CN117146666A - Ultra-wideband message-guiding distance detection method and device - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband message-guiding distance detection method and device Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C21/00—Checking fuzes; Testing fuzes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/10—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention provides an ultra-wideband message-guiding distance detection method and device, and belongs to the technical field of radio fuzes. The method comprises the steps of scanning a delay value of a programmable delay circuit back and forth between the minimum value and the maximum value of a delay scanning range based on the minimum step and the delay adjustment time interval of the delay of the programmable delay circuit; the electromagnetic wave signal sent by the ultra-wideband antenna is scattered by a target and then received by the ultra-wideband antenna again to obtain a detection signal; the detection distance is calculated when the detection signal accords with the echo characteristics of the target; and finally, determining a fuse initiation time point according to the fuse application scene. The device comprises an FPGA circuit and an ultra-wideband antenna electrically connected with the FPGA circuit. The invention solves the problem that the conventional ultra-wideband fuze distance detection method has the possibility of near-frying failure of the ultra-wideband fuze, and improves the survivability of the fuze under the condition of pressing interference and the effective detonation of the fuze and other fuze matched requirement scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radio fuses, in particular to an ultra-wideband fuse distance detection method and device.
Background
The ultra-wideband fuze has the characteristics of high distance precision, strong anti-interference capability and low power consumption, and has become a mainstream technical system in the radio fuze. Under the use scene of the empty fuze, the fuze is required to output the detection distance in real time, and the missile-borne control unit autonomously determines the detonation time according to the characteristics of the warhead so as to improve the damage efficiency of ammunition.
The delay time of the conventional ultra-wideband pilot sampling pulse relative to the transmitted signal is set according to a fixed-distance height, and once the fixed-distance height is determined, the delay time relative to the transmitted signal is kept unchanged, so that the conventional ultra-wideband pilot is the fixed-distance pilot. On the basis of a conventional ultra-wideband fuze, the delay time of the sampling pulse relative to the transmitted signal is adjusted in real time so as to realize the distance dynamic detection function.
On the basis, the transmitted pulse signal is delayed by the programmable delay circuit to generate sampling pulse, and the distance detection is realized by dynamically adjusting the delay value of the programmable delay circuit.
The ultra-wideband fuze adopts a random pulse position modulation technology, the power spectrum density is very low, the transmitting signal is submerged in white noise, and the ultra-wideband fuze has very strong anti-interception characteristic, so that the fourth generation jammer featuring signal storage and processing and forwarding is disabled. However, if the adversary acquires sensitive information such as the working frequency band of the ultra-wideband fuse in advance and adopts a suppression type interference mode at the cost of increasing the cost, the near-frying failure of the ultra-wideband fuse can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: the conventional ultra-wideband fuze distance detection method has the possibility of near-frying failure of the ultra-wideband fuze.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an ultra-wideband communication distance detection method comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a detection distance scanning range;
s2, calculating a delay scanning range of the programmable delay circuit based on the detection distance scanning range;
s3, configuring a delay circuit according to the minimum delay step and the delay adjustment time interval of the programmable delay circuit;
s4, based on the minimum delay step and the delay adjustment time interval of the programmable delay circuit, scanning the delay value of the programmable delay circuit back and forth between the minimum value and the maximum value of the delay scanning range;
s5, the electromagnetic wave signal sent by the ultra-wideband antenna is scattered by the target and then received by the ultra-wideband antenna again, and the received signal and the sampling pulse signal are equivalently sampled to obtain a detection signal;
s6, amplifying and filtering the detection signal and judging the signal, and calculating to obtain a detection distance according with the characteristics of the target echo;
and S7, determining a fuse initiation time point according to the fuse application scene.
Further, the calculation formula of the delay scanning range of the programmable delay circuit is as follows:
，
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for a delay scan range of a programmable delay circuit,Rin order to detect the range of the distance scan,cfor the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in air, +.>Is the time difference between the delay of the transmitting link and the delay of the receiving link.
Further, the method for scanning back and forth comprises the following steps: the delay value of the programmable delay circuit is adjusted every delay from the minimum value of the delay scanning rangeAccording to the minimum step of delay>Increasing progressively until reaching the maximum value of the delay scanning range; reach the time-delay scanning rangeAfter the maximum value of (a), the delay value of the programmable delay circuit is adjusted by a time interval per delay>According to the minimum step of delay>Decreasing until reaching the minimum value of the delay scanning range; the above process is continuously repeated.
Further, the calculation formula of the detection distance is as follows:
，
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for detecting distance->For detecting the target echo the delay sweep instantaneous value of the programmable delay circuit is +.>For the transmit chain delay to be time-delayed from the receive chain delay,cis the propagation velocity of electromagnetic waves in air.
Still further, step S7 includes the following:
if the fuze is applied to the scene of the match requirement of the primer, directly outputting the detection distance;
if the fuze is applied to the distance fuze anti-interference requirement scene, repeating the steps S1 to S6 for a plurality of times after the detection distance is acquired, obtaining a plurality of detection distances, and outputting a near-frying start signal when the difference between every two detection distances is within 20% of the average detection distance in the plurality of detection distances.
The invention also provides an ultra-wideband communication distance detection device, which is used for realizing the ultra-wideband communication distance detection method, and comprises the following steps: the FPGA circuit and the ultra-wideband antenna are electrically connected with the FPGA circuit,
the FPGA circuit comprises an oscillation clock generation unit and is electrically connected with the oscillation clock generation unit in sequence: the device comprises a random number generation unit, a first programmable delay unit and a first narrow pulse generation unit;
the oscillation clock generating unit is also electrically connected with a delay range control unit, and the delay range control unit is sequentially electrically connected with: the device comprises a second programmable delay unit, a second narrow pulse generation unit, an equivalent sampling unit, an amplifying and filtering unit, a signal identification unit and a near-frying judgment unit;
the first narrow pulse generating unit and the equivalent sampling unit are electrically connected with the ultra-wideband antenna; the first programmable delay unit and the second programmable delay unit are both positioned in the FPGA chip.
Preferably, the oscillation clock generating unit is composed of a crystal oscillator, a global clock network and a phase-locked loop which are electrically connected in sequence.
Preferably, the first narrow pulse generating unit and the second narrow pulse generating unit are each composed of a step recovery diode, and a peripheral inductor and a capacitor electrically connected with the step recovery diode.
Preferably, the equivalent sampling unit is composed of a mixing diode and a peripheral integral differential resistance-capacitance circuit electrically connected with the mixing diode.
Further preferably, the hardware part of the signal recognition unit comprises an analog-to-digital converter and a digital band-pass filtering unit which are electrically connected in sequence, and the software part comprises a template matching algorithm; the digital band-pass filtering unit and the template matching algorithm are both carried in the FPGA chip.
Description: the calculation logic of the template matching algorithm is as follows: performing correlation operation on the digital filtered signal and a template matching signal stored in the FPGA chip to obtain a correlation coefficientCorrelation coefficient->The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
，
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for the correlation coefficient +.>Digital filtered signal, < >>Is a template signal.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The invention expands on the basis of the ultra-wideband pilot distance function, realizes the ultra-wideband pilot real-time distance measurement function, and makes multiple decisions at a plurality of distance positions so as to improve the survivability of the pilot under the condition of pressing interference;
(2) According to the invention, under the condition of matching the requirement of the air fuze and other warfare, the ultra-wideband fuze outputs the detection distance in real time, and the missile-borne control unit selects the detonation time by combining the information of the real-time missile-borne distance, the missile-borne speed, the warhead fragment flying angle and the like, so that the damage efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an ultra wideband pilot distance detection method according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the time delay scanning range in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a device connection relation diagram of an oscillation clock generation unit in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the devices of the equivalent sampling unit in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a device connection relation diagram of an amplification filter unit in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a logic circuit for random number generation in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the "plurality" generally includes at least two.
It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used to describe … … in embodiments of the present invention, these … … should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish … …. For example, the first … … may also be referred to as the second … …, and similarly the second … … may also be referred to as the first … …, without departing from the scope of embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1: the embodiment describes an ultra-wideband communication distance detection method, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
s1, determining a detection distance scanning range;
it can be understood that in this embodiment, the detection distance scanning range is determined according to the technical index requirement of the radio fuse, and the detection distance scanning range covers the index requirement and maintains a certain margin, generally not less than 20%; for example, a certain fuze requires a distance height of 5 meters + -1 meter, and the detection distance scanning range can be set to be 2.8 meters-7.2 meters; the detection distance range required by a certain fuze is 5-10 meters, and the detection distance scanning range can be set to be 3.0-12.0 meters;
s2, calculating a delay scanning range of the programmable delay circuit based on the detection distance scanning range;
it will be appreciated that in this embodiment, the minimum step is delayed according to the programmable delay circuitDelay time adjustment time interval->Configuring a delay circuit; wherein->Is determined by the device itself, +.>Taking the minimum value of the delay adjustment time interval of the device; therefore, the calculation formula of the delay scanning range of the programmable delay circuit is as follows:
，
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for a delay scan range of a programmable delay circuit,Rin order to detect the range of the distance scan,cfor the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in air, +.>Delay time difference between a transmitting link delay and a receiving link delay;
s3, configuring a delay circuit according to the minimum delay step and the delay adjustment time interval of the programmable delay circuit;
it will be appreciated that the configuration of the delay circuit depends on the characteristics of the delay circuit, for example if the delay circuit is an SPI interface, the processor may configure it according to the SPI interface timing; if the analog quantity is the analog quantity, the digital quantity can be converted into the corresponding analog quantity through a DAC, an analog filter and an operational amplifier; the configuration content of the delay circuit is the delay value of the delay circuit;
s4, based on the minimum delay step and the delay adjustment time interval of the programmable delay circuit, scanning the delay value of the programmable delay circuit back and forth between the minimum value and the maximum value of the delay scanning range;
it will be appreciated that the purpose of step S4 is to avoid the influence of abrupt delay value changes on the detected signal;
it will be appreciated that the sweeping back and forthThe method comprises the following steps: the delay value of the programmable delay circuit is adjusted every delay from the minimum value of the delay scanning rangeAccording to the minimum step of delay>Increasing progressively until reaching the maximum value of the delay scanning range; after reaching the maximum value of the delay scanning range, the delay value of the programmable delay circuit adjusts the time interval every delayAccording to the minimum step of delay>Decreasing until reaching the minimum value of the delay scanning range; continuously repeating the above process; for example, the detection distance scanning range is 3.0 meters to 12.0 meters, the delay of the transmitting link and the delay of the receiving link are different by 1.2ns, and the delay scanning range of the programmable delay circuit is 21.2ns to 81.2ns;
specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the programmable delay circuit delaysMinimum and maximum are +.>And->Delay minimum step +.>Delay adjustment time interval->The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For example, the delay value at time T0 is +.>At this time, the delay value is in the increasing stage, T0+.>The time delay value corresponding to the moment is +.>+/>，T0+2*/>The time delay value corresponding to the moment is +.>+/>，T0+3*The time delay value corresponding to the moment is +.>+/>……
Let t0+nThe time delay value corresponding to the moment takes the maximum time delay value, namely +.>+/>=/>T0+ (n+1) xThe time delay value corresponding to the moment is in the decreasing stage and is +.>，T0+（n+2）*/>The time delay value corresponding to the moment is +.>-/>……
Let t0+mThe delay value corresponding to the moment takes the delay minimum value +.>T0+ (m+1) × and>the delay value corresponding to the moment is in the increasing stage, which is +.>+/>，T0+（m+2）*/>The time delay value corresponding to the moment is +.>+/>；
S5, the electromagnetic wave signal sent by the ultra-wideband antenna is scattered by the target and then received by the ultra-wideband antenna again, and the received signal and the sampling pulse signal are equivalently sampled to obtain a detection signal;
it can be appreciated that in this embodiment, the sampling pulse is obtained after the delay of the transmission signal, and the time of the delay corresponds to the detection distance; the signal processing precision of equivalent sampling is high and the original signal can be restored;
s6, amplifying and filtering the detection signal and judging the signal, and calculating to obtain a detection distance according with the characteristics of the target echo;
the amplifying and filtering means a filtering and amplifying unit consisting of an operational amplifier and peripheral resistance-capacitance; the signal judgment is obtained by digital band-pass filtering and template matching;
the signal judgment is to carry out digital band-pass filtering on the signals after analog-digital conversion, then carry out template matching, namely, carrying out correlation coefficient calculation on the signals after digital filtering and locally stored template signals, and considering that a target echo is detected when the correlation coefficient is more than 0.8;
the correlation coefficient is obtained based on a template matching algorithm; the calculation logic of the template matching algorithm is as follows: performing correlation operation on the digital filtered signal and a template matching signal stored in the FPGA chip to obtain a correlation coefficientCorrelation coefficient->The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
，
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for the correlation coefficient +.>Digital filtered signal, < >>Is a template signal;
it can be understood that the calculation formula of the detection distance is:
，
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for detecting distance->For detecting the target echo the delay sweep instantaneous value of the programmable delay circuit is +.>C is the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the air for the delay difference between the transmitting link delay and the receiving link delay;
s7, determining a fuse detonation time point according to the fuse application scene;
it will be appreciated that step S7 includes the following:
if the fuze is applied to the scene of the match requirement of the primer, directly outputting the detection distance;
if the fuze is applied to a distance fuze anti-interference requirement scene, repeating the steps S1 to S6 for a plurality of times after obtaining the detection distances, and outputting a near-frying start signal when the difference between every two front and rear detection distances is within 20% of the average detection distance in the plurality of detection distances; for example, the plurality of detection distances satisfy: rt1> Rt2> Rt3 and Rt1-Rt2≡Rt2-Rt3, the near-frying start signal is outputted.
Optionally, in practical application, if the fuze is applied to the scene of the match requirement of the primer, the detection distance is given to the missile-borne control unit, and the missile-borne control unit outputs the primer initiation time point.
It can be appreciated that the missile-borne control unit is carried on other subsystems of the projectile; the missile-borne control unit mainly comprises an on-missile processor and peripheral circuits thereof, wherein the on-missile processor is usually a Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The missile-borne control unit mainly completes the work of full missile time sequence control, flight control data processing, projectile attitude control and the like, and after the fuze outputs the real-time detection distance to the missile-borne control unit, the missile-borne control unit outputs a final detonating instruction when judging that the detection target is in the attack range.
Example 2: the embodiment describes an ultra-wideband communication distance detection device, which is configured to implement an ultra-wideband communication distance detection method of embodiment 1, and includes: the FPGA circuit and the ultra-wideband antenna are electrically connected with the FPGA circuit,
the FPGA circuit comprises an oscillation clock generation unit and is electrically connected with the oscillation clock generation unit in sequence: the device comprises a random number generation unit, a first programmable delay unit and a first narrow pulse generation unit;
the oscillation clock generating unit is also electrically connected with a delay range control unit, and the delay range control unit is sequentially electrically connected with: the device comprises a second programmable delay unit, a second narrow pulse generation unit, an equivalent sampling unit, an amplifying and filtering unit, a signal identification unit and a near-frying judgment unit;
the first narrow pulse generating unit and the equivalent sampling unit are electrically connected with the ultra-wideband antenna; the first programmable delay unit and the second programmable delay unit are both positioned in the FPGA chip.
Wherein: as shown in fig. 3, the oscillation clock generating unit is composed of a crystal oscillator, a global clock network and a phase-locked loop which are electrically connected in sequence; the first narrow pulse generating unit and the second narrow pulse generating unit are composed of a step recovery diode, and a peripheral inductor and a capacitor which are electrically connected with the step recovery diode; as shown in fig. 4, the equivalent sampling unit is composed of a mixing diode and a peripheral integral differential resistance-capacitance circuit electrically connected with the mixing diode; the hardware part of the signal identification unit comprises an analog-digital converter and a digital band-pass filtering unit which are electrically connected in sequence, and the software part comprises a template matching algorithm; the digital band-pass filtering unit and the template matching algorithm are both carried in the FPGA chip; as shown in fig. 5, the amplifying and filtering unit is an active low-pass filtering and amplifying circuit composed of two stages of operational amplifiers.
It can be understood that in this embodiment, the first programmable delay unit is used to convert the periodic pulse signal into a pulse signal with a periodic variation, so as to implement pulse position modulation, so that the power spectrum of the transmitted signal is no longer discrete, and the anti-interception characteristic of the ultra-wideband signal is improved.
It can be appreciated that in this embodiment, the second programmable delay unit delays the transmission signal by a period of time as the sampling pulse of the equivalent sampling unit, where the delay time corresponds to the detection distance, and there is:。
it can be appreciated that in this embodiment, the first programmable delay unit and the second programmable delay unit are implemented by FPGA circuits; the first programmable delay unit and the second programmable delay unit share one FPGA chip, and the first programmable delay unit and the second programmable delay unit are responsible for respective delay.
As can be appreciated, the computational logic of the template matching algorithm is: performing correlation operation on the digital filtered signal and a template matching signal stored in the FPGA chip to obtain a correlation coefficientCorrelation coefficient->The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
，
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for the correlation coefficient +.>Digital filtered signal, < >>Is a template signal.
It can be appreciated that in the process of applying the embodiment to the ultra wideband fuze distance detection device, after determining the detection distance scanning range in step S1, the generation of the system clock and the random number is required.
Wherein the oscillation clock generation is realized by an FPGA internal phase-locked loop (PLL). A crystal oscillator on the circuit generates a high-stability clock source, and the clock enters the FPGA and then enters the PLL through a clock special network to carry out frequency multiplication to obtain a system clock. The system clock drives logic circuitry within the FPGA. Random number generation is implemented by the FPGA internal logic. The random numbers may be based on a linear feedback shift register to generate an M-sequence, which is a uniform random number. The schematic diagram is shown in fig. 6.
In fig. 6, M (x) is an initial sequence, gi is a feedback coefficient, and n is the number of stages of the linear feedback shift register. gi can only take on a value of 0 or 1, taking 0 to indicate that the feedback is absent and taking 1 to indicate that the feedback is present. The larger the number of steps n, the longer the period of the random number, generally n is greater than 10.
In addition, the random number can also be obtained by amplifying circuit noise and then sampling the circuit noise and the ADC sampling noise through the ADC, the circuit noise and the ADC sampling noise have strong randomness, and the obtained random number has the characteristics of unpredictable and unrepeatable.
After the generation of the system clock and the random number is realized, pulse position modulation is realized by controlling the first programmable delay unit by the FPGA. After the FPGA generates random numbers, the random numbers are written into a register in the first programmable delay unit to obtain random delay values, and random pulse position modulation is realized.
The impulse signal can be obtained by the first narrow pulse generating unit of the pulse signal with position modulation, and is amplified by the amplifying and filtering unit and then radiated outwards by the ultra-wideband antenna or radiated outwards directly by the ultra-wideband antenna.
The other path of pulse signal with position modulation is delayed by a delay circuit, and the delay value configures a second programmable delay unit through an FPGA (field programmable gate array) every other pathUpdating one time delay value, delay step->Wherein the delay value is within the scanning range +.>And (5) internally and circularly scanning.
The signal delayed by the second programmable delay unit is then passed through the second narrow pulse generating unit to obtain sampling pulse.
Electromagnetic wave signals sent by the fuze through the ultra-wideband antenna are scattered by a target and then received by the ultra-wideband antenna again, and the signals and sampling pulse signals are received through equivalent sampling single-channel correlation to obtain detection signals;
the detection signal is identified by the amplifying and filtering unit and the signal identifying unit, and the detection distance is obtained after the detection signal accords with the target echo characteristicsR t ：Wherein: c represents the propagation velocity of electromagnetic waves in air, and is generally taken as (3 e 8 ）m/s；Representing the delay difference between the transmitting link delay and the receiving link delay; />Indicating that the programmable delay circuit delays the scan transient when the target echo is detected.
The near-frying judgment unit judges, and outputs a detection distance Rt to the missile-borne control unit for the scene of the match requirement of the primer, and the missile-borne control unit determines the detonation time; for the anti-interference requirement scene of the distance fuze, the detection distance Rt is stored in a memory, a plurality of detection distances Rt1, rt2 and Rt3 … … are obtained after multiple times of judgment, and a near-frying starting signal is output only when the detection distances meet certain conditions; for example, the plurality of detection distances satisfy: rt1> Rt2> Rt3 and Rt1-Rt2≡Rt2-Rt3, the near-frying start signal is outputted.
Thus, the ultra-wideband communication distance dynamic detection is completed.
Claims (10)
1. The ultra-wideband communication distance detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, determining a detection distance scanning range;
s2, calculating a delay scanning range of the programmable delay circuit based on the detection distance scanning range;
s3, configuring a delay circuit according to the minimum delay step and the delay adjustment time interval of the programmable delay circuit;
s4, based on the minimum delay step and the delay adjustment time interval of the programmable delay circuit, scanning the delay value of the programmable delay circuit back and forth between the minimum value and the maximum value of the delay scanning range;
s5, the electromagnetic wave signal sent by the ultra-wideband antenna is scattered by the target and then received by the ultra-wideband antenna again, and the received signal and the sampling pulse signal are equivalently sampled to obtain a detection signal;
s6, amplifying and filtering the detection signal and judging the signal, and calculating to obtain a detection distance according with the characteristics of the target echo;
and S7, determining a fuse initiation time point according to the fuse application scene.
2. The ultra-wideband pilot distance detection method of claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the delay scanning range of the programmable delay circuit is as follows:
，
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for a delay scan range of a programmable delay circuit,Rin order to detect the range of the distance scan,cfor the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in air, +.>Is the time difference between the delay of the transmitting link and the delay of the receiving link.
3. The ultra-wideband transmission distance detection method of claim 1, wherein the back-and-forth scanning method comprises: the delay value of the programmable delay circuit is adjusted every delay from the minimum value of the delay scanning rangeAccording to the minimum step of delay>Increasing progressively until reaching the maximum value of the delay scanning range; after reaching the maximum value of the delay scanning range, the delay value of the programmable delay circuit adjusts the time interval per delay>According to the minimum step of delay>Decreasing until reaching the minimum value of the delay scanning range; the above process is continuously repeated.
4. The ultra-wideband communication distance detection method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the detection distance is:
，
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for detecting distance->To detect the target echo the delay sweep instantaneous value of the programmable delay circuit,for the transmit chain delay to be time-delayed from the receive chain delay,cis the propagation velocity of electromagnetic waves in air.
5. The ultra-wideband transmission distance detection method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step S7 includes the following steps:
if the fuze is applied to the scene of the match requirement of the primer, directly outputting the detection distance;
if the fuze is applied to the distance fuze anti-interference requirement scene, repeating the steps S1 to S6 for a plurality of times after the detection distance is acquired, obtaining a plurality of detection distances, and outputting a near-frying start signal when the difference between every two detection distances is within 20% of the average detection distance in the plurality of detection distances.
6. An ultra-wideband communication distance detection device for implementing the ultra-wideband communication distance detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: the FPGA circuit and the ultra-wideband antenna are electrically connected with the FPGA circuit,
the FPGA circuit comprises an oscillation clock generation unit and is electrically connected with the oscillation clock generation unit in sequence: the device comprises a random number generation unit, a first programmable delay unit and a first narrow pulse generation unit;
the oscillation clock generating unit is also electrically connected with a delay range control unit, and the delay range control unit is electrically connected with: the device comprises a second programmable delay unit, a second narrow pulse generation unit, an equivalent sampling unit, an amplifying and filtering unit, a signal identification unit and a near-frying judgment unit;
the first programmable delay unit is electrically connected with the second programmable delay unit, and the first narrow pulse generating unit and the equivalent sampling unit are electrically connected with the ultra-wideband antenna; the first programmable delay unit and the second programmable delay unit are both positioned in the FPGA chip.
7. The ultra-wideband transmission distance detection apparatus of claim 6, wherein said oscillation clock generating unit comprises a crystal oscillator, a global clock network and a phase-locked loop electrically connected in sequence.
8. The ultra-wideband signaling distance detection apparatus of claim 6, wherein said first narrow pulse generating unit and said second narrow pulse generating unit are each comprised of a step recovery diode, a peripheral inductor and a capacitor electrically connected to said step recovery diode.
9. The ultra-wideband communication distance detecting apparatus as recited in claim 6, wherein said equivalent sampling unit is comprised of a mixer diode and a peripheral integral differential resistance-capacitance circuit electrically connected thereto.
10. The ultra-wideband communication distance detection apparatus of claim 6, wherein the hardware part of the signal recognition unit comprises an analog-to-digital converter and a digital band-pass filter unit electrically connected in sequence, and the software part comprises a template matching algorithm; and the digital band-pass filtering unit and the template matching algorithm are both carried in the FPGA chip.
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