CN117131312A - Infrared scene numerical calculation method in rainy environment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an infrared scene numerical calculation method in a rainy environment, which relates to the technical field of infrared scene simulation and comprises the following steps: s1, calculating an infrared radiation attenuation coefficient based on rainfall; s2, calculating a speed vector of the raindrop land based on the scene wind speed; s3, calculating the emissivity of the surface unit materials in the scene based on the speed vector of the rain drop landing; s4, calculating the surface temperature of the material based on the emissivity of the surface unit material in the scene; s5, calculating an infrared radiation brightness value of the scene; s6, generating an infrared simulation image. The invention can effectively reduce infrared simulation errors and improve the precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of infrared scene simulation, in particular to the technical field of an infrared scene numerical value calculation method in a rainy environment.
Background
With the rapid development of infrared technology, the infrared detection recognition technology and the target infrared imaging system are widely applied to various fields of industry, medical treatment, military and the like, and in order to research the infrared radiation characteristics of the environment after rain, researchers propose several characteristic methods for calculating the infrared radiation in the environment after rain, including synthesizing a ground target into an infrared image of the background, and only a simple image processing means is provided; measuring the spectral attenuation of continuous rainfall, calculating the attenuation of atmospheric radiation in the rain by utilizing the spectral distribution of a rain drop ruler, and researching the influence of the rainfall on the attenuation of infrared radiation; the method provides a strategy method which should be adopted in engineering application aiming at the application problem of the 8-14 mu m band infrared detection system used for imaging and identifying the ground or low-altitude targets in the case of cloud and rain weather. However, these methods have some limitations: the infrared radiation characteristic after rain of the whole scene cannot be calculated in a full wave band, so that the battlefield requirement cannot be met; the rainfall condition of the whole scene cannot be comprehensively calculated, so that infrared imaging distortion is caused; the distribution rule of the atmospheric water content of the scene after rain cannot be accurately calculated, and the attenuation coefficient of atmospheric radiation after rain deviates from the actual attenuation, so that the infrared radiation result error is large. The prior patent or literature discloses the following:
patent publication No. CN115098827A, patent name "an infrared scene numerical calculation method under snow cover environment" discloses the following: an infrared scene numerical calculation method in a snow cover environment comprises the following steps: calculating a snowflake landing speed vector; based on a snowflake landing speed vector, calculating snow coverage thickness in a scene; calculating the infrared radiation brightness of the scene according to the snow cover thickness in the scene; and generating an infrared simulation image according to the infrared radiation brightness of the scene. The comparison file aims to accurately calculate the snow coverage condition of the scene surface through a ray tracing technology, so that the infrared scene radiation characteristic can be accurately calculated.
Patent publication number CN114492006a, entitled "method for calculating brightness of infrared radiation for simulation", discloses the following: a method for calculating the brightness of infrared radiation for simulation, the method comprising the steps of: s1, firstly, calculating target heat radiation brightness, and after calculating the target heat radiation brightness, sequentially calculating reflected sunlight direct brightness, reflected sky light radiation brightness and reflected atmosphere heat radiation brightness; s2: obtaining attenuation calculation component data of the atmosphere between the target and the analog camera on infrared radiation, calculating the atmosphere transmittance between the target and the analog camera according to the total heat radiation brightness emitted by the target, judging whether strong light and smoke interference exists or not, if the calculated atmosphere transmittance is smaller than a threshold value, judging that strong light and smoke interference exists, entering step S3, and if the calculated transmittance is higher than the threshold value, judging that radiation brightness entering the camera is calculated; s3: and acquiring target reflection strong light component data by acquiring smoke path brightness data and smoke path transmittance data, and observing whether the direction is a strong light spot or not.
In the journal paper "near infrared radiation attenuation research based on raindrop spectrum distribution database" of the institute of rocket army engineering university, a method for establishing a raindrop spectrum distribution database under different rainfall conditions of a target area is provided, and the attenuation coefficient of near infrared radiation in rain is calculated by combining a meter scattering theory and a rainfall attenuation coefficient formula. The establishment of the raindrop spectrum distribution database has wider applicability and is closer to the actual situation, so that the method has great significance in accurately calculating the attenuation of near infrared radiation in a target area in the rain, but the method cannot calculate the attenuation coefficient according to any rainfall, a large amount of data is needed, and the attenuation coefficient of atmospheric radiation is complex and not accurately calculated, so that the calculated infrared radiation error is larger.
In the paper of the research of the application strategy of the infrared detection system under the condition of cloud and rain weather, researchers of aviation engine officers and soldiers in air force engineering university provide a strategy method which should be adopted in engineering application, and prove that the detection angle, the atmospheric visibility, the rainfall intensity, the cloud layer type and the like are all main factors influencing the application effect of the band infrared detection system.
However, the above method cannot be applied to all-band calculation of the post-rain infrared radiation characteristics of the whole scene, so that the battlefield requirements cannot be met; the rainfall condition of the whole scene cannot be comprehensively calculated, and further infrared imaging distortion is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: the invention provides an infrared scene numerical value calculation method in a rainy environment, which aims to solve the technical problems that the rainfall condition in a scene can not be accurately calculated and the radiation attenuation coefficient can not be accurately calculated in the prior art.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purposes:
the invention provides an infrared scene numerical calculation method in a rainy environment, which comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating an infrared radiation attenuation coefficient based on rainfall;
s2, calculating a speed vector of the raindrop land based on the scene wind speed;
s3, calculating the emissivity of the surface unit materials in the scene based on the speed vector of the rain drop landing;
s4, calculating the surface temperature of the material based on the emissivity of the surface unit material in the scene;
s5, calculating an infrared radiation brightness value of the scene;
s6, generating an infrared simulation image.
In one embodiment, in step S1, the specific steps for calculating the infrared radiation attenuation coefficient based on the rainfall are as follows:
s11, defining the infrared radiation attenuation coefficient asThere is->，
In the method, in the process of the invention,for the rain drop particle size spectrum distribution, +.>Is of particle diameter，/>Is the extinction cross section of raindrops, < >>As a scattering factor->For absorption of efficiency factors, +.>Is extinction efficiency factor, +>。
Raindrop spectral distribution functions for different rainfall:
in the middle ofIs rain intensity, namely rainfall, the unit is +.>。
S12, fitting a raindrop spectrum distribution function related to the rainfall according to the raindrop spectrum distribution functions of different rainfall in the step S11The following are provided:
。
s13, taking raindrops which are large particles relative to infrared wavelengthAll particle integration intervals get +.>，The raindrop spectrum distribution function regarding the rainfall in step S12 is +.>Substitution of the infrared radiation attenuation coefficient +.>The following formula is obtained:
，
the above equation shows that the attenuation is independent of wavelength, but is a function of the amount of rainfall, so the infrared radiation attenuation coefficient is:
。
is particle complex refractive index +.>And scale parameter->Is calculated from the following formula:
，
，
，
，
in the method, in the process of the invention,measuring the size of the particle size relative to the incident wavelength as a dimension parameter, and measuring the dimensionless size; />Is the incident wavelength; />Is the complex refractive index of the particles, comprising a real part +>And imaginary part->Real part->Representing the scattering, imaginary part +.>Representing absorption of incident radiation. When->Above the wavelength>. For the raindrop spectrum, the Marshall-palm index distribution is generally considered to better describe the average scale distribution of raindrops, and the raindrop spectrum distribution under different rainfall conditions is observed to have the characteristic of normal distribution, so that a normal distribution model is selected to fit a raindrop spectrum distribution function meter of the raindrop spectrum distribution.
In one embodiment, in step S2, the specific step of calculating the velocity vector of the rain drop land based on the scene wind speed is as follows:
s21, according to the wind speed direction in the sceneAnd wind speed size>By the formula:，/>and->Obtaining the wind speed under the scene coordinate system: />；
S22, recording the average final speed of raindrop dropThe unit is->The calculation formula is as follows:
，
in the method, in the process of the invention,is rain intensity, namely rainfall, the unit is +.>；/>For acceleration of gravity, get->;
S23, calculating the average final velocity vector of the raindrop falling in the windless state according to the step S22 asReusing wind speed of step S21 +.>Direction of rain drop landing in synthetic scene:。
in one embodiment, in step S3, based on the velocity vector of the rain landing, the specific steps of calculating the emissivity of the surface unit material in the scene are as follows:
s31, taking the opposite direction of the velocity vector of the rain drop land calculated in the step S2 as the direction of the tracking ray, and calculating the dry and wet state of each surface unit material in the scene by utilizing the ray tracking technology, wherein the formula of the dry and wet state function of the surface unit material is as follows:
，
if ray tracing is not blocked, then，/>The ground state is moist; on the contrary, let(s)>，The ground state is dry;
s32, calculating the material emissivity according to the state function in the step S31 and combining the rainfall, wherein the material emissivity is as follows:
，
in the method, in the process of the invention,emissivity of water material->And->The emissivity of the materials in dry and wet states are respectively,is a dry-wet state function of the surface unit material.
In one embodiment, in step S4, based on the emissivity of the surface unit material in the scene, the specific steps for calculating the material surface temperature are as follows:
s41, calculating the radiation quantity of the atmosphere reaching the ground according to a raindrop attenuation calculation formula in the step S1 when calculating the solar reflection radiation and the atmospheric reflection radiation;
s42, based on a dry and wet state function calculation formula of each surface unit material in the step S3, corresponding thermophysical parameters are read from a material library;
s43, calculating boundary conditions of a heat conduction equation based on an emissivity formula of the surface unit material in the step S3 and the thermophysical parameters in the step S42, wherein the thermophysical parameters are given by a configuration file;
s44, solving a heat balance equation based on the boundary conditions in the step S43, and further calculating the temperature distribution of the scene in the rainy environment.
In one embodiment, in step S5, the specific steps for calculating the scene infrared radiation brightness value are as follows:
s51, establishing an infrared scene calculation model by using a Planckian formula based on the attenuation coefficient in the step S1, the emissivity of the surface unit material in the scene in the step S3 and the material surface temperature in the step S4;
s52, solving the infrared scene calculation model in the step S51, and calculating the infrared radiation brightness of the scene surface in rainy weather.
In one embodiment, in step S6, the specific steps for generating the infrared simulation image are as follows:
s61, according to the result of the step S52, the pixels are usedIs used for outputting the infrared simulation image.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention has reasonable design, and experimental results show that the invention can effectively reduce infrared simulation errors and improve the precision. The method is based on a speed vector of the rain drop of the scene anemometer, and the rainfall condition of the scene is accurately calculated by combining a ray tracing technology with meteorological parameters so as to accurately calculate the radiation characteristic of the infrared scene due to the change of the humidity of the material caused by the surface of the material after rain or the drying or wetting or water accumulation of the material, thereby affecting the emissivity and the temperature of the material.
2. According to the invention, a continuous raindrop spectrum distribution function related to rainfall is fitted by utilizing a raindrop spectrum distribution function of the end point rainfall, and an infrared radiation attenuation coefficient formula based on the rainfall is constructed; according to the speed vector of the raindrop land, calculating the dry and wet state function of each surface unit material in the scene by utilizing a ray tracing technology, and calculating the material emissivity by combining the rainfall; based on the material dry and wet state function, corresponding thermophysical parameters are read from a material library, boundary conditions of a heat conduction equation are calculated, a heat balance equation is solved, and temperature distribution of a scene in a rainy environment is obtained; finally, calculating the infrared radiation value of the pixel according to the infrared properties such as the infrared radiation attenuation coefficient, emissivity, temperature and the like, and the pixel is used for measuring the infrared radiation valueThe infrared simulation image is output at the resolution ratio of (2) to obtain the infrared radiation simulation image in the accurate and high-resolution rainy environment.
3. The invention has great significance for infrared stealth technology research and infrared dynamic target identification research, and provides a research foundation for deep research on infrared radiation characteristics of the rainy environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an implementation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", etc. are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or those that are conventionally put in place when the inventive product is used, are merely for convenience of description and simplification of description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for calculating an infrared scene value in a rainy environment, including the following steps:
s1, calculating an infrared radiation attenuation coefficient based on rainfall;
s2, calculating a speed vector of the raindrop land based on the scene wind speed;
s3, calculating the emissivity of the surface unit materials in the scene based on the speed vector of the rain drop landing;
s4, calculating the surface temperature of the material based on the emissivity of the surface unit material in the scene;
s5, calculating an infrared radiation brightness value of the scene;
s6, generating an infrared simulation image.
Example 2
The embodiment is further optimized based on the embodiment 1, specifically:
in step S1, based on the rainfall, the specific steps for calculating the infrared radiation attenuation coefficient are as follows:
s11, defining the infrared radiation attenuation coefficient asThere is->，
In the method, in the process of the invention,for the rain drop particle size spectrum distribution, +.>For particle diameter>Is the extinction cross section of raindrops, < >>As a scattering factor->For absorption of efficiency factors, +.>Is extinction efficiency factor, +>。
Raindrop spectral distribution functions for different rainfall:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is rain intensity, namely rainfall, the unit is +.>。
S12, fitting a raindrop spectrum distribution function related to the rainfall according to the raindrop spectrum distribution functions of different rainfall in the step S11The following are provided:
。
s13, taking raindrops which are large particles relative to infrared wavelengthAll particle integration intervals get +.>，The raindrop spectrum distribution function regarding the rainfall in step S12 is +.>Substitution of the infrared radiation attenuation coefficient +.>The following formula is obtained:
，
the above equation shows that the attenuation is independent of wavelength, but is a function of the amount of rainfall, so the infrared radiation attenuation coefficient is:
。
is particle complex refractive index +.>And scale parameter->Is calculated from the following formula:
，
，
，
，
in the method, in the process of the invention,measuring the size of the particle size relative to the incident wavelength as a dimension parameter, and measuring the dimensionless size; />Is the incident wavelength; />Is the complex refractive index of the particles, comprising a real part +>And imaginary part->Real part->Representing the scattering, imaginary part of incident radiationRepresenting absorption of incident radiation. When->Above the wavelength>. For the raindrop spectrum, the Marshall-palm index distribution is generally considered to better describe the average scale distribution of raindrops, and the raindrop spectrum distribution under different rainfall conditions is observed to have the characteristic of normal distribution, so that a normal distribution model is selected to fit a raindrop spectrum distribution function meter of the raindrop spectrum distribution.
Example 3
This example was further optimized on the basis of example 2, specifically:
in step S2, based on the scene wind speed, the specific steps of calculating the velocity vector of the rain drop landing are as follows:
s21, according to the wind speed direction in the sceneAnd wind speed size>By the formula:，/>and->Obtaining the wind speed under the scene coordinate system: />；
S22, recording the average final speed of raindrop dropThe unit is->Calculation formulaThe following are provided:
，
in the method, in the process of the invention,is rain intensity, namely rainfall, the unit is +.>；/>For acceleration of gravity, get->;
S23, calculating the average final velocity vector of the raindrop falling in the windless state according to the step S22 asReusing wind speed of step S21 +.>Direction of rain drop landing in synthetic scene: />。
Example 4
This example was further optimized on the basis of example 3, and specifically:
in step S3, based on the velocity vector of the rain drop landing, the specific steps for calculating the emissivity of the surface unit material in the scene are as follows:
s31, taking the opposite direction of the velocity vector of the rain drop land calculated in the step S2 as the direction of the tracking ray, and calculating the dry and wet state of each surface unit material in the scene by utilizing the ray tracking technology, wherein the formula of the dry and wet state function of the surface unit material is as follows:
，
if ray tracing is not blocked, then，/>The ground state is moist; on the contrary, let(s)>，The ground state is dry;
s32, calculating the material emissivity according to the state function in the step S31 and combining the rainfall, wherein the material emissivity is as follows:
，
in the method, in the process of the invention,emissivity of water material->And->The emissivity of the materials in dry and wet states are respectively,is a dry-wet state function of the surface unit material.
Example 5
This example was further optimized on the basis of example 4, and specifically:
in step S4, based on the emissivity of the surface unit material in the scene, the specific steps for calculating the material surface temperature are as follows:
s41, calculating the radiation quantity of the atmosphere reaching the ground according to a raindrop attenuation calculation formula in the step S1 when calculating the solar reflection radiation and the atmospheric reflection radiation;
s42, based on a dry and wet state function calculation formula of each surface unit material in the step S3, corresponding thermophysical parameters are read from a material library;
s43, calculating boundary conditions of a heat conduction equation based on an emissivity formula of the surface unit material in the step S3 and the thermophysical parameters in the step S42, wherein the thermophysical parameters are given by a configuration file;
s44, solving a heat balance equation based on the boundary conditions in the step S43, and further calculating the temperature distribution of the scene in the rainy environment.
In one embodiment, in step S5, the specific steps for calculating the scene infrared radiation brightness value are as follows:
s51, establishing an infrared scene calculation model by using a Planckian formula based on the attenuation coefficient in the step S1, the emissivity of the surface unit material in the scene in the step S3 and the material surface temperature in the step S4;
s52, solving the infrared scene calculation model in the step S51, and calculating the infrared radiation brightness of the scene surface in rainy weather.
Example 6
This example was further optimized on the basis of example 4, and specifically:
in step S6, the specific steps for generating the infrared simulation image are as follows:
s61, according to the result of the step S52, the pixels are usedIs used for outputting the infrared simulation image.
Claims (10)
1. The method for calculating the infrared scene numerical value in the rainy environment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, calculating an infrared radiation attenuation coefficient based on rainfall;
s2, calculating a speed vector of the raindrop land based on the scene wind speed;
s3, calculating the emissivity of the surface unit materials in the scene based on the speed vector of the rain drop landing;
s4, calculating the surface temperature of the material based on the emissivity of the surface unit material in the scene;
s5, calculating an infrared radiation brightness value of the scene;
s6, generating an infrared simulation image.
2. The method for calculating an infrared scene value in a post-rain environment according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the specific steps of calculating an infrared radiation attenuation coefficient based on rainfall are as follows:
s11, defining the infrared radiation attenuation coefficient asThe following steps are:
，
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the rain drop particle size spectrum distribution, +.>For particle diameter>Is the extinction cross section of raindrops, < >>As a scattering factor->For absorption of efficiency factors, +.>Is extinction efficiency factor, +>。
3. The method for calculating the infrared scene value in the environment after rain according to claim 2, wherein the raindrop spectrum distribution functions of different rainfall amounts:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is rain intensity, namely rainfall, the unit is +.>；
S12, fitting a raindrop spectrum distribution function related to the rainfall according to the raindrop spectrum distribution functions of different rainfall in the step S11The following are provided:
。
4. the method for calculating the infrared scene value in the environment after rain according to claim 3, wherein,
s13, takingAll particle integration intervals get +.>，/>The raindrop spectrum distribution function regarding the rainfall in step S12 is +.>Substitution of the infrared radiation attenuation coefficient +.>The following formula is obtained:
，
the above equation shows that the attenuation is independent of wavelength, but is a function of the amount of rainfall, so the infrared radiation attenuation coefficient is:
。
5. the method for calculating the infrared scene value in the environment after rain according to claim 4, wherein,is particle complex refractive index +.>And scale parameter->Is calculated from the following formula:
，
，
，
，
in the method, in the process of the invention,measuring the size of the particle size relative to the incident wavelength as a dimension parameter, and measuring the dimensionless size; />Is the incident wavelength; />Is the complex refractive index of the particles, comprising a real part +>And imaginary part->Real part->Representing the scattering, imaginary part +.>Representing absorption of incident radiation.
6. The method for calculating an infrared scene value in a post-rain environment according to claim 5, wherein in step S2, the specific step of calculating a velocity vector of a rain drop based on a scene wind speed is as follows:
s21, according to the wind speed direction in the sceneAnd wind speed size>By the following formula:，/>and->Obtaining the wind speed under the scene coordinate system: />；
S22, recording the average final speed of raindrop dropThe unit is->The calculation formula is as follows:
，
in the middle ofIs rain intensity, namely rainfall, the unit is +.>；/>For acceleration of gravity, get->;
S23, calculating the average final velocity vector of the raindrop falling in the windless state according to the step S22 asReusing wind speed of step S21 +.>Direction of rain drop landing in synthetic scene: />。
7. The method for calculating an infrared scene value in a post-rain environment according to claim 6, wherein in step S3, based on a velocity vector of a rain drop, the specific steps of calculating the emissivity of a surface unit material in a scene are as follows:
s31, taking the opposite direction of the velocity vector of the rain drop land calculated in the step S2 as the direction of the tracking ray, and calculating the dry and wet state of each surface unit material in the scene by utilizing the ray tracking technology, wherein the formula of the dry and wet state function of the surface unit material is as follows:
，
if ray tracing is not blocked, then， />The ground state is moist; on the contrary, let(s)>，The ground state is dry;
s32, calculating the material emissivity according to the state function in the step S31 and combining the rainfall, wherein the material emissivity is as follows:
，
in the method, in the process of the invention,emissivity of water material->And->Emissivity of the materials in dry and wet states respectively, +.>Is a dry-wet state function of the surface unit material.
8. The method for calculating an infrared scene value in a post-rain environment according to claim 7, wherein in step S4, based on the emissivity of the surface unit material in the scene, the specific steps of calculating the material surface temperature are as follows:
s41, calculating the radiation quantity of the atmosphere reaching the ground according to a raindrop attenuation calculation formula in the step S1 when calculating the solar reflection radiation and the atmospheric reflection radiation;
s42, based on a dry and wet state function calculation formula of each surface unit material in the step S3, corresponding thermophysical parameters are read from a material library;
s43, calculating boundary conditions of a heat conduction equation based on an emissivity formula of the surface unit material in the step S3 and the thermophysical parameters in the step S42, wherein the thermophysical parameters are given by a configuration file;
s44, solving a heat balance equation based on the boundary conditions in the step S43, and further calculating the temperature distribution of the scene in the rainy environment.
9. The method for calculating an infrared scene value in a post-rain environment according to claim 8, wherein in step S5, the specific step of calculating an infrared radiation brightness value of a scene is as follows:
s51, establishing an infrared scene calculation model by using a Planckian formula based on the attenuation coefficient in the step S1, the emissivity of the surface unit material in the scene in the step S3 and the material surface temperature in the step S4;
s52, solving the infrared scene calculation model in the step S51, and calculating the infrared radiation brightness of the scene surface in rainy weather.
10. The method for calculating an infrared scene value under a rainy environment according to claim 9, wherein in step S6, the specific step of generating an infrared simulation image is as follows:
s61, according to the result of the step S52, the pixels are usedIs used for outputting the infrared simulation image.
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| CN117875147A (en) * | 2024-03-11 | 2024-04-12 | 杭州经纬信息技术股份有限公司 | Method and system for simulating rain and fog phenomena in real time and storage medium |
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