CN117148070A - MCU-Apriori-LoRa based space electromagnetic wave UHF partial discharge directional sensing method and system - Google Patents
MCU-Apriori-LoRa based space electromagnetic wave UHF partial discharge directional sensing method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a space electromagnetic wave UHF partial discharge directional sensing method and system based on MCU-Apriori-LoRa, the method steps include: and (3) information acquisition: directionally collecting the ultrahigh frequency partial discharge information of the space electromagnetic wave; and (3) information conversion: processing the UHF partial discharge directional signal by utilizing a UHF partial discharge information conversion technology based on an MCU integrated chip, and converting the UHF partial discharge directional signal into a digital signal; feature extraction: carrying out UHF partial discharge directional feature extraction on the processed UHF partial discharge directional signal by utilizing a UHF partial discharge feature extraction model based on an MCU integrated chip; correlation analysis: constructing an Apriori-based UFH partial discharge directional characteristic abnormality association analysis model, and acquiring association rules of UHF partial discharge directional characteristic abnormality; orientation sensing: and the abnormal information is directionally transmitted to the data processing center by utilizing the UHF partial discharge directional transmission technology based on LoRa. The method and the system can monitor the insulation fault of the equipment on line in real time, help a user to eliminate hidden danger before the equipment has the insulation fault, and realize intelligent maintenance of the equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrical equipment, in particular to a space electromagnetic wave UHF partial discharge directional sensing method and system based on MCU-Apriori-LoRa.
Background
The Ultra high frequency partial discharge (Ultra-High Frequency Partial Discharge, UHF PD for short) refers to a minute discharge phenomenon occurring in an electrical device or an insulation system. These discharge phenomena generally occur in the very high frequency range (300 MHz to 3 GHz). Although these discharge phenomena are minor, they can pose serious hazards to electrical equipment and systems. The following are some hazards of the partial discharge at very high frequencies: 1) Resulting in equipment damage: partial discharges at very high frequencies can lead to damage to electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, cables and switching devices. Long-term partial discharge events can gradually damage the insulating material, ultimately leading to equipment failure and failure. 2) Increasing the maintenance cost of the system: partial discharge may cause frequent malfunctions of the power equipment, and thus, enterprises or institutions need to perform more frequent maintenance and repair, which increases maintenance costs. 3) The stability of the power system is reduced: as partial discharge activity increases, the stability of electrical devices and systems may be affected. This may lead to unstable systems, frequent power outages, and may even cause large-area malfunctions of the power system. 4) Safety risk: the energy generated by the partial discharge may cause a fire or explosion, which poses a safety threat to the equipment operators and the surrounding environment. 5) Asset value loss: the life of electrical equipment and systems may be shortened due to the effects of partial discharge, which may result in loss of asset value. 6) Data transmission interference: the uhf partial discharge may cause interference to surrounding communication and data transmission systems, resulting in communication failure or data loss.
Through directional detection, the partial discharge phenomenon can be discovered early, necessary maintenance and repair measures can be taken before the fault occurs, and the occurrence of equipment faults can be prevented. However, for remote or inaccessible places, timely detection is difficult, equipment faults can be avoided only by periodically maintaining equipment, and unnecessary waste of manpower and resources is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a spatial electromagnetic wave UHF partial discharge directional sensing method and system based on MCU-Apriori-LoRa, which can accurately detect an ultrahigh frequency partial discharge source.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a spatial electromagnetic wave ultrahigh frequency partial discharge directional sensing method based on MCU-Apriori-LoRa, which comprises the following operations:
the method comprises the steps of directionally collecting the ultrahigh frequency partial discharge information of the space electromagnetic waves, wherein the information comprises the steps of directionally collecting partial discharge signals at the power equipment, and collecting the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity at the installation position of a UHF partial discharge directional sensor to obtain UHF partial discharge directional signals;
processing the UHF partial discharge directional signal by utilizing a UHF partial discharge information conversion technology based on an MCU integrated chip, and converting the UHF partial discharge directional signal into a digital signal;
carrying out UHF partial discharge directional feature extraction on the processed UHF partial discharge directional signal by utilizing a UHF partial discharge feature extraction model based on an MCU integrated chip;
establishing an Apriori-based UFH partial discharge directional characteristic abnormality association analysis model, and obtaining association rules of UHF partial discharge directional characteristic abnormality through the Apriori-based UFH partial discharge directional characteristic abnormality association analysis model; and carrying out association matching on the UHF partial discharge directional characteristics obtained by online acquisition and processing according to association rules of the abnormality of the UHF partial discharge directional characteristics, and when abnormal information is found, carrying out directional transmission on the abnormal information to a data processing center by utilizing a LoRa-based UHF partial discharge directional transmission technology.
The invention further improves that: the spatial electromagnetic wave ultrahigh frequency partial discharge information expression is as follows:
wherein: x (t) is basic information for UHF partial discharge directional sensing of the space electromagnetic wave acquired at the moment t,for the UHF partial discharge directional signal collected at the moment t, v (t) is the intensity of the UHF partial discharge directional signal collected at the moment t, θ (t) is the phase angle of the UHF partial discharge directional signal collected at the moment t, f (t) is the frequency of the UHF partial discharge directional signal collected at the moment t, WD (t) is the measured temperature of the mounting part of the UHF partial discharge sensor at the moment t, and PH (t) is the humidity of the mounting part of the UHF partial discharge sensor at the moment t.
The invention further improves that: the processing of the ultra-high frequency partial discharge information of the space electromagnetic wave by utilizing the UHF partial discharge information conversion technology based on the MCU integrated chip comprises the following steps: the spatial electromagnetic wave signal analog-to-digital conversion, signal filtering processing and signal amplifying processing are expressed as follows:
F(t)＝Filter(D(t)),300≤f D (t)≤1500 (3)
ψ(t)＝Amplify(F(t)) (4)
X 1 (t)＝[ψ(t),v ψ (t),θ ψ (t),f ψ (t),WD(t),PH(t)] (5)
wherein: d (t) is a converted t-time UHF digital signal,for the continuous UHF partial discharge directional signal collected at the time t, ADC () is an analog-to-digital conversion function which converts the continuous analog signal into discrete digital signal, F (t) is the filtered UHF digital signal at the time t, F D (t) is the frequency corresponding to the converted UHF digital signal, filter () is a filtering function, the function is to remove signal noise and signals with the frequency exceeding 300Hz-1500Hz, and ψ (t) is the UHF digital signal amplified at time t, amplify () is a signal amplification function, X 1 (t) is UHF partial discharge information after being converted by the MCU integrated chip at the moment t, v ψ (t)、θ ψ (t)、f ψ (t) signal strength, signal phase angle, and signal frequency corresponding to the converted signal, respectively.
The invention further improves that: the UHF partial discharge characteristic extraction model based on the MCU integrated chip has the expression:
PV(t)＝max(ψ(t)) (6)
T r ＝t 2 -t 1 (7)
T f ＝t 4 -t 3 (8)
FS(t)＝FFT(ψ(t)) (10)
wherein: PV (T) is the peak value of UHF partial discharge directional signal captured at time T, max () represents the maximum value of the function, T r For UHF partial discharge directional signal rise time, t 1 T is the time at which the signal reaches a rise amplitude of 10% 2 T is the time when the signal reaches 90% of the rising amplitude f For UHF partial discharge directional signal falling time, t 3 T is the time at which the signal drops to 90% amplitude 4 E is the time at which the signal falls to 10% amplitude, E is the time (t s ,t e ) The total energy in the UHF partial discharge directional signal, FS (t) is the frequency spectrum characteristic, and FFT () is the frequency spectrum characteristic function.
The invention further improves that: the UHF partial discharge characteristic association analysis model expression based on Apriori is as follows:
X 2 (t)＝[ψ(t),v ψ (t),θ ψ (t),f ψ (t),WD(t),PH(t),PV(t),T r ,T f ,E,FS(t)] (11)
Support(i)≥δ s (13)
C(X 2 (t))＝{(ψ),(v ψ ),(v ψ ),L(ψ,v ψ ),(ψ,θ ψ )L(ψ,v ψ ,L,FS)} (14)
Confidence(i,ξ)≥δ c (16)
wherein: x is X 2 (t) is UHF partial discharge characteristic information to be associated at t moment, support (i) is a Support function of item set i, N i For the number of occurrences of item set i, N is the total item set number, C (X 2 (t)) is a vector X 2 Feature combination of (t), delta s To Support the threshold, confidence (i, ζ) is the Confidence function of item set i, support (ituζ) is the number of times item set i and partial discharge abnormal event ζ occur simultaneously, δ c Confidence threshold for item set i, g n And (5) setting an abnormal association rule for the nth UHF partial discharge.
The invention further improves that: the transmission of the abnormal information by using the loRa-based UHF partial discharge directional transmission technology comprises the steps of modulating and demodulating an abnormal UHF partial discharge directional signal, and filtering the demodulated signal, wherein the specific expression is as follows:
r(t)＝S(t)+Ω(t) (19)
d(t)＝r(t)·cos(2πf ψ (t)t+θ ψ (t)) (20)
MH(t)＝LPF(d(t)) (21)
wherein: s (t) is UHF partial discharge abnormal signal modulated at t moment, X' 2 (t) is UHF partial discharge abnormal signal detected at t moment, M (t) is modulation parameter, r (t) isthe UHF partial discharge abnormal signal is received by the receiving end at the moment t, omega (t) is noise received in the transmission process of the modulation signal S (t), d (t) is a signal demodulated by the receiving end, MH (t) is final UHF partial discharge abnormal information obtained after filtering processing, and LPF () is a low-pass filter function.
The invention relates to a spatial electromagnetic wave ultrahigh frequency partial discharge directional sensing system based on MCU-Apriori-LoRa, which comprises a network interface, a memory and a processor; the network interface is used for receiving and transmitting signals in the process of receiving and transmitting information with other external network elements;
the memory is used for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor;
the processor is configured to execute the above method steps when the computer program is run.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the method has the advantages of wireless long-distance transmission, high sensitivity, long standby time, low power consumption, long service life and the like by adopting the LoRa to directionally transmit UHF partial discharge information, meets the requirements of the wireless networking protocol of the node equipment of the Internet of things of the Q/GDW12021 power transmission and transformation equipment, and can be flexibly installed by adapting to internal power supply or external power supply according to the requirements of the on-site installation environment of clients. The method and the system can monitor the insulation fault of the equipment on line in real time, directionally transmit the abnormal information to the data processing center by utilizing LoRa communication, help a user eliminate hidden danger before the equipment has the insulation fault, and realize intelligent maintenance of the equipment.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be noted that the embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment is a spatial electromagnetic wave ultrahigh frequency partial discharge directional sensing method based on MCU-Apriori-LoRa, comprising the following operations:
step 1, information acquisition: providing a space electromagnetic wave ultrahigh frequency (Ultra High Frequency, UHF) partial discharge directional acquisition technology, and directionally acquiring space electromagnetic wave ultrahigh frequency partial discharge information, wherein the directional acquisition technology comprises the steps of directionally acquiring partial discharge signals at power equipment and acquiring environmental temperature and environmental humidity at the installation position of a UHF partial discharge directional sensor to obtain UHF partial discharge directional signals;
step 2, information conversion: the UHF partial discharge information conversion technology based on the MCU (Micro Control Unit) integrated chip is provided, the UHF partial discharge directional signal is processed by the UHF partial discharge information conversion technology based on the MCU integrated chip and is converted into a digital signal, and data support is provided for extracting the partial discharge characteristics of the UHF partial discharge sensor;
step 3, feature extraction: and providing a UHF partial discharge characteristic extraction model based on the MCU integrated chip, and extracting the UHF partial discharge directional characteristic of the processed UHF partial discharge directional signal by utilizing the UHF partial discharge characteristic extraction model based on the MCU integrated chip. Obtaining waveform characteristics of UHF partial discharge directional signals which can be used for judging the type and degree of partial discharge;
step 4, association analysis: establishing an Apriori-based UFH partial discharge directional characteristic abnormality association analysis model, and obtaining association rules of UHF partial discharge directional characteristic abnormality through the Apriori-based UFH partial discharge directional characteristic abnormality association analysis model;
step 5, orientation sensing: and carrying out association matching on the UHF partial discharge directional characteristic obtained by online acquisition and processing according to the association rule of the abnormality of the UHF partial discharge directional characteristic, when abnormal information is found, waking up low-power consumption LoRa Internet of things wireless communication, and carrying out directional transmission on the abnormal information to a data processing center by utilizing the LoRa communication, so as to help a user eliminate hidden danger before the equipment has an insulation fault, and realize intelligent maintenance of the equipment. When the wireless communication of the low-power-consumption LoRa internet of things directionally transmits UHF partial discharge abnormal information, the UHF partial discharge information modulation and demodulation process is generally needed. The invention adopts LoRa to directionally transmit UHF partial discharge information, has the advantages of wireless long-distance transmission, long standby time, low power consumption, long service life and the like, and meets the requirements of the wireless networking protocol of the node equipment of the Internet of things of the Q/GDW12021 power transmission and transformation equipment.
Because the UHF partial discharge sensor needs to work effectively in a certain range of ambient temperature and humidity, the information collected in the step 1 comprises the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity of the mounting place of the UHF partial discharge directional sensor. The partial discharge signals at the directionally collected power equipment comprise UHF partial discharge directional signals, UHF partial discharge directional signal intensity, UHF partial discharge directional signal phase angle and UHF partial discharge directional signal frequency. The acquired signal is represented by the following expression:
wherein: x (t) is basic information for UHF partial discharge directional sensing of the space electromagnetic wave acquired at the moment t.And (5) collecting UHF partial discharge directional signals at the time t. v (t) is the intensity of UHF partial discharge directional signals collected at the moment t, and the intensity range of the signals collected by the invention is-60-0 dBm. θ (t) is the phase angle of the UHF partial discharge directional signal acquired at the moment t. f (t) is the frequency of the UHF partial discharge directional signal acquired at the moment t, and the invention mainly acquires the partial discharge directional signal between 300MHz and 1500 MHz. WD (t) is the measured temperature of the mounting part of the UHF partial discharge sensor at the moment t. PH (t) is the humidity of the mounting place of the UHF partial discharge sensor at the moment t.
In the step 2, the processing of the UHF partial discharge directional signal acquired in the step 1 mainly comprises the following steps: spatial electromagnetic wave signal analog-to-digital conversion, signal filtering to remove noise and signal components exceeding the frequency range of 300 MHz-1500 MHz, signal amplification to better analyze UHF partial discharge signal characteristics. The UHF partial discharge information conversion technology based on the MCU integrated chip in the step 2 is shown in expressions (2) - (5). The analog-digital conversion function of the space electromagnetic wave signal is shown as expression (2), and mainly uses collected continuous UHF partial discharge directional signalsConverted into discrete digital signals, and the converted digital signals are D (t). The signal filtering function is shown as expression (3), and the function is mainlyThe method is used for removing noise in the UHF partial discharge directional signal and signal components exceeding the frequency range of 300 MHz-1500 MHz, and the filtered signal is F (t). The signal amplification function is shown in expression (4), and the function mainly gains the UHF partial discharge signal so as to better analyze, and the amplified signal is psi (t). Based on the steps, UHF partial discharge information converted based on the MCU integrated chip is shown as an expression (5), and expressions (2) - (5) are shown as follows:
F(t)＝Filter(D(t)),300≤f D (t)≤1500 (3)
ψ(t)＝Amplify(F(t)) (4)
X 1 (t)＝[ψ(t),v ψ (t),θ ψ (t),f ψ (t),WD(t),PH(t)] (5)
wherein: d (t) is a converted t-time UHF digital signal,for the continuous UHF partial discharge directional signal collected at time t, ADC () is an analog-to-digital conversion function, which is a function of converting continuous analog signals into discrete digital signals. F (t) is a filtered UHF digital signal at the time t, F D (t) is the frequency corresponding to the converted UHF digital signal, filter () is a filtering function, and the function of the Filter () is to remove signal noise and signals with the frequency exceeding 300Hz-1500 Hz. Psi (t) is a UHF digital signal amplified at time t, and amplification () is a signal amplification function. X is X 1 And (t) is UHF partial discharge information converted by the MCU integrated chip at the moment t. v ψ (t)、θ ψ (t)、f ψ (t) signal strength, signal phase angle, and signal frequency corresponding to the converted signal, respectively.
The waveform characteristics in the step 3 comprise peak characteristics, rising time and falling time, energy characteristics, frequency spectrum characteristics and the like, wherein the peak characteristics are used for describing instantaneous energy release of UHF partial discharge; rise time and fall time for describing change speed of UHF partial discharge signal, rise timeThe time between the transition of the signal from the low value to the high value and the falling time is the time of the transition of the signal from the high value to the low value; an energy signature describing the total energy of the UHF partial discharge signal over a period of time; spectral features are used to describe the spectral peak frequency and energy distribution of the UHF partial discharge signal. The UHF partial discharge characteristic extraction model based on the MCU integrated chip is shown in expressions (6) - (10). The peak detection function is shown in expression (6) and captures the instantaneous energy release of the partial discharge by identifying peaks in the UHF partial discharge signal. The rising time function is shown in expression (7) and mainly calculates the time of transition of the UHF partial discharge signal from a low value to a high value. The falling time function is shown in expression (8), and the function mainly calculates the time of transition of the UHF partial discharge signal from a high value to a low value. The energy function is shown in expression (9) and mainly describes the UHF partial discharge signal in a period of time (t s ,t e ) Total energy in. The spectral characteristic function is shown in expression (10), and mainly describes the spectral peak frequency and the energy distribution of the UHF partial discharge signal.
PV(t)＝max(ψ(t)) (6)
T r ＝t 2 -t 1 (7)
T f ＝t 4 -t 3 (8)
FS(t)＝FFT(ψ(t)) (10)
Wherein: PV (t) is the peak value of the UHF partial discharge directional signal captured at time t, and max () represents the maximum value of the function. T (T) r For UHF partial discharge directional signal rise time, t 1 T is the time at which the signal reaches a rise amplitude of 10% 2 The time at which the signal reaches a rise amplitude of 90%. T (T) f For UHF partial discharge directional signal falling time, t 3 T is the time at which the signal drops to 90% amplitude 4 Which is the time at which the signal drops to 10% amplitude. E is the UHF partial discharge directional signal at time (t s ,t e ) Total energy in. FS (t) is the spectral feature of the UHF partial discharge directional signal. FFT () is a spectral featureA function, primarily describing the spectral peak frequency and energy distribution of the signal.
The method is based on the Apriori algorithm, and the support degree of the item set and the confidence degree of the association rule are calculated, so that the association rule of the UHF partial discharge directional characteristic abnormality is generated, which characteristics are possibly related in a partial discharge event, and an association rule library is provided for the UHF partial discharge directional sensor to detect the partial discharge abnormality information on line. The UHF partial discharge characteristic association analysis model based on Apriori constructed in the step 4 is shown in expressions (11) - (17). The expression (11) is UHF partial discharge characteristic information to be correlated, the expression (12) is a support degree calculation model of the item set i in the Apriori algorithm, and the frequency of the item set i in the total data set is mainly described to determine whether the item set i is frequent or not, when the support degree of the item set i is more than or equal to a threshold delta s And is considered frequent for further generation of association rules as shown in expression (13). Item set i represents all belonging to vector X 2 The feature combinations of (t), as shown in expression (14), include a single feature combination, a two-by-two feature combination, three feature combinations, … …, all feature combinations. The expression (15) is a confidence coefficient calculation model of UHF partial discharge characteristics, the model represents the association degree of the item set i and the partial discharge event xi, and only the confidence coefficient is larger than or equal to a threshold delta c Is considered to be a meaningful, sufficiently reliable UHF partial discharge anomaly association rule as shown in expression (16). And finally, producing the UHF partial discharge abnormal association rule shown in the formula (17) through the analysis of the association rule.
X 2 (t)＝[ψ(t),v ψ (t),θ ψ (t),f ψ (t),WD(t),PH(t),PV(t),T r ,T f ,E,FS(t)] (11)
Support(i)≥δ s (13)
C(X 2 (t))＝{(ψ),(v ψ ),(v ψ ),L(ψ,v ψ ),(ψ,θ ψ )L(ψ,v ψ ,L,FS)} (14)
Confidence(i,ξ)≥δ c (16)
Wherein: x is X 2 And (t) is information to be associated with the UHF partial discharge characteristics at the moment t. Support (i) is a Support function of item set i, N i For the number of occurrences of item set i, N is the total item set number. C (X) 2 (t)) is a vector X 2 Feature combinations of (t) include a single feature combination, a two-by-two feature combination, three feature combinations, … …, all feature combinations. Delta s Is a support threshold. Confidence (i, ζ) is a Confidence function of item set i. Support (iuζ) is the number of times item set i appears with partial discharge anomaly event ζ. Delta c Is the confidence threshold for item set i. g n And (5) setting an abnormal association rule for the nth UHF partial discharge.
In step 5, transmitting the abnormal information by using the LoRa-based UHF partial discharge directional transmission technology comprises modulating and demodulating the abnormal UHF partial discharge directional signal, and filtering the demodulated signal, wherein the expression (18) is a UHF partial discharge abnormal information modulation process function and modulates the found UHF partial discharge abnormal information as shown in the following expressions (18) - (21). Then, the modulated signal S (t) is transmitted, and in the transmission process of the modulated signal S (t), the modulated signal S (t) is inevitably affected by the noise Ω (t), and further, the UHF partial discharge abnormal signal received at the receiving end is r (t), as shown in expression (19). The expression (20) is a demodulation process of the UHF partial discharge abnormal signal by the receiving end, and the demodulated signal is d (t). After demodulation, further filtering processing is needed to filter out high-frequency components, so that final UHF partial discharge abnormal information is obtained, as shown in expression (21).
r(t)＝S(t)+Ω(t) (19)
d(t)＝r(t)·cos(2πf ψ (t)t+θ ψ (t)) (20)
MH(t)＝LPF(d(t)) (21)
Wherein: s (t) is UHF partial discharge abnormal signal modulated at t moment, X' 2 (t) is a UHF partial discharge abnormal signal detected at the moment t, M (t) is a modulation parameter, r (t) is a UHF partial discharge abnormal signal received by a receiving end at the moment t, Ω (t) is noise received in the transmission process of a modulation signal S (t), d (t) is a signal demodulated by the receiving end, MH (t) is final UHF partial discharge abnormal information obtained after filtering processing, and LPF () is a low-pass filter function.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, systems according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A spatial electromagnetic wave ultrahigh frequency partial discharge directional sensing method based on MCU-Apriori-LoRa is characterized in that: the method comprises the following operations:
the method comprises the steps of directionally collecting the ultrahigh frequency partial discharge information of the space electromagnetic waves, wherein the information comprises the steps of directionally collecting partial discharge signals at the power equipment, and collecting the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity at the installation position of a UHF partial discharge directional sensor to obtain UHF partial discharge directional signals;
processing the UHF partial discharge directional signal by utilizing a UHF partial discharge information conversion technology based on an MCU integrated chip, and converting the UHF partial discharge directional signal into a digital signal;
carrying out UHF partial discharge directional feature extraction on the processed UHF partial discharge directional signal by utilizing a UHF partial discharge feature extraction model based on an MCU integrated chip;
establishing an Apriori-based UFH partial discharge directional characteristic abnormality association analysis model, and obtaining association rules of UHF partial discharge directional characteristic abnormality through the Apriori-based UFH partial discharge directional characteristic abnormality association analysis model;
and carrying out association matching on the UHF partial discharge directional characteristics obtained by online acquisition and processing according to association rules of the abnormality of the UHF partial discharge directional characteristics, and when abnormal information is found, carrying out directional transmission on the abnormal information to a data processing center by utilizing a LoRa-based UHF partial discharge directional transmission technology.
2. The spatial electromagnetic wave ultrahigh frequency partial discharge directional sensing method based on MCU-Apriori-LoRa of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the spatial electromagnetic wave ultrahigh frequency partial discharge information expression is as follows:
wherein: x (t) is basic information for UHF partial discharge directional sensing of the space electromagnetic wave acquired at the moment t,for the UHF partial discharge directional signal collected at the moment t, v (t) is the intensity of the UHF partial discharge directional signal collected at the moment t, θ (t) is the phase angle of the UHF partial discharge directional signal collected at the moment t, f (t) is the frequency of the UHF partial discharge directional signal collected at the moment t, WD (t) is the measured temperature of the mounting part of the UHF partial discharge sensor at the moment t, and PH (t) is the humidity of the mounting part of the UHF partial discharge sensor at the moment t.
3. The spatial electromagnetic wave ultrahigh frequency partial discharge directional sensing method based on MCU-Apriori-LoRa of claim 2, which is characterized in that: the processing of the ultra-high frequency partial discharge information of the space electromagnetic wave by utilizing the UHF partial discharge information conversion technology based on the MCU integrated chip comprises the following steps: the spatial electromagnetic wave signal analog-to-digital conversion, signal filtering processing and signal amplifying processing are expressed as follows:
F(t)＝Filter(D(t)),300≤f D (t)≤1500 (3)
ψ(t)＝Amplify(F(t)) (4)
X 1 (t)＝[ψ(t),v ψ (t),θ ψ (t),f ψ (t),WD(t),PH(t)] (5)
wherein: d (t) is a converted t-time UHF digital signal,for the UHF partial discharge directional signal collected at the time t, ADC () is an analog-to-digital conversion function, F (t) is a filtered UHF digital signal at the time t, F D (t) is the frequency corresponding to the converted UHF digital signal, filter () is a Filter function, psi (t) is the UHF digital signal amplified at time t, and amplification () is a signal amplification function, X 1 (t) is UHF partial discharge information after being converted by the MCU integrated chip at the moment t, v ψ (t)、θ ψ (t)、f ψ (t) signal strength, signal phase angle, and signal frequency corresponding to the converted signal, respectively.
4. The spatial electromagnetic wave ultrahigh frequency partial discharge directional sensing method based on MCU-Apriori-LoRa of claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the UHF partial discharge characteristic extraction model based on the MCU integrated chip has the expression:
PV(t)＝max(ψ(t)) (6)
T r ＝t 2 -t 1 (7)
T f ＝t 4 -t 3 (8)
FS(t)＝FFT(ψ(t)) (10)
wherein: PV (T) is the peak value of UHF partial discharge directional signal captured at time T, max () represents the maximum value of the function, T r For UHF partial discharge directional signal rise time, t 1 T is the time at which the signal reaches a rise amplitude of 10% 2 T is the time when the signal reaches 90% of the rising amplitude f For UHF partial discharge directional signal falling time, t 3 T is the time at which the signal drops to 90% amplitude 4 To decrease the signal to 10%The moment of amplitude, E, is the UHF partial discharge orientation signal at time (t s ,t e ) The total energy in the UHF partial discharge directional signal, FS (t) is the frequency spectrum characteristic, and FFT () is the frequency spectrum characteristic function.
5. The spatial electromagnetic wave ultrahigh frequency partial discharge directional sensing method based on MCU-Apriori-LoRa of claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the UHF partial discharge characteristic association analysis model expression based on Apriori is as follows:
X 2 (t)＝[ψ(t),v ψ (t),θ ψ (t),f ψ (t),WD(t),PH(t),PV(t),T r ,T f ,E,FS(t)] (11)
Support(i)≥δ s (13)
C(X 2 (t))＝{(ψ),(v ψ ),(v ψ ),L(ψ,v ψ ),(ψ,θ ψ )L(ψ,v ψ ,L,FS)} (14)
Confidence(i,ξ)≥δ c (16)
wherein: x is X 2 (t) is UHF partial discharge characteristic information to be associated at t moment, support (i) is a Support function of item set i, N i For the number of occurrences of item set i, N is the total item set number, C (X 2 (t)) is a vector X 2 Feature combination of (t), delta s To Support the threshold, confidence (i, ζ) is the Confidence function of item set i, support (ituζ) is the number of times item set i and partial discharge abnormal event ζ occur simultaneously, δ c Confidence threshold for item set i, g n Is the firstn UHF partial discharge abnormal association rules.
6. The spatial electromagnetic wave ultrahigh frequency partial discharge directional sensing method based on MCU-Apriori-LoRa of claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the transmission of the abnormal information by using the loRa-based UHF partial discharge directional transmission technology comprises the steps of modulating and demodulating an abnormal UHF partial discharge directional signal, and filtering the demodulated signal, wherein the specific expression is as follows:
r(t)＝S(t)+Ω(t) (19)
d(t)＝r(t)·cos(2πf ψ (t)t+θ ψ (t)) (20)
MH(t)＝LPF(d(t)) (21)
wherein: s (t) is UHF partial discharge abnormal signal modulated at t moment, X' 2 (t) is a UHF partial discharge abnormal signal detected at the moment t, M (t) is a modulation parameter, r (t) is a UHF partial discharge abnormal signal received by a receiving end at the moment t, Ω (t) is noise received in the transmission process of a modulation signal S (t), d (t) is a signal demodulated by the receiving end, MH (t) is final UHF partial discharge abnormal information obtained after filtering processing, and LPF () is a low-pass filter function.
7. The utility model provides a directional sensing system is put to space electromagnetic wave superfrequency office based on MCU-Apriori-loRa which characterized in that: comprises a network interface, a memory and a processor; the network interface is used for receiving and transmitting signals in the process of receiving and transmitting information with other external network elements;
the memory is used for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor;
the processor is configured to execute the steps of the MCU-Apriori-LoRa-based spatial electromagnetic wave ultrahigh frequency partial discharge orientation sensing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when the computer program is executed.
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