CN117088682A - Preparation method of low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive - Google Patents
Preparation method of low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive Download PDFInfo
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- CN117088682A CN117088682A CN202311103700.9A CN202311103700A CN117088682A CN 117088682 A CN117088682 A CN 117088682A CN 202311103700 A CN202311103700 A CN 202311103700A CN 117088682 A CN117088682 A CN 117088682A
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000009766 low-temperature sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- CAWXEEYDBZRFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexazinone Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(N(C)C)=NC(=O)N1C1CCCCC1 CAWXEEYDBZRFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/624—Sol-gel processing
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1409—Abrasive particles per se
- C09K3/1418—Abrasive particles per se obtained by division of a mass agglomerated by sintering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1436—Composite particles, e.g. coated particles
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3232—Titanium oxides or titanates, e.g. rutile or anatase
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3262—Manganese oxides, manganates, rhenium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. MnO
- C04B2235/3267—MnO2
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- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/327—Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of alumina ceramic abrasive materials, and discloses a preparation method of a low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive material, which comprises the following steps: (1) Preparing an acid-base solution, forming alumina seed crystals by using the solution and matching with an alumina ore body, (2) evaporating and dehydrating sol to form gel, and forming alumina powder by low-temperature calcination, wherein the preparation method of the low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive comprises the steps of calcining aluminum hydroxide in a calcining furnace at 1130-1320 ℃ for 23-44 min to obtain alumina, mixing and calcining the alumina by using an additive, calcining the alumina at 850-970 ℃ for 3h-4 by using an additive with equal ratio, performing low-temperature sintering on the dried alumina powder and matching with a sintering aid, performing ball milling on the alumina powder coarse material by using a lattice type ball mill to form alumina particles, and screening the alumina particles to obtain the alumina abrasive, thereby avoiding consumption of a large amount of electric power by adopting an electric melting process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alumina ceramic abrasive materials, in particular to a preparation method of a low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive material.
Background
Alumina ceramic abrasive is an industrial ceramic with high hardness, which is prepared by carrying out chemical treatment on bauxite raw materials to remove oxides of silicon, iron, titanium and the like, is an alumina raw material with high purity, generally has the Al2O3 content of over 99 percent, is widely used in mechanical aspects, electronic and electric power, chemical industries, medical science, building sanitary ceramics and the like, is the most common advanced precision ceramic material, is also a relatively traditional material, is widely used in various industries as an excellent ceramic material, has excellent performances in the aspects of electric insulation, high thermal conductivity, high chemical resistance, good wear resistance and low thermal expansion, is one of the most widely used materials in the advanced ceramics, and shows the trend of rapidly improving the technical equipment level, continuously improving the product quality, gradually increasing the industrial scale from small to large and the product quality from low to high, has wider and wider application range, and is also more and more large in particular, the wear resistance and the building ceramic production can be more remarkably increased.
The hardness of the alumina ceramic abrasive reaches more than 9 levels, the alumina ceramic abrasive is harder and more durable than that of common steel materials, meanwhile, the alumina ceramic abrasive also has higher strength and toughness, is not easy to fracture and crack, the alumina ceramic abrasive in China is generally manufactured by adopting the traditional electric melting process, and alumina crystals are formed by melting bauxite at high temperature through arc discharge, and the alumina abrasive is prepared by multistage crushing and screening.
The temperature of the alumina ceramic abrasive material manufactured by adopting the electric melting process in the production process needs to exceed 2300 ℃, the environmental requirement is very severe, the high-temperature alumina ceramic abrasive material is crushed and screened, the working environment is very severe, and the consumed electric power is also needed, so that the cost is not favorably saved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive material, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the preparation method of the low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive comprises the following steps:
(1) The alumina crystal is prepared by using acid-base solution, and trace elements are easily and uniformly and quantitatively doped in a solution reaction step to realize uniform doping on a molecular level, so that uniformity on the molecular level can be obtained in a short time, and reactants are uniformly mixed on the molecular level when gel is formed;
(2) Evaporating and dehydrating the solution to form gel, and calcining at low temperature to form alumina powder;
(3) Grinding aluminum oxide to form aluminum oxide powder;
(4) The additive is adopted to sinter the alumina to form a solid solution, and in the sintering process, the additive and the alumina form the solid solution, and in the production practice, the low combustion technology is often combined with each other to obtain the best comprehensive economic benefit;
(5) Grinding and drying the alumina solid to obtain alumina powder, wherein various lattice defects can appear on the surface and inside of the powder in the preparation process of the powder, so that lattices are activated, the activation of the lattices is promoted, and the sintering performance of a matrix is improved;
(6) The sintering aid is used for carrying out low-temperature sintering on the alumina powder to obtain alumina coarse material, particle diffusion or interface movement is promoted in the sintering process, so that the lattice activation is promoted, the sintering performance of a matrix is improved, when the sintering temperature reaches the melting point or the co-dissolution temperature of the additive, the liquid phase starts to appear, the migration and diffusion of particles in a sintered body are promoted, the sintering performance of alumina ceramic is improved, and the sintering aid is one of the best technologies for reducing the sintering temperature of the alumina ceramic due to simple operation, low cost and high efficiency;
(7) The method comprises the steps of ball milling and crushing of coarse alumina materials to obtain crushed alumina materials, crushing of coarse alumina materials by using a grid ball mill, impact crushing of steel balls in the ball mill, certain grinding effect, grading of the steel balls according to the size of required ball milling particles, and embedding of wear-resistant lining plates in a cylinder body of the grid ball mill, so that the wear-resistant ball mill has good wear resistance. The grid ball mill runs stably and works reliably;
(8) The method is characterized in that the crushed aluminum oxide materials are screened and graded to obtain aluminum oxide ceramic abrasive materials, the high-quality aluminum oxide ceramic abrasive materials can be screened out through screening the crushed aluminum oxide materials, the screening machine model is a DZSF525 linear vibration screening machine, the screening fineness can reach 400 meshes, the materials of the screening machine are common steel, stainless steel, full stainless steel and the like, the number of the screening machine layers is generally 1-6, 2-7 grades of materials can be screened at the same time, and the screened materials are discharged according to the grades respectively, so that the method is suitable for 24-hour production line operation.
Preferably, the acid-base solution preparation comprises the following steps:
A. preparing hydrochloric acid solution, and controlling the PH value of the hydrochloric acid solution to be 3.5-4.3;
B. preparing an organic gel solution, adding the organic gel solution into a hydrochloric acid solution in batches, mixing the organic gel solution and the hydrochloric acid solution, uniformly stirring while mixing, controlling the pH value of the solution to be 7-9, soaking an alumina ore body with an acid-base solution for 3 hours, and separating the alumina ore body from an alumina crystal, so that the alumina crystal is obtained, a large amount of electricity consumption caused by adopting an electric melting process is avoided, and the cost is saved;
C. soaking, filtering and drying the aluminum oxide ore body by the solution to obtain aluminum hydroxide, filtering the ore body and crystals in the solvent, and drying the aluminum oxide crystals by setting a drying box to 80 ℃ to obtain the aluminum hydroxide;
D. aluminum hydroxide is calcined at 1130-1320 ℃ for 23-44 min to obtain aluminum oxide, the temperature inside the calciner is controlled to prevent the aluminum hydroxide from forming aluminum oxide after being calcined, the forging time is greatly shortened, and the working efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the aluminum oxide is ball-milled and crushed by a grid ball mill to form aluminum oxide powder, the grid ball mill is provided with a feeding part, a discharging part, a rotating part and a transmission part, and meanwhile, the aluminum oxide powder has good wear resistance, the grid ball mill runs stably and works reliably, and the production yield of the aluminum oxide ceramic abrasive is greatly improved.
Preferably, the additive comprises calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and a silicon dioxide reagent, the calcium carbonate, the magnesium carbonate and the silicon dioxide reagent are proportioned according to the mol ratio of 1.7:1.5:2.5, and the aluminum oxide is calcined for 3h-4h at 850-970 ℃ by the additive in equal ratio.
Preferably, the alumina crystal is dried at 60 ℃ for 2 hours, and the alumina crystal is dried.
Preferably, the sintering aid comprises MnO2, tiO2 and Fe2O3, the MnO2, tiO2 and Fe2O3 are mixed according to the equal ratio of 1:1:2, the sintering aid and alumina powder are mixed, the mixed sintering aid and alumina powder are calcined for 5-8 hours at 1300-1470 ℃ to form alumina coarse materials, the uniformly mixed sintering agent is based on a low-temperature sintering theory and a mineral crystallization theory, and the catalysis technology is utilized to strengthen sintering to obtain reasonable sintered mineral composition and mineral phase structure, so that the sintering aid is a professional front-end technology for promoting the iron and coke increase of a blast furnace, and is one of the best technologies for reducing the sintering temperature of alumina ceramics due to simple operation, low cost and high efficiency.
Preferably, the coarse alumina material is ball milled for 30min by using a lattice ball mill to form alumina crushed aggregates, the diameter of the crushed aggregates is controlled to be between 1mm and 2mm, and the lattice ball mill is a key device for crushing materials after the materials are crushed. The ball mill is widely applied to cement, silicate products, novel building materials, refractory materials, chemical fertilizers, black and nonferrous metal mineral processing, glass ceramics and other production industries, and carries out dry or wet grinding on various ores and other grindability materials.
Preferably, the alumina crushed aggregates are screened through a screening machine, the alumina crushed aggregates with the crushed aggregates diameter of 1.3mm are screened to obtain alumina abrasive materials, the screening machine utilizes the size difference of materials, the quality is different, the liquid sedimentation speed is different, tiny materials are deposited to the bottom of a groove, the classifying screen utilizes spiral upward pushing materials out, then mechanical screening equipment is carried out, materials in a mill can be filtered out according to the grade, finally, the larger materials are screwed into a feed inlet of the mill through a spiral sheet, the filtered tiny materials overflow from an overflow pipe, and the production efficiency of the oxidized abrasive materials is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the preparation method of the low-temperature sintering alumina ceramic abrasive comprises the steps of calcining aluminum hydroxide in a calcining furnace at 1130-1320 ℃ for 23-44 min to obtain alumina, ball milling and crushing the alumina by a grid ball mill to form alumina powder, mixing and calcining the alumina by an additive, calcining the alumina at 850-970 ℃ for 3h-4 by an additive with equal ratio, sintering the dried alumina powder at low temperature by a sintering aid, ball milling coarse alumina powder by a grid ball mill to form alumina crushed aggregates, and screening the alumina crushed aggregates to obtain the alumina abrasive, so that the consumption of a large amount of electric power by an electric melting process is avoided.
2. The preparation method of the low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive comprises the steps of preparing hydrochloric acid solution, controlling the PH value of the hydrochloric acid solution to be 3.5-4.3, preparing organic gum solution, adding the organic gum solution into the hydrochloric acid solution in batches, mixing the organic gum solution with the hydrochloric acid solution, uniformly stirring while mixing, fully fusing the organic gum solution with the hydrochloric acid solution, controlling the PH value of the solution to be 7-9, soaking an acid-base solution for 3 hours, separating an alumina ore body from the alumina crystal, and thus obtaining the alumina crystal, and greatly saving electric power resources and cost.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: the preparation method of the low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing an acid-base solution, forming alumina seed crystals by utilizing the solution to match with an alumina ore body, mixing an acid salt solution containing different metal ions with an organic gel to form a solution, evaporating and dehydrating the sol to form gel, calcining at a low temperature to form powder, and uniformly mixing reactants at a molecular level when forming the gel;
(2) Evaporating and dehydrating the solution to form gel, calcining at low temperature to form alumina powder, soaking the alumina ore body for 3 hours by using an acid-base solution, and separating the alumina ore body from alumina crystals to obtain alumina crystals;
(3) Grinding the alumina to form alumina powder, wherein the powdered alumina is helpful to form solid and liquid;
(4) The method has the advantages that the additive is adopted to sinter the aluminum oxide to form a solid solution, the additive can form a solid solution with the aluminum oxide in the sintering process, in the production practice, in order to obtain the best comprehensive economic benefit, the low-combustion technology is often combined with each other for use, and compared with other methods, the method for adding the auxiliary combustion additive has the characteristics of low cost, good effect and simple and practical process;
(5) Grinding and drying the alumina solid to obtain alumina powder, adjusting the temperature in a drying box to 60 ℃, and drying the alumina powder for 2 hours, wherein various lattice defects appear on the surface and the inside of the powder in the preparation process of the powder, so that lattices are activated, the activation of the lattices is promoted, and the sintering performance of a matrix is improved;
(6) The sintering aid is used for carrying out low-temperature sintering on the alumina powder to obtain alumina coarse material, and when the sintering temperature reaches the melting point or the co-dissolution temperature of the sintering aid, a liquid phase starts to appear, so that migration and diffusion of particles in a sintered body are promoted, and the sintering performance of alumina ceramic is improved;
(7) Ball milling and crushing are carried out on the coarse alumina material to obtain crushed alumina material, the main function of the steel balls in the ball mill is to impact and crush the material, and a certain grinding function is also achieved, the steel balls can be graded according to the size of the required ball milling particles, and the particle sizes of crushed steel balls with different diameters are selected to be different;
(8) The method is characterized in that the aluminum oxide crushed aggregates are screened and graded, the relative motion of the granular materials and the screening surface is utilized, the type of the screening machine is DZSF525 linear vibration screening machine, the screening fineness of the linear vibration screening machine can reach 400 meshes, part of particles can penetrate through the screening holes, 2-7 grades of materials can be screened simultaneously, the screened aluminum oxide is discharged according to the grades, the screening efficiency of the aluminum oxide particles is improved, and the aluminum oxide ceramic abrasive can be obtained after screening.
The preparation method of the low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive comprises the following steps: preparing hydrochloric acid solution, controlling the PH value of the hydrochloric acid solution to be 3.5-4.3, preparing organic gum solution, adding the organic gum solution into the hydrochloric acid solution in batches, mixing the organic gum solution and the hydrochloric acid solution, uniformly stirring the mixture to ensure that the organic gum solution and the hydrochloric acid solution are fully fused, controlling the PH value of the solution to be 7-9, soaking an alumina ore body in an acid-alkali solution for 3 hours, separating the alumina ore body from the alumina crystal, filtering the ore body and the crystal in a solvent, adjusting the temperature in a drying box to 80 ℃, drying the filtered alumina crystal at 60 ℃ for 2 hours in the drying box, thus obtaining alumina crystal, calcining the aluminum hydroxide crystal in a calcining furnace at 1130-1320 ℃ for 23-44 minutes, meanwhile, the temperature inside the calciner is controlled, the excessive high or low temperature is prevented, alumina is obtained, the calcination time is greatly shortened, the working efficiency is improved, the calcined alumina can form a cake shape, the cake-shaped alumina is ball-milled and crushed through a grid type ball mill to form alumina powder, the grid type ball mill is provided with a feeding part, a discharging part, a rotating part and a transmission part, meanwhile, the high-wear-resistance ceramic ball mill has good wear resistance, the grid type ball mill is stable in operation and reliable in work, the production yield of alumina ceramic abrasive is greatly improved, the alumina powder and an additive are mixed and calcined, the additive comprises calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and a silicon dioxide reagent, and the calcium carbonate, the magnesium carbonate and the silicon dioxide reagent are mixed and calcined according to a mole ratio of 1.7:1.5:2.5 proportioning, calcining aluminum oxide at 850-970 ℃ for 3-4 h through an equal ratio of additive, carrying out low-temperature sintering on the dried aluminum oxide powder matched with a sintering aid, wherein the sintering aid mainly comprises MnO2, tiO2 and Fe2O3, mixing the MnO2, tiO2 and Fe2O3 according to the equal ratio of 1:1:2, mixing the sintering aid with the aluminum oxide powder, calcining the mixed sintering aid and the aluminum oxide powder at 1300-1470 ℃ for 5-8 h to form an aluminum oxide coarse material, forming a solid solution with the aluminum oxide, having a lattice constant similar to that of aluminum oxide, forming different types of solid solutions with the aluminum oxide, carrying out ball milling on the aluminum oxide coarse material by using a lattice type ball mill for 30min to form aluminum oxide crushed aggregates, controlling the diameters of the crushed aggregates to be between 1mm and 2mm, enabling the lattice type ball mill to be a horizontal cylindrical rotating device, carrying out external gear transmission, the two bins, the lattice ball mill material is fed into the first bin of the mill via feeding hollow shaft, steel balls of different sizes are installed inside the first bin, the steel balls are dropped after being rotated to certain height, the heavy impact and grinding effect is produced to the material, the lattice ball mill consists of feeding part, discharging part, rotating part, driving part (speed reducer, small driving gear, motor, electric control) and other main parts, the hollow shaft adopts cast steel, the lining is detachable, the rotating large gear adopts cast hobbing, the barrel is embedded with wear-resisting lining plate, the wear-resisting lining plate has good wear resistance, the lattice ball mill runs steadily and works reliably, thus ensuring the ball milling effect of alumina coarse material, sieving the alumina crushed aggregates through sieving machine, sieving the alumina crushed aggregates with particle diameter of 1.3mm, the linear vibration screening machine with the model of DZSF525 utilizes the size difference of materials, different masses and different liquid sedimentation speeds, and the number of layers of the screen cloth of the linear vibration screening machine is generally 1-6, 2-7 grades of materials can be screened simultaneously, so that the working efficiency is greatly improved, the alumina crushed aggregates are screened by the linear vibration screening machine, a large amount of electricity is avoided by adopting an electric melting process, the cost is saved, and meanwhile, the environment is not required to be subjected to high-temperature working at 2500 ℃.
The foregoing invention has been generally described in great detail, but it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, it is intended to cover modifications or improvements within the spirit of the inventive concepts.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing an acid-base solution, and forming alumina crystals by matching the solution with an alumina ore body;
(2) Evaporating and dehydrating the sol to form gel, and calcining at low temperature to form alumina powder;
(3) Grinding aluminum oxide to form aluminum oxide powder;
(4) Sintering aluminum oxide by adopting an additive to form a solid solution;
(5) Grinding and drying the alumina solid to obtain alumina powder;
(6) Sintering the alumina powder at a low temperature through a sintering aid to obtain alumina coarse material;
(7) Ball milling and crushing the alumina coarse material to obtain alumina crushed aggregates;
(8) And (3) screening and grading the alumina crushed aggregates to obtain the alumina ceramic abrasive.
2. The method for preparing the low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation of the acid-base solution comprises the following steps:
A. preparing hydrochloric acid solution, and controlling the PH value of the hydrochloric acid solution to be 3.5-4.3;
B. preparing an organic gel solution, mixing the organic gel solution with a hydrochloric acid solution, and controlling the pH value of the solution to be 7-9;
C. soaking, filtering and drying the alumina ore body by the solution to obtain aluminum hydroxide;
D. calcining aluminum hydroxide at 1130-1320 ℃ for 23-44 min to obtain aluminum oxide.
3. The method for preparing the low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the alumina is subjected to ball milling and crushing by a grid type ball mill to form alumina powder.
4. The method for preparing the low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the additive comprises calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and a silicon dioxide reagent, wherein the calcium carbonate, the magnesium carbonate and the silicon dioxide reagent are proportioned according to the mol ratio of 1.7:1.5:2.5, and the alumina is calcined for 3h-4h at 850-970 ℃ by the additive in equal ratio.
5. The method for preparing the low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and drying the alumina crystal at 60 ℃ for 2 hours.
6. The method for preparing the low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the sintering aid comprises MnO2, tiO2 and Fe2O3, wherein the MnO2, tiO2 and Fe2O3 are mixed according to the equal ratio of 1:1:2, the sintering aid is mixed with alumina powder, and the mixed sintering aid and alumina powder are calcined for 5 h-8 h at 1300-1470 ℃ to form alumina coarse material.
7. The method for preparing the low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive according to claim 6, wherein: and ball milling the alumina coarse material for 30min by using a grid type ball mill to form alumina crushed aggregates, wherein the diameter of the crushed aggregates is controlled to be 1-2 mm.
8. The method for preparing the low-temperature sintered alumina ceramic abrasive according to claim 7, wherein: and (3) screening the alumina crushed aggregates by a screening machine, and screening the alumina crushed aggregates with the crushed aggregates diameter of 1.3mm to obtain alumina abrasive, wherein the model of the screening machine is DZSF525 linear vibration screening machine.
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