CN117102563A - Technological method for cutting key groove in push-pull manner - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a process method for pushing and pulling a key slot, which comprises the following steps: 1) According to the structure and the size of the spline and the key groove, manufacturing a push-cut cutter, 2) matching a guide part of the push-cut cutter with the small diameter of the spline, guiding the small diameter of the spline, and pushing the push-cut cutter by the force application of a push head to continuously and finely cut the tooth form until the complete tooth form is cut; 3) And shaping each key slot by adopting a slotting tool, so that each key slot reaches the design size. Compared with the existing machining method of adopting broaching and wire cutting and then welding with other parts through electron beams, the machining method has the advantages of convenience in operation and low production cost. In addition, the invention firstly adopts the degree of the pushing and slotting cutter to remove the allowance, and then uses the slotting cutter to cut and shape the key slot, thereby improving the processing precision of the internal spline and the internal key slot.

Description

Technological method for cutting key groove in push-pull manner

Technical Field

The invention relates to a process method for cutting key grooves in a push-pull manner.

Background

In the machining of mechanical parts, the machining of the internal spline and the internal key groove is generally realized by adopting broaching, linear cutting and slotting methods. However, some parts with special structures, such as blind holes and stepped holes, cannot be broached and wire cut, because the broach and wire cut process holes must be through holes.

The slotting is processed by a correction method, has correction errors, and has lower precision, and is generally lower than grade 7. Therefore, the blind hole high-precision internalization key with higher precision is generally formed by decomposing a part into a plurality of parts, and the spline with higher precision is processed by broaching and wire cutting and then is welded with other parts through an electron beam. The processing method has complex process and higher cost, and is generally not adopted as much as possible.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a push-pull key slot cutting process method which is simple in process, low in production cost and capable of improving the machining precision of the internal spline.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a push-pull key slot cutting process method comprises the following steps:

1) According to the structure and the size of the spline and the key groove, a push-cut cutter is manufactured, and comprises a guide part, a cutting part and a thrust head; the guide part is in a size which is in clearance fit with the small diameter of the spline, the cutting part comprises a cylinder coaxially connected with the guide part and slotting tools uniformly arranged on the side surface of the cylinder, the number of the slotting tools is consistent with that of the key grooves, and a single-side 0.2mm clearance is reserved between the section size of each slotting tool and the design size of each key groove; the rear end of the cylinder of the cutting part is coaxially connected with the thrust head;

2) The guiding part of the pushing and slotting cutter is matched with the small diameter of the spline, the small diameter of the spline is used for guiding, and the pushing and slotting cutter is pushed by the force applied by the pushing head to continuously and finely cut the tooth form until the complete tooth form is cut;

3) And shaping each key slot by adopting a slotting tool, so that each key slot reaches the design size.

In the above-mentioned push-pull key slot cutting process, in step 1), the precision of the push-pull cutting tool is not lower than 5 grades, the push-pull cutting tool is made of high-speed steel, and the hardness is greater than 65HRC.

In the push-pull key slot cutting process method, in the step 2), the guide part of the push-pull cutting tool is matched with the small diameter of the spline, and the fit clearance is smaller than 0.015mm.

In the above-mentioned push-pull cutting keyway technological method, in step 2), push insert cutting tool include push insert cutting tool force application mode of vertical pushing and horizontal pushing, while pushing vertically, connect the pressure head of the vertical hydraulic press and push head of push insert cutting tool coaxially, will wait to process the part to set up under push insert cutting tool, make push insert cutting tool and spline minor diameter coaxial;

when in horizontal pushing, the thrust head of the pushing slotting cutter is fixed on the axial tool rest slide plate of the lathe, so that the axis of the slotting cutter is parallel to the moving direction of the axial tool rest slide plate of the lathe; the part to be processed is fixed on the three-grab chuck, and the guide part of the push-and-insert cutting tool faces the part to be processed and is coaxial with the small diameter of the spline.

In the above-mentioned push-pull key slot cutting process, in step 1), a threaded hole is provided at the center of the end face of the guide portion of the push-pull cutting tool.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

compared with the existing machining method of adopting broaching and wire cutting and then welding with other parts through electron beams, the machining method has the advantages of convenience in operation and low production cost. In addition, the invention firstly adopts the degree of the pushing and slotting cutter to remove the allowance, and then uses the slotting cutter to cut and shape the key slot, thereby improving the processing precision of the internal spline and the internal key slot.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a part to be machined in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a B-B cross-sectional view in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a structural view of the push broaching tool according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural view of the stepped through hole spline processing.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention will be further described with reference to the processing of a stepped bore spline (as shown in figures 1 and 2). The processing method comprises the following steps:

1) And manufacturing the push-pull cutting tool according to the structures and the sizes of the spline and the key groove. The push-pull cutting tool comprises a guide part 1, a cutting part 2 and a push head part 3; the size of the guide part 1 is the size of clearance fit with the small diameter of the spline, the cutting part comprises a cylinder coaxially connected with the guide part and slotting tools uniformly arranged on the side surface of the cylinder, the number of the slotting tools is 4 in accordance with that of the key grooves, and the section size of each slotting tool has a single-side 0.2mm clearance with the design size of each key groove. The rear end of the cylinder of the cutting part 2 is coaxially connected with the thrust head 3; the thrust head 3 is used to connect a force application device.

The precision of the manufactured push-insert cutting tool is not lower than 5 grades, the push-insert cutting tool is made of high-speed steel, and the hardness is greater than 65HRC.

2) The guiding part of the push-pull cutting tool is matched with the small diameter of the spline, and the fit clearance is smaller than 0.015mm. And the spline small diameter is used as a guide, and the pushing and slotting cutter is pushed by the force applied by the pushing head to continuously and finely cut the tooth form until the complete tooth form is cut.

The pushing and slotting cutter comprises a vertical pushing and horizontal pushing force application mode, when the vertical pushing is carried out, a pressure head of the vertical hydraulic press is coaxially connected with a thrust head 3 of the pushing and slotting cutter, and a part to be processed is arranged right below the pushing and slotting cutter, so that the pushing and slotting cutter is coaxial with the small diameter of the spline;

when in horizontal pushing, the thrust head 3 of the pushing slotting cutter is fixed on the axial tool rest slide plate of the lathe, so that the axis of the slotting cutter is parallel to the moving direction of the axial tool rest slide plate of the lathe; the part to be processed is fixed on the three-grab chuck, and the guide part of the push-and-insert cutting tool faces the part to be processed and is coaxial with the small diameter of the spline.

3) And shaping each key slot by adopting a slotting tool, so that each key slot reaches the design size.

The center of the end face of the push-pull cutter guide part is provided with a threaded hole, and as shown in fig. 4, for processing the stepped through hole spline, the pull rod 5 is connected with the threaded hole. The spline is processed by pushing and pulling force, and the mode has better guiding and balanced stress.

Claims (5)

1. A push-pull key slot cutting process method comprises the following steps:

1) According to the structure and the size of the spline and the key groove, a push-cut cutter is manufactured, and comprises a guide part, a cutting part and a thrust head; the guide part is in a size which is in clearance fit with the small diameter of the spline, the cutting part comprises a cylinder coaxially connected with the guide part and slotting tools uniformly arranged on the side surface of the cylinder, the number of the slotting tools is consistent with that of the key grooves, and a single-side 0.2mm clearance is reserved between the section size of each slotting tool and the design size of each key groove; the rear end of the cylinder of the cutting part is coaxially connected with the thrust head;

2) The guiding part of the pushing and slotting cutter is matched with the small diameter of the spline, the small diameter of the spline is used for guiding, and the pushing and slotting cutter is pushed by the force applied by the pushing head to continuously and finely cut the tooth form until the complete tooth form is cut;

3) And shaping each key slot by adopting a slotting tool, so that each key slot reaches the design size.

2. The process for push-pull cutting of key grooves according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the precision of the push-pull cutting tool is not lower than 5 grades, the push-pull cutting tool is made of high-speed steel, and the hardness is greater than 65HRC.

3. The process for push-pull cutting of key ways according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the guide part of the push-pull cutting tool is matched with the small diameter of the spline, and the matching clearance is smaller than 0.015mm.

4. The process for pushing and cutting a key slot according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), pushing the push-pull cutting tool comprises two force application modes of vertical pushing and horizontal pushing, when the push-pull cutting tool is vertically pushed, a pressure head of a vertical oil press is coaxially connected with a thrust head of the push-pull cutting tool, and a part to be processed is arranged under the push-pull cutting tool, so that the push-pull cutting tool is coaxial with a spline minor diameter;

when in horizontal pushing, the thrust head of the pushing slotting cutter is fixed on the axial tool rest slide plate of the lathe, so that the axis of the slotting cutter is parallel to the moving direction of the axial tool rest slide plate of the lathe; the part to be processed is fixed on the three-grab chuck, and the guide part of the push-and-insert cutting tool faces the part to be processed and is coaxial with the small diameter of the spline.

5. The process for push-pull cutting of key slots according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), a threaded hole is formed in the center of the end face of the guide portion of the push-pull cutting tool.