CN117113200A

CN117113200A - Rotor fault diagnosis method, device, electronic equipment and medium

Info

Publication number: CN117113200A
Application number: CN202311380297.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程昊; 张超; 张晓�; 杨嘉屹; 肖立; 李恩道; 刘洋; 李方遒; 苏清博; 高玮
Original assignee: CNOOC Gas and Power Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: CNOOC Gas and Power Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-10-24
Filing date: 2023-10-24
Publication date: 2023-11-24
Anticipated expiration: 2043-10-24
Also published as: CN117113200B

Abstract

The invention provides a rotor fault diagnosis method, a rotor fault diagnosis device, electronic equipment and a rotor fault diagnosis medium, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical equipment. The method comprises the following steps: performing time domain analysis on a vibration signal of a rotor of the equipment to be diagnosed, and determining a root mean square value of the vibration signal; performing frequency domain analysis on the vibration signal to determine a fundamental frequency amplitude of the vibration signal, one or more frequency multiplication amplitudes of the vibration signal and a frequency domain array corresponding to the vibration signal, wherein the vibration signal comprises at least one of the following: a radial vibration acceleration signal, an axial vibration acceleration signal, and a vertical vibration acceleration signal; determining a rotor fault type of the device to be diagnosed based on one or more of the fundamental frequency amplitude, the one or more multiplied frequency amplitudes, the frequency domain array, and the root mean square value; the fault location of the device to be diagnosed is determined based on the type of rotor fault, the internal temperature of the device to be diagnosed, and the internal pressure of the device to be diagnosed. The rotor fault diagnosis method provided by the invention can realize fault diagnosis accuracy.

Description

Rotor fault diagnosis method, device, electronic equipment and medium

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of mechanical devices, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for diagnosing a rotor fault, an electronic device, and a medium.

Background

The monitoring of the running state of the rotating machinery equipment, fault early warning and diagnosis are a very critical technology in the modern industrial production process. In recent years, with rapid development of computer technology, signal detection and processing technology, signal recognition technology and fault diagnosis technology, real-time monitoring of the running state of equipment in the production process, and real-time early warning, real-time diagnosis and classification of faults occurring in the equipment become more possible.

The current method for fault early warning of the rotary mechanical equipment mainly comprises two major types, namely a fault early warning model and algorithm based on equipment state monitoring data, and fault early warning and fault diagnosis of the equipment based on a rotary mechanical fault mechanism model. The method has the problems of equipment fault reasons and difficult positioning of fault occurrence positions in the actual application process, so that the equipment fault early warning accuracy is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a rotor fault diagnosis method, a rotor fault diagnosis device, electronic equipment and a rotor fault diagnosis medium, which are used for solving the technical problem of low equipment fault early warning accuracy in the prior art.

The invention provides a rotor fault diagnosis method, which comprises the following steps:

Performing time domain analysis on a vibration signal of a rotor of equipment to be diagnosed, and determining a root mean square value of the vibration signal;

performing frequency domain analysis on the vibration signal to determine a fundamental frequency amplitude of the vibration signal, one or more frequency multiplication amplitudes of the vibration signal and a frequency domain array corresponding to the vibration signal, wherein the vibration signal comprises at least one of the following: a radial vibration acceleration signal, an axial vibration acceleration signal, and a vertical vibration acceleration signal;

determining a rotor fault type of the device to be diagnosed based on one or more of the fundamental frequency amplitude, the one or more multiplied frequency amplitudes, the frequency domain array, and the root mean square value;

determining a fault location of the device to be diagnosed based on the rotor fault type, an internal temperature of the device to be diagnosed, and an internal pressure of the device to be diagnosed.

In some embodiments, where the vibration signal includes the radial vibration acceleration signal, the axial vibration acceleration signal, and the vertical vibration acceleration signal, the determining the rotor fault type of the device to be diagnosed based on one or more of the fundamental frequency amplitude, the one or more doubled amplitudes, the frequency domain array, and the root mean square value includes:

Determining the rotor fault type as an axial imbalance if the fundamental frequency amplitude and the frequency domain array satisfy a first condition;

the first condition includes:

the fundamental frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is larger than that of the axial vibration acceleration signal, and the ratio of the fundamental frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal to the fundamental frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is smaller than a first threshold value;

the ratio of the fundamental frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal to the fundamental frequency amplitude of the vertical vibration acceleration signal is within a first preset range;

the ratio of the next largest amplitude to the largest amplitude in the frequency domain array is less than a second threshold.

In some embodiments, the one or more multiplied amplitudes comprise a 2-fold multiplied amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal;

in the case where the vibration signal includes the radial vibration acceleration signal and the axial vibration acceleration signal, the determining a rotor fault type of the device to be diagnosed based on one or more of the fundamental frequency amplitude, the one or more multiplied frequency amplitudes, the frequency domain array, and the root mean square value includes:

Determining the rotor fault type as axis-parallel misalignment if the fundamental frequency amplitude and the root mean square value satisfy a second condition;

the second condition includes:

the root mean square value of the radial vibration acceleration signal is larger than the radial standard amplitude, and the radial standard amplitude is the standard amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal in the time domain;

the ratio of the fundamental frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal to the 2-frequency multiplication amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is greater than a third threshold.

In some embodiments, the one or more multiplied amplitudes comprise: the frequency multiplication amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is 2, and the frequency multiplication amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is N, wherein N is an integer which is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 10;

determining the rotor fault type as an axis angle misalignment if the fundamental frequency amplitude and the one or more multiplied frequency amplitudes satisfy a third condition;

The third condition includes:

the ratio of the axial standard amplitude to the fundamental frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal is smaller than a fourth threshold value, wherein the axial standard amplitude is the standard amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal in the time domain;

the ratio of the fundamental frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal to the radial standard amplitude is smaller than a fifth threshold value, and the ratio of the 2-frequency multiplication amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal to the radial standard amplitude is smaller than a sixth threshold value;

the ratio of the N frequency multiplication amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal to the radial standard amplitude is smaller than a seventh threshold value.

Determining the rotor fault type as an axis angle misalignment if the fundamental frequency amplitude and the one or more multiplied frequency amplitudes satisfy a fourth condition;

the fourth condition includes:

the ratio of the fundamental frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal to the fundamental frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is within a second preset range;

the ratio of the fundamental frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal to the radial standard amplitude is smaller than an eighth threshold value, and the 2-frequency multiplication amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is smaller than a ninth threshold value;

the ratio of the N-frequency multiplication amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal to the radial standard amplitude is smaller than a tenth threshold value.

In some embodiments, the one or more multiplied amplitudes comprise: 2 times the frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal and 2 times the frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal;

Determining the rotor fault type as an axis combination misalignment including an axis parallel misalignment and an axis angle misalignment, if the fundamental frequency amplitude and the one or more multiplied amplitudes satisfy a fifth condition;

the fifth condition includes:

the root mean square value of the radial vibration acceleration signal is larger than the radial standard amplitude;

the root mean square value of the axial vibration acceleration signal is larger than the axial standard amplitude;

the ratio of the fundamental frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal to the 2-frequency multiplication amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is smaller than an eleventh threshold value;

the ratio of the fundamental frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal to the 2-frequency multiplication amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal is smaller than a twelfth threshold value.

Determining the rotor fault type as shaft bending if the fundamental frequency amplitude satisfies a sixth condition;

the sixth condition includes:

the vibration signal has a fault of horizontal misalignment in a vertical direction, a fault of angular misalignment in a radial direction, and a fault of angular misalignment in an axial direction;

the ratio of the radial standard amplitude to the fundamental frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is less than a thirteenth threshold value.

The present invention also provides a rotor fault diagnosis apparatus, comprising:

the first determining module is used for carrying out time domain analysis on a vibration signal of a rotor of the equipment to be diagnosed and determining a root mean square value of the vibration signal;

the second determining module is configured to perform frequency domain analysis on the vibration signal, determine a fundamental frequency amplitude of the vibration signal, one or more frequency multiplication amplitudes of the vibration signal, and a frequency domain array corresponding to the vibration signal, where the vibration signal includes at least one of the following: a radial vibration acceleration signal, an axial vibration acceleration signal, and a vertical vibration acceleration signal;

a third determining module configured to determine a rotor fault type of the device to be diagnosed based on one or more of the fundamental frequency amplitude, the one or more multiplied frequency amplitudes, the frequency domain array, and the root mean square value;

And a fourth determination module for determining a fault location of the device to be diagnosed based on the rotor fault type, the internal temperature of the device to be diagnosed, and the internal pressure of the device to be diagnosed.

The invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing a method for diagnosing a rotor failure as described in any of the above when executing the program.

The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a rotor fault diagnosis method as described in any of the above.

The invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method of diagnosing a rotor failure as described in any of the above.

According to the rotor fault diagnosis method, the device, the electronic equipment and the medium, the frequency domain analysis and the time domain analysis are carried out on the radial vibration acceleration signal, the axial vibration acceleration signal and the vertical vibration acceleration signal of the rotor of the equipment to be diagnosed to obtain the frequency domain analysis data and the time domain analysis data, then the internal temperature and the internal pressure of the equipment to be diagnosed, which characterize the running state of the equipment, are combined, the fault type and the fault position of the rotor can be determined, the accuracy of fault diagnosis is improved, meanwhile, the probability of false alarm and false alarm of fault diagnosis results is greatly reduced, the positioning of the fault occurrence part of the rotor is more accurate, and the cause of the rotor fault is more definite.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a rotor fault diagnosis method provided by the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rotor fault diagnosis system provided by the present invention;

FIG. 3 is one of the system interface schematic diagrams of the rotor fault diagnosis method provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a second system interface diagram of the rotor fault diagnosis method according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a rotor fault diagnosis device provided by the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

The rotor fault diagnosis method, apparatus, electronic device, and medium of the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a rotor fault diagnosis method provided by the invention. Referring to fig. 1, the rotor fault diagnosis method provided by the present invention includes:

step 110, performing time domain analysis on a vibration signal of a rotor of equipment to be diagnosed to determine a root mean square value of the vibration signal;

step 120, performing frequency domain analysis on the vibration signal, and determining a fundamental frequency amplitude of the vibration signal, one or more frequency multiplication amplitudes of the vibration signal, and a frequency domain array corresponding to the vibration signal, where the vibration signal includes at least one of the following: a radial vibration acceleration signal, an axial vibration acceleration signal, and a vertical vibration acceleration signal;

step 130, determining the rotor fault type of the equipment to be diagnosed based on one or more of the fundamental frequency amplitude, one or more frequency multiplication amplitudes, a frequency domain array and a root mean square value;

step 140, determining the fault location of the device to be diagnosed based on the rotor fault type, the internal temperature of the device to be diagnosed and the internal pressure of the device to be diagnosed.

The execution subject of the rotor fault diagnosis method provided by the invention can be an electronic device, a component in the electronic device, an integrated circuit, or a chip. The electronic device may be a mobile electronic device or a non-mobile electronic device. By way of example, the mobile electronic device may be a cell phone, tablet computer, notebook computer, palm computer, vehicle mounted electronic device, wearable device, ultra-mobile personal computer (ultra-mobile personal computer, UMPC), netbook or personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), etc., and the non-mobile electronic device may be a server, network attached storage (Network Attached Storage, NAS), personal computer (personal computer, PC), television (TV), teller machine or self-service machine, etc., without limitation of the present invention.

The following describes the technical scheme of the invention in detail by taking a computer to execute the rotor fault diagnosis method provided by the invention as an example.

The apparatus to be diagnosed in the present invention may be a rotary machine apparatus that is required to perform fault diagnosis. And the rotor is an important component in the rotary machine, and the rotary motion of the rotor is the basis of the normal operation of the rotary machine. The rotary mechanical equipment can be a water supply pump which is positioned at high temperature, high pressure and high speed in a thermal power plant, a flash evaporation Gas (BOG) compressor in petrochemical industry, a high-pressure pump, a seawater pump and the like.

The real-time early warning and diagnosis of the mechanical faults of the pump in the operation process are accurately realized, the sudden faults of the equipment and the gradual faults of the control can be avoided, the maintenance cost of the equipment is reduced, the available time of the equipment is increased, the operation benefit of the equipment is improved, and the informatization, automation and intelligent management level of a factory can be improved, so that the production management efficiency and economic benefit of the factory are fundamentally improved.

The invention relates to a method for analyzing the mechanism of operation of equipment, which mainly focuses on the rotor in the fault of rotating machinery equipment, and the fault characteristics of the rotor are generally reflected in the form of vibration. The invention designs a novel rotor fault diagnosis method of rotary mechanical equipment by taking a rotor of the rotary mechanical equipment as a main research object.

In the related art, vibration parameters of a rotating part and a fixed part of the rotating mechanical equipment are important information for representing the operation condition of the rotating mechanical equipment in the operation process. When the unbalance of the equipment is increased, the amplitude of the radial vibration is obviously increased; when the equipment fails in a misalignment, the radial amplitude increases and is accompanied by axial vibration. The analysis of the vibration characteristics of the rotating equipment can be realized as follows:

(1) The fault characteristics of the vibration of the rotating machinery equipment are often reflected in multiple aspects, different fault characteristics have obvious cross, the faults and the characteristics are not in one-to-one correspondence, and one fault is reflected in multiple aspects on the characteristics.

(2) There may be several reasons for inducing vibration in a portion of the rotating machinery, and the magnitude of the contribution of each reason to vibration varies.

(3) When the vibration amplitude of a certain part of the rotating mechanical equipment exceeds a certain critical value, the equipment can be initially considered to be abnormal or to be failed, and when the vibration amplitude of a certain part of the equipment is smaller than a certain critical value, the equipment can be considered to be not found to be abnormal or to be not failed.

The characteristic index information of the common fault position, fault type and fault phenomenon of the fault mechanism model of the rotary mechanical equipment is shown in the following table:

The vibration characteristic parameters of the rotating machinery can be classified into two types, namely dynamic parameters and static parameters. Specific characteristic parameters are shown in the following table:

the vibration failure mechanism model of the rotating machinery and its characteristic properties can be divided into the following types:

in step 110, vibration signals of the rotor of the device to be diagnosed can be acquired by an acceleration sensor and a displacement sensor. The vibration signals generally include a vibration displacement signal, a vibration velocity signal, and a vibration acceleration signal. The vibration signal in the present invention refers to a vibration acceleration signal.

Note that, assuming that the initial position of a certain particle is a position on the horizontal axis, the distance difference a between the position of the particle at any time and the initial position in the vibration direction after the start of vibration is the vibration displacement. The time the particle arrives at this position is t, and the velocity of the particle is then the differential of a to t. The differential of the vibration velocity of a particle with respect to time t is the vibration acceleration. The vibration acceleration is the integral of the vibration velocity with respect to time, and the vibration velocity is the integral of the vibration displacement with respect to time.

In actual implementation, the vibration acceleration signal may include signals in three directions:

The vibration acceleration signal of the rotor in the radial direction is the radial vibration acceleration signal;

the vibration acceleration signal of the rotor in the axial direction is the axial vibration acceleration signal;

the vibration acceleration signal of the rotor in the vertical direction is a vertical vibration acceleration signal;

the vibration signal of the rotor is subjected to time domain analysis, and Root Mean Square (RMS) value of the vibration signal in the time domain is obtained.

In step 120, the radial vibration acceleration signal, the axial vibration acceleration signal and the vertical vibration acceleration signal of the rotor are then subjected to frequency domain analysis, i.e. fourier transformation, and the obtained frequency domain analysis data may include at least one of the following: the base frequency amplitude of the vibration signal, one or more multiple frequency amplitudes of the vibration signal and a frequency domain array corresponding to the vibration signal.

In step 130, diagnosis conditions of the necessary conditions for various rotor fault types are set based on one or more of the fundamental frequency amplitude, the one or more multiplied frequency amplitude, the frequency domain array and the root mean square value, and control thresholds in the various fault diagnosis conditions may be adaptively adjusted according to the accuracy of fault diagnosis, so that the rotor fault type of the device to be diagnosed may be determined.

It should be noted that the types of rotor faults of the rotary machine may be classified into the following types according to the working mechanism:

in actual implementation, the invention can also determine the rotor fault type to be shaft looseness, foundation looseness and the like through the vibration speed signal and the vibration displacement signal of the rotor.

In step 140, the fault, the location of the fault and the cause of the fault occurring in the device may be determined together by monitoring and analyzing the core operation state variables of the device, including the internal and external temperatures of the device, the internal pressure of the device, etc., and then integrating the frequency domain analysis data, the time domain analysis data, and the monitoring analysis results of the operation state variables of the rotor vibration, and finally the final fault diagnosis result of the device to be diagnosed may be provided.

In actual implementation, when the rotor fails, local position temperature and pressure inside the equipment are increased, so that the internal pressure and the internal temperature can be detected through the sensor, and the failure position can be determined.

According to the rotor fault diagnosis method provided by the invention, the frequency domain analysis and the time domain analysis are carried out on the radial vibration acceleration signal, the axial vibration acceleration signal and the vertical vibration acceleration signal of the rotor of the equipment to be diagnosed to obtain the frequency domain analysis data and the time domain analysis data, and then the internal temperature and the internal pressure of the equipment to be diagnosed, which characterize the running state of the equipment, are combined to determine the type and the position of the rotor fault, so that the accuracy of fault diagnosis is improved, the probability of false alarm and missed alarm of the fault diagnosis result is greatly reduced, the positioning of the fault occurrence part of the rotor is more accurate, the cause of the rotor fault is also more definite, and great application value and practical significance are brought to reducing the maintenance cost of the equipment, increasing the available time of the equipment, improving the running benefit and economic benefit of the equipment and improving the informatization, automation and intelligent management level of the factory.

The steps of the judging algorithm of different rotor fault types are described in detail below.

In some embodiments, where the vibration signal includes a radial vibration acceleration signal, an axial vibration acceleration signal, and a vertical vibration acceleration signal, determining a rotor fault type of the device to be diagnosed based on one or more of a fundamental frequency amplitude, one or more doubled amplitudes, a frequency domain array, and a root mean square value includes:

under the condition that the fundamental frequency amplitude and the frequency domain array meet a first condition, determining the rotor fault type as shaft unbalance;

the first condition includes:

In actual implementation, this embodiment is a shaft imbalance fault determination algorithm step.

The first step: and carrying out frequency domain analysis on waveforms of the axial vibration acceleration signal, the radial vibration acceleration signal and the vertical vibration acceleration waveform signal of the rotor to obtain amplitude values of respective fundamental frequencies (1 frequency multiplication), namely fundamental frequency amplitude values of the radial vibration acceleration signal, fundamental frequency amplitude values of the axial vibration acceleration signal and fundamental frequency amplitude values of the vertical vibration acceleration signal.

And a second step of: the first condition that the magnitude of the fundamental frequency of the vibration acceleration spectrum analysis of the rotor in the axial, radial and vertical directions is simultaneously satisfied is:

1) The fundamental frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is greater than the fundamental frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal, and the ratio relation of the fundamental frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal and the fundamental frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal satisfies the following conditions: the fundamental frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal/the fundamental frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is < a first threshold value. The first threshold may be set according to actual requirements, and is not limited herein, and may be set, for example: 50%;

2) The fundamental frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal is close to that of the vertical vibration acceleration signal, and the ratio of the fundamental frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal to that of the vertical vibration acceleration signal is lower than a first preset range. The first preset range may be set according to actual requirements, which is not limited herein, and may be, for example: the fundamental frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal is more than or equal to 90 percent and the fundamental frequency amplitude of the vertical vibration acceleration signal is more than or equal to 110 percent;

3) Definition F _max In frequency domain arrays of vibration signalsMaximum amplitude, F _2nd The frequency domain array of the vibration signal is the next largest amplitude, namely the second largest amplitude, and the maximum amplitude and the next largest amplitude in three vibration directions simultaneously meet F _2nd /F _max <A second threshold. The second threshold may be set according to actual requirements, and is not limited herein, and may be set, for example: 10%;

if the analysis results of the axial, radial and vertical vibration acceleration frequencies of the rotor (bearing) simultaneously meet the first condition, the current bearing is considered to have the fault of unbalanced shaft, otherwise, the running state of the current bearing is considered to be normal.

It should be noted that, in general, the rotating machinery is a multi-rotor bearing system, the rotors are connected by a coupling, and the rotors are supported by bearings. During installation and operation of the machine, misalignment of the rotor shaft may occur for a number of reasons, causing machine vibration, coupling deflection, bearing friction damage, oil film instability, and shaft deflection. Misalignment of the shaft is one of the most common faults of rotating machines.

The rotor shaft misalignment is several: axis-parallel misalignment, axis-angle misalignment, and combined misalignment (combined case of axis-parallel misalignment and axis-angle misalignment).

The following describes the steps of the fault determination algorithm for three fault subtypes, including axis parallel misalignment, axis angle misalignment, and combined misalignment, included in a shaft misalignment fault.

in the case where the vibration signal includes a radial vibration acceleration signal and an axial vibration acceleration signal, determining a rotor fault type of the device to be diagnosed based on one or more of a fundamental frequency amplitude, one or more multiplied frequency amplitudes, a frequency domain array, and a root mean square value, comprising:

under the condition that the fundamental frequency amplitude and the root mean square value meet the second condition, determining the rotor fault type as axis parallel misalignment;

the second condition includes:

the ratio of the fundamental frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal to the 2-fold frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is greater than a third threshold.

In practical implementation, the present embodiment is a parallel misalignment fault determination algorithm step.

The second condition includes the following 2 steps:

the first step: in the process of carrying out time domain analysis on the waveform of the radial vibration acceleration signal of the rotor, if the root mean square value of the radial vibration acceleration signal is greater than the radial standard amplitude, and the root mean square value/the radial standard amplitude Xrms of the radial vibration acceleration signal is greater than 1.1;

And a second step of: in the frequency domain analysis process of the rotor radial vibration acceleration signal, if the fundamental frequency amplitude Af (1X) of the radial vibration acceleration signal/the 2-times frequency amplitude Af (2X) of the vibration acceleration signal is satisfied, the third threshold value is obtained. The third threshold may be set according to actual requirements, and is not limited herein, and may be set, for example: 0.5.

if the time domain analysis and the frequency domain analysis of the rotor in the radial vibration acceleration signal simultaneously meet the conditions, the current rotor is considered to have the fault of axis parallel misalignment of shaft misalignment, otherwise, the running state of the current bearing is considered to be normal.

In some embodiments, the one or more multiplied magnitudes include: the frequency multiplication amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is 2, and the frequency multiplication amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is N, wherein N is an integer which is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 10;

under the condition that the fundamental frequency amplitude and one or more frequency multiplication amplitudes meet a third condition, determining the rotor fault type as axis angle misalignment;

The third condition includes:

the ratio of the axial standard amplitude to the fundamental frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal is smaller than a fourth threshold value, and the axial standard amplitude is the standard amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal in the time domain;

the ratio of the N-multiplied amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal to the radial standard amplitude is less than a seventh threshold.

In actual implementation, this embodiment is an angle misalignment fault determination algorithm step.

The third condition includes the following 3 steps:

the first step: in the rotor axial vibration signal frequency domain analysis process, if the fundamental frequency amplitude Af (1X) of the axial vibration acceleration signal > the axial standard amplitude Xrms, and the fundamental frequency amplitude Af (1X) of the axial standard amplitude Xrms/axial vibration acceleration signal is satisfied < a fourth threshold value. The fourth threshold may be set according to actual requirements, and is not specifically limited herein, and may be set, for example: 50%;

and a second step of: in the process of rotor radial vibration acceleration signal frequency domain analysis, if the fundamental frequency amplitude Af (1X) of the radial vibration acceleration signal and the 2-frequency multiplication amplitude Af (1X) of the radial vibration acceleration signal meet the following conditions:

Af (1X)/Xrms < fifth threshold. The fifth threshold may be set according to actual requirements, and is not specifically limited herein, and may be set, for example: 50%;

af (2X)/Xrms < sixth threshold. The sixth threshold may be set according to actual requirements, and is not specifically limited herein, and may be set as follows: 50%;

and a third step of: in the process of rotor radial vibration acceleration signal frequency domain analysis, the ratio of the N frequency multiplication amplitude Af (NX) of the radial vibration acceleration signal to the radial standard amplitude is smaller than the Xrms seventh threshold value. The seventh threshold may be set according to actual requirements, and is not specifically limited herein, and may be set, for example: 10%; wherein n=4, 5, 6. Then there are:

the four-frequency amplitude Af (4X) and five-frequency amplitude Af (5X) of the radial vibration acceleration signal meet the following conditions between the ten-frequency amplitude Af (10X) and the radial vibration signal standard amplitude Xrms: af (4X)/Xrms <10%, af (5X)/Xrms <10%, af (6X)/Xrms <10% >, and.

And if the frequency domain analysis result of the rotor vibration signal simultaneously meets the conditions in the first step to the third step, considering that the current rotor has an axis angle misalignment fault, otherwise, considering that the current rotor is in a normal running state.

under the condition that the fundamental frequency amplitude and one or more frequency multiplication amplitudes meet a fourth condition, determining the rotor fault type as axis angle misalignment;

the fourth condition includes:

the ratio of the fundamental frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal of the fundamental frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is within a second preset range;

the ratio of the N-multiplied amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal to the radial standard amplitude is less than a tenth threshold.

The fourth condition includes the following 3 steps:

the first step: in the frequency domain analysis process of the rotor radial vibration acceleration signal and the axial vibration acceleration signal, the ratio of the fundamental frequency amplitude Arf (1X) of the radial vibration acceleration signal to the fundamental frequency amplitude Aaf (1X) of the axial vibration acceleration signal is in a second preset range. The second preset range may be set according to actual requirements, and is not limited herein, and may be, for example:

0.9<Arf（1X）/Aaf（1X）<1.1。

and a second step of: in the rotor radial vibration acceleration signal frequency domain analysis process, the fundamental frequency amplitude Arf (1X) of the radial vibration acceleration signal and the 2-frequency multiplication amplitude Arf (2X) of the radial vibration acceleration signal simultaneously meet the following conditions:

the ratio Xrms of the fundamental frequency amplitude Arf (1X)/the radial standard amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is < an eighth threshold value. The eighth threshold may be set according to actual requirements, and is not specifically limited herein, for example, set as follows: 0.5; and the 2-fold frequency amplitude Arf (2X) < the ninth threshold value of the radial vibration acceleration signal. The ninth threshold may be set according to actual requirements, and is not specifically limited herein, for example, set as follows: 0.5.

and a third step of: in the frequency domain analysis process of the rotor radial vibration acceleration signal, the ratio of the N frequency multiplication amplitude Af (NX) of the radial vibration acceleration signal to the radial standard amplitude is smaller than the Xrms tenth threshold value. The tenth threshold may be set according to actual requirements, and is not specifically limited herein, and may be set as follows: 10%; wherein n=4, 5, 6. Then there are:

The four-frequency amplitude Af (4X) and five-frequency amplitude Af (5X) of the radial vibration acceleration signal meet the following conditions between the ten-frequency amplitude Af (10X) and the radial vibration signal standard amplitude Xrms:

Af（4X）/Xrms<10%，Af（5X）/Xrms<10%，Af（6X）/Xrms<10%，........，Af（10X）/Xrms<10%。

and if the frequency domain analysis result of the rotor vibration acceleration signal simultaneously meets the conditions in the first step to the third step, considering that the current rotor has an axis angle misalignment fault, otherwise, considering that the current rotor is in a normal running state.

In some embodiments, the one or more multiplied magnitudes include: the 2-frequency multiplication amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal and the 2-frequency multiplication amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal;

determining the rotor fault type as an axis combination misalignment including an axis parallel misalignment and an axis angle misalignment, in the case where the fundamental frequency amplitude and the one or more multiplied amplitudes satisfy a fifth condition;

the fifth condition includes:

the ratio of the fundamental frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal to the 2-fold frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal is smaller than a twelfth threshold value.

In actual implementation, this embodiment is a combination misalignment fault determination algorithm step.

The fifth condition includes the following 2 steps:

the first step: in the waveform time domain analysis result of the rotor vibration acceleration signal, the radial amplitude and the axial amplitude simultaneously meet the following conditions:

the root mean square value AXrms of the radial vibration acceleration signal is greater than the radial standard amplitude Xrms, and the root mean square value Xrms of the axial vibration acceleration signal is greater than the axial standard amplitude Arms.

And a second step of: in the frequency domain analysis result of the rotor vibration acceleration signal, the fundamental frequency amplitude Arf (1X) of the radial vibration acceleration signal and the 2-frequency multiplication amplitude Arf (2X) of the radial vibration acceleration signal satisfy the following relationship: arf (1X)/Arf (2X) < eleventh threshold. The eleventh threshold may be set according to actual requirements, and is not particularly limited herein, and may be set, for example, as follows: 0.1.

And a third step of: in the frequency domain analysis result of the rotor vibration acceleration signal, the fundamental frequency amplitude Aaf (1X) of the axial vibration acceleration signal and the double frequency amplitude Aaf (2X) of the axial vibration acceleration signal satisfy the following relationship: aaf (1X)/Aaf (1X) < twelfth threshold. The twelfth threshold may be set according to actual requirements, and is not specifically limited herein, and may be set, for example: 0.1.

and if the frequency domain analysis result of the rotor vibration acceleration signal synchronously meets the conditions in the first step to the third step, the current rotor is considered to have a combination misalignment fault, otherwise, the current rotor is considered to have a normal running state.

determining the rotor fault type as shaft bending if the fundamental frequency amplitude meets a sixth condition;

the sixth condition includes:

a vibration signal has a fault of horizontal misalignment in a vertical direction, a fault of angular misalignment in a radial direction, and a fault of angular misalignment in an axial direction;

In actual implementation, this embodiment is an axle bending fault determination algorithm step. In the rotor shaft bending fault judging process, frequency domain analysis is required to be carried out on vibration acceleration signals in the radial direction, the axial direction and the vertical direction of the rotor.

The sixth condition includes the following 2 steps:

the first step: in the frequency domain analysis result of the rotor vibration acceleration signal, the rotor vibration acceleration signal has a fault of horizontal misalignment in the vertical direction, and simultaneously has a fault of angular misalignment in the radial direction and a fault of angular misalignment in the axial direction;

and a second step of: in the frequency domain analysis result of the rotor radial vibration signal, the following relationship is satisfied between the fundamental frequency amplitude Arf (1X) of the radial vibration acceleration signal and the radial standard amplitude Xrms: xrms/Arf (1X) < thirteenth threshold. The thirteenth threshold value may be set according to actual requirements, and is not particularly limited herein, and may be set as follows: 50%.

And if the frequency domain analysis result of the rotor vibration acceleration signal simultaneously meets the conditions in the first step to the second step, the current rotor is considered to have the fault of shaft bending, otherwise, the running state of the current rotor is considered to be normal.

As shown in fig. 2, the present invention also provides a rotor fault diagnosis system.

The system may include: rotary mechanical equipment, displacement sensors, acceleration sensors, a front-end processor, a constant current source, an equipment industrial personal computer, an internal temperature sensor, an internal pressure sensor, an equipment vibration monitoring system, an equipment state monitoring system and other devices.

The equipment industrial personal computer is used for receiving data sent by the equipment vibration monitoring system and the equipment state monitoring system and determining fault diagnosis results.

The equipment vibration monitoring system is used for monitoring:

1. time domain analysis of the device vibration signal.

2. Frequency domain analysis of the device vibration signal.

3. And (5) performing spectrum analysis on the vibration signal of the equipment.

4. And (5) real-time fault early warning, fault classification and fault positioning analysis of equipment vibration signals.

The equipment state monitoring system is used for monitoring:

1. and analyzing the change trend of the temperature and the pressure inside and outside the equipment.

2. And (5) analyzing the distribution characteristics of the temperature and the pressure inside and outside the equipment.

3. And monitoring and analyzing the real-time statistical control diagram of the temperature and the pressure inside and outside the equipment.

The interfaces of the equipment rotor fault diagnosis system based on the equipment fault mechanism model development are shown in figures 3-4.

The invention provides a rotor fault analysis method, which is a novel equipment fault early warning, fault classification and fault positioning method based on a rotating mechanical equipment fault mechanism model and equipment state variable monitoring analysis. Compared with the traditional fault early warning method based on equipment state monitoring data and the equipment fault diagnosis model based on the rotating machinery fault mechanism model, the novel method has the following two advantages:

(1) The invention is triggered by a rotary mechanical fault mechanism model, provides three fault diagnosis models for quantifying common faults (shaft unbalance, shaft misalignment and shaft bending) of a rotary device rotor, designs a diagnosis model aiming at the necessary conditions of various faults of the rotor based on frequency domain analysis data of radial, axial and vertical vibration acceleration signals of the device rotor, and can adaptively adjust control thresholds (standard amplitude of radial vibration acceleration signals, standard amplitude of axial vibration acceleration signals and standard amplitude of vertical vibration acceleration signals) in various fault diagnosis models according to the accuracy of fault diagnosis; the rotor fault diagnosis method simultaneously considers the monitoring results of the statistical control diagrams such as the variation trend, the distribution characteristics and the like of the running state variables such as the internal temperature, the internal pressure and the like of the equipment, synthesizes the diagnosis results of the rotor fault mechanism model of the equipment and the judgment results of the real-time statistical control diagrams of the running state variables of the equipment, gives out the final fault diagnosis result, the fault classification and the fault occurrence part positioning of the equipment, and compared with the existing equipment fault early warning method, the rotor fault diagnosis method provided by the invention has higher accuracy and greatly reduces the probability of false alarm and missing alarm of the fault diagnosis result.

(2) Compared with the existing fault early warning method based on big data modeling technology, the method has stronger practicability, has lower requirement on equipment sampling data, and can be applied to more industrial equipment fault diagnosis fields, such as a water supply pump in the electric power industry, a BOG compressor, a high-pressure pump in the petrochemical industry, a sea water pump and the like.

It should be noted that, according to the type of the rotor mechanism fault of the rotating equipment, the invention designs necessary fault diagnosis conditions and algorithm models for each fault, and the fault diagnosis algorithm models are subjected to practical application and verification test of fault diagnosis of the water supply pump equipment of the power plant, and the system obtains good application effect;

in the process of diagnosing the faults of the rotating equipment, the invention considers the diagnosis result of the faults of the rotor mechanism and the judgment result of the parameter statistical control chart of the running state of the equipment, and the diagnosis results of two dimensions are mutually verified and confirmed, thus obviously reducing the probability of missing alarm and false alarm of the algorithm.

The rotor fault diagnosis apparatus provided by the present invention will be described below, and the rotor fault diagnosis apparatus described below and the rotor fault diagnosis method described above may be referred to correspondingly to each other.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a rotor fault diagnosis device provided by the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, the rotor fault diagnosis apparatus provided by the present invention includes:

a first determining module 510, configured to perform time domain analysis on a vibration signal of a rotor of a device to be diagnosed, and determine a root mean square value of the vibration signal;

a second determining module 520, configured to perform frequency domain analysis on the vibration signal, determine a fundamental frequency amplitude of the vibration signal, one or more frequency multiplication amplitudes of the vibration signal, and a frequency domain array corresponding to the vibration signal, where the vibration signal includes at least one of the following: a radial vibration acceleration signal, an axial vibration acceleration signal, and a vertical vibration acceleration signal;

a third determination module 530 for determining a rotor fault type of the device to be diagnosed based on one or more of the fundamental frequency amplitude, the one or more multiplied frequency amplitudes, the frequency domain array, and the root mean square value;

a fourth determination module 540 is configured to determine a fault location of the device to be diagnosed based on the rotor fault type, the internal temperature of the device to be diagnosed, and the internal pressure of the device to be diagnosed.

According to the rotor fault diagnosis device provided by the invention, the frequency domain analysis and the time domain analysis are carried out on the radial vibration acceleration signal, the axial vibration acceleration signal and the vertical vibration acceleration signal of the rotor of the equipment to be diagnosed to obtain the frequency domain analysis data and the time domain analysis data, and then the internal temperature and the internal pressure of the equipment to be diagnosed, which characterize the running state of the equipment, are combined to determine the fault type and the fault position of the rotor, so that the accuracy of fault diagnosis is improved, meanwhile, the probability of false alarm and missed alarm of the fault diagnosis result is greatly reduced, the positioning of the fault occurrence part of the rotor is more accurate, and the cause of the rotor fault is also more definite.

In some embodiments, in the case that the vibration signal includes the radial vibration acceleration signal, the axial vibration acceleration signal, and the vertical vibration acceleration signal, the third determining module 530 is specifically configured to:

the first condition includes:

in case the vibration signal comprises the radial vibration acceleration signal and the axial vibration acceleration signal, the third determining module 430 is specifically configured to:

the second condition includes:

the third condition includes:

in case the vibration signal comprises the radial vibration acceleration signal and the axial vibration acceleration signal, the third determining module 530 is specifically configured to:

the fourth condition includes:

the fifth condition includes:

the sixth condition includes:

Fig. 6 illustrates a physical schematic diagram of an electronic device, as shown in fig. 6, which may include: processor 610, communication interface (Communications Interface) 620, memory 630, and communication bus 640, wherein processor 610, communication interface 620, and memory 630 communicate with each other via communication bus 640. The processor 610 may invoke logic instructions in the memory 630 to perform a rotor fault diagnosis method comprising:

Further, the logic instructions in the memory 630 may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.

In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program, the computer program being storable on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, the computer program, when executed by a processor, being capable of performing the rotor fault diagnosis method provided by the above methods, the method comprising:

In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the rotor fault diagnosis method provided by the above methods, the method comprising:

The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.

From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the respective embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotor fault diagnosis method, characterized by comprising:

2. The rotor fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein, in the case where the vibration signal includes the radial vibration acceleration signal, the axial vibration acceleration signal, and the vertical vibration acceleration signal, the determining the type of rotor fault of the device to be diagnosed based on one or more of the fundamental frequency amplitude, the one or more multiplied frequency amplitudes, the frequency domain array, and the root mean square value includes:

the first condition includes:

3. The rotor fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein the one or more multiplied amplitudes comprise a 2-fold multiplied amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal;

the second condition includes:

4. The rotor fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein the one or more multiplied magnitudes include: the frequency multiplication amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is 2, and the frequency multiplication amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is N, wherein N is an integer which is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 10;

the third condition includes:

5. The rotor fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein the one or more multiplied magnitudes include: the frequency multiplication amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is 2, and the frequency multiplication amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal is N, wherein N is an integer which is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 10;

the fourth condition includes:

6. The rotor fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein the one or more multiplied magnitudes include: 2 times the frequency amplitude of the radial vibration acceleration signal and 2 times the frequency amplitude of the axial vibration acceleration signal;

the fifth condition includes:

7. The rotor fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein, in the case where the vibration signal includes the radial vibration acceleration signal, the axial vibration acceleration signal, and the vertical vibration acceleration signal, the determining the type of rotor fault of the device to be diagnosed based on one or more of the fundamental frequency amplitude, the one or more multiplied frequency amplitudes, the frequency domain array, and the root mean square value includes:

the sixth condition includes:

8. A rotor failure diagnosis apparatus, comprising:

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the rotor fault diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the program.

10. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the rotor fault diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.