CN117147205B - Continuous sampling device for soil and water conservation - Google Patents
Continuous sampling device for soil and water conservation Download PDFInfo
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- CN117147205B CN117147205B CN202311428422.4A CN202311428422A CN117147205B CN 117147205 B CN117147205 B CN 117147205B CN 202311428422 A CN202311428422 A CN 202311428422A CN 117147205 B CN117147205 B CN 117147205B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 35
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 35
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 35
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soil and water sampling, in particular to a continuous soil and water conservation sampling device which comprises a sampling bottle, an embedded cylinder, a base, a shutoff rod, a converging ring and a sampling cylinder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water and soil sampling, in particular to a water and soil conservation continuous sampling device.
Background
Soil and water conservation refers to prevention and treatment measures taken for water and soil loss caused by natural factors and artificial activities. The water and soil resources in mountain areas, hilly areas and sand areas are protected, improved and treated, and the land productivity is maintained and improved, so that the economic benefit and the social benefit of the water and soil resources are fully exerted. The soil is characterized in that the soil is characterized by being a natural operating force with landmark nature, and under the action of the natural operating force and the comprehensive activities of human beings, the soil is influenced to a certain extent, mainly factors in the aspects of climate, topography, geology, vegetation and the like, so that excessive erosion, damage, separation, transportation and deposition of the soil are caused.
The water and soil conservation monitoring refers to long-term investigation, observation and analysis of water and soil loss, water and soil development, harm and water and soil conservation benefits. Through water and soil conservation monitoring, conditions such as soil property change, vegetation change and the like are analyzed and observed, and the water and soil loss type, occurrence and development rule and dynamic change trend are obtained, so that the method has important significance on comprehensive water and soil loss treatment, ecological environment construction macroscopic decision and scientific, reasonable and systematic arrangement of various measures of water and soil conservation, and is a foundation for water and soil conservation supervision, comprehensive treatment, ecological restoration and scientific research.
However, the water and soil loss and the change of soil characteristics are gradual slow processes, slow slopes or grooves are often formed in water and soil loss areas, a large amount of dry weeds are often accompanied by concentrated rolling in the water and soil loss areas, in the process of sampling water and soil, the traditional water and soil sampling device is difficult to collect and sample solid or liquid samples for a long time on the slow slope topography, the negative influence caused by excessive dry weed accumulation is difficult to be resolved, the collection range and collection amount of the samples are reduced, the samples collected in different periods are difficult to be isolated and stored, the difficulty of a sample extraction link is increased, and the work difficulty of subsequent analysis and research is also increased.
In view of the above, the present invention provides a continuous sampling device for soil and water conservation, which solves the above-mentioned technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a continuous sampling device for water and soil conservation; therefore, the problem that the traditional soil and water sampling device is difficult to collect and sample solid or liquid samples periodically and independently on gentle slope terrains, the collection range and collection amount of the samples are reduced, and the working difficulty of subsequent analysis and research and judgment is increased is solved.
The technical proposal adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is that the continuous sampling device for water and soil conservation comprises an embedded cylinder, wherein the embedded cylinder is of a convex structure, the lower part of the embedded cylinder is double-layer, a sampling bottle is circumferentially arranged in a lower interlayer of the embedded cylinder, the middle part and the upper part of the embedded cylinder are both of detachable structures, a plurality of groups of distance regulating grooves are arranged on the side wall of the embedded cylinder along the axial direction of the embedded cylinder, a lantern ring is movably arranged in the middle of the embedded cylinder and is clamped with one of the distance regulating grooves, a counter-pulling plate is arranged on the outer wall of the lantern ring, two ends of the counter-pulling plate are fixedly connected with the upper part and the lower part of the embedded cylinder respectively, a base is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the lantern ring, a plurality of ground inserting rods are circumferentially arranged on the base, a cut-off rod is circumferentially arranged on the upper part of the embedded cylinder, a torsion spring is connected between the cut-off rod and the embedded cylinder, and the end parts of the cut-off rod are all provided with bent parts with acute angles, the middle part circumference of the pre-buried section of thick bamboo has been seted up and has been erected the groove, and the sliding mounting has received the beam ring in erecting the groove, receive the beam ring and be double-deck, and be connected with the extension spring between beam ring and the pre-buried section of thick bamboo, the lower part inlayer of pre-buried section of thick bamboo has been seted up and has been penetrated the groove, it has embraced claw to have in the groove sliding mounting, it laminates with the sample bottle outer wall to embrace the one end of claw, the bottom fixed mounting of pre-buried section of thick bamboo has the motor, motor output shaft fixed mounting has the baffle, baffle and the lower part inner wall swivelling joint of pre-buried section of thick bamboo, baffle and the other end swing joint who embraces claw, the inboard movable mounting of pre-buried section of thick bamboo has the collection flow disc, the collection flow disc is located the below of beam ring, the upper top surface thickness of collection flow disc is gradually reduced from one side to the opposite side, the inner wall fixed being provided with the water conservancy diversion storehouse between pre-buried section of thick bamboo, the water conservancy diversion storehouse is located the thickness of collection disc and is located the top of sample bottle, the guiding chute with the collection flow disc up end intercommunication, install the sliding ring in the lower part intermediate layer of pre-buried section of thick bamboo, the outer wall of sampling bottle slides and leans on in the outer wall of sliding ring, and the lower part fixed mounting of pre-buried section of thick bamboo has a sampling section of thick bamboo, and a sampling section of thick bamboo is located sampling bottle top, and the sliding ring that is close to sampling section of thick bamboo position is provided with the curved surface to sampling bottle direction slope, the inboard movable mounting of a sampling section of thick bamboo has a sampling pole, and the lower part circumference of sampling pole is installed and is colluded the claw, colludes the upper end slip joint of claw and sampling bottle, and the sealed lid of laminating with sampling section of thick bamboo upper portion seal is installed on the upper portion of sampling pole.
Preferably, the inclined upper end surface of the converging disc is uniformly provided with converging grooves, and the notch of each converging groove points to the corresponding guide groove.
Preferably, the water permeable grooves are formed in the bottom of the embedded cylinder and the disc surface of the partition plate, the water permeable grooves are located below the sampling bottle, one end of the holding claw is slidably clamped in the water permeable grooves on the partition plate, and a tension spring is connected between the end of the holding claw and the partition plate.
Preferably, the beam-converging ring is of a funnel-shaped structure, the middle part of the beam-converging ring is circumferentially provided with a receiving rod, and the density of the receiving rod in the beam-converging ring at the upper layer is smaller than that in the beam-converging ring at the lower layer.
Preferably, the middle part fixed mounting of baffle has the montant, and the montant runs through the ring of closing, and the upper end tip fixed mounting of montant has crashproof dish, and crashproof dish position height is higher than the shutoff pole, and the upper portion fixed mounting of pre-buried section of thick bamboo has the fastening plate that is used for the montant to fix a position in the middle.
Preferably, the shutoff rods are arranged around the vertical rods in a horizontal or inclined posture, and the end parts of the shutoff rods placed in the horizontal posture extend to the inner sides of the embedded cylinders.
Preferably, a clamping ring is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the vertical rod, a groove clamped with the end part of the bent part of the intercepting rod is formed in the upper end face of the clamping ring, quincuncial protrusions are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the groove, and the bent part of the intercepting rod is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the groove of the clamping ring.
Preferably, the lateral wall of pre-buried section of thick bamboo is symmetrical slidable mounting from top to bottom has two sets of inserted bars, all is connected with extension spring between inserted bar and the pre-buried section of thick bamboo, and a set of inserted bar slip joint in the fastening plate on pre-buried section of thick bamboo upper portion, the bearing is installed in the tip rotation of inserted bar, and the driving lever is installed to the outer wall slope of montant, and the driving lever rolls with the bearing and support and lean on, and the middle part slope of inserted bar installs the elasticity stick, and the lower extreme slip of elasticity stick supports and lean on the up end of receiving the ring, a set of inserted bar slip joint in the collection flow dish that is located pre-buried section of thick bamboo lower part.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, through the assembled embedded cylinder, in the subsequent sample extraction link, the whole embedded cylinder is not required to be taken out, the taking-out and the supplementing operation of the sampling bottle can be completed, the environmental damage caused by frequent excavation of the ground surface is avoided, the long-term sample collection work can be carried out through the dislocation switching rotation of the sampling bottle at the bottom of the embedded cylinder, and the collected liquid samples are mutually independent, so that the analysis and the judgment of the water and soil environmental change of the sampling ground by workers are facilitated.
(2) According to the invention, the shutoff rod which is arranged in a conical surrounding manner can separate and block large-volume cumulated branch weeds from the upper part of a gentle slope, the cumulated branch weeds which are in front are dispersed and split to two sides through the conical radian and intermittent stretching movement, and the shutoff rod which is arranged behind the embedded cylinder and in a horizontal posture can intercept part of the cumulated branch weeds flowing through the position through the bending part of the shutoff rod, so that the collection operation of large-volume cumulated branch weed samples is completed, and the two groups of the shutoff rods which are arranged in different postures are suitable for water and soil sampling operation in the gentle slope region, and meanwhile, the collection range of the samples is promoted.
(3) According to the invention, the funnel-shaped collecting ring can carry out secondary interception blocking on the small-volume cumulated weeds which permeate and fall, and vibration is carried out on the small-volume cumulated weeds stacked on the receiving rod through vibration, so that the space utilization rate is improved, the level clarity of the cumulated weeds is improved, and the ground vegetation change is conveniently judged and analyzed by staff.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall connection structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the invention at A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the invention at B in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the embedded cylinder and the base;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 5 at C in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the invention at D in FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship among the pre-buried cylinder, the sampling cylinder and the confluence plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship among the pre-buried canister, the sampling bottle and the holding claw of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 9 at E in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of the invention at F in FIG. 9;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a first positional relationship between a pre-buried cylinder and the ground surface in the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a second positional relationship between the embedment cylinder and the earth's surface in the present invention.
In the figure:
1. sampling bottle; 2. a pre-buried cylinder; 21. a distance adjusting groove; 3. a collar; 30. a base; 301. a ground rod; 31. a pair of pull plates; 4. a shutoff rod; 5. a converging ring; 22. a vertical groove; 6. a penetration groove; 61. holding claws; 23. a motor; 24. a partition plate; 25. a confluence plate; 26. a diversion bin; 261. a diversion trench; 251. a sink groove; 241. a water-permeable tank; 27. a slip ring; 28. a sampling tube; 281. a sampling rod; 282. sealing cover; 51. a receiving rod; 29. a vertical rod; 291. an anti-collision disc; 292. a fastening plate; 293. a clasp; 20. a rod; 201. a tension spring; 202. a bearing; 294. a deflector rod; 203. an elastic rod; 00. a surface; 01. countersunk holes.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
The embodiment of the invention solves the problems that the conventional water and soil sampling device is difficult to periodically and independently collect and sample solid or liquid samples on gentle slope terrains, the collection range and the collection amount of the samples are reduced, and the working difficulty of subsequent analysis and research is increased by providing the continuous water and soil conservation sampling device.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 5, fig. 7, fig. 12 and fig. 13, a soil and water conservation continuous sampling device comprises an embedded cylinder 2, the embedded cylinder 2 is of a convex structure, the lower part of the embedded cylinder 2 is double-layer, a sampling bottle 1 is circumferentially placed in a lower interlayer of the embedded cylinder 2, the middle part and the upper part of the embedded cylinder 2 are of detachable structures, two groups of inserted bars 20 are symmetrically and slidingly installed on the side wall of the embedded cylinder 2 up and down, tension springs 201 are connected between the inserted bars 20 and the embedded cylinder 2, a plurality of groups of distance regulating grooves 21 are formed in the side wall of the embedded cylinder 2 along the axial direction of the embedded cylinder, a lantern ring 3 is movably installed in the middle of the embedded cylinder 2, the lantern ring 3 is clamped with one of the distance regulating grooves 21, a counter-pulling plate 31 is installed on the outer wall of the lantern ring 3, two ends of the counter-pulling plate 31 are fixedly connected with the upper part and the lower part of the embedded cylinder 2 respectively, a base 30 is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the lantern ring 3, a plurality of ground inserted bars 301 are circumferentially installed on the base 30, a plurality of inserted bars 4 are circumferentially installed on the upper part of the embedded cylinder 2, a cut-off angle is formed between the cut-off bars 4 and the embedded cylinder 2, and the cut-off angle is set at the cut-off angle.
During operation, a worker determines a sampling site on a hillside or a groove with a certain gradient, digs a counter bore 01 with a certain depth, then places the embedded cylinder 2 at the wide side of the dug counter bore 01, makes the upper end of the embedded cylinder 2 equal to the ground surface 00 where the counter bore 01 is located, then installs the lantern ring 3 in the distance adjusting groove 21 at a proper position, at this time, the base 30 is positioned on the low-lying surface of the counter bore 01, then rotates the ground inserting rods 301, makes the plurality of ground inserting rods 301 spread radially, then fixes the ground inserting rods 301, and at this time, the embedded height and the embedded position of the embedded cylinder 2 are also locked relatively.
As shown in fig. 2, 5 and 6, a vertical groove 22 is circumferentially formed in the middle of the pre-buried cylinder 2, a receiving ring 5 is slidably mounted in the vertical groove 22, the receiving ring 5 is double-layered, a tension spring is connected between the receiving ring 5 and the pre-buried cylinder 2, the receiving ring 5 is of a funnel-shaped structure, a receiving rod 51 is circumferentially arranged in the middle of the receiving ring 5, and the density of the receiving rod 51 in the upper receiving ring 5 is smaller than that of the receiving rod 51 in the lower receiving ring 5.
When the device works, rainwater or surface runoff flows to the position of the embedded cylinder 2, then the rainwater or the surface runoff is converged downwards through the upper end opening of the embedded cylinder 2 to permeate, at the moment, the converging ring 5 serves as a filtering function in the middle of the embedded cylinder 2, the funnel-shaped converging ring 5 can intercept and separate the dead weeds possibly existing in the surface runoff, the dead weeds are concentrated in the middle of the embedded cylinder 2 and are reserved in a layer-by-layer stacked mode, the ground vegetation change is conveniently judged and analyzed by workers when the workers perform sample extraction operation, the interception range and interception quantity of the dead weeds can be further improved through the double-layer design, and the runoff rainwater can directly penetrate downwards through the edge part of the converging ring 5.
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 4, fig. 9 and fig. 11, the lower part inlayer of pre-buried section of thick bamboo 2 has been seted up and has been penetrated groove 6, the sliding mounting has been embraced claw 61 in penetrating groove 6, the one end of embracing claw 61 is laminated with sample bottle 1 outer wall, the bottom fixed mounting of pre-buried section of thick bamboo 2 has motor 23, motor 23 output shaft fixed mounting has baffle 24, baffle 24 and the lower part inner wall rotation connection of pre-buried section of thick bamboo 2, the water-permeable groove 241 has all been seted up on the quotation of the bottom of pre-buried section of thick bamboo 2 and baffle 24, water-permeable groove 241 is located the below of sample bottle 1, the one end tip slip joint of embracing claw 61 is in the water-permeable groove 241 on baffle 24, and be connected with the extension spring between embracing claw 61 tip and the baffle 24, install sliding ring 27 in the lower part intermediate layer of pre-buried section of thick bamboo 2, the outer wall sliding abutment of sample bottle 1 is in the outer wall of sliding ring 27, pre-buried section of thick bamboo 2 is fixed mounting has sample section of thick bamboo 28, sample section of thick bamboo 28 is located sample bottle 1 top, 27 near the position of sample bottle 1 direction slope curved surface, movable mounting is provided with the sample bottle 28, the inboard movable mounting of sample rod 281 on sample section of thick bamboo 28, the inner side movable mounting of sample rod 281, the lower end 281 is located the sample bottle, sealing cover of sample bottle 281 is located at the upper end of sealing cover of sample bottle 282, and upper end of sealing cover is installed with the upper end of sample hook portion of sealing cover 282.
When the embedded cylinder 2 is assembled, the motor 23 is started to intermittently operate, the baffle 24 is driven to rotate by the motor 23, at the moment, the holding claw 61 intermittently rotates along the penetrating groove 6 under the clamping action of the water permeable groove 241, then the sampling bottle 1 is placed into the sampling cylinder 28, the sampling bottle 1 slides downwards to the bottom of the embedded cylinder 2 under the action of gravity, the sampling bottle 1 falls into the holding claw 61, then the motor 23 rotates again, the falling sampling bottle 1 synchronously rotates under the clamping action of the holding claw 61, the throwing operation of the sampling bottle 1 at the next station is performed until the sampling bottle 1 with a proper number is arranged at the bottom of the embedded cylinder 2, then the sampling rod 281 is placed into the sampling cylinder 28, at the moment, the holding claw at the lower part of the sampling rod 281 is not contacted with the sampling bottle 1, the sealing cover 282 is covered, in the subsequent sample collecting link, the sampling bottle 1 can collect rainwater or runoff permeated from the upper part, redundant rainwater can continuously permeate into soil outside the embedded cylinder 2 through the water permeation groove 241, the sampling bottle 1 can be switched through the regular rotation of the motor 23, so that long-term sample collection work can be carried out, the collected liquid samples are mutually independent, the analysis and judgment of the change of the sampling soil, water and soil environment by workers are facilitated, in the subsequent sample extraction link, the whole embedded cylinder 2 is not required to be taken out, the connecting structure between the middle part and the upper part of the embedded cylinder 2 is relieved, the upper part of the embedded cylinder 2 is in an open state, at the moment, the solid samples collected in the collecting ring 5 can be extracted, the sealing cover 282 is opened, the sampling rod 281 is pressed firstly, the hook claw at the lower part of the sampling rod 281 is clamped with the port at the upper end of the sampling bottle 1, then the sampling rod 281 is pulled up, the sampling bottle 1 below is hooked and pulled out by the sampling rod 281, the liquid sample is extracted, and after the extraction is completed, the unused sampling bottle 1 is replenished again, and the sample collection operation of the second period is performed.
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 5, fig. 6 and fig. 9, the middle part of the partition plate 24 is fixedly provided with a vertical rod 29, the vertical rod 29 penetrates through the collecting ring 5, the upper end part of the vertical rod 29 is fixedly provided with an anti-collision disc 291, the position of the anti-collision disc 291 is higher than that of the shutoff rod 4, the upper part of the pre-buried cylinder 2 is fixedly provided with a fastening plate 292 for centering the vertical rod 29, the shutoff rod 4 is arranged around the vertical rod 29 in a horizontal or inclined posture, the end part of the shutoff rod 4 placed in the horizontal posture extends to the inner side of the pre-buried cylinder 2, the upper end of the vertical rod 29 is fixedly provided with a clamping ring 293, the upper end surface of the clamping ring 293 is provided with a groove clamped with the end part of the bent part of the shutoff rod 4, the inner wall of the groove is uniformly provided with a plum blossom-shaped protrusion, the bent part of the shutoff rod 4 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the groove of the clamping ring 293, a group of the shutoff rod 20 positioned at the upper part of the pre-buried cylinder 2 is in the fastening plate 292, the end part of the shutoff rod 20 is rotatably provided with a bearing 202, the outer wall of the vertical rod 29 is obliquely arranged with a deflector rod 294, the deflector rod 294 abuts against the bearing 202, the middle part of the deflector rod 20, the middle part is horizontally arranged, the middle part of the deflector rod 203 abuts against the bearing 203, the lower end 203 abuts against the elastic ring 203, and the upper end of the collecting ring is slidably arranged on the lower end of the elastic ring 203.
When the embedded cylinder 2 is in operation, after the embedded cylinder 2 is embedded, a certain number of intercepting rods 4 are rotated by a worker, the intercepting rods 4 facing the upper part of the gentle slope are placed in a conical surrounding mode, the bending part of the intercepting rods 4 in the state is positioned below the anti-collision disc 291, then the height position of the clamping ring 293 is adjusted upwards, the end parts of the intercepting rods 4 enter the grooves of the clamping ring 293, at the moment, under the clamping action of the grooves, the inclined posture of the intercepting rods 4 is relatively fixed, then the intercepting rods 4 facing the lower part of the gentle slope are placed in a horizontal posture, in the subsequent operation process, the intercepting rods 4 which are placed in a conical surrounding mode can separate large-volume cumulated weeds from the upper part of the gentle slope, and the cumulated weeds staying in the front can be guided to two sides in a shunting way through conical radians, the cut-off rod 4 arranged at the rear of the pre-buried cylinder 2 and in a horizontal posture can intercept part of the dead-branch weeds flowing through the cut-off rod through the bending part of the cut-off rod, so that the collection operation of a large volume of dead-branch weed samples is completed, meanwhile, in the process of switching the sampling position of the sampling bottle 1, the partition plate 24 drives the vertical rod 29 to synchronously rotate, the vertical rod 29 drives the clamping ring 293 to synchronously rotate, in the process, the plum blossom-shaped protrusions in the grooves intermittently slide and contact with the cut-off rod 4, under the torsion action of the torsion spring, the cut-off rods 4 which are arranged in a conical shape in a surrounding manner generate intermittent contraction and expansion movement, further push and pull the dead-branch weeds piled or stopped at the front of the pre-buried cylinder 2, loose and slide to two sides, the penetration quantity of the runoff flowing into the pre-buried cylinder 2 is improved, and the anti-collision disc 291 can prevent dead wood or broken stone from rolling from above, the impact on the embedded cylinder 2 and the shutoff rod 4 is reduced.
Meanwhile, in the process of rotating the vertical rod 29, the deflector rod 294 can be driven to rotate, the deflector rod 294 can form short-term contact with the bearing 202 during rotation, the insert rod 20 can further stretch and retract, the beam-converging ring 5 can be pushed to move downwards for short time through deformation of the elastic rod 203, after the deflector rod 294 is separated from contact with the bearing 202, the insert rod 20 and the beam-converging ring 5 are reset to operate, at the moment, the beam-converging ring 5 completes complete up-down vibration, and small-volume dry-branch weeds accumulated on the receiving rod 51 can be vibrated to be realized through the vibration, so that the space utilization rate is improved, and the level clarity of the dry-branch weeds is also improved.
As shown in fig. 8 to 10, the inner side of the pre-buried cylinder 2 is movably provided with a converging disc 25, the converging disc 25 is located below the converging ring 5, a group of inserting rods 20 located at the lower part of the pre-buried cylinder 2 are slidably clamped in the converging disc 25, the thickness of the upper top surface of the converging disc 25 is gradually reduced from one side to the other side, the inner wall of the pre-buried cylinder 2 is fixedly provided with a diversion bin 26, the diversion bin 26 is located at the lowest thickness of the converging disc 25, the diversion bin 26 is located above the sampling bottle 1, the side wall of the diversion bin 26 is provided with a diversion trench 261 communicated with the upper end surface of the converging disc 25, the inclined upper end surface of the converging disc 25 is uniformly provided with a converging trench 251, and the notch of the converging trench 251 is pointed to the diversion trench 261.
During operation, after the rainwater or runoff permeates downwards from the position of the converging ring 5 in the process of sampling water and soil, the rainwater or runoff drops onto the upper end face of the converging disc 25, then, under the combined guiding action of the inclined face at the upper end of the converging disc 25 and the converging groove 251, the rainwater flows towards the position of the flow guiding groove 261 and falls into the sampling bottle 1 below through the flow guiding bin 26, under the supporting action of the sliding ring 27, the upper end port of the sampling bottle 1 below the flow guiding bin 26 is in a communicating state with the lower part of the flow guiding bin 26, after the sampling bottle 1 rotates circumferentially and moves out of the position below the flow guiding bin 26, the sampling bottle 1 is separated from contact with the bending face of the sliding ring 27, the sampling bottle 1 enters into the edge part of the embedded cylinder 2, namely, the upper part of the sampling bottle 1 is in a closed shielding state, at the moment, the rainwater which permeates subsequently cannot enter into the sampling bottle 1 in the state of the position, and the water and soil samples collected in different periods can be mutually independent through the dislocation rotation of the sampling bottle 1, so that the water and soil quality change conditions can be more favorably judged.
The specific working procedure is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of determining a sampling site through a worker at a hillside or groove position with a certain gradient, excavating a counter bore 01 with a certain depth, then placing an embedded cylinder 2 into the excavated counter bore 01, enabling the upper end of the embedded cylinder 2 to be equal to the ground surface 00 at the position of the counter bore 01, locking the embedded height and position of the embedded cylinder 2 through a base 30 and a ground inserting rod 301, and then putting a proper number of sampling bottles 1 into the embedded cylinder 2.
After rainwater or surface runoff flows to the position of the embedded cylinder 2, the cut-off rod 4 which is arranged in a conical surrounding manner can separate and block large-volume withered weeds from the upper part of a gentle slope, the large-volume withered weeds which are stopped in front are guided to two sides in a shunting manner through a conical radian, the cut-off rod 4 which is arranged behind the embedded cylinder 2 and is in a horizontal posture can intercept part of withered weeds flowing through the cut-off rod through the bending part of the cut-off rod, so that the collection operation of large-volume withered weeds is completed, runoff rainwater is converged and permeated downwards through the upper end opening of the embedded cylinder 2, at the moment, the collecting ring 5 acts as a secondary filtering effect in the middle part of the embedded cylinder 2, and the funnel-shaped collecting ring 5 can intercept and block small-volume withered weeds possibly existing in the surface runoff, concentrate the middle part of the embedded cylinder 2 and keep the small-volume withered weeds in a layer-by-layer stacked mode, and the runoff rainwater can directly permeate downwards through the edge part of the collecting ring 5.
The motor 23 is started to perform fixed-period operation, and the sampling bottle 1 is driven to switch by the motor 23, so that long-term sample collection work is performed.
In the subsequent sample extraction link, the whole embedded cylinder 2 is not required to be taken out, the connection structure between the middle part and the upper part of the embedded cylinder 2 is relieved, the upper part of the embedded cylinder 2 is in an open state, at the moment, solid samples collected in the collecting ring 5 can be extracted, the sealing cover 282 is opened, the sampling rod 281 is pressed first, the hook claw at the lower part of the sampling rod 281 is clamped with the upper end port of the sampling bottle 1, then the sampling rod 281 is pulled up, the sampling bottle 1 below is hooked and pulled out through the sampling rod 281, the extraction of liquid samples is completed, the unused sampling bottle 1 is replenished again after the extraction is completed, and the sample collection operation of the second period is performed.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing examples, and that the foregoing description and description are merely illustrative of the principles of this invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The continuous sampling device for water and soil conservation comprises a sampling bottle (1), and is characterized by further comprising an embedded cylinder (2), wherein the outer contour of the embedded cylinder (2) is of a convex structure, the inner side of the lower part of the embedded cylinder (2) is provided with a concentric double-layer inner wall, the sampling bottle (1) is circumferentially placed in an interlayer between the double-layer inner walls of the lower part of the embedded cylinder (2), and the middle part and the upper part of the convex structure of the embedded cylinder (2) are of a detachable structure;
a slip ring (27) is arranged in the interlayer at the lower part of the embedded cylinder (2), the outer wall of the sampling bottle (1) is in sliding abutment with the outer wall of the slip ring (27), a sampling cylinder (28) is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the embedded cylinder (2), the sampling cylinder (28) is positioned above the sampling bottle (1), and a bending surface inclined towards the direction of the sampling bottle (1) is arranged on the slip ring (27) close to the position of the sampling cylinder (28);
the embedded type ground inserting rod comprises a sleeve ring (3), wherein a distance adjusting groove (21) is formed in the side wall of an embedded cylinder (2), the sleeve ring (3) is movably installed in the middle of the embedded cylinder (2), the sleeve ring (3) is clamped with the distance adjusting groove (21), a counter pulling plate (31) is installed on the outer wall of the sleeve ring (3), two ends of the counter pulling plate (31) are fixedly connected with the upper portion and the lower portion of the embedded cylinder (2) respectively, a base (30) is installed on the outer wall of the sleeve ring (3) in a rotating mode, and a plurality of ground inserting rods (301) are circumferentially installed on the base (30);
the intercepting rod (4) is circumferentially arranged at the upper part of the embedded cylinder (2), and the end parts of the intercepting rod (4) are respectively provided with a bending part with an acute angle;
the beam-converging ring (5), a vertical groove (22) is formed in the middle of the inner side of the embedded cylinder (2) in the circumferential direction, the vertical groove (22) is parallel to the central axis of the embedded cylinder (2), the beam-converging ring (5) is slidably mounted in the vertical groove (22), the beam-converging ring (5) is of a funnel-shaped structure with a downward tip end, the outer contour of the funnel-shaped upper part of the beam-converging ring (5) is in sliding fit with the inner wall, a through notch is formed in the funnel-shaped lower part of the beam-converging ring (5), two beam-converging rings (5) are symmetrically arranged up and down along the central axis direction of the embedded cylinder (2), and tension springs are connected between the two beam-converging rings (5) and the embedded cylinder (2);
the device comprises a penetrating groove (6), a penetrating groove (6) is formed in the inner layer of the lower part of the embedded cylinder (2), a holding claw (61) is slidably arranged in the penetrating groove (6), one end of the holding claw (61) is attached to the outer wall of the sampling bottle (1), a motor (23) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the embedded cylinder (2), a baffle plate (24) is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the motor (23), the baffle plate (24) is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the lower part of the embedded cylinder (2), and the baffle plate (24) is movably connected with the other end of the holding claw (61);
the collecting disc (25), the inboard movable mounting of pre-buried section of thick bamboo (2) has collecting disc (25), and the fixed water conservancy diversion storehouse (26) that are linked together with sample bottle (1) that are provided with of inner wall of pre-buried section of thick bamboo (2), and water conservancy diversion storehouse (26) lateral wall is offered and is converged guiding gutter (261) of disc (25) up end intercommunication;
a sampling rod (281) is movably arranged on the inner side of the sampling tube (28), the lower part of the sampling rod (281) is in sliding clamping connection with the upper end of the sampling bottle (1), and a sealing cover (282) which is in sealing fit with the upper part of the sampling tube (28) is arranged on the upper part of the sampling rod (281);
the converging disc (25) is located below the converging ring (5), the thickness of the upper end face of the converging disc (25) gradually decreases from one side to the other side along a diameter direction of the converging disc, the whole upper end face of the converging disc is inclined, the flow guide bin (26) is located at the lowest thickness of the converging disc (25), converging grooves (251) are uniformly formed in the inclined upper end face of the converging disc (25), and the notch of each converging groove (251) points to the corresponding flow guide groove (261).
2. A soil and water conservation continuous sampling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water permeable grooves (241) are formed in the bottoms of the embedded cylinders (2) and the disc surfaces of the partition plates (24), the water permeable grooves (241) are located below the sampling bottle (1), one end of the holding claw (61) is slidably clamped in the water permeable grooves (241) on the partition plates (24), and a tension spring is connected between the end of the holding claw (61) and the partition plates (24).
3. A soil and water conservation continuous sampling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the middle part circumference of the beam-gathering ring (5) is provided with a receiving rod (51), and the density of the receiving rod (51) positioned in the beam-gathering ring (5) at the upper layer is less than that of the receiving rod (51) positioned in the beam-gathering ring (5) at the lower layer.
4. A soil and water conservation continuous sampling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the middle part fixed mounting of baffle (24) has montant (29), and the upper end tip fixed mounting of montant (29) has crashproof dish (291), and crashproof dish (291) position height is higher than shutoff pole (4), and the upper portion fixed mounting of pre-buried section of thick bamboo (2) has fastening plate (292) that are used for montant (29) to fix a position in the middle.
5. A soil and water conservation continuous sampling device as claimed in claim 4 wherein: the intercepting rods (4) are arranged around the vertical rods (29) in a horizontal or inclined posture, and the end parts of the intercepting rods (4) placed in the horizontal posture extend to the inner side of the embedded cylinder (2).
6. A soil and water conservation continuous sampling device as claimed in claim 5 wherein: the upper end of the vertical rod (29) is fixedly provided with a clamping ring (293), and the upper end surface of the clamping ring (293) is in sliding clamping with the end part of the bending part of the intercepting rod (4).
7. A soil and water conservation continuous sampling device as claimed in claim 5 wherein: two sets of inserted bars (20) are installed to the lateral wall of pre-buried section of thick bamboo (2) upper and lower symmetry sliding, all be connected with extension spring (201) between inserted bar (20) and pre-buried section of thick bamboo (2), a set of inserted bar (20) slip joint in fastening plate (292) on pre-buried section of thick bamboo (2) upper portion, bearing (202) are installed in the tip rotation of inserted bar (20), driving lever (294) are installed in the outer wall slope of montant (29), and driving lever (294) roll with bearing (202) and lean on, elastic rod (203) are installed to the middle part slope of inserted bar (20), and the lower extreme slip of elastic rod (203) is leaned on the up end of receiving beam ring (5), a set of inserted bar (20) slip joint in pre-buried section of thick bamboo (2) lower part is in confluence disc (25).
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| CN117516993B (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-03-22 | 河北省地质环境监测院 | Monitoring device and monitoring method for mine geological environment |
| CN117538095B (en) * | 2024-01-09 | 2024-04-09 | 广东德力环境科技有限公司 | Sampler for water and soil conservation monitoring |
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