CN117107861A - Outdoor passive portable all-day water collecting device - Google Patents
Outdoor passive portable all-day water collecting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117107861A CN117107861A CN202311341697.4A CN202311341697A CN117107861A CN 117107861 A CN117107861 A CN 117107861A CN 202311341697 A CN202311341697 A CN 202311341697A CN 117107861 A CN117107861 A CN 117107861A
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- water
- reservoir
- water collecting
- collecting tank
- umbrella
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 213
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910021542 Vanadium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- GRUMUEUJTSXQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium dioxide Chemical compound O=[V]=O GRUMUEUJTSXQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003090 exacerbative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/28—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from humid air
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/40—Other devices for confining, e.g. trenches, drainage
Abstract
The invention relates to a field passive portable water collecting device, and belongs to the technical field of energy utilization. Comprises a water collecting tank, a water storage tank, a bracket and a water absorbing body; the reservoir is coaxially positioned in the water collecting tank; the support is umbrella-shaped, a coating is arranged on the top surface of the umbrella surface of the support, and the lower end of the umbrella rod of the support is fixedly arranged in the reservoir; the coating comprises an aluminum layer, a silicon dioxide layer, a vanadium dioxide layer and an aluminum oxide layer from bottom to top; the water absorption body is umbrella-shaped, the material is hydrophilic porous material, the umbrella surface of the water absorption body is fixed on the bottom surface of the umbrella surface of the bracket, and the water absorption rod is positioned in the reservoir. The device can adaptively realize solar photo-thermal water collection in daytime and night sky radiation refrigeration water collection, and water in the reservoir is evaporated in daytime to obtain water vapor which is condensed and flows into the water collecting tank; at night, water vapor in the atmosphere is condensed on the surface of the coating and flows into the water collecting tank; the water yield in the whole day exceeds 2 kg.m ‑2 ·day ‑1 The water collecting efficiency of the whole day is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy utilization, and particularly relates to a technology for obtaining fresh water resources based on sky radiation refrigeration technology, solar photo-thermal conversion technology and the like.
Background
Water resource shortage and drinking water safety are common problems facing human society. About 22 million people worldwide cannot obtain safe drinking water, and the most populated areas are saharan south africa, south asia and latin america. To alleviate this problem, the atmosphere, six times the total amount of the global river, becomes a sustainable source of water. Dew in the morning is purified water obtained from the atmosphere by plants, and the sky radiation refrigeration principle is utilized. The sky radiation refrigeration is to take a space low-temperature background as a radiation heat transfer object, and transmit heat into the sky through an atmospheric window so as to realize that a radiation cooling material of which the ground surface object is passively refrigerated and is lower than the dew point temperature at night can absorb moisture in the atmosphere in a high-humidity environment to obtain purified water. In addition, a technology of obtaining pure condensed water by using sunlight has been known in the past, which is a solar photo-thermal conversion technology. The photo-thermal conversion is a mode of converting solar radiation into heat energy for use by improving solar radiation absorption and reducing middle infrared emission through a spectrum selective coating. The conversion of solar energy into thermal energy drives evaporation, which involves the generation of steam at a temperature below the boiling temperature and steam at or above the boiling temperature, to obtain pure condensate.
Currently, various devices are invented to collect water resources. 2018 Yuan Dan et al have discovered a condensate water collecting device that employs radiant refrigeration technology. At night, the condensation method can be used for converting the water vapor in the atmosphere into clean and drinkable water, so that certain lack problems are relieved. But the device works only at night, resulting in a great deal of time waste. Solar-thermal energy conversion for water purification is also considered a more environmentally friendly and cost effective technology. In recent years, solar-driven water evaporation technology has attracted extensive attention in academia and industry. 2022 year Zhang Xiansheng discloses an intelligent solar energy interface evaporation type continuous sea water desalination collecting device, which provides an effective method for solving the problem of water resource shortage and has wide application prospect in the fields of sea water desalination and sewage treatment. And Han Chuanlong et al have invented similar devices earlier, can utilize solar energy to desalinate sea water, realize fresh water collection. Although many researches have been made, the existing equipment has low energy utilization efficiency, and continuous collection of water resources in the daytime and at night cannot be realized. In order to collect purified water more efficiently, solar photo-thermal conversion in the daytime and radiation refrigeration in the sky at night are coupled. The solar photo-thermal conversion water collection in daytime is realized, and the refrigeration water collection is realized by the sky radiation at night. However, from spectral analysis, there is a spectral conflict between solar photothermal conversion material and radiant refrigerant material. Therefore, achieving high efficiency of night water collection remains a challenge without compromising daytime water collection performance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to adaptively switch a daytime solar thermal water collection mode and a night sky radiation refrigeration water collection mode and realize the continuous acquisition of more condensed purified water in the daytime and at night, the invention provides a field passive portable all-day water collection device.
A field passive portable water collecting device comprises a water collecting tank 1, a water storage tank 3, a bracket 6 and a water absorbing body 5;
the water collecting tank 1 and the water reservoir 3 are cylindrical, and the water reservoir 3 is coaxially positioned in the water collecting tank 1; the diameter of the water reservoir 3 is smaller than that of the water collecting tank 1, and the height of the water reservoir 3 is smaller than that of the water collecting tank 1; the top of the water collecting tank 1 is covered with a transparent cover plate 8;
the bracket 6 is umbrella-shaped, the top surface of the bracket umbrella surface 62 is provided with a coating 7, the bracket umbrella rod 61 is a supporting rod, the lower end of the supporting rod is fixedly arranged in the reservoir 3, and the bracket umbrella rod 61 is coaxial with the reservoir 3; the heat conductivity coefficient of the bracket 6 material is 0.01-0.5W m -1 ·K -1 ；
The coating 7 is a temperature self-adaptive film and comprises an aluminum layer 71, a silicon dioxide layer 72, a vanadium dioxide layer 73 and an aluminum oxide layer 74 from bottom to top;
the water absorption body 5 is umbrella-shaped, the umbrella surface of the water absorption body 5 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the umbrella surface of the bracket 6, and the water absorption rod of the water absorption body 5 is positioned in the reservoir 3; the water absorption body 5 is made of hydrophilic porous material;
the outdoor passive portable water collecting device adaptively switches solar photo-thermal in daytime and sky radiation refrigeration at night;
the coating 7 is dependent on the daytime and nighttime temperaturesThe spectrum characteristics of the solar energy heat collector are changed to meet the requirements of high-efficiency solar energy photo-thermal in the daytime and radiation refrigeration at night; during daytime, water in the reservoir 3 is evaporated to obtain water vapor, and the water vapor is condensed and flows into the water collecting tank 1; at night, the water vapor in the atmosphere is condensed on the surface of the coating 7 and flows into the water collecting tank 1; the water yield in the whole day exceeds 2 kg.m -2 ·day -1 。
The further defined technical scheme is as follows:
the diameter of the reservoir 3 is at least one half of the diameter of the water collecting tank 1, and the height of the reservoir 3 is at least 20cm smaller than the height of the water collecting tank 1.
The material of the bracket 6 is one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, perfluoroethylene propylene, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and glass fiber.
The outer circumference of the bracket umbrella surface 62 is an arc drainage plate 63 which is bent downwards.
The coating 7 comprises an alumina layer, a vanadium dioxide layer, a silicon dioxide layer and a metal aluminum layer which are sequentially connected up and down.
The thickness of the aluminum oxide layer is 40 nm-60 nm, the thickness of the vanadium dioxide layer is 180 nm-250 nm, the thickness of the silicon dioxide layer is more than 200 mu m, and the thickness of the aluminum layer is more than 100 nm.
The water absorber 5 is made of one of plant fiber, sponge and hydrogenated cotton. The water absorption body 5 has hydrophilic groups, is porous, safe and environment-friendly, and can rapidly transport sewage or seawater.
The umbrella cover of the water absorber 5 has a thickness of 3-10 mm and the diameter of the water absorbing rod is 0.5-2 cm.
The water collecting tank 1 is made of one of plastic, glass, ceramic, enamel and stainless steel.
The material of the reservoir 3 is one of polyvinyl chloride plastic, glass, ceramic, enamel and stainless steel.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the outdoor passive portable water collecting device realizes continuous solar photo-thermal water collection in daytime and radiation refrigeration water collection at night by means of the temperature self-adaptive film. When the solar energy self-adaptive film works in daytime, the temperature self-adaptive film is converted into a solar energy photo-thermal mode along with temperature rise, the solar energy self-adaptive film has excellent spectrum selectivity, the absorptivity of solar radiation wave bands is higher than 0.85, and meanwhile, the emissivity of a middle infrared wave band is lower than 0.3, so that the absorption of solar radiation is enhanced, the heat loss is reduced, and high heat and temperature are obtained. The high temperature coating can exacerbate the evaporation of water to obtain water vapor, which can quickly condense into purified water when encountering the cooler sump walls and remain in the sump. At this time, the material with the spectrum selection characteristic has better solar energy utilization rate than the traditional material for solar photo-thermal water collection.
Meanwhile, compared with the traditional solar water collection, the solar water heater can work at night and can work in places without water sources. When the solar energy self-adaptive temperature-adaptive film works at night, the temperature-adaptive film is changed into a radiation refrigeration mode along with the reduction of temperature, the emissivity of the middle infrared band is increased due to the phase change of vanadium dioxide, the emissivity is higher than 0.75, and heat is dissipated into space through an atmospheric window in a heat radiation mode, so that the temperature-adaptive film reaches below the dew point temperature, and moisture in the atmosphere can be condensed on the surface of the temperature-adaptive film and then flows into a water collecting tank.
Therefore, the invention has higher solar energy utilization rate than the traditional solar energy water collection in daytime, obtains more water vapor and condenses into purified water; secondly, the invention can work at night, capturing water vapor from the atmosphere and condensing into liquid water that can be directly drunk. The water source in the process comes from the moisture in the atmosphere, does not need an additional water source, and can be widely applied to arid and rainless places such as deserts. In addition, the two working modes do not need additional input energy, and the device is clean and pollution-free.
2. The yield of the outdoor passive portable water collecting device exceeds 2 kg.m -2 ·day -1 The efficiency of the device is improved by 20% compared with that of a single daytime water collecting device, which shows that the device has great potential for collecting water resources on a large scale. Both the daytime mode and the nighttime mode only depend on solar photo-thermal and radiation refrigeration to obtain energy, and no additional power source is required to be input.
3. The invention realizes automatic switching of solar photo-thermal water collection in daytime and radiation refrigeration water collection at night by utilizing the temperature self-adaptive film, does not need to input additional energy or control signals, saves cost and maintenance, and can be used from different water sources: pure condensed water is obtained from sewage, seawater and atmosphere, and the method is suitable for different environments and requirements, and provides a safe, reliable and sustainable solution for areas lacking drinking water. Considering outdoor use, structural design is simple, light, easily carries and installs, is fit for field use. The umbrella-shaped bracket and the water absorbing body can be conveniently folded and unfolded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of daytime water collection according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of night catchment according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a stent structure.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the coating of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a spectrum of the visible light band of the coating of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of the infrared band spectrum in the coating of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a graph of outdoor temperature change for a coating of the present invention.
Number in the upper diagram: the water collecting tank 1, condensed water 2, a water storage tank 3, water 4, a water absorbing body 5, a bracket 6, a bracket umbrella rod 61, a bracket umbrella cover 62, an arc-shaped drainage plate 63, a coating 7, an aluminum layer 71, a silicon dioxide layer 72, a vanadium dioxide layer 73, an aluminum oxide layer 74 and a transparent cover plate 8.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a field passive portable water collecting device comprises a water collecting tank 1, a water storage tank 3, a bracket 6 and a water absorbing body 5.
The water collecting tank 1 and the water reservoir 3 are cylindrical barrels, and the water reservoir 3 is coaxially positioned in the water collecting tank 1; the top of the water collecting tank 1 is covered with a transparent cover plate 8.
The water collecting tank 1 is made of glass, has a wall thickness of 4mm and stable chemical property, and is used for collecting condensed water, collecting wall condensed water in daytime and collecting condensed water on the coating 7 at night.
The reservoir 3 is made of glass, has a wall thickness of 4mm, is chemically stable, and is used for providing a water source for evaporation, including river water, sea water and water which cannot be directly used.
The diameter of the reservoir 3 is one half of the diameter of the water collecting tank 1, and the height of the reservoir 3 is smaller than 20cm of the water collecting tank 1.
The transparent cover plate 8 is made of a polyethylene film with the thickness of 0.1mm, and has the function of preventing vapor evaporated in the daytime from escaping, and simultaneously provides good optical transmittance, and the transmittance of solar radiation wave bands of 300nm-2500nm is 0.95.
Referring to fig. 3, the bracket 6 is umbrella-shaped, the top surface of the bracket umbrella surface 62 is coated with a coating 7, and the outer circumference of the bracket umbrella surface 62 is an arc drainage plate 63 which is bent downwards; the support umbrella rod 61 is a support rod, the lower end of the support rod is fixedly arranged in the reservoir 3, and the support umbrella rod 61 is coaxial with the reservoir 3. The material of the bracket 6 is that the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.01-0.5 W.m -1 ·K -1 Is a polytetrafluoroethylene of (1).
Referring to fig. 4, the coating 7 is a temperature-adaptive film including, in order from bottom to top, an aluminum layer 71 having a thickness of 100nm, a silicon dioxide layer 72 having a thickness of 0.5mm, a vanadium dioxide layer 73 having a thickness of 200nm, and an aluminum oxide layer 74 having a thickness of 50 nm.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the absorptivity of the coating 7 in a high temperature state for solar radiation having a wavelength of 300nm to 2500nm is 0.89, and the emissivity for the mid-infrared band of 5000nm to 20000nm is 0.21; the mid-infrared emissivity of the low temperature state coating 7 is 0.75. Referring to fig. 7, in an outdoor experiment, the stagnation temperature of the coating 7 reached 97 ℃ during the day, providing a heat source for evaporating water in the reservoir. The stagnation temperature of the coating 7 at night is lower than 7 ℃ which provides a cold source for condensing water in the air.
Referring to fig. 1, the water absorbing body 5 is umbrella-shaped, the umbrella surface of the water absorbing body 5 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the umbrella surface of the bracket 6, and the water absorbing rod of the water absorbing body 5 is positioned in the water reservoir 3. The water absorbing body 5 is made of water absorbing sponge, the umbrella surface of the water absorbing body 5 is 2cm in thickness, the diameter of the water absorbing rod is 1cm, the length of the water absorbing rod is 10cm, the water absorbing body 5 is used for storing liquid, and the liquid in the reservoir 3 is led to the lower side of the coating 7.
The water 4 in the reservoir 3 is river water.
The working principle of the invention is described in detail as follows:
referring to fig. 5, the solar band absorption of the coating 7 can reach 0.85 during the daytime, while the infrared emissivity is reduced below 0.3. Absorbing as much heat as possible while reducing heat loss. Referring to fig. 6, the emissivity of the coating 7 in the mid-night infrared band increases to 0.75, enhancing the thermal radiation to dissipate heat through the atmospheric window to outer space. The coating 7 corresponds to different spectral characteristics in the daytime and at night, and can change the spectral characteristics of the coating according to the temperature change of the coating material so as to meet the requirements of high-efficiency solar photo-thermal in the daytime and radiation refrigeration at night.
Referring to fig. 1, during the day, the coating 7 achieves enhanced heat radiation characteristics, exacerbating the evaporation of water to obtain water vapor which rapidly condenses into purified water flowing into the sump 1 upon encountering the inner sump walls of the cooler sump 1. Referring to fig. 2, at night, the coating 7 changes its spectral characteristics with a decrease in temperature to obtain a temperature lower than the dew point, and water vapor in the atmosphere condenses on the surface of the coating 7 as dew water and flows into the sump 1.
The device is subjected to water collection performance test, and the device realizes all-day water collection by means of daytime solar photo-thermal and night sky radiation refrigeration through self-adaptive switching of the coating 7. The test result shows that in daytime, the device provided by the invention can heat the seawater 4 in the reservoir 3 to about 80 ℃ and convey the seawater 4 to the lower part of the coating 7 through the water absorbing body 5 for evaporation. The salt and impurities in the seawater 4 are filtered out to produce pure water vapor. The vapor passes through the transparent cover plate 8 and then meets the inner tank wall surface of the cold water collecting tank 1 to be condensed into purified water, and flows into the water collecting tank 1. During night, the device provided by the invention realizes the radiation refrigeration effect of the coating 7 on deep space, and the surface temperature of the coating 7 is reduced to about minus 10 ℃ and is lower than the dew point temperature of the atmosphere. At this time, water vapor in the atmosphere is condensed into dew on the surface of the coating 7 and flows into the sump 1 along the arc-shaped drainage plates 63. After 24 hours of continuous operation, the device of the invention achieves the collection of about 4.2g of purified water from sea water 4 and the atmosphere, which corresponds to the collection of about 2.1. 2.1 kg of purified water per square meter per day, which improves the efficiency by about 20% compared with the prior art.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is the selection of the material portions. The materials of the water collecting tank 1 and the water storage tank 3 are replaced by polyvinyl chloride plastics with flexible characteristics, so that the folding and carrying are convenient.
The heat conductivity coefficient is 0.1W m -1 ·K -1 The water absorber 5 is replaced by polyester fiber, has hydrophilic groups, is porous, and is safe and environment-friendly. The umbrella face thickness of the water absorption body 5 is 6mm, and the diameter of the water absorption rod is 0.8cm.
The water 4 in the reservoir 3 is selected to replace seawater with domestic sewage.
The device of the invention is tested for water collection performance, and the test result shows that the device of the invention can heat the domestic sewage in the reservoir 3 to about 80 ℃ during daytime, and convey the domestic sewage to the lower part of the coating 7 for evaporation through the water absorption body 5. Organic matters and inorganic matters in the domestic sewage are filtered out, and pure water vapor is generated. The water vapor passes through the transparent cover plate 8 and then meets the inner wall surface of the cold water collecting tank 1 to be condensed into purified water 2, and flows into the water collecting tank 1. During night, the device provided by the invention realizes the radiation refrigeration effect of the coating 7 on deep space, and the surface temperature of the coating 7 is reduced to about-8 ℃ and is lower than the dew point temperature of the atmosphere. At this time, water vapor in the atmosphere is condensed into dew on the surface of the coating 7 and flows into the sump 1 along the arc-shaped drainage plates 63. After 24 hours of continuous operation, the device of the invention realizes the collection of about 4.0g of purified water from domestic sewage and the atmosphere, which is equivalent to the collection of about 2.0. 2.0 kg of purified water per square meter per day, and the efficiency is improved by about 15 percent compared with the prior art.
Claims (10)
1. A field passive portable water collecting device is characterized in that: comprises a water collecting tank (1), a water storage tank (3), a bracket (6) and a water absorbing body (5);
the water collecting tank (1) and the water storage tank (3) are cylindrical, and the water storage tank (3) is coaxially arranged in the water collecting tank (1); the diameter of the water reservoir (3) is smaller than that of the water collecting tank (1), and the height of the water reservoir (3) is smaller than that of the water collecting tank (1); a transparent cover plate (8) is covered on the top of the water collecting tank (1);
the support (6) is umbrella-shaped, a coating (7) is arranged on the top surface of the support umbrella surface (62), the support umbrella rod (61) is a support rod, the lower end of the support rod is fixedly arranged in the reservoir (3), and the support umbrella rod (61) is coaxial with the reservoir (3); the heat conductivity coefficient of the bracket (6) material is 0.01-0.5W m -1 ·K -1 ；
The coating (7) is a temperature self-adaptive film and comprises an aluminum layer (71), a silicon dioxide layer (72), a vanadium dioxide layer (73) and an aluminum oxide layer (74) from bottom to top in sequence;
the water absorption body (5) is umbrella-shaped, the umbrella surface of the water absorption body (5) is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the umbrella surface of the bracket (6), and the water absorption rod of the water absorption body (5) is positioned in the reservoir (3); the water absorbing body (5) is made of hydrophilic porous material;
the outdoor passive portable water collecting device adaptively switches solar photo-thermal in daytime and sky radiation refrigeration at night;
the coating (7) changes the spectral characteristics of the coating according to the change of the daytime temperature and the nighttime temperature so as to meet the requirements of high-efficiency solar photo-thermal in the daytime and radiation refrigeration at night; during daytime, water in the reservoir (3) is evaporated to obtain water vapor, and the water vapor is condensed and flows into the water collecting tank (1); at night, the water vapor in the atmosphere is condensed on the surface of the coating (7) and flows into the water collecting tank (1); the water yield in the whole day exceeds 2 kg.m -2 ·day -1 。
2. The outdoor passive portable water collection device of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the water reservoir (3) is at least one half of the diameter of the water collecting tank (1), and the height of the water reservoir (3) is smaller than the height of the water collecting tank (1) by at least 20cm.
3. The outdoor passive portable water collection device of claim 1, wherein: the material of the bracket (6) is one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and glass fiber.
4. The outdoor passive portable water collection device of claim 1, wherein: the outer circumference of the bracket umbrella surface (62) is an arc drainage plate (63) which is bent downwards.
5. The outdoor passive portable water collection device of claim 1, wherein: the coating (7) comprises an alumina layer, a vanadium dioxide layer, a silicon dioxide layer and a metal aluminum layer which are sequentially connected up and down.
6. The outdoor passive portable water collecting device according to claim 4, wherein: the thickness of the aluminum oxide layer is 40 nm-60 nm, the thickness of the vanadium dioxide layer is 180 nm-250 nm, the thickness of the silicon dioxide layer is more than 200 mu m, and the thickness of the metal aluminum layer is more than 100 nm.
7. The outdoor passive portable water collection device of claim 1, wherein: the water absorber (5) is made of one of plant fiber, sponge and hydrogenated cotton.
8. The outdoor passive portable water collection device of claim 1, wherein: the umbrella surface of the water absorbing body (5) has the thickness of 3-10 mm and the diameter of the water absorbing rod is 0.5-2 cm.
9. The outdoor passive portable water collection device of claim 1, wherein: the water collecting tank (1) is made of one of plastic, glass, ceramic, enamel and stainless steel.
10. The outdoor passive portable water collection device of claim 1, wherein: the material of the reservoir (3) is one of polyvinyl chloride plastic, glass, ceramic, enamel and stainless steel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311341697.4A CN117107861A (en) | 2023-10-17 | 2023-10-17 | Outdoor passive portable all-day water collecting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311341697.4A CN117107861A (en) | 2023-10-17 | 2023-10-17 | Outdoor passive portable all-day water collecting device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117107861A true CN117107861A (en) | 2023-11-24 |
Family
ID=88809338
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311341697.4A Pending CN117107861A (en) | 2023-10-17 | 2023-10-17 | Outdoor passive portable all-day water collecting device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117107861A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-10-17 CN CN202311341697.4A patent/CN117107861A/en active Pending
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