CN117120074A - sEphB4-HSA融合蛋白作为癌症治疗的一线疗法的用途 - Google Patents
sEphB4-HSA融合蛋白作为癌症治疗的一线疗法的用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本文公开了使用sEphB4‑HSA的方法,sEphB4‑HSA是用于其中目前的疗法无效、导致复发或者由于癌症和相关肿瘤的类型甚至不考虑使用的癌症的有效一线疗法。
Description
技术领域
本公开内容部分提供了包含可溶性肝配蛋白-HSA融合蛋白的组合物和方法及其用途,包括用于治疗癌症的方法。
相关申请
本申请要求2021年3月18日提交的美国临时申请第63/162,691号的权益和优先权,其内容通过引用以其整体特此并入。
序列表
随附的电子提交的文本文件的内容通过引用以其整体并入本文:序列表的计算机可读格式副本(文件名:“VAS-002PC_ST25.txt”;记录日期:2022年3月17日;文件大小:14,127字节)。
背景
目前,尽管已经开发了许多先进的诊断和治疗方法,癌症仍然是全世界死亡的主要原因。在人类中,癌症在原发性遗传事件后通过许多机制建立,这些机制包括但不限于增加的细胞代谢和生长速率、血管生成的刺激从而增加对肿瘤的血液供应以及信号传导途径和肿瘤抑制因子的失调。临床肿瘤学方面有疗效的治疗方案仍然依赖于手术切除、电离辐射和细胞毒性化学疗法的组合。成功治疗和预防癌症的主要障碍在于许多癌症仍然不能对当前的化学疗法和免疫疗法干预有响应的事实,并且许多个体即使在积极治疗后仍遭受复发或死亡。此外,肿瘤可能通过许多机制对抗癌药物产生抵抗性,这些机制包括但不限于药物从细胞中排出,阻止药物与其靶结合的突变的发生,以及与药物靶无关的基因及其蛋白产物中的另外的突变的发生。为了解决这些缺点,药物研发的趋势是开发能够调节癌症中失调的信号传导轴的靶向疗法。现在有许多FDA批准的允许对各种各样临床相关的靶进行治疗性操作的抗体和小分子。
Eph(促红细胞生成素生成性肝癌(Erythropoietin Producing Hepatoma))受体和配体是最大的受体酪氨酸激酶(RTK)家族的一部分。根据序列同源性和对两种不同类型的膜锚定肝配蛋白配体(ephrin ligand)的结合亲和力,该家族被细分为A类和B类。每种Eph受体和配体可以与多于一种配体和受体结合,并且某些受体被假设为推定的肿瘤抑制因子,而其他受体被假设为肿瘤促进因子(Vaught等人Breast Cancer Res,10(6):217-224,2008)。肝配蛋白B2及其高亲和力同源受体EphB4是在肿瘤血管中诱导并调节免疫细胞迁移的跨膜蛋白。抑制肝配蛋白B2-EphB4相互作用对体外和离体肿瘤细胞增殖有直接抑制作用。
概述
在一些方面,本公开内容涉及一种用于治疗癌症的方法,该方法包括向有相应需要的患者施用有效量的抑制EphB4或肝配蛋白B2介导的功能的多肽剂,其中所述多肽剂用作治疗中的一线疗法。
在一些方面,本公开涉及抑制EphB4或肝配蛋白B2介导的功能的多肽剂在制备用作治疗癌症的一线疗法的药物中的用途。在实施方案中,癌症选自但不限于头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)、肝细胞癌(HCC)、Kras突变型非小细胞肺腺癌和卡波西肉瘤(KS)。
在实施方案中,受试者先前对用抗癌疗法治疗有响应,但是在疗法停止后遭受复发(下文称为“复发性癌症”)。在实施方案中,受试者患有抵抗性或难治性癌症。在实施方案中,癌症是基于铂的化学疗法难治的。在实施方案中,癌症是免疫疗法治疗难治的。在实施方案中,癌症用化疗剂治疗是难治的。在实施方案中,癌症是使用针对特定肿瘤抗原的耗竭性抗体治疗难治的。在实施方案中,癌症是使用针对共刺激分子或共抑制分子(免疫检查点)的激动性、拮抗性或阻断性抗体治疗难治的。在实施方案中,癌症是用包含针对特定肿瘤抗原的耗竭性抗体和细胞毒性剂的免疫缀合物、抗体-药物缀合物(ADC)或融合分子靶向治疗难治的。在实施方案中,癌症是用小分子激酶抑制剂靶向治疗难治的。在实施方案中,癌症是使用手术治疗难治的。在实施方案中,癌症是使用干细胞移植治疗难治的。在实施方案中,癌症是使用放射治疗难治的。在实施方案中,癌症是组合治疗难治的,组合治疗包括例如以下的两种或更多种:免疫疗法治疗、用基于铂的化疗剂治疗、用肿瘤抗原特异性耗竭性抗体治疗、用包含肿瘤抗原特异性耗竭性抗体和细胞毒性剂的免疫缀合物、ADC或融合分子治疗、用小分子激酶抑制剂靶向治疗、使用手术的治疗、使用干细胞移植的治疗和使用放射的治疗。在实施方案中,受试者患有某种形式的癌症,对于这种癌症已确定甚至不考虑使用多种抗癌疗法。
在实施方案中,该用途涉及治疗受试者的头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)的方法,该方法包括向受试者施用治疗有效量的sEphB4-HSA多肽作为一线疗法。在实施方案中,HNSCC是使用基于铂的化学疗法和/或放射疗法的治疗难治的。在实施方案中,HNSCC是使用检查点抑制剂的治疗难治的。在实施方案中,受试者患有复发的HNSCC。
在实施方案中,该用途涉及治疗受试者的肝细胞癌(HCC)的方法,该方法包括向受试者施用治疗有效量的sEphB4-HSA多肽作为一线疗法。在实施方案中,HCC是使用基于铂的化学疗法和/或放射疗法的治疗难治的。在实施方案中,HCC是使用检查点抑制剂的治疗难治的。在实施方案中,受试者患有复发的HCC。
在实施方案中,该用途涉及治疗受试者的Kras突变型非小细胞肺腺癌的方法,该方法包括向受试者施用治疗有效量的sEphB4-HSA多肽作为一线疗法。在实施方案中,检查点抑制剂是PD-1抑制剂。在实施方案中,腺癌是使用基于铂的化学疗法和/或放射疗法的治疗难治的。在实施方案中,腺癌是使用检查点抑制剂的治疗难治的。在实施方案中,受试者患有复发的腺癌。
在实施方案中,该用途涉及治疗受试者的卡波西肉瘤(KS)的方法,该方法包括向受试者施用治疗有效量的sEphB4-HSA多肽作为一线疗法。在实施方案中,KS是使用基于铂的化学疗法和/或放射疗法的治疗难治的。在实施方案中,KS是使用检查点抑制剂的治疗难治的。在实施方案中,受试者患有复发的KS。
在实施方案中,与白蛋白融合的EphB4的可溶性细胞外片段(sEphB4-HSA)阻断肝配蛋白-B2和EphB4之间的相互作用,并阻断双向信号传导,从而促进免疫细胞迁移,并在各种癌症中诱导抗肿瘤免疫应答。因此,本公开内容在实施方案中提供了用于治疗各种癌症的肝配蛋白B2-EphB4抑制剂“sEphB4-HSA”(与人血清白蛋白融合的EphB4酪氨酸激酶受体的可溶性细胞外片段)。sEphB4-HSA由与人血清白蛋白(HSA)同框(in frame)融合的人EphB4受体(sEphB4)的细胞外结构域组成。这种与HSA的融合增强了sEphB4的药代动力学。sEphB4-HSA与EphB4酪氨酸激酶受体的配体:跨膜蛋白肝配蛋白-B2结合。通过这种结合,sEphB4-HSA阻断内源性EphB酪氨酸激酶受体与肝配蛋白B2相互作用。数据表明,sEphB4-HSA减少肿瘤中的血管生成——从而使肿瘤缺乏血液,并抑制肝配蛋白B2抑制T细胞募集到肿瘤中的能力——从而增加T细胞募集。
在实施方案中,用于在治疗癌症中使用的sEphB4多肽剂还包括使用抗EGFR抗体或其抗体片段或紫杉烷。在一些方面,包含可溶性EphB4-HSA融合蛋白(sEphB4-HSA)和抗EGFR抗体或其片段的组合物用于在治疗癌症中使用。在实施方案中,抗EGFR抗体是西妥昔单抗。
在实施方案中,本方法提供了与紫杉烷,任选地紫杉醇(TAXOL)或多西他赛(TAXOTERE)的组合疗法。在实施方案中,本方法提供了与抗EGFR抗体(任选的西妥昔单抗)的组合疗法。
本文提供的数据示出,sEphB4-HSA有可能成为其中目前的疗法无效、导致复发或者由于癌症和相关肿瘤的类型甚至不考虑使用的许多癌症的有效一线疗法。
附图简述
图1描绘了每周用10mg/kg sEphB4-HSA治疗的患有扁桃体SCC的患者的扫描。扫描示出了在疗法的第8周的部分响应和在第16周没有肿瘤迹象。
图2描绘了每周用10mg/kg sEphB4-HSA治疗的患有喉SCC患者的扫描。扫描示出了在疗法的第8周的部分响应。
图3描绘了每周用10mg/kg sEphB4-HSA治疗的患有扁桃体SCC(HPV-)的患者的扫描。扫描示出了在疗法的第8周的部分响应和在第16周没有肿瘤迹象。患者在有响应时退出研究,并疾病稳定。
图4描绘了每周用10mg/kg sEphB4-HSA治疗的患有肝癌(HCC)的患者的扫描。扫描示出了在疗法的第16周的部分响应和在第周没有肿瘤迹象。患者在停止疗法后8+个月保持无疾病。
图5描绘了每周用10mg/kg sEphB4-HSA治疗的患有肝癌(HCC)的患者的扫描。扫描示出了在疗法的第16周的部分响应。在从加入研究开始18+个月,患者保持治疗并疾病稳定。
图6描绘了患有Kras突变型多灶性腺癌肺和脑转移的患者的扫描,该患者在从先前的颅照射治疗进展后,每周用10mg/kg sEphB4-HSA治疗,并且随后用卡铂、紫杉醇、安维汀治疗3个周期。在从sEphB4-HSA疗法开始的11+个月,患者疾病稳定。
图7描绘了每周用10mg/kg sEphB4-HSA治疗的患有卡波西肉瘤(KS)的患者的照片。患者肿瘤完全消退,并且腿水肿完全消退。
图8描绘了新诊断的并用含sEphB4-白蛋白融合蛋白的方案治疗的晚期膀胱癌的总存活率的图形表示。
图9描绘了肌肉浸润性膀胱癌的新辅助疗法方案的图形表示,该方案含有sEphB4-白蛋白,不含化学疗法。
图10描绘了体内自发性乳腺肿瘤小鼠模型(MMTV-neu/Her2)对sEphB4-HSA处理的响应。小鼠经由IP注射以7.5mg/kg的剂量处理五周,每周三次。分析肿瘤组织的Her2/ERBB2总蛋白表达和磷酸化。分析肺的转移。
图11描绘了ERBB2外显子20重复对sEphB4疗法的典型响应。
图12描绘了说明EphB4如何结合和稳定EGFR的蛋白印迹分析。EphB4结合EGFR;EphB4敲除降低EGFR;EphB4增加EGFR。
图13描绘了sEphB4-HSA和EGFR抗体的体内效力研究。用sEphB4+抗EGFR抗体(西妥昔单抗)处理的第42天的对照小鼠说明了协同效应。
图14描绘了人类患者(JG 64F)的胆管癌的体内肿瘤消退。sEpHB4-HSA治疗以15mg/kg Q2 wk提供持续15个月。自开始sEphB4-HSA治疗以来,患者存活24+个月。
图15A-图15F经由热图描绘了EphB4表达赋予Kras突变的细胞生长优势,指示mRNA介导的酪氨酸激酶敲低对细胞系的影响(图15A),Kras耗竭对6种细胞系的影响(图15B),EphB4对Kras介导的细胞系的影响(图15C)。Kras以剂量依赖性方式增强EphB4蛋白(图15D),肿瘤组织中EphB4及其配体肝配蛋白B2都增加(图15E),并且也观察到肿瘤中EphB4和肝配蛋白B2的过表达(图15F)。
图16A-图16D描绘了EphB4的基因消除增加了Kras突变型小鼠的存活率,其中突变体在cre介导的重组之后在ephB4基因中产生过早终止密码子(图16A)和EphB4重排(图16B)。图16C示出K14KB4(n=9)小鼠具有显著更少的肿瘤生长和延长的存活。AdKPB4中肺腺癌的癌变显著降低(图16D)。
图17A-图17D描绘了在Kras驱动的肿瘤中敲低EphB4减弱AKT和ERK信号传导的影响。在口腔乳头状瘤中检测到除p-ERK1/2之外的信号传导指示物(图17A),但在EphB4敲除的肺腺癌小鼠的组织中未检测到(图17B)。图17C示出了原位染色和免疫荧光染色,分别示出肿瘤中过表达的EphB4 mRNA和蛋白。图17D示出Ad-Cre小鼠的蛋白表达。
图18A-图18G描绘了EphB4的药理学抑制有效地抑制体内Kras驱动的肿瘤发生。图18A示出了sEphB4处理的肿瘤中EphB4的p-Tyr信号的蛋白印迹。图18B示出了与对照K14K小鼠相比,两个sEphB4处理组的存活率。图18C示出了sEphB4对K14KP的预防治疗对肿瘤发生和存活的影响。图18D示出了Taxol和sEphB4组合处理的影响。图18E和图18F经由TUNEL和Ki67染色图示了sEphB4处理对肿瘤中细胞凋亡和细胞增殖的影响。图18G图示了EphB4处理后P-AKT和P-S6的丰度。
图19A-图19F描绘了EphB4对β-TrCP1介导的Kras泛素化和降解的影响。图19A示出了通过siRNA敲低EphB4降低了内源性Kras蛋白的半衰期。图19B示出了sEphB4处理后K14K小鼠肿瘤中的Kras水平。图19C示出了EphB4的siRNA敲低和EphB4过表达对Kras泛素化的影响。图19D示出了β-TrCP1的siRNA敲低和β-TrCP1过表达对Kras泛素化的影响。图19E示出过表达EphB4对β-TrCP介导的Kras多泛素化的影响的IP/蛋白印迹分析。图19F示出了Kras和β-TrCP1、EphB4和β-TrCP1以及EphB4和Kras之间蛋白-蛋白相互作用的co-IP研究。
图20A-图20F描绘了C-末端EphB4片段的存在调节β-TrCP1连接酶活性,促进Kras的Cys118位置处的单泛素化。图20A示出了在存在或不存在指示的体外转录和翻译的EphB4C-末端片段的情况下,使用从HEK293细胞裂解物免疫沉淀的b-TrCP1-GFP进行体外泛素化的细菌纯化的加His标签的Kras蛋白(野生型、WT或G12V突变型)。孵育2小时后,通过添加上样染料停止反应,并使用指定的抗体进行免疫印迹。图20B示出了鉴定Kras中Cys118泛素化的肽的MS/MS谱。在凝胶内消化中分离的肽在反相柱上分离,并使用Orbitrap XL质谱仪获得碰撞诱导解离谱。图20C示出了对C118单泛素化的重要性的验证,Kras在G12D突变体背景(命名为GC突变体)下的Cys118Ser突变体与WT和G12D(GD)突变体一起进行体外泛素化,如图(a)中描述,并使用指定抗体使用免疫印迹进行处理/分析。图20D示出了在存在和不存在EphB4过表达的情况下不同KRAS(野生型,WT;G12D,GD;C118S、CS和G12D+C118S、GC)突变体的稳态水平。将WT Kras水平视为“1”,使用Image J量化相对条带强度(任意单位)。如上所述,还计算了β-TrCP1的相对条带强度。图20E示出在添加放线酮(CHX,50μg/ml)、存在和不存在EphB4的情况下计算WT、GD、CS和GC Kras突变体的蛋白半衰期。在指定的时间点收集样品,计算条带强度并随时间绘制。图20F示出了一个假设模型,表明EphB4在促进突变Kras过度激活所必需的C118单泛素化中的重要性。EphB4的靶向或C118位点至丝氨酸(S)的遗传修饰可能会削弱突变Kras的致癌活性。
详述
在一些方面,提供了一种治疗癌症的方法,该方法包括向有相应需要的患者施用有效量的抑制EphB4或肝配蛋白B2的多肽剂,例如sEphB4,其中该治疗是一线疗法。
在一些方面,提供了一种治疗癌症的方法,该方法包括向有相应需要的患者施用有效量的抑制EphB4或肝配蛋白B2的多肽剂,例如sEphB4,其中患者没有接受另一种抗癌剂的治疗。
在一些方面,提供了一种抑制EphB4或肝配蛋白B2介导的功能的多肽剂,该多肽剂用于制备用作治疗癌症的一线疗法的药物。在一些方面,提供了一种抑制EphB4或肝配蛋白B2介导的功能的多肽剂,该多肽剂用作治疗癌症的一线疗法。
EphB4-肝配蛋白B2抑制剂
本公开内容的方法包括作为一线疗法,通过施用抑制EphB4或肝配蛋白B2介导的功能的多肽剂来治疗、减少或预防原发性肿瘤生长、或原发性癌症的形成或癌症的转移。
I型受体酪氨酸激酶EphB4和膜定位配体肝配蛋白B2诱导双向信号传导(在受体表达细胞中正向信号传导,在配体表达细胞中反向信号传导)。EphB4属于最大的受体酪氨酸激酶家族,并且据报道,在与肝配蛋白B2配体相互作用时,可调节神经元迁移、骨重塑、血管生成、癌症进展和转移(Pasquale EB,Cell,133:38-52,2008)。EphB4和肝配蛋白B2的表达在绝大多数成年正常组织中下调,甚至在出生后发育早期也是如此,但EphB4在多种上皮癌(包括肺癌、膀胱癌、头颈癌和胰腺癌)中过表达(Ferguson BD等人,Growth Factors,32:202-6,2014)。包括突变Kras和PTEN缺失在内的癌基因诱导EphB4表达。因为EphB4的敲低通过细胞凋亡导致细胞死亡,所以EphB4的表达与分期、分级和存活相关。在若干种癌症类型中报道了配体肝配蛋白B2的过表达和与不良结果的相关性。ICT使肿瘤血管(和肿瘤)中的肝配蛋白B2增加,并且高肝配蛋白B2阻止免疫细胞募集,并从而导致对疗法的抵抗。
抑制EphB4-肝配蛋白B2相互作用对体外和离体肿瘤细胞增殖有直接抑制作用。本发明人先前已经描述了抑制EphB4或肝配蛋白B2介导的功能的多肽剂(参见,例如,US 7,381,410、US 7,862,816、US 7,977,463、US 8,063,183、US 8,273,858、US 8,975,377、US8,981,062、US 9,533,026;为了所有目的,每一项在此通过引用以其整体并入)。sEphB4-HSA是一种由在C末端与白蛋白融合的可溶性EphB4胞外结构域组成的表达为123.3kDa的单个无缝蛋白的完全人类融合蛋白。sEphB4-HSA特异性地结合肝配蛋白B2。在肿瘤模型中对sEphB4-HSA的初步研究显示,T细胞和NK细胞向肿瘤中的迁移增加。这伴随着肿瘤血管中ICAM-1的诱导。ICAM-1是一种促进T细胞和NK细胞附着于内皮的整联蛋白,随后细胞转移到肿瘤中。sEphB4-HSA还显示出通过阻断肿瘤细胞和肿瘤血管中的EphB-肝配蛋白B2相互作用而下调PI3K信号传导。sEphB4-HSA通过下调PI3K途径阻断信号传导并促进免疫细胞向肿瘤中运输并抑制肿瘤细胞中的存活信号。
靶向EphB4-肝配蛋白B2代表了一种经受住临床试验检验的治疗策略。它在多项临床试验中被显示是安全的,毒性极低至无毒性(A.El-Khoueiry BG等人,Eur J Cancer,69,2016),这可能是由于正常组织中的低表达水平。虽然缺乏表明癌症相关免疫应答中EphB4-肝配蛋白B2相互作用的直接证据,但多份报告记录了Eph/肝配蛋白基因家族成员在炎症模型(诸如动脉硬化和伤口愈合)中调节免疫细胞过程(Braun J等人,Arterioscler ThrombVasc Biol,31:297-305,2011;Poitz DM等人,Mol Immunol,68:648-56,2015;Yu G等人,JImmunol,171:106-14,2003;Funk SD等人,Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol,32:686-95,2012)。Eph-肝配蛋白相互作用还被报道调节单核细胞粘附至血管壁跨内皮迁移、T细胞趋化性、活化、增殖和细胞凋亡以及造血细胞从骨髓窦的动员。
在本公开内容的实施方案中,抑制EphB4或肝配蛋白B2介导的功能的多肽剂是EphB4蛋白的单体配体结合部分或肝配蛋白B2蛋白,或结合并影响EphB4或肝配蛋白B2的抗体。在实施方案中,多肽剂是特异性结合肝配蛋白B2多肽并包含EphB4蛋白胞外结构域氨基酸序列的可溶性EphB4(sEphB4)多肽。在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽包含EphB4蛋白的球状结构域。
在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽包含选自以下的序列:与SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列的残基1-522至少90%相同的序列、与SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列的残基1-412至少90%相同的序列、以及与SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列的残基1-312至少90%相同的序列。在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽可以包含包括以下的序列:球状(G)结构域(SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸29-197)和任选的另外的结构域,诸如富含半胱氨酸的结构域(SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸239-321)、第一纤连蛋白3型结构域(SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸324-429)和第二纤连蛋白3型结构域(SEQ IDNO:1的氨基酸434-526)。在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽将包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸1-537。在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽将包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸1-427。在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽将包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸1-326。在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽将包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸1-197、29-197、1-312、29-132、1-321、29-321、1-326、29-326、1-412、29-412、1-427、29-427、1-429、29-429、1-526、29-526、1-537和29-537。在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽将包含SEQID NO:1的氨基酸16-197、16-312、16-321、16-326、16-412、16-427、16-429、16-526。在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽可以是包含与任何前述氨基酸序列至少90%并且任选95%或99%相同的氨基酸序列同时保留肝配蛋白B2结合活性的多肽。在实施方案中,氨基酸序列与SEQ IDNO:1所示序列的任何变异是不超过1个、2个、3个、4个或5个氨基酸的保守改变或缺失,特别是在表面环区域。
在实施方案中,可溶性多肽可以以多聚体形式制备,例如通过表达为Fc融合蛋白或与另一种多聚化结构域融合。
在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽将还包含赋予增加的血清半衰期同时仍然保持肝配蛋白B2结合活性的另外的成分。在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽是单体的并且共价连接到一种或更多种聚氧化烯基团(例如,聚乙烯、聚丙烯)。在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽共价连接到单个聚乙二醇(PEG)基团(以下简称“sEphB4-PEG”)。在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽共价连接到两种、三种或更多种PEG基团。
在实施方案中,一种或更多种PEG可以具有范围为约1kDa至约100kDa、约10kDa至约60kDa和约10kDa至约40kDa的分子量。PEG基团可以是直链PEG或支链PEG。在实施方案中,可溶性单体sEphB4缀合物包含与一种约10kDa至约40kDa或约15kDa至30kDa的PEG基团共价连接的sEphB4多肽(单PEG化EphB4),例如经由sEphB4赖氨酸的s-氨基基团或N-末端氨基基团。在实施方案中,sEphB4在sEphB4赖氨酸的s-氨基基团和N-末端氨基基团中的一个氨基基团处随机PEG化。
在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽与赋予增加的半衰期而不实质减弱肝配蛋白B2结合的第二稳定多肽稳定缔合。在实施方案中,稳定多肽与人类患者(或动物患者,在设想兽医用途的情况下)免疫相容,并且将具有很小的生物活性或没有显著的生物活性。在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽与选自人血清白蛋白(HSA)(以下简称“sEphB4-HSA”)和牛血清白蛋白(BSA)(以下简称“sEphB4-BSA”)的白蛋白共价或非共价缔合。
在实施方案中,共价附接可以通过将sEphB4多肽表达为与人血清白蛋白的共翻译融合体来实现。白蛋白序列可以融合在sEphB4多肽的N-末端、C-末端或非破坏性的内部位置。sEphB4的暴露环将是白蛋白序列插入的合适位置。白蛋白也可以在翻译后通过例如化学交联附接到sEphB4多肽。在实施方案中,sEphB4多肽也可以与多于一种白蛋白多肽稳定缔合。
在实施方案中,sEphB4-HSA融合体抑制肝配蛋白B2和EphB4之间的相互作用、肝配蛋白B2或EphB4的聚集、肝配蛋白B2或EphB4的磷酸化或其组合。在实施方案中,相对于未修饰的野生型多肽,sEphB4-HSA融合体具有增强的体内稳定性。
在实施方案中,sEphB4-HSA包含直接融合到SEQ ID NO:2的残基25-609的SEQ IDNO:1的残基16-197。在实施方案中,sEphB4-HSA包含直接融合到SEQ ID NO:2的残基25-609的SEQ ID NO:1的残基16-312。在实施方案中,sEphB4-HSA包含直接融合到SEQ ID NO:2的残基25-609的SEQ ID NO:1的残基16-321。在实施方案中,sEphB4-HSA包含直接融合到SEQID NO:2的残基25-609的SEQ ID NO:1的残基16-326。在实施方案中,sEphB4-HSA包含直接融合到SEQ ID NO:2的残基25-609的SEQ ID NO:1的残基16-412。在实施方案中,sEphB4-HSA包含直接融合到SEQ ID NO:2的残基25-609的SEQ ID NO:1的残基16-427。在实施方案中,sEphB4-HSA包含直接融合到SEQ ID NO:2的残基25-609的SEQ ID NO:1的残基16-429。在实施方案中,sEphB4-HSA包含直接融合到SEQ ID NO:2的残基25-609的SEQ ID NO:1的残基16-526。在实施方案中,sEphB4-HSA包含直接融合到SEQ ID NO:2的残基25-609的SEQ IDNO:1的残基16-537。
头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)
在实施方案中,本公开内容涉及用于以下的方法和用途:治疗HNSCC,例如作为一线疗法;和/或治疗先前对抗癌疗法治疗有响应,但是在停止疗法后,遭受复发性癌症的受试者;和/或治疗受试者的抵抗性或难治性癌症。
头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)占涉及上呼吸消化道(UADT)的癌症的几乎90%。在美国2005年,口腔癌、咽癌和喉癌预计占癌症发病率的近3%和癌症死亡的2%。全世界每年有约50万新确诊病例。男性受到的影响是女性的两倍多。这些癌症中超过一半涉及口腔。其余的在喉和咽之间平均分配。许多临床试验正在测试免疫疗法在人类癌症包括头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)中的益处。客观响应率为6%-20%(Szturz P等人,BMC Med,15:110,2017;Ferris RL等人,Oral Oncol,81:45-51,2018;Postow MA等人,J Clin Oncol,33:1974-82,2015;Chow LQM等人,J Clin Oncol,34:3838-45,2016;Siu LL等人,JAMA Oncol 2018)并且绝大多数患者表现出对免疫疗法的先天或适应性抵抗。由于对患者的毒性增加且缺乏额外的益处,简单组合更多免疫检查点抑制剂的尝试也被证明是令人失望的(ClinicalTrial No.NCT02205333)。在HNSCC的原位小鼠模型中,我们最近已经展示,即使在用抗PDL1抗体和放射疗法(RT)组合治疗后,肿瘤再生也会发生。(Oweida A等人,Clin Cancer Res,2018;Messenheimer DJ等人,Clin Cancer Res,23:6165-77,2017)。
放射治疗仍然是局部晚期HNSCC患者的最佳治疗(definitive management)的标准护理治疗,并且可以作为免疫治疗的辅助,但响应于RT有一些不良效应,继而损害了免疫治疗剂的功效。RT在后期(修复)阶段无法克服免疫抑制性群体诸如Treg的积累(7)。因此,找到与RT协同并抵消其负面作用的其他治疗对于克服不利副作用、治疗耐药性和肿瘤再生至关重要。
HNSCC的五年生存率很低,并且几十年来尚未改善。此外,患有这种疾病的患者经历严重的病状,包括外形毁损、言语问题、吞咽和呼吸问题。晚期诊断和复发倾向是阻碍改善这些患者预后的挑战。派姆单抗是一种强效且高选择性的IgG4/κ同种型的人源化单克隆抗体(mAb),被设计为直接阻断PD-1与其配体PD-L1和PD-L2之间的相互作用。美国食品和药品管理局(FDA)于2016年8月5日批准了帕博利珠单抗用于治疗一些具有晚期形式头颈癌的患者。该批准是用于具有复发或转移性头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)的患者(尽管采用了标准的化学疗法护理治疗,但仍持续进展)。根据FDA的批准摘要,28例患者(16%)在用帕博利珠单抗治疗后经历肿瘤响应。这些患者中23例(82%)的肿瘤响应持续了6个月或更长时间,并且有几例持续了2年以上。与肿瘤为人类乳头瘤病毒(HPV)阴性的患者相比,肿瘤为HPV阳性的HNSCC患者通常在用化学疗法治疗后具有更佳的结果。根据FDA的批准摘要,在具有HPV阳性肿瘤的患者以及具有HPV阴性肿瘤的患者中均观察到响应(分别为24%和16%)。
复发性、局部晚期或转移性头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)是一种威胁生命的疾病。头颈部鳞状细胞癌是异质性肿瘤,其预后取决于起源部位。两个类别是口腔/咽部和喉部。HPV导致的口咽部肿瘤风险较低,而HPV阴性肿瘤风险较高。2016年,美国诊断出超过48,000例口腔癌和咽癌新病例以及超过13,000例喉癌,其中大约13,000例由于这些癌症而死亡。在最初诊断时,大约18%的患有口腔癌/咽癌的患者和19%的患有喉癌的患者存在远处转移。另外,在最初诊断时,大约47%的患有口腔癌/咽癌的患者和22%的患有喉癌的患者存在区域淋巴结受累(无远处转移);对于患有这样的局部晚期疾病的患者,20%-30%会局部复发,而另外10%-15%预计会发展为远处转移。在大多数临床系列中,患有复发或转移性HNSCC的患者的中位存活期为6-10个月。
局部晚期HNSCC的标准治疗包括联合放疗给予的含铂化学疗法(例如,作为诱导疗法、作为与放疗同步的疗法或作为手术切除后放疗辅助疗法的一部分)。转移性HNSCC的一线化学疗法由多剂含铂化学疗法方案,诸如顺铂或卡铂加5-氟尿嘧啶加西妥昔单抗组成。最近,PD1抗体被批准用于铂和西妥昔单抗失败后的复发或难治性HNSCC患者。单独PD1抗体的响应率为16%,并且DOR范围为2.4+个月至27.7+个月,指示响应持久。然而,对于化学疗法、西妥昔单抗和PD1抗体失败,或经历化学疗法、西妥昔单抗和PD1抗体的不可接受毒性的患者,仍然需要新的疗法。
肝细胞癌(HCC)
在实施方案中,本公开内容涉及用于以下的方法和用途:治疗HCC,例如作为一线疗法;和/或治疗先前对抗癌疗法治疗有响应,但是在停止疗法后,遭受复发性癌症的受试者;和/或治疗受试者的抵抗性或难治性癌症。
肝癌每年造成超过850,000例新的癌症病例,并且这些病例的大约90%是肝细胞癌(HCC)。慢性丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)或乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染是HCC的主要原因。HCC是世界某些地区最常见的癌症,并且也是全球第五常见的癌症。在全球范围内,它是男性癌症死亡的第二大原因,也是女性癌症死亡的第六大原因(参见例如,Parkin D.M.,LancetOncology,2:533-43,2001)。由于HCC通常在临床表现过程中诊断较晚,因此只有10%-15%的患者适合进行治疗性手术。多于一种治疗模式可用于局部疗法,并且包括手术、化学消融、放射消融、化疗栓塞,以及在大量患者群体中进行局部疾病控制。对于大多数HCC患者,全身化学疗法或支持疗法是主要的治疗选择。HCC通常是治疗高度难治的,并且大多数化疗剂显示出有限的有效性,并且不能提高患者的生存率(参见例如,Gish R.G.等人,J.ofClinical Oncology 25:3069-75,2007;Ramanathan R.K.等人,J.of Clinical Oncology24:4010,2006)。
索拉非尼(一种小分子多激酶抑制剂)是第一个被批准用于晚期肝细胞癌的全身疗法。在所选的耐受索拉非尼但在疗法期间病情进展的患者中,另一种多激酶抑制剂瑞戈非尼获得批准,其提供优于安慰剂对照的存活益处(10.6个月对比7.8个月)。最近,阿特珠单抗和贝伐单抗组合作为一线治疗显示出优于索拉非尼的优越性。与索拉非尼臂的13.2个月相比,组合臂在中位随访8.6个月后未达到中位总生存期。组合臂的总响应率为27%,而索拉非尼臂为12%。
最近评估程序性死亡1(PD-1)抗体纳武利尤单抗的研究显示出约10%-20%的响应率。CR的响应持续时间为14-17+个月,PR为<1-8+个月,并且病情稳定(SD)为1.5-17+个月。6个月的总生存(OS)率为72%。纳武利尤单抗展示出可管理的AE概况,并在所有剂量水平和HCC队列中产生了持久的响应,具有良好的6个月OS率。PD-1抗体在二线疗法中也获得加速批准。目前批准的疗法失败的患者需要另外的疗法。
非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)
在实施方案中,本公开内容涉及用于以下的方法和用途:治疗NSCLC,例如作为一线疗法;和/或治疗先前对抗癌疗法治疗有响应,但是在停止疗法后,遭受复发性癌症的受试者;和/或治疗受试者的抵抗性或难治性癌症。
NSCLC是最常见的肺癌类型。鳞状细胞癌、腺癌和大细胞癌都是NSCLC的亚型。NSCLC占所有肺癌的约85%。作为一个类别,与小细胞癌相比,NSCLC对化学疗法相对不敏感。在可能的情况下,它们主要通过治疗目的性手术切除进行治疗,尽管越来越多地在术前(新辅助化学疗法)和术后(辅助化学疗法)均使用化学疗法。在2015年10月2日,FDA批准了帕博利珠单抗用于治疗肿瘤表达PD-L1且其他化疗剂治疗失败的转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者。在2016年10月,帕博利珠单抗成为第一个用于NSCLC一线治疗的免疫疗法,前提是癌症过表达PDL1且癌症没有EGFR或ALK突变;如果已经施用了化学疗法,那么帕博利珠单抗可以用作二线治疗,但如果癌症具有EGFR或ALK突变,则应首先使用靶向这些突变的剂。必须用经验证和批准的伴随诊断进行PDL1的评估。在Keynote-001试验(NTC01295827)中,评估了帕博利珠单抗对程序性细胞死亡1(PD-1)的抑制在晚期非小细胞肺癌患者中的功效和安全性。在所有患者中,客观响应率为19.4%,并且中位值响应持续时间为12.5个月。无进展生存的中位值持续时间为3.7个月,并且总生存的中位值持续时间为12.0个月。至少50%的肿瘤细胞中PD-L1表达被选为区分于训练组的截止值。在验证组的比例评分为至少50%的患者中,响应率为45.2%。在比例评分为至少50%的所有患者中,中位值无进展生存期为6.3个月;未达到中位值总生存期。至少50%的肿瘤细胞中PD-L1表达与提高的帕博利珠单抗疗效相关(Garon等人,N Engl J Med,372:2018-2028,2015)。KRAS-突变型肺腺癌占非小细胞肺癌的30%,表现出高度的异质性,具有新的临床意义。虽然肿瘤异质性可受与KRAS共同发生的遗传和/或表观遗传改变的影响,但异质性肿瘤亚群也可能是不同来源细胞的产物。基于致癌Kras的空间和时间激活的遗传工程化小鼠模型在解决这些问题方面发挥了重要作用。事实上,观察到除了肺之外的大多数组织对KrasG12V致癌信号是抵抗性的,突出了致癌Kras驱动的转化对细胞类型的精确依赖性。
卡波西肉瘤(KS)
在实施方案中,本公开内容涉及用于以下的方法和用途:治疗KS,例如作为一线疗法;和/或治疗先前对抗癌疗法治疗有响应,但是在停止疗法后,遭受复发性癌症的受试者;和/或治疗受试者的抵抗性或难治性癌症。
卡波西肉瘤(KS)是一种血管内皮的多灶性血管增生性紊乱,与卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒(KSHV)(也称为人类疱疹病毒-8(HHV-8))感染相关性最高。KS与许多流行病学和病理生理学因素相关。KS分为四种不同的临床类型:典型的地中海型KS、非洲特有型KS、免疫抑制药物相关型KS和HIV相关型KS。HIV相关型KS(在HIV和AIDS时代之前是罕见疾病)在HIV感染患者中是最常见的恶性肿瘤。KS可以影响很多器官。KS最常表现为皮肤疾病。在许多晚期病例中,KS涉及诸如肺、肝或胃肠道等器官。此时,KS是无法治愈的。可用的治疗是为了缓解。全身化学疗法一般用于具有更晚期疾病或有疾病快速进展迹象的患者。治疗的主要目标是缓解症状、防止疾病进展和减少肿瘤负担,以减轻淋巴水肿、器官损害和心理压力。内脏或晚期皮肤KS的标准疗法包括细胞毒性化学疗法,诸如脂质体蒽环类和紫杉醇。与非脂质体多柔比星、长春新碱和博莱霉素的组合相比,脂质体多柔比星具有更好的功效以及有利的耐受性和毒性,在HIV患者中的总响应率为59%。在经典KS中,对脂质体多柔比星的响应率可以更高。然而,完全响应率并不常见,并且不存在治愈。在这个时间点,尚未完全开发出针对KS的靶向疗法。
在实施方案中,癌症选自但不限于头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)、肝细胞癌(HCC)、Kras突变型非小细胞肺腺癌和卡波西肉瘤(KS)。
在实施方案中,患者先前对用抗癌疗法治疗有响应,但是在停止治疗后遭受复发(下文称为“复发性增生性疾病”)。
在实施方案中,患者具有抵抗性或难治性癌症。在实施方案中,所述癌症是免疫疗法治疗难治的。在实施方案中,所述癌症是用化疗剂治疗难治的。在实施方案中,所述癌症是使用针对特定肿瘤抗原的耗竭性抗体治疗难治的。在实施方案中,所述癌症是使用针对共刺激分子或共抑制分子(免疫检查点)的激动性、拮抗性或阻断性抗体治疗难治的。在实施方案中,所述癌症是用包含针对特定肿瘤抗原的耗竭性抗体和细胞毒性剂的免疫缀合物、抗体-药物缀合物(ADC)或融合分子靶向治疗难治的。在实施方案中,所述癌症是用小分子激酶抑制剂靶向治疗难治的。在实施方案中,所述癌症是包括以下的组合疗法难治的:例如,以下两种或更多种:免疫疗法治疗,使用化疗剂的治疗,使用针对特定肿瘤抗原的耗竭性抗体的治疗,使用针对共刺激分子或共抑制分子(免疫检查点)的激动性、拮抗性或阻断性抗体的治疗,用包含针对特定肿瘤抗原的耗竭性抗体和细胞毒性剂的免疫缀合物、ADC或融合分子的治疗,用小分子激酶抑制剂的靶向治疗,使用手术的治疗,使用干细胞移植的治疗和使用放射的治疗。
膀胱癌
在实施方案中,本公开内容涉及用于以下的方法和用途:治疗膀胱癌,例如作为一线疗法;和/或治疗先前对抗癌疗法治疗有响应,但是在停止疗法后,遭受复发性癌症的受试者;和/或治疗受试者的抵抗性或难治性癌症。
在实施方案中,膀胱癌是新诊断的局部晚期(超出膀胱或引流系统(drainingsystem)、输尿管、肾盂)膀胱和尿路上皮癌。在实施方案中,膀胱癌患者没有接受全身疗法或在新辅助全身化学疗法的12个月内。
在实施方案中,膀胱癌患者不适合接受标准的含顺铂的方案。
在实施方案中,膀胱癌肿瘤在TP53、ARID-1、BAP-1、RAS、PBRM1、PI3K和/或PIK3CA中具有突变。在实施方案中,膀胱癌肿瘤在HER2和/或EGFR2中具有突变。
在实施方案中,膀胱癌是肌肉浸润性膀胱癌。
胆管癌(CCA)
在实施方案中,本公开内容涉及用于以下的方法和用途:治疗CCA,例如作为一线疗法;和/或治疗先前对抗癌疗法治疗有响应,但是在停止疗法后,遭受复发性癌症的受试者;和/或治疗受试者的抵抗性或难治性癌症。
CCA构成了胆管树中出现的一组不同的恶性肿瘤。取决于其起源的解剖部位,CCA分为三种亚型:肝内CCA(iCCA)、肝门周围CCA(pCCA)和远端CCA(dCCA)。作为一个独立的实体考虑,HCC-CCA混合肿瘤是一种罕见类型的肝恶性肿瘤,具有iCCA和HCC两者的共同特征,并表现出侵袭性病程和不良预后。iCCA出现在二级胆管上方,而pCCA和dCCA的解剖学区分点在于胆囊管的插入。pCCA和dCCA也可以统称为‘肝外’(eCCA)。在美国,pCCA是单一最大群体,占所有CCA的大约50%-60%,其次是dCCA(20%-30%)和iCCA(10%-20%)。CCA是仅次于肝细胞癌(HCC)的第二最常见原发性肝脏恶性肿瘤,占所有原发性肝肿瘤的大约15%和胃肠道癌的3%。CCA在早期阶段通常无症状,并且因此常常在疾病已经处于晚期阶段时才被诊断出来,这极大地减少治疗选择,导致预后不良。CCA是一种罕见的癌症,但其发病率(每年每100,000名居民0.3-6例)和死亡率(全球每年每100,000名居民1-6例,不考虑发病率>每100,000名居民6例的特定地区,诸如韩国、中国和泰国)在过去几十年中在全球范围内一直在增加,代表了全球性的健康问题。尽管对CCA的认识、了解、诊断和治疗取得了进步,但在过去十年中,患者预后并没有实质性改善,5年存活率(7%-20%)和切除后的肿瘤复发率仍然令人失望。大胆管iCCA,类似于pCCA和dCCA,显示出KRAS和/或TP53基因的高突变频率。如实施例1-2中所讨论的,具有TP53、ARID-1、BAP-1、RAS、PBRM1、PI3K、PIK3CA突变的肿瘤不阻止对sEphB4-HSA疗法的响应。此外,sEphB4-HSA+抗EGFR(西妥昔单抗)的共施用可以具有协同抗肿瘤作用,特别是在抗EGFR抗体抵抗性癌症中,例如,表面上是由于诸如HER2过表达等因素的癌症。
在实施方案中,CCA患者对顺铂和/或吉西他滨有抵抗性。
用于治疗胆管癌以及其他癌症类型的组合物可以包括sEphB4-HSA融合蛋白和抗EGFR抗体或其抗体片段(例如VHH、纳米抗体、scFv等)的组合施用。在实施方案中,抗EGFR抗体可以是西妥昔单抗,其是单克隆抗体(mAb)。抗体可以是人源化抗体、人类抗体、嵌合抗体以及其它抗体形式。
HER2/EGFR2突变型癌症
在实施方案中,本公开内容涉及用于以下的方法和用途:治疗HER2/EGFR2突变型癌症,例如作为一线疗法;和/或治疗先前对抗癌疗法治疗有响应,但是在停止疗法后,遭受复发性癌症的受试者;和/或治疗受试者的抵抗性或难治性癌症。
在实施方案中,HER2/EGFR2突变型癌症是肺癌、头颈癌或膀胱癌。
在实施方案中,HER2/EGFR2突变型癌症患者的化学疗法和/或激酶抑制剂治疗和/或Her2抗体治疗(例如,包括ADC)失败。
在实施方案中,HER2/EGFR2突变型癌症患者具有外显子20p^772_A775重复Her2突变。在实施方案中,HER2/EGFR2突变型癌症患者在RB1外显子20pL700X、TP53外显子4p.S116fs中具有并发突变。
在实施方案中,HER2/EGFR2突变型癌症患者具有ERBB2外显子17V659E突变。在实施方案中,HER2/EGFR2突变型癌症患者具有并发的PIK3CA E 545K、TP53、外显子5、R158fs和ATM G2891D NF1 E2143突变。
在实施方案中,HER2/EGFR2突变型癌症患者具有ERBB2突变。在实施方案中,HER2/EGFR2突变型癌症患者具有并发的ATM、RICTOR、CCNE1、CDKN18、IRS2、PMS2、TERT和TP53突变。
在实施方案中,EGFR突变型癌症显示高EGFR水平,例如头颈癌、肺癌、结肠癌和膀胱癌。
KRAS突变型癌症
在实施方案中,本公开内容涉及用于以下的方法和用途:治疗kras突变型癌症,例如作为一线疗法;和/或治疗先前对抗癌疗法治疗有响应,但是在停止疗法后,遭受复发性癌症的受试者;和/或治疗受试者的抵抗性或难治性癌症。
在实施方案中,kras突变型癌选自肺癌、结肠直肠癌和胰腺癌。在实施方案中,kras突变型癌症选自胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)和非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)。
在实施方案中,kras突变选自G12C、G12D和G12R。
在实施方案中,本发明方法导致Kras核酸或蛋白水平的降低或抑制。在实施方案中,本发明方法导致Kras蛋白的蛋白水解增加。
在实施方案中,本发明方法导致Kras驱动的肿瘤发生的减少或抑制,例如与未治疗状态相比。
药物组合物
在实施方案中,本发明的多肽治疗剂通常以药物组合物施用,所述药物组合物包含活性治疗剂,即,以及各种其他药学上可接受的组分。(参见Remington'sPharmaceutical Science,15th ed.,Mack Publishing Company,Easton,Pa.,1980)。优选的形式取决于预期的施用模式和治疗应用。取决于所希望的制剂,组合物也可以包括药学上可接受的无毒载体或稀释剂,其被定义为通常用于配制用于动物或人类施用的药物组合物的媒介物。选择稀释剂以便不影响组合物的生物活性。此类稀释剂的实例是蒸馏水、生理磷酸盐缓冲盐水、林格氏溶液、右旋糖溶液和汉克氏溶液。此外,药物组合物或制剂也可以包括其他载体、辅助剂、或无毒的、非治疗性的、非免疫原性的稳定剂等。
在实施方案中,用于治疗原发性或转移性癌症的药物组合物可以通过肠胃外、表面(topical)、静脉内、瘤内、口服、皮下、动脉内、颅内、腹膜内、鼻内或肌内方式施用。
对于肠胃外施用,本公开内容的药物组合物可以以该物质在生理上可接受的稀释剂(具有可以是无菌液体诸如水、油、盐水、甘油或乙醇的药物载体)中的溶液或悬浮液的可注射剂量施用。此外,组合物中可以存在辅助物质,诸如润湿剂或乳化剂、表面活性剂、pH缓冲物质等。药物组合物的其它组分是石油、动物、植物或合成来源的组分,例如花生油、大豆油和矿物油。通常,二醇诸如丙二醇或聚乙二醇是优选的液体载体,特别是对于可注射溶液。抗体和/或多肽可以以贮库注射剂(depot injection)或植入制剂的形式施用,所述贮库注射剂或植入制剂可以以允许活性成分持续释放的方式配制。通常,药物组合物以液体溶液或悬浮液制备为可注射剂;也可以制备为适于在注射之前在液体媒介物中形成溶液或悬浮液的固体形式。如以上讨论的,制剂也可以被乳化或包封在脂质体或微粒(诸如用于增强辅助作用的聚乳酸、聚乙交酯或共聚物)中。Langer,Science 249:1527,1990和Hanes,Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 28:97-119,1997。本公开内容的多肽剂可以以贮库注射剂或植入制剂的形式施用,所述贮库注射剂或植入制剂可以以允许活性成分持续释放的方式配制。
适用于其他施用模式的另外的制剂包括口服、鼻内和肺部制剂、栓剂和透皮应用。
在实施方案中,本公开内容的方法包括向需要治疗的患者施用治疗有效量或有效剂量的本公开内容的sEphB4-HSA多肽。在实施方案中,本公开内容的多肽的有效剂量(例如用于治疗本文所述的原发性或转移性癌症)取决于许多不同的因素而变化,所述因素包括施用方式、靶位点、患者的生理状态、患者是人类还是动物、施用的其他药物,以及治疗是预防性的还是治疗性的。通常,患者是人类,但也可以治疗包括转基因哺乳动物在内的非人类哺乳动物。治疗剂量需要进行滴定以优化安全性和有效性。
在实施方案中,剂量的范围可以是0.0001至100mg/kg宿主体重,并且更通常是0.01至10mg/kg宿主体重。例如,剂量可以是1mg/kg体重或10mg/kg体重或在1mg/kg-10mg/kg的范围内。在实施方案中,向患者施用的多肽剂量选自以下:约0.5mg/kg、约1.0mg/kg、约1.5mg/kg、约2.0mg/kg、约2.5mg/kg、约3.0mg/kg、约3.5mg/kg、约4.0mg/kg、约4.5mg/kg、约5.0mg/kg、约6.0mg/kg、约7.0mg/kg、约8.0mg/kg、约9.0mg/kg和约10.0mg/kg。在实施方案中,治疗方案需要每周施用一次。在实施方案中,治疗方案需要每两周施用一次或每月施用一次或每3至6个月施用一次。本公开内容的治疗实体通常以多于一次施用。单个剂量之间的间隔可以是每周、每两周、每月或每年。间隔也可以是不规律的,如通过测量患者体内治疗实体的血液水平来指示。可选地,本公开内容的治疗实体可以以缓释制剂施用,在这种情况下需要较少频率的施用。剂量和频率取决于多肽在患者体内的半衰期而变化。
本文描述的多肽的毒性可在细胞培养物或实验动物中通过标准制药学程序确定,例如,通过确定LD50(使群体的50%死亡的剂量)或LD100(使群体的100%死亡的剂量)。毒性作用和治疗作用之间的剂量比率为治疗指数。从细胞培养测定和动物研究获得的数据可以用于规划对在人类中使用无毒性的剂量范围。本文描述的多肽的剂量优选地在包含有效的剂量而毒性很小或无毒性的循环浓度的范围内。剂量可以取决于所使用的剂型和利用的施用途径而在该范围内变动。确切的制剂、施用途径和剂量可以由专科医师根据患者的状况进行选择。(参见例如,Fingl等人,1975,The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics中的第一章)。
在实施方案中,所述方法包括一种或更多种选自以下的另外的抗癌疗法:免疫疗法、化学疗法、使用针对特定肿瘤抗原的耗竭性抗体的靶向治疗、使用针对共刺激分子或共抑制分子(免疫检查点)的激动性、拮抗性或阻断性抗体的靶向治疗、用包含针对特定肿瘤抗原的耗竭性抗体和细胞毒性剂的免疫缀合物、ADC或融合分子的靶向治疗、小分子激酶抑制剂靶向疗法、手术、放射疗法以及干细胞移植。组合可以是协同的。组合可以提高抗癌疗法的治疗指数。
在实施方案中,免疫疗法选自以下:使用针对共刺激分子或共抑制分子(免疫检查点)诸如PD-1、PD-L1、PD-L2、CTLA-4、OX-40、CD137、GITR、LAG3、TIM-3和VISTA的激动性、拮抗性或阻断性抗体的治疗;使用双特异性T细胞接合抗体诸如博纳吐单抗的治疗;涉及施用生物响应调节因子诸如IL-2、IL-12、IL-15、IL-21、GM-CSF、和IFN-α、IFN-β和IFN-γ的治疗;使用治疗性疫苗诸如sipuleucel-T的治疗;使用树突细胞疫苗或肿瘤抗原肽疫苗的治疗;使用嵌合抗原受体(CAR)-T细胞的治疗;使用CAR-NK细胞的治疗;使用肿瘤浸润性淋巴细胞(TIL)的治疗;使用过继性转移的抗肿瘤T细胞(离体扩增和/或TCR转基因的)的治疗;使用TALL-104细胞的治疗;以及使用免疫刺激剂诸如Toll样受体(TLR)激动剂CpG和咪喹莫特的治疗。在实施方案中,免疫疗法选自以下:使用针对共刺激分子或共抑制分子的激动性、拮抗性或阻断性抗体的治疗;使用嵌合抗原受体(CAR)-T细胞的治疗;使用CAR-NK细胞的治疗;和使用双特异性T细胞接合抗体/>的治疗。在实施方案中,免疫疗法是使用针对共刺激分子或共抑制分子的激动性、拮抗性或阻断性抗体的治疗。在实施方案中,免疫疗法是使用嵌合抗原受体(CAR)-T细胞的治疗。在实施方案中,免疫疗法是使用CAR-NK细胞的治疗。在实施方案中,免疫疗法是使用双特异性T细胞接合抗体/>的治疗。
根据组合疗法的性质,本公开内容的多肽治疗剂的施用可以在施用其他疗法同时和/或之后继续进行。多肽治疗剂可以在另外的抗癌疗法之前、同时或之后施用,通常在至少约1周、至少约5天、至少约3天、至少约1天内施用。多肽治疗剂可以以单剂量递送,或者可以分成多于一个剂量,例如在一定时间段内(包括每日、每两日、每半周、每周等)递送。有效剂量将随着施用途径、特定的剂、抗癌药剂的剂量等而变化,并且可以由本领域技术人员凭经验确定。
提供以下实施例来更详细地描述本公开内容。
实施例
实施例1:头颈部SCC的sEphB4-HSA单一疗法的I/II期试验
在这项研究中,积累了18例HNSCC患者,包括剂量递增队列中的7例和扩大队列中的11例。8例患者为HPV阴性,并且10例患者为HPV阳性。一例腮腺腺囊性癌患者被从分析排除。一例患者在疗法的前三周内退出。
评价了16例患者的响应。患者每周静脉内接受sEphB4-HSA 10 mg/kg。15例患者先前接受过治疗性放疗和化学疗法。10例患者在诊断或复发时接受了手术。所有患者都接受了针对复发的HNSCC的化学疗法。之前的全身疗法范围为2至6种不同的方案。另外,12例患者先前接受过西妥昔单抗,并且1例患者接受过PD1抗体。结果在下表1和图1、图2和图3中呈现。
表1:患者响应;CR(完全响应)、PR(部分响应)、MR(混合响应)、SD(疾病稳定)、PD
(疾病进展)。
响应 | 总共 | HPV阴性 | HPV阳性 |
研究中的患者 | 18 | 8 | 10 |
CR/PR/MR | 2(PR)1(MR) | 3 | 0 |
肿瘤消退 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
SD(4个月或更长) | 5 | 2 | 3 |
PD | 6 | 3 | 3 |
提早退出 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
这些患者中的总体响应为PR 2例,肿瘤消退2例,混合响应1例,观察到疾病稳定超过4个月5例。6例患者疾病进展。在有响应的患者中,一例进行了活检,没有存活的肿瘤的证据(图1)。一例患者在10个月后决定停止疗法,并在接下来的16个月内保持无疾病状态。图2描绘了每周用10 mg/kg sEphB4-HSA治疗的患有喉SCC患者的扫描。扫描示出了在疗法的第8周的部分响应。
显示出肿瘤响应或疾病控制的患者的实例描绘在图1、图2、和图3以及表2-4中。
表2:患者:EH 07 76F肿瘤:扁桃体SCC.分化良好.角质化.
方案编号 | 治疗(历史) | 最佳总体响应 |
1 | RT+化疗.顺铂或Taxol+卡铂 | CR |
2 | Tarceva | PR |
表3:患者:AC 69M肿瘤:喉SCC.
方案编号 | 治疗(历史) | 最佳总体响应 |
1 | 放疗/化疗 | 11个月后鼻咽部复发 |
2 | 手术,卡铂,5FU,Erbitux | 4个月内PD |
3 | 紫杉醇 | 7个月内PD |
表4:患者:RP 61M肿瘤:扁桃体SCC(HPV-)分化差.未角质化.sEphB4-HSA(每周55mg/kg-4个周期/4个月)。
方案编号 | 治疗(历史) | 最佳总体响应 |
1 | RT+顺铂+taxotere+5FU | PR,2个月 |
2 | Erbitux | 接近CR,5个月 |
3 | 手术-双侧颈清扫术 | CR |
4 | Erbitux | 4个月,转移至腹部淋巴结和肺 |
5 | 卡铂+Taxol | 初始PR,5个月内PD |
本研究显示,sEphB4-HSA作为单一剂对复发的难治性HNSCC具有活性,并表明sEphB4-HSA可以用作治疗HNSCC的一线疗法。
实施例2:肝细胞癌的sEphB4-HSA单一疗法
我们研究了组织学证实为晚期肝细胞癌的HCC队列(≥18岁)。先前用索拉非尼和/或PD1抗体治疗的患者符合条件。主要终点是安全性和耐受性以及客观响应率(实体瘤(Solid Tumors)1.1版中的响应评价标准)、响应的持续时间、疾病稳定的持续时间和进展时间。患者每周静脉内接受sEphB4-HSA 10mg/kg。本研究积累了15例符合条件的患者。大多数患者是亚洲男性,并且大多数具有1的ECOG表现状态。所有患者先前都用全身疗法治疗,PD1抗体治疗10例、Nexavar治疗9例、手术治疗6例、和放疗5例。大多数患者进行了2种或更多种先前方案。迄今为止,客观响应率为15例患者中1例(7%),并且8例患者疾病稳定超过4个月(2例患者疾病稳定超过20+个月)。总之,sEphB4-HSA可以安全地长期给予。3级毒性包括1例疲劳、1例恶心、1例中性粒细胞减少和6例高血压。5例高血压需要剂量减少。Nexavar和PD-1失败后的持久客观响应和长期疾病稳定支持作为单一剂和与PD-1抗体组合的开发。
表5:HCC响应概述。
响应 | (N=15) |
客观响应 | |
PR/CR | 1 |
疾病稳定 | 8 |
(肿瘤消退) | (4) |
疾病进展 | 6 |
具有疾病稳定的疾病控制 | 8 |
>6个月 | 4 |
表6:HCC响应患者持续时间.
表7:HCC患者疾病控制。
在所有患者中,8例患者疾病稳定持续4个月或更长,并且2例患者超过20个月。在7例患者(47%)中观察到3/4级治疗相关不良事件,其中6例为高血压。两例患者需要减少剂量。没有患者具有任何来自高血压的并发症。
一例79岁的患有HCV相关HCC的女性患者(FN),先前用TACE治疗15个月,该TACE治疗提供了部分缓解。然后用PD1抗体治疗她,并在5个月后进展。然后,用sEphB4-HSA治疗她11个月,并具有两个小的残留结节,用立体定向放射疗法治疗。目前,患者停止疗法后8+个月(或从加入初始研究开始22+个月)保持无疾病(图4)。
表8:患者:FN 79F肿瘤:HCC
另一例患有HCV相关HCC的男性患者(BW),先前用TACE治疗,疾病稳定7个月。然后,他接受了PD1抗体,肿瘤消退。他随后具有疾病进展,包括肺转移。他在18个月的持续时间保持PD1抗体治疗,而在前8个月后疾病进展缓慢。他已经用sEphB4-HSA治疗,持续20+个月疾病稳定。第三例患有HCV的患者(TN)接受了肝移植并具有复发性HCC。他过去接受过Nexavar、TACE、Gemzar、奥沙利铂和钇-90。他疾病稳定8个月(图5)。
表9:患者:BW 66M肿瘤:HCC
该2期研究显示,在Nexavar和PD1抗体失败后,用sEphB4-HSA治疗导致肿瘤消退和持久的疾病控制,并提供改善的响应、响应持续时间和存活率,并表明sEphB4-HSA可以用作治疗HCC的一线疗法。
实施例3:Kras突变型非小细胞肺腺癌的sEphB4-HSA单一疗法
在单一剂sEphB4-HSA试验中评价了Kras突变型腺癌肺患者的队列。如果患者之前被诊断为KRAS突变型肺癌,先前疗法失败,并且具有疾病进展的证据,则被纳入。积累了9例患者。9例患者中有2例在疗法的4周内退出研究,并且因此未评价响应。患者的总结也包括在临床总结数据中。这五个病例中的每一个都总结如下:
患者AC:Kras突变型多灶性腺癌肺和脑转移。患者用颅照射治疗,并且随后用卡铂、紫杉醇、安维汀治疗3个周期。患者不耐受,并在7个月内进展。患者用sEphB4-HSA治疗,并疾病稳定11个月(图6)。
表10:患者AC治疗概述。
治疗 | 安维汀;紫杉醇;卡铂 | sEphB4-HSA |
结果 | SD 7个月 | SD 11个月 |
患者TC:Kras突变型右上肺腺癌,接受Alimta和卡铂,在10个月后进展。然后,他接受纳米球多西他赛6个月,疾病稳定,接受Taxotere 4个月,疾病进展。他接受sEphB4-HSA,右肩疼痛消退,并且疾病稳定8个月。
表11:患者TC治疗概述。
治疗 | Alimta;卡铂 | 纳米taxotere | Taxotere | sEphB4-HSA |
结果 | 10mo | 6mo | 4mo | 8mo |
患者PS:Kras突变型肺癌,用Alimta卡铂和安维汀治疗6个周期,随后用Alimta维持治疗总共21个月。复发时,他用taxotere治疗8个月,安维汀治疗,疾病进展,对Novelbine和安维汀不耐受,单独安维汀治疗,疾病进展,依托泊苷加顺铂吉西他滨治疗,疾病进展。然后,他接受吉西他滨加安维汀持续6个月。他参加了sEphB4-HSA试验,疾病进展。他疾病稳定4个月。
表12:患者PS治疗概述。
患者JC:患有右上肺Kras突变型中度分化腺癌的76岁女性,接受手术,以及辅助顺铂和Alimta治疗4个周期。患者疾病进展。肿瘤是PD-L1阳性(70%),因此参加了帕博利珠单抗试验。3个月后肿瘤进展。她被安排在sEphB4-HSA试验中,并且病情稳定了4个月。
表13:患者JC治疗概述。
治疗 | 手术 | 辅助alimta;顺铂 | 帕博利珠单抗 | sEphB4-HSA |
结果 | 3mo | 3mo | 4mo |
患者HW:Kras突变型肺癌患者,接受了安维汀、Alimta和卡铂。患者在6个月后进展,并被纳入了sEphB4-HSA试验。患者疾病稳定32周。
表14:患者HW治疗概述。
治疗 | 安维汀;Alimta;卡铂 | sEphB4-HSA |
结果 | 6mo | 8mo |
在9例中的7例可评估响应的患者中,5例患者分别显示出EphB4-HSA单一疗法疾病稳定持续11个月、8个月、8个月、4个月和4个月。
实施例4:卡波西肉瘤的sEphB4-HSA单一疗法
研究了3例患有KS的患者。两人具有HIV,并且一人为HIV阴性。这三例患者先前都用多于一种先前疗法治疗。两例接受过六次先前疗法的HIV KS患者中的一例患有晚期腿部疾病和广泛的长期存在的相关水肿(在三次先前疗法中没有完全消退)。
另一例患者先前用细胞毒性化学疗法和多于一种研究剂治疗。他被安排sEphB4-HSA治疗。他肿瘤完全消退,并且腿水肿完全消退(图7)。他持续缓解超过两年。治疗频率已降至10mg/kg Q2周,持续缓解超过6个月。基于临床前、肿瘤中的靶表达和临床响应,通过NCI-CTEP-AMC(AIDS Malignancy Consortium)正在进行II期试验。
表15:治疗方案与最佳响应概述。
方案 | 治疗 | 最佳响应 |
1 | IM862 | PD |
2 | 病灶内长春碱 | PR |
3 | DaunoXome | PR |
4 | Taxotere | PR |
5 | Veglin | PR |
6 | 紫杉醇Taxol | PR |
实施例5:sEphB4-HSA膀胱癌一线或前线疗法
晚期疾病:在使用全身疗法前或新辅助全身化学疗法12个月内新诊断的局部晚期(超出膀胱或引流系统、输尿管、肾盂)膀胱和尿路上皮癌(图8)。8例患者不适合接受标准的含顺铂方案,并且因此具有非常低的存活率。10例患者用每周10mg/kg的含sEphB4-白蛋白方案治疗,没有细胞毒性化学疗法,诸如顺铂、卡铂、吉西他滨、氨甲蝶呤。六例患者完成了前六周的疗法,并经历了一次或更多次放射学方法(计算机断层扫描)的肿瘤评价。六例患者中的每一例都具有由RECIST响应标准(1.0版)定义的响应。此外,六例患者中的每一例都实现了完全缓解。此外,在4个月至16个月的随访后,没有患者复发。两例在前3周内因无关原因停止疗法的患者死亡。八例患者存活。
具有TP53、ARID-1、BAP-1、RAS、PBRM1、PI3K、PIK3CA突变的肿瘤不阻止对疗法的响应。
标准护理化学疗法包括通常与吉西他滨组合的顺铂。最佳治疗方案在约40%的病例中提供了总体响应,无进展存活期为6-7个月,并且总体中位存活期大约为16个月。不能接受顺铂的患者(通常为40%-60%)具有差得多的预后。
实施例6:肌肉浸润性膀胱癌
图8描绘了新诊断的并用含sEphB4-白蛋白融合蛋白的方案治疗的晚期膀胱癌的总存活率的图形表示。
新诊断的患有膀胱癌的患者接受了标准护理顺铂-吉西他滨化学疗法,在治疗性手术(根治性膀胱切除术)时提供了近30%的病理性完全缓解,预示着长期无病存活期。复发的中位时间为约14-17个月。我们治疗了17例患有新诊断的肌肉浸润性膀胱癌的患者,并用sEphB4-白蛋白融合蛋白治疗(图9)。在表达药物靶肝配蛋白B2的10例患者中,病理性完全缓解率为70%。最长随访36个月,这7例患者均未复发。此外,两例拒绝膀胱切除术的患者在超过2年的随访后仍然没有疾病,表明在生物标志物阳性膀胱癌患者中可以实现器官保留。这些结果非常出乎意料。此外,7例生物标志物肝配蛋白B2阴性患者,在多至36个月的随访后,没有一例患者复发,而只有2例患者实现了病理性完全缓解。这些数据表明,肝配蛋白B2可能在疗法期间被诱导,导致生物学益处,甚至产生记忆响应。
实施例7:肌肉非浸润性膀胱癌或浅表癌
生物标志物阳性患者肿瘤,诸如肌肉浸润性膀胱癌,甚至更有可能获得持久的响应,其肿瘤对免疫疗法的响应大于肌肉浸润性和转移性膀胱癌。值得注意的是,BCG对肌肉非浸润性膀胱癌具有高度活性。不同器官(肺、头颈部、膀胱)的HER2/EGFR2突变型癌症和Her2突变型肿瘤是无法治愈的。标准疗法包括化学疗法、激酶抑制剂和Her2抗体药物缀合物。这些疗法在部分患者群体中产生了部分响应。
Her2与EphB4定位于细胞膜中。Her2诱导EphB4。针对Her2的抗体降低EphB4水平。研究显示,EphB4调节Her2下游信号传导和磷酸化。首先,我们研究了Her2转基因小鼠,正如预期的,它们具有高EphB4表达。用可溶性EphB4处理转基因小鼠阻断了肿瘤形成和转移,包括肺(图10)。小鼠经由IP注射以每周三次7.5mg/kg的剂量处理五周。分析肿瘤组织的Her2/ERBB2总蛋白和蛋白磷酸化。经由荧光共聚焦显微术染色分析,组织分析显示Her2磷酸化减少。因此,我们在化学疗法失败后处理了Her2过表达肿瘤。观察到快速且通常完全缓解,并具有长持久性。小鼠中的sEphB4-HSA处理显示肿瘤体积的统计学显著(p=0.005)减少,以及每只小鼠的肿瘤负荷的显著(p<0.005)减少。在sEphB4-HSA处理后,观察到每只小鼠的平均肿瘤数量的统计学显著性降低(p<0.01)。另外,观察到的肺转移的量大大减少。
在人类中,Her2突变型肿瘤提出了甚至更大的挑战。我们治疗了患有Her2突变型癌症的在标准护理化学疗法和激酶抑制剂失败后的患者。这种疾病状态代表了未满足的需求。我们治疗了5例具有Her2突变的患者,包括外显子20p^772_A775重复,对疗法具有抵抗性,RB1外显子20pL700X,TP53外显子4p.S116fs并发突变;ERBB2外显子17V659E,并发PIK3CA E 545K、TP53,外显子5,R158fs、ATM G2891D NF1 E2143;在另一种情况下,ERBB2突变具有并发的ATM、RICTOR、CCNE1、CDKN18、IRS2、PMS2、TERT、TP53。患者完全缓解,并在疗法2年和停止疗法后保持无疾病。图11图示了ERBB2外显子20重复对sEphB4疗法的响应。
在另一例患者中,除了ERBB2突变外,该患者还具有并发的ALK突变和ROS1重排。肿瘤位于肺、头颈部、骨、脑和淋巴结。
在每个患者中,我们观察到对以每周10mg/kg给予sEphB4-白蛋白融合蛋白的疗法的快速响应。观察到五例患者中的三例完全缓解。五例患者中的四例有响应,三例患者实现完全缓解,持续时间为6个月至超过2年,并持续。
实施例8:EGFR突变和高表达构成重大临床挑战
在许多癌症中观察到EGFR增加,包括头颈癌、肺癌、结肠癌、膀胱癌和许多其他癌症。对单一剂抗体疗法的响应相对较低,并且持续短的持续时间。EGFR基因突变是甚至更大的挑战,并且激酶抑制剂失败通常是规律。需要另外的疗法,尤其是在疗法早期,并与EGFR靶向疗法组合。
我们确定EGFR和EphB4增强彼此的表达。如图12图示的,用抗EphB4抗体免疫沉淀(IP)下拉EGFR,同样,用抗EGFR抗体IP下拉EphB4,显示两者经由直接结合共定位。EphB4敲低降低了EGFR蛋白水平,如通过细胞裂解物的免疫印迹显示的。靶向每种剂在EphB4过表达的NSCLC细胞(H358非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)细胞系,其携带KRAS突变)中示出效力,并且当组合时,甚至在H661(Her2过表达)NSCLC细胞中,活性也增强。因此,sEphB4和EGFR靶向疗法显示出强的协同活性,形成了组合使用的基础。
如图13中显示的,sEphB4和抗EGFR Ab(西妥昔单抗)的体内效力研究显示出了协同效力。在对抗EGFR治疗抵抗性的肿瘤中,sEphB4是有效的,并且sEphB4+西妥昔单抗比任一单独治疗更有效。
实施例9:sEphB4-HSA治疗胆管癌的结果
胆管癌对疗法响应差。标准化学疗法是顺铂和吉西他滨。需要新的疗法,尤其是靶向疗法。最近,用激酶抑制剂治疗FGFR突变型胆管癌显示出肿瘤消退,然而响应率低,并且完全缓解的可能性甚至更小。需要新的疗法。我们用sEphB4治疗胆管癌,并且选择的患者显示出持久的响应。这代表了对未满足的需求的解决方案。
如图14中示出,提供了胆管癌响应的实例,例如,先前用吉西他滨、顺铂、丝裂霉素C、手术、放射疗法和高频超声治疗的64岁女性进展为肺转移。她用每两周给予15mg/kg剂量的sEphB4-白蛋白融合蛋白治疗,并且肿瘤基本消退,持续了超过一年。
表16:64岁患有胆管癌的女性的治疗概况及响应。
实施例10:EphB4表达赋予Kras突变细胞生长优势
我们使用人酪氨酸激酶siRNA文库(Thermo Scientific)研究酪氨酸激酶在调节Kras突变癌细胞生存力中的作用。用靶向85种酪氨酸激酶的SMARTpool siRNA文库(4种siRNA/基因的混合物)转染三种Kras突变的癌细胞系(H358、H727和Mia Paca-2)和两种Kras野生型细胞系(293T和LTC)。MTT测定结果以热图呈现,指示siRNA介导的酪氨酸激酶敲低对细胞系存活的影响(图15A)。受体酪氨酸激酶EphB4是感兴趣的靶,因为对EphB4的抑制导致与对照(293T和LTC)相比三种Kras突变细胞中生存力降低最多的细胞之一,具有最佳P值(P=0.018)(图15A)。
我们证实EphB4是Kras突变和依赖性癌细胞系中细胞存活的关键调节因子。我们分析了表17示出的以下携带致癌Kras突变的细胞系的Kras依赖性:非小细胞肺癌细胞系(NSCLC)(H358、H727和H2009)、胰腺癌细胞系(Mia Paca-2)和结肠癌细胞系(HCT116和SW620)。所有6种细胞系均对Kras耗竭敏感(图15B)。此外,我们通过靶向EphB4不同区域的两种shRNA敲低细胞中的EphB4。结果示出,无论是否存在TP53突变,EphB4都是Kras突变细胞系生存所需要的(图15C和表17)。
表17:细胞系突变和癌症类型概述。
细胞系 | 癌症类型 | 突变 |
LTC | KSHV感染的内皮细胞 | Kras WT;TP53 WT |
H358 | 肺 | KrasG12C |
H727 | 肺 | KrasG12V;TP53Q165,S166insYKQ |
H2009 | 肺 | KrasG12A;TP53R273L |
Mia Paca-2 | 胰腺 | KrasG12C;TP53R248W |
HCT116 | 结肠 | KrasG13D |
SW620 | 结肠 | KrasG12V;TP53R273,P309S |
EphB4蛋白的表达在多种人类癌症中被诱导,并与晚期肿瘤阶段相关。我们在HCT116细胞中过表达KrasG12D-myc,并显示内源性EphB4蛋白的水平以剂量依赖的方式被Kras增强(图15D)。我们还检查了两种不同的Kras驱动的小鼠癌症模型(口腔乳头状瘤和NSCLC)的肿瘤中的EphB4表达。K14-CreERtam;LSL-KrasG12D小鼠表达由细胞角蛋白14(K14)启动子驱动的他莫昔芬诱导型Cre重组酶(CreERtam)。它们还携带突变Kras(LSL-KrasG12D),并在他莫昔芬诱导(Cre介导的对突变KrasG12D上游侧翼为loxP的STOP盒(LSL)的去除)后一个月发展为口腔乳头状瘤。免疫染色显示EphB4及其配体肝配蛋白B2在肿瘤中都增加(图15E)。在乳头状瘤的基底层和中间层观察到升高的EphB4染色,并且在分化更高的肿瘤区域中,肝配蛋白B2配体与EphB4受体互补表达。
在NSCLC模型中,我们通过使用腺病毒(Adeno-Cre)将Cre重组酶递送至LSL-KrasG12D;P53F/F小鼠的肺细胞。腺病毒气管内感染后,小鼠发生肺腺癌。在肿瘤中也观察到EphB4和肝配蛋白B2过表达(图15F)。这些结果表明EphB4信号传导是由致癌的KrasG12D诱导的。
实施例11:EphB4的基因消融增加Kras突变小鼠的存活率
为了研究EphB4在肿瘤发展中的作用,我们产生了靶向ephB4基因外显子2和3的EphB4条件性敲除小鼠。该突变体在cre介导的重组后在ephB4中产生过早终止密码子(图16A)。为了确定EphB4F/F的组织特异性敲除,我们将突变体与K14-CreERtam小鼠杂交,并用他莫昔芬处理小鼠。在他莫昔芬处理后一个月,从唇、舌、肺和心脏收集DNA样品并进行基因分型。如预期的,仅在K14-CreERtam;EphB4F/F小鼠的唇和舌中检测到EphB4重排(图16B中的EphB4 RA)。K14-CreERtam;LSL-KrasG12D小鼠中Kras基因上游STOP盒的去除也在唇肿瘤中检查到。
先前报道的常规EphB4敲除小鼠由于心脏缺陷在E10表现出胚胎致死性。因此,我们将条件性EphB4突变体与普遍表达的CMV-Cre缺失小鼠杂交,其产生完全的基因敲除。在E10.5和E11.5阶段注意到CMV-Cre;EphB4F/F胚胎的生长迟缓。我们还将EphB4F/F与他莫昔芬诱导型CMV-Cretam小鼠杂交,以检查EphB4在成体中的重要性。在他莫昔芬诱导后一个月进行CMV-Cretam;EphB4F/F小鼠的主要器官的病理学分析,包括肺、心脏、肾、肝和小肠。与对照组相比,诱导的小鼠看起来健康且有活力,在突变体的器官中没有观察到明显的表型。这些结果表明,尽管EphB4对胚胎发育至关重要,但它在正常成体中没有重要功能。
除了在许多人类癌症中过表达的EphB4的致癌特性之外,EphB4的敲低降低了Kras依赖性细胞系的细胞生存力。这些结果促成了对EphB4是否影响Kras驱动的癌症模型中的肿瘤发生的研究。为此,产生了K14-CreERtam;LSL-K-rasG12D;EphB4F/F(K14KB4)小鼠,并与K14-CreERtam;LSL-K-rasG12D(K14K)小鼠进行比较。在他莫昔芬处理后第4周,在100%的K14K小鼠(n=10)中检测到口腔鳞状乳头状瘤。结果显示,与K14K相比,K14KB4(n=9)小鼠具有显著更少的肿瘤生长和延长的存活(图16C)(P<0.005)。我们在NSCLC小鼠模型中观察到甚至更大的存活率差异。对LSL-KrasG12D;P53F/F或LSL-K-rasG12D;p53F/F;EphB4F/F小鼠施用Ad-Cre(分别为AdKP和AdKPB4)。AdKPB4中肺腺癌的癌变显著降低(图16D)。在Ad-Cre感染后,超过一半(56%)的AdKPB4(n=18)存活至第150天,而所有AdKP(n=11)在第98天前死亡(P<0.0001)。
实施例12:EphB4的敲低减弱了Kras驱动的肿瘤中的AKT和ERK信号传导
已充分确定,致癌Kras激活PI3K/AKT和MAPK/ERK信号传导途径,这两种途径都用作癌症治疗中的重要治疗靶。因此,我们研究了小鼠口腔乳头状瘤和肺腺癌中激活的PI3K/AKT途径的p-AKT和p-S6的表达水平以及MAPK/ERK途径的p-ERK1/2的水平。除了在口腔乳头状瘤中不能检测到的p-ERK1/2之外,所有信号传导指示物在肿瘤区域中都显著增加,但在EphB4基因敲除小鼠的组织中没有显著增加(图17A为口腔乳头状瘤,并且图17B为肺腺癌)。
我们观察到,尽管EphB4F/F减缓了口腔乳头状瘤和肺腺癌小鼠模型两者中的肿瘤发生,但各种水平的肿瘤最终发生在K14KB4或AdKPB4小鼠中。我们认为这可能是肿瘤中EphB4不完全敲除的结果。我们首先检查了AdKPB4小鼠肺组织中的EphB4表达。原位和免疫荧光染色两者分别显示出过表达的EphB4 mRNA和蛋白(图17C)。我们还显微解剖了来自AdKPB4的肺冷冻切片,并通过PCR发现重排(RA)-Kras、RA-P53和RA-EphB4可以在肿瘤和非肿瘤区域两者中检测到,指示Ad-Cre在整个肺中的活性(图17D上图)。然而,floxed EphB4基因的存在提供了不完全敲除的证据,因为如果所有floxed等位基因被缺失,floxedEphB4的条带将完全丧失。此外,RT-PCR清楚地显示了与非肿瘤区域相比,肿瘤区域中过表达的EphB4mRNA,表明在肺的某些区域中不能成功地降低EphB4表达,并且因此在AdKPB4小鼠中不能阻断由突变的Kras和P53诱导的肿瘤发生(图17D下图)。
我们使用原位杂交分析了口腔乳头状瘤中EphB4和肝配蛋白B2的RNA表达。结果显示,EphB4和肝配蛋白B2的RNA表达弱得多,但在K14KB4小鼠的肿瘤区域中仍可检测到。免疫染色揭示了K14KB4肿瘤中EphB4蛋白的部分表达。
实施例13:在体内EphB4的药理学抑制有效抑制Kras驱动的肿瘤发生
为了进一步显示sEphB4的有效性,我们检查了sEphB4处理下激活的EphB4蛋白的酪氨酸自磷酸化状态。我们将sEphB4(50mg/Kg小鼠体重)腹膜内注射到他莫昔芬诱导型K14K小鼠。sEphB4处理后三天,收集口腔乳头状瘤,并用抗EphB4抗体免疫沉淀肿瘤裂解物。蛋白印迹显示sEphB4处理的肿瘤中EphB4的p-Tyr信号显著降低,而对照中没有显著降低(图18A)。结果表明,sEphB4能够阻断体内EphB4受体的自磷酸化以及激活。
我们通过使用口腔乳头状瘤和NSCLC小鼠模型来测试sEphB4的治疗潜能。在与他莫昔芬诱导相同的时间(预防组)开始,或者在他莫昔芬诱导后两周(消退组)开始,用sEphB4(20mg/Kg,每隔一天)处理K14K小鼠。与对照K14K小鼠相比,两个sEphB4处理组的存活率显著增加(图18B)。向K14K小鼠添加额外的P53敲除突变(K14KP)增强了肿瘤的发展。sEphB4对K14KP的预防治疗也减缓了肿瘤发生并延长了存活期(图18C)。
化学疗法药物紫杉醇(Taxol)广泛用于NSCLC的治疗。它已经显示了与其他癌症药物的协同相互作用。我们使用我们的sEphB4与Taxol组合处理NSCLC小鼠模型AdKP。与对照相比,Taxol和sEphB4单一药物处理显示出相似的显著存活优势,而在Taxol处理和sEphB4处理的小鼠之间没有观察到显著差异。taxol和sEphB4组合处理与每个单一处理相比进一步大大提高了存活率(图18D)。
Kras突变被认为与肿瘤中减少的细胞凋亡和增加的增殖相关。为了了解sEphB4在Kras驱动的癌症中的作用,我们分别使用TUNEL测定和Ki67染色检查了sEphB4处理的携带自发性肿瘤的K14K小鼠的细胞凋亡和增殖状态。我们发现sEphB4每隔一天处理持续20天,显著增加肿瘤中的细胞凋亡并降低肿瘤中的增殖(图18E和图18F)。Kras下游信号传导分子p-AKT和P-S6在sEphB4的处理中也大大减少(图18G)。此外,短期(44小时)肿瘤组织培养证实了sEphB4诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的引人注目的作用。
实施例14:EphB4中断β-TrCP1介导的Kras泛素化和降解
我们已经显示,通过小鼠遗传修饰或通过其拮抗剂sEphB4处理敲低EphB4信号传导,有效地消除了Kras驱动的致瘤性。同时,我们发现在HCT116细胞系中通过siRNA敲低EphB4降低了CMV启动子驱动的过表达的Ras蛋白的水平,这表明EphB4可能影响Ras蛋白的稳定性。我们确定了EphB4是否调节内源性Kras蛋白的半衰期。选择携带野生型Kras的人类口腔鳞状细胞癌细胞系SCC71和携带致癌KrasG12D的小鼠NSCLC细胞系4B-GFP,以观察野生型和突变形式的Kras是否都可以被EphB4调节。我们发现通过siRNA敲低EphB4,在SCC71中使内源性Kras蛋白半衰期从30.7小时降低到8.9小时,并且在4B-GFP细胞中从41.1小时降低到7.1小时(图19A)。此外,蛋白酶体抑制剂MG132可以挽救Kras半衰期的缩短,这表明泛素-蛋白酶体机构在控制Kras蛋白降解中起着主要作用。我们进一步检查了K14K小鼠肿瘤中的Kras水平,并发现在sEphB4处理后,乳头状瘤的基底层和中间层中的Kras表达降低,对应于EphB4过表达细胞(图19B)。
Kras半衰期研究的结果促使我们假设,不希望被理论束缚,EphB4通过调节Kras泛素化影响Kras蛋白的稳定性。我们在293T细胞中表达Ub-Flag和Kras-myc,同时通过敲低或过表达改变EphB4水平。使用抗Myc抗体(Kras-myc)进行免疫沉淀,然后用抗Flag抗体(Ub-Flag)进行免疫印迹。结果显示,通过siRNA敲低EphB4大大增加了Kras多泛素化,同时降低了稳定性,而EphB4的过表达降低了Kras泛素化(图19C)。
已经显示Kras多泛素化是通过F-box家族E3连接酶,含β-转导重复蛋白1(β-transducing repeat containing protein 1,β-TrCP1)调节的。我们证实过表达β-TrCP1促进Kras多泛素化,而敲低β-TrCP1降低Kras泛素化(图19D)。为了深入了解EphB4如何参与这一过程,在293T细胞中存在Flag-β-TrCP1、HA-Ub和Kras-myc的情况下过表达EphB4。IP/蛋白印迹分析显示,过表达的EphB4消除了β-TrCP介导的Kras多泛素化(图19E)。免疫共沉淀(Co-IP)研究进一步证明Kras和β-TrCP1之间的蛋白-蛋白相互作用可以被过表达的EphB4特异性破坏,但不能被EphB4-eGFP(EphB4的细胞内结构域截短形式)、肝配蛋白B2或Her2特异性破坏(图19F上图)。EphB4与β-TrCP1之间的Co-IP、或EphB4与Kras之间的Co-IP显示,EphB4通过与β-TrCP1而不是Kras蛋白结合来竞争β-TrCP1-Kras相互作用(图19F、中图)。
实施例15:C末端EphB4片段的存在调节β-TrCP1连接酶活性,促进Kras在Cys118位
置处的单泛素化
为了解释EphB4抑制β-TrCP1介导的Kras多泛素化的机制,我们进行了体外泛素化测定。如图20A中示出,我们鉴定到缓慢迁移的Kras条带,指示仅在存在较高浓度EphB4的情况下,对于Kras的野生型(WT)和G12V突变体两者,可能存在单泛素化。接下来,我们进行质谱以鉴定泛素部分在WT和G12V突变体Kras两者中半胱氨酸118位置处的的特异性附接(118-CggDLPSR-123)(图20B)。因此,我们在G12D突变体背景下创建了Kras的Cys118至丝氨酸(S)突变体,命名为GC突变体,并进一步进行了体外泛素化和质谱分析,如上所述。仅在存在EphB4的情况下,我们鉴定到Kras的WT和GD突变体两者的C118单泛素化;然而,GC突变体既没有显示指示单泛素化的迁移率变化(图20C),我们在质谱分析后也没有鉴定到任何泛素修饰的肽。令人感兴趣的是,在分析蛋白表达数据时,我们始终注意到仅在存在EphB4的情况下的β-TrCP1片段。接下来,我们确定了不同Kras突变体(WT、GD、CS和GC)的稳态水平,并发现Kras GC突变体水平增加(图20D)。为了确定EphB4对Kras蛋白稳定性的影响,我们进行了siRNA介导的EphB4敲低,并确定了不同的Kras蛋白的半衰期。我们发现EphB4的丧失对Kras的WT、GD和CS突变体的蛋白稳定性有负影响,数据显示即使在不存在EphB4的情况下,GC突变体的蛋白稳定性也增加(图20E),表明C118在EphB4介导的Kras调节中的重要性。尽管更稳定,但发现GC突变体与GD Kras突变体相比是低激活的(如较低的pERK1/2水平指示的)。在这项研究中,我们还注意到在EphB4过表达时β-TrCP1的水平更低,表明了EphB4-β-TrCP1轴之间的负相关。总之,我们提出了一个模型(图20F),其中EphB4的过表达可能导致突变Kras蛋白过度激活所必需的β-TrCP1介导的Kras单泛素化增强。因此,EphB4的丧失或Kras中C118的位点特异性突变都可能会削弱突变Kras的活性,表明突变Kras和EphB4之间的协同性。
实施例16:sEphB4HSA靶向Ras突变型人类肿瘤的临床效力
临床前数据表明,EphB4-肝配蛋白B2途径靶向在人类肿瘤中可能是有效的,并且由于保守的作用机制和所有Ras形式(KRas、HRas、NRas)中保守的关键残基以及每种Ras异形体内的所有突变,所有Ras突变都受阻断性EphB4-肝配蛋白B2靶向影响。
我们治疗了几例具有Ras突变的患者:
1.57岁患有肺腺癌的女性,具有KRas12D突变,以及ATM G2891D和PIK3CA E545K并发突变。患者先前接受过放射疗法并失败。肿瘤显示肝配蛋白B2的表达。患者接受了sEphB4-白蛋白融合蛋白疗法,并实现完全缓解。患者保持无肿瘤超过2年。患者已停止疗法超过1年。
2.患者CB,62岁女性,具有KRas G12C突变,DKN2A并发突变。患有肺腺癌。患者先前用包括卡铂、Alimta和安维汀在内的化学疗法治疗。患者有持续5个月的短期响应。患者肿瘤显示肝配蛋白B2表达,并接受含sEphB4-白蛋白的治疗,不添加化学疗法。患者对疗法有六个月时间段的响应。患者决定停止疗法,并最终进展。
3.JK.42岁患者,具有NRAS G13R突变,并发GNAS,TP53突变,患有膀胱癌。患者接受了顺铂和依托泊苷疗法,出现原发性抵抗性。肿瘤分析显示肝配蛋白B2的表达。然后,患者接受sEphB4-白蛋白融合蛋白疗法。患者显示出持续4个月的肿瘤响应,最终进展。
4.RG.79岁男性,具有NRAS突变,CYLC L227fs、FBXWY R49Q并发突变。患者患有头颈癌,用放射疗法和EGFR抗体治疗,实现持续9个月的缓解。患者肺和淋巴结肿瘤复发。肿瘤活检显示EPhrinB2表达。患者接受sEphB4-白蛋白融合蛋白疗法。患者实现完全缓解,并在停止疗法后保持缓解超过2.5个月。
序列
随附序列表中列出的氨基酸序列使用氨基酸的标准三字母代码示出。
SEQ ID NO:1是人肝配蛋白B型受体前体的氨基酸序列(NP_004435.3)。氨基酸残基1-15编码信号序列。
MELRVLLCWASLAAALEETLLNTKLETADLKWVTFPQVDGQWEELSGLDEEQHSVRTYEVCDVQRAPGQAHWLRTGWVPRRGAVHVYATLRFTMLECLSLPRAGRSCKETFTVFYYESDADTATALTPAWMENPYIKVDTVAAEHLTRKRPGAEATGKVNVKTLRLGPLSKAGFYLAFQDQGACMALLSLHLFYKKCAQLTVNLTRFPETVPRELVVPVAGSCVVDAVPAPGPSPSLYCREDGQWAEQPVTGCSCAPGFEAAEGNTKCRACAQGTFKPLSGEGSCQPCPANSHSNTIGSAVCQCRVGYFRARTDPRGAPCTTPPSAPRSVVSRLNGSSLHLEWSAPLESGGREDLTYALRCRECRPGGSCAPCGGDLTFDPGPRDLVEPWVVVRGLRPDFTYTFEVTALNGVSSLATGPVPFEPVNVTTDREVPPAVSDIRVTRSSPSSLSLAWAVPRAPSGAVLDYEVKYHEKGAEGPSSVRFLKTSENRAELRGLKRGASYLVQVRARSEAGYGPFGQEHHSQTQLDESEGWREQLALIAGTAVVGVVLVLVVIVVAVLCLRKQSNGREAEYSDKHGQYLIGHGTKVYIDPFTYEDPNEAVREFAKEIDVSYVKIEEVIGAGEFGEVCRGRLKAPGKKESCVAIKTLKGGYTERQRREFLSEASIMGQFEHPNIIRLEGVVTNSMPVMILTEFMENGALDSFLRLNDGQFTVIQLVGMLRGIASGMRYLAEMSYVHRDLAARNILVNSNLVCKVSDFGLSRFLEENSSDPTYTSSLGGKIPIRWTAPEAIAFRKFTSASDAWSYGIVMWEVMSFGERPYWDMSNQDVINAIEQDYRLPPPPDCPTSLHQLMLDCWQKDRNARPRFPQVVSALDKMIRNPASLKIVARENGGASHPLLDQRQPHYSAFGSVGEWLRAIKMGRYEESFAAAGFGSFELVSQISAEDLLRIGVTLAGHQKKILASVQHMKSQAKPGTPGGTGGPAPQY(SEQ ID NO:1)
SEQ ID NO:2是人血清白蛋白前蛋白原的氨基酸序列(NP_000468.1)。氨基酸残基25-609编码成熟肽。
MKWVTFISLLFLFSSAYSRGVFRRDAHKSEVAHRFKDLGEENFKALVLIAFAQYLQQCPFEDHVKLVNEVTEFAKTCVADESAENCDKSLHTLFGDKLCTVATLRETYGEMADCCAKQEPERNECFLQHKDDNPNLPRLVRPEVDVMCTAFHDNEETFLKKYLYEIARRHPYFYAPELLFFAKRYKAAFTECCQAADKAACLLPKLDELRDEGKASSAKQRLKCASLQKFGERAFKAWAVARLSQRFPKAEFAEVSKLVTDLTKVHTECCHGDLLECADDRADLAKYICENQDSISSKLKECCEKPLLEKSHCIAEVENDEMPADLPSLAADFVESKDVCKNYAEAKDVFLGMFLYEYARRHPDYSVVLLLRLAKTYETTLEKCCAAADPHECYAKVFDEFKPLVEEPQNLIKQNCELFEQLGEYKFQNALLVRYTKKVPQVSTPTLVEVSRNLGKVGSKCCKHPEAKRMPCAEDYLSVVLNQLCVLHEKTPVSDRVTKCCTESLVNRRPCFSALEVDETYVPKEFNAETFTFHADICTLSEKERQIKKQTALVELVKHKPKATKEQLKAVMDDFAAFVEKCCKADDKETCFAEEGKKLVAASQAALGL(SEQ ID NO:2)。
通过引用并入
专利文件US 7,381,410;US 7,862,816;US 7,977,463;US 8,063,183;US 8,273,858;US 8,975,377;US 8,981,062;US 9,533,026;PCT/US2020/018160;PCT/US2020/023215和本文公开的所有参考文献出于所有目的,通过引用以其整体特此并入。
其他方面
本文公开的和要求保护的所有物品(articles)和方法鉴于本公开内容均可被制备和执行而无需过度实验。尽管已根据实施方案描述本发明的物品和方法,但是变化形式可被应用到所述物品和方法而不偏离本发明的精神和范围,这对本领域技术人员而言是明显的。对于本领域技术人员明显的所有这样的变化和等效物,无论是现存的还是以后开发的,都被认为是在本发明的精神和范围之内,如由所附权利要求所限定的。说明书中提及的所有专利、专利申请和出版物指示本发明所属领域的普通技术人员的水平。为了所有目的,将所有专利、专利申请和出版物通过引用以其整体并入本文,并且其程度如同每个主题出版物具体地且主观地被指示为了任何和所有目的通过引用以其整体并入本文。本文例示地描述的发明可在不存在本文未具体地公开的任何一个或更多个要素的情况下被合适地实践。使用的术语和表述被用作描述而非限制的术语,并且在使用这样的术语和表述时不意图排除所示出和所描述的特征的任何等同物或其部分,但应认识到,在本发明要求保护的范围内各种改变是可能的。因此,应理解,尽管本发明已通过实施方案和任选的特征被具体地公开,但是本领域技术人员可寻求本文公开的概念的改变和变化形式,并且认为这样的改变和变化形式在如由所附的权利要求所限定的本发明的范围内。
序列表
<110> 血管基因治疗公司
V·卡拉斯诺佩洛夫
<120> sEphB4-HSA融合蛋白作为癌症治疗的一线疗法的用途
<130> VAS-002PC/131902-5002
<150> 63/162,691
<151> 2021-03-18
<160> 2
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
<210> 1
<211> 987
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<220>
<223> 合成序列
<400> 1
Met Glu Leu Arg Val Leu Leu Cys Trp Ala Ser Leu Ala Ala Ala Leu
1 5 10 15
Glu Glu Thr Leu Leu Asn Thr Lys Leu Glu Thr Ala Asp Leu Lys Trp
20 25 30
Val Thr Phe Pro Gln Val Asp Gly Gln Trp Glu Glu Leu Ser Gly Leu
35 40 45
Asp Glu Glu Gln His Ser Val Arg Thr Tyr Glu Val Cys Asp Val Gln
50 55 60
Arg Ala Pro Gly Gln Ala His Trp Leu Arg Thr Gly Trp Val Pro Arg
65 70 75 80
Arg Gly Ala Val His Val Tyr Ala Thr Leu Arg Phe Thr Met Leu Glu
85 90 95
Cys Leu Ser Leu Pro Arg Ala Gly Arg Ser Cys Lys Glu Thr Phe Thr
100 105 110
Val Phe Tyr Tyr Glu Ser Asp Ala Asp Thr Ala Thr Ala Leu Thr Pro
115 120 125
Ala Trp Met Glu Asn Pro Tyr Ile Lys Val Asp Thr Val Ala Ala Glu
130 135 140
His Leu Thr Arg Lys Arg Pro Gly Ala Glu Ala Thr Gly Lys Val Asn
145 150 155 160
Val Lys Thr Leu Arg Leu Gly Pro Leu Ser Lys Ala Gly Phe Tyr Leu
165 170 175
Ala Phe Gln Asp Gln Gly Ala Cys Met Ala Leu Leu Ser Leu His Leu
180 185 190
Phe Tyr Lys Lys Cys Ala Gln Leu Thr Val Asn Leu Thr Arg Phe Pro
195 200 205
Glu Thr Val Pro Arg Glu Leu Val Val Pro Val Ala Gly Ser Cys Val
210 215 220
Val Asp Ala Val Pro Ala Pro Gly Pro Ser Pro Ser Leu Tyr Cys Arg
225 230 235 240
Glu Asp Gly Gln Trp Ala Glu Gln Pro Val Thr Gly Cys Ser Cys Ala
245 250 255
Pro Gly Phe Glu Ala Ala Glu Gly Asn Thr Lys Cys Arg Ala Cys Ala
260 265 270
Gln Gly Thr Phe Lys Pro Leu Ser Gly Glu Gly Ser Cys Gln Pro Cys
275 280 285
Pro Ala Asn Ser His Ser Asn Thr Ile Gly Ser Ala Val Cys Gln Cys
290 295 300
Arg Val Gly Tyr Phe Arg Ala Arg Thr Asp Pro Arg Gly Ala Pro Cys
305 310 315 320
Thr Thr Pro Pro Ser Ala Pro Arg Ser Val Val Ser Arg Leu Asn Gly
325 330 335
Ser Ser Leu His Leu Glu Trp Ser Ala Pro Leu Glu Ser Gly Gly Arg
340 345 350
Glu Asp Leu Thr Tyr Ala Leu Arg Cys Arg Glu Cys Arg Pro Gly Gly
355 360 365
Ser Cys Ala Pro Cys Gly Gly Asp Leu Thr Phe Asp Pro Gly Pro Arg
370 375 380
Asp Leu Val Glu Pro Trp Val Val Val Arg Gly Leu Arg Pro Asp Phe
385 390 395 400
Thr Tyr Thr Phe Glu Val Thr Ala Leu Asn Gly Val Ser Ser Leu Ala
405 410 415
Thr Gly Pro Val Pro Phe Glu Pro Val Asn Val Thr Thr Asp Arg Glu
420 425 430
Val Pro Pro Ala Val Ser Asp Ile Arg Val Thr Arg Ser Ser Pro Ser
435 440 445
Ser Leu Ser Leu Ala Trp Ala Val Pro Arg Ala Pro Ser Gly Ala Val
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Leu Asp Tyr Glu Val Lys Tyr His Glu Lys Gly Ala Glu Gly Pro Ser
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Ser Val Arg Phe Leu Lys Thr Ser Glu Asn Arg Ala Glu Leu Arg Gly
485 490 495
Leu Lys Arg Gly Ala Ser Tyr Leu Val Gln Val Arg Ala Arg Ser Glu
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Ala Gly Tyr Gly Pro Phe Gly Gln Glu His His Ser Gln Thr Gln Leu
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Asp Glu Ser Glu Gly Trp Arg Glu Gln Leu Ala Leu Ile Ala Gly Thr
530 535 540
Ala Val Val Gly Val Val Leu Val Leu Val Val Ile Val Val Ala Val
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Leu Cys Leu Arg Lys Gln Ser Asn Gly Arg Glu Ala Glu Tyr Ser Asp
565 570 575
Lys His Gly Gln Tyr Leu Ile Gly His Gly Thr Lys Val Tyr Ile Asp
580 585 590
Pro Phe Thr Tyr Glu Asp Pro Asn Glu Ala Val Arg Glu Phe Ala Lys
595 600 605
Glu Ile Asp Val Ser Tyr Val Lys Ile Glu Glu Val Ile Gly Ala Gly
610 615 620
Glu Phe Gly Glu Val Cys Arg Gly Arg Leu Lys Ala Pro Gly Lys Lys
625 630 635 640
Glu Ser Cys Val Ala Ile Lys Thr Leu Lys Gly Gly Tyr Thr Glu Arg
645 650 655
Gln Arg Arg Glu Phe Leu Ser Glu Ala Ser Ile Met Gly Gln Phe Glu
660 665 670
His Pro Asn Ile Ile Arg Leu Glu Gly Val Val Thr Asn Ser Met Pro
675 680 685
Val Met Ile Leu Thr Glu Phe Met Glu Asn Gly Ala Leu Asp Ser Phe
690 695 700
Leu Arg Leu Asn Asp Gly Gln Phe Thr Val Ile Gln Leu Val Gly Met
705 710 715 720
Leu Arg Gly Ile Ala Ser Gly Met Arg Tyr Leu Ala Glu Met Ser Tyr
725 730 735
Val His Arg Asp Leu Ala Ala Arg Asn Ile Leu Val Asn Ser Asn Leu
740 745 750
Val Cys Lys Val Ser Asp Phe Gly Leu Ser Arg Phe Leu Glu Glu Asn
755 760 765
Ser Ser Asp Pro Thr Tyr Thr Ser Ser Leu Gly Gly Lys Ile Pro Ile
770 775 780
Arg Trp Thr Ala Pro Glu Ala Ile Ala Phe Arg Lys Phe Thr Ser Ala
785 790 795 800
Ser Asp Ala Trp Ser Tyr Gly Ile Val Met Trp Glu Val Met Ser Phe
805 810 815
Gly Glu Arg Pro Tyr Trp Asp Met Ser Asn Gln Asp Val Ile Asn Ala
820 825 830
Ile Glu Gln Asp Tyr Arg Leu Pro Pro Pro Pro Asp Cys Pro Thr Ser
835 840 845
Leu His Gln Leu Met Leu Asp Cys Trp Gln Lys Asp Arg Asn Ala Arg
850 855 860
Pro Arg Phe Pro Gln Val Val Ser Ala Leu Asp Lys Met Ile Arg Asn
865 870 875 880
Pro Ala Ser Leu Lys Ile Val Ala Arg Glu Asn Gly Gly Ala Ser His
885 890 895
Pro Leu Leu Asp Gln Arg Gln Pro His Tyr Ser Ala Phe Gly Ser Val
900 905 910
Gly Glu Trp Leu Arg Ala Ile Lys Met Gly Arg Tyr Glu Glu Ser Phe
915 920 925
Ala Ala Ala Gly Phe Gly Ser Phe Glu Leu Val Ser Gln Ile Ser Ala
930 935 940
Glu Asp Leu Leu Arg Ile Gly Val Thr Leu Ala Gly His Gln Lys Lys
945 950 955 960
Ile Leu Ala Ser Val Gln His Met Lys Ser Gln Ala Lys Pro Gly Thr
965 970 975
Pro Gly Gly Thr Gly Gly Pro Ala Pro Gln Tyr
980 985
<210> 2
<211> 609
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<220>
<223> 合成序列
<400> 2
Met Lys Trp Val Thr Phe Ile Ser Leu Leu Phe Leu Phe Ser Ser Ala
1 5 10 15
Tyr Ser Arg Gly Val Phe Arg Arg Asp Ala His Lys Ser Glu Val Ala
20 25 30
His Arg Phe Lys Asp Leu Gly Glu Glu Asn Phe Lys Ala Leu Val Leu
35 40 45
Ile Ala Phe Ala Gln Tyr Leu Gln Gln Cys Pro Phe Glu Asp His Val
50 55 60
Lys Leu Val Asn Glu Val Thr Glu Phe Ala Lys Thr Cys Val Ala Asp
65 70 75 80
Glu Ser Ala Glu Asn Cys Asp Lys Ser Leu His Thr Leu Phe Gly Asp
85 90 95
Lys Leu Cys Thr Val Ala Thr Leu Arg Glu Thr Tyr Gly Glu Met Ala
100 105 110
Asp Cys Cys Ala Lys Gln Glu Pro Glu Arg Asn Glu Cys Phe Leu Gln
115 120 125
His Lys Asp Asp Asn Pro Asn Leu Pro Arg Leu Val Arg Pro Glu Val
130 135 140
Asp Val Met Cys Thr Ala Phe His Asp Asn Glu Glu Thr Phe Leu Lys
145 150 155 160
Lys Tyr Leu Tyr Glu Ile Ala Arg Arg His Pro Tyr Phe Tyr Ala Pro
165 170 175
Glu Leu Leu Phe Phe Ala Lys Arg Tyr Lys Ala Ala Phe Thr Glu Cys
180 185 190
Cys Gln Ala Ala Asp Lys Ala Ala Cys Leu Leu Pro Lys Leu Asp Glu
195 200 205
Leu Arg Asp Glu Gly Lys Ala Ser Ser Ala Lys Gln Arg Leu Lys Cys
210 215 220
Ala Ser Leu Gln Lys Phe Gly Glu Arg Ala Phe Lys Ala Trp Ala Val
225 230 235 240
Ala Arg Leu Ser Gln Arg Phe Pro Lys Ala Glu Phe Ala Glu Val Ser
245 250 255
Lys Leu Val Thr Asp Leu Thr Lys Val His Thr Glu Cys Cys His Gly
260 265 270
Asp Leu Leu Glu Cys Ala Asp Asp Arg Ala Asp Leu Ala Lys Tyr Ile
275 280 285
Cys Glu Asn Gln Asp Ser Ile Ser Ser Lys Leu Lys Glu Cys Cys Glu
290 295 300
Lys Pro Leu Leu Glu Lys Ser His Cys Ile Ala Glu Val Glu Asn Asp
305 310 315 320
Glu Met Pro Ala Asp Leu Pro Ser Leu Ala Ala Asp Phe Val Glu Ser
325 330 335
Lys Asp Val Cys Lys Asn Tyr Ala Glu Ala Lys Asp Val Phe Leu Gly
340 345 350
Met Phe Leu Tyr Glu Tyr Ala Arg Arg His Pro Asp Tyr Ser Val Val
355 360 365
Leu Leu Leu Arg Leu Ala Lys Thr Tyr Glu Thr Thr Leu Glu Lys Cys
370 375 380
Cys Ala Ala Ala Asp Pro His Glu Cys Tyr Ala Lys Val Phe Asp Glu
385 390 395 400
Phe Lys Pro Leu Val Glu Glu Pro Gln Asn Leu Ile Lys Gln Asn Cys
405 410 415
Glu Leu Phe Glu Gln Leu Gly Glu Tyr Lys Phe Gln Asn Ala Leu Leu
420 425 430
Val Arg Tyr Thr Lys Lys Val Pro Gln Val Ser Thr Pro Thr Leu Val
435 440 445
Glu Val Ser Arg Asn Leu Gly Lys Val Gly Ser Lys Cys Cys Lys His
450 455 460
Pro Glu Ala Lys Arg Met Pro Cys Ala Glu Asp Tyr Leu Ser Val Val
465 470 475 480
Leu Asn Gln Leu Cys Val Leu His Glu Lys Thr Pro Val Ser Asp Arg
485 490 495
Val Thr Lys Cys Cys Thr Glu Ser Leu Val Asn Arg Arg Pro Cys Phe
500 505 510
Ser Ala Leu Glu Val Asp Glu Thr Tyr Val Pro Lys Glu Phe Asn Ala
515 520 525
Glu Thr Phe Thr Phe His Ala Asp Ile Cys Thr Leu Ser Glu Lys Glu
530 535 540
Arg Gln Ile Lys Lys Gln Thr Ala Leu Val Glu Leu Val Lys His Lys
545 550 555 560
Pro Lys Ala Thr Lys Glu Gln Leu Lys Ala Val Met Asp Asp Phe Ala
565 570 575
Ala Phe Val Glu Lys Cys Cys Lys Ala Asp Asp Lys Glu Thr Cys Phe
580 585 590
Ala Glu Glu Gly Lys Lys Leu Val Ala Ala Ser Gln Ala Ala Leu Gly
595 600 605
Leu
Claims (16)
1.一种用于治疗癌症的方法,包括向有相应需要的患者施用有效量的抑制EphB4或肝配蛋白B2介导的功能的多肽剂,其中所述多肽剂用作治疗中的一线疗法。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述癌症选自头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)、肝细胞癌(HCC)、Kras突变型非小细胞肺腺癌(NSCLC)、卡波西肉瘤(KS)、膀胱癌和胆管癌(CCA)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中所述癌症是选自以下的抗癌疗法难治的:免疫疗法治疗,用化疗剂的治疗,使用针对特定肿瘤抗原的耗竭性抗体的治疗,使用针对共刺激分子或共抑制分子的激动性、拮抗性或阻断性抗体、任选的免疫检查点抑制剂的治疗,用包含针对特定肿瘤抗原的耗竭性抗体和细胞毒性剂的免疫缀合物、抗体-药物缀合物(ADC)或融合分子的靶向治疗,用小分子激酶抑制剂的靶向治疗,使用手术的治疗,使用干细胞移植的治疗和使用放射的治疗。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中所述癌症是用免疫检查点抑制剂的治疗难治的。
5.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中所述癌症是放射疗法的治疗难治的。
6.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中所述癌症是用基于铂的化学的疗法难治的。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法,其中所述癌症包括表达肝配蛋白B2的肿瘤。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法,其中所述多肽剂是EphB4蛋白的配体结合部分,并包含增加血清半衰期的修饰。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法,其中所述多肽剂包含与选自以下的白蛋白共价或非共价缔合的SEQ ID NO:1(“sEphB4多肽”)的氨基酸1-197、16-197、29-197、1-312、16-312、29-312、1-321、16-321、29-321、1-326、16-326、29-326、1-412、16-412、29-412、1-427、16-427、29-427、1-429、16-429、29-429、1-526、16-526、29-526、1-537、16-537和29-537的序列:人血清白蛋白(HSA)(“sEphB4-HSA”)和牛血清白蛋白(BSA)(“sEphB4-BSA”)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述sEphB4-HSA包含与SEQ ID NO:2的残基25-609直接融合的SEQ ID NO:1的残基16-326。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述sEphB4-HSA包含与SEQ ID NO:2的残基25-609直接融合的SEQ ID NO:1的残基16-537。
12.根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的方法,还包括施用抗EGFR抗体或其抗体片段,任选地西妥昔单抗。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,还包括施用紫杉烷,任选紫杉醇(TAXOL)或多西他赛(TAXOTERE)。
14.一种用于治疗癌症的方法,包括向有相应需要的患者施用有效量的多肽剂,所述多肽剂包含:
(i)包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸16-537的序列的EphB4蛋白配体结合部分,和
(ii)包含SEQ ID NO:2的氨基酸25-609的序列的人血清白蛋白(HSA),
其中所述多肽剂用作治疗中的一线疗法和/或
其中所述癌症是复发性、抵抗性或难治性癌症。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中所述癌症选自头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)、肝细胞癌(HCC)、Kras突变型非小细胞肺腺癌(NSCLC)、卡波西肉瘤(KS)、膀胱癌和胆管癌(CCA)。
16.根据权利要求14或15所述的方法,其中所述癌症是免疫检查点抑制剂、放射疗法和/或化学疗法抵抗性或难治性的。
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PCT/US2022/020878 WO2022198001A1 (en) | 2021-03-18 | 2022-03-18 | Use of sephb4-hsa fusion protein as a first-line therapy in cancer treatment |
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US10617738B2 (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2020-04-14 | The University Of Queensland | Mammalian EphA4 polypeptide derivatives lacking one or more N-glycosylation sites and method of use thereof |
CN114007633A (zh) * | 2019-02-13 | 2022-02-01 | 血管基因治疗公司 | 作为治疗前列腺癌的新型标志物的ephb4-肝配蛋白b2受体配体对 |
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