CN117119591A

CN117119591A - Communication method and related device

Info

Publication number: CN117119591A
Application number: CN202210521265.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈昀
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-05-13
Filing date: 2022-05-13
Publication date: 2023-11-24

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a communication method and a related device, wherein the method can be applied to small-particle business scenes and comprises the following steps: acquiring a first transmission delay of a first small-particle service in a communication device; determining a first time slot set according to the first transmission delay; a first small particle traffic is transmitted over a first set of timeslots. The communication device references the first small particle traffic to obtain a first set of time slots after a first transmission delay in the communication device. The method can effectively reduce transmission delay jitter generated when the communication device sends small-particle service, and reduce hardware requirements of the communication device for time delay compensation. The scheme can be applied to the distributed differential protection communication scene of power transmission and transformation, and the scene has upper bound requirements on transmission delay jitter and requires low transmission delay jitter, so that the transmission delay jitter in the communication process can be effectively reduced after the scheme is applied, and the hardware requirements of equipment on time delay compensation are reduced.

Description

Communication method and related device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a communications method and a related device.

Background

With the advent of more complex application scenes in the fifth generation mobile communication technology + (th generation mobile communication technology +, 5G+) vertical industry and the emergence of high-value private line service, a great deal of bearing demands of small bandwidth, low time delay, high safety and high reliability are brought together, and a small particle technology is generated.

In one specific implementation, the small particle technology is scalable based on the international telecommunications standardization sector (ITU-T) metropolitan area transport network (metro transport network, MTN) standard, implementing a finer granularity circuit-switched technology that refines MTN hard pipe granularity from 5 gigabits per-second (Gpbs) to 10 megabits per second (megabits per second Mbps) to meet various differentiated traffic bearer requirements.

In small particle technology, small particle traffic is carried by small particle units (fine granularity unit, FGU). The small granule technology adopts a time division multiplexing (time-division multiplexing, TDM) mechanism to cyclically transmit FGU basic frames with a fixed period, and the number and positions of time slots contained in each frame are strictly fixed, so that the transmission period per time slot is deterministic. In order to support more time slot channels with smaller granularity and improve the bandwidth utilization rate, the FGU scheme adopts a multiframe mode to divide the time slots of 5Gbps particles of the SPN channel layer. One multiframe contains 20 FGU base frames, each supporting 24 slots, and one SPN channel layer 5Gbps granule supporting 480 slots. Each FGU base frame includes Overhead (OH), payload (payload), and other structural components.

The slice packet network (slicing packet network, SPN) slice channel is a transmission path between source and sink nodes in the SPN network, and is used for providing end-to-end ethernet slice connection in the network, and has the characteristics of low delay, transparent transmission, hard isolation and the like. By adopting a sequence cross-connection technology based on Ethernet 66B code blocks, a metropolitan area network access (MTN Path) layer frame structure and a metropolitan area network segment (MTN Section) layer frame structure, and operation, administration and maintenance (operation administration and maintenance, OAM) overheads, client layer services are mapped to MTN clients at source nodes, intermediate nodes of the network are cross-connected based on Ethernet 66B code block (66B block) sequences, client layer services are demapped from the MTN clients at destination nodes, and functions of accessing/recovering Client data, adding/deleting OAM information, cross-connecting data streams, monitoring and protecting channels and the like can be realized.

After the source node maps the received service to the code block, if the time slot position allocated to the service in the current multiframe is missed, the source node needs to send the code block at the same time slot position of the next multiframe. Thus, a large transmission delay jitter is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, including:

the communication device acquires a first transmission delay of a first small-particle service in the communication device;

the communication device determines a first time slot set according to the first transmission delay, wherein the first time slot set comprises a first time slot;

the communication device transmits a first small particle service on a first set of timeslots.

In the embodiment of the present application, first, a communication device obtains a first transmission delay of a first small-particle service in the communication device. Then, the communication device determines a first time slot set according to the first transmission delay, wherein the first time slot set comprises one or more first time slots; finally, the communication device transmits the first small particle traffic over the first set of timeslots. The communication device references the first small particle traffic to obtain a first set of time slots after a first transmission delay in the communication device. Therefore, compared with the second time slot set originally allocated to the first small-particle service in the communication device, the first time slot set is closer to the moment when the communication device extracts the code block from the memory in the time domain, so that the transmission delay jitter generated when the communication device sends the small-particle service can be effectively reduced, and the hardware requirement of the communication device for time delay compensation is reduced. The hardware implementation cost is reduced, and the communication quality is ensured to meet the requirement of small-particle service. The scheme can be applied to a distributed differential protection communication scene of power transmission and transformation, and can also be applied to an industrial control type communication scene related to intelligent manufacturing. Because the above scenario has upper bound requirement on transmission delay jitter and requires low transmission delay jitter, after the scheme is applied, the transmission delay jitter in the communication process can be effectively reduced, and the hardware requirement of equipment for time delay compensation is reduced.

In one possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the obtaining, by the communication device, a first transmission delay of a first small particle service in the communication device includes: the communication device acquires a plurality of transmission delays in a sampling window; and acquiring the first transmission delay according to the average value of the transmission delays. Furthermore, in order to improve the representativeness of the first transmission delay acquired by the communication device to the first small-particle service, the transmission delay jitter of the first small-particle service is further reduced, and the communication device can also synthesize a plurality of transmission delays to acquire the first transmission delay. The method comprises the following steps: the communication device acquires a plurality of transmission delays in a sampling window; and then the communication device acquires the first transmission delay according to the average value of the transmission delays.

Illustratively, the communication device obtains a plurality of transmission delays during transmission of the first small particle service, where the transmission delays may be one or more of: either the first delay or the second delay. The communication device then stores the plurality of propagation delays in a memory. The transmission delays in the memory are arranged in sequence according to the acquisition time. The communication device selects a plurality of transmission delays from the memory according to the sampling window. In a specific implementation, the communication device averages the obtained plurality of transmission delays by weighting to obtain the first transmission delay.

In one example, the sampling window may be a time period; in yet another example, the sampling window may be a sliding window; in yet another example, the sampling window may also include a plurality of time periods of history.

In one possible implementation manner of the first aspect, before the communication device sends the first small particle service on the first set of timeslots, the method further includes:

the communication device sends the first small particle service on a second time slot set, wherein the second time slot set is a time slot currently allocated to the first small particle service by the communication device, and the second time slot set comprises a second time slot;

the communication device determines a first time slot set according to the first transmission delay, including:

the communication device determines a first time slot set according to the first transmission delay, the second time slot set and the time slot interval;

after the communication device determines the first set of time slots, the method further comprises:

the communication device initiates a time slot adjustment to a downstream node according to the first set of time slots.

Specifically, regarding the second set of time slots: the second set of time slots is a time slot currently allocated by the communication device for the first small particle service, the second set of time slots including one or more second time slots. In other words, the communication device transmits the first small particle traffic on the second set of time slots before the communication device transmits the first small particle traffic on the first set of time slots.

Regarding the slot interval, the slot interval indicates a time interval occupied by each first slot in the first set of slots. Illustratively, taking a 5Gbps flexible ethernet Client (flexible ethernet Client, flexE Client) interface as an example, the multiframe period is 50.688 microseconds (us), and the slot spacing is 50.688/480≡ 0.1056 microseconds.

In a possible implementation manner, the communication device instructs, according to the first set of timeslots, a downstream node to adjust a reception timeslot corresponding to the reception of the first small-granule service. Specifically, the communication device (source node) informs the downstream node of the first set of timeslots for transmitting the first small particle service through a small particle pipe timeslot lossless adjustment mechanism.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the communication device determines the identification of the first time slot by:

identification of first time slot = identification of second time slot- (first transmission delay/time slot interval); or (b)

Identification of first time slot = identification of second time slot + (first transmission delay/time slot interval).

For example, when the time corresponding to the second time slot is later than the first time of the small-granule service, the identification of the first time slot=the identification of the second time slot- (the transmission delay/the time slot interval); when the time corresponding to the second time slot is earlier than the first time of the small-granule service, the identification of the first time slot=the identification of the second time slot+ (the transmission delay/the time slot interval).

Further, the first time slot calculated by the method may be occupied, in which case the communication device selects, from the idle time slot sets, a time slot closest to the first time slot calculated by the method as the first time slot set. For example, the first time slot calculated by the above method includes: slot 10#, slot 50# and slot 100#. At this time, the idle slots in the communication device include: slot 10#, slot 20#, slot 30#, slot 55#, slot 60#, slot 95#, slot 110# and slot 120#. Finally, the communication device combines the free time slots, and the determined first time slot set comprises: slot 10#, slot 55# and slot 95#.

In yet another example, an SPN channel layer 5Gbps granule supports 480 timeslots. The first time slot calculated by the method comprises the following steps: slot 475#. The idle time slots in the communication device include: slot 10#, slot 110# and slot 230#. Since the slot 475# is not an idle slot of the communication device, the communication device needs to select a slot closest to the slot 475# from the idle slots as the first slot set. Finally, the first set of timeslots determined by the communication means comprises: slot # 10.

In one possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, by the communication device, the first set of timeslots according to the first transmission delay includes: the communication device receives a first indication from the controller, the first indication being for instructing the communication device to determine a first set of time slots based on the first transmission delay. The implementation flexibility of the scheme is improved.

In one possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, by the communication device, the first set of timeslots according to the first transmission delay includes: the communication device sends a first transmission delay to the controller; the communication device receives indication information from the controller, the indication information indicating a first set of time slots. The implementation flexibility of the scheme is improved.

Specifically, after the controller determines the first time slot set, the controller sends indication information to the communication device (source node), where the indication information indicates the first time slot set. Accordingly, the communication device receives indication information from the controller, and the communication device determines the first time slot set according to the indication information.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, after the communication device receives the indication information from the controller, the method further includes: and the communication device instructs the downstream node to adjust and receive the receiving time slot corresponding to the first small-particle service according to the first time slot set. The implementation flexibility of the scheme is improved.

In one possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the communication device sends the first small particle service on the first set of timeslots, including: the communication device transmits the first small particle traffic over the first set of time slots according to the second indication transmitted by the controller.

In one possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes: the communication device sends information indicating the first time slot set to the controller, so that the controller knows that the communication device uses the first time slot set to send the first small particle service according to the information indicating the first time slot set. For subsequent development of other services, such as: the controller calculates the time slot position of the downstream node for transmitting the first small particle service according to the first time slot set.

In one possible implementation manner of the first aspect, when the first condition is met, the communication device determines a first set of timeslots according to a first transmission delay; the first condition includes one or more of: and in the first statistical time length, the accumulated data quantity of the first small-particle service received by the communication device is larger than or equal to the first target data quantity, or the timing of a first timer of the communication device reaches the second statistical time length, wherein the timing of the first timer reaches the second statistical time length and then is reset. The implementation flexibility of the scheme is improved.

And in the first statistical time length, the accumulated data quantity of the first small-particle service received by the communication device is larger than or equal to a first target data quantity, or the timing of a first timer of the communication device reaches a second statistical time length, wherein the timing of the first timer is reset after reaching the second statistical time length.

Illustratively, the first target data amount is 100 Megabytes (MB), and the communication device determines the first set of timeslots based on the first transmission delay when the accumulated data amount of the first small-particle service received by the communication device is greater than or equal to 100 MB. In yet another example, the first timer of the communication device is started when the communication device starts transmitting the first small particle service when the second statistical duration is 10 minutes. And after the timing of the first counter of the communication device reaches the second statistical duration, the communication device determines the first time slot set according to the first transmission delay. At the same time, the communication device resets the timing of the first timer and re-clocks.

In yet another possible implementation, the controller detects whether the first condition is met, and when met, the controller sends a first indication to the communication device. Accordingly, the communication device receives a first indication from the controller, the first indication being for instructing the communication device to determine the first set of timeslots based on the first propagation delay.

In one possible implementation manner of the first aspect, when the second condition is met, the communication device sends the first small particle service on the first set of timeslots; the second condition includes one or more of: in the third statistical time length, the accumulated data volume of the first small particle service received by the communication device is larger than or equal to the second target data volume, the timing of the second timer of the communication device reaches the fourth statistical time length, the timing of the second timer is reset after being equal to the fourth statistical time length, the timing of the third timer of the communication device is equal to any one of a preset time set, the preset time set comprises at least one time, the first transmission delay is larger than or equal to a preset threshold value, or the transmission delay jitter value of the first small particle service measured by the communication device is larger than or equal to the target transmission delay jitter value, the transmission delay jitter value is equal to the difference value between the first transmission delay and the second transmission delay, the first transmission delay is the transmission delay of the first small particle service in the communication device in the first measurement period, and the second transmission delay is the transmission delay of the first small particle service in the communication device in the second measurement period. The implementation flexibility of the scheme is improved.

Further, the communication device may further obtain a transmission delay of the second time slot set currently used and a transmission delay of the first time slot set (the transmission delay is an ideal value). The communication device then determines whether the first set of timeslots is better than the second set of timeslots based on the transmission delay of the second set of timeslots and the transmission delay of the first set of timeslots. And when the transmission delay of the first time slot set is smaller than that of the second time slot set, judging that the second condition is met.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the communication device is a source node on an end-to-end transmission path of the small particle service.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, including:

the controller obtains a first transmission delay of a first small particle service in the communication device;

the controller determines a first time slot set according to the first transmission delay, wherein the first time slot set comprises a first time slot;

the controller transmits information indicating the first set of time slots to the communication device.

In the embodiment of the present application, first, a communication device obtains a first transmission delay of a first small-particle service in the communication device. The communication device then uploads the first transmission delay to the controller. The controller determines a first time slot set according to the first transmission delay, wherein the first time slot set comprises one or more first time slots; the controller transmits information indicating the first set of time slots to the communication device so that the communication device acquires the first set of time slots. The communication device transmits a first small particle service on a first set of timeslots. The controller references the first small particle traffic to obtain a first set of time slots after a first transmission delay in the communication device. Therefore, compared with the second time slot set originally allocated to the first small-particle service in the communication device, the first time slot set is closer to the moment when the communication device extracts the code block from the memory in the time domain, so that the transmission delay jitter generated when the communication device sends the small-particle service can be effectively reduced, and the hardware requirement of the communication device for time delay compensation is reduced. The hardware implementation cost is reduced, and the communication quality is ensured to meet the requirement of small-particle service. The scheme can be applied to a distributed differential protection communication scene of power transmission and transformation, and can also be applied to an industrial control type communication scene related to intelligent manufacturing. Because the above scenario has upper bound requirement on transmission delay jitter and requires low transmission delay jitter, after the scheme is applied, the transmission delay jitter in the communication process can be effectively reduced, and the hardware requirement of equipment for time delay compensation is reduced.

With reference to the first aspect or the second aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the first transmission delay includes:

the first delay is equal to the buffer time T1 of the first small particle service waiting to be sent in the memory of the communication device.

With reference to the first aspect or the second aspect, in one possible implementation manner, t1=t1-T2, where,

t1 is the time when the communication device extracts the code block from the memory, and the code block carries the first small particle service;

t2 is the time when the communication device stores the code block carrying the first small particle service to the memory.

With reference to the first aspect or the second aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the first transmission delay further includes:

and the second time delay is equal to the processing time length T2 required by the communication device from receiving the first small particle service to buffering the first small particle service in the memory.

With reference to the first aspect or the second aspect, in one possible implementation manner, t2=t2-T3, where,

t2 is the time when the communication device stores the code block bearing the first small particle service into the memory;

t3 is the time at which the communication device receives the first small particle traffic from the ingress interface.

With reference to the first aspect or the second aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the code block includes a specific bit. The method comprises the following steps: t2 is the time when the communication device stores the code block carrying the specific bit into the memory; t1 is the time at which the communication device extracts the code block carrying the particular bit from the memory. For example: the 1 st bit in a first small-grain service (such as a service bit stream of a CBR service) is selected as a specific bit, and when the communication device stores a code block corresponding to the 1 st bit of the service bit stream in the memory, the communication device records t2. Accordingly, the communication device records the time when the code block carrying the specific bit is extracted from the memory as t1. Similarly, t3 may also be the time at which the communication device receives a particular bit in the first small particle service.

The specific bit may be selected according to the actual situation, for example: the particular bit may be the 1 st bit, the 100 th bit, the 200 th bit, the 500 th bit, and/or the 1000 th bit of the traffic bit stream, etc.

In one possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the determining, by the controller, the first set of timeslots according to the first transmission delay includes: in the sampling window, the controller acquires a plurality of transmission delays; and acquiring the first transmission delay according to the average value of the transmission delays.

In one possible implementation manner of the second aspect, after the controller sends information indicating the first set of timeslots to the communication device, the method further includes: the controller determines a third time slot set according to the first time slot set, wherein the third time slot set comprises a third time slot; the controller sends information indicating a third set of time slots to the intermediate node, the intermediate node including a downstream node of the communication device, the third set of time slots being for indicating the intermediate node to receive small particle traffic according to the third set of time slots. So that the intermediate node knows that the third time slot set needs to be used for transmitting the first small particle service according to the information indicating the third time slot set.

Specifically, after determining the first time slot set, the source node uploads the first time slot set to the controller. A third set of time slots for the intermediate node to transmit the first small particle traffic and a fourth set of time slots for the sink node to transmit the first small particle traffic are calculated by the controller. Then, the controller issues the third time slot set to the intermediate node (the controller transmits information indicating the third time slot set to the intermediate node), and the controller issues the fourth time slot set to the sink node (the controller transmits information indicating the fourth time slot set to the sink node).

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, when the first condition is met, the controller sends a first indication to the communication device, where the first indication is used to instruct the communication device to determine the first set of timeslots according to the first transmission delay; the first condition includes: and in the first statistical time length, the accumulated data quantity of the first small particle service received by the communication device is larger than or equal to the first target data quantity, or the timing of a first timer of the controller reaches the second statistical time length, wherein the timing of the first timer reaches the second statistical time length and then is reset. The implementation flexibility of the scheme is improved.

In one possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the method further includes: when the second condition is met, the controller sends a second instruction to the communication device, wherein the second instruction is used for instructing the communication device to send small-particle service on the first time slot set;

the second condition includes one or more of: in the third statistical time length, the accumulated data volume of the first small particle service received by the communication device is larger than or equal to the second target data volume, the timing of the second timer of the communication device reaches the fourth statistical time length, the timing of the second timer is reset after being equal to the fourth statistical time length, the timing of the third timer of the controller is equal to any one of a preset time set, the preset time set comprises at least one time, the first transmission delay is larger than or equal to a preset threshold value, or the transmission delay jitter value of the first small particle service measured by the controller is larger than or equal to the target transmission delay jitter value, the transmission delay jitter value is equal to the difference value between the first transmission delay and the second transmission delay, the first transmission delay is the transmission delay of the first small particle service in the communication device in the first measurement period, and the second transmission delay is the transmission delay of the first small particle service in the communication device in the second measurement period. The implementation flexibility of the scheme is improved.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application proposes a communication device, including:

a transceiver module for performing the operations related to the reception and/or transmission performed by the communication device in the foregoing method;

and the processing module is used for executing other operations except the operations related to receiving and/or transmitting executed by the communication device in the method.

Specifically:

the receiving and transmitting module is used for acquiring a first transmission time delay of a first small-particle service in the communication device;

the processing module is used for determining a first time slot set according to the first transmission time delay, wherein the first time slot set comprises a first time slot;

the transceiver module is further configured to transmit a first small particle service on the first set of timeslots.

In a possible implementation manner, the first transmission delay includes:

the first time delay is equal to the buffer time length T1 of the first small particle service waiting to be sent in the memory.

In one possible implementation, t1=t1-T2, where,

In a possible implementation manner, the first transmission delay further includes:

In one possible implementation, t2=t2-T3, where,

In one possible implementation, the code block includes specific bits.

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver module is further configured to obtain a plurality of transmission delays in a sampling window;

the processing module is further configured to obtain a first transmission delay according to an average value of the multiple transmission delays.

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver module is further configured to send the first small particle service on a second time slot set, where the second time slot set is a time slot currently allocated by the communication device for the first small particle service, and the second time slot set includes a second time slot;

the processing module determines a first time slot set according to the first transmission delay, including:

the processing module is specifically configured to determine a first time slot set according to the first transmission delay, the second time slot set and the time slot interval;

The processing module, after determining the first time slot set, the method further includes:

and the receiving and transmitting module is also used for initiating time slot adjustment to the downstream node according to the first time slot set.

In a possible implementation manner, the processing module determines the identification of the first time slot by the following method:

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver module is specifically configured to receive a first indication from the controller, where the first indication is used to instruct the communication device to determine the first set of timeslots according to the first transmission delay.

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver module is specifically configured to send the first transmission delay to the controller;

the transceiver module is specifically configured to receive indication information from the controller, where the indication information indicates the first time slot set.

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver module is further configured to instruct, according to the first set of timeslots, the downstream node to adjust a receiving timeslot corresponding to the received first small-granule service.

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver module is further configured to send the first small particle service on the first set of timeslots according to the second indication sent by the controller.

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver module is further configured to send information indicating the first set of timeslots to the controller.

In a possible implementation manner, the processing module is further configured to determine, when the first condition is met, a first set of timeslots according to a first transmission delay;

the first condition includes one or more of:

the cumulative data volume of the first small particle service received by the transceiver module is greater than or equal to the first target data volume within the first statistical duration,

or the timing of the first timer of the processing module reaches the second statistical duration, wherein the timing of the first timer is reset after the timing of the first timer reaches the second statistical duration.

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver module is further configured to send the first small-particle service on the first set of timeslots when the second condition is satisfied;

the second condition includes one or more of:

the cumulative data volume of the first small particle service received by the transceiver module is greater than or equal to the second target data volume within the third statistical duration,

the second timer of the processing module counts up to the fourth statistical duration, the second timer counts up to the fourth statistical duration and then resets,

the third timer of the processing module counts a time equal to any one of a set of preset times, the set of preset times comprising at least one time,

The first transmission delay is greater than or equal to a preset threshold,

or the transmission delay jitter value of the first small particle service measured by the processing module is greater than or equal to the target transmission delay jitter value, the transmission delay jitter value is equal to the difference value of the first transmission delay and the second transmission delay, the first transmission delay is the transmission delay of the first small particle service in the communication device in the first measurement period, and the second transmission delay is the transmission delay of the first small particle service in the communication device in the second measurement period.

In one possible implementation, the communication device is a source node on an end-to-end transmission path of small particle traffic.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application proposes a controller, including:

a transceiver module for performing the operations related to the reception and/or transmission performed by the controller in the foregoing method;

and the processing module is used for executing other operations except the operations related to the receiving and/or the sending executed by the controller in the method.

Specifically:

The transceiver module is further configured to send information indicating the first set of timeslots to the communication device.

In a possible implementation manner, the first transmission delay includes:

In one possible implementation, t1=t1-T2, where,

In one possible implementation, t2=t2-T3, where,

In a possible implementation manner, the processing module is further configured to determine a third time slot set according to the first time slot set, where the third time slot set includes a third time slot;

the receiving and transmitting module is further configured to send information indicating a third timeslot set to the intermediate node, where the intermediate node includes a downstream node of the communication device, and the third timeslot set is used to instruct the intermediate node to receive the small particle service according to the third timeslot set.

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver module is further configured to send a first indication to the communication device when the first condition is met, where the first indication is used to instruct the communication device to determine the first time slot set according to the first transmission delay;

the first condition includes:

the communication device receives a first small particle service with a cumulative data volume greater than or equal to a first target data volume within a first statistical duration,

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver module is further configured to send a second indication to the communication device when the second condition is met, where the second indication is used to instruct the communication device to send small-particle service on the first set of timeslots;

The second condition includes one or more of:

the accumulated data volume of the first small particle service received by the communication device is greater than or equal to the second target data volume within the third statistical duration,

the first transmission delay is greater than or equal to a preset threshold,

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application proposes a network device, serving as a communication apparatus, including:

a transceiver for acquiring a first transmission delay of a first small particle service in the communication device;

A processor, configured to determine a first time slot set according to the first transmission delay, where the first time slot set includes a first time slot;

the transceiver is further configured to transmit the first small particle traffic over the first set of time slots.

In a possible implementation manner, the first transmission delay includes:

In one possible implementation, t1=t1-T2, where,

In one possible implementation, t2=t2-T3, where,

In one possible implementation, the code block includes specific bits.

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver is further configured to obtain a plurality of transmission delays in a sampling window;

and the processor is also used for acquiring the first transmission delay according to the average value of the transmission delays.

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver is further configured to send the first small particle service on a second set of time slots, where the second set of time slots is a time slot currently allocated by the communication device for the first small particle service, and the second set of time slots includes a second time slot;

the processor determines a first set of timeslots according to the first transmission delay, including:

the processor is specifically configured to determine a first time slot set according to the first transmission delay, the second time slot set and the time slot interval;

the processor, after determining the first set of time slots, the method further comprises:

the transceiver is further configured to initiate a time slot adjustment to a downstream node according to the first set of time slots.

In one possible implementation, the processor determines the identity of the first time slot by:

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver is specifically configured to receive a first indication from the controller, where the first indication is used to instruct the communication device to determine the first set of timeslots according to the first transmission delay.

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver is specifically configured to send the first transmission delay to the controller;

the transceiver is specifically configured to receive indication information from the controller, where the indication information indicates the first set of timeslots.

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver is further configured to instruct, according to the first set of timeslots, the downstream node to adjust a reception timeslot corresponding to the reception of the first small-granule service.

In a possible implementation, the transceiver is further configured to send the first small particle service on the first set of timeslots according to a second indication sent by the controller.

In a possible implementation, the transceiver is further configured to send information indicating the first set of timeslots to the controller.

In a possible implementation manner, the processor is further configured to determine, when the first condition is met, a first set of timeslots according to a first transmission delay;

the first condition includes one or more of:

the cumulative data amount of the first small particle traffic received by the transceiver is greater than or equal to the first target data amount for the first statistical duration,

or the timing of the first timer of the processor reaches the second statistical duration, wherein the timing of the first timer is reset after the timing of the first timer reaches the second statistical duration.

In a possible implementation, the transceiver is further configured to send the first small particle service on the first set of timeslots when the second condition is met;

the second condition includes one or more of:

the cumulative data amount of the first small particle traffic received by the transceiver is greater than or equal to the second target data amount within the third statistical period,

the second timer of the processor counts up to a fourth statistical duration, the second timer counts up to the fourth statistical duration and then resets,

the third timer of the processor counts a time equal to any one of a set of preset times, the set of preset times comprising at least one time,

the first transmission delay is greater than or equal to a preset threshold,

or the transmission delay jitter value of the first small particle service measured by the processor is greater than or equal to the target transmission delay jitter value, the transmission delay jitter value is equal to the difference value of the first transmission delay and the second transmission delay, the first transmission delay is the transmission delay of the first small particle service in the communication device in the first measurement period, and the second transmission delay is the transmission delay of the first small particle service in the communication device in the second measurement period.

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application proposes a network device, for use as a controller, the network device comprising:

the transceiver is further configured to transmit information indicative of the first set of time slots to the communication device.

In a possible implementation manner, the first transmission delay includes:

In one possible implementation, t1=t1-T2, where,

In one possible implementation, t2=t2-T3, where,

In a possible implementation manner, the processor is further configured to determine a third time slot set according to the first time slot set, where the third time slot set includes a third time slot;

and a transceiver configured to send information indicating a third set of time slots to the intermediate node, the intermediate node including a downstream node of the communication device, the third set of time slots being configured to instruct the intermediate node to receive the small particle traffic according to the third set of time slots.

In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver is further configured to send a first indication to the communication device when the first condition is met, where the first indication is used to instruct the communication device to determine the first set of timeslots according to the first transmission delay;

the first condition includes:

In a possible implementation, the transceiver is further configured to send a second indication to the communication device when the second condition is met, the second indication being configured to instruct the communication device to send small particle traffic on the first set of timeslots;

the second condition includes one or more of:

the first transmission delay is greater than or equal to a preset threshold,

In a seventh aspect, there is provided a communication system comprising a communication device as in the third or fourth aspect.

An eighth aspect of the present application provides a computer storage medium, which may be nonvolatile; the computer storage medium has stored therein computer readable instructions which when executed by a processor implement the method of any of the implementations of the first or second aspects.

A ninth aspect of the application provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of the implementations of the first or second aspects.

A tenth aspect of the application provides a chip system comprising a processor and interface circuitry for supporting a network device to perform the functions involved in the above aspects, e.g. to transmit or process data and/or information involved in the above methods. In one possible design, the chip system further includes a memory to hold program instructions and data necessary for the network device. The chip system can be composed of chips, and can also comprise chips and other discrete devices.

An eleventh aspect of the present application provides a communication apparatus comprising: a communication interface;

a processor coupled to the communication interface, the communication device being caused to perform the method as in the first aspect described above based on the communication interface and the processor.

A twelfth aspect of the present application provides a controller comprising: a communication interface;

a processor coupled to the communication interface, the controller being caused to perform the method as in the second aspect described above based on the communication interface and the processor.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in which a small particle technology is applied to a smart grid;

FIGS. 2 a-2 b are schematic diagrams of FGU-based frames;

FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of the structure of FGU multiframe;

FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of FGU-based frame overhead;

FIG. 3c is a schematic diagram of CRC7 calculation;

fig. 4a is a schematic diagram of a processing flow of a CRB service;

FIG. 4b is a base frame payload schematic;

fig. 4c is a schematic diagram of a small-particle service multiframe according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5-6 are schematic diagrams of bandwidth adjustment flow for small particle traffic;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a network scenario in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of slot scheduling for small particle traffic;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of acquiring transmission delay according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic view of an application scenario in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of an application scenario in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1600 according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1700 according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1800 according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a network system 1900 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application are described below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are merely some, but not all embodiments of the application. As a person skilled in the art can know, with the appearance of a new application scenario, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application is also applicable to similar technical problems.

The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above-described figures, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the description so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments are capable of operation in other sequences than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to those steps or modules that are expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. The naming or numbering of the steps in the present application does not mean that the steps in the method flow must be executed according to the time/logic sequence indicated by the naming or numbering, and the execution sequence of the steps in the flow that are named or numbered may be changed according to the technical purpose to be achieved, so long as the same or similar technical effects can be achieved. The division of the units in the present application is a logical division, and may be implemented in another manner in practical application, for example, a plurality of units may be combined or integrated in another system, or some features may be omitted or not implemented, and in addition, coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and indirect coupling or communication connection between the units may be electrical or other similar manners, which are not limited in the present application. The units or sub-units described as separate components may be physically separated or not, may be physical units or not, or may be distributed in a plurality of circuit units, and some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present application.

First, some technical concepts related to the embodiments of the present application will be described.

(1) Small particle technology.

In small particle technology, small particle traffic is carried by small particle units (fine granularity unit, FGU). In one specific implementation, the small particle technology inherits the efficient ethernet core of a slice packet network (slicing packet network, SPN), integrates fine-grain slicing technology into the overall architecture of the SPN, and provides a low-cost, fine, hard-isolated small particle carrier pipeline. FGU refines the granularity of hard slices from 5 gigabits per-second (Gpbs) to 10 megabits per second (megabits per second, mbps) to meet the differentiated service bearer requirements of small bandwidth, high isolation, high security, etc. in the scenarios of fifth generation mobile communication technology+ (th generation mobile communication technology +, 5g+) vertical industry application and private line service, etc.

Next, an application scenario of the small particle technology is described with reference to the accompanying drawings. For example, fig. 1 illustrates a scenario in which the small particle technology is applied to a smart grid, and fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario. Smart grids are composed of many parts, which can be divided into: intelligent substation, intelligent distribution network, intelligent electric energy meter, intelligent interactive terminal, intelligent dispatch, intelligent household electrical appliances, intelligent electricity utilization building, intelligent city power consumption net, intelligent power generation system, and/or novel energy storage system etc..

The intelligent power grid is formed by organically integrating an information technology, a sensor technology, an automatic control technology and a power grid infrastructure, so that panoramic information of the power grid can be obtained, and possible faults can be found and foreseen in time. When the fault occurs, the power grid can quickly isolate the fault and realize self-recovery, thereby avoiding large-area power failure. In the intelligent power grid, the flexible AC/DC power transmission, the coordination of network factories, the intelligent scheduling, the power energy storage, the distribution automation and other technologies are widely applied, so that the operation control of the power grid is more flexible and economical, and the intelligent power grid can be suitable for the access of a large number of distributed power supplies, micro power grids and electric automobile charging and discharging facilities. The comprehensive application of communication, information and modern management technology can greatly improve the service efficiency of the power equipment, reduce the electric energy loss and enable the power grid to run more economically and efficiently. The method realizes high integration, sharing and utilization of real-time and non-real-time information, displays a comprehensive, complete and fine power grid operation state diagram for operation management, and can provide corresponding auxiliary decision support, control implementation scheme and coping plan. A service mode of bidirectional interaction is established in the intelligent power grid, so that a user can know power supply capacity, power quality, power price status and power failure information in real time, and electric appliances are reasonably arranged for use; the power enterprises can acquire the detailed electricity consumption of the users and provide more value-added services for the users.

Based on the requirements, the intelligent power grid business has high requirements on real-time performance and safety. The service bandwidth requirement is generally not more than 20Mbps, the end-to-end unidirectional time delay requirement is less than 20 milliseconds (ms), and the reliability and safety requirements are higher, so that the service characteristics of small bandwidth, certainty low time delay, high reliability and high safety are presented, and the service characteristics of no power supply accident caused by communication are ensured. Various terminal devices and network devices may be included in the small particle business scenario, such as: a power management unit (Power Management Unit, PMU), or data transfer units (Data Transfer unit, DTU) for each stage. Or, various smart meters or smart switches, etc.

In a smart grid scenario, it may be divided into multiple classes of slices, for example: for production type services such as a transmission network (I area), a scheduling data network (II area) and the like, small-particle hard slices are adopted; for management services such as a comprehensive data network (III region), an IV region and the like, an MTN interface grouping slice is adopted; for common traffic, MTN interface packet slicing is employed.

It will be appreciated that the small particle technology may also be applied to a variety of scenarios, including but not limited to: medical, port, rail, or private line service, etc., without limitation.

(2) Small particle unit frames.

The specific frame structure of the small particle unit is described below. Small particle unit frames, also known as small particle unit (fine granularity unit, FGU) frames, or FGU frames. The small granule technology adopts a time division multiplexing (time-division multiplexing, TDM) mechanism to cyclically transmit small granule unit frames with a fixed period, and the number and the position of time slots contained in each frame are strictly fixed, so that the transmission period of each time slot is deterministic. To support a greater number of less granular time slot channels while improving bandwidth utilization. Exemplary, the small granule service scheme adopts a multiframe mode to divide the time slot of 5Gbps granules of the SPN channel layer, or divides the time slot of 1Gbps granules, and the like.

The SPN channel layer is positioned at a physical coding sublayer (physical coding sublayer, PCS) layer of the IEEE 802.3 and adopts a PCS64/66B coding format of the IEEE 802.3. The small granule unit frame adopts the same 64/66B coding format as the SPN channel layer, and encapsulates the overhead and the payload containing a plurality of time slots into a S block+D block+T block sequence with fixed length after coding.

Illustratively, the small granule unit frames include FGU base unit frames (also referred to as FGU base frames, base units, or single frames) having a fixed length, containing 1 start code block (S0), 195 data code blocks (D), and 1 end code block (T7), for a total of 197 66B code blocks (66B blocks). 195 data code blocks and 1 end (T7) code block of the FGU single frame provide 1567 (195× 8+7) bytes of data content, containing 7 bytes of overhead and 1560 bytes of payload. Wherein the payload is divided into 24 Sub-slots (Sub-slots) of the same size. The 66B code blocks from the service are compressed 66B to 65B and then filled into Sub-Slot payloads. Each Sub-Slot (Sub-Slot) is 65 bytes and can carry 8 65bit code blocks. Specifically, referring to fig. 2a to 2b, fig. 2a to 2b are schematic structural diagrams of FGU base frames.

Each Sub-Slot (Sub-Slot) is 65 bytes, can bear 8 65b code blocks, and can be independently divided into a fine granularity Sub-Client for use. 20 fg-BU constitute a multiframe, within which 24×20=480 Sub-slots (Sub-slots) are provided. The total bandwidth value of each Sub-Slot (Sub-Slot) is 10.101Mbps (containing client signals, OAM information, IDLE, etc.), and the bandwidth available for the client signal bearer is 10Mbps.

Each sub-slot carries 8 66B code blocks (64/66B coding type of IEEE 802.3 chapter 82 is adopted) from the corresponding traffic, and unused slots not allocated to traffic fill 8 Error code blocks. The total 24×8=192 66B code blocks of the 24 sub-slots are compressed 66B to 65B (where the first bit of 65B is 0 representing the data code block and 1 representing the control code block) and filled into the payload slots. And adding 7 bytes of overhead, and sequentially filling the added 7 bytes of overhead into the payloads of the D code block and the T7 code block of the fg-BU. In fig. 2B, each sub-slot receives a 65B code block first. Each 65B code block, the compressed sync header is sent first, the remaining 64 bits are consistent with IEEE 802.3, and each field least significant bit (least significant bit, LSB) is sent first. Fine granularity transmission and data unit frame structure requirements, please refer to table 1:

TABLE 1

Referring to fig. 3a, fig. 3a is a schematic structural diagram of FGU multiframe. One FGU multiframe contains 20 FGU base frames, each supporting 24 slots, and one SPN channel layer 5Gbps granule supporting 480 slots.

Illustratively, taking a 5Gbps flexible ethernet Client (flexible ethernet Client, flexE Client) interface as an example, the multiframe period is 50.688 microseconds (us), and the slot spacing is 50.688/480≡ 0.1056 microseconds.

Each FGU base frame includes a base frame Overhead (OH), also referred to as overhead or OH in embodiments of the present application, and a base frame payload (payload). It should be noted that the FGU base frame may also include other content, which is not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

The specific format of the overhead length of 56 bits (payload area bits 0-55 of the first 64/66B data code block) included in each FGU basic frame is shown in fig. 3B, where the GCC channel shares bit positions with the client ID and sub-slot ID, when the Flag value is 11, it represents that the corresponding bit position after CA in fig. 3B is used by the GCC channel, and when the Flag value is 00, it represents that the corresponding bit position is used by the client ID and sub-slot ID.

Referring to fig. 3b, fig. 3b is a schematic diagram of FGU base frame overhead. The overhead includes: a multiframe indication (MFI), an identification (Flag) field, a Reserved (RES) field, and an overhead information area. The method comprises the following steps:

Multiframe indication (multiframe indicator, MFI), MFI length of 6 bits, for indicating the number of each base frame in the FGU multiframe, the MFI value for the first base frame in the multiframe is 0. For the base frame following the first base frame, the value of MFI is sequentially increased by 1. For the 5G channel, the MFI values range from 0 to 19.

An identification (Flag) field, also called overhead channel usage indication, for indicating the use of bit positions in the overhead after the CA field. The Flag field is also called an overhead channel usage indication field. The length of the identification (Flag) field is 2 bits long, indicating whether the 33 bits position after CA is for a general communication channel (general communication channel, GCC) or a client ID, sub-slot ID. When the Flag value is 11, it represents that the corresponding bit position after CA in fig. 3b is used for GCC channel, and when the Flag value is 00, it represents that the corresponding bit position is used for client ID, sub-slot ID. When there is a slot adjustment requirement, S, C, CR, CA bits may carry valid information with a value of 1 only when the Flag value is 00. When S, C, CR, CA bits of information having a value of 1 have been sent, the Flag value in the overhead will revert to 11 and S, C, CR, CA bits to the default value of 0. The continuous two frame overheads consisting of even frames with mfi=n (n=0, 2,4,) and odd frames with mfi=n+1 in the multiframe have the same Flag value. When the continuous two frame overhead Flag values are 00, if no lossless adjustment message is transmitted in the next frame overhead, S, C, CR, CA bits are 0, the client ID field and the sub-slot ID field are invalid, and the receiving end ignores the information. The lossless adjustment message cannot interrupt the GCC message being transmitted. In the case of neither bandwidth adjustment nor management channel information, the Flag field is filled with an 11 value and the GCC contents are filled with Idle.

The overhead information area includes: a slot increment adjustment notification (S field), a slot validation indication (C field), a Change Answer (CA) field (CA field is also referred to as a slot adjustment answer field), a Change Request (CR) field (CR field is also referred to as a slot adjustment request field), a general communication channel (general communication channel, GCC), a client identification (client ID), a slot identification (sub-slot ID), and a cyclic redundancy check (cyclic redundancy check, CRC).

Slot increase adjustment announcement (S bits): a 1 bit length for downstream notification of upstream start of adjustment of slot increase adjustment. When the S bit is 1, the Flag of the corresponding overhead should be 00, and the overhead carries the client ID related to adjustment, and the sub-slot ID field is reserved (the sender fills in 0 entirely, and the receiver does not perform forced detection).

Time slot validation indication (C bits): 1 bit length for slot adjustment to take effect. After CA is received, the time slot is adjusted to be effective, and then the C bit positions of the first three basic units of a certain multiframe are all set to be 1 for transmission. When the C bit is 1, the Flag of the corresponding overhead should be 00, and the overhead carries the client ID and sub-slot ID information related to adjustment. The client ID is all zeros as bandwidth decreases.

Time slot adjustment request (CR bit): and the length of 1 bit is used for sending the request for adjusting the time slot, at the moment, CR bit positions of a certain basic unit are all 1 to be sent, when the CR bit positions are 1, the Flag of the corresponding overhead is 00, and the overhead carries the client ID and sub-slot ID information related to adjustment. The client ID is all zeros as bandwidth decreases. After the CR message is sent, the CA response timeout timer is set to 1s. And if the CA response is not generated after the time-out, retransmitting the CR message, wherein the maximum number of times of retransmission of the CR message is 3.

Slot adjust acknowledgement (CA bits): and the length of 1 bit is used for receiving the adjustment time slot response after CR, at this time, the CA bit of a certain basic unit is set to be 1 for transmission, when the CA bit is 1, the Flag of the corresponding overhead is set to be 00, and the overhead carries the client ID and sub-slot ID information related to adjustment. The client ID is all zeros as bandwidth decreases.

client ID: the 12 bits long, the MSB two bits higher, remain, the next 10 bits currently being used temporarily. For the 5Gbps channel, the client ID value can be updated segment by segment, the client ID bit value is not used when being all 0, the client ID bit value of all 1 is reserved, and the client ID bit value of not all 0 and not all 1 is effectively used.

sub-slot ID: the 12 bits long, the MSB two bits higher, remain, the next 10 bits currently being used temporarily. For a 5Gbps channel, the sub-slot ID value range is 0-479, and the value of all 1 bits is reserved.

CRC is 7 bits long, calculated from the first 41 bits (field after Flag containing, no initial 2 bits reserved and 6 bits MFI). With bits sent earlier as high bits (x ⁴⁰ ) And (5) performing calculation. CRC7 polynomial: x7+x5+x4+x2+x+1, the initial value is 0.CRC7 results [ x6:x0]High (x) ⁶ ) And (5) first sending.

For ease of understanding, please refer to fig. 3c, fig. 3c is a schematic diagram of CRC7 calculation. Specifically, the request allocates slot 308# to 291# traffic.

(4) Traffic bit stream to small particle traffic multiframe.

In the following, a fixed bit rate (constant bit rate, CBR) service is taken as an example of the small-granule service, and how to process the service bit stream to obtain a small-granule service multiframe after the node receives the service bit stream is described. It can be understood that the small-particle service related to the embodiment of the present application may also be other services transmitted based on the small-particle technology, such as Ethernet (Ethernet) service, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 4a, fig. 4a is a schematic diagram of a CRB service processing flow. The processing flow of the CBR service comprises the following steps:

S1, service slicing.

In step S1, the node receives a service bit stream, where CBR service is carried in the service bit stream. Specifically, the service bit stream includes j CBR service frames, j being a positive integer greater than 1. And after receiving j CBR service frames, the node slices the service data to obtain corresponding service slices. The specific slicing scheme comprises the following steps: a bit transparent slice mode, i.e. not identifying the specific content of the service frame, but slicing according to a fixed bit number, for example, every i bit slices to obtain a service slice, where i is a positive integer greater than 1; the frame slice model, i.e. identifies a specific frame format, and then slices according to a fixed number of frames, e.g. every j frame slices, where j is a positive integer greater than 1, to obtain a traffic slice.

S2, slicing and packaging.

In step S2, after the node performs slicing processing on the service bit stream to obtain a corresponding service slice, the service slice is subjected to encapsulation processing to obtain a corresponding service container. Specifically, overhead is added to the service slice, and the length of the obtained service slice added with the overhead is the same as the length of the payload of the low-order time slot, for example, Y bits are used, and Y is a positive integer greater than 1. The specific packaging flow is as follows: and adding one or more of the following information on the basis of the service slice: an extended Sequence number (ESQ), a frequency synchronization message (e.g., timestamp), a payload length, padding (padding), or a check field. The ESQ serial number is used for carrying out lossless protection or loss detection on the service slice; the frequency synchronization message is used for transmitting clock information related to the service; when the length of the service slice is smaller than the payload length of the low-order time slot, the payload length or padding is required to be packaged, and the payload length or padding is used for identifying the payload length; the check field is used for performing error code check on the service slice.

After adding the overhead to the service slice, the node further encapsulates the service slice added with the overhead to obtain a service container. Specifically, adding frame boundary and frame interval encapsulation to the service slice added with overhead to obtain a service container.

The node then converts the traffic container into a 64B/66B stream of code blocks, in other words maps the traffic container onto corresponding I, S, T and D code blocks.

S3, inserting operation, administration and maintenance (OAM) code blocks.

In step S3, the node inserts an OAM code block in the code block stream. The OAM code block is also referred to as an OAM message in embodiments of the present application.

S4, transcoding the compressed data.

In step S4, in order to improve the bearing efficiency of the data channel, the transcoding compression process is performed on the 64B/66B code block stream inserted into the OAM code block, and the specific transcoding algorithm may be a 64B/65B transcoding algorithm or a 256B/257B transcoding algorithm, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

S5, the data slice is a low-order time slot payload.

In step S5, the node performs slicing processing on the transcoded data stream according to a certain bit length, for example: slicing is performed according to the payload length per time slot (Y bits, Y being a positive integer greater than 1), which is equal to the length of the low-order time slot payload. Also for example: the payload length per time slot may be Z code blocks, which may be 64B/66B code blocks, or may be transcoded 64B/65B code blocks, or may be 256B/257B code blocks, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

When the node obtains the low-order time slot payload, the low-order time slot payload is loaded into a base frame payload (payload). Referring specifically to fig. 4b, fig. 4b is a schematic diagram of a base frame payload. The encapsulation process of the small particle service base frame (the small particle service base frame is simply called as a base frame in the embodiment of the present application) is as follows: FGU base frames are encapsulated with S-code blocks (also known as/S/code blocks), D-code blocks (also known as/D/code blocks), and T-code blocks (also known as/T/code blocks). The data fields in the code block stream together form a payload field of the base frame, wherein the data fields in the S code block are used as optional field segments, and the T code block can be T ₀ -T ₇ Any one of seven code blocks. The base frame payload field is used to load (M/X) low-order slot payloads and low-order slot Overheads (OH). The (M/X) low-order time slot payload fields load different low-order channel (sub-Client) data according to a time slot table, wherein M is a positive integer greater than 1, and X is a positive integer greater than 1; the low order slot overhead field contains the base frame sequence number, low orderChannel slot allocation table, management message channel (management message channel is optional), overhead check (overhead check is optional), etc.

After the node obtains the base frame, the base frame is sent out in the form of a small particle service multiframe, in other words, the small particle service multiframe is mapped to an exit time slot position and then sent out. Specifically, referring to fig. 4c, fig. 4c is a schematic diagram of a small-particle service multiframe in an embodiment of the present application. Nodes divide M low-order time slots in a flexible Ethernet (Flexible Ethernet, flexe) Client (Client) interface or a common Ethernet (ETH) port with the bandwidth of N X5 Gbps for cyclic transmission, each cycle is defined as a multiframe, and the multiframe is further divided into X fixed-length base frames, wherein N is a positive integer greater than 1. The payload of each base frame is loaded with (M/X) low-order slots. The base frames are encapsulated by adopting S code blocks, T code blocks and I code blocks (i.e. idle code blocks), and the boundary of each base frame is determined. Each base frame header carries a portion of the low-order overhead, and X base frame overheads form a multi-frame overhead for transmitting the low-channel slot configuration and management messages.

(5) Bandwidth adjustment.

The bandwidth adjustment procedure for small particle traffic is described below in connection with fig. 5-6. Fig. 5-6 are schematic diagrams of bandwidth adjustment flow for small particle traffic. Exemplary, application scenarios include: PE1 node, n intermediate nodes (Pn node-P1 node), PE0 node, and a controller (not shown) are illustrated, where n is an integer greater than 1. In the service scenario, the data flow direction is that a PE1 node is a data inlet, a PE0 node is a data outlet, and data of the PE1 node is sent to the PE0 node through Pn node-P1 node.

(3.1), bandwidth reduction.

Referring to fig. 5, a bandwidth reduction flow is illustrated in fig. 5. Firstly, the controller transmits service bandwidth adjustment information to all nodes on a service path. And the PE1 node sends an FGU base frame to the Pn node according to the service bandwidth adjustment information, wherein the FGU frame comprises OH with a CR field of 1. The CR field in the OH is 1 and the client ID is 0, indicating that the OH is used to instruct the next hop node to reduce the bandwidth of the small particle traffic. The sub-slot ID field in the OH carries the identifier of the slot that needs to be reduced for the small-particle service. For example, the small granule service originally used slot 1, slot 2, slot 3, and slot 4, each occupying 10Mbps of bandwidth. When the service bandwidth adjustment information indicates that the small-granule service needs to reduce the bandwidth to 30Mbps, the PE1 node determines, according to the service bandwidth adjustment information, that the time slot resource used by the small-granule service is changed into: slot 1, slot 2 and slot 3 (i.e. one slot is reduced in use). The sub-slot ID field in the OH sent by the PE1 node to the Pn node carries the identification of the slot 4. For convenience of description, the OH of the CR field of 1 is also referred to as CR.

After receiving the CR, the Pn node knows that the bandwidth of the small-particle service needs to be reduced, and therefore feeds back OH to the PE0 node, where the value of the CA field in the OH is 1. The sub-slot ID field in the OH carries the identity of slot 4. For ease of description, the OH with the CA field of 1 is also referred to as CA.

The PE1 node receives CA from Pn node and switches the slot table of the small grain service, specifically, from the original slot table (the original slot table comprises a slot 1, a slot 2, a slot 3 and a slot 4) to a new slot table (the new slot table comprises a slot 1, a slot 2 and a slot 3).

When the slot table switching is completed, the PE1 node sends OH to the Pn node, where the C field in the OH is 1, and the OH indicates that the PE1 node has completed bandwidth reduction for the small-particle service. For convenience of description, the OH of the C field of 1 is also referred to as C. And after receiving the OH, the Pn node adjusts the bandwidth of the small-particle service. Specifically, the flow of interaction between the Pn node and the Pn-1 node is similar to the flow of interaction between the PE1 node and the Pn node, and will not be described herein.

After the P1 node receives C from the last hop node (e.g., P2 node), the P1 node starts to adjust the bandwidth of the small particle traffic. Specifically, the P1 node sends CR to the PE0 node, the PE0 node sends CA to the P1 node according to CR, and the P1 node switches the slot table of the small-granule service according to CA and then sends C to the PE0 node. And the bandwidth adjustment of the small-particle service is completed through the flow.

(3.2) bandwidth increases.

Referring to fig. 6, a bandwidth increasing flow is illustrated in fig. 6. Firstly, the controller transmits service bandwidth adjustment information to all nodes on a service path. And the PE1 node sends an FGU base frame to the P1 node according to the service bandwidth adjustment information, wherein the FGU frame comprises OH with S field of 1. The S field in the OH is 1, and the client ID is not 0, which indicates that the OH is used to instruct the last hop node to increase the bandwidth of the small-granule service. For convenience of description, the OH with the S field of 1 is also called DD. The sub-slot ID field in the OH carries the identifier of the slot that needs to be added for the small-particle service. For example, the small granule service originally uses time slot 1, time slot 2, and time slot 3, and each word time slot occupies 10Mbps of bandwidth. When the service bandwidth adjustment information indicates that the small-granule service needs to increase the bandwidth to 40Mbps, the PE1 node determines, according to the service bandwidth adjustment information, that the time slot resource used by the small-granule service is changed into: slot 1, slot 2, slot 3 and slot 4 (i.e. one slot is added). The sub-slot ID field in the OH sent by the PE1 node to the P1 node carries the identifier of the slot 4.

After receiving the DD, the P1 node learns that the bandwidth of the small-particle service needs to be increased, so that OH is fed back to the PE1 node, and the value of the CR field in the OH is 1. The sub-slot ID field in the OH carries the identity of slot 4. For convenience of description, the OH of the CR field of 1 is also referred to as CR.

After the PE1 node receives the CR, it feeds back OH to the PE1 node, where the CA field in the OH has a value of 1. The sub-slot ID field in the OH carries the identity of slot 4. For ease of description, the OH with the CA field of 1 is also referred to as CA.

The P1 node switches the slot table of the small granule service after receiving the CA from the PE1 node, specifically, switches from the original slot table (the original slot table includes: slot 1, slot 2, and slot 3) to the new slot table (the new slot table includes: slot 1, slot 2, slot 3, and slot 4).

When the slot table is switched, the P1 node sends OH to the PE1 node, where the C field in the OH is 1, and the OH indicates that the P1 node has completed bandwidth reduction for the small-particle service. For convenience of description, the OH of the C field of 1 is also referred to as C. And after the PE1 node receives the OH, adjusting the bandwidth of the small-particle service.

After the P1 node completes the bandwidth adjustment of the small-particle service, the DD is sent to the previous-hop node (e.g., P2 node). Specifically, the flow of interaction between the P1 node and the P2 node is similar to the flow of interaction between the PE1 node and the Pn node, and will not be described herein.

When the PE1 node receives the DD for the next hop node (e.g., pn node), the PE1 node begins to adjust the bandwidth of the small particle traffic. The specific flow is similar to the adjustment of bandwidth between the PE0 node and the P1 node. And the bandwidth adjustment of the small-particle service is completed through the flow.

(3.3)：

For the case that the same client ID adjusts multiple time slots at the same time, multiple CR or CA information can be sent, each CR information carries the client ID related to adjustment and one time slot ID information, and after the next node receives the multiple CR information, the next node sends back multiple CA information for time slot adjustment response to the client ID related to adjustment of CR and the time slot ID information to the previous node respectively. For the case that the same client ID is added with a plurality of slots at the same time, only one S message is sent (the S information carries the client ID).

When the previous node receives multiple CA information, if multiple CRs sent by the node can all correspond to each other, the node may send only one set of C information to the next node for adjustment of the client ID instead of sending one set of C information for each slot ID. The group C information carries only the client ID and slot ID information related to the minimum slot number of the adjusted slots. The receiving end does not need to forcedly detect the time slot ID message in the C information.

Normally, the traffic bandwidth transceiving directions of the small particles are symmetrical. For the small granule bidirectional channel, the two directions are respectively and independently executed with the time slot adjusting flow. For the adjustment procedure of increasing the slot bandwidth, after the source PE node receives the returned CA information, the traffic bandwidth is actually adjusted to be increased. For the adjustment procedure to reduce the slot bandwidth, the actual adjustment of the traffic bandwidth is reduced before the source PE node sends the CR information.

For a certain 5Gbps MTN channel, only one service is required to support slot adjustment at the same time. The number of the management and control issued adjustment services is decoupled from the number of the single adjustment services of each channel of the device forwarding layer, namely the management and control can support the adjustment of a plurality of service time slots issued once without limitation, and the device forwarding layer only adjusts a single service at each time in each 5Gbps channel. Specifically, for the fine-granularity channel slot bandwidth adjustment flow, the upstream node only sends a CR message corresponding to the adjustment of a client ID slot to the downstream node at a time for each port or channel until the next CR message corresponding to the adjustment of the client ID slot is sent after determining that the adjustment of the client ID slot is effective and sending a C message.

When the time slot adjustment of one end-to-end small particle channel is not completed due to faults and the like, the network elements need to be retracted, and the network elements with detected problems report alarm information to the management and control, and the management and control issues a command for canceling the time slot adjustment to the network elements of the end-to-end channel. For the adjusted paragraphs, a reverse backoff is performed according to the small particle slot adjustment procedure described above.

After the CR message is sent, the CA response timeout timer is set to 1s. And if the CA response is not generated after the time-out, retransmitting the CR message, wherein the maximum number of times of retransmission of the CR message is 3. When the CR retransmits 3 times and does not receive CA, the network element reports alarm information to the management and control, and the management and control issues a command for canceling the time slot adjustment to each network element of the end-to-end channel.

In the small particle channel time slot bandwidth increasing and adjusting process, after the node S message is sent, the overtime timer of the received upstream node CR message is set to be 1S. And if the CR message is not found out after the time-out, retransmitting the S message, wherein the maximum number of times of retransmission of the S message is 3. When the S retransmits 3 times and the upstream CR is not received, the network element reports the alarm information to the management and control, and the management and control issues a command for canceling the time slot adjustment to each network element of the end-to-end channel.

In the small particle channel bandwidth adjustment process, if the network element which is being adjusted fails to adjust, alarm information is reported to the management and control, and the management and control issues a command for canceling the time slot adjustment to each network element of the end-to-end channel.

In the small granule channel slot bandwidth reduction adjustment procedure, if a backoff is required, for a paragraph for which the bandwidth reduction adjustment has been performed, the backoff is performed according to the bandwidth increase adjustment procedure from the end point (i.e., the bandwidth adjustment is performed sequentially upstream segment by segment). And (3) recovering configuration (deleting time slot adjustment information issued by the adjustment operation control) for the paragraphs which do not execute bandwidth reduction adjustment.

In the small granule channel time slot bandwidth increase adjustment procedure, if a back-off is required, for a paragraph for which the bandwidth increase adjustment has been performed, the back-off will be performed according to the bandwidth decrease adjustment procedure from the head node (i.e., the bandwidth decrease adjustment is performed sequentially downstream segment by segment). And (3) recovering configuration (deleting time slot adjustment information issued by the adjustment operation control) for the paragraphs which do not execute bandwidth increase adjustment.

In the small particle channel time slot bandwidth increasing or decreasing flow, if any one of the two direction end-to-end network elements fails to adjust execution, the rollback flow needs to be executed in both directions.

Next, a network scenario according to an embodiment of the present application will be described. Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a network scenario in an embodiment of the application. The small particle service network (FGU network) comprises an edge node 1, an edge node 2 and an intermediate node, wherein the edge node 1 is regarded as a source node, the edge node 2 is regarded as a sink node, the intermediate node comprises Q nodes, and Q is an integer greater than 1. There is a bi-directional traffic flow (also referred to as a traffic bit stream) between the source node and the sink node, which carries small particle traffic. In the embodiment of the application, the direction of the service flow sent by the source node to the destination node is called a first direction, and the first direction can also be called a forward direction or an access (ingress) direction of the source node; the traffic flow direction from the sink node to the source node is referred to as a second direction, which may also be referred to as a backward direction, or the sink node. The above-described nodes may also be referred to as network devices including, but not limited to: a switch, router, or packet transport network (packet transport network, PTN) device.

Illustratively, edge node 1 (source node) and edge node 2 (sink node) are considered operator edge routers (PEs), i.e., PE1 and PE2 in fig. 7. The intermediate nodes are considered operator backbone routers (P). The nodes that send or receive traffic to an edge node may be referred to as customer edge routers (CEs), such as CE1 and CE2 in fig. 7, where CE1 is connected to edge node 1 and CE2 is connected to edge node 2.

Taking fig. 7 as an example, traffic is transferred between CEs 1 to 2, specifically: the PE node is an access or egress node for small particle traffic, and the P node is a small particle traffic crossover (forwarding) node. Traffic is carried through small particle traffic pipes between PE1 and PE2. The small particle traffic pipe (or small particle traffic channel) refers to a TDM mechanism end-to-end hard isolation pipe that uses small particle traffic slot bearers. The traffic is forwarded transparently with small granule time slot crossings at node P. The number of time slots bundled by the small particle traffic pipe (or the number of time slots occupied by the small particle traffic pipe) depends on the bandwidth size required by the traffic, and the bandwidth size of the smallest time slot bundled in the small particle traffic pipe is 10 megabits per second (Mbps).

For small-grain service less than or equal to 10Mbps, one sub slot (sub slot) bearer is adopted, namely, the bandwidth occupied by one sub slot is 10Mbps. Taking the 5Gbps FlexE interface as an example, the 5Gbps FlexE interface supports 480 slot scheduling periods of 50.688 microseconds (us). In other words, the scheduling interval of each 10Mbps slot is one multiframe period (50.688 us).

For ease of understanding, referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of time slot scheduling for small particle traffic. The slot position where the service is allocated is slot number 2#. At time (1), the traffic is mapped into a code block, and the slot position where the code block is transmitted is called the small particle unit FGU slot. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, a code block may refer to one code block, or may refer to a code block sequence (or a code block stream) formed by a plurality of code blocks. The time slot position allocated by the node for the service is the time slot number 2#, and the time slot corresponding to the time slot number 2# is also called FGU time slot. Since the slot position corresponding to the time (1) is the slot number 3# of the multiframe N, the slot number 2# of the multiframe N is missed, and thus the code block cannot be transmitted on the slot number 2# of the multiframe N. It is necessary to wait until slot number 2# of the next multiframe (i.e., multiframe N + 1) and then transmit the code block. In other words, in the process of mapping the service received by the source node to the FGU slot, after missing the slot position allocated for the service in the current multiframe, the source node needs to send the code block at the same slot position of the next multiframe. Thus, a large transmission delay jitter is caused. The transmission delay jitter from the source node to the destination node reaches 50.688us. With the development of technology, the requirements for transmission delay jitter are increasing, for example: in an industrial control scene, the maximum transmission delay jitter is required to be smaller than 20us for the communication of control messages for controlling the industrial robot. Therefore, there is a need to reduce the above transmission delay jitter.

Based on the above, the embodiment of the application provides a communication method. First, a communication device obtains a first transmission delay of a first small particle service in the communication device. Then, the communication device determines a first time slot set according to the first transmission delay, wherein the first time slot set comprises one or more first time slots; finally, the communication device transmits the first small particle traffic over the first set of timeslots. The communication device references the first small particle traffic to obtain a first set of time slots after a first transmission delay in the communication device. Therefore, compared with the second time slot set originally allocated to the first small-particle service in the communication device, the first time slot set is closer to the moment when the communication device extracts the code block from the memory in the time domain, so that the transmission delay jitter generated when the communication device sends the small-particle service can be effectively reduced, and the hardware requirement of the communication device for time delay compensation is reduced. The hardware implementation cost is reduced, and the communication quality is ensured to meet the requirement of small-particle service.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first time slot set may be calculated by a communication device, where the communication device is a source node on an end-to-end transmission path of the small-particle service; the first set of timeslots may also be calculated by a controller for controlling and managing individual nodes on the end-to-end transmission path of small particle traffic. The controller may also be referred to as a network management device or management device, as the application is not limited in this regard. The following describes embodiments of the present application according to the difference of the calculated positions of the first time slot set.

First, the communication device is described as calculating a first set of time slots. Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a communication method according to the present application. The communication method provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps:

901. the communication device obtains a first transmission delay of a first small particle service in the communication device.

In this embodiment, the communication device first obtains a first transmission delay of a first small-particle service in the communication device, and for convenience of understanding, please refer to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in an embodiment of the present application. In the application scenario illustrated in fig. 10, an end-to-end transmission flow of the first small-particle service is illustrated, and specifically includes a source node, one or more intermediate nodes, and a sink node. Wherein the source node is also referred to as a PE source node, or PE node in the ingress direction; the intermediate node is also called P node; the sink node is also referred to as a PE sink node, or PE node in the egress (ingress) direction.

First, the source node receives a first small particle traffic on an interface, which may be a User-network interface (UNI). The first small particle traffic may come from a customer edge router. The source node distinguishes different small particle traffic according to the port number.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first small-particle service may be an Ethernet (Ethernet) service, a fixed bit rate (constant bit rate, CBR) service, or another service transmitted based on a small-particle technology, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

Illustratively, after the source node receives the first small-granule service through the ingress interface (for example, UNI interface in the figure), the source node needs to process the data of the first small-granule service to obtain a first small-granule service multiframe. The first small particle service multiframe is then sent over the flexible ethernet Client interface (flexible ethernet Client) or the ethernet interface or the sliced packet network MTN interface (i.e. "FlexE/MTN interface" in the figure) at the allocated slot position. In the above process, taking the first small-granule service as the CBR service as an example, firstly, slicing the service bit stream of the first small-granule service received by the UNI interface to obtain a corresponding service slice. And then, packaging the service slices to obtain corresponding service containers, and finally, mapping the service containers to code blocks. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, a code block may refer to one code block, or may refer to a code block sequence (or a code block stream) formed by a plurality of code blocks. Please refer to the flow chart illustrated in fig. 4a to fig. 4c, which will not be described herein.

Since the time slot allocated by the source node for the first small particle service may collide with the moment when the source node maps the first small particle service to the code block, such as the scenario illustrated in fig. 8. Thus, the source node buffers the code blocks into memory, from which the source node extracts the code blocks when the time slots allocated by the source node for the first small particle service are reached. The source node then further processes the code block, e.g., adds a base frame overhead, and then transmits the code block over the time slot allocated for the first small particle service, where the code block carries the first small particle service.

And secondly, after receiving the code blocks on the entry time slot, the intermediate node maps the code blocks received on the entry time slot to the exit time slot according to the indication of the time slot cross mapping table. The intermediate node then transmits the code block over the egress slot via the physical port.

And after receiving the code block from the upstream intermediate node through the FlexE/MTN interface, the sink node processes the code block to recover the data corresponding to the first small-particle service. Taking a first small-particle service as a CBR service as an example, firstly, demapping a code block to obtain a corresponding service container, then, decapsulating the service container to obtain a service slice, and finally, recombining based on a plurality of service slices to obtain a service bit stream corresponding to the first small-particle service. The sink node transmits the traffic bit stream on the physical port.

In the above procedure, the communication device (source node) obtains a first transmission delay of the first small-particle service in the communication device. Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of acquiring transmission delay according to an embodiment of the application.

In a possible implementation manner, the first transmission delay includes: and the first time delay is equal to the buffer time length T1 of the first small-particle service waiting to be sent in the memory.

In a specific implementation, t1=t1-T2, where T1 is a time when the communication device extracts a code block from the memory, where the code block carries the first small particle service; t2 is the time when the communication device stores the code block carrying the first small particle service to the memory.

Further, the first transmission delay further includes: and a second time delay, wherein the second time delay is equal to a processing time length T2 required by the communication device from receiving the first small-particle service to caching the first small-particle service into the memory.

In a specific implementation, t2=t2-T3, where T2 is a time when the communication device stores the code block carrying the first small particle service into the memory; t3 is the time at which the communication device receives the first small particle service from the ingress interface.

In one particular implementation, the code block includes particular bits. The method comprises the following steps: t2 is the time when the communication device stores the code block carrying the specific bit into the memory; t1 is the time at which the communication device extracts the code block carrying the particular bit from the memory. For example: the 1 st bit in a first small-grain service (such as a service bit stream of a CBR service) is selected as a specific bit, and when the communication device stores a code block corresponding to the 1 st bit of the service bit stream in the memory, the communication device records t2. Accordingly, the communication device records the time when the code block carrying the specific bit is extracted from the memory as t1. Similarly, t3 may also be the time at which the communication device receives a particular bit in the first small particle service.

Furthermore, in order to improve the representativeness of the first transmission delay acquired by the communication device to the first small-particle service, the transmission delay jitter of the first small-particle service is further reduced, and the communication device can also synthesize a plurality of transmission delays to acquire the first transmission delay. The method comprises the following steps: the communication device acquires a plurality of transmission delays in a sampling window; and then the communication device acquires the first transmission delay according to the average value of the transmission delays.

In one example, the sampling window may be a time period, with the sampling window being 10 minutes. For example, as shown in table 2:

TABLE 2

First transmission delay	Transmission delay time	Sampling window
			First transmission delay a	First time delays a-z	14:00:01～14:10:00
First transmission delay b	First time delays aa to az	14:10:01～14:20:00
			First transmission delay c	First time delays ba to bz	14:20:01～14:30:00

In table 2, the communication device selects a plurality of transmission delays from the memory according to the sampling window. For example: the sampling window 14:00:01-14:10:00, and the selected transmission delay comprises: first delays a-z. And then the communication device averages the first delays a-z, and the obtained average value is used as the first transmission delay. Also for example: the sampling window 14:10:01-14:20:00, and the selected transmission delay comprises: first delays aa-az. Then the communication device averages the first delays aa to az, and the obtained average value is used as the first transmission delay. Also for example: the sampling window 14:20:01-14:30:00, and the selected transmission delay comprises: first delays ba to bz. And then the communication device averages the first delays ba-bz, and the obtained average value is used as the first transmission delay.

In yet another example, the sampling window may be a sliding window, such as shown in table 3:

TABLE 3 Table 3

First transmission delay	Transmission delay time	Sampling window
			First transmission delay a	First time delays a-z	14:00:01～14:10:00
First transmission delay b	First time delay m-an	14:05:01～14:15:00
			First transmission delay c	First time delay z-ba	14:10:01～14:20:00

In table 3, the communication device selects a plurality of transmission delays from the memory according to the sampling window. For example: the sampling window 14:00:01-14:10:00, and the selected transmission delay comprises: first delays a-z. And then the communication device averages the first delays a-z, and the obtained average value is used as the first transmission delay. Also for example: the sampling window 14:05:01-14:15:00, and the selected transmission delay comprises: first delays m-an. And then the communication device averages the first delays m-an, and the obtained average value is used as the first transmission delay. Also for example: the sampling window 14:10:01-14:20:00, and the selected transmission delay comprises: first time delay z-ba. Then the communication device averages the first delays z-ba, and the obtained average value is used as the first transmission delay.

In yet another example, the sampling window may also include a plurality of time periods of history, such as shown in Table 4:

TABLE 4 Table 4

First transmission delay	Transmission delay time	Sampling window
			First transmission delay a	First time delays a-z	14:00:01～14:10:00
First transmission delay b	First time delays a to ba	14:00:01～14:20:00
			First transmission delay c	First time delays a-ca	14:00:01～14:30:00

In table 4, the communication device selects a plurality of transmission delays from the memory according to the sampling window. For example: the sampling window 14:00:01-14:10:00, and the selected transmission delay comprises: first delays a-z. And then the communication device averages the first delays a-z, and the obtained average value is used as the first transmission delay. Also for example: the sampling window 14:00:01-14:20:00, and the selected transmission delay comprises: first delays a-ba. And then the communication device averages the first delays a-ba, and the obtained average value is used as the first transmission delay. Also for example: the sampling window 14:00:01-14:30:00, and the selected transmission delay comprises: first delays a-ca. Then the communication device averages the first delays a-ca, and the obtained average value is used as the first transmission delay.

Further, the communication device may periodically obtain a first transmission delay, for example: the first transmission delay is calculated once every 10 minutes or once every 20 minutes. The period of the first transmission delay is acquired, and may be configured by the controller or may be preconfigured in the communication device, which is not limited by the present application.

In a specific implementation, the communication device may also obtain the first transmission delay according to an instruction of the controller. For example: the communication device receives a third indication from the controller. And then the communication device acquires a plurality of transmission delays according to the third indication, and determines the first transmission delay according to the average value of the plurality of transmission delays. In a specific implementation, the third indication further carries an indication of a sampling window. For example: the sampling window indicated by the third indication is a period of 10 minutes.

In a specific implementation, the communication device may further acquire the first transmission delay, and buffer the first transmission delay into the memory. When the communication device needs to determine the first set of time slots, the communication device extracts the first transmission delay from the memory.

902. The communication device determines a first set of time slots according to the first transmission delay.

In this embodiment, after the communication device obtains the first transmission delay, the first time slot set is determined according to the first transmission delay, the second time slot set and the time slot interval.

Regarding the second set of time slots: the second set of time slots is a time slot currently allocated by the communication device for the first small particle service, the second set of time slots including one or more second time slots. In other words, the communication device transmits the first small particle traffic on the second set of time slots before the communication device transmits the first small particle traffic on the first set of time slots.

First, a description is given of what conditions the communication device determines a first set of timeslots according to a first transmission delay:

a possible implementation manner is that, when a first condition is met, the communication device determines the first time slot set according to the first transmission delay; the first condition includes one or more of:

Next, it is described how the communication device obtains the first set of timeslots:

in a specific implementation, the communication device determines the identification of the first time slot by:

the identity of the first time slot = the identity of the second time slot- (the transmission delay/the time slot interval); or (b)

The identification of the first time slot = the identification of the second time slot + (the transmission delay/the time slot interval).

In a specific implementation, after determining the first set of timeslots, the communication device may report the first set of timeslots to the controller. For subsequent development of other services, such as: the controller calculates the time slot position of the downstream node for transmitting the first small particle service according to the first time slot set.

903. The communication device transmits a first small particle service on a first set of timeslots.

In this embodiment, after the communication device determines the first set of timeslots, the communication device transmits the first small particle service over the first set of timeslots. The communication device may also transmit the first small particle traffic on the first set of timeslots if the second condition is met. Or after receiving the second instruction sent by the controller, the communication device sends the first small particle service on the first time slot set. The following is a detailed description.

In a possible implementation, the communication device sends the small particle service on the first set of timeslots when a second condition is met;

the second condition includes one or more of: and within a third statistical time period, the accumulated data volume of the small-particle service received by the communication device is larger than or equal to a second target data volume. For example, the third statistical duration is 15 minutes, the second target data amount is 200MB, and the communication device transmits the first small-particle traffic over the first set of timeslots when the cumulative data amount of the first small-particle traffic received by the communication device is greater than or equal to 200 MB.

Or, the timing of the second timer of the communication device reaches a fourth statistical duration, and the timing of the second timer is equal to the fourth statistical duration and then reset. Illustratively, when the fourth statistical duration is 30 minutes, the communication device starts transmitting the first small particle traffic, and a second timer of the communication device is started. After the timing of the second counter of the communication device reaches the fourth statistical duration, the communication device transmits the first small particle traffic over the first set of time slots. At the same time, the communication device resets the timing of the second timer and re-clocks.

Alternatively, the third timer of the communication device counts time equal to any one of a set of preset times, the set of preset times including at least one time. Illustratively, the set of preset moments includes: 14:30:00, 14:45:00, 15:00:00, 15:15:00, and 15:30:00. The third timer of the communication device records a local time (e.g., beijing time) of the communication device, and when the count of the third timer is equal to 14:30:00, the communication device transmits the first small particle service on the first set of time slots. Further, the communication device may further obtain a transmission delay of the second time slot set currently used and a transmission delay of the first time slot set (the transmission delay is an ideal value). The communication device then determines whether the first set of timeslots is better than the second set of timeslots based on the transmission delay of the second set of timeslots and the transmission delay of the first set of timeslots. And when the transmission delay of the first time slot set is smaller than that of the second time slot set, judging that the second condition is met.

Or, the first transmission delay is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value. The predetermined threshold is, for example, 20 microseconds, and the communication device transmits the first small particle traffic over the first set of time slots when the first transmission delay is 21 microseconds.

Or the transmission delay jitter value of the first small-particle service measured by the communication device is greater than or equal to the target transmission delay jitter value, the transmission delay jitter value is equal to the difference value between the first transmission delay and the second transmission delay, the first transmission delay is the transmission delay of the first small-particle service in the communication device in a first measurement period, and the second transmission delay is the transmission delay of the first small-particle service in the communication device in a second measurement period. The target propagation delay jitter value is, for example, 25 microseconds. The first transmission delay measured by the communication device is 5 microseconds during a first measurement period (e.g., 15:15:01-15:20:00). In a second measurement period (e.g., 15:20:01-15:25:00), the second transmission delay measured by the communication device is 31 microseconds. According to the first transmission delay and the second transmission delay, the communication device calculates the transmission delay jitter value of the first small-particle service to be 26 microseconds and larger than the target transmission delay jitter value. Thus, the second condition is met, the communication device transmitting the first small particle traffic over the first set of time slots.

In another possible implementation, the controller detects whether the second condition is met, and when met, the controller sends a second indication to the communication device. Correspondingly, after receiving the second instruction sent by the controller, the communication device sends the first small-particle service on the first time slot set according to the second instruction sent by the controller.

After the communication device determines to transmit the first small particle service in the first set of timeslots, the communication device may initiate timeslot adjustment to the downstream node or by the controller. The method comprises the following steps:

in a possible implementation manner, the communication device instructs, according to the first set of timeslots, a downstream node to adjust a reception timeslot corresponding to the reception of the first small-granule service. Specifically, the communication device (source node) informs the downstream node (Pn to P1 nodes in fig. 5) of the first time slot set for transmitting the first small-granule service through the small-granule pipeline time slot lossless adjustment mechanism. The method comprises the following steps: the source node (PE 1 node in the figure) sends FGU base frames (e.g., CR sent by PE1 node to Pn node in fig. 5) to the downstream node in the direction of the sink node, and the overhead of FGU base frames includes: the method comprises the steps of setting a CR field (the value of a CR bit is set to 1), an identification of a first small particle service (a client ID field is an identification of the first small particle service), and sub-slot ID information, wherein the sub-slot ID field is an identification of a first time slot set.

After receiving the CR, the downstream node (for example, pn node) learns that the bandwidth of the first small-particle service needs to be adjusted, so that OH is fed back to the source node, where the value of the CA field in the OH is 1. The sub-slot ID field in the OH carries the identifier of the first slot combination. For ease of description, the OH with the CA field of 1 is also referred to as CA.

After receiving the CA from the downstream node (e.g., pn node), the source node switches the slot table of the first small particle service, specifically from the original slot table (second slot set) to the new slot table (first slot set).

When the slot table handoff is completed, the source node sends an OH to the downstream node (e.g., pn node), where the C field in the OH is 1, and the OH indicates that the source node has completed the slot adjustment for the first small particle service. For convenience of description, the OH of the C field of 1 is also referred to as C. After the downstream node (e.g., pn node) receives the OH, the time slot of the first small particle service is adjusted. Specifically, the interaction flow between the downstream nodes is similar to the interaction flow between the source node (PE 1 node) and the Pn node, and will not be described herein.

Until the sink node receives an OH with a C field of 1 and determines that the slot adjustment of the first small particle traffic is in effect in its next multiframe (i.e., a fourth set of slots corresponding to the first set of slots). At this time, the end-to-end time slot lossless adjustment is completed, and the source node may send the first small particle service on the first time slot set.

In another possible implementation, after determining the first set of timeslots, the source node uploads the first set of timeslots to the controller. A third set of time slots for the intermediate node to transmit the first small particle traffic and a fourth set of time slots for the sink node to transmit the first small particle traffic are calculated by the controller. Then, the controller issues the third time slot set to the intermediate node (the controller transmits information indicating the third time slot set to the intermediate node), and the controller issues the fourth time slot set to the sink node (the controller transmits information indicating the fourth time slot set to the sink node).

It will be appreciated that when the communication device fails to transmit the first small particle service on the first set of time slots. At this point, the communication device may transmit the first small particle traffic using the original second set of time slots. The communication device may also transmit the first small particle traffic on the new set of time slots under the configuration of the controller. The communication device may also wait for a period of time before resending the first small particle service on the first set of timeslots.

It may be appreciated that in the foregoing steps 901 to 903, the controller may not participate, that is, the communication device obtains the first transmission delay, then determines the first time slot set according to the first transmission delay, and finally sends the first small particle service on the first time slot set.

Next, the controller is described as calculating the first set of time slots. Referring to fig. 12, fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a communication method according to the present application. The communication method provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps:

1201. the controller obtains a first transmission delay indicative of a first transmission delay of the first small particle service in the communication device.

In this embodiment, after the communication device acquires the first transmission delay, the communication device sends the first transmission delay to the controller. Correspondingly, the controller acquires a first transmission delay, and the first transmission delay indicates the first transmission delay of the first small-particle service in the communication device.

The method for the communication device to acquire the first transmission delay is similar to the aforementioned step 901, and is not described herein.

1202. The controller determines a first set of time slots based on the first transmission delay.

In this embodiment, after the controller obtains the first transmission delay, the controller determines the first time slot set. Specifically, the method for determining the first time slot set by the controller according to the first transmission delay is similar to the method for determining the first time slot set by the communication device according to the first transmission delay in the foregoing step 902, and will not be described herein.

1203. The controller transmits information indicating the first set of time slots to the communication device.

In this embodiment, after the controller determines the first time slot set, the controller sends indication information to the communication device (source node), where the indication information indicates the first time slot set. Accordingly, the communication device receives indication information from the controller, and the communication device determines the first time slot set according to the indication information.

1204. The communication device transmits a first small particle service on a first set of timeslots.

Step 1204 is similar to step 903 described above and will not be described in detail herein.

In combination with the foregoing embodiments, some application scenarios proposed by the present application are described below.

A. Referring to fig. 13, fig. 13 is a schematic view of an application scenario in an embodiment of the present application. The source node obtains a first transmission delay. The source node determines a first set of timeslots based on the first propagation delay. Then, the source node sends the first small-granule service on the first time slot set, wherein the source node instructs the downstream node (the intermediate node n-n+1 and the sink node in the figure, n is a positive integer) to adjust a receiving time slot corresponding to the first small-granule service according to the first time slot set (i.e. time slot adjustment in the figure).

In a specific implementation, the source node determines the first set of timeslots according to a first indication of the controller.

In a specific implementation, the source node sends the first small particle traffic on the first set of timeslots according to a second indication by the controller.

In a specific implementation, the source node sends the calculated first set of timeslots to the controller. So that the controller completes other services.

B. Referring to fig. 14, fig. 14 is a schematic view of an application scenario in an embodiment of the application. The source node obtains a first transmission delay. The source node sends the first transmission delay to the controller, and the controller determines a first time slot set according to the first transmission delay. Then, the source node receives the first time slot set, and the source node sends the first small particle service on the first time slot set, wherein the source node instructs the downstream node to adjust a receiving time slot corresponding to the first small particle service according to the first time slot set (namely, "time slot adjustment" in the figure).

C. Referring to fig. 15, fig. 15 is a schematic view of an application scenario in an embodiment of the present application. The source node obtains a first transmission delay. The source node sends the first transmission delay to the controller, and the controller determines a first time slot set according to the first transmission delay. The source node then receives a first set of timeslots over which the source node transmits the first small particle traffic.

The time slot adjustment of the downstream node is triggered by the controller. Specifically, the controller sends information indicating a third time slot set to the intermediate node, where the third time slot set includes a third time slot that is a time slot in which the intermediate node receives the first small particle service and/or sends the first small particle service. The controller sends information indicating a fourth time slot set to the sink node, wherein the fourth time slot included in the fourth time slot set is a time slot for the sink node to receive the first small particle service.

In a specific implementation, the third set of timeslots sent by the controller to the intermediate node may include a reception timeslot in which the intermediate node receives the first small particle service, where the intermediate node determines a corresponding transmission timeslot according to the reception timeslot. The intermediate node transmits the first small particle traffic on the transmission time slot.

In a specific implementation, the third set of timeslots sent by the controller to the intermediate node may include a sending timeslot in which the intermediate node sends the first small particle service, where the intermediate node determines a corresponding receiving timeslot according to the sending timeslot. The intermediate node receives the first small particle traffic on the receive slot.

In a specific implementation, the third set of timeslots sent by the controller to the intermediate node may include a sending timeslot in which the intermediate node sends the first small particle service and a receiving timeslot in which the first small particle service is received.

The foregoing description of the solution provided by the embodiments of the present application has been mainly presented in terms of a method. It will be appreciated that the network device, in order to implement the above-described functions, includes corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules that perform the respective functions. Those of skill in the art will readily appreciate that the various illustrative modules and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as hardware or combinations of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is implemented as hardware or computer software driven hardware depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

The embodiment of the application can divide the functional modules of the network equipment according to the method example, for example, each functional module can be divided corresponding to each function, and two or more functions can be integrated in one processing module. The integrated modules may be implemented in hardware or in software functional modules. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the division of the modules is schematic, which is merely a logic function division, and other division manners may be implemented in actual implementation.

The network device according to the embodiment of the present application is described below, and the network device described below has any function of the communication device or the controller in the above-described method embodiment.

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1600 according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 16, the communication device 1600 includes: a transceiver module 1601, configured to perform step 901 or 903; a processing module 1602 for executing step 902.

Also for example: a transceiver module 1601, configured to perform steps 1201, 1203, or 1204; a processing module 1602 for executing step 1202.

Illustratively, the communication device 1600 is for a communication device, the communication device 1600 comprising:

The communication device 1600 may correspond to the communication device or the controller in the above method embodiment, and each unit in the communication device 1600 and the other operations and/or functions described above are respectively implemented for implementing various steps and methods implemented by the communication device or the controller in the method embodiment, and specific details may be referred to the above method embodiment, which are not repeated herein for brevity.

In the processing of the data block, the communication device 1600 is only exemplified by the above-mentioned division of each functional module, and in practical application, the above-mentioned functional allocation may be performed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the communication device 1600 is divided into different functional modules to perform all or part of the above-mentioned functions. In addition, the communication device 1600 provided in the foregoing embodiment belongs to the same concept as the method in the foregoing embodiments corresponding to fig. 9 to 15, and detailed implementation procedures of the method embodiment are described in the foregoing embodiments, which are not repeated herein.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the communication device may be, for example, a network device such as a switch, a router, or a part of components on the network device, for example, a board and a line card on the network device, or a functional module on the network device, or a chip for implementing the method of the present application, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited specifically. When the communication device is a chip, the transceiver module for implementing the method may be, for example, an interface circuit of the chip, and the processing module may be a processing circuit having a processing function in the chip. The communication devices may be directly connected to each other, for example, but not limited to, via an ethernet cable or an optical cable.

In order to implement the above embodiment, the present application further provides a network device. Referring to fig. 17, fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1700 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Although the communication device 1700 shown in fig. 17 illustrates certain specific features, those skilled in the art will appreciate from the present embodiments that various other features are not shown in fig. 17 for the sake of brevity so as to not obscure more pertinent aspects of the disclosed embodiments of the present application. To this end, as an example, in some implementations, the communication device 1700 includes one or more processing units (e.g., CPUs) 1701, a network interface 1702, a programming interface 1703, a memory 1704, and one or more communication buses 1705 for interconnecting the various components. In other implementations, communication device 1700 may also omit or add portions of functional components or units based on the examples described above.

In some implementations, the network interface 1702 is used to connect with one or more other network devices/servers in a network system. In some implementations, the communication bus 1705 includes circuitry that interconnects and controls communications between system components. The memory 1704 may include a nonvolatile memory such as a read-only memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. Memory 1704 may also include volatile memory, which may be random access memory (random access memory, RAM), which acts as an external cache.

In some implementations, the memory 1704 or non-transitory computer readable storage medium of the memory 1704 stores the following programs, modules, and data structures, or a subset thereof, including, for example, a transceiver unit (not shown), an acquisition unit 17041, and a processing unit 17042.

In one possible embodiment, the communication device 1700 may have any of the functions of the communication device or the controller described above in the corresponding method embodiments of fig. 9 or fig. 12.

It should be understood that the communication device 1700 corresponds to the communication device or the controller in the above method embodiment, and each module in the communication device 1700 and the above other operations and/or functions are respectively implemented for implementing the various steps and methods implemented by the communication device or the controller in the above method embodiment, and specific details may be referred to the above method embodiment corresponding to fig. 9 or fig. 12, which are not repeated herein for brevity.

It should be understood that the present application may be implemented by the network interface 1702 on the communication device 1700 to perform data transceiving operations, or the processor may invoke program codes in the memory and implement the functions of the transceiving unit in cooperation with the network interface 1702 as needed.

In various implementations, the communication device 1700 is configured to perform a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application, for example, a communication method corresponding to the embodiment shown in fig. 9 or fig. 12.

The specific structure of the network device shown in fig. 17 of the present application may be as shown in fig. 18.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1800 according to an embodiment of the present application, where the communication device 1800 includes: a main control board 1818 and an interface board 1830.

The main control board 1818 is also called a main processing unit (main processing unit, MPU) or a route processor (route processor), and the main control board 1818 is used for controlling and managing each component in the communication apparatus 1800, including route calculation, device management, device maintenance, and protocol processing functions. The main control board 1818 includes: a central processor 1811 and a memory 1812.

The interface board 1830 is also referred to as a line processing unit (line processing unit, LPU), line card, or service board. The interface board 1830 is used to provide various service interfaces and to enable forwarding of data packets. Traffic interfaces include, but are not limited to, ethernet interfaces, POS (Packet over SONET/SDH) interfaces, and the like. The interface board 1830 includes: a central processor 1831, a network processor 1832, a forwarding table entry memory 1834, and a physical interface card (physical interface card, PIC) 1833.

The central processor 1831 on the interface board 1830 is used to control and manage the interface board 1830 and communicate with the central processor 1811 on the main control board 1818.

The network processor 1832 is configured to implement forwarding processing of the packet. The network processor 1832 may be in the form of a forwarding chip.

The physical interface card 1833 is used to implement the docking function of the physical layer, from which the original traffic enters the interface board 1830, and from which processed messages are sent out from the physical interface card 1833. The physical interface card 1833 includes at least one physical interface, also referred to as a physical interface, which may be a flexible ethernet (Flexible Ethernet, flexE) physical interface. The physical interface card 1833, also called a daughter card, may be mounted on the interface board 1830 and is responsible for converting the photoelectric signals into messages, performing validity check on the messages, and forwarding the messages to the network processor 1832 for processing. In some embodiments, the central processor 1831 of the interface board 1830 may also perform the functions of the network processor 1832, such as implementing software forwarding based on a general purpose CPU, so that the network processor 1832 is not required in the interface board 1830.

In a specific implementation, the communication device 1800 includes a plurality of interface boards, e.g., the communication device 1800 further includes an interface board 1840, the interface board 1840 including: a central processor 1841, a network processor 1842, a forwarding table entry store 1844, and a physical interface card 1843.

In a specific implementation, the communications device 1800 also includes a switch board 1820. The switch fabric 1820 may also be referred to as a switch fabric unit (switch fabric unit, SFU). In the case of a network device having a plurality of interface boards 1830, switch board 1820 is used to complete the exchange of data between the interface boards. For example, communication between interface board 1830 and interface board 1840 may be through switch board 1820.

The main control board 1818 is coupled to the interface board. For example, the main board 1818, the interface board 1830, and the interface board 1840, and the switch fabric 1820 may be connected to each other by a system bus and/or a system backplane to implement interworking. In one possible implementation, an inter-process communication protocol (IPC) channel is established between the host board 1818 and the interface board 1830, and communication is performed between the host board 1818 and the interface board 1830 through the IPC channel.

Logically, the communication device 1800 includes a control plane including a main control board 1818 and a central processor 1831, and a forwarding plane including various components that perform forwarding, such as a forwarding table entry store 1834, a physical interface card 1833, and a network processor 1832. The control plane performs functions such as issuing a route, generating a forwarding table, processing signaling and protocol messages, configuring and maintaining a state of the device, and the like, and issues the generated forwarding table to the forwarding plane, and at the forwarding plane, the network processor 1832 performs table lookup forwarding on the messages received by the physical interface card 1833 based on the forwarding table issued by the control plane. The forwarding table issued by the control plane may be stored in forwarding table entry store 1834. In some embodiments, the control plane and the forwarding plane may be completely separate and not on the same device.

It should be appreciated that the transceiving unit in communication device 1700 may correspond to physical interface card 1833 or physical interface card 1843 in communication device 1800; the acquisition unit 17041 and the processing unit 17042 in the communication device 1700 may correspond to the central processor 1811 or the central processor 1831 in the communication device 1800, or may correspond to program codes or instructions stored in the memory 1812.

It should be understood that the operations on the interface board 1840 are consistent with the operations of the interface board 1830 in the embodiment of the present application, and will not be described again for brevity. It should be understood that the communication device 1800 of the present embodiment may correspond to the communication device or the controller in the foregoing method embodiments, and the main control board 1818, the interface board 1830 and/or the interface board 1840 in the communication device 1800 may implement the functions and/or the various steps implemented by the communication device or the controller in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not described herein for brevity.

It should be noted that the main control board may have one or more blocks, and the main control board and the standby main control board may be included when there are multiple blocks. The interface boards may have one or more, the more data processing capabilities the network device is, the more interface boards are provided. The physical interface card on the interface board may also have one or more pieces. The switching network board may not be provided, or may be provided with one or more blocks, and load sharing redundancy backup can be jointly realized when the switching network board is provided with the plurality of blocks. Under the centralized forwarding architecture, the network device may not need to exchange network boards, and the interface board bears the processing function of the service data of the whole system. Under the distributed forwarding architecture, the network device may have at least one switching fabric, through which data exchange between multiple interface boards is implemented, providing high-capacity data exchange and processing capabilities. In a specific implementation, the network device may be only one board, that is, there is no switching board, and functions of the interface board and the main control board are integrated on the one board, so that the central processor on the interface board and the central processor on the main control board may be combined into one central processor on the one board, and the functions after the two are overlapped are executed. The specific architecture employed is not limited solely herein, depending on the particular networking deployment scenario.

In some possible embodiments, the above-described communication apparatus or controller may be implemented as a virtualized device. The virtualized device may be a Virtual Machine (VM) running a program for sending message functions, a virtual router, or a virtual switch. The virtualized device is deployed on a hardware device (e.g., a physical server). For example, the first network device may be implemented based on a generic physical server in combination with network function virtualization (network functions virtualization, NFV) technology.

It should be understood that the network devices in the above various product forms have any function of the communication device or the controller in the above method embodiments, and are not described herein.

The embodiment of the application also provides a network device, which comprises: a communication interface;

and the processor is connected with the communication interface and is based on the communication interface and the processor.

In a possible implementation, the network device is used for a communication apparatus, so that the communication apparatus performs the method as in the embodiment illustrated in fig. 9 or fig. 12 described above.

In another possible implementation, the controller is caused to perform the method as in the embodiment illustrated in fig. 9 or fig. 12 described above.

The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to control a network device to perform any one of the implementations shown in the foregoing method embodiments.

The embodiment of the application also provides a computer program product, which comprises computer program code for causing a computer to execute any one of the implementation modes as shown in the embodiment of the method when the computer program code runs on the computer.

Further, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which when executed on a network device, causes the network device to execute the method executed by the communication apparatus or the controller in the embodiment of the method corresponding to fig. 9 or fig. 12.

The embodiment of the application also provides a chip system which comprises a processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is used for receiving the instruction and transmitting the instruction to the processor. Wherein the processor is configured to implement the method in any of the method embodiments described above. In one specific implementation, the system on a chip further includes a memory.

The processor in the system-on-chip may be one or more. The processor may be implemented in hardware or in software. When implemented in hardware, the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, or the like. When implemented in software, the processor may be a general purpose processor, with the method of any of the method embodiments described above being implemented by reading software code stored in a memory.

In a specific implementation, the memory in the system-on-chip may also be one or more. The memory may be integral with the processor or separate from the processor, and the application is not limited. The memory may be a non-transitory processor, such as a ROM, which may be integrated on the same chip as the processor, or may be separately provided on different chips, and the type of memory and the manner of providing the memory and the processor are not particularly limited in the present application.

Referring to fig. 19, fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a network system 1900 according to an embodiment of the application. The network system 1900 includes: communication device 1901. The communication device 1901 may be a physical device such as a router, a switch, or a gateway, or may be a virtual device supporting route distribution and packet transfer. The specific type of the communication device 1901 is not limited in this embodiment.

In a specific implementation, the network system 1900 further includes: and a controller 1902. The controller 1902 may be a server that manages the communication device 1901 described above. In one particular implementation, communication device 1901 may be communication device 1700 or communication device 1800. In one particular implementation, the controller 1902 may be the communication device 1700 or the communication device 1800.

The network devices in the various product forms have any function of the communication device or the controller in the foregoing method embodiment, and are not described herein.

The above embodiments of the present application are described in detail, and steps in the method of the embodiments of the present application may be sequentially scheduled, combined or pruned according to actual needs; the modules in the device of the embodiment of the application can be divided, combined or deleted according to actual needs.

It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the sequence numbers of the foregoing processes do not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of the processes should be determined by the functions and internal logic thereof, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

The term "and/or" is herein merely an association relationship describing an associated object, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.

It should be understood that in embodiments of the present application, "B corresponding to a" means that B is associated with a, from which B may be determined. It should also be understood that determining B from a does not mean determining B from a alone, but may also determine B from a and/or other information.

It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of elements is merely a logical functional division, and there may be additional divisions of actual implementation, e.g., multiple elements or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.

Claims

1. A method of communication, comprising:

the communication device transmits the first small particle traffic over the first set of time slots.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first transmission delay comprises:

And the first time delay is equal to the buffer time length T1 of the first small-particle service waiting to be sent in the memory.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein t1=t1-T2, wherein,

t1 is the time when the communication device extracts the code block carrying the first small particle service from the memory;

t2 is the time at which the communication device stores the code block to the memory.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first transmission delay further comprises:

and a second time delay, wherein the second time delay is equal to a processing time length T2 required by the communication device from receiving the first small-particle service to caching the first small-particle service into the memory.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein T2=t2-T3, wherein,

t3 is the time at which the communication device receives the first small particle service from the ingress interface.

6. The method according to any of claims 1-5, wherein the communication device obtaining the first transmission delay of the first small particle traffic in the communication device comprises:

the communication device acquires a plurality of transmission delays in a sampling window;

And acquiring the first transmission delay according to the average value of the transmission delays.

7. The method of any of claims 1-6, wherein the communication device, prior to transmitting the first small particle traffic over the first set of timeslots, further comprises:

the communication device sends the first small particle service on a second time slot set, wherein the second time slot set comprises a time slot currently allocated by the communication device for the first small particle service, and the second time slot set comprises a second time slot;

the communication device determining the first time slot set according to the first transmission delay, including:

the communication device determines the first time slot set according to the first transmission time delay, the second time slot set and the time slot interval;

the communication device initiates time slot adjustment to a downstream node according to the first time slot set.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the communication device determines the identity of the first time slot by:

the identity of the first time slot = the identity of the second time slot- (the first transmission delay/the time slot interval); or (b)

The identification of the first time slot = the identification of the second time slot + (the first transmission delay/the time slot interval).

9. The method according to any of claims 1-8, wherein the determining, by the communication device, the first set of time slots according to the first transmission delay comprises:

the communication device receives a first indication from a controller, the first indication being for instructing the communication device to determine the first set of timeslots based on the first transmission delay.

10. The method according to any of claims 1-9, wherein the determining, by the communication device, the first set of time slots according to the first transmission delay comprises:

the communication device sends the first transmission delay to a controller;

the communication device receives indication information from the controller, the indication information indicating the first set of time slots.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein after the communication device receives the indication information from the controller, the method further comprises:

and the communication device instructs a downstream node to adjust and receive the receiving time slot corresponding to the first small-particle service according to the first time slot set.

12. The method according to any of claims 9-11, wherein the communication device transmitting the first small particle traffic over the first set of time slots comprises:

the communication device transmits the first small particle service on the first set of time slots according to a second indication transmitted by the controller.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, further comprising:

the communication device sends information indicating the first set of time slots to a controller.

14. The method according to any of claims 1-13, wherein the communication device determines the first set of timeslots from the first transmission delay when a first condition is met;

the first condition includes one or more of:

the accumulated data volume of the first small particle traffic received by the communication device is greater than or equal to a first target data volume within a first statistical duration,

or the timing of the first timer of the communication device reaches a second statistical duration, wherein the timing of the first timer is reset after reaching the second statistical duration.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein,

When a second condition is met, the communication device transmits the first small particle service on the first set of timeslots;

the second condition includes one or more of:

the accumulated data volume of the first small particle traffic received by the communication device is greater than or equal to a second target data volume within a third statistical duration,

the timing of a second timer of the communication device reaches a fourth statistical duration, the timing of the second timer is equal to the fourth statistical duration and then reset,

the timing of the third timer of the communication device is equal to any one of a set of preset times, the set of preset times comprising at least one time,

the first transmission delay is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value,

or the transmission delay jitter value of the first small-particle service measured by the communication device is greater than or equal to a target transmission delay jitter value, the transmission delay jitter value is equal to a difference value between the first transmission delay and the second transmission delay, the first transmission delay is the transmission delay of the first small-particle service in the communication device in a first measurement period, and the second transmission delay is the transmission delay of the first small-particle service in the communication device in a second measurement period.

16. The method according to any of claims 1-15, wherein the communication device is a source node on an end-to-end transmission path of small particle traffic.

17. A method of communication, comprising:

the controller sends information indicating the first set of time slots to the communication device.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the first transmission delay comprises:

and the first time delay is equal to the buffer time length T1 of the first small-particle service waiting to be sent in the memory of the communication device.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein t1=t1-T2, wherein,

t1 is the time when the communication device extracts a code block from the memory, wherein the code block carries the first small particle service;

t2 is the time at which the communication device stores the code block carrying the first small particle service to the memory.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the first transmission delay further comprises:

21. The method of claim 20, wherein t2=t2-T3, wherein,

22. The method according to any of claims 17-21, wherein the controller determining the first set of time slots from the first transmission delay comprises:

the controller acquires a plurality of transmission delays in a sampling window;

23. The method of claims 17-22, wherein after the controller sends information to the communication device indicating the first set of time slots, the method further comprises:

the controller determines a third time slot set according to the first time slot set, wherein the third time slot set comprises a third time slot;

the controller sends information indicating the third time slot set to an intermediate node, wherein the intermediate node comprises a downstream node of the communication device, and the third time slot set is used for indicating the intermediate node to receive the small particle service according to the third time slot set.

24. The method according to any of claims 17-23, wherein the controller sends a first indication to the communication device when a first condition is met, the first indication being for instructing the communication device to determine the first set of time slots from the first transmission delay;

the first condition includes:

or the timing of the first timer of the controller reaches the second statistical time length, wherein the timing of the first timer is reset after the timing of the first timer reaches the second statistical time length.

25. The method according to any one of claims 17-24, further comprising:

when a second condition is met, the controller sends a second indication to the communication device, the second indication being used to instruct the communication device to send the small particle service on the first set of timeslots;

the second condition includes one or more of:

The timing of a second timer of the controller reaches a fourth statistical duration, the timing of the second timer is equal to the fourth statistical duration and then reset,

the third timer of the controller counts a time equal to any one of a set of preset times, the set of preset times including at least one time,

or the transmission delay jitter value of the first small-particle service measured by the controller is greater than or equal to a target transmission delay jitter value, the transmission delay jitter value is equal to a difference value between the first transmission delay and the second transmission delay, the first transmission delay is the transmission delay of the first small-particle service in the communication device in a first measurement period, and the second transmission delay is the transmission delay of the first small-particle service in the communication device in a second measurement period.

26. A communication device, comprising:

a transceiver module for performing reception and/or transmission related operations performed by the communication device in the method of any one of claims 1-16;

a processing module for performing operations other than the operations related to reception and/or transmission performed by the communication device in the method of any one of claims 1-16.

27. A controller, comprising:

a transceiver module for performing reception and/or transmission related operations performed by the controller in the method of any one of claims 17-25;

a processing module for performing operations other than the operations related to the receiving and/or transmitting performed by the controller in the method of any one of claims 17-25.

28. A communication apparatus, comprising;

a communication interface;

a processor coupled to the communication interface, the communication device being caused to perform the method of any of claims 1-16 based on the communication interface and the processor.

29. A controller, comprising:

a communication interface;

a processor coupled to the communication interface, the controller being caused to perform the method of any of claims 17-25 based on the communication interface and the processor.

30. A communication system comprising communication means for performing the method of any of claims 1-16 and a controller for performing the method of any of claims 17-25.

31. A computer readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the method of any of claims 1-25.

32. A computer program product comprising a program, characterized in that the method of any of claims 1-25 is implemented when said program is executed by a processor.