CN117110996B - IFF radar interrogation signal generation method based on pulse modulation - Google Patents
IFF radar interrogation signal generation method based on pulse modulation Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/76—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein pulse-type signals are transmitted
- G01S13/78—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein pulse-type signals are transmitted discriminating between different kinds of targets, e.g. IFF-radar, i.e. identification of friend or foe
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Abstract
The invention discloses an IFF radar interrogation signal generation method based on pulse modulation, and relates to the field of IFF radars. In the method, data to be transmitted is grouped, the grouping includes 1bit waveform set selection bits,pbit waveform mapping group and 1bit pulse modulation bit; according to a one-to-one mapping relation, mapping the data states of the 1bit waveform set selection bits to a certain waveform set respectively, and mapping the waveform setspEach data combination state of the bit waveform mapping group is mapped to select one transmission waveform from the waveform set mapped by the 1bit waveform set selection bit for transmitting data, and pulse amplitude modulation is adopted to load the data of the 1bit pulse modulation bit to the datapAnd forming a pulse modulation signal on the transmission waveform mapped by the bit waveform mapping group. The technical scheme disclosed by the invention improves the information carrying capacity of the IFF radar.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of IFF radars, in particular to an IFF radar interrogation signal generation method based on pulse modulation.
Background
Target recognition systems (IFF, identification ofFriend-or-Foe) can be categorized into collaborative and non-collaborative types. The cooperative target recognition system is that the two parties needing to be confirmed complete identity confirmation through an inquiry response mechanism, the target recognition system which is developed and put into use at first is the cooperative target recognition system, and the IFF is a secondary radar. The non-cooperative target recognition system can classify and recognize the target without transmitting response signals indicating identity to the target to be recognized, and adopts various sensors to acquire the position information, state information, shape characteristics, scattering characteristics, image information and characteristic information of target echo in the monitoring range of the target, and then correlates and fuses the attribute information of the target to complete the identification of the target.
The IFF radar is widely applied to the civil aviation field, is represented by IFF MARK radar, and realizes the identification of the aircraft through the cooperative interaction of an interrogator and a transponder; the IFF radar has the data transmission function of an aerial plane and the ground besides the identification function; the data transmission function of the IFF radar can be used for transmitting PIN codes, country and task codes, position report information and the like, so that the function of the IFF radar is greatly expanded, and the information interaction capability of the ground and an airplane is improved.
However, in the prior art, the IFF radar interrogation signal carrying data is usually modulated by DPSK (differential phase shift keying) or MSK (minimum shift keying), and the information carrying capability of such a modulation mode is weak, which results in the reduction of the effectiveness of the system. Particularly, when the method is used for data interaction between an aviation aircraft and the ground, the information interaction time is long, and the real-time performance of data interaction is weak; in recent years, with the rapid increase of the demand for civil aviation data communication services, the low information interaction capability of the existing IFF radar has been difficult to meet the demand of civil aviation.
Therefore, how to improve the information interaction capability of the IFF radar and the effectiveness of the system is a technical problem to be solved in the civil aviation IFF radar field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to disclose a technical scheme for improving the information interaction capability of an IFF radar and improving the effectiveness of a system.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention provides an IFF radar interrogation signal generating method based on pulse modulation, which comprises the following steps:
(S1) generating a preamble pulse including the 1 st preamble pulseAnd 2 nd leader->；
(S2) grouping data to be transmitted, the grouping including 1-bit waveform set selection bits,pbit waveform mapping group and 1bit pulse modulation bit;
(S3) generating a 1 st waveform set and a 2 nd waveform set, each of the 1 st waveform set and the 2 nd waveform set includingNA plurality of transmission waveforms; the 1 st waveform set is:the 2 nd waveform set is: />Wherein->For each element in waveform 1 set, +.>Each element in the 2 nd waveform set;
(S4) according to a one-to-one mapping relation, mapping the data states of the 1-bit waveform set selection bits into a certain waveform set selected from the 1 st waveform set or the 2 nd waveform set respectively, wherein each data state of the 1-bit waveform set selection bits can only correspond to one waveform set;
(S5) according to a one-to-one mapping relationshippEach data combination state of the bit waveform mapping group is mapped to select a transmission waveform from the waveform set mapped by the 1bit waveform set selection bit for transmitting data,peach data combination of the bit waveform mapping group can only correspond to one transmission waveform, and the transmission waveforms corresponding to any two data combination states are different;
(S6) loading 1bit pulse modulation bit data into the pulse amplitude modulationpForming a pulse modulation signal on the transmission waveform mapped by the bit waveform mapping group;
(S7) combining the preamble pulse and the pulse modulation signal with a carrier waveCarrying out carrier modulation to form IFF radar interrogation signals, wherein the IFF radar interrogation signals are as follows:
；
wherein,for the 1 st preamble,/o>For the 2 nd leading pulse,u 1 for the interval between the 2 nd preamble pulse and the 1 st preamble pulse,a(t) As a result of the data signal,z(t) In order to transmit the waveform,u 2 for the interval between the transmission waveform and the 1 st preamble,T s for the cycle time of the data signal,Mfor the number of transmit waveforms contained in the IFF radar interrogation signal,iis the firstiA waveform; the transmission waveformz(t) Is the transmission waveform in the 1 st waveform set or the 2 nd waveform set.
Further, waveform set 1Transmission waveform and 2 nd waveform setThe transmission waveforms in (a) are orthogonal in pairs.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,pdata bits in bit waveform mapping grouppNumber of transmission waveforms with the 1 st waveform set or the 2 nd waveform setNThe relation is satisfied:。
further, the 1 st preamble pulseAnd 2 nd leader->The width of each of the pulses is 0.8 mu s, and the 2 nd leading pulseAnd 1 st preamble->Is the interval time of (2)u 1 2 mus, transmit waveform +.>And the 1 st preamble pulse +.>Is the interval time of (2)u 2 3.5 mus.
Further, waveform set 1Transmission waveform and 2 nd waveform setThe transmission waveforms in (a) are long spherical wave functions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The information carrying capacity of the IFF radar is improved.
In the prior art, an IFF radar interrogation signal carrying data is usually modulated by DPSK (differential phase shift keying) or MSK (minimum shift keying), and the information carrying capacity of the modulation mode is weak, so that the effectiveness of a system is reduced; particularly, when the method is used for data interaction between an aviation aircraft and the ground, the information interaction time is long, and the real-time performance of data interaction is weak. In the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, data to be transmitted are grouped, wherein the grouping comprises 1bit waveform set selection bits,pThe bit waveform mapping group and the 1bit pulse modulation bit carry information through waveform set selection and waveform selection besides the traditional pulse amplitude carrying information, and the capability of carrying information by the waveform can be expressed as follows: (1++ 1) bit, namely: (2+) bit, whereinNRepresenting the number of waveforms in the waveform set. Whereas in the prior art, for DPSK (differential phase shift keying) modulation or MSK (minimum shift keying) modulation, the waveform thereof has the capability of carrying informationTypically 1bit or less. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme disclosed by the invention greatly improves the information carrying capacity of the IFF radar.
(2) The interference immunity of the interrogation signal is improved.
In the prior art, the shaped pulse of an IFF radar interrogation signal is typically a rectangular pulse with high side lobe peak characteristics that distort the interrogation signal to a larger waveform when it is transmitted through filtering to the channel, thereby reducing its immunity to interference and causing errors in the interrogation data. In the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, a long spherical wave function is adopted to construct the shaping pulse of the IFF radar interrogation signal; the long spherical wave function has the optimal time domain energy aggregation, and the side lobe amplitude is smaller, the characteristic enables waveform distortion generated when the interrogation signal is filtered to be smaller, and the time domain energy aggregation of the long spherical wave function can greatly improve the power utilization efficiency of the IFF radar interrogation signal and enhance the signal-to-interference ratio; further, in the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the forming pulse of the query signal adopts an orthogonal waveform in a waveform set, and when the receiver demodulates the query data, the orthogonal waveform is identified by utilizing the time domain orthogonality of the orthogonal waveform; for the additive interference signal in the channel, the time domain orthogonality can orthogonalize the additive interference signal into a low-power interference signal because of being uncorrelated with the orthogonal waveform, so that the interference strength of the interference signal to the interrogation signal is greatly reduced. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme disclosed by the invention improves the anti-interference capability of the query signal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a timing diagram of an interrogation signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with fig. 1, with the examples being set forth only to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
In the prior art, an IFF radar interrogation signal generally adopts a DPSK (differential phase shift keying) modulation or MSK (minimum shift keying) modulation mode to transmit data, and the information carrying capacity of the modulation mode is weak, so that the effectiveness of the IFF radar system is reduced. Particularly, when the method is used for data interaction between an aviation aircraft and the ground, the information interaction time is long, and the real-time performance of data interaction is weak.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention discloses an IFF radar interrogation signal generation method based on pulse modulation. In the method, generating an IFF radar interrogation signal includes the steps of:
(S1) generating a preamble pulse including the 1 st preamble pulseAnd 2 nd leader->；
(S2) grouping data to be transmitted, the grouping including 1bit waveform set selection bits,pbit waveform mapping group and 1bit pulse modulation bit;
(S3) generating a 1 st waveform set and a 2 nd waveform set, each of the 1 st waveform set and the 2 nd waveform set includingNA plurality of transmission waveforms; the 1 st waveform set is:the 2 nd waveform set is: />Wherein->For each element in waveform 1 set, +.>Each element in the 2 nd waveform set;
(S4) according to a one-to-one mapping relation, mapping the data states of the 1-bit waveform set selection bits into a certain waveform set selected from the 1 st waveform set or the 2 nd waveform set respectively, wherein each data state of the 1-bit waveform set selection bits can only correspond to one waveform set;
(S5) according to a one-to-one mapping relationshippEach data combination state of the bit waveform mapping group is mapped to select a transmission waveform from the waveform set mapped by the 1bit waveform set selection bit for transmitting data,peach data combination of the bit waveform mapping group can only correspond to one transmission waveform, and the transmission waveforms corresponding to any two data combination states are different;
(S6) loading 1bit pulse modulation bit data into the pulse amplitude modulationpForming a pulse modulation signal on the transmission waveform mapped by the bit waveform mapping group;
(S7) combining the preamble and pulse modulated signals with a carrier waveCarrying out carrier modulation to form IFF radar interrogation signals, wherein the IFF radar interrogation signals are as follows:
；
wherein,for the 1 st preamble,/o>For the 2 nd leading pulse,u 1 for the interval between the 2 nd and 1 st preamble pulses,a(t) As a result of the data signal,z(t) In order to transmit the waveform,u 2 for the interval between the transmission waveform and the 1 st preamble,T s the cycle time of the data signal is determined,Mfor the number of transmit waveforms contained in the IFF radar interrogation signal,iis the firstiA waveform, as shown in fig. 1; transmission waveformz(t) Is the transmission waveform in the 1 st waveform set or the 2 nd waveform set.
In the technical scheme disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the inventor breaks through the limitation of the IFF radar in the prior art that data is transmitted based on a single modulation mode, groups the data to be transmitted, and the grouping comprises 1bit waveform set selectionA position,pbit waveform mapping group and 1bit pulse modulation bit, by constructing two waveform sets, a 1 st waveform set and a 2 nd waveform set, both waveform sets comprisingNA plurality of transmission waveforms; on the basis, three modes of waveform set selection, waveform transmission mapping and pulse amplitude modulation are adopted to load information respectively, so that the information carrying way of the IFF radar is greatly expanded, and the information carrying capacity of the IFF radar is improved. Specifically, the waveform set is selected as:
generating a 1 st waveform set and a 2 nd waveform set, each of the 1 st waveform set and the 2 nd waveform set comprisingNA plurality of transmission waveforms; the 1 st waveform set is:the 2 nd waveform set is: />The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For a 1bit waveform set selection bit, there are two binary data states, so two binary data states can be represented by the selection of the waveform set; that is, according to a one-to-one mapping relationship, binary data states of the 1-bit waveform set selection bits are mapped to a certain waveform set selected from the 1 st waveform set or the 2 nd waveform set, respectively, and each data state of the 1-bit waveform set selection bits can only correspond to one waveform set, as shown in table 1.
Table 1: correspondence of binary data states of waveform set selection bits to waveform sets
Further, in the technical scheme disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of waveform set selection, information loading is performed through transmission waveform mapping, and specifically, the transmission waveform mapping is:
by the waveform set selection, the selected waveform set comprisesNA transmission waveform from whichNOne waveform is selected from the waveforms for transmitting data, and the information carried by any selected waveform when transmitting data is thatThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the waveform mapping group contains data bit number +.>Can satisfy one-to-one mapping relation, thuspThe data bit combination state of the bit waveform mapping group is mapped by selecting a certain waveform transmission information from the waveform set, namely according to a one-to-one mapping relationpEach data combination state of the bit waveform mapping group is mapped to select a transmission waveform from the waveform set mapped by the 1bit waveform set selection bit for transmitting data,peach data combination of the bit waveform mapping group can only correspond to one transmission waveform, and the transmission waveforms corresponding to any two data combination states are different; preferably, the method comprises the steps of,pdata bits in bit waveform mapping grouppNumber of transmission waveforms of waveform setNThe relation is satisfied: />. When the number of transmission waveforms of the 1 st waveform set and the 2 nd waveform set isN=4, at this timepData bit number in bit waveform mapping group +.>. When the waveform set mapped by the 1bit waveform set selection bit is the 1 st waveform set, the waveform set is:the mapping relationship between each data combination state of the 2bit waveform mapping group and the 1 st waveform set transmission waveform is shown in table 2.
Table 2: mapping relation between data combination state of 2bit waveform mapping group and transmission waveform of 1 st waveform set
Further, in the technical scheme disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, on the basis of waveform set selection and transmission waveform mapping, pulse amplitude modulation is adopted for information loading on the mapped transmission waveform. As is known from pulse amplitude modulation, for binary information, the ability of pulse amplitude modulation to carry information is that a transmission waveform carries 1bit of data.
In summary, in the technical scheme disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, data to be transmitted is grouped, where the grouping includes 1bit waveform set selection bits,pThe bit waveform mapping group and the 1bit pulse modulation bit carry information through waveform set selection and waveform selection besides the traditional pulse amplitude carrying information, and the capability of carrying information by the waveform can be expressed as follows: (1++1) bit, namely: (2+/>) bit, whereinNRepresenting the number of waveforms in the waveform set. In the prior art, the capability of carrying information by the waveform is usually less than or equal to 1bit for DPSK (differential phase shift keying) modulation or MSK (minimum shift keying) modulation. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme disclosed by the embodiment of the invention greatly improves the information carrying capacity of the IFF radar.
Further, in the technical scheme disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the 1 st waveform setTransmission waveform and 2 nd waveform set->The transmission waveforms in the method all meet the requirement of time domain pairwise orthogonality. The time domain orthogonality of the transmission waveform enables the receiver to identify the orthogonal waveform by utilizing the time domain orthogonality of the orthogonal waveform when demodulating the query data, and simultaneously, the power of the received signal is enhanced; further, for the additive interference signal in the channel, the time domain orthogonality can orthogonalize the additive interference signal into a low-power interference signal because of being uncorrelated with the orthogonal waveform, so that the interference strength of the interference signal to the interrogation signal is greatly reduced. How to exploit the time domain orthogonality of orthogonal waveformsThe identification of orthogonal waveforms is a common technical means for those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
Further, in the technical scheme disclosed in the embodiment of the invention, the IFF radar interrogation signal includesMThe number of the transmission waveforms adopts a serial transmission mode, namely only one transmission waveform is arranged at any moment, so that the problem of waveform crosstalk caused by parallel transmission of a plurality of transmission waveforms is avoided; further, it comprisesMThe number of transmission waveforms belongs to the 1 st waveform set of two different orthogonal waveform setsAnd waveform set 2->And the mutual independence between the two waveform sets is strong, so that the anti-interference capability of the transmission waveform is further enhanced, and the reliability of the IFF radar interrogation signal is improved.
Preferably, in the technical scheme disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the 1 st waveform setTransmission waveform and 2 nd waveform set->The transmission waveforms in (a) are long spherical wave functions. As known from the prior knowledge, the long spherical wave function has the optimal energy aggregation characteristic, and the side lobe amplitude is smaller, so that the characteristic is beneficial to enhancing the power utilization rate of the transmission waveform. In the technical scheme disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the pulse amplitude modulation is performed by adopting the long spherical wave function, which can be equivalent to changing the forming pulse of the IFF radar interrogation signal from a rectangular pulse to the long spherical wave function. As known from the prior knowledge, the high side lobe peak value characteristic of the rectangular pulse can cause larger waveform distortion when the IFF radar interrogation signal is transmitted to a channel through filtering, so that the anti-interference capability of the IFF radar interrogation signal can be reduced, and the interrogation data is wrong. In the technical scheme disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the IFF radar inquiry is constructed by adopting the long spherical wave function as the transmission waveformThe long spherical wave function has the optimal time domain energy aggregation property and smaller side lobe amplitude, the characteristics of the long spherical wave function enable waveform distortion generated when the interrogation signal is filtered to be smaller, and the time domain energy aggregation property of the long spherical wave function can greatly improve the power utilization efficiency of the IFF radar interrogation signal and enhance the signal-to-interference ratio. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme disclosed by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the transmission waveform adopts the long spherical wave function with orthogonal time domains, so that the anti-interference capability of the IFF radar interrogation signal is improved.
In the prior art, the 1 st leading pulse in the IFF radar interrogation signalAnd 2 nd preamble->Is used to distinguish the type or mode of operation of the IFF radar. Further, in the technical scheme disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the IFF radar is used for realizing the identification and information interaction between the aviation aircraft and the ground. Typically, the 1 st preamble pulse +.>And 2 nd leader->The width of (2) is 0.8. Mu.s, the 2 nd leading pulse +.>And 1 st preamble->Is the interval time of (2)u 1 2 mus, transmit waveform +.>And 1 st preamble->Is the interval time of (2)u 2 3.5 mus.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the modes of use listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The IFF radar interrogation signal generation method based on pulse modulation is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(S1) generating a preamble pulse including the 1 st preamble pulseAnd 2 nd leader->；
(S2) grouping data to be transmitted, the grouping including 1-bit waveform set selection bits,pbit waveform mapping group and 1bit pulse modulation bit;
(S3) generating a 1 st waveform set and a 2 nd waveform set, each of the 1 st waveform set and the 2 nd waveform set includingNA plurality of transmission waveforms; the 1 st waveform set is:the 2 nd waveform set is: />WhereinFor each element in waveform 1 set, +.>Each element in the 2 nd waveform set;
(S4) according to a one-to-one mapping relation, mapping the data states of the 1-bit waveform set selection bits into a certain waveform set selected from the 1 st waveform set or the 2 nd waveform set respectively, wherein each data state of the 1-bit waveform set selection bits can only correspond to one waveform set;
(S5) according to a one-to-one mapping relationshippEach data combination state of the bit waveform mapping group is mapped to select a transmission waveform from the waveform set mapped by the 1bit waveform set selection bit for transmitting data,peach data combination of the bit waveform mapping group can only correspond to one transmission waveform, and the transmission waveforms corresponding to any two data combination states are different;
(S6) loading 1bit pulse modulation bit data into the pulse amplitude modulationpForming a pulse modulation signal on the transmission waveform mapped by the bit waveform mapping group;
(S7) combining the preamble pulse and the pulse modulation signal with a carrier waveCarrying out carrier modulation to form IFF radar interrogation signals, wherein the IFF radar interrogation signals are as follows:
；
wherein,for the 1 st preamble,/o>For the 2 nd leading pulse,u 1 for the interval between the 2 nd preamble pulse and the 1 st preamble pulse,a(t) As a result of the data signal,z(t) In order to transmit the waveform,u 2 for the interval between the transmission waveform and the 1 st preamble,T s for the cycle time of the data signal,Mfor the number of transmit waveforms contained in the IFF radar interrogation signal,iis the firstiA waveform; the transmission waveformz(t) Transmission in 1 st waveform set or 2 nd waveform setAnd (5) outputting waveforms.
2. The pulse modulation based IFF radar interrogation signal generating method of claim 1, wherein the 1 st set of waveformsTransmission waveform and 2 nd waveform setThe transmission waveforms in (a) are orthogonal in pairs.
3. The method for generating an IFF radar interrogation signal based on pulse modulation according to claim 2,pdata bits in bit waveform mapping grouppNumber of transmission waveforms with the 1 st waveform set or the 2 nd waveform setNThe relation is satisfied:。
4. the pulse modulation based IFF radar interrogation signal generating method of claim 2, wherein the 1 st preamble pulseAnd 2 nd leader->The width of (2) is 0.8. Mu.s, the 2 nd leading pulse +.>With the 1 st preamble pulseIs the interval time of (2)u 1 2 mus, transmit waveform +.>And the 1 st preamble pulse +.>Is the interval time of (2)u 2 3.5 mus.
5. The pulse modulation based IFF radar interrogation signal generating method of claim 2, wherein the 1 st set of waveformsTransmission waveform and 2 nd waveform setThe transmission waveforms in (a) are long spherical wave functions.
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