CN117117505A - Five-unit ultra-wideband MIMO slot antenna - Google Patents
Five-unit ultra-wideband MIMO slot antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN117117505A CN117117505A CN202311338673.3A CN202311338673A CN117117505A CN 117117505 A CN117117505 A CN 117117505A CN 202311338673 A CN202311338673 A CN 202311338673A CN 117117505 A CN117117505 A CN 117117505A
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
- H01Q13/106—Microstrip slot antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/25—Ultra-wideband [UWB] systems, e.g. multiple resonance systems; Pulse systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
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Abstract
The invention provides a five-unit ultra-wideband MIMO slot antenna, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a first microstrip feeder, a second microstrip feeder, a third microstrip feeder, a fourth microstrip feeder, a fifth microstrip feeder, an inverted U-shaped patch and a grounding plate, wherein the first microstrip feeder, the second microstrip feeder, the third microstrip feeder, the fourth microstrip feeder, the fifth microstrip feeder and the inverted U-shaped patch are printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; an X-shaped groove is formed in the middle of the grounding plate and corresponds to the position of the inverted U-shaped patch; the four corners of the grounding plate are respectively provided with a first ladder groove to a fourth ladder groove, and the positions of the first ladder groove to the fourth ladder groove respectively correspond to the first microstrip feeder line to the fourth microstrip feeder line. The invention realizes the working frequency band of 1.7 GHz-6GHz with the relative bandwidth of 111.69% through a simple structure and low manufacturing cost; meanwhile, the isolation within the working bandwidth is better than 15.33dB. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of ultra-wideband, multiport and high isolation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of communication antennas, in particular to a five-unit ultra-wideband MIMO slot antenna.
Background
In recent years, development and popularization of 5G communication technology have put higher demands on antenna design, and complexity and integration level of antenna design are gradually improved. In contrast, the conventional terminal antenna has natural disadvantages in main performance indexes such as communication quality and channel capacity, and cannot meet the requirements of covering multiple communication frequency bands, high transmission rate and the like.
Under the background, the introduction of ultra-wideband technology not only increases the capacity of a communication system and meets the requirement of ultra-wideband, but also can improve the data transmission rate of the system. Although the ultra wideband technology has various advantages, signal fading in a multipath environment is still a problem to be emphasized, and combining the ultra wideband technology with the MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology can effectively solve the problem. Therefore, with the development and popularization of the 5G communication technology, the combination of the ultra wideband technology and the MIMO technology will become one of the key technologies in the current 5G communication field.
Some antennas in the prior art are improved by combining ultra wideband technology and MIMO technology, but the defects of smaller bandwidth and poorer antenna isolation still exist. For example, a multi-MIMO terminal antenna and terminal disclosed in Chinese patent publication No. CN115632224A covers 3.3-5.1 GHz, but has smaller relative bandwidth, and the relative bandwidth is only 42.9%; and the isolation of each port of the antenna is poor, and the isolation is only higher than 14dB. For another example, a four-port high isolation MIMO antenna disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN115332787a covers 3.8-11 GHz, but has a smaller relative bandwidth, which is only 97.3%; and the isolation of the antenna is poor, and the isolation is only higher than 14dB. In addition, the antennas in the above two technical documents have only four antenna units, and the number of the antenna units is small.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a five-unit ultra-wideband MIMO slot antenna which has the characteristics of ultra-wideband, multiple ports and high isolation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a five-unit ultra-wideband MIMO slot antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a first microstrip feeder, a second microstrip feeder, a third microstrip feeder, a fourth microstrip feeder, a fifth microstrip feeder and an inverted U-shaped patch which are printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, and a grounding plate printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate;
the medium substrate is rectangular, the short side of the medium substrate is parallel to the X axis, and the long side of the medium substrate is parallel to the Y axis; the first microstrip feeder, the second microstrip feeder, the third microstrip feeder, the fourth microstrip feeder and the fifth microstrip feeder all extend along the Y-axis direction;
the first microstrip feeder, the second microstrip feeder, the third microstrip feeder and the fourth microstrip feeder are respectively arranged near four corners of the upper surface of the medium substrate; one ends of the first microstrip feeder and the second microstrip feeder are arranged at the edge of one short side of the medium substrate, and the other ends of the first microstrip feeder and the second microstrip feeder are arranged towards the middle of the medium substrate; one ends of the third microstrip feeder and the fourth microstrip feeder are arranged at the edge of the other short side of the medium substrate, and the other ends of the third microstrip feeder and the fourth microstrip feeder are arranged towards the middle of the medium substrate; the first microstrip feeder and the second microstrip feeder are symmetrical about the mid-perpendicular of the short side of the medium substrate, and the third microstrip feeder and the fourth microstrip feeder are symmetrical about the mid-perpendicular of the short side of the medium substrate;
the inverted U-shaped patch is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the medium substrate, one end of the fifth microstrip feeder is arranged at the edge of the other short side of the medium substrate, and the other end of the fifth microstrip feeder is connected with the inverted U-shaped patch;
a first SMA interface is externally arranged between the first microstrip feeder and the grounding plate at the outer side of the medium substrate, a second SMA interface is externally arranged between the second microstrip feeder and the grounding plate, a third SMA interface is externally arranged between the third microstrip feeder and the grounding plate, a fourth SMA interface is externally arranged between the fourth microstrip feeder and the grounding plate, a fifth SMA interface is externally arranged between the fifth microstrip feeder and the grounding plate, and the first to fifth SMA interfaces are respectively used for feeding the first to fifth microstrip feeders;
an X-shaped groove is formed in the middle of the grounding plate and corresponds to the position of the inverted U-shaped patch; the four corners of the grounding plate are respectively provided with a first ladder groove to a fourth ladder groove, and the positions of the first ladder groove to the fourth ladder groove respectively correspond to the first microstrip feeder line to the fourth microstrip feeder line, so that the first ladder groove to the fourth ladder groove are respectively coupled with the first microstrip feeder line to the fourth microstrip feeder line;
the first to fourth microstrip feeder lines are respectively composed of two sections of branches with different widths and different lengths and are respectively used for generating resonance effects with the first to fourth ladder grooves, so that ultra-wideband characteristics are realized.
Further, the fifth microstrip feeder is composed of three branches with unequal widths and unequal lengths, and is used for enabling the antenna to obtain good impedance matching, so that good reflection coefficient bandwidth is achieved.
Further, the first step groove and the second step groove are symmetrical with respect to a short side perpendicular bisector of the dielectric substrate, and the third step groove and the fourth step groove are symmetrical with respect to a short side perpendicular bisector of the dielectric substrate.
Further, the first to fourth step grooves are formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of sections of rectangular groove bodies with different widths and different lengths respectively, and openings of the first to fourth step grooves are arranged at the edges of the long sides of the medium substrate.
Further, the inverted U-shaped patch is obtained by chamfering two adjacent corners of a rectangular patch; the fifth microstrip feeder line is connected to the middle of the side edge between the two corners which are not subjected to chamfering treatment, so that the patch is in an inverted U shape as a whole.
Further, the grounding plate is provided with first to fourth horizontal open-circuit grooves and first to fourth vertical open-circuit grooves;
the first to fourth horizontal open grooves extend in the X-axis direction; the first horizontal open-circuit groove and the second horizontal open-circuit groove are positioned on the same straight line and are symmetrical with respect to the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate, the first horizontal open-circuit groove is arranged near the other end of the first microstrip feeder, and the second horizontal open-circuit groove is arranged near the other end of the second microstrip feeder; the third horizontal open-circuit groove and the fourth horizontal open-circuit groove are positioned on the same straight line and are symmetrical with respect to the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate, the third horizontal open-circuit groove is arranged near the other end of the third microstrip feeder, and the fourth horizontal open-circuit groove is arranged near the other end of the fourth microstrip feeder;
the first to fourth vertical open grooves extend in the Y-axis direction; the first vertical open-circuit groove and the second vertical open-circuit groove are symmetrical about the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate, the first vertical open-circuit groove is arranged between the first microstrip feeder line and the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate, and the second vertical open-circuit groove is arranged between the second microstrip feeder line and the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate; the third vertical open slot and the fourth vertical open slot are symmetrical about the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate, the third vertical open slot is arranged between the third microstrip feeder line and the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate, and the fourth vertical open slot is arranged between the fourth microstrip feeder line and the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate;
the coverage areas of the five microstrip feed lines, the four horizontal open-circuited slots and the four vertical open-circuited slots are not overlapped with each other.
Further, the ground plate comprises a first metal patch, a second metal patch, a third metal patch and a fourth metal patch;
the first metal patch and the second metal patch are rectangular and are respectively arranged in the middle of two long sides of the medium substrate; the third metal patch covers the half side of the medium substrate, which is close to the positive direction of the Y axis, the fourth metal patch covers the half side of the medium substrate, which is close to the negative direction of the Y axis, the third metal patch and the fourth metal patch are arranged at a certain distance, and the middle parts of the side edges of the third metal patch and the fourth metal patch, which face the center of the medium substrate, are provided with step parts protruding along the Y axis; the first to fourth metal patches are not in contact with each other, so that the spaces between the four metal patches form X-shaped grooves.
Further, a first step groove, a second step groove, a first horizontal open-circuit groove, a second horizontal open-circuit groove, a first vertical open-circuit groove and a second vertical open-circuit groove are formed in the third metal patch; the third step groove, the fourth step groove, the third horizontal open channel, the fourth horizontal open channel, the third vertical open channel and the fourth vertical open channel are formed in the fourth metal patch.
Further, the dielectric substrate has a dielectric constant of 4.6.
Further, the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 1mm.
The X-shaped slot structure can expand the bandwidth of the middle antenna unit, can be used as a defective ground structure to reasonably change the current distribution of the grounding plate, has the decoupling effect on the five-unit antenna, and improves the antenna isolation. On the basis, the fifth microstrip feeder excites the inverted U-shaped patch to generate radiation in the X-shaped groove, so that the technical effect of ultra-wideband can be realized. Furthermore, the four stepped grooves are arranged on the grounding plate, and the stepped grooves and the first to fourth microstrip feeder lines formed by two sections of branches with unequal widths and unequal lengths generate resonance effects, so that the antenna obtains good impedance matching. Furthermore, the two pairs of horizontal open-circuit grooves symmetrically distributed on the grounding plate can offset microstrip line currents distributed left and right, and can effectively eliminate the coupling phenomenon between the unit antennas which are bilaterally symmetrical; two pairs of vertical open-circuit grooves symmetrically distributed on the grounding plate can increase the equivalent distance between the five antenna units, and can effectively improve the isolation of the antenna.
In conclusion, the five-unit ultra-wideband MIMO slot antenna provided by the invention realizes the working frequency band of 1.7 GHz-6GHz through a simple structure and low manufacturing cost, and the relative bandwidth is 111.69%; meanwhile, the isolation within the working bandwidth is better than 15.33dB. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of ultra-wideband, multiport and high isolation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a five-unit ultra wideband MIMO slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a top structure of a five-unit ultra wideband MIMO slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a bottom structure of a five-unit ultra wideband MIMO slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a simulation diagram of return loss parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a simulation diagram of antenna isolation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the five-unit ultra-wideband MIMO slot antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a dielectric substrate 8, a first microstrip feeder 1, a second microstrip feeder 2, a third microstrip feeder 3, a fourth microstrip feeder 4, a fifth microstrip feeder 5, an inverted U-shaped patch 6, and a ground plate 7 printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 8.
The dielectric substrate 8 used in the embodiment of the present invention has a dielectric constant of 4.6, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate 8 is 1mm.
Further, the dielectric substrate 8 is rectangular, the short side of the dielectric substrate is parallel to the X axis, and the long side of the dielectric substrate is parallel to the Y axis; the first microstrip feeder 1, the second microstrip feeder 2, the third microstrip feeder 3, the fourth microstrip feeder 4 and the fifth microstrip feeder 5 all extend along the Y-axis direction;
the first microstrip feeder 1, the second microstrip feeder 2, the third microstrip feeder 3 and the fourth microstrip feeder 4 are respectively arranged near four corners of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 8; one end of the first microstrip feeder 1 and one end of the second microstrip feeder 2 are arranged at the edge of one short side of the medium substrate 8, and the other end of the first microstrip feeder 1 and the other end of the second microstrip feeder 2 are arranged towards the middle of the medium substrate 8; one ends of the third microstrip feeder 3 and the fourth microstrip feeder 4 are arranged at the edge of the other short side of the dielectric substrate 8, and the other ends of the third microstrip feeder 3 and the fourth microstrip feeder 4 are arranged towards the middle of the dielectric substrate 8; the first microstrip feeder 1 and the second microstrip feeder 2 are symmetrical about the mid-perpendicular of the short side of the dielectric substrate 8, and the third microstrip feeder 3 and the fourth microstrip feeder 4 are symmetrical about the mid-perpendicular of the short side of the dielectric substrate 8;
the inverted U-shaped patch 6 is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the medium substrate 8, one end of the fifth microstrip feeder 5 is arranged at the edge of the other short side of the medium substrate 8, and the other end of the fifth microstrip feeder 5 is connected with the inverted U-shaped patch 6;
a first SMA interface is externally arranged between the first microstrip feeder 1 and the grounding plate 7 on the outer side of the medium substrate 8, a second SMA interface is externally arranged between the second microstrip feeder 2 and the grounding plate 7, a third SMA interface is externally arranged between the third microstrip feeder 3 and the grounding plate 7, a fourth SMA interface is externally arranged between the fourth microstrip feeder 4 and the grounding plate 7, a fifth SMA interface is externally arranged between the fifth microstrip feeder 5 and the grounding plate 7, and the first to fifth SMA interfaces are respectively used for feeding the first to fifth microstrip feeders 5;
an X-shaped groove 15 is formed in the middle of the grounding plate 7 and corresponds to the inverted U-shaped patch 6; the X-shaped slot 15 is used for expanding the bandwidth of the middle antenna unit (the fifth microstrip feeder 5 and the inverted U-shaped patch 6), and can be used as a defect to reasonably change the current distribution of the grounding plate 7, thereby having decoupling effect on the five-unit antenna and improving the isolation of the antenna. Meanwhile, the fifth microstrip feeder 5 consisting of three branches with unequal widths and unequal lengths excites the inverted U-shaped patch 6 to generate radiation in the X-shaped groove 15, so that an ultra-wideband effect is realized.
First to fourth stepped grooves are respectively formed near four corners of the ground plate 7, the positions of the first to fourth stepped grooves correspond to the first to fourth microstrip feeder lines respectively, so that the first to fourth stepped grooves are respectively coupled with the first to fourth microstrip feeder lines, specifically, the position of the first stepped groove 91 is coupled with the first microstrip feeder line 1, the position of the second stepped groove 92 is coupled with the second microstrip feeder line 2, the position of the third stepped groove 93 is coupled with the third microstrip feeder line 3, and the position of the third stepped groove 93 is coupled with the third microstrip feeder line 3;
further, the first step groove 91 and the second step groove 92 are symmetrical about the short side bisector of the dielectric substrate 8, and the third step groove 93 and the fourth step groove 94 are symmetrical about the short side bisector of the dielectric substrate 8.
Specifically, the first to fourth step grooves are formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of sections of rectangular groove bodies with different widths and different lengths, and openings of the first to fourth step grooves are arranged at the long edge of the medium substrate 8.
The first to fourth microstrip feeder lines are respectively composed of two sections of branches with different widths and different lengths and are respectively used for generating resonance effects with the first to fourth ladder grooves, so that ultra-wideband characteristics are realized.
The fifth microstrip feeder 5 is composed of three branches with unequal widths and unequal lengths, and is used for enabling the antenna to obtain good impedance matching, so that good reflection coefficient bandwidth is achieved.
Further, the inverted U-shaped patch 6 is obtained by chamfering two adjacent corners of a rectangular patch; the fifth microstrip feeder 5 is connected to the middle of the side edge between the two corners which are not subjected to chamfering treatment, so that the patch is in an inverted U shape as a whole.
As shown in fig. 3, the ground plate 7 is further provided with first to fourth horizontal open grooves and first to fourth vertical open grooves.
The first to fourth horizontal open grooves extend in the X-axis direction; the first horizontal open-circuit groove 11 and the second horizontal open-circuit groove 12 are positioned on the same straight line and are symmetrical with respect to the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate 8, the first horizontal open-circuit groove 11 is arranged near the other end of the first microstrip feeder 1, and the second horizontal open-circuit groove 12 is arranged near the other end of the second microstrip feeder 2; the third horizontal open slot 13 and the fourth horizontal open slot 14 are positioned on the same straight line and are symmetrical with respect to the mid-vertical line of the short side of the dielectric substrate 8, the third horizontal open slot 13 is arranged near the other end of the third microstrip feeder 3, and the fourth horizontal open slot 14 is arranged near the other end of the fourth microstrip feeder 4;
the first to fourth vertical open grooves extend in the Y-axis direction; the first vertical open slot 21 and the second vertical open slot 22 are symmetrical about the middle vertical line of the short side of the dielectric substrate 8, the first vertical open slot 21 is arranged between the first microstrip feeder 1 and the middle vertical line of the short side of the dielectric substrate 8, and the second vertical open slot 22 is arranged between the second microstrip feeder 2 and the middle vertical line of the short side of the dielectric substrate 8; the third vertical open slot 23 and the fourth vertical open slot 24 are symmetrical about the middle vertical line of the short side of the dielectric substrate 8, the third vertical open slot 23 is arranged between the third microstrip feeder 3 and the middle vertical line of the short side of the dielectric substrate 8, and the fourth vertical open slot 24 is arranged between the fourth microstrip feeder 4 and the middle vertical line of the short side of the dielectric substrate 8;
the coverage areas of the five microstrip feed lines, the four horizontal open-circuited slots and the four vertical open-circuited slots are not overlapped with each other.
Two pairs of horizontal open-circuit grooves symmetrically distributed on the grounding plate 7 can offset microstrip line currents distributed left and right, and can effectively eliminate the coupling phenomenon between the unit antennas which are bilaterally symmetrical; the two pairs of vertical open-circuit grooves symmetrically distributed on the grounding plate 7 can increase the equivalent distance between the five antenna units, and can effectively improve the isolation of the antenna.
Further, the ground plate 7 includes a first metal patch 71, a second metal patch 72, a third metal patch 73, and a fourth metal patch 74;
the first metal patch 71 and the second metal patch 72 are rectangular and are respectively arranged in the middle of two long sides of the dielectric substrate 8; the third metal patch 73 covers the half side of the medium substrate 8 close to the positive direction of the Y axis, the fourth metal patch 74 covers the half side of the medium substrate 8 close to the negative direction of the Y axis, the third metal patch 73 and the fourth metal patch 74 are arranged at a certain distance, and the middle parts of the side edges of the third metal patch 73 and the fourth metal patch 74, which face the center of the medium substrate 8, are provided with step parts protruding along the Y axis; the first to fourth metal patches are not in contact with each other so that the spaces between the four form an X-shaped groove 15.
Specifically, the first step groove 91, the second step groove 92, the first horizontal open groove 11, the second horizontal open groove 12, the first vertical open groove 21 and the second vertical open groove 22 are opened on the third metal patch 73; the third step groove 93, the fourth step groove 94, the third horizontal open groove 13, the fourth horizontal open groove 14, the third vertical open groove 23 and the fourth vertical open groove 24 are opened on the fourth metal patch 74.
As shown in FIG. 4, the return loss of the five-unit ultra-wideband MIMO slot antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention is smaller than 10dB at 1.7 GHz-6GHz, and the five-unit ultra-wideband MIMO slot antenna can stably work in the working frequency band of 1.7 GHz-6GHz, and has a relative bandwidth of 111.69%, so that an ultra-wideband effect is realized.
As shown in fig. 5, the isolation of the five antenna units in the embodiment of the invention in the working bandwidth is better than 15.33dB, wherein S14 is better than 21.42dB, which is obviously improved compared with the prior art.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The five-unit ultra-wideband MIMO slot antenna is characterized by comprising a medium substrate, a first microstrip feeder, a second microstrip feeder, a third microstrip feeder, a fourth microstrip feeder, a fifth microstrip feeder and an inverted U-shaped patch which are printed on the upper surface of the medium substrate, and a grounding plate printed on the lower surface of the medium substrate;
the medium substrate is rectangular, the short side of the medium substrate is parallel to the X axis, and the long side of the medium substrate is parallel to the Y axis; the first microstrip feeder, the second microstrip feeder, the third microstrip feeder, the fourth microstrip feeder and the fifth microstrip feeder all extend along the Y-axis direction;
the first microstrip feeder, the second microstrip feeder, the third microstrip feeder and the fourth microstrip feeder are respectively arranged near four corners of the upper surface of the medium substrate; one ends of the first microstrip feeder and the second microstrip feeder are arranged at the edge of one short side of the medium substrate, and the other ends of the first microstrip feeder and the second microstrip feeder are arranged towards the middle of the medium substrate; one ends of the third microstrip feeder and the fourth microstrip feeder are arranged at the edge of the other short side of the medium substrate, and the other ends of the third microstrip feeder and the fourth microstrip feeder are arranged towards the middle of the medium substrate; the first microstrip feeder and the second microstrip feeder are symmetrical about the mid-perpendicular of the short side of the medium substrate, and the third microstrip feeder and the fourth microstrip feeder are symmetrical about the mid-perpendicular of the short side of the medium substrate;
the inverted U-shaped patch is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the medium substrate, one end of the fifth microstrip feeder is arranged at the edge of the other short side of the medium substrate, and the other end of the fifth microstrip feeder is connected with the inverted U-shaped patch;
a first SMA interface is externally arranged between the first microstrip feeder and the grounding plate at the outer side of the medium substrate, a second SMA interface is externally arranged between the second microstrip feeder and the grounding plate, a third SMA interface is externally arranged between the third microstrip feeder and the grounding plate, a fourth SMA interface is externally arranged between the fourth microstrip feeder and the grounding plate, a fifth SMA interface is externally arranged between the fifth microstrip feeder and the grounding plate, and the first to fifth SMA interfaces are respectively used for feeding the first to fifth microstrip feeders;
an X-shaped groove is formed in the middle of the grounding plate and corresponds to the position of the inverted U-shaped patch; the four corners of the grounding plate are respectively provided with a first ladder groove to a fourth ladder groove, and the positions of the first ladder groove to the fourth ladder groove respectively correspond to the first microstrip feeder line to the fourth microstrip feeder line, so that the first ladder groove to the fourth ladder groove are respectively coupled with the first microstrip feeder line to the fourth microstrip feeder line;
the first to fourth microstrip feeder lines are respectively composed of two sections of branches with different widths and different lengths and are respectively used for generating resonance effects with the first to fourth ladder grooves, so that ultra-wideband characteristics are realized.
2. The five-element ultra-wideband MIMO slot antenna of claim 1, wherein the fifth microstrip feed line is composed of three branches of unequal width and unequal length for achieving good impedance matching of the antenna, thereby achieving good reflection coefficient bandwidth.
3. The five element ultra wideband MIMO slot antenna of claim 1, wherein the first and second stepped slots are symmetrical about a mid-vertical line of the short side of the dielectric substrate and the third and fourth stepped slots are symmetrical about a mid-vertical line of the short side of the dielectric substrate.
4. The five-unit ultra-wideband MIMO slot antenna of claim 3, wherein the first to fourth stepped slots are formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of sections of rectangular slot bodies with unequal widths and unequal lengths, respectively, and openings of the first to fourth stepped slots are all arranged at the long edge of the dielectric substrate.
5. The five-element ultra wideband MIMO slot antenna of claim 1, wherein said inverted U-shaped patch is obtained by chamfering two adjacent corners of a rectangular patch; the fifth microstrip feeder line is connected to the middle of the side edge between the two corners which are not subjected to chamfering treatment, so that the patch is in an inverted U shape as a whole.
6. The five-element ultra wideband MIMO slot antenna of claim 1, wherein the ground plate is provided with first through fourth horizontal open-circuit slots and first through fourth vertical open-circuit slots;
the first to fourth horizontal open grooves extend in the X-axis direction; the first horizontal open-circuit groove and the second horizontal open-circuit groove are positioned on the same straight line and are symmetrical with respect to the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate, the first horizontal open-circuit groove is arranged near the other end of the first microstrip feeder, and the second horizontal open-circuit groove is arranged near the other end of the second microstrip feeder; the third horizontal open-circuit groove and the fourth horizontal open-circuit groove are positioned on the same straight line and are symmetrical with respect to the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate, the third horizontal open-circuit groove is arranged near the other end of the third microstrip feeder, and the fourth horizontal open-circuit groove is arranged near the other end of the fourth microstrip feeder;
the first to fourth vertical open grooves extend in the Y-axis direction; the first vertical open-circuit groove and the second vertical open-circuit groove are symmetrical about the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate, the first vertical open-circuit groove is arranged between the first microstrip feeder line and the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate, and the second vertical open-circuit groove is arranged between the second microstrip feeder line and the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate; the third vertical open slot and the fourth vertical open slot are symmetrical about the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate, the third vertical open slot is arranged between the third microstrip feeder line and the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate, and the fourth vertical open slot is arranged between the fourth microstrip feeder line and the middle vertical line of the short side of the medium substrate;
the coverage areas of the five microstrip feed lines, the four horizontal open-circuited slots and the four vertical open-circuited slots are not overlapped with each other.
7. The five-element ultra wideband MIMO slot antenna of claim 6, wherein the ground plate comprises a first metal patch, a second metal patch, a third metal patch, and a fourth metal patch;
the first metal patch and the second metal patch are rectangular and are respectively arranged in the middle of two long sides of the medium substrate; the third metal patch covers the half side of the medium substrate, which is close to the positive direction of the Y axis, the fourth metal patch covers the half side of the medium substrate, which is close to the negative direction of the Y axis, the third metal patch and the fourth metal patch are arranged at a certain distance, and the middle parts of the side edges of the third metal patch and the fourth metal patch, which face the center of the medium substrate, are provided with step parts protruding along the Y axis; the first to fourth metal patches are not in contact with each other, so that the spaces between the four metal patches form X-shaped grooves.
8. The five-element ultra wideband MIMO slot antenna of claim 7, wherein the first stepped slot, the second stepped slot, the first horizontal open slot, the second horizontal open slot, the first vertical open slot, and the second vertical open slot are open on a third metal patch; the third step groove, the fourth step groove, the third horizontal open channel, the fourth horizontal open channel, the third vertical open channel and the fourth vertical open channel are formed in the fourth metal patch.
9. The five-element ultra wideband MIMO slot antenna of claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate has a dielectric constant of 4.6.
10. The five-element ultra wideband MIMO slot antenna of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 1mm.
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