CN117153168A - Whale echo positioning signal detection and extraction method, system, equipment and medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides a detection and extraction method, a system, equipment and a medium for whale echo positioning signals, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining whale acoustic signals to be analyzed, and dividing the whale acoustic signals to be analyzed into segments to obtain a plurality of whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed; respectively carrying out signal positioning detection on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a target whale species echo positioning signal sequence; generating a target signal appearance table according to the echo positioning signal sequences of the target whale species, and generating a target signal time-frequency diagram according to the whale acoustic signal fragments to be analyzed corresponding to the echo positioning signal sequences of the target whale species. The application can automatically detect and extract whale echo positioning signals from passive acoustic big data of complex noise background, not only can improve the analysis efficiency of whale acoustic data, but also can improve the accuracy and sensitivity of whale echo positioning signal detection, can reduce the omission ratio, and has stronger self-adaptability.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of signal processing technologies, and in particular, to a method, a system, a computer device, and a storage medium for detecting and extracting whale echo positioning signals.
Background
Whales are widely distributed and have a large population number, play an important role in indicating structural changes and health of a marine ecosystem, and the importance of the whales is a great interest for researchers. Whales live under water most of the time and rely on sound for a series of important physiological activities such as positioning, predation and social interaction. The detection, identification and classification of whale echo positioning signals become important foundation for researching whale biological behaviors, and have important significance for scientific management and protection of whale animal populations.
The echo positioning signal research of the existing whale animals is mainly based on passive acoustic monitoring, however, the manual screening of acoustic data given by the huge data volume generated in long-term acoustic monitoring brings great challenges, and great labor cost and time cost are required to be consumed. Although the automatic detection algorithm can improve the analysis efficiency of whale signals and reduce human errors in the manual screening process to a certain extent, the automatic detection of the echo positioning signals of whales at present mostly adopts a detection and identification method based on the energy threshold value and the frequency spectrum characteristics of single pulse signals, and the detection and identification method has low accuracy of signal detection and higher omission rate under the application scenes of complex sea conditions and weak pulse signals, and is difficult to truly meet the application requirements of whale acoustic researches.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a detection and extraction method of whale echo positioning signals, which is used for automatically positioning and detecting whale echo positioning signals by combining pulse train detection and single pulse detection, solves the application defect of detection and extraction of the existing whale echo positioning signals, can automatically detect and extract whale echo positioning signals from passive acoustic big data with complex noise background acquired in real time or acquired off-line, can improve the analysis efficiency of whale acoustic data, can improve the accuracy and sensitivity of whale echo positioning signal detection, can reduce the omission ratio, has stronger self-adaptability, and can further truly and effectively meet the application requirements of whale acoustic research.
In order to achieve the above objective, it is necessary to provide a method, a system, a computer device and a storage medium for detecting and extracting whale echo positioning signals.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for detecting and extracting a whale echo positioning signal, where the method includes the following steps:
obtaining whale acoustic signals to be analyzed, and dividing the whale acoustic signals to be analyzed into segments to obtain a plurality of whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed;
respectively carrying out signal positioning detection on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a corresponding target whale species echo positioning signal sequence;
and generating a corresponding target signal appearance table and a target signal time-frequency diagram according to the whale acoustic signal fragments to be analyzed corresponding to the echo positioning signal sequences of the target whale species.
Further, the step of performing signal localization detection on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a corresponding target whale species echo localization signal sequence includes:
respectively carrying out short-time energy calculation on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a corresponding short-time energy sequence;
obtaining a corresponding self-adaptive energy threshold according to each short-time energy sequence, and screening the whale acoustic signal fragments to be analyzed according to the self-adaptive energy threshold to obtain a corresponding candidate pulse signal string;
calculating pulse acoustic parameters of the candidate pulse signal strings, and screening to obtain corresponding target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequences according to the pulse acoustic parameters; the pulsed acoustic parameters include a time interval rate of change and an energy rate of change;
extracting acoustic parameters of each pulse signal in the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence to obtain corresponding single-pulse acoustic parameters; the single pulse acoustic parameters include pulse duration, peak frequency, centroid frequency, and 3dB bandwidth:
and carrying out species discrimination on the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence according to all single pulse acoustic parameters of the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence and corresponding preset parameter thresholds to obtain the target whale echo positioning signal sequence.
Further, the step of calculating short-time energy of each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a corresponding short-time energy sequence includes:
respectively carrying out filtering treatment on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed according to a preset band-pass filter to obtain a corresponding filtering whale acoustic signal segment;
and (3) carrying out short-time energy calculation on each filtering whale acoustic signal segment according to a Teager-Kaiser energy operator to obtain a corresponding short-time energy sequence.
Further, the step of obtaining a corresponding adaptive energy threshold according to each short-time energy sequence includes:
respectively calculating the median and quartile spacing of each short-time energy sequence;
obtaining a corresponding self-adaptive energy threshold according to the median and the quartile spacing; the adaptive energy threshold is expressed as:
Threshold＝Median+A*IQR
wherein Threshold represents an adaptive energy Threshold; a represents a threshold constant; median and IQR represent the Median and quartile spacing, respectively, of the short-time energy sequence.
Further, the step of screening the whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed according to the adaptive energy threshold to obtain a corresponding candidate pulse signal string includes:
acquiring candidate pulse energy peaks exceeding the self-adaptive energy threshold in the short-time energy sequence;
detecting whether the peak value interval of the adjacent candidate pulse energy peak values exceeds a preset duration, if not, reserving the previous candidate pulse energy peak value, deleting the next candidate pulse energy peak value to obtain a screening pulse energy peak value, otherwise, taking each candidate pulse energy peak value as the screening pulse energy peak value;
and extracting pulse signals corresponding to the positions of the energy peaks of the screening pulses in the whale acoustic signal fragments to be analyzed to obtain the candidate pulse signal strings.
Further, the step of screening to obtain the corresponding target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence according to the pulse acoustic parameters comprises the following steps:
obtaining the maximum time interval change rate and the maximum energy change rate of a target whale reference echo positioning signal;
and if the time interval change rate and the energy change rate in the pulse acoustic parameters are respectively smaller than the corresponding maximum time interval change rate and maximum energy change rate, the candidate pulse signal string is used as the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence.
Further, the step of performing species discrimination on the target whale candidate echo locating signal sequence according to all single pulse acoustic parameters and corresponding preset parameter thresholds of the target whale candidate echo locating signal sequence to obtain the target whale echo locating signal sequence includes:
judging whether continuous preset number of monopulse acoustic parameters in the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence meet corresponding preset parameter threshold requirements;
if yes, judging the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence as the target whale echo positioning signal sequence.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a system for detecting and extracting whale echo locating signals, the system comprising:
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring whale acoustic signals to be analyzed, and dividing the whale acoustic signals to be analyzed into segments to obtain a plurality of whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed;
the signal detection module is used for respectively carrying out signal positioning detection on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a corresponding target whale species echo positioning signal sequence;
and the signal extraction module is used for generating a corresponding target signal appearance table and a target signal time-frequency diagram according to the whale acoustic signal fragments to be analyzed corresponding to the echo positioning signal sequences of the target whale species.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the above method when executing the computer program.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above method.
The application provides a detection and extraction method, a system, computer equipment and a storage medium of whale echo positioning signals, which are used for dividing acquired whale acoustic signals to be analyzed into segments, respectively carrying out signal positioning detection on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed after obtaining a plurality of whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed, obtaining corresponding target whale echo positioning signal sequences, generating corresponding target signal appearance tables according to each target whale echo positioning signal sequence, and generating corresponding target signal time-frequency diagrams according to the whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed corresponding to each target whale echo positioning signal sequence. Compared with the prior art, the detection and extraction method of the whale echo positioning signals can automatically detect and extract the whale echo positioning signals from the passive acoustic big data with complex noise background acquired in real time or acquired in an off-line mode, can improve analysis efficiency of whale acoustic data, can improve accuracy and sensitivity of whale echo positioning signal detection, can reduce omission ratio, has strong adaptability, and can really and effectively meet application requirements of whale animal acoustic research.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a method for detecting and extracting whale echo positioning signals in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart for detecting and extracting whale echo locating signals according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for detecting and extracting whale echo locating signals according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a target signal time-frequency diagram corresponding to a target whale species echo locating signal sequence according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a system for detecting and extracting whale echo locating signals according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is an internal structural view of a computer device in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, and it is apparent that the examples described below are part of the examples of the present application, which are provided for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The detection and extraction method of the whale echo positioning signal provided by the application can be understood as an automatic detection and extraction method of the whale echo positioning signal based on the combination of pulse train detection and single pulse detection, and can be applied to a terminal or a server as shown in figure 1. The terminal may be, but not limited to, various personal computers, notebook computers, smartphones, tablet computers and portable wearable devices, and the server may be implemented by a separate server or a server cluster formed by a plurality of servers. The server can adopt the flow architecture shown in the figure 2 provided by the application to detect and extract the whale echo locating signals efficiently and accurately according to the actual application requirements, and the extracted whale echo locating signals are used for subsequent research of the server or transmitted to the terminal for the terminal user to check and analyze; the following examples will describe the detection and extraction method of whale echo locating signals according to the present application in detail.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a method for detecting and extracting whale echo positioning signals is provided, which includes the following steps:
s11, acquiring whale acoustic signals to be analyzed, and dividing the whale acoustic signals to be analyzed into segments to obtain a plurality of whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed; the whale acoustic signal to be analyzed can be understood as passive acoustic big data acquired by towing and offline fixed point or acoustic signal data acquired in real time in marine environment, and is not particularly limited herein; correspondingly, the whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed can be understood as each sub-signal segment obtained by dividing the whale acoustic signal to be analyzed according to the preset time segment as a unit, and the length of the preset time segment can be selected according to the actual application requirement, for example, 1 second, or several seconds, or a certain duration less than 1 second, which is not particularly limited herein; after dividing to obtain a plurality of whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed, audio data in each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed is sequentially processed by the following method to identify and mark whale echo positioning signals.
S12, respectively carrying out signal positioning detection on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a corresponding target whale species echo positioning signal sequence; the target whale species echo positioning signal sequence may be understood as a sequence in which the presence of the target whale species echo signal is determined through signal positioning identification, specifically, the step of performing signal positioning detection on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a corresponding target whale species echo positioning signal sequence includes:
respectively carrying out short-time energy calculation on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a corresponding short-time energy sequence; the short-time energy sequence is understood to be an energy sequence obtained by performing energy calculation on the preprocessed signal segment based on an energy operator; specifically, the step of respectively performing short-time energy calculation on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a corresponding short-time energy sequence includes:
respectively carrying out filtering treatment on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed according to a preset band-pass filter to obtain a corresponding filtering whale acoustic signal segment; the filtering whale acoustic signal segment can be understood as a signal segment obtained by filtering data by applying a preset band-pass filter to a frequency band range of an echo positioning signal of a target whale species, and the preset band-pass filter can be selected according to the frequency band range required by practical application, and is not particularly limited herein;
according to the Teager-Kaiser energy operator, short-time energy calculation is carried out on each filtering whale acoustic signal segment, and a corresponding short-time energy sequence is obtained; wherein, the calculation formula of the Teager-Kaiser energy operator is expressed as follows:
wherein x is n Representing a waveform sample at time n; n represents the number of sampling points of the audio piece; e (E) n Sample x representing a waveform of time n n Corresponding short-time energy;
obtaining a corresponding self-adaptive energy threshold according to each short-time energy sequence, and screening the whale acoustic signal fragments to be analyzed according to the self-adaptive energy threshold to obtain a corresponding candidate pulse signal string; the self-adaptive energy threshold is understood to be a signal detection threshold which is set based on the background noise energy level, and can be improved when the background noise is strong, the interference of the noise on the pulse train extraction is reduced, and the detection threshold is reduced when the background noise is weak, so that the detection sensitivity of the weak pulse signal is improved; specifically, the step of obtaining the corresponding adaptive energy threshold according to each short-time energy sequence includes:
respectively calculating the median and quartile spacing of each short-time energy sequence; wherein, the quartile spacing is expressed as:
IQR＝Q3-Q1
wherein IQR represents the quartile spacing of the short-time energy sequence; q1 and Q3 represent the first quartile and the third quartile, respectively, of the short-time energy sequence;
obtaining a corresponding self-adaptive energy threshold according to the median and the quartile spacing; the adaptive energy threshold is expressed as:
Threshold＝Median+A*IQR
wherein Threshold represents an adaptive energy Threshold; a represents a threshold constant; median represents the Median of the short-time energy sequence, used to estimate the energy level of the background noise; IQR represents the quartile range of short-time energy sequences used to estimate the variability of background noise energy levels.
After the self-adaptive energy threshold corresponding to a certain signal segment is determined through the steps, effective pulse signals in each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed can be screened according to the self-adaptive energy threshold, and then candidate signal strings for identifying target whale species are obtained; specifically, the step of screening the whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed according to the adaptive energy threshold to obtain corresponding candidate pulse signal strings includes:
acquiring candidate pulse energy peaks exceeding the self-adaptive energy threshold in the short-time energy sequence;
detecting whether the peak value interval of the adjacent candidate pulse energy peak values exceeds a preset duration, if not, reserving the previous candidate pulse energy peak value, deleting the next candidate pulse energy peak value to obtain a screening pulse energy peak value, otherwise, taking each candidate pulse energy peak value as the screening pulse energy peak value; the preset duration may in principle be set according to practical application requirements, but in order to reduce the influence of the reflected signal (from the water surface, the water bottom or the object reflection), the embodiment preferably sets the preset duration to 1ms, that is, if the time interval between any two adjacent pulse energy peaks is less than 1ms (576 data points), the former energy peak is reserved, the latter peak is removed from the candidate pulse signals, and the pulse signals which can be finally used for species identification are obtained;
extracting pulse signals corresponding to the positions of the energy peaks of the screening pulses in the whale acoustic signal fragments to be analyzed to obtain candidate pulse signal strings; the candidate pulse signal string can be understood as a pulse signal sequence obtained by adding a pulse energy peak value exceeding an adaptive energy threshold value in a short-time energy sequence to a candidate pulse signal at a corresponding position in a whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed and eliminating a possibly existing reflected signal;
calculating pulse acoustic parameters of the candidate pulse signal strings, and screening to obtain corresponding target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequences according to the pulse acoustic parameters; the pulsed acoustic parameters include a time interval rate of change and an energy rate of change; wherein, the calculation formula of the time interval change rate is expressed as follows:
wherein t is i 、t i+1 And t i+2 Respectively represent the ith, and th of the candidate pulse signal strings corresponding positions of i+1 and i+2 pulse signals in the whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed; dt (dt) i Representing position t i A corresponding time interval rate of change; m represents the number of pulse signals in the candidate pulse signal string;
the calculation formula of the energy change rate is expressed as:
wherein E is i 、E i+1 And E is i+2 Short-time energy values of the ith pulse signal, the ith pulse signal and the ith pulse signal respectively represent the short-time energy values of the ith pulse signal and the ith pulse signal; dE (dE) i Representing the energy change rate corresponding to the ith pulse signal; m represents the number of pulse signals in the candidate pulse signal string;
specifically, the step of screening to obtain the corresponding target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence according to the pulse acoustic parameters includes:
obtaining the maximum time interval change rate and the maximum energy change rate of a target whale reference echo positioning signal; the target whale reference echo positioning signal can be understood as a classical reference signal which is set for target whale species identification according to actual application requirements, and is not particularly limited herein because of specific detection of the extracted target species; correspondingly, the method for obtaining the maximum time interval change rate and the maximum energy change rate can be obtained by referring to the calculation formula of the pulse acoustic parameters, and is not described in detail herein;
if the time interval change rate and the energy change rate in the pulse acoustic parameters are respectively smaller than the corresponding maximum time interval change rate and maximum energy change rate, the candidate pulse signal strings are used as the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequences; the method for determining the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence can be understood as that when the time interval change rate and the energy change rate corresponding to each pulse signal in a certain candidate pulse signal string are smaller than the maximum time interval change rate and the maximum energy change rate of the target whale reference echo positioning signal, the candidate pulse string can be considered as the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence, otherwise, the candidate pulse string is not the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence;
extracting acoustic parameters of each pulse signal in the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence to obtain corresponding single-pulse acoustic parameters; the single pulse acoustic parameter may be understood as that the single pulse parameter extraction is performed on each pulse signal in the target whale species candidate echo positioning signal sequence obtained in the above step to obtain the acoustic characteristic of the echo positioning signal which can be directly used for identifying a certain species, and the preferred embodiment includes pulse duration, peak frequency, centroid frequency and 3dB bandwidth, and the specific calculation process may be implemented by referring to the following steps:
firstly, extracting each pulse signal (candidate pulse signal) in a target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence by a time window with a certain length (for example, 346 sampling points and 0.6ms taking a detected energy peak value as a center); and in order to reduce the spectrum leakage, the present embodiment preferably applies a Hanning window (Hanning window) function to each pulse signal for processing and extracting:
wherein J represents the window length;
secondly, filtering the extracted original waveform in the time window by using a preset high-pass filter (3 kHz) to remove low-frequency noise, and calculating the following acoustic characteristic parameters according to the following method:
pulse duration (ms): determining the duration of each pulse according to the peak value of the Teager-Kaiser operator envelope; the time interval between two points when the pulse amplitude reaches 10% of the maximum peak amplitude sequentially is the pulse duration;
peak frequency (kHz): the first peak frequency is the frequency corresponding to the maximum amplitude value on the pulse power spectrum density curve;
centroid frequency (kHz): dividing the pulse signal spectrum energy into two equally divided frequency values;
3dB bandwidth (kHz): a frequency range in which the pulse power spectral density is higher than half of its maximum;
according to all single pulse acoustic parameters and corresponding preset parameter thresholds of the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence, species discrimination is carried out on the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence, and a target whale echo positioning signal sequence is obtained; the preset parameter threshold value can be understood as a threshold value which is obtained by respectively carrying out statistical analysis on each acoustic characteristic parameter (pulse duration, peak frequency, center frequency and 3dB bandwidth) of the existing target whale reference echo positioning signal and can be used for distinguishing the target whale species;
specifically, the step of performing species discrimination on the target whale candidate echo locating signal sequence according to all single pulse acoustic parameters and corresponding preset parameter thresholds of the target whale candidate echo locating signal sequence to obtain the target whale echo locating signal sequence includes:
judging whether continuous preset number of monopulse acoustic parameters in the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence meet corresponding preset parameter threshold requirements;
if yes, judging the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence as the target whale echo positioning signal sequence;
in practical applications, the specific determining process of the target whale echo locating signal sequence can be understood as that in the same target whale candidate echo locating signal sequence, if and only if a plurality of continuous single pulse signals meet the acoustic characteristics of the target whale echo locating signal (i.e. pulse duration, peak frequency, center frequency, 3dB bandwidth and the like fall within the corresponding preset parameter threshold ranges), the target whale candidate echo locating signal sequence is determined as the target whale echo locating signal sequence, that is, the echo locating signal of the target whale exists in the corresponding whale acoustic signal fragment to be analyzed is determined, and the whale acoustic signal fragment to be analyzed is marked correspondingly.
S13, generating a corresponding target signal appearance table and a target signal time-frequency diagram according to the whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed corresponding to the echo positioning signal sequences of the target whale species; the target signal appearance table may be considered as a table for recording the appearance time of the echo locating signal determined according to the position of the whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed corresponding to the target whale species echo locating signal sequence in the whole whale acoustic signal to be analyzed, as shown in table 1;
TABLE 1 target signal appearance Table for target whale species
| Numbering device | Time of occurrence |
| 1 | 2022-8-30 20:49:39 |
| 2 | 2022-8-30 20:49:40 |
| … | … |
Similarly, the target signal time-frequency diagram can be understood as a two-dimensional time-frequency diagram shown in fig. 4 generated by performing short-time fourier transform on whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed corresponding to the target whale species echo positioning signal sequence; fig. 4 is a spectrum diagram corresponding to the echo locating signal of the white dolphin, based on which the sound frequency and energy characteristics of the echo locating signal sequence of the whale species of interest can be displayed, which assists the operator in checking the detection output result.
According to the embodiment of the application, the acquired whale acoustic signals to be analyzed are segmented to obtain a plurality of whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed, then each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed is subjected to signal positioning detection respectively to obtain a corresponding target whale echo positioning signal sequence, a corresponding target signal appearance table is generated according to each target whale echo positioning signal sequence, a corresponding target signal time-frequency diagram scheme is generated according to each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed corresponding to each target whale echo positioning signal sequence, full-automatic detection and extraction of sound big data generated by real-time or long-term passive acoustic monitoring in whale animal research can be realized, dependence on manual screening is reduced, working efficiency of acoustic data processing analysis is improved, pulse signal sequences conforming to acoustic characteristics of whale echo positioning signals in marine environments can be rapidly screened out by using pulse time interval change rate and energy change rate, single pulse signals in candidate pulse strings can be detected according to single pulse time-frequency characteristics in the pulse signal sequences, and the single pulse signal time-frequency characteristics and single pulse characteristics and the single pulse signal sequence can be used for improving accuracy of mutual detection and noise detection under the condition, and the condition that the acoustic signal is different from the noise detection is different from the background signal; the application can automatically detect and extract whale echo positioning signals from passive acoustic big data acquired in real time or off-line with complex noise background, not only can improve the analysis efficiency of whale acoustic data, but also can improve the accuracy and sensitivity of whale echo positioning signal detection, can reduce the omission ratio, has stronger self-adaptability, can really and effectively meet the application requirements of whale acoustic research, and lays a foundation for effective management and protection of whales.
Although the steps in the flowcharts described above are shown in order as indicated by arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited to the order of execution unless explicitly recited herein, and the steps may be executed in other orders.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, there is provided a system for detecting and extracting whale echo locating signals, the system comprising:
the signal acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring whale acoustic signals to be analyzed, and dividing the whale acoustic signals to be analyzed into segments to obtain a plurality of whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed;
the signal detection module 2 is used for respectively carrying out signal positioning detection on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a corresponding target whale species echo positioning signal sequence;
and the signal extraction module 3 is used for generating a corresponding target signal appearance table and a target signal time-frequency diagram according to the whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed corresponding to the echo positioning signal sequences of the target whale species.
For specific limitations of the detection and extraction system of the whale echo locating signal, reference may be made to the above limitation of the detection and extraction method of the whale echo locating signal, and corresponding technical effects may be equally obtained, which will not be described herein. The above-mentioned detection and extraction system of whale echo locating signals can be implemented by all or part of each module by software, hardware and their combination. The above modules may be embedded in hardware or may be independent of a processor in the computer device, or may be stored in software in a memory in the computer device, so that the processor may call and execute operations corresponding to the above modules.
Fig. 6 shows an internal structural diagram of a computer device, which may be a terminal or a server in particular, in one embodiment. As shown in fig. 6, the computer device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, a display, a camera, and an input device connected by a system bus. Wherein the processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage media. The network interface of the computer device is used for communicating with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program is executed by the processor to implement a method of detecting and extracting whale echo positioning signals. The display screen of the computer equipment can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer equipment can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, can also be keys, a track ball or a touch pad arranged on the shell of the computer equipment, and can also be an external keyboard, a touch pad or a mouse and the like.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the architecture shown in fig. 6 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the present inventive arrangements and is not limiting of the computer devices to which the present inventive arrangements may be applied, and that a particular computing device may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine some of the components, or have the same arrangement of components.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the above method when the computer program is executed.
In one embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above method.
In summary, the detection and extraction method, the system, the equipment and the medium for the whale echo positioning signals provided by the embodiment of the application realize that the acquired whale acoustic signals to be analyzed are segmented to obtain a plurality of whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed, and then each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed is subjected to signal positioning detection respectively to obtain a corresponding target whale echo positioning signal sequence, a corresponding target signal appearance table is generated according to each target whale echo positioning signal sequence, and a corresponding target signal time-frequency chart is generated according to each target whale echo positioning signal sequence corresponding to the whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and all the embodiments are directly the same or similar parts referring to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, as relevant to see a section of the description of method embodiments. It should be noted that, any combination of the technical features of the foregoing embodiments may be used, and for brevity, all of the possible combinations of the technical features of the foregoing embodiments are not described, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The foregoing examples represent only a few preferred embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and such modifications and substitutions should also be considered to be within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the application is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting and extracting whale echo positioning signals, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining whale acoustic signals to be analyzed, and dividing the whale acoustic signals to be analyzed into segments to obtain a plurality of whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed;
respectively carrying out signal positioning detection on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a corresponding target whale species echo positioning signal sequence;
and generating a corresponding target signal appearance table and a target signal time-frequency diagram according to the whale acoustic signal fragments to be analyzed corresponding to the echo positioning signal sequences of the target whale species.
2. The method for detecting and extracting whale echo locating signals according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing signal locating detection on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a corresponding target whale echo locating signal sequence comprises:
respectively carrying out short-time energy calculation on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a corresponding short-time energy sequence;
obtaining a corresponding self-adaptive energy threshold according to each short-time energy sequence, and screening the whale acoustic signal fragments to be analyzed according to the self-adaptive energy threshold to obtain a corresponding candidate pulse signal string;
calculating pulse acoustic parameters of the candidate pulse signal strings, and screening to obtain corresponding target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequences according to the pulse acoustic parameters; the pulsed acoustic parameters include a time interval rate of change and an energy rate of change;
extracting acoustic parameters of each pulse signal in the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence to obtain corresponding single-pulse acoustic parameters; the single pulse acoustic parameters include pulse duration, peak frequency, centroid frequency, and 3dB bandwidth:
and carrying out species discrimination on the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence according to all single pulse acoustic parameters of the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence and corresponding preset parameter thresholds to obtain the target whale echo positioning signal sequence.
3. The method for detecting and extracting whale echo locating signals according to claim 2, wherein the step of calculating short-time energy of each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a corresponding short-time energy sequence includes:
respectively carrying out filtering treatment on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed according to a preset band-pass filter to obtain a corresponding filtering whale acoustic signal segment;
and (3) carrying out short-time energy calculation on each filtering whale acoustic signal segment according to a Teager-Kaiser energy operator to obtain a corresponding short-time energy sequence.
4. The method of detecting and extracting whale echo locating signals according to claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining corresponding adaptive energy thresholds from each short-term energy sequence comprises:
respectively calculating the median and quartile spacing of each short-time energy sequence;
obtaining a corresponding self-adaptive energy threshold according to the median and the quartile spacing; the adaptive energy threshold is expressed as:
Threshold＝Median+A*IQR
wherein Threshold represents an adaptive energy Threshold; a represents a threshold constant; median and IQR represent the Median and quartile spacing, respectively, of the short-time energy sequence.
5. The method for detecting and extracting whale echo locating signals according to claim 2, wherein said step of screening said whale echo locating signal segments to be analyzed according to said adaptive energy threshold to obtain corresponding candidate pulse signal strings comprises:
acquiring candidate pulse energy peaks exceeding the self-adaptive energy threshold in the short-time energy sequence;
detecting whether the peak value interval of the adjacent candidate pulse energy peak values exceeds a preset duration, if not, reserving the previous candidate pulse energy peak value, deleting the next candidate pulse energy peak value to obtain a screening pulse energy peak value, otherwise, taking each candidate pulse energy peak value as the screening pulse energy peak value;
and extracting pulse signals corresponding to the positions of the energy peaks of the screening pulses in the whale acoustic signal fragments to be analyzed to obtain the candidate pulse signal strings.
6. The method for detecting and extracting whale echo locating signals according to claim 2, wherein said step of screening out corresponding target whale candidate echo locating signal sequences according to said pulse acoustic parameters comprises:
obtaining the maximum time interval change rate and the maximum energy change rate of a target whale reference echo positioning signal;
and if the time interval change rate and the energy change rate in the pulse acoustic parameters are respectively smaller than the corresponding maximum time interval change rate and maximum energy change rate, the candidate pulse signal string is used as the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence.
7. The method for detecting and extracting whale echo locating signals according to claim 2, wherein said step of determining the species of said target whale echo locating signal sequence according to all single pulse acoustic parameters of said target whale echo locating signal sequence and corresponding predetermined parameter thresholds, comprises:
judging whether continuous preset number of monopulse acoustic parameters in the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence meet corresponding preset parameter threshold requirements;
if yes, judging the target whale candidate echo positioning signal sequence as the target whale echo positioning signal sequence.
8. A system for detecting and extracting whale echo locating signals, the system comprising:
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring whale acoustic signals to be analyzed, and dividing the whale acoustic signals to be analyzed into segments to obtain a plurality of whale acoustic signal segments to be analyzed;
the signal detection module is used for respectively carrying out signal positioning detection on each whale acoustic signal segment to be analyzed to obtain a corresponding target whale species echo positioning signal sequence;
and the signal extraction module is used for generating a corresponding target signal appearance table and a target signal time-frequency diagram according to the whale acoustic signal fragments to be analyzed corresponding to the echo positioning signal sequences of the target whale species.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 7 when the computer program is executed.
10. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 7.
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