CN117139830A - Method for processing air film hole on annular piece by utilizing laser - Google Patents

Method for processing air film hole on annular piece by utilizing laser Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117139830A
CN117139830A CN202210564147.8A CN202210564147A CN117139830A CN 117139830 A CN117139830 A CN 117139830A CN 202210564147 A CN202210564147 A CN 202210564147A CN 117139830 A CN117139830 A CN 117139830A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
laser
annular piece
film hole
air film
axis
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210564147.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨继虎
唐帅
田晓飞
冯晓星
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AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd
Original Assignee
AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd filed Critical AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd
Priority to CN202210564147.8A priority Critical patent/CN117139830A/en
Publication of CN117139830A publication Critical patent/CN117139830A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
    • B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment

Abstract

The application provides a method for processing a gas film hole on an annular piece by utilizing laser, which comprises the following steps: s is S 1 Determining a position reference of the annular piece, and aligning the annular piece; s is S 2 Determining the position of the first exhaust film hole and the 0-degree position of the annular piece; s is S 3 The workbench rotates around the rotating shaft for one circle, and the distance between the laser outlet hole and the surface of the annular piece is P 1j ；S 4 Recording the difference value of 0 degree position of the jth air film hole of the ith row relative to the annular piece as P ij ‑P i0 ；S 5 Determining the distance D between the laser outlet and the surface of the annular piece in the punching state, so that the punching distance D 10 ＝d；S 6 Distance of travel ΔD of laser head 1j ＝‑(P 1j ‑P 10 ) Laser processing the air film hole; s is S 7 In the ith rowAt the j-th air film hole, the moving distance delta D of the laser head ij ＝‑(P ij ‑P i0 ) Laser processing the air film hole; s is S 8 And finishing the laser processing of all the air film holes. The application can make the distance between the laser focus position and the surface of the part uniform during laser processing, and make the size of the laser processing air film holes uniform and the circumferential distribution uniform.

Description

Method for processing air film hole on annular piece by utilizing laser
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of gas turbines and aeroengines, in particular to a method for processing a gas film hole on an annular piece by utilizing laser.
Background
The high-energy laser processing gas film hole has the advantages of short processing time, high efficiency and low cost, and is widely applied to gas turbines and aeroengines. For example, the gas film hole on the flame tube of the combustion chamber adopts high-energy laser to process the gas film hole with the efficiency which is tens of times of that of the traditional electric spark processing. Moreover, almost all materials can be processed using lasers. The wall surface of the flame tube of the advanced gas turbine and aeroengine is generally made of a thermal barrier coating technology, the thermal barrier coating is not conductive, electric spark machining cannot be adopted, and laser machining is almost the optimal method for machining the air film hole.
The principle of high-energy laser processing a workpiece is as follows: the focused high-energy laser beam irradiates the surface of the workpiece to be processed, the surface of the workpiece at the laser irradiation part is rapidly vaporized and melted, the air pressure is rapidly increased, and then the focused high-energy laser beam is sprayed outwards along the laser irradiation direction by high-speed auxiliary air flow, so that a small hole is formed at the processing part.
In gas turbines and aeroengines, the annular parts that require laser machining of the gas film holes are generally thin and are extremely prone to deformation during sheet metal or machining. In the subsequent laser processing, as the part is deformed, the distance between the laser head and the surface of the part varies with the severity of the part deformation, and the position of the laser focus is far from or near to the surface of the part, so that the sizes of the processed air film holes are different. And under most conditions, a certain angle exists between the air film hole and the surface of the part, and at the moment, the laser focus position is far from or near to the surface of the part, so that the processed air film hole is unevenly arranged, even is unevenly circumferentially distributed, and the heat insulation effect of the air film hole and the air distribution of a combustion chamber are seriously influenced.
The existing method for processing the air film hole by laser generally avoids deformation of the annular part as much as possible, reduces the feed amount in the machining process, adopts auxiliary supports and the like. Nevertheless, the annular piece still can appear the deformation to a certain extent under the free state, under the limited circumstances of space, air film hole position degree requirement is higher, often can't satisfy the design requirement.
In laser processing, as the annular part deforms, the laser focus is far from or near to the surface of the part, so that the processed air film holes are different in size, uneven in arrangement of the air film holes, even uneven in circumferential distribution and the like.
In view of the above, the inventor designs a method for processing the air film hole on the ring by using laser, so as to solve the problems of uneven size, uneven circumferential distribution and the like of the laser processing air film hole caused by deformation of the ring piece.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to overcome the defects of different sizes, uneven circumferential distribution and the like of laser processing air film holes caused by deformation of an annular piece in the prior art, and provides a method for processing the air film holes on the annular piece by utilizing laser.
The application solves the technical problems by the following technical proposal:
the method for processing the air film hole on the annular piece by using the laser is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S 1 clamping the annular piece on a workbench, determining a position reference of the annular piece, and aligning the annular piece so that a rotating shaft of the annular piece and a rotating shaft of the workbench are on the same line;
S 2 determining the position of the first exhaust film hole and the 0-degree position of the annular piece, focusing laser of the laser, and enabling the laser focus to be on the surface of the 0-degree position of the annular piece;
S 3 the workbench rotates around the revolving shaft for one circle, and the distance between the laser outlet hole of the laser and the surface of the annular piece is measured to be P by adopting the laser ranging function of the laser 1j ；
Wherein 1 represents a first row of air film holes, j represents a j-th air film hole, and the j-th air film hole of the first row is recorded relative to the annular shapeThe difference in 0 position of the pieces is P 1j -P 10 ；
S 4 Moving the laser head of the laser to the ith row along the Z axis, and repeating the step S 2 And the step S 3 Until the last row of measurement is completed, recording the difference value of 0 degree position of the ith row of jth air film holes relative to the annular piece as P ij -P i0 ；
S 5 Determining that the distance between the laser outlet of the laser in the punching state and the surface of the annular piece is D, returning the laser head to the 0-degree position of the first exhaust film hole, and adjusting the distance between the laser outlet of the laser and the surface of the annular piece to be D 10 Distance D of punching 10 ＝d；
S 6 The laser head is kept motionless, the workbench rotates around the center of the workbench, and the moving distance delta D of the laser head is measured at the j-th air film hole of the first air exhaust film hole 1j ＝-(P 1j -P 10 ) Carrying out laser processing on the air film hole;
S 7 and (S) moving the laser head to an ith exhaust film hole along the Z axis, and repeating the step (S) 6 At the j-th air film hole of the ith row, the moving distance delta D of the laser head ij ＝-(P ij -P i0 ) Carrying out laser processing on the air film hole;
S 8 and finishing the laser processing of all the air film holes.
According to one embodiment of the application, the X axis corresponding to the jth air film hole of the ith row on the annular piece is taken as the radial direction, is perpendicular to the Z axis of the workbench, takes the direction away from the moving direction of the part as the positive direction, and the direction close to the moving direction of the part as the negative direction.
According to one embodiment of the application, the Z-axis is aligned with the axis of rotation of the ring and is oriented in a positive direction.
According to one embodiment of the application, the step S 1 Also comprises: the laser head is kept horizontal and aimed at the edge of one end of the ring part, and rotates around the central axis of the ring part for one circle, if the edge of one end of the ring part is always kept at the laserThe axial alignment is considered to be completed in the capturing view field of the device;
the laser head rotates 90 degrees and keeps vertical, aims at the edge of one end of the annular piece, rotates around the central axis of the annular piece for one circle, and if the edge of one end of the annular piece is kept in the capturing view of the laser, the circumferential alignment is considered to be completed.
According to one embodiment of the application, the step S 2 The method for ensuring the laser focus to strike on the surface of the annular piece comprises the following steps: the laser head is kept parallel to the X axis, a mark is marked at the 0-degree position of the annular piece by laser, the laser head rotates around a laser focus by an angle alpha, the mark is still displayed in the capturing view field of the laser, the laser focus is seen to strike the surface of the annular piece, and the angle alpha takes the value of 0-90 degrees.
According to one embodiment of the application, the step S 2 The 0-degree position of the middle annular piece is selected as the position of the first air film hole in each row, and the laser head is kept parallel to the X axis.
According to one embodiment of the application, the step S 3 The laser heads remain parallel to the corresponding X-axis.
According to one embodiment of the application, the step S 5 The laser head and the X axis keep an angle beta, and the value range of the angle beta is 0-90 degrees.
According to one embodiment of the application, the step S 6 And said step S 7 The laser heads are moved along the corresponding X-axis.
According to one embodiment of the application, the ring members include full ring members and non-full ring members.
The application has the positive progress effects that:
the method for processing the air film holes on the annular piece by utilizing the laser can ensure that the distance between the laser focus position and the surface of the part is consistent during laser processing, and effectively solves the problems of uneven size, uneven circumferential distribution and the like of the air film holes in the laser processing caused by deformation of the annular piece.
Drawings
The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like reference characters designate like features throughout the drawings, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic alignment diagram in the method for processing the air film hole on the annular piece by utilizing laser.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of processing a gas film hole in a method for processing a gas film hole on a ring member by using laser.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an angle α in the method for processing a gas film hole on a ring member by using laser according to the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.
Furthermore, although terms used in the present application are selected from publicly known and commonly used terms, some terms mentioned in the present specification may be selected by the applicant at his or her discretion, the detailed meanings of which are described in relevant parts of the description herein.
Furthermore, it is required that the present application is understood, not simply by the actual terms used but by the meaning of each term lying within.
FIG. 1 is a schematic alignment diagram in the method for processing the air film hole on the annular piece by utilizing laser. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of processing a gas film hole in a method for processing a gas film hole on a ring member by using laser. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an angle α in the method for processing a gas film hole on a ring member by using laser according to the present application.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present application discloses a method for machining a gas film hole on a ring member using a laser, which adopts a machining apparatus including a table 10, a ring member 20, and a laser head 30. The laser head 30 is a laser exit device of a laser, and includes a laser exit hole 31 of the laser.
The method for processing the air film hole on the annular piece by utilizing the laser comprises the following steps of:
step S 1 The ring 20 is clamped on the workbench 10, the position reference of the ring 20 is determined, and the ring 20 is aligned so that the rotating shaft of the ring 20 and the rotating shaft of the workbench 10 are on the same line.
Preferably, the step S 1 Also comprises: the laser head 30 is kept horizontal, aims at the edge of one end of the annular piece 20, rotates around the central axis of the annular piece 20 for one circle, and if the edge 21 of one end of the annular piece 20 is always kept in the capturing view of the laser, the axial alignment is considered to be completed;
the laser head is rotated 90 deg. and held upright, aiming at the edge 21 at one end of the ring 20, and rotating around the central axis of the ring 20 once, the edge 21 at one end of the ring 20 is considered to complete circumferential alignment if it remains within the capture field of view of the laser.
The ring 20 herein preferably may include both full ring and non-full ring configurations, such as scalloped configurations.
Step S 2 And determining the position of the first exhaust film hole and the 0-degree position of the annular piece, focusing the laser of the laser, and enabling the laser focus to strike the surface of the 0-degree position of the annular piece 20.
Preferably, the step S 2 The method of ensuring that the laser focus impinges on the surface of the ring 20 is: the laser head 30 is kept parallel to the X-axis, a mark is made with the laser at the 0 ° position of the ring 20, the laser head 30 rotates around the laser focus by an angle α, which is 0 ° to 90 °, and the mark is considered to be the laser focus striking the surface of the ring 20 while still being displayed in the capture field of view of the laser.
Wherein the step S 2 The 0 position of the middle annular member 20 is preferably selected as the first film hole in each rowIn position, the laser head 30 remains parallel to the X-axis.
Further preferably, the X axis corresponding to the jth gas film hole of the ith row on the ring 20 is the radial direction thereof, and is perpendicular to the Z axis of the table 10, and the direction away from the movement of the part is the positive direction, and the direction close to the movement of the part is the negative direction.
The Z axis is aligned with the rotational axis of the ring 20 and is oriented in a positive direction.
Step S 3 The workbench 10 rotates around the revolving shaft for one circle, and the distance between the laser outlet hole of the laser and the surface of the annular piece 20 is measured to be P by adopting the laser distance measuring function of the laser 1j ；
Wherein 1 represents a first row of air film holes, j represents a j-th air film hole, and the difference value of 0-degree positions of the j-th air film holes in the first row relative to the annular piece is recorded as P 1j -P 10 。
The air film hole is a small hole penetrating through the part, and can form an air film on the surface of the part to play a role in heat insulation.
Preferably, the step S 3 The middle laser head 30 remains parallel to the corresponding X-axis.
Step S 4 Moving the laser head of the laser to the ith row along the Z axis, and repeating the step S 2 And the step S 3 Until the last row of measurement is completed, recording the difference value of 0 degree position of the ith row of jth air film holes relative to the annular piece as P ij -P i0 。
Step S 5 Determining that the distance D between the laser outlet of the laser and the surface of the annular piece 20 in the punching state is the distance D between the laser outlet of the laser and the surface of the annular piece, and adjusting the distance D between the laser outlet of the laser and the surface of the annular piece when the laser head 30 returns to the 0-degree position of the first exhaust film hole 10 Distance D of punching 10 ＝d。
Preferably, the step S 5 The middle laser head 30 and the X axis keep an angle beta, and the value range of the angle beta is 0-90 degrees.
Step S 6 The laser head 30 is kept stationary, the table 10 is rotated around its center axis, and the first exhaust film hole is formedAt the j-th gas film hole, the moving distance Δd of the laser head 30 1j ＝-(P 1j -P 10 ) And (5) carrying out laser processing on the air film hole.
Step S 7 Moving the laser head 30 along the Z axis to the ith exhaust film hole, repeating the above step S 6 At the ith row and jth gas film hole, the moving distance Δd of the laser head 30 ij ＝-(P ij -P i0 ) And (5) carrying out laser processing on the air film hole.
Preferably, the step S 6 And said step S 7 The laser heads 30 are moved along the corresponding X-axis.
Step S 8 And finishing the laser processing of all the air film holes.
The application discloses a method for processing a gas film hole on an annular part by utilizing laser, which utilizes typical laser to process the gas film hole on the annular part, and the method is also within the protection scope of the application if the part is of a plane or curved surface structure. When the annular piece deforms, the distance between the laser focus and the surface of the part is always consistent, and the problems that the size of the laser processing air film hole is different, the circumferential distribution is uneven and the like caused by the deformation of the annular piece are solved.
In summary, the method for processing the air film holes on the annular piece by utilizing the laser can lead the distance between the laser focus position and the surface of the part to be consistent during laser processing, and effectively solve the problems of uneven size, uneven circumferential distribution and the like of the air film holes in the laser processing caused by deformation of the annular piece.
While specific embodiments of the application have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are by way of example only, and the scope of the application is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, but such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the application.

Claims (10)

1. A method for processing a gas film hole on a ring-shaped member by using laser, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S 1 clamping the annular piece on a workbench, determining a position reference of the annular piece, and aligning the annular piece so that a rotating shaft of the annular piece and a rotating shaft of the workbench are on the same line;
S 2 determining the position of the first exhaust film hole and the 0-degree position of the annular piece, focusing laser of the laser, and enabling the laser focus to be on the surface of the 0-degree position of the annular piece;
S 3 the workbench rotates around the revolving shaft for one circle, and the distance between the laser outlet hole of the laser and the surface of the annular piece is measured to be P by adopting the laser ranging function of the laser 1j ；
Wherein 1 represents a first row of air film holes, j represents a j-th air film hole, and the difference value of 0-degree positions of the j-th air film holes of the first row relative to the annular piece is recorded as P 1j -P 10 ；
S 4 Moving the laser head of the laser to the ith row along the Z axis, and repeating the step S 2 And the step S 3 Until the last row of measurement is completed, recording the difference value of 0 degree position of the ith row of jth air film holes relative to the annular piece as P ij -P i0 ；
S 5 Determining that the distance between the laser outlet of the laser in the punching state and the surface of the annular piece is D, returning the laser head to the 0-degree position of the first exhaust film hole, and adjusting the distance between the laser outlet of the laser and the surface of the annular piece to be D 10 Distance D of punching 10 ＝d；
S 6 The laser head is kept motionless, the workbench rotates around the center of the workbench, and the moving distance delta D of the laser head is measured at the j-th air film hole of the first air exhaust film hole 1j ＝-(P 1j -P 10 ) Carrying out laser processing on the air film hole;
S 7 and (S) moving the laser head to an ith exhaust film hole along the Z axis, and repeating the step (S) 6 At the j-th air film hole of the ith row, the moving distance delta D of the laser head ij ＝-(P ij -P i0 ) PerformingMachining a gas film hole by laser;
S 8 and finishing the laser processing of all the air film holes.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the X axis corresponding to the jth gas film hole of the ith row on the annular member is in a radial direction perpendicular to the Z axis of the table, and the direction away from the part is positive and the direction close to the part is negative.
3. The method of machining a gas film hole in a ring using a laser as set forth in claim 2, wherein the Z axis is aligned with a rotation axis of the ring and oriented in a positive direction.
4. The method for machining a gas film hole in a ring member by using a laser as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step S 1 Also comprises: the laser head is kept horizontal, aims at the edge of one end of the annular piece, rotates around the central axis of the annular piece for one circle, and if the edge of one end of the annular piece is always kept in the capturing view of the laser, the axial alignment is considered to be completed;
the laser head rotates 90 degrees and keeps vertical, aims at the edge of one end of the annular piece, rotates around the central axis of the annular piece for one circle, and if the edge of one end of the annular piece is kept in the capturing view of the laser, the circumferential alignment is considered to be completed.
5. The method for machining a gas film hole in a ring member by using a laser as set forth in claim 2, wherein said step S 2 The method for ensuring the laser focus to strike on the surface of the annular piece comprises the following steps: the laser head is kept parallel to the X axis, a mark is marked at the 0-degree position of the annular piece by laser, the laser head rotates around a laser focus by an angle alpha, the mark is still displayed in the capturing view field of the laser, the laser focus is seen to be marked on the surface of the annular piece, and the value of the angle alpha is 0-90 degrees°。
6. The method for machining a gas film hole in a ring member by using a laser as set forth in claim 2, wherein said step S 2 The 0-degree position of the middle annular piece is selected as the position of the first air film hole in each row, and the laser head is kept parallel to the X axis.
7. The method for machining a gas film hole in a ring member by using a laser as set forth in claim 2, wherein said step S 3 The laser heads remain parallel to the corresponding X-axis.
8. The method for machining a gas film hole in a ring member by using a laser as set forth in claim 2, wherein said step S 5 The laser head and the X axis keep an angle beta, and the value range of the angle beta is 0-90 degrees.
9. The method for machining a gas film hole in a ring member by using a laser as set forth in claim 2, wherein said step S 6 And said step S 7 The laser heads are moved along the corresponding X-axis.
10. The method of machining a gas film hole in a ring of claim 1 using a laser, wherein the ring comprises a full ring and a non-full ring.
CN202210564147.8A 2022-05-23 2022-05-23 Method for processing air film hole on annular piece by utilizing laser Pending CN117139830A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210564147.8A CN117139830A (en) 2022-05-23 2022-05-23 Method for processing air film hole on annular piece by utilizing laser

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210564147.8A CN117139830A (en) 2022-05-23 2022-05-23 Method for processing air film hole on annular piece by utilizing laser

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117139830A true CN117139830A (en) 2023-12-01

Family

ID=88904776

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210564147.8A Pending CN117139830A (en) 2022-05-23 2022-05-23 Method for processing air film hole on annular piece by utilizing laser

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117139830A (en)

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