CN117146542A - Sectional type drying equipment, system and method for preparing biological feed from kitchen waste - Google Patents
Sectional type drying equipment, system and method for preparing biological feed from kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN117146542A CN117146542A CN202311403868.1A CN202311403868A CN117146542A CN 117146542 A CN117146542 A CN 117146542A CN 202311403868 A CN202311403868 A CN 202311403868A CN 117146542 A CN117146542 A CN 117146542A
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- intermediate material
- cylinder
- cylinder body
- barrel
- kitchen waste
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 11
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930195730 Aflatoxin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XWIYFDMXXLINPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aflatoxin G Chemical compound O=C1OCCC2=C1C(=O)OC1=C2C(OC)=CC2=C1C1C=COC1O2 XWIYFDMXXLINPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019737 Animal fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000007212 Foot-and-Mouth Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000710198 Foot-and-mouth disease virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035472 Zoonoses Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000005409 aflatoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009924 canning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000006454 hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000283 hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/60—Biochemical treatment, e.g. by using enzymes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M47/00—Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
- C12M47/18—Gas cleaning, e.g. scrubbers; Separation of different gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
- F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
- F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
- F26B11/0436—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis comprising multiple stages, e.g. multiple rotating drums subsequently receiving the material to be dried; Provisions for heat recuperation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
- F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
- F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
- F26B11/0463—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis having internal elements, e.g. which are being moved or rotated by means other than the rotating drum wall
- F26B11/0477—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis having internal elements, e.g. which are being moved or rotated by means other than the rotating drum wall for mixing, stirring or conveying the materials to be dried, e.g. mounted to the wall, rotating with the drum
- F26B11/0486—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis having internal elements, e.g. which are being moved or rotated by means other than the rotating drum wall for mixing, stirring or conveying the materials to be dried, e.g. mounted to the wall, rotating with the drum the elements being held stationary, e.g. internal scraper blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/04—Heating arrangements using electric heating
- F26B23/06—Heating arrangements using electric heating resistance heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
- F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/02—Applications of driving mechanisms, not covered by another subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/04—Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
- F26B25/14—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction
- F26B25/16—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction mainly closed, e.g. drum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/70—Kitchen refuse; Food waste
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses sectional type drying equipment and a system and a method for preparing biological feed from kitchen waste, which belong to the technical field of drying, wherein the sectional type drying equipment comprises a first barrel and a second barrel which are communicated, the first barrel is provided with a feed inlet, the second barrel is provided with a discharge outlet, the first barrel and the second barrel are mutually vertical, the first barrel is transversely arranged, the second barrel is vertically arranged, the first barrel is positioned at the upper end of the second barrel, one end of the second barrel is connected to the middle part of the side wall of the first barrel, and the communication part of the first barrel and the second barrel is a communication port; the first barrel is provided with a first stirring piece, and the first barrel is provided with a heating piece. The invention has the advantage of providing sectional drying at high and low temperatures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material drying, and particularly relates to sectional type drying equipment, a system and a method for preparing biological feed from kitchen waste.
Background
At present, the kitchen waste collected in a concentrated way has complex components, not only comprises leftovers and leftovers of hotels and restaurants, but also comprises a large number of waste tableware, broken utensils, kitchen leftovers and the like, and is a mixture of various substances such as oil, water, peel, vegetables, rice flour, fish, meat, bones, waste tableware, plastics, tissues and the like. High saccharide content, mainly protein, starch and animal fat, and high salt content and fat content. Kitchen waste is produced by processing animal and plant raw materials, contains a large amount of protein, and is wasted if the kitchen waste is simply buried in a landfill. The resources stored in the garbage are effectively and reasonably reused, and the demands of the resources are partially met. The high-protein feed is prepared after reasonable treatment, and is a high-value biological resource.
The kitchen waste is mainly used for being collected by farmers around cities to be directly used as feed, and the utilization mode has a long history. The problem with this approach is that: the kitchen waste contains a large number of pathogenic microorganisms of zoonotic infectious diseases, which not only easily cause animals to infect viruses, but also easily cause diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, hepatitis and the like of human bodies. Therefore, the kitchen waste needs to be sterilized and dried, and high-temperature drying can play a sterilization role at the same time, and the drying efficiency is high, but the Maillard effect of materials is easy to occur, so that the protein denaturation is caused, and the protein content of a final product is influenced. The low-temperature drying efficiency is low, and the sterilization effect is poor. Accordingly, there is a need for a sectional type drying apparatus capable of providing high and low temperatures.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides sectional type drying equipment, a system and a method for preparing biological feed from kitchen waste, has the advantage of being capable of providing sectional type drying at high temperature and low temperature, and solves the problems in the prior art.
The sectional type drying equipment comprises a first barrel and a second barrel which are communicated, wherein the first barrel is provided with a feed inlet, the second barrel is provided with a discharge outlet, the first barrel and the second barrel are mutually vertical, the first barrel is transversely arranged, the second barrel is vertically arranged, the first barrel is positioned at the upper end of the second barrel, one end of the second barrel is connected to the middle part of the side wall of the first barrel, and the communication part of the first barrel and the second barrel is a communication port; the first barrel is provided with a first stirring piece, and the first barrel is provided with a heating piece.
As a preferable mode of the invention, the first stirring piece comprises a first rotary driving piece, the first rotary driving piece is fixedly connected to the end part of the first cylinder, the output end of the first rotary driving piece is fixedly connected with a first rotary shaft, the first rotary shaft extends to the inside of the first cylinder, a spiral blade is arranged on the first rotary shaft in a surrounding mode, and the edge of the spiral blade is attached to the inner wall of the first cylinder;
the side wall of the first cylinder body is provided with a groove, and the heating element is arranged in the groove.
As a preferable mode of the invention, the spiral blade is provided with a through hole; and/or
The edges of the helical blades are provided with notches.
As a preferred mode of the invention, the sectional type drying equipment further comprises a base, wherein the base is fixedly connected with a frame, the first cylinder is rotatably connected to the frame, a second rotary driving piece is arranged on one side of the frame, and the second rotary driving piece can drive the first cylinder to rotate.
Preferably, the first cylinder is communicated with the second cylinder through a pipeline, a dehumidifying part is arranged in the pipeline, and an air blowing part is arranged between the pipelines.
In the present invention, preferably, a screen plate is provided in the communication port, and the edge of the spiral blade is attached to the upper surface of the screen plate.
As the preferable mode of the invention, the inner surface of the side wall of the second cylinder is fixedly connected with a fixed block, the fixed block is fixedly connected with a spring, and the upper end of the spring is attached to the lower surface of the sieve plate.
As preferable, the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a limit bar, the inner ring of the spiral blade is provided with a clamping groove, and the clamping groove is clamped with the limit bar; the one end that keeps away from of first barrel the first rotation driving piece is equipped with the maintenance wall, the inner wall fixedly connected with clamping ring of maintenance wall, the clamping ring cup joint in the first pivot, just the tip of clamping ring with helical blade is contradicted.
The system for preparing the biological feed from the kitchen waste comprises the sectional type drying equipment and further comprises the following equipment:
the receiving tank is used for receiving kitchen waste;
the sorting machine is used for receiving kitchen waste in the receiving pool and sorting out non-degradable waste to obtain a first intermediate material;
the crushing squeezer is used for receiving the first intermediate material, crushing and squeezing the first intermediate material to obtain a second intermediate material, and separating out wastewater;
a conveyor for conveying the second intermediate material into the living fermentation apparatus;
the biochemical fermentation equipment is used for fermenting the second intermediate material under the action of the strain to obtain a third intermediate material, and the waste gas generated by fermentation is treated by the deodorizing device and then is discharged into carbon dioxide and water vapor;
the sectional type drying equipment is used for drying the third intermediate material to obtain a fourth intermediate material;
and the pulverizer is used for pulverizing the fourth intermediate material to obtain the protein biological feed.
The receiving tank and the sorting machine are also used for solid-liquid separation, and separated liquid is subjected to oil-water separation through oil-water separation equipment.
The method for preparing the biological feed from the kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
receiving kitchen waste and separating oil from water;
receiving kitchen waste, sorting non-degradable waste, and performing oil-water separation to obtain a first intermediate material;
receiving the first intermediate material, crushing and squeezing to obtain a second intermediate material, and separating out wastewater;
delivering the second intermediate material to a living fermentation facility;
fermenting the second intermediate material under the action of the strain to obtain a third intermediate material, and treating waste gas generated by fermentation by a deodorizing device to discharge carbon dioxide and water vapor;
drying the third intermediate material to obtain a fourth intermediate material;
and crushing the fourth intermediate material to obtain the protein biological feed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the novel drying device is used, the heating element can heat the inner space of the first cylinder, materials enter the first cylinder through the feeding hole, and the material stirring element stirs the materials to move in the first cylinder, so that the efficient drying is convenient; heat in the first cylinder may be conducted into the second cylinder through the communication port, and thus, a problem in the second cylinder is lower than a temperature in the first cylinder. The dried material in the first cylinder can enter the second cylinder through the communication port to be dried at low temperature, and then is discharged through the discharge port.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a sectional type drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic right-view structural diagram of a sectional type drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of portion A-A of FIG. 2, provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion B in FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of a sectional type drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of portion C-C of FIG. 5, provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion D of FIG. 6 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion E of FIG. 6 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a block diagram of a system for preparing biological feed from kitchen waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a first cylinder; 2. a second cylinder; 3. a feed inlet; 4. a discharge port; 5. a communication port; 6. the first material stirring piece; 61. a first rotary drive member; 62. a first rotating shaft; 63. a helical blade; 7. a heat generating member; 8. a groove; 9. a through hole; 10. a notch; 11. a base; 12. a frame; 13. a second rotary driving member; 131. a second motor; 132. a second rotating shaft; 133. a gear; 134. a gear ring; 14. a pipe; 15. a dehumidifying member; 16. a blower; 17. a sieve plate; 18. a fixed block; 19. a spring; 20. a limit bar; 21. a clamping groove; 22. an overhaul wall; 23. a pressing ring;
01. a receiving pool; 02. a sorter; 03. crushing the squeezer; 04. a conveyor; 05. biochemical fermentation equipment; 06. sectional type drying equipment; 07. a pulverizer.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, its features and advantages, reference is now made to the following examples, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
The structure of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-8, the sectional type drying apparatus provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a first cylinder 1 and a second cylinder 2 which are communicated, wherein the first cylinder 1 is provided with a feed inlet 3, the second cylinder 2 is provided with a discharge outlet 4, the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2 are mutually vertical, the first cylinder 1 is transversely arranged, the second cylinder 2 is vertically arranged, the first cylinder 1 is positioned at the upper end of the second cylinder 2, one end of the second cylinder 2 is connected to the middle part of the side wall of the first cylinder 1, and the communication part between the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2 is a communication port 5; a first stirring piece 6 is arranged in the first cylinder 1, and a heating piece 7 is arranged in the first cylinder 1.
When the novel drying device is used, the heating element 7 (such as an electric heating pipe or an air heater) can heat the inner space of the first cylinder 1, materials enter the first cylinder 1 through the feeding hole 3, and the material stirring element stirs the materials to move in the first cylinder 1, so that efficient drying is facilitated; the heat in the first cylinder 1 can be conducted into the second cylinder 2 through the communication port 5, and thus, a problem in the second cylinder 2 is lower than that in the first cylinder 1. The dried material in the first cylinder 1 can enter the second cylinder 2 through the communication port 5 for low-temperature drying, and then is discharged through the discharge port 4.
The temperature in the second cylinder 2 depends not only on the temperature in the first cylinder 1 but also on the size of the communication port 5. For example, when the size of the communication port 5 is large, the temperature of the second cylinder 2 tends to the temperature of the first cylinder 1, and when the size of the communication port 5 is small (e.g., only one slit), the temperature of the second cylinder 2 tends to room temperature.
For example, the solid slag with the water content of 25-35% is firstly dried at a high temperature in the first barrel 1, the drying temperature is 180-200 ℃, high-temperature sterilization and rapid evaporation of water can be performed, when the water content of the solid slag is lower than 20%, the solid slag enters the second barrel 2, low-temperature drying is adopted, the drying temperature is 120-140 ℃, and the water content of the finally dried solid slag is 8-12%. The high-temperature drying can sterilize and improve the drying efficiency, and the low-temperature drying can prevent the Maillard effect of the materials and the protein denaturation from influencing the protein content of the final product.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the first stirring member 6 includes a first rotation driving member 61, the first rotation driving member 61 is fixedly connected to an end portion of the first cylinder 1, an output end of the first rotation driving member 61 is fixedly connected to a first rotation shaft 62, the first rotation shaft 62 extends to an inside of the first cylinder 1, a spiral blade 63 is circumferentially disposed on the first rotation shaft 62, and an edge of the spiral blade 63 is attached to an inner wall of the first cylinder 1; the side wall of the first cylinder body 1 is provided with a groove 8, and the heating element 7 is arranged in the groove 8.
In use, the first rotary driving member 61 (e.g. the first motor and gearbox) drives the first rotary shaft 62 to rotate, thereby driving the helical blade 63 to stir the material in the first cylinder 1. And the first rotary driving member 61 can be rotated forward and backward, so that the spiral blade 63 can be alternately rotated forward and backward, thereby reciprocally stirring the material. Through this setting, the material can also carry out axial displacement along first barrel 1 except along the inner wall rotation of first barrel 1, can improve the homogeneity of material stoving. The heat generating member 7 is mounted in the groove 8 to prevent the screw blade 63 from colliding with the heat generating member 7.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the spiral blade 63 is provided with a through hole 9; and/or the edges of the helical blades 63 are notched 10. When in use, the spiral blade 63 can crush materials when rotating at high speed (for example, more than 200 revolutions per minute), and the drying efficiency can be further improved after crushing. Preferably, the through hole 9 is provided as a threaded hole, and a screw is connected in the threaded hole. The stirring effect on materials can be achieved through the screw, the spiral blade 63 can be supported, and the spiral blade 63 is prevented from being bent.
Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 5, the sectional type drying apparatus further includes a base 11, a frame 12 is fixedly connected to the base 11, the first cylinder 1 is rotatably connected to the frame 12, a second rotation driving member 13 is disposed on one side of the frame 12, and the second rotation driving member 13 can drive the first cylinder 1 to rotate.
The second rotary driving member 13 includes a second motor 131, the second motor 131 is fixedly connected to the frame 12, an output end of the second motor 131 is fixedly connected to a second rotating shaft 132, the second rotating shaft 132 is rotatably connected to the frame 12, an end portion of the second rotating shaft 132 is fixedly connected to a gear 133, the gear 133 is meshed with a gear ring 134, and the gear ring 134 is fixedly sleeved on an outer surface of the first cylinder 1.
With the above arrangement, the following modes of use are provided:
use mode 1: when the first cylinder 1 dries the material, the second cylinder 2 is rotated to be in a transverse state, the material in the first cylinder 1 cannot enter the second cylinder 2 at the moment, and after the first cylinder 1 is dried, the first cylinder 1 is rotated to enable the second cylinder 2 to be rotated to be in a vertical state, so that the material in the first cylinder 1 enters the second cylinder 2.
Usage pattern 2: when the second cylinder 2 dries the material, the second cylinder 2 is rocked in a reciprocating manner, so that the material in the second cylinder 2 moves in a reciprocating manner, and the drying efficiency can be improved.
Usage pattern 3: by adjusting the position of the first cylinder 1, the material of the second cylinder 2 can be re-entered into the first cylinder 1, so that high-temperature and low-temperature alternate drying can be performed.
Referring to fig. 2, the first cylinder 1 is communicated with the second cylinder 2 through a pipe 14, a dehumidifying member 15 is disposed in the pipe 14, and a blower member 16 is disposed between the pipes 14.
In use, in addition to the heat in the first cylinder 1 being passively introduced into the second cylinder 2, the hot air in the first cylinder 1 can be input into the second cylinder 2 through the air blower 16 via the pipe 14, and in the process, the moisture in the hot air can be removed by the dehumidifying element 15, so that the drying effect is improved. And heat is lost during the hot air transmission, so that the temperature in the second cylinder 2 is lower than that in the first cylinder 1, and low-temperature drying can be realized.
Referring to fig. 3, a screen plate 17 is disposed in the communication port 5, and an edge of the spiral blade 63 is attached to an upper surface of the screen plate 17.
When the material stirring device is used, the spiral blade 63 is used for stirring the material in the first cylinder 1 back and forth, and the material in the second cylinder 2 can be fed into the second cylinder through the sieve plate 17. By this arrangement, the following effects are achieved:
first, because of the screen plate 17, the second cylinder 2 does not need to be adjusted to a transverse state, and most of the materials cannot directly fall into the second cylinder 2, and can enter the second cylinder 2 through the screen plate 17 only after being dried to a certain degree or crushed.
Second, the material with a high humidity often sticks to clusters, is difficult to pass through the screen 17, and is pulled away by the screw blades 63 and does not stay on the screen 17 all the time. Only materials with a humidity lower than the preset value (lower humidity more dispersed) can pass through the sieve plate 17 (this can be achieved by setting the pore size of the sieve plate 17).
When the blower 16 is operated, on the one hand, the hot air in the first cylinder 1 is conveyed into the second cylinder 2 through the pipeline 14, and on the other hand, the hot air in the second cylinder 2 also enters the first cylinder 1 through the communication port 5, and at this time, the air flow can dredge the sieve plate 17 to prevent blockage. Of course, the blower 16 may also rotate in the opposite direction, and at this time, the hot air in the second cylinder 2 may be delivered into the first cylinder 1 through the pipe 14, and at the same time, the hot air in the first cylinder 1 enters into the second cylinder 2 through the communication port 5, thereby forming a heat cycle. When the hot air passes through the communication port 5, the materials in the first cylinder 1 are convenient to enter the second cylinder 2. The blower 16 may alternately rotate forward and reverse.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, a fixed block 18 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the side wall of the second cylinder 2, a spring 19 is fixedly connected to the fixed block 18, and the upper end of the spring 19 is attached to the lower surface of the screen plate 17. When in use, the spring 19 can elastically support the sieve plate 17, on one hand, the sieve plate 17 can be attached to the spiral blade 63, so that the spiral blade 63 can scrape materials on the sieve plate 17 conveniently. On the other hand, the screen 17 may be elastically vibrated, thereby facilitating the passage of material through the screen 17.
Referring to fig. 8, the first rotating shaft 62 is fixedly connected with a limit bar 20, the inner ring of the spiral blade 63 has a clamping groove 21, and the clamping groove 21 is clamped with the limit bar 20; the one end of first barrel 1 that keeps away from first rotation driving piece 61 is equipped with the maintenance wall 22, the inner wall fixedly connected with clamping ring 23 of maintenance wall 22, clamping ring 23 cup joint in on the first pivot 62, just the tip of clamping ring 23 with helical blade 63 conflict. Through this setting, can the edge dismantle helical blade 63 to dismantle at every turn and all can clear up the sticky material in the pivot, be convenient for overhaul helical blade 63, convenient to detach and change sieve 17.
Referring to fig. 9, the system for preparing biological feed from kitchen waste comprises the sectional type drying equipment, and further comprises the following equipment:
the receiving tank 01 is used for receiving kitchen waste;
the sorting machine 02 is used for receiving kitchen waste in the receiving pool 01 and sorting out non-degradable waste to obtain a first intermediate material;
a crushing squeezer 03 for receiving the first intermediate material, crushing and squeezing to obtain a second intermediate material, and separating out wastewater;
a conveyor 04 for conveying the second intermediate material into the living fermentation equipment;
the biochemical fermentation equipment 05 ferments the second intermediate material under the action of the strain to obtain a third intermediate material, and the waste gas generated by fermentation is treated by the deodorizing device and then discharges carbon dioxide and water vapor;
the sectional type drying equipment 06 is used for drying the third intermediate material to obtain a fourth intermediate material;
and the pulverizer 07 is used for pulverizing the fourth intermediate material to obtain the protein biological feed.
Wherein, the receiving tank 01 and the sorting machine 02 are also used for solid-liquid separation, and the separated liquid is subjected to oil-water separation by an oil-water separation device.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the biological feed from the kitchen waste, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, receiving kitchen waste and separating oil from water;
s2, receiving kitchen waste, sorting out non-degradable waste, and performing oil-water separation to obtain a first intermediate material;
s3, receiving the first intermediate material, crushing and squeezing to obtain a second intermediate material, and separating out wastewater;
s4, conveying the second intermediate material into living fermentation equipment;
step S5, fermenting the second intermediate material under the action of the strain to obtain a third intermediate material, and discharging carbon dioxide and water vapor after the waste gas generated by fermentation is treated by a deodorizing device;
step S6, drying the third intermediate material to obtain a fourth intermediate material;
and S7, crushing the fourth intermediate material to obtain the protein biological feed.
Exemplary, specific steps are:
first, pretreatment of
Kitchen waste is conveyed to a treatment point through a special canning vehicle, is poured into a discharge material after being metered and weighed, plastic and paper packaging garbage and a small amount of inorganic materials such as glass bottles and metal materials are sorted out and fall into a charging basket (charging basket is cleared at regular time), the kitchen waste enters a crusher to be crushed, then enters a screw extrusion dehydrator to be dehydrated, the water content of the extruded solid slag is 40-50%, the extruded solid slag enters the rear end to ferment through a conveying device, extruded filtrate passes through oil-water separation equipment, the separated sewage enters a sewage treatment system to be treated, and an odor collecting and deodorizing system is arranged above the vehicle-mounted pretreatment.
Second, biochemical fermentation. Feeding solid residue with water content of 40-50% into fermentation tank, adding compound strain (lactobacillus+bacillus subtilis) into fermentation tank, controlling fermentation temperature at 30-40deg.C, and fermenting for 1-3 days. The fermented oil can be used to dissolve aflatoxin.
Thirdly, solid-liquid separation. And (3) inputting the fermented materials into solid-liquid separation equipment for solid-liquid separation, wherein the water content of the solid slag obtained after separation is 25-35%.
Fourth, sectional type stoving. Firstly, drying the solid slag with the water content of 25-35% at a high temperature of 180-200 ℃ to achieve high-temperature sterilization and rapid evaporation of water, and when the water content of the solid slag is lower than 20%, adopting low-temperature drying, wherein the drying temperature is 120-140 ℃, and finally, the water content of the dried solid slag is 8-12%.
Fifth, high temperature drying can sterilize. The drying efficiency can be improved, and the low-temperature drying is to avoid Maillard effect of materials, so that protein denaturation is caused and the protein content of the final product is influenced.
Sixth, pulverizing and granulating. And crushing and granulating the dried solid slag.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the novel drying device is used, the heating element 7 (such as an electric heating pipe or an air heater) can heat the inner space of the first cylinder 1, materials enter the first cylinder 1 through the feeding hole 3, and the material stirring element stirs the materials to move in the first cylinder 1, so that efficient drying is facilitated; the heat in the first cylinder 1 can be conducted into the second cylinder 2 through the communication port 5, and thus, a problem in the second cylinder 2 is lower than that in the first cylinder 1. The dried material in the first cylinder 1 can enter the second cylinder 2 through the communication port 5 for low-temperature drying, and then is discharged through the discharge port 4.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. Sectional type drying equipment, including first barrel (1) and second barrel (2) of intercommunication, first barrel (1) have feed inlet (3), second barrel (2) have discharge gate (4), its characterized in that:
the first cylinder body (1) and the second cylinder body (2) are mutually perpendicular, the first cylinder body (1) is transversely arranged, the second cylinder body (2) is vertically arranged, the first cylinder body (1) is positioned at the upper end of the second cylinder body (2), one end of the second cylinder body (2) is connected to the middle part of the side wall of the first cylinder body (1), and a communication port (5) is formed at the communication position of the first cylinder body (1) and the second cylinder body (2);
a first stirring piece (6) is arranged in the first cylinder (1), and a heating piece (7) is arranged in the first cylinder (1).
2. The segmented drying apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the first stirring piece (6) comprises a first rotating driving piece (61), the first rotating driving piece (61) is fixedly connected to the end part of the first cylinder body (1), the output end of the first rotating driving piece (61) is fixedly connected with a first rotating shaft (62), the first rotating shaft (62) extends to the inside of the first cylinder body (1), a spiral blade (63) is arranged on the first rotating shaft (62) in a surrounding mode, and the edge of the spiral blade (63) is attached to the inner wall of the first cylinder body (1);
the side wall of the first cylinder body (1) is provided with a groove (8), and the heating element (7) is arranged in the groove (8).
3. The segmented drying apparatus of claim 2, wherein:
the spiral blade (63) is provided with a through hole (9); and/or
The edges of the helical blades (63) are provided with notches (10).
4. The segmented drying apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the sectional type drying equipment further comprises a base (11), a frame (12) is fixedly connected to the base (11), the first cylinder body (1) is rotationally connected to the frame (12), a second rotation driving piece (13) is arranged on one side of the frame (12), and the second rotation driving piece (13) can drive the first cylinder body (1) to rotate.
5. The segmented drying apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the first cylinder (1) is communicated with the second cylinder (2) through a pipeline (14), a dehumidifying piece (15) is arranged in the pipeline (14), and an air blast piece (16) is arranged between the pipelines (14).
6. The segmented drying apparatus of claim 2, wherein:
the connecting port (5) is internally provided with a sieve plate (17), and the edge of the spiral blade (63) is attached to the upper surface of the sieve plate (17).
7. The segmented drying apparatus of claim 6, wherein:
the inner surface of the side wall of the second cylinder body (2) is fixedly connected with a fixed block (18), a spring (19) is fixedly connected to the fixed block (18), and the upper end of the spring (19) is attached to the lower surface of the sieve plate (17).
8. The segmented drying apparatus of claim 7, wherein:
the first rotating shaft (62) is fixedly connected with a limiting strip (20), the inner ring of the spiral blade (63) is provided with a clamping groove (21), and the clamping groove (21) is clamped to the limiting strip (20);
one end of the first cylinder body (1) far away from the first rotation driving piece (61) is provided with an overhaul wall (22), the inner wall of the overhaul wall (22) is fixedly connected with a pressing ring (23), the pressing ring (23) is sleeved on the first rotating shaft (62), and the end part of the pressing ring (23) is abutted to the spiral blade (63).
9. A system for preparing biological feed from kitchen waste, comprising the sectional drying device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that it further comprises the following devices:
the receiving tank (01) is used for receiving kitchen waste;
the sorting machine (02) is used for receiving kitchen waste in the receiving pool (01) and sorting out non-degradable waste to obtain a first intermediate material;
a crushing squeezer (03) for receiving the first intermediate material, crushing and squeezing to obtain a second intermediate material, and separating out wastewater;
a conveyor (04) for conveying the second intermediate material into the living fermentation apparatus;
the biochemical fermentation equipment (05) ferments the second intermediate material under the action of the strain to obtain a third intermediate material, and the waste gas generated by fermentation is treated by the deodorizing device and then discharges carbon dioxide and water vapor;
the sectional type drying equipment (06) is used for drying the third intermediate material to obtain a fourth intermediate material;
a pulverizer (07) for pulverizing the fourth intermediate material to obtain a protein biological feed;
the receiving tank (01) and the sorting machine (02) are also used for solid-liquid separation, and separated liquid is subjected to oil-water separation through oil-water separation equipment.
10. The method for preparing the biological feed from the kitchen waste is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
receiving kitchen waste and separating oil from water;
receiving kitchen waste, sorting non-degradable waste, and performing oil-water separation to obtain a first intermediate material;
receiving the first intermediate material, crushing and squeezing to obtain a second intermediate material, and separating out wastewater;
delivering the second intermediate material to a living fermentation facility;
fermenting the second intermediate material under the action of the strain to obtain a third intermediate material, and treating waste gas generated by fermentation by a deodorizing device to discharge carbon dioxide and water vapor;
drying the third intermediate material to obtain a fourth intermediate material;
and crushing the fourth intermediate material to obtain the protein biological feed.
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| CN115574582A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-01-06 | 合肥工业大学 | Sectional type biomass continuous drying carbonization equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102247977A (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2011-11-23 | 贺灵 | Energy-saving restaurant and kitchen garbage treatment system and method |
| CN208466828U (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-02-05 | 山东名流餐处装备股份有限公司 | Kitchen castoff processing unit |
| WO2019219041A1 (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-11-21 | 山东名流餐处装备股份有限公司 | Kitchen waste processing method and processing apparatus |
| CN212821435U (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2021-03-30 | 广东叶沅环保科技有限公司 | Drum-type cleaning device based on kitchen waste treatment equipment |
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