alloy powder and nickel-based alloy powder respectively by a gas atomization method, mixing the aluminum-based alloy powder and the nickel-based alloy powder to obtain compound alloy powder, and sieving the powder with the granularity of 18-25 mu m to obtain small-particle-size compound alloy powder; sieving the powder with the granularity of 35-45 mu m to obtain large-particle-size compound alloy powder; in the large-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 2:1, a step of; in the small-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 3:2.
the aluminum-based alloy powder comprises alloy powder A and alloy powder B which are mixed, wherein the specific components of the alloy powder A are as follows: ni:6at%, Y:4.5at%, co:1.5at%, la:1at%, cr:0.5at% and the balance of Al; the alloy powder B comprises the following specific components: ni:8at%, Y:2.5at%, co:1at%, la:1at%, gd:2at%, mo:0.5at% and the balance of Al; the mass ratio of the alloy powder A to the alloy powder B is 1:1, a step of;
the nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following specific components: zr:25at%, nb:28at%, ti:14at%, the balance being Ni.
(2) Taking an aluminum alloy matrix, degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix, and sequentially placing the aluminum alloy matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning
Vacuum drying for 20-30 min, and surface sand blasting for standby; the sand blasting abrasive is 30 meshes of alumina powder, the sand blasting pressure is 0.5MPa, the sand blasting speed is 0.5cm/s, and the sand blasting time is 8min.
(3) Taking small-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix subjected to sand blasting by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a bottom layer; the spraying thickness of the bottom layer is 80 mu m; and (3) taking large-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the compound alloy powder on the surface of the bottom layer by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a surface layer. The spray thickness of the surface layer is 70 mu m.
When in supersonic flame spraying, the spraying distance is 200 mu m, the powder feeding speed is 5r/min, and propane is used as a combustion agent.
(4) Taking 35 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 25 parts of isophorone diisocyanate, mixing, adding 12 parts of polyether polyol, and prepolymerizing for 20min at 85 ℃ to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
12 parts of polyether polyol, 20 parts of solvent oil, 1.5 parts of defoamer, 1.5 parts of dispersant, 1.5 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 3.5 parts of large-particle-size compound alloy powder, 3.5 parts of small-particle-size compound alloy powder and 2 parts of aluminum powder are mixed, ultrasonically dispersed for 30min, stirred for 1.2h, then polyurethane prepolymer is added, and stirred for 40min to obtain the polyurethane coating.
And (3) coating the polyurethane coating on the surface layer, wherein the coating thickness of the polyurethane coating is 100 mu m, and drying and curing to obtain a finished product.
Comparative example 1: with example 3 as a control group, the aluminum-based alloy powder of comparative example 1 was alloy powder a, and alloy powder B was not introduced, and the remaining process parameters were kept unchanged.
The preparation method of the high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for the automobile engine comprises the following steps of:
(1) Preparing aluminum-based alloy powder and nickel-based alloy powder respectively by a gas atomization method, mixing the aluminum-based alloy powder and the nickel-based alloy powder to obtain compound alloy powder, and sieving the powder with the granularity of 18-25 mu m to obtain small-particle-size compound alloy powder; sieving the powder with the granularity of 35-45 mu m to obtain large-particle-size compound alloy powder; in the large-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 2:1, a step of; in the small-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 3:2.
the aluminum-based alloy powder is alloy powder A, and the specific components of the alloy powder A are as follows: ni:6at%, Y:
4.5at%, co:1.5at%, la:1at%, cr:0.5at% and the balance of Al.
The nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following specific components: zr:25at%, nb:28at%, ti:14at%, the balance being Ni.
(2) Taking an aluminum alloy matrix, degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix, and sequentially placing the aluminum alloy matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning
Vacuum drying for 20-30 min, and surface sand blasting for standby; the sand blasting abrasive is 30 meshes of alumina powder, the sand blasting pressure is 0.5MPa, the sand blasting speed is 0.5cm/s, and the sand blasting time is 8min.
(3) Taking small-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix subjected to sand blasting by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a bottom layer; the spraying thickness of the bottom layer is 80 mu m; and (3) taking large-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the compound alloy powder on the surface of the bottom layer by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a surface layer. The spray thickness of the surface layer is 70 mu m.
When in supersonic flame spraying, the spraying distance is 200 mu m, the powder feeding speed is 5r/min, and propane is used as a combustion agent.
(4) Taking 35 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 25 parts of isophorone diisocyanate, mixing, adding 12 parts of polyether polyol, and prepolymerizing for 20min at 85 ℃ to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
12 parts of polyether polyol, 20 parts of solvent oil, 1.5 parts of defoamer, 1.5 parts of dispersant, 1.5 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 3.5 parts of large-particle-size compound alloy powder, 3.5 parts of small-particle-size compound alloy powder and 2 parts of aluminum powder are mixed, ultrasonically dispersed for 30min, stirred for 1.2h, then polyurethane prepolymer is added, and stirred for 40min to obtain the polyurethane coating.
And (3) coating the polyurethane coating on the surface layer, wherein the coating thickness of the polyurethane coating is 100 mu m, and drying and curing to obtain a finished product.
Comparative example 2: with example 3 as a control group, the aluminum-based alloy powder of comparative example 2 was alloy powder B, and alloy powder a was not introduced, and the remaining process parameters were kept unchanged.
The preparation method of the high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for the automobile engine comprises the following steps of:
(1) Preparing aluminum-based alloy powder and nickel-based alloy powder respectively by a gas atomization method, mixing the aluminum-based alloy powder and the nickel-based alloy powder to obtain compound alloy powder, and sieving the powder with the granularity of 18-25 mu m to obtain small-particle-size compound alloy powder; sieving the powder with the granularity of 35-45 mu m to obtain large-particle-size compound alloy powder; in the large-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 2:1, a step of; in the small-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 3:2.
the aluminum-based alloy powder is alloy powder B, and the specific components of the alloy powder B are as follows: ni:8at%, Y:2.5at%, co:1at%, la:1at%, gd:2at%, mo:0.5at% and the balance of Al.
The nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following specific components: zr:25at%, nb:28at%, ti:14at%, the balance being Ni.
(2) Taking an aluminum alloy matrix, degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix, and sequentially placing the aluminum alloy matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning
Vacuum drying for 20-30 min, and surface sand blasting for standby; the sand blasting abrasive is 30 meshes of alumina powder, the sand blasting pressure is 0.5MPa, the sand blasting speed is 0.5cm/s, and the sand blasting time is 8min.
(3) Taking small-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix subjected to sand blasting by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a bottom layer; the spraying thickness of the bottom layer is 80 mu m; and (3) taking large-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the compound alloy powder on the surface of the bottom layer by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a surface layer. The spray thickness of the surface layer is 70 mu m.
When in supersonic flame spraying, the spraying distance is 200 mu m, the powder feeding speed is 5r/min, and propane is used as a combustion agent.
(4) Taking 35 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 25 parts of isophorone diisocyanate, mixing, adding 12 parts of polyether polyol, and prepolymerizing for 20min at 85 ℃ to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
12 parts of polyether polyol, 20 parts of solvent oil, 1.5 parts of defoamer, 1.5 parts of dispersant, 1.5 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 3.5 parts of large-particle-size compound alloy powder, 3.5 parts of small-particle-size compound alloy powder and 2 parts of aluminum powder are mixed, ultrasonically dispersed for 30min, stirred for 1.2h, then polyurethane prepolymer is added, and stirred for 40min to obtain the polyurethane coating.
And (3) coating the polyurethane coating on the surface layer, wherein the coating thickness of the polyurethane coating is 100 mu m, and drying and curing to obtain a finished product.
Comparative example 3: in the case of using example 3 as a control group, large-particle-size compound alloy powder was used for spraying in comparative example 3, and the remaining process parameters were kept unchanged.
The preparation method of the high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for the automobile engine comprises the following steps of:
(1) Preparing aluminum-based alloy powder and nickel-based alloy powder respectively by a gas atomization method, mixing the aluminum-based alloy powder and the nickel-based alloy powder to obtain compound alloy powder, and sieving the powder with the granularity of 35-45 mu m to obtain large-particle-size compound alloy powder; in the large-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 2:1, a step of; in the small-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 3:2.
the aluminum-based alloy powder comprises alloy powder A and alloy powder B which are mixed, wherein the specific components of the alloy powder A are as follows: ni:6at%, Y:4.5at%, co:1.5at%, la:1at%, cr:0.5at% and the balance of Al; the alloy powder B comprises the following specific components: ni:8at%, Y:2.5at%, co:1at%, la:1at%, gd:2at%, mo:0.5at% and the balance of Al; the mass ratio of the alloy powder A to the alloy powder B is 1:1, a step of;
the nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following specific components: zr:25at%, nb:28at%, ti:14at%, the balance being Ni.
(2) Taking an aluminum alloy matrix, degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix, and sequentially placing the aluminum alloy matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning
Vacuum drying for 20-30 min, and surface sand blasting for standby; the sand blasting abrasive is 30 meshes of alumina powder, the sand blasting pressure is 0.5MPa, the sand blasting speed is 0.5cm/s, and the sand blasting time is 8min.
(3) Taking large-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix subjected to sand blasting by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a bottom layer; the spraying thickness of the bottom layer is 80 mu m; and (3) taking large-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the compound alloy powder on the surface of the bottom layer by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a surface layer. The spray thickness of the surface layer is 70 mu m.
When in supersonic flame spraying, the spraying distance is 200 mu m, the powder feeding speed is 5r/min, and propane is used as a combustion agent.
(4) Taking 35 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 25 parts of isophorone diisocyanate, mixing, adding 12 parts of polyether polyol, and prepolymerizing for 20min at 85 ℃ to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
12 parts of polyether polyol, 20 parts of solvent oil, 1.5 parts of defoamer, 1.5 parts of dispersant, 1.5 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 3.5 parts of large-particle-size compound alloy powder, 3.5 parts of small-particle-size compound alloy powder and 2 parts of aluminum powder are mixed, ultrasonically dispersed for 30min, stirred for 1.2h, then polyurethane prepolymer is added, and stirred for 40min to obtain the polyurethane coating.
And (3) coating the polyurethane coating on the surface layer, wherein the coating thickness of the polyurethane coating is 100 mu m, and drying and curing to obtain a finished product.
Comparative example 4: with example 3 as a control group, the polyurethane coating in comparative example 4 only uses aluminum powder as a filler, and the rest of the process parameters remain unchanged.
The preparation method of the high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for the automobile engine comprises the following steps of:
(1) Preparing aluminum-based alloy powder and nickel-based alloy powder respectively by a gas atomization method, mixing the aluminum-based alloy powder and the nickel-based alloy powder to obtain compound alloy powder, and sieving the powder with the granularity of 18-25 mu m to obtain small-particle-size compound alloy powder; sieving the powder with the granularity of 35-45 mu m to obtain large-particle-size compound alloy powder; in the large-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 2:1, a step of; in the small-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 3:2.
the aluminum-based alloy powder comprises alloy powder A and alloy powder B which are mixed, wherein the specific components of the alloy powder A are as follows: ni:6at%, Y:4.5at%, co:1.5at%, la:1at%, cr:0.5at% and the balance of Al; the alloy powder B comprises the following specific components: ni:8at%, Y:2.5at%, co:1at%, la:1at%, gd:2at%, mo:0.5at% and the balance of Al; the mass ratio of the alloy powder A to the alloy powder B is 1:1, a step of;
the nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following specific components: zr:25at%, nb:28at%, ti:14at%, the balance being Ni.
(2) Taking an aluminum alloy matrix, degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix, and sequentially placing the aluminum alloy matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning
Vacuum drying for 20-30 min, and surface sand blasting for standby; the sand blasting abrasive is 30 meshes of alumina powder, the sand blasting pressure is 0.5MPa, the sand blasting speed is 0.5cm/s, and the sand blasting time is 8min.
(3) Taking small-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix subjected to sand blasting by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a bottom layer; the spraying thickness of the bottom layer is 80 mu m; and (3) taking large-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the compound alloy powder on the surface of the bottom layer by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a surface layer. The spray thickness of the surface layer is 70 mu m.
When in supersonic flame spraying, the spraying distance is 200 mu m, the powder feeding speed is 5r/min, and propane is used as a combustion agent.
(4) Taking 35 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 25 parts of isophorone diisocyanate, mixing, adding 12 parts of polyether polyol, and prepolymerizing for 20min at 85 ℃ to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
12 parts of polyether polyol, 20 parts of solvent oil, 1.5 parts of defoamer, 1.5 parts of dispersant, 1.5 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate and 9 parts of aluminum powder are mixed, dispersed by ultrasonic for 30min, stirred for 1.2h, then polyurethane prepolymer is added, and stirred for 40min to obtain the polyurethane coating.
And (3) coating the polyurethane coating on the surface layer, wherein the coating thickness of the polyurethane coating is 100 mu m, and drying and curing to obtain a finished product.
Detection experiment:
the samples prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to a frictional wear test with a load of 1kg and a revolution of 100 revolutions by referring to the detection method disclosed in GB/T1768-2006, and the wear amount was measured.
The adhesion was tested with reference to GB/T9286-1998, and the scratch was deep-scored into the top layer using a scoring method.
The non-test surface of the sample is sealed by 704 silicon rubber insulation and is soaked in 3.5wt% NaCl solution until the surface of the sample is fallen off, and the test time is recorded, namely: and (3) corrosion resistance time, 3-5 times of testing, and taking an average value.
Conclusion: the application discloses a high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for an automobile engine and a preparation method thereof, wherein the design of each step is reasonable, the process is simple and convenient, and the prepared aluminum alloy cover plate not only has excellent corrosion resistance, but also has high surface hardness, excellent wear resistance and higher practicability.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for an automobile engine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing aluminum-based alloy powder and nickel-based alloy powder respectively by a gas atomization method, mixing the aluminum-based alloy powder and the nickel-based alloy powder to obtain compound alloy powder, and sieving the powder with the granularity of 18-25 mu m to obtain small-particle-size compound alloy powder; sieving the powder with the granularity of 35-45 mu m to obtain large-particle-size compound alloy powder;
(2) Taking an aluminum alloy matrix, degreasing the surface, sequentially placing the aluminum alloy matrix in absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, ultrasonically cleaning for 20-30 min, vacuum drying, and performing surface sand blasting for later use;
(3) Taking small-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix subjected to sand blasting by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a bottom layer;
taking large-particle-size compound alloy powder, and spraying the compound alloy powder on the surface of the bottom layer by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process to form a surface layer;
(4) Mixing diphenylmethane diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate, adding 1/2 mass parts of polyether polyol, and prepolymerizing for 20-30 min at 80-85 ℃ to obtain polyurethane prepolymer;
mixing 1/2 mass parts of polyether polyol, solvent oil, defoamer, dispersant, dibutyl tin dilaurate, large-particle-size compound alloy powder, small-particle-size compound alloy powder and aluminum powder, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20-30 min, stirring for 1-1.2 h, adding polyurethane prepolymer, and stirring for 30-40 min to obtain polyurethane coating;
and (3) coating the polyurethane coating on the surface layer, and drying and curing to obtain a finished product.
2. The method for manufacturing a high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for an automobile engine according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the specific dosage of each component is as follows: in terms of the mass parts of the components, 25 to 35 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 15 to 25 parts of isophorone diisocyanate, 20 to 30 parts of polyether polyol, 10 to 20 parts of solvent oil, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of defoamer, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of dispersant, 1 to 1.5 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 2.5 to 3.5 parts of large-particle-size compound alloy powder, 2.5 to 3.5 parts of small-particle-size compound alloy powder and 2 to 3 parts of aluminum powder.
3. The method for manufacturing a high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for an automobile engine according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the aluminum-based alloy powder comprises an alloy powder A and an alloy powder B which are mixed, wherein the specific components of the alloy powder A are as follows: ni: 5-6at%, Y: 4-5 at%, co: 1-2at%, la:1 to 1.5at percent, cr:0.5 to 1at percent, and the balance of Al; the alloy powder B comprises the following specific components: ni: 6-8at%, Y: 2-3at%, co: 1-2at%, la:1 to 1.5at percent, gd: 1-2at%, mo:0.5 to 1at percent, and the balance of Al; the mass ratio of the alloy powder A to the alloy powder B is 1:1, a step of;
the nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following specific components: zr: 25-30at%, nb: 25-30at%, ti: 12-15 at% and the balance of Ni.
4. The method for manufacturing a high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for an automobile engine according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), in the large-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 2:1, a step of; in the small-particle-size compound alloy powder, the mass ratio of the aluminum-based alloy powder to the nickel-based alloy powder is 3:2.
5. the method for manufacturing a high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for an automobile engine according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), when in supersonic flame spraying, the spraying distance is 150-200 mu m, the powder feeding speed is 3-5 r/min, and propane is used as a combustion agent.
6. The method for manufacturing a high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for an automobile engine according to claim 1, wherein: the coating thickness of the polyurethane coating is 100-130 mu m, and the spraying thickness of the bottom layer is 80-100 mu m; the spraying thickness of the surface layer is 60-80 mu m.
7. The method for manufacturing a high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for an automobile engine according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the sand blasting abrasive is 30 meshes of alumina powder, the sand blasting pressure is 0.4-0.5 MPa, the sand blasting speed is 0.4-0.5 cm/s, and the sand blasting time is 6-8 min.
8. The method for manufacturing a high-strength aluminum alloy cover plate for an automobile engine according to claim 1, wherein: the aluminum alloy matrix comprises the following specific components: mg:0.8 to 1.2 weight percent of Si:0.4 to 0.8 weight percent of Fe:0.7wt%, cu:0.2 to 0.4 weight percent of Mn:0.15wt%, zn:0.25wt%, cr:0.04 to 0.4 weight percent of Ti:0.15wt%, zr:0.15wt% of Al and the balance.
9. An aluminum alloy cover sheet produced by the production method of a high-strength aluminum alloy cover sheet for an automobile engine according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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