CN117155705B - Data transmission system, method, equipment and storage medium based on internet of things gateway - Google Patents

Data transmission system, method, equipment and storage medium based on internet of things gateway Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117155705B
CN117155705B CN202311408357.9A CN202311408357A CN117155705B CN 117155705 B CN117155705 B CN 117155705B CN 202311408357 A CN202311408357 A CN 202311408357A CN 117155705 B CN117155705 B CN 117155705B
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state
data
network
data packet
private protocol
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CN117155705A (en
Inventor
彭凯
李梦君
徐家祥
张晨
王晨昕
陈云鹏
李书胜
王建东
杨晓东
何建文
沈永超
邱生顺
姚毅
邓天平
郭佳璐
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Three Gorges High Technology Information Technology Co ltd
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Three Gorges High Technology Information Technology Co ltd
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/02—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for separating internal from external traffic, e.g. firewalls
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
    • G16Y40/00—IoT characterised by the purpose of the information processing
    • G16Y40/50—Safety; Security of things, users, data or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/90—Buffering arrangements
    • H04L49/9057—Arrangements for supporting packet reassembly or resequencing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/02—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for separating internal from external traffic, e.g. firewalls
    • H04L63/0227—Filtering policies
    • H04L63/0236—Filtering by address, protocol, port number or service, e.g. IP-address or URL
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/40—Network security protocols

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a data transmission system, a method, equipment and a storage medium based on an internet of things gateway, wherein the system comprises: the method comprises the steps that an external network side receives an original data packet sent by Internet of things equipment, and filters the original data packet to obtain a data packet to be processed; the external network end analyzes the data packet to be processed through the FPGA module to obtain a binary data load; the external network end determines the network state according to the current packet sending rate and the state of the sending queue; the external network terminal encapsulates the binary data load based on the network state to obtain a private protocol data packet, and marks the network state to the private protocol data packet; the external network end stores the marked private protocol data packet into a transmission queue corresponding to the FPGA module, and unidirectionally transmits the private protocol data packet marked in the transmission queue to the internal network end according to a data transmission rule. The invention uses the private protocol to transmit the processed data from the non-secret external network to the secret-involved internal network, thereby ensuring the safety and confidentiality of the data.

Description

Data transmission system, method, equipment and storage medium based on internet of things gateway
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of data transmission technologies, and in particular, to a data transmission system, method, device and storage medium based on an internet of things gateway.
Background
With the rapid development of the technologies such as the internet of things technology and the wireless communication technology, various internet of things devices emerge like spring bamboo shoots after rain, and the intelligent devices are widely applied to the fields such as industrial automation, intelligent agriculture, health and medical treatment, intelligent life and the like. However, along with the rapid increase of the number of the internet of things devices, the network environment is increasingly complex, trojan horse and virus programs are disguised to be the internet of things devices to steal, destroy and other malicious activities, so that serious network potential safety hazards are caused, and how to effectively identify and manage the internet of things devices becomes important content of the internet of things safety study.
Traditional network security measures such as firewalls, virtual private networks (Virtual Private Network VPN), anti-virus gateways, and the like, although improving network security capabilities to some extent, do not completely eradicate network threats. This is not allowed by enterprises or confidential units with high security requirements. Under such an environment, the internet of things gateway plays an important role, is novel network equipment based on a unidirectional transmission technology, can support the transmission of information such as work, acquisition, running states and the like of various equipment of an external network to an confidential internal network, can prevent the confidential internal network information from flowing to an industrial external network, intercepts malicious traffic and identifies information such as equipment numbers, states and the like based on a traffic analysis technology, and transmits the information to a network management center in a unidirectional manner, so that the management of mass internet of things equipment is realized, and the internet of things gateway is widely applied to various network security solutions.
Although the unidirectional data transmission technology can meet the safety communication of equipment between an industrial external network and a secret-related internal network, a new problem is brought. Based on the unidirectional transmission characteristic, data can only be sent to the secret-related internal network by the non-secret-related industrial external network, the receiving end of the data can not send feedback information, and the sending end can not know the network delay and the packet loss condition of the data packet. Under such conditions, the TCP protocol and the sliding window protocol cannot be implemented, neither party knows the network state of the other party, and when the network environment is poor, the data sent by the sending end may be wrong or even not transmitted to the receiving end. The receiving end receives the information which is possibly completely wrong and is obtained after the data is received, but the receiving end can not inform the sender, so that the communication efficiency is greatly reduced. Therefore, how to realize the reliability of unidirectional data transmission is a urgent need to solve the problem.
The foregoing is provided merely for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention and is not intended to represent an admission that the foregoing is prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a data transmission system, a method, equipment and a storage medium based on an internet of things gateway, which aim to solve the technical problem of how to realize the reliability of unidirectional data transmission.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a data transmission system based on an internet of things gateway, where the data transmission system based on the internet of things gateway includes an external network end and an internal network end:
the external network end is used for receiving an original data packet sent by the Internet of things equipment, and filtering the original data packet to obtain a data packet to be processed;
the external network end is further used for analyzing the data packet to be processed through an FPGA module to obtain a binary data load, wherein the binary data load comprises a state load and a service load;
the external network end is further used for determining a network state according to the current packet sending rate and the sending queue state, wherein the network state comprises an idle state, a normal state and a congestion state;
the external network end is further configured to encapsulate the binary data load based on the network state to obtain a private protocol data packet, and mark the network state to the private protocol data packet;
the external network end is further configured to store the marked private protocol data packet in a transmission queue corresponding to the FPGA module, and unidirectionally transmit the marked private protocol data packet in the transmission queue to the internal network end according to a data transmission rule.
Optionally, the external network side is further configured to determine that the network state is an idle state when the current packet sending rate is less than a preset idle threshold and the sending queue state is an unsatisfied state;
and the external network end is further used for carrying out private protocol encapsulation on the binary data load through the FPGA module to obtain a private protocol data packet.
Optionally, the external network side is further configured to determine that the network state is a normal state when the current packet sending rate is greater than a preset idle threshold and the state of the sending queue is an unsatisfied state;
the external network end is also used for carrying out coding processing on the binary data load through the FPGA module to obtain a coded data load;
and the external network end is also used for carrying out private protocol encapsulation on the coded data load to obtain a private protocol data packet.
Optionally, the external network side is further configured to determine that the network state is a congestion state when the current packet sending rate is greater than a preset congestion threshold and the sending queue state is a full state;
the external network end is further used for carrying out coding processing on the binary data load through the FPGA module to obtain a coded data load, and the coded data load is transmitted to the internal network end in a redundancy mode;
And the external network end is also used for carrying out private protocol encapsulation on the coded data load to obtain an encapsulated private protocol data packet.
Optionally, the intranet end is configured to decapsulate the marked private protocol data packet to obtain the private protocol data packet and a network sending state;
the intranet end is further configured to extract the binary data load from the private protocol data packet when the network sending state is the idle state, and repackage the binary data load into device state information and service data;
the intranet end is further configured to send the device state information to a network management center, so that the network management center monitors the internet of things device according to the device state information;
the intranet terminal is further configured to encapsulate the service data through a TCP/IP protocol stack, obtain TCP/IP protocol data, and send the TCP/IP protocol data to a target terminal.
Optionally, the intranet end is further configured to determine, by using the FPGA module, the encoded data load according to the private protocol data packet when the network state is the normal state;
The intranet end is further used for decoding the coded data load to obtain a deinterleaved data load;
the intranet end is further used for determining a decoding load according to the de-interleaving data load through an RS parallel decoder;
the intranet end is further configured to repackage the decoding load to obtain device state information and service data.
Optionally, the intranet end is further configured to obtain redundant data packets with the same sequence number when the network state is the congestion state, and calculate a CRC checksum corresponding to the redundant data packets and a CRC checksum corresponding to the private protocol data packet respectively;
the intranet end is further configured to determine whether a CRC checksum corresponding to the redundant data packet and a CRC checksum corresponding to the private protocol data packet are consistent with an originating checksum;
and the intranet end is further used for determining the encoded data load according to the private protocol data packet through the FPGA module if the intranet end is inconsistent with the intranet end.
In addition, in order to achieve the above purpose, the invention also provides a data transmission method based on the internet of things gateway, which comprises the following steps:
Receiving an original data packet sent by Internet of things equipment, and filtering the original data packet to obtain a data packet to be processed;
analyzing the data packet to be processed through an FPGA module to obtain a binary data load, wherein the binary data load comprises a state load and a service load;
determining a network state according to the current packet sending rate and the state of a sending queue, wherein the network state comprises an idle state, a normal state and a congestion state;
the binary data load is packaged based on the network state, a private protocol data packet is obtained, and the network state is marked to the private protocol data packet;
storing the marked private protocol data packet into a transmission queue corresponding to the FPGA module, and unidirectionally transmitting the marked private protocol data packet in the transmission queue to an intranet terminal according to a data transmission rule.
In addition, in order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention further provides a data transmission device based on the internet of things gateway, the device comprising: the data transmission system comprises a memory, a processor and a data transmission program which is stored in the memory and can run on the processor and is based on the internet of things gate, wherein the data transmission program based on the internet of things gate is configured to realize the steps of the data transmission method based on the internet of things gate.
In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a storage medium, where a data transmission program based on the internet of things gateway is stored, and the data transmission program based on the internet of things gateway realizes the steps of the data transmission method based on the internet of things gateway as described above when being executed by a processor.
The data transmission system based on the internet of things gateway comprises an external network end and an internal network end, wherein the external network end firstly receives an original data packet sent by internet of things equipment, filters the original data packet to obtain a data packet to be processed, analyzes the data packet to be processed through an FPGA module to obtain a binary data load, the binary data load comprises a state load and a service load, the external network end determines a network state according to the current packet sending rate and a sending queue state, the network state comprises an idle state, a normal state and a congestion state, then the external network end packages the binary data load based on the network state to obtain a private protocol data packet, marks the network state to the private protocol data packet, finally the external network end stores the marked private protocol data packet in a sending queue corresponding to the FPGA module, and unidirectionally transmits the private protocol data packet marked in the sending queue to the internal network end according to a data sending rule. Compared with the methods of single-mode or multi-mode redundancy, software error correction codes, transmission rate control and the like in the prior art, the method can improve the reliability of unidirectional transmission to a certain extent, but has the defects of high cost, low speed, low communication efficiency and the like to a greater or lesser extent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission device based on an internet of things gateway in a hardware operation environment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on internet of things gate according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram of a unidirectional data transmission system according to a first embodiment of the data transmission system based on the internet of things gateway of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of an external network end of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on an internet of things gateway according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a device status information format diagram of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on internet of things gateway according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram of an RS parallel encoder of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on an internet of things gateway according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a coding flow of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on internet of things gate according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a private protocol format diagram of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on internet of things gateway according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is an intranet end flowchart of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on an internet of things gateway according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a decoding flow of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on internet of things gate according to the present invention;
Fig. 11 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a data transmission method based on internet of things gate according to the present invention.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission device based on an internet of things gateway in a hardware operation environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the data transmission device based on the internet of things gateway may include: a processor 1001, such as a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, a memory 1005. Wherein the communication bus 1002 is used to enable connected communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a DisPlay screen (disp), an input unit such as a Keyboard (Keyboard), and the optional user interface 1003 may further include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a Wireless interface (e.g., a Wireless-Fidelity (Wi-Fi) interface). The Memory 1005 may be a high-speed random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or a stable nonvolatile Memory (NVM), such as a disk Memory. The memory 1005 may also optionally be a storage system separate from the processor 1001 described above.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in fig. 1 does not constitute a limitation of the internet of things gateway-based data transmission apparatus, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or may have a different arrangement of components.
As shown in fig. 1, the memory 1005, which is a storage medium, may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a data transmission program based on an internet of things gateway.
In the data transmission device based on the internet of things gateway shown in fig. 1, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for performing data communication with a network server; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for data interaction with a user; the processor 1001 and the memory 1005 in the data transmission device based on the internet of things gateway can be arranged in the data transmission device based on the internet of things gateway, and the data transmission device based on the internet of things gateway calls the data transmission program based on the internet of things gateway stored in the memory 1005 through the processor 1001 and executes the data transmission method based on the internet of things gateway provided by the embodiment of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a data transmission method based on an internet of things gateway, and referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on the internet of things gateway.
In this embodiment, the data transmission system based on the internet of things gateway includes an external network terminal 2001 and an internal network terminal 2002:
it should be noted that, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a diagram of a unidirectional data transmission system of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on an internet of things gateway according to the present invention, after receiving data of an external network device, an external network end filters and processes the data, records a device number and running state information, sends the filtered data packet to an FPGA to process the data packet, the FPGA calculates a sending rate of a sending end and monitors a sending queue, and divides a network state which may exist in the whole system into an "idle state", "a normal state" and a "congestion state" based on the sending rate and a state of the sending queue. And marking the data packets existing in different network states and executing corresponding strategies. In the idle state, the network condition is good, the condition of error code basically does not occur, and no additional processing is performed by default. In a normal state, the data transmission efficiency is higher, and a small amount of error codes or packet loss can occur, and at the moment, the FPGA hardware resources are utilized to perform 'binary input interleaving coding and RS coding' on service data and equipment information. In the congestion state, the probability of error code and packet loss increases, so that not only is the binary input coding carried out on service data and equipment information, but also the repeated transmission is required to be carried out on the coded data. And then carrying out private protocol encapsulation on the processed data, transmitting the data to an intranet terminal in a one-way manner, carrying out decapsulation after receiving the data by an intranet FPGA, executing a corresponding strategy, and finally transmitting the data to different destination terminals according to five-tuple information. The whole unidirectional data transmission system has flexible and changeable strategy, and gives consideration to both efficiency and transmission reliability.
The external network 2001 is configured to receive an original data packet sent by an internet of things device, and perform filtering processing on the original data packet to obtain a data packet to be processed.
It should also be appreciated that the internet of things device data processed by the gatekeeper is divided into two categories: traffic data and status data. The service data are used for the equipment to collect and identify the working data, and comprise the actual operation information required by the equipment. The state data includes information such as the equipment number and the running state, and is mainly used for managing and monitoring the equipment, and is generally called as binary data.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flowchart of an external network end of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on an internet of things gate, after the external network end receives a data packet (an original data packet) of an internet of things device, firstly, an ACL access control list is queried to filter a data stream, non-trusted network traffic is removed, and the filtered trusted data packet is used as a data packet to be processed.
The external network 2001 is further configured to parse the data packet to be processed through an FPGA module to obtain a binary data load, where the binary data load includes a status load and a service load.
In the specific implementation, the filtered data packet is analyzed by the FPGA module, the basic information such as the serial number, the length, the quintuple and the like of the data packet is recorded, the service load part is stripped, then the equipment number, the running state, the equipment event and the like are assembled into the state load, and the state load and the service load are combined and recorded as the binary data load.
It should be further understood that after filtering out the data packets that do not meet the requirements, the FPGA module is used to perform protocol analysis on the successfully passed data packets, record relevant information such as the length of the data packet, the quintuple, etc., extract the service data load, and assemble the equipment status information (status load) such as the equipment number, the running status, the equipment event, etc., referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a format chart of the equipment status information of the first embodiment of the data transmission system based on the internet of things gateway according to the present invention.
The FPGA module is used for carrying out protocol stripping on a trusted data packet (a data packet to be processed), extracting information such as equipment numbers, running states, activity events and the like, assembling equipment state loads of the Internet of things, assembling binary data loads with service data loads, and recording information such as five-tuple, data length and the like of the data packet.
The external network 2001 is further configured to determine a network state according to the current packet sending rate and the sending queue state, where the network state includes an idle state, a normal state, and a congestion state.
Further, when the current packet sending rate of the external network side is smaller than a preset idle threshold value and the state of the sending queue is not full, determining that the network state is an idle state; when the current packet sending rate is larger than a preset idle threshold value and the state of a sending queue is an unsatisfied state, the external network end determines that the network state is a normal state; and when the current packet sending rate is larger than a preset congestion threshold value and the sending queue state is a full state, the external network end determines that the network state is a congestion state.
Setting a sending queue of the FPGA module, and marking the size of the sending queue as N. Two speed transmission thresholds are defined by taking the line speed LV of bidirectional data transmission under the same hardware condition as a reference, wherein the two speed transmission thresholds are an idle threshold SV and a congestion threshold CV, and the idle threshold SV and the congestion threshold CV are 0< SV < CV < LV respectively. The three network states of "idle state", "normal state", "congestion state" are respectively denoted as SP state, NM state and CG state.
The external network 2001 is further configured to encapsulate the binary data payload based on the network state, obtain a private protocol data packet, and tag the network state to the private protocol data packet.
The FPGA module calculates a sending rate of the sender, checks a real-time state of the sending queue, and divides a network state into an idle state, a normal state and a congestion state according to the size of the sending rate and the state of the sending queue. Under the three network states, the FPGA module respectively executes three strategies of 'not processing', 'RS coding and interleaving coding', 'coding and redundant transmission' on the binary data load.
It should also be noted that the network state is divided into an idle state, a normal state and a congestion state based on different transmission rates and transmission queue conditions. Different unidirectional reliable transmission strategies are respectively executed under different network states, so that the efficiency and the transmission reliability are both considered, and the method has better performance in various network environments.
In a specific implementation, the sending rate is smaller than an idle threshold value, the sending queue is not full, the network is in an idle state, and the FPGA module does not process any data load; the sending rate is larger than the idle threshold value, the sending queue is not full, the network is in a normal state, and the FPGA module carries out RS coding and then interweaving coding on binary data loads; the sending rate is larger than the congestion rate or the sending queue is full, the network is in a congestion state, and the FPGA module performs RS coding and interleaving coding on the binary data load and performs redundant transmission additionally.
It should also be understood that the whole unidirectional data transmission system is realized based on an FPGA module, and the analysis and processing of the data packet, the RS encoding/decoding and interleaving encoding/decoding, the redundancy transmission, the CRC checksum calculation, and the encapsulation of the proprietary protocol are all completed on the FPGA module.
In this embodiment, when the network state is an idle state, the FPGA module encapsulates the binary data load with a private protocol, so as to obtain a private protocol data packet.
The transmission rate is less than the idle threshold SV and the transmission queue is not full, defining the network state as idle state SP, where the binary data load is not processed by default. The FPGA module performs private protocol encapsulation on the data load after the strategy execution. The private protocol format comprises recorded data packet information, filling in serial numbers, quintuple information, network states and the like.
It should also be understood that when the transmission rate is less than SV and the transmission queue is not full, the network is in SP state, and the probability of error code or packet loss is small, and the FPGA module does not perform any processing on the binary data load. And the FPGA module performs private protocol encapsulation on the processed data load, and fills in five-tuple, coding length, serial number and other information by adopting the beginning of the magic head flag data.
In the embodiment, when the network state is a normal state, the binary data load is encoded by the FPGA module to obtain an encoded data load; and carrying out private protocol encapsulation on the coded data load to obtain a private protocol data packet.
The sending rate is larger than the idle threshold value SV, the sending queue is not full, the network state is defined as a normal state NM, and the FPGA module performs RS coding and interleaving coding on the binary data load. The FPGA module divides the state load and the service load to be transmitted into a plurality of data blocks with the size of k, and the part with the length less than k is subjected to zero padding. Assuming that the binary data payload lengths are L1 and L2, respectively, the number of data blocks n=，/>Representing an upward rounding. Each data block is sent to an RS (n, k) parallel encoder, where n is the codeword length, k is the information length, t= (n-k)/2, and t is the number of error corrections. After the RS coding data blocks with the length of N are obtained, the RS coding data blocks are subjected to column ordering by utilizing an interleaving technology, and then the final coding data load is obtained after the RS coding data blocks are read in row order, wherein the interleaving depth is the number N of the data blocks, and the coding data length is +.>. Referring to fig. 6 and 7, fig. 6 is a diagram of an RS parallel encoder of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on an internet of things gateway according to the present invention, and fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a coding flow of the first embodiment of the data transmission system based on the internet of things gateway according to the present invention.
Further, the FPGA performs private protocol encapsulation on the data load after the policy is executed, and the private protocol format comprises recorded data packet information, filling sequence numbers, quintuple information, network states, coded data lengths, coded data loads and the like.
When the transmission rate is greater than the SV and the transmission queue is not full, the network is in the NM state, and at this time, a small number of error codes or packet loss may occur, and the FPGA module performs RS encoding on the binary data load, performs interleaving encoding, and records the encoded data length. The FPGA module divides the state load and the service load in the binary data load into data blocks with the size of k, and the parts with the length less than k are subjected to zero padding and are sequentially placed in a queue to be encoded.
In the embodiment, when the network state is a congestion state, the binary data load is encoded through the FPGA module, so as to obtain the encoded data load, and redundant transmission is performed on the encoded data load; and carrying out private protocol encapsulation on the coded data load to obtain an encapsulated private protocol data packet.
The sending rate is larger than the congestion threshold CV or the sending queue is full, the network state is defined as the congestion state CG, and after the FPGA module performs RS coding and interleaving coding on the binary data load, the FPGA module performs RS coding and interleaving coding on the binary data load. The FPGA module divides the state load and the service load to be transmitted into a plurality of data blocks with the size of k, and the part with the length less than k is subjected to zero padding. Assuming that the binary data payload lengths are L1 and L2, respectively, the number of data blocks n= ，/>Representing an upward rounding. Each data block is sent to an RS (n, k) parallel encoder, where n is the codeword length, k is the information length, t= (n-k)/2, and t is the number of error corrections. After obtaining RS coding data blocks with length of N, using interleaving technology to sequence them, then reading in row order to obtain final coding data load, interleaving depth is number of data blocks N, coding data length is. And copying the coded data load again to perform redundant transmission processing. The FPGA module encapsulates the private protocol of the data load after the policy is executed, the private protocol format is shown in fig. 8, and fig. 8 is a private protocol format diagram of the first embodiment of the data transmission system based on the internet of things gateway according to the present invention. The figure includes recorded data packet information, filling sequence number, quintuple information, network state, coded data length, coded data load and CRC checksum.
In a specific implementation, when the transmission rate is greater than CV or the transmission queue is full, the network is in CG state, at this time, the network condition may be worse, the probability of error code or packet loss is increased, besides RS coding and interleaving coding are performed on binary data by using the FPGA module, a redundancy transmission is performed on the coded data packet, and the data packet for redundancy transmission uses the same sequence number information. Recording the encoded data length.
Further, the RS code is a special cyclic code, so it can be generated according to the cyclic coding manner: a) The FPGA module divides the state load and the service load in the binary data load into data blocks with the size of k, and the parts with the length less than k are subjected to zero padding and are sequentially placed in a queue to be encoded. b) Determining a generator polynomial of RS (n, k), t= (n-k)/2 codeSupervision polynomial->M (x) is an information polynomial generated for each data block, and the highest degree is k-1. Final coding polynomial->. c) The method comprises the steps of (1) setting registers Reg0-Reg (2 t-1) of an FPGA module to 0, sequentially sending information bits m of N data blocks into a shift circuit, inputting one-bit signals in each clock period, and shifting the shift register by one bit; (2) after moving for k periods, obtaining all the supervision bits r, and stopping inputting when all the information bits are input; (3) and shifting out all the supervision bits r after 2t clock cycles, and adding the supervision bits r to the back of the information bits to obtain encoded n-bit data. At this time, the register of the FPGA module is cleared, and the next encoding operation of the data block is waited. d) After all the encoded data blocks are obtained, the FPGA module sequentially reads the first byte and the second byte of each encoded block to the last byte, and the first byte and the last byte are recombined to obtain the interleaved encoded data load.
It should also be appreciated that this embodiment uses an error correction coding scheme of binary input RS coding in combination with interleaving coding. Compared with the traditional forward error correction coding, the RS coding has stronger error correction capability and better error correction performance for random errors, burst errors and continuous errors. The RS code and the interleaving code can be adjusted according to different application scenes, so that the error correction capability and the delay are balanced, and the requirements of different scenes can be met. Binary input provides better separability than RS encoding of unitary input, which separates device state information from service data so that confusion between different data does not occur. In this embodiment, a programmable logic device FPGA module is also used, where the FPGA module has a powerful hardware computing resource and has very low latency during data processing. The FPGA module also has highly parallel processing capability, can rapidly perform various binary calculations, needs to perform RS encoding and interleaving encoding and decoding for many times, and can efficiently complete the tasks.
The FPGA module is used for carrying out private protocol encapsulation on the processed data load, and filling five-tuple, coding length, serial number and other information by adopting the beginning of the magic head flag data.
It should also be appreciated that the CRC checksum is calculated using the hardware resources of the FPGA module, filling in the checksum field. The CRC checksum is mainly used for checking whether errors occur in the unidirectional transmission process, and does not influence the flow of error correction coding.
The FPGA module encapsulates the data load after the policy is executed by the private protocol, the private protocol comprises information such as a serial number, a network state, a coded data length, a quintuple, a CRC checksum and the like, a receiver of unidirectional transmission conveniently executes corresponding data processing work, a traditional TCP/IP protocol header is omitted, and unidirectional transmission efficiency is improved.
The external network end 2001 is further configured to store the marked private protocol data packet in a transmission queue corresponding to the FPGA module, and unidirectionally transmit the marked private protocol data packet in the transmission queue to the internal network end 2002 according to a data transmission rule.
And the external network FPGA module places the packaged private protocol data into a packet sending queue of the FPGA module and sequentially and unidirectionally transmits the encapsulated private protocol data to the internal network FPGA module.
It should also be understood that the data transmission rule is to sequentially transmit.
Further, referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a flowchart of an intranet end of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on an internet of things gateway according to the present invention, where the intranet end performs decapsulation processing on a marked private protocol data packet to obtain a network transmission state; when the network sending state is the idle state, extracting a binary data load from a private protocol data packet, and repackaging the binary data load into equipment state information and service data; the equipment state information is sent to a network management center, so that the network management center monitors the Internet of things equipment according to the equipment state information; and the business data is encapsulated through a TCP/IP protocol stack to obtain TCP/IP protocol data, and the TCP/IP protocol data is sent to the target terminal.
It should be noted that, after the intranet end FPGA module receives the data packet transmitted by the extranet FPGA module, the header magic field is used to find the starting position of the data, decapsulate the private protocol, extract the network state information field, and perform different processing on the data packet in different network states.
The network state is SP, at the moment, the data is not coded, the FPGA module does not process, the binary data load is directly extracted, the intranet end receives the decoded data load, and the data load is calculated according to the following steps ofAnd->Repackaging the data into device status information and service data, length of +.>In order to round up, the equipment state information is transmitted to a network management control center, so that equipment identification and monitoring are realized, abnormal equipment is timely issued to manage instructions, and service data are packaged again based on TCP/IP protocol stacks according to the information such as sequence numbers, quintuple, data length and the like. And distributing the TCP/IP protocol data by utilizing the quintuple information, and distributing the data packets to different intranet terminals (target terminals).
Further, when the network state of the intranet terminal is the normal state, determining the coding data load according to the private protocol data packet through the FPGA module; decoding the coded data load to obtain a deinterleaved data load; determining a decoding load according to the de-interleaving data load through an RS parallel decoder; and repackaging the decoding load to obtain the equipment state information and the service data. The equipment state information is sent to a network management center, so that the network management center monitors the Internet of things equipment according to the equipment state information; and the business data is encapsulated through a TCP/IP protocol stack to obtain TCP/IP protocol data, and the TCP/IP protocol data is sent to the target terminal.
And the network state is NM, the FPGA module performs RS decoding and interleaving decoding on the coded data load, and the length of the decoded original binary data is recorded. Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic decoding flow diagram of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on an internet of things gate according to the present invention, an FPGA module re-divides a coded data payload into N data blocks according to an interleaving depth N, performs row ordering and column reading on the N data blocks by using a de-interleaving technique to obtain data after interleaving and decoding, i.e., raw data after RS encoding, and sends the raw data to an RS (N, k) decoder to obtain decoded information data, and reassembles the decoded information data to obtain a decoded data payload (decoding payload).
In a specific implementation, an FPGA module divides an encoded data load into N blocks of data loads with the length of N according to interleaving depth N, sequentially reads the first byte until the last byte in each data block to obtain N blocks of de-interleaved data loads with the length of N, simultaneously sends N blocks of RS encoded data loads into an RS (N, k) parallel decoder to obtain N blocks of decoded data loads with the length of k, reorganizes and sorts the final decoded loads, and an intranet terminal receives the decoded data loads according to the data loads Andrepackaging data into device state information and number of servicesAccording to (I)>In order to round up, the equipment state information is transmitted to a network management control center, so that equipment identification and monitoring are realized, abnormal equipment is timely issued to manage instructions, and service data are packaged again based on TCP/IP protocol stacks according to the information such as sequence numbers, quintuple, data length and the like. And distributing the TCP/IP protocol data by utilizing the quintuple information, and distributing the data packets to different intranet terminals (target terminals).
Further, when the network state is a congestion state, the intranet end acquires redundant data packets with the same serial numbers, and calculates CRC checksum corresponding to the redundant data packets and CRC checksum corresponding to the private protocol data packets respectively; judging whether the CRC checksum corresponding to the redundant data packet and the CRC checksum corresponding to the private protocol data packet are consistent with the originating checksum or not; if the data packets are inconsistent, determining the coded data load according to the private protocol data packets through the FPGA module.
And the network state is CG, CRC checksum of two data packets with the same serial number is calculated, the CRC checksum is compared with the original checksum, and if at least one checksum is the same, the condition that error codes do not occur in the unidirectional transmission process is indicated, and RS decoding and interleaving decoding are directly carried out. If the two checksums are different, the redundant data packet is utilized for comparison, error code bits are found out and modified, and finally RS decoding and interleaving decoding are used. Recording the length of the decoded original binary data. Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic decoding flow diagram of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on an internet of things gate according to the present invention, an FPGA module re-divides a coded data payload into N data blocks according to an interleaving depth N, performs row ordering and column reading on the N data blocks by using a de-interleaving technique to obtain data after interleaving and decoding, i.e., raw data after RS encoding, and sends the raw data to an RS (N, k) decoder to obtain decoded information data, and reassembles the decoded information data to obtain a decoded data payload (decoding payload). The intranet receives the decoded data load according to And->Repackaging the data into device status information and service data, length of +.>In order to round up, the equipment state information is transmitted to a network management control center, so that equipment identification and monitoring are realized, abnormal equipment is timely issued to manage instructions, and service data are packaged again based on TCP/IP protocol stacks according to the information such as sequence numbers, quintuple, data length and the like. And distributing the TCP/IP protocol data by utilizing the quintuple information, and distributing the data packets to different intranet terminals (target terminals).
In this embodiment, firstly, an external network end receives an original data packet sent by an internet of things device, filters the original data packet to obtain a data packet to be processed, analyzes the data packet to be processed through an FPGA module to obtain a binary data load, the binary data load includes a state load and a service load, the external network end determines a network state according to a current packet sending rate and a sending queue state, the network state includes an idle state, a normal state and a congestion state, then the external network end encapsulates the binary data load based on the network state to obtain a private protocol data packet, marks the network state to the private protocol data packet, and finally the external network end stores the marked private protocol data packet in a sending queue corresponding to the FPGA module and unidirectionally transmits the private protocol data packet marked in the sending queue to the internal network end according to a data sending rule. Compared with the methods of single-mode or multi-mode redundancy, software error correction codes, transmission rate control and the like in the prior art, the method can improve the reliability of unidirectional transmission to a certain extent, but has the defects of high cost, low speed, low communication efficiency and the like to a greater or lesser extent.
Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a data transmission method based on an internet of things gateway according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 11, the data transmission method based on the internet of things gateway according to the embodiment of the invention includes the following steps:
step S10: and receiving an original data packet sent by the Internet of things equipment, and filtering the original data packet to obtain a data packet to be processed.
It is to be understood that the execution body of the embodiment may be a data transmission system based on an internet of things gateway with functions of data processing, network communication, program running, etc., or may be other computer devices with similar functions, etc., and the embodiment is not limited.
Step S30: and determining a network state according to the current packet sending rate and the sending queue state, wherein the network state comprises an idle state, a normal state and a congestion state.
Step S40: and carrying out encapsulation processing on the binary data load based on the network state to obtain a private protocol data packet, and marking the network state to the private protocol data packet.
Step S50: storing the marked private protocol data packet into a transmission queue corresponding to the FPGA module, and unidirectionally transmitting the marked private protocol data packet in the transmission queue to an intranet terminal according to a data transmission rule.
In this embodiment, firstly, an external network end receives an original data packet sent by an internet of things device, filters the original data packet to obtain a data packet to be processed, analyzes the data packet to be processed through an FPGA module to obtain a binary data load, the binary data load includes a state load and a service load, the external network end determines a network state according to a current packet sending rate and a sending queue state, the network state includes an idle state, a normal state and a congestion state, then the external network end encapsulates the binary data load based on the network state to obtain a private protocol data packet, marks the network state to the private protocol data packet, and finally the external network end stores the marked private protocol data packet in a sending queue corresponding to the FPGA module and unidirectionally transmits the private protocol data packet marked in the sending queue to the internal network end according to a data sending rule. Compared with the methods of single-mode or multi-mode redundancy, software error correction codes, transmission rate control and the like in the prior art, the method can improve the reliability of unidirectional transmission to a certain extent, but has the defects of high cost, low speed, low communication efficiency and the like to a greater or lesser extent.
Other embodiments or specific implementation manners of the data transmission method based on the internet of things gateway of the present invention may refer to the above method embodiments, and will not be described herein again.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or system that comprises the element.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present invention are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
From the above description of embodiments, it will be clear to a person skilled in the art that the above embodiment method may be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, but may of course also be implemented by means of hardware, but in many cases the former is a preferred embodiment. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (e.g. read-only memory/random-access memory, magnetic disk, optical disk), comprising instructions for causing a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather is intended to cover any equivalents of the structures or equivalent processes disclosed herein or in the alternative, which may be employed directly or indirectly in other related arts.

Claims (7)

1. The data transmission system based on the internet of things gateway is characterized by comprising an external network end and an internal network end:
the external network end is used for receiving an original data packet sent by the Internet of things equipment, and filtering the original data packet to obtain a data packet to be processed;
the external network end is further used for analyzing the data packet to be processed through an FPGA module to obtain a binary data load, wherein the binary data load comprises a state load and a service load;
the external network end is further used for determining a network state according to the current packet sending rate and the sending queue state, wherein the network state comprises an idle state, a normal state and a congestion state;
the external network end is further configured to encapsulate the binary data load based on the network state to obtain a private protocol data packet, and mark the network state to the private protocol data packet;
The external network end is further configured to store the marked private protocol data packet into a transmission queue corresponding to the FPGA module, and unidirectionally transmit the marked private protocol data packet in the transmission queue to the internal network end according to a data transmission rule;
the external network end is further configured to determine that the network state is an idle state when the current packet sending rate is less than a preset idle threshold and the sending queue state is an unsatisfied state; when the network state is the idle state, carrying out private protocol encapsulation on the binary data load through the FPGA module to obtain a private protocol data packet corresponding to the idle state;
the external network end is further configured to determine that the network state is a normal state when the current packet sending rate is greater than a preset idle threshold and the sending queue state is an unsatisfied state; when the network state is the normal state, the binary data load is subjected to coding processing through an FPGA module, and the coded data load is obtained; carrying out private protocol encapsulation on the coded data load to obtain a private protocol data packet corresponding to the normal state; when the current packet sending rate is greater than a preset congestion threshold value and the state of a sending queue is a full state, determining that the network state is a congestion state; when the network state is the congestion state, the encoded data load is transmitted to the intranet end in a redundancy way; and carrying out private protocol encapsulation on the coded data load to obtain an encapsulated private protocol data packet.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the intranet end is configured to decapsulate the marked private protocol data packet to obtain the private protocol data packet and a network transmission state;
the intranet end is further configured to extract the binary data load from the private protocol data packet when the network sending state is the idle state, and repackage the binary data load into device state information and service data;
the intranet end is further configured to send the device state information to a network management center, so that the network management center monitors the internet of things device according to the device state information;
the intranet terminal is further configured to encapsulate the service data through a TCP/IP protocol stack, obtain TCP/IP protocol data, and send the TCP/IP protocol data to a target terminal.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the intranet is further configured to determine, by the FPGA module, the encoded data payload according to the private protocol data packet when the network state is the normal state;
the intranet end is further used for decoding the coded data load to obtain a deinterleaved data load;
The intranet end is further used for determining a decoding load according to the de-interleaving data load through an RS parallel decoder;
the intranet end is further configured to repackage the decoding load to obtain device state information and service data.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the intranet is further configured to obtain redundant data packets with the same sequence number when the network state is the congestion state, and calculate CRC checksums corresponding to the redundant data packets and the private protocol data packets, respectively;
the intranet end is further configured to determine whether at least one of a CRC checksum corresponding to the redundant data packet and a CRC checksum corresponding to the private protocol data packet is consistent with an originating checksum;
and the intranet end is further used for determining the coded data load according to the private protocol data packet through the FPGA module if at least one agreement exists.
5. The data transmission method based on the Internet of things gateway is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
receiving an original data packet sent by Internet of things equipment, and filtering the original data packet to obtain a data packet to be processed;
Analyzing the data packet to be processed through an FPGA module to obtain a binary data load, wherein the binary data load comprises a state load and a service load;
determining a network state according to the current packet sending rate and the state of a sending queue, wherein the network state comprises an idle state, a normal state and a congestion state;
the binary data load is packaged based on the network state, a private protocol data packet is obtained, and the network state is marked to the private protocol data packet;
storing the marked private protocol data packet into a transmission queue corresponding to the FPGA module, and unidirectionally transmitting the marked private protocol data packet in the transmission queue to an intranet terminal according to a data transmission rule;
the step of determining the network state according to the current packet sending rate and the sending queue state comprises the following steps:
when the current packet sending rate is smaller than a preset idle threshold value and the sending queue state is an unsatisfied state, determining that the network state is an idle state;
the step of encapsulating the binary data load based on the network state to obtain a private protocol data packet and marking the network state to the private protocol data packet includes:
When the network state is the idle state, carrying out private protocol encapsulation on the binary data load through the FPGA module to obtain a private protocol data packet corresponding to the idle state;
the step of determining the network state according to the current packet sending rate and the sending queue state further comprises the following steps:
when the current packet sending rate is greater than a preset idle threshold value and the state of a sending queue is not full, determining that the network state is a normal state;
when the current packet sending rate is greater than a preset congestion threshold value and the state of a sending queue is a full state, determining that the network state is a congestion state;
the step of encapsulating the binary data load based on the network state to obtain a private protocol data packet and marking the network state to the private protocol data packet further includes:
when the network state is the normal state, the binary data load is subjected to coding processing through an FPGA module, and the coded data load is obtained; carrying out private protocol encapsulation on the coded data load to obtain a private protocol data packet corresponding to the normal state;
when the network state is the congestion state, the encoded data load is transmitted to the intranet end in a redundancy way; and carrying out private protocol encapsulation on the coded data load to obtain an encapsulated private protocol data packet.
6. Data transmission equipment based on thing networking floodgate, characterized in that, the equipment includes: the data transmission system comprises a memory, a processor and a data transmission program based on the internet of things gateway, wherein the data transmission program based on the internet of things gateway is stored in the memory and can run on the processor, and the data transmission program based on the internet of things gateway is configured to realize the steps of the data transmission method based on the internet of things gateway according to claim 5.
7. A storage medium, wherein a data transmission program based on an internet of things gateway is stored on the storage medium, and the data transmission program based on the internet of things gateway realizes the steps of the data transmission method based on the internet of things gateway according to claim 5 when being executed by a processor.
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