CN117099920A - Crop treatment method and product thereof - Google Patents
Crop treatment method and product thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117099920A CN117099920A CN202210529227.XA CN202210529227A CN117099920A CN 117099920 A CN117099920 A CN 117099920A CN 202210529227 A CN202210529227 A CN 202210529227A CN 117099920 A CN117099920 A CN 117099920A
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- yam
- treatment
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- mode
- water
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- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000004879 dioscorea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000001591 Pachyrhizus erosus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000018669 Pachyrhizus tuberosus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000234272 Dioscoreaceae Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000038559 crop plants Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000208292 Solanaceae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000005717 Dioscorea alata Species 0.000 claims 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
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- 240000001811 Dioscorea oppositifolia Species 0.000 description 4
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- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001212 derivatisation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- LOTKRQAVGJMPNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 LOTKRQAVGJMPNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000005903 Dioscorea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000000504 Dioscorea villosa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 210000001099 axilla Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000011299 Brassica oleracea var botrytis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003259 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000005783 Lathyrus sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010671 Lathyrus sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000233 Melia azedarach Species 0.000 description 1
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940040526 anhydrous sodium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000009609 fructus phyllanthi Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L19/03—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof consisting of whole pieces or fragments without mashing the original pieces
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L19/10—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops
- A23L19/12—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops of potatoes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L25/00—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L25/20—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof consisting of whole seeds or seed fragments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/62—Nymphaeaceae (Water-lily family)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/81—Solanaceae (Potato family), e.g. tobacco, nightshade, tomato, belladonna, capsicum or jimsonweed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
- A61K36/894—Dioscoreaceae (Yam family)
- A61K36/8945—Dioscorea, e.g. yam, Chinese yam or water yam
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N24/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects
- G01N24/08—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using nuclear magnetic resonance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
- G01N30/06—Preparation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/62—Detectors specially adapted therefor
- G01N30/74—Optical detectors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/17—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving drying, e.g. sun-drying or wilting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
- G01N30/06—Preparation
- G01N2030/067—Preparation by reaction, e.g. derivatising the sample
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a method for treating crops, which belongs to the field of crop processing and treatment. The method can be used for improving the added value or medicinal value of the effective parts of crops.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of crop processing and treatment, and particularly relates to a crop processing method and a crop product.
Background
Dioscorea (Dioscorea polystachya Turczaninow) is a plant of Dioscorea of Dioscoreaceae, and is entangled with grass vine. The tuber of yam is also called "yam" and is rich in starch and can be eaten by vegetables. Chinese yam can also be used as a medicine, and has sweet, warm and flat nature, no toxicity, mainly treats injuries, supplements deficiency and deficiency, eliminates cold and heat evil, supplements middle-jiao, benefits qi, grows muscles and strengthens yin. The bulbil between the axilla of the yam is a bulbil, is kidney-shaped or oval-shaped, has different long circles, is also called as 'yam egg', 'yam seed', 'yam bean' in folk, and the like, and is distributed in North China, northwest China, eastern China and China. The fructus phyllanthi has the effects of improving intelligence, tranquilizing, prolonging life, strengthening body constitution, nourishing lung, nourishing yin, invigorating spleen, replenishing kidney essence, relieving cough and asthma.
Although it is thought that the yam and yam beans contain dopamine, hydrochloric acid, yam glycoside and other substances which can be used for reducing blood sugar, blood pressure or other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, clinically, the crop has no obvious effect on improving or treating disease symptoms, and the reason is probably that the content of the active ingredients is lower than the whole quality of the crop, and the yam and yam beans also contain higher starch, which can be converted into polysaccharide and glucose after metabolism, so that the blood sugar is increased.
Solanaceae and Nelumbo nucifera are also common crops, and tubers such as potato or lotus root are rich in starch, and can be metabolized into polysaccharide and glucose after being eaten in a large amount, so that the blood sugar concentration is affected.
Therefore, development is needed to increase the content of beneficial components in crops to improve the edible and medicinal values of crops and the nutritional and health care values of foods.
In addition, at present, the yam beans are mainly used as yam bean sugarcoated haws or are sold directly in a small amount in the supermarket, but due to low added value of products, a large amount of yam beans are directly discarded as waste. The effective storage of agricultural products such as potatoes, lotus roots, yams and the like is also related to national folk life. Therefore, the development of a simple method capable of improving the added value of agricultural products is also helpful to increase the income of farmers and the commercial value of crops.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present application provides a method for treating a crop, comprising treating an effective part of the crop by at least one of the following modes (1) to (5):
mode (1): sun drying;
mode (2): drying;
mode (3): placing in a vacuum environment;
mode (4): placed in CO 2 An atmosphere;
mode (5): placing in water.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the crop plant may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Dioscoreaceae plants, solanaceae plants, nelumbo nucifera plants.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the yam family plant may be selected from yam.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the effective part of the crop may be selected from tubers (e.g., yam, potato, lotus root), bulbils (e.g., yam beans) between axilla, or a mixture thereof. Preferably, the effective part of the yam family plant at least comprises yam beans.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the effective parts of the crop plants may be cleaned before the treatment in at least one of the above-described modes (1) to (5).
According to an embodiment of the present application, the effective part of the crop plant may be cut, for example, into a block, a sheet, a strip, a granule, a sphere or other shape, before being treated in at least one of the above-described modes (1) to (5). Preferably, when the above-described mode (1) or (2) is adopted, the effective part of the crop is cut, for example, into a block, a sheet, a strip, a granule, a sphere or other shape. More preferably, the effective parts of the crops are cleaned and then cut.
According to an embodiment of the present application, when the treatment is performed in the above-described manner (2), the temperature of the drying is higher than 30 ℃, for example, 35 ℃ to 90 ℃, such as 40 ℃ to 80 ℃, and examples thereof may be 40 ℃, 45 ℃, 50 ℃, 55 ℃, 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, or 80 ℃.
According to an embodiment of the present application, when the treatment is performed in the above-described manner (1), (3), (4) or (5), the temperature of the treatment may be 10 to 35 ℃, for example, 15 to 30 ℃, and examples thereof may be 20 ℃, 25 ℃ or 30 ℃.
According to an embodiment of the present application, when the treatment is performed in the above-described manner (1) or (2), the treatment may be performed under an air atmosphere.
According to an embodiment of the present application, when the treatment is performed in the above-described manner (3), the vacuum atmosphere means an air pressure of between-0.03 MPa and-0.09 MPa.
According to an embodiment of the present application, when the treatment is performed in the above-described manner (3), (4) or (5), the treatment time may be 2 hours or more, for example, 3 to 120 hours, such as 3 to 72 hours, and examples thereof may be 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68 or 72 hours.
According to an embodiment of the present application, when the treatment is performed in the above-described manner (5), the effective parts of the crop plants are preferably immersed in water. Preferably, the water in the mode (5) is exchangeable to prevent deterioration of the water.
According to an embodiment of the present application, when at least one of the above-described modes (1) to (5) is adopted for treatment, the effective fraction of the resulting treated crop can be ripened. For example, the curing method may be selected from common cooking methods such as steaming, baking, boiling, frying, and the like. As an example, the curing method may be implemented by a microwave method, such as by a household microwave oven.
The present application also provides an effective fraction of the treated crop obtained by treating at least one of the above-mentioned modes (1) to (5).
Advantageous effects
The inventors have unexpectedly found that the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content in the effective parts of the treated crops is significantly improved by the method of the application without damaging the appearance and the fresh quality of the food materials. Therefore, the method of the application can be used for improving the added value or medicinal value of the effective parts of crops.
Drawings
FIG. 1 various methods of treating yam beans 1 H NMR chart a: untreated (directly steamed and dried); b: drying; c: sun drying; d: soaking in water; e: vacuum; f: nitrogen gas; g: carbon dioxide.
FIG. 2 various methods for treating yam 1 H NMR chart a: untreated (directly steamed and dried); b: drying; c: soaking in water; d: vacuum; e: nitrogen gas; f: carbon dioxide.
FIG. 3 various methods of treating potatoes 1 H NMR chart a: untreated (directly steamed and dried); b: drying; c: soaking in water; d: carbon dioxide.
FIG. 4 various methods of treating Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn 1 H NMR chart a: untreated (directly steamed and dried); b: drying; c: soaking in water; d: carbon dioxide.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the application will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the following examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. All techniques implemented based on the above description of the application are intended to be included within the scope of the application.
Unless otherwise indicated, the starting materials and reagents in the examples below are commercially available. Wherein:
the yam beans and yams are purchased from the county of the planting land temperature.
The application adopts the following liquid chromatography to test the content of gamma-aminobutyric acid in crops:
1. reagent:
1. balance buffer solution (pH 7.0) 3.4g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are weighed, 145.5mL of 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution are added, diluted to 500mL with water, mixed well, filtered off with suction and stored in a brown bottle.
2. 1g of FDNB (2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene) is weighed, dissolved and diluted to 100mL by acetonitrile, and evenly mixed.
3. Derivatization buffer (pH 9.0) 21.0g sodium bicarbonate was weighed into 470mL water and filtered, and 30mL acetonitrile was added into a 500mL reagent bottle.
4. The mobile phase (0.05 mol/L) is prepared by weighing 4.1g of anhydrous sodium acetate, adding 100mL of N, N-dimethylformamide to a 1000mL volumetric flask, and adjusting the pH to 6.4 with 20% glacial acetic acid for later use.
2. Sample processing
1. Extracting: weighing 3.5g of a sample to be detected, adding the sample into a 50mL volumetric flask, adding 40mL of an extracting solution (ethanol solution: water=4:1, v/v), performing ultrasonic extraction at room temperature for 30min, fixing the volume of the extracting solution to 50mL, shaking uniformly, standing for 5min, and filtering.
2. And (3) derivatization: respectively and accurately transferring sample solution (the filtered solution) and gamma-aminobutyric acid standard solution into small test tubes, pumping, accurately adding 20 mu L of derivative buffer solution, uniformly mixing with a rapid mixer, adding 20 mu L of derivative reagent, uniformly mixing, sealing with a sealing film, placing into an electrothermal blowing drying oven, derivatizing at 60deg.C for 30min, taking out, cooling to room temperature, adding 160 mu L of balance buffer solution, and uniformly mixing.
3. Standard curve: gamma-aminobutyric acid standard 20mg is weighed into a 100mL volumetric flask, dissolved with 40mL of 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution and scaled to volume. A series of standard solutions are prepared by dilution with water, and derivatization is performed simultaneously with the sample solutions.
3. On-machine measurement
1. Instrument model: hua Zhu S6000
2. Chromatographic column model: c-18 column-250 mm (YMC)
3. Mobile phase is A-0.05mol/L sodium acetate solution; b-acetonitrile, water=1:1 (v/v). The elution gradient is shown in the following table:
| sequence number | Time (min) | A％ | B％ |
| 1 | 0.0 | 84.0 | 16.0 |
| 2 | 0.3 | 84.0 | 16.0 |
| 3 | 4.0 | 69.0 | 31.0 |
| 4 | 9.5 | 64.0 | 36.0 |
| 5 | 17.0 | 45.0 | 55.0 |
| 6 | 28.0 | 40.0 | 60.0 |
| 7 | 34.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 |
| 8 | 38.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 |
| 9 | 39.0 | 84.0 | 16.0 |
| 10 | 46.0 | 84.0 | 16.0 |
4. Flow rate 1.20mL/min
5. Column temperature 25 DEG C
6. Detection wavelength of 360nm
7. The sample injection amount is 10 mu L.
Example 1: preparation of sample 1
And (3) cleaning: cleaning the collected yam beans with water;
the processing steps are as follows: cutting the cleaned yam beans into slices with the thickness of 2-4mm, and drying the slices in an oven at 50 ℃ for 12 hours until the weight is unchanged.
Example 2: preparation of sample 2
The processing steps are as follows: cutting the cleaned yam beans into slices with the thickness of 2-4mm, and airing the slices in sunlight until the weight is unchanged (about 36 hours).
Example 3: preparation of sample 3
The processing steps are as follows: placing the collected rhizoma Dioscoreae beans in a container, vacuumizing to-0.08 Mpa, and maintaining vacuum for 72 hr.
Example 4: preparation of sample 4
The processing steps are as follows: placing the collected yam beans in a closed container, replacing air in the container with nitrogen for 3 times, and then sealing and placing for 72 hours.
Example 5: preparation of sample 5
The processing steps are as follows: placing the collected rhizoma Dioscoreae bean in a container, adding clear water to submerge the rhizoma Dioscoreae bean, standing for 72 hr, and changing water in the middle to prevent deterioration.
Example 6: preparation of sample 6
The processing steps are as follows: placing the collected yam beans in a closed container, and adding carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) After 3 times of air replacement in the container, the container was hermetically placed for 72 hours.
EXAMPLE 7 preparation of yam samples
And sequentially treating the Chinese yam according to the method of the embodiment to obtain dried, vacuum, nitrogen, water and carbon dioxide treated Chinese yam samples respectively.
Example 8: detection of gamma-aminobutyric acid in treated yam and yam beans
The untreated yam bean raw material, the yam raw material and the samples treated in examples 1 to 7 were steamed and dried, and the gamma-aminobutyric acid content was detected by a quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum method, and the results are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
From the above results, it can be seen that the drying and sun-drying can effectively increase the GABA content in the yam beans, and at the same time, the carbon dioxide, water and vacuum can also effectively increase the GABA content in both the yam and the yam, but the vacuum only slightly increases the GABA content, but the nitrogen state cannot increase the GABA content. Description of CO 2 The atmosphere, water immersion and vacuum can effectively increase GABA content, especially CO content, without changing the appearance of rhizoma Dioscoreae and rhizoma Dioscoreae bean 2 The method is more suitable for products with smaller volume, such as yam beans, which are unsuitable for slicing and drying, in particular to atmosphere and water immersion. The GABA content of rhizoma Dioscoreae treated by the same method is higher than that of rhizoma Dioscoreae bean.
Example 9 preparation of Lian Cauliflower sample
Dried, water and carbon dioxide treated lotus seed (lotus root) samples were prepared according to the methods of examples 1, 5 and 6, respectively.
Example 10 preparation of potato samples
Dried, water and carbon dioxide treated potato samples were prepared in the same manner as in examples 1, 5 and 6, respectively.
EXAMPLE 11 detection of gamma-aminobutyric acid in treated potatoes and Nelumbo nucifera
The untreated potato material, lotus seed material and samples treated in examples 9 and 10 were steamed and dried, and the gamma-aminobutyric acid content was measured by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrometry, and the results are shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2
From the results, the GABA content in lotus and potato can be obviously improved by the treatment of drying, water and carbon dioxide.
The foregoing describes exemplary embodiments of the application. It should be appreciated that the scope of the present application is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described above. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for treating a crop, comprising treating an effective part of a yam-like plant by at least one of the following modes (1) to (5):
mode (1): sun drying;
mode (2): drying;
mode (3): placing in a vacuum environment;
mode (4): placed in CO 2 An atmosphere;
mode (5): placing in water.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the crop plant is at least one selected from the group consisting of Dioscoreaceae plants, solanaceae plants, nelumbo nucifera plants; preferably, the yam family plant is selected from yam.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the crop effective fraction is selected from tubers (e.g. yam, potato, lotus root), axillary bulbils (e.g. yam beans) or mixtures thereof.
4. A method according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that when the treatment is carried out in the above-mentioned manner (2), the temperature of the drying is higher than 30 ℃, for example 35 ℃ to 90 ℃, such as 40 ℃ to 80 ℃.
5. The method according to any of claims 1-4, wherein when the treatment is carried out in the above manner (1), (3), (4) or (5), the temperature of the treatment is 10 to 35 ℃, such as 15 to 30 ℃.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein when the treatment is performed in the above-mentioned manner (3), the vacuum atmosphere means an air pressure of between-0.03 Mpa and-0.09 Mpa.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein when the treatment is performed in the above manner (3), (4) or (5), the treatment time is 2 hours or more, for example, 3 to 120 hours, for example, 3 to 72 hours.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the crop plant is submerged in water when treated in the above manner (5).
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the resulting treated crop effective fraction is ripened after treatment in at least one of the above modes (1) to (5).
10. An effective fraction of the treated crop obtained after treatment by the method of any one of claims 1-9.
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