CN117088369A - Continuous preparation, crushing and discharging method and device for carbon dioxide hydrate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and device for the continuous production, crushing and discharge of carbon dioxide hydrate, which includes a reactor with an inner cavity and a temperature-controlled water tank. The inner cavity of the reactor is divided into a generation chamber and a crushing chamber by horizontal partitions. The generation chamber is located above the crushing chamber, and the partition plate is connected to a driving mechanism that drives the partition plate to move so that the generation chamber and the crushing chamber are connected and closed; the upper part of the crushing chamber is connected to a feeding system, and the outer wall of the reactor is wrapped A temperature control pipe coil is provided, and a circulation pump is provided in the temperature control water tank. One end of the temperature control pipe coil is connected to the temperature control water tank, and the other end is connected to the circulation pump; a stirring motor is provided on the top of the reactor, The stirring motor is connected to a stirrer, and the stirrer is located in the generating cavity; a crushing mechanism is provided in the crushing cavity, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the crushing cavity. The invention can reduce the initial generation time of carbon dioxide hydrate and improve the preparation efficiency.

Description

Carbon dioxide hydrate continuous production, crushing and discharge method and device

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon dioxide hydrate preparation, especially a method and device for continuously preparing, crushing and discharging carbon dioxide hydrate.

Background technique

The development of industry has led to a substantial increase in carbon dioxide emissions. Carbon dioxide has intensified the global greenhouse effect and destroyed the ecological environment. How to solve the problems caused by carbon dioxide emissions, in addition to reducing carbon dioxide emissions or strictly controlling carbon dioxide emission indicators, can also be used Another way is to capture and store carbon dioxide, and ultimately store the carbon dioxide underground.

At present, carbon dioxide storage is mainly divided into land storage and ocean storage. However, due to cost considerations, most scholars believe that abandoned oil and gas mining areas are the best places to store carbon dioxide. The main reason is that compared with other In areas where the geological features are unfamiliar, the geological data available in that area is richer and the understanding is more comprehensive. After carbon dioxide reacts with minerals such as carbonates in the ocean, it is stored using the high pressure of seawater. This is also one of the useful methods of utilizing industrial waste. In terms of improving oil and gas recovery, injecting carbon dioxide for oil displacement is also a relatively common oil displacement method.

CN115076594A discloses a carbon dioxide storage method. By placing a CO ₂ storage container filled with high-concentration salt water in seawater at a depth of no less than 3,000 meters; transporting liquid CO ₂ into the storage container, and utilizing the liquid CO ₂ that overflows into the storage inlet and discharge pipes, Contact with seawater generates CO ₂ hydrate to seal the storage container, thereby achieving the sealing effect. CN106904616A discloses a carbon dioxide geological storage structure and storage method. By centrally recovering the carbon dioxide produced in industrial production and injecting it into abandoned oil fields and gas fields, the carbon dioxide and underground water form solid carbon dioxide hydrate to achieve storage reduction. The purpose of the platoon. CN211847165U discloses a carbon dioxide formation storage system. The system mainly prepares carbon dioxide hydrate through a hydrate reaction device, and then transports the hydrate to coal, oil and gas goafs in the form of pipeline transportation, and performs formation storage in the form of hydrates. . In summary, the most important storage systems currently include deep sea storage, abandoned coal seam storage, etc. However, these existing technologies and methods have problems such as high cost, low efficiency, poor safety, complex device structure, etc., and are not suitable for large-scale investment. How to improve the efficiency of producing carbon dioxide hydrate and storing it is a problem.

CN104445197A discloses a carbon dioxide hydrate preparation device, which includes: a reaction unit, used to accommodate water and carbon dioxide for reaction; a liquid circulation unit, respectively connected to the liquid inlet at the top and the liquid outlet at the bottom of the reaction unit, for raw material water supply and circulation of carbon dioxide hydrate; the air inlet unit is connected to the air inlet at the top of the reaction unit for the supply of carbon dioxide raw materials; the rupture unit is installed inside the reaction unit with a predetermined density of gaps on the surface for carbon dioxide hydrate rupture; and a heat exchange unit located below the rupture unit for absorbing the heat of carbon dioxide hydrate. The rupture unit uses a plate with holes, which makes it difficult to effectively break hydrates. During preparation, the initial growth rate of carbon dioxide hydrate is slow and the efficiency is low. In addition, in order to ensure that the equipment is at a constant temperature, existing carbon dioxide hydrate preparation devices are generally set up inside a constant temperature box, which is only suitable for small equipment. For example, the carbon dioxide hydrate preparation equipment used in laboratories is not suitable for large industrial equipment. .

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and device for the continuous preparation, crushing and discharge of carbon dioxide hydrate, which can reduce the initial generation time of carbon dioxide hydrate, improve the preparation efficiency, and can control the reaction temperature within a certain range, so as to achieve Industrial application, and the produced carbon dioxide hydrate is directly stored in oil, gas and mineral mining areas.

In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a device for continuously producing, crushing and discharging carbon dioxide hydrate, including a reactor with an inner cavity and a temperature-controlled water tank. The inner cavity of the reactor is separated by a horizontal partition. A generating chamber and a crushing chamber. The generating chamber is located above the crushing chamber. The partition plate is connected with a driving mechanism that drives the partition plate to move so that the generating chamber and the crushing chamber are connected and closed. The upper part of the crushing chamber is connected with a feeding system. , a temperature control tube coil is wound around the outer wall of the reactor, a circulation pump is provided in the temperature control water tank, one end of the temperature control tube coil is connected to the temperature control water tank, and the other end is connected to the circulation pump; the reaction The top of the device is provided with a stirring motor, the stirring motor is connected to a stirrer, and the stirrer is located in the generating chamber; a crushing mechanism is provided in the crushing chamber, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the crushing chamber.

Further, a lifting mechanism is provided on the top cover of the reactor, and the lifting mechanism is connected to a pressure plate, and the pressure plate is located in the generation chamber.

Further, the feeding system includes a carbon dioxide collection tank, a pressurizing device, a first pre-cooling device, a water tank and a second pre-cooling device. The side wall of the generation chamber is provided with a water inlet and an air inlet. The carbon dioxide The collection tank, the pressurizing device, the first precooling device and the air inlet are connected in sequence, and the water tank, the second precooling device and the water inlet are connected in sequence.

Further, the crushing mechanism includes a crushing motor, the crushing motor is connected to a rotating shaft, and a crushing blade is provided on the rotating shaft.

Further, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are provided in the generation chamber.

Further, the outer wall of the reactor is provided with a positioning mechanism for fixing the reactor to the inner wall of the wellbore. Install the reactor of the above-mentioned carbon dioxide hydrate continuous production, crushing and discharge device at the bottom of an oil, gas or mineral mining well;

Methods for continuous production, crushing and removal of carbon dioxide hydrate include:

Evacuate the generation chamber and circulate the water in the temperature-controlled water tank into the temperature-control tube coil so that the temperature in the generation chamber reaches the process requirements;

The carbon dioxide is pressurized, pre-cooled and then introduced into the generation chamber, while water is pre-cooled and then introduced into the generation chamber;

The stirrer stirs water and carbon dioxide, and water reacts with carbon dioxide to form carbon dioxide hydrate;

After the reaction is completed, the driving mechanism drives the partition to move, and the generation cavity is connected with the crushing cavity. The carbon dioxide hydrate in the generation cavity falls into the crushing cavity. The crushing mechanism is used to crush the carbon dioxide hydrate, and the crushed carbon dioxide hydrate passes through the discharge port. Falling into oil, gas or mineral mining areas, carbon dioxide hydrate remains stable under formation pressure;

After all the carbon dioxide hydrate in the generation chamber is discharged, the driving mechanism drives the partition to reset, so that the partition separates the generation chamber and the crushing chamber from each other. Water and carbon dioxide are again introduced into the generation chamber, and the remaining carbon dioxide hydrate on the agitator is released by the centrifugal force. When water and carbon dioxide enter into the process, the remaining carbon dioxide hydrate can be used as a crystal nucleus, and the carbon dioxide hydrate can grow directly on the crystal nucleus, thereby omitting the nucleation stage and improving the preparation efficiency.

Further, the carbon dioxide is pressurized to 1.27 to 4.6 MPa, precooled to 275 to 295 Kelvin and then introduced into the generation chamber, and the water is precooled to 275 to 283 Kelvin and then introduced into the generation chamber.

Further, the pressure in the generation cavity is greater than or equal to 7.2MPa, and the temperature is 270 to 280 Kelvin.

Further, the temperature-controlled water tank and feeding system are set on the ground.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention winds and sets a temperature control pipe coil on the outer wall of the reactor. When working, the temperature control water tank controls the water inside it within a constant temperature range, and controls the water in the temperature control water tank. Water flows into the temperature control tube coil to circulate the water in the temperature control water tank, thereby controlling the temperature of the reactor to prevent the temperature in the reactor from being too high or too low, so that the temperature inside the reactor remains stable, which is beneficial to hydrates stable growth. This insulation method has a simple structure and good insulation effect. It is suitable for reactors of various sizes and is conducive to industrial application.

2. The stirrer not only plays the role of stirring water and carbon dioxide, but also plays the role of retaining a small amount of carbon dioxide hydrate. During the preparation process of carbon dioxide hydrate, some hydrates will inevitably adhere to the stirrer, and these hydrates will not will fall into the crushing chamber, but stay on the agitator. When preparing carbon dioxide hydrate next time, the rotation of the agitator will generate centrifugal force. The remaining carbon dioxide hydrate on the agitator will quickly and evenly enter the water and carbon dioxide under the action of centrifugal force. , these residual carbon dioxide hydrates serve as crystal nuclei, and new carbon dioxide hydrates can grow directly on the crystal nuclei, saving the nucleation process and nucleation time, so the preparation efficiency is improved.

3. The reactor of the present invention has a simple structure and is directly installed in an oil, gas or mineral mining well. The prepared carbon dioxide hydrate is directly filled and sealed in the oil, gas or mineral mining area to achieve carbon dioxide storage.

4. By pulverizing the carbon dioxide hydrate, the carbon dioxide hydrate is prevented from clogging the discharge channel, and at the same time, the carbon dioxide hydrate is forced to fill the space in the oil, gas or mining area, reducing the filling gap and increasing the filling amount per unit volume.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

Reference signs: 1—Reactor; 2—Partition; 3—Generation chamber; 4—Pulverizing chamber; 5—Temperature control water tank; 6—Temperature control tube coil; 7—Circulation pump; 8—Stirring motor; 9—Stirring 10—discharge port; 11—lifting mechanism; 12—pressure plate; 13—carbon dioxide collection tank; 14—pressurizing device; 15—first precooling device; 16—water tank; 17—water inlet; 18—air inlet port; 19—crushing electricity; 20—crushing blade; 21—temperature sensor; 22—pressure sensor; 23—positioning mechanism; 24—second precooling device; 100—wellbore.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

The carbon dioxide hydrate continuous production, crushing and discharge device of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, includes a reactor 1 with an inner cavity and a temperature-controlled water tank 5. The inner cavity of the reactor 1 is divided into a generation chamber by a horizontal partition 2 3 and crushing chamber 4. The generating chamber 3 is located above the crushing chamber 4. The partition plate 2 is connected with a driving mechanism that drives the partition plate 2 to move so that the generating chamber 3 and the crushing chamber 4 are connected and closed; the upper part of the crushing chamber 4 is connected with a feed System, the outer wall of the reactor 1 is wrapped with a temperature control pipe coil 6, and a circulation pump 7 is installed in the temperature control water tank 5. One end of the temperature control pipe coil 6 is connected to the temperature control water tank 5, and the other end is connected to the circulation pump 7; reaction The top of the device 1 is provided with a stirring motor 8, which is connected to a stirrer 9. The stirrer 9 is located in the generating chamber 3; a crushing mechanism is provided in the crushing chamber 4, and a discharge port 10 is provided at the bottom of the crushing chamber 4.

The reactor 1 adopts a metal tank, the cross section of the generation chamber 3 is circular or rectangular, the crushing chamber 4 is hemispherical, and the top of the reactor 1 is sealed by a top cover. The partition 2 is made of a metal plate, which can be spliced into a circular plate by multiple metal plates. Pins are provided at both ends of each metal plate. The pins rotate and cooperate with the side walls of the reactor 1. The driving mechanism can be multiple flip motors. Each flip motor is connected to a pin on a metal plate. When it is necessary to connect the generating chamber 3 and the crushing chamber 4, the flipping motor drives each metal plate to rotate 90 degrees so that the metal block is in a vertical state; when it is necessary to separate the generating chamber 3 and the crushing chamber 4, the flipping motor drives each metal plate. The metal plates are rotated to a horizontal state, and each metal plate can be spliced into a partition 2. In addition, the partition 2 can also be horizontally plugged into the reactor 1. The driving mechanism adopts a linear motor, a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, etc., which can push the partition 2 to move horizontally. When it is necessary to connect the generation chamber 3 and the crushing chamber 4, the linear motor, The air cylinder or hydraulic cylinder pulls the partition 2 to move outward to the outside of the reactor 1. When it is necessary to separate the generation chamber 3 and the crushing chamber 4, the linear motor, air cylinder or hydraulic cylinder pushes the partition 2 to move inward to the inside of the reactor 1. .

Temperature-controlled water is stored in the temperature-controlled water tank 5. The temperature-controlled water tank 5 has the function of adjusting the water temperature. The specific water temperature adjustment method can adopt existing technology, so that the temperature of the temperature-controlled water is always within a certain range. The temperature control tube coil 6 adopts a pipe and is wound around the outer wall of the reactor 1. Two adjacent circles of pipes are in close contact without leaving any gaps, thereby covering the outer wall of the reactor 1 and controlling the temperature of the reactor 1 more effectively. The circulating pump 7 drives the temperature-controlled water to enter the temperature-controlled pipe coil 6. The temperature-controlled water flows through the temperature-controlled pipe coil 6 and then returns to the temperature-controlled water tank 5. The circulating flow can effectively control the temperature of the reactor 1. This temperature control method is suitable for reactors 1 of various sizes and is conducive to industrial application.

In order to promote uniform contact between water and carbon dioxide, a stirrer 9 is provided in the generation chamber 3 . The stirring motor 8 is used to drive the stirrer 9 to rotate, and the stirring motor 8 can be installed on the upper surface of the top cover. During the growth process of carbon dioxide hydrate, part of the carbon dioxide hydrate will adhere to the agitator 9. During crushing, these hydrates will not fall into the crushing chamber 4, but stay on the agitator 9. The next time carbon dioxide hydrate is prepared, , the rotation of the stirrer 9 generates centrifugal force, and the residual carbon dioxide hydrate on the stirrer 9 quickly and evenly enters the water and carbon dioxide under the action of centrifugal force. These residual carbon dioxide hydrates serve as crystal nuclei, and the new carbon dioxide hydrate can be directly added to the water and carbon dioxide. Growth on crystal nuclei saves the nucleation process and nucleation time, so the preparation efficiency is improved.

The crushing mechanism is used to break carbon dioxide hydrate into small particles to facilitate the discharge and storage of carbon dioxide hydrate, prevent carbon dioxide hydrate from blocking the discharge channel, and at the same time promote carbon dioxide hydrate to fill the space in oil, gas or mining areas, reducing filling gap to increase the filling volume per unit volume. The crushing mechanism specifically includes a crushing motor 19. The crushing motor 19 is connected to a rotating shaft, and a crushing blade 20 is provided on the rotating shaft.

Carbon dioxide hydrate is a solid and may stay stably between the inner wall of the reactor 1 and the stirrer 9, making it difficult to fall into the crushing chamber 4 by its own gravity. Therefore, in the present invention, a lifting device is provided on the top cover of the reactor 1. Mechanism 11, the lifting mechanism 11 is connected to a pressure plate 12, and the pressure plate 12 is located in the generation chamber 3. Specifically, the top cover of the reactor 1 is provided with a plurality of downwardly concave grooves, and a lifting mechanism 11 is provided in each groove. The lifting mechanism 11 is located on the upper surface of the top cover and is connected to the pressure plate through a connecting rod. 12 connected. In order to improve the sealing performance, a sealing gasket is provided on the upper surface of the top cover. The lifting mechanism 11 may be a linear motor, a hydraulic cylinder or other equipment. There may be multiple pressure plates 12, and each pressure plate 12 is connected to the lifting mechanism 11 through a vertical connecting rod, and there is an appropriate distance between the pressure plate 12 and the agitator 9 to prevent the two from colliding with each other and causing damage during operation. In addition, the pressure plate 12 can also be annular and arranged horizontally, with the stirrer 9 located in the inner hole of the pressure plate 12 . After the preparation of carbon dioxide hydrate is completed, the partition plate 2 is opened, and then the lifting mechanism 11 is used to drive the pressing plate 12 to move downward, thereby pressing the carbon dioxide hydrate in the generation chamber 3 into the crushing chamber 4 .

The feed system is used to introduce water and carbon dioxide, including a water supply system and a carbon dioxide supply system. The carbon dioxide supply system includes a carbon dioxide collection tank 13, a pressurizing device 14, and a first precooling device 15. The water supply system includes a water tank 16 and a second precooling device. The cooling device 24 and the carbon dioxide collection tank 13 are used to store the collected carbon dioxide, and the pressurizing device 14 is used to pressurize the carbon dioxide so that the pressure of the carbon dioxide meets the hydrate formation conditions. The first precooling device 15 is used to cool the carbon dioxide so that the temperature of the carbon dioxide meets the hydrate formation conditions. The water tank 16 is used to store reaction water, and the second precooling device 24 is used to precool the reaction water. The side wall of the generation chamber 3 is provided with a water inlet 17 and an air inlet 18. The carbon dioxide collection tank 13, the pressurizing device 14, the first precooling device 15 and the air inlet 18 are connected in sequence. The water tank 16 and the second precooling device 24 Connected to the water inlet 17 in sequence. In order to facilitate the delivery of reaction water to the generation chamber 3 , a water pump may be provided between the second precooling device 24 and the water inlet 17 . In order to control the flow, flow meters and solenoid valves can be installed at the water inlet 17 and the air inlet 18 .

In order to monitor the temperature and pressure in the generating chamber 3 in real time, a temperature sensor 21 and a pressure sensor 22 are provided in the generating chamber 3 . The temperature sensor 21 and the pressure sensor 22 detect the temperature and pressure in the generation chamber 3, and adjust the temperature of the temperature-controlled water and the pressure of the pressurizing device 14 according to the detection results to ensure that the temperature and pressure in the generation chamber 3 are always within the range required by the process. Inside.

The reactor 1 of the present invention can directly fill the produced carbon dioxide hydrate into the oil, gas, ore mining area. In order to facilitate the fixation of the reactor 1, the outer wall of the reactor 1 is provided with a structure for fixing the reactor 1 to the wellbore 100. Positioning mechanism 23 on the inner wall. The wellbore 100 is a production well such as an oil well, a gas well, or a mine. The positioning mechanism 23 may be a suspension mechanism that hangs the reactor 1 on the inner wall of the wellbore 100. Multiple suspension mechanisms are provided to ensure the stability of the suspension. After the broken carbon dioxide hydrate is discharged from the discharge port 10 at the bottom of the crushing chamber 4, it falls into the oil, gas or mineral mining area. The carbon dioxide hydrate fills the already mined space, which can improve the stability of the formation and reduce the risk of landslides. And under the pressure of the formation, carbon dioxide hydrate can remain stable and difficult to decompose, so carbon dioxide hydrate can be stored.

Methods for continuously producing, crushing and discharging carbon dioxide hydrate include:

The reactor 1 of the carbon dioxide hydrate continuous production, crushing and discharge device shown in Figure 1 is installed at the bottom of an oil, gas or mining well, and the produced carbon dioxide hydrate can be directly discharged to the oil, gas or mining well. At the bottom, the carbon dioxide hydrate is then pushed into the mined area, eliminating the need for pipelines to transport carbon dioxide hydrate. The carbon dioxide hydrate is more efficiently stored and avoids the risk of pipeline blockage.

Since the underground space is limited, the temperature-controlled water tank 5 and the feeding system are set on the ground. The temperature-controlled water tank 5 is connected to the temperature-control pipe coil 6 through a flexible pipe. The feeding system is connected to the water inlet 17 and the inlet through a flexible pipe. Air port 18 is enough. Placing the temperature-controlled water tank 5 and the feeding system on the ground can also more conveniently store the collected carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide collection tank 13, and at the same time facilitate the control and adjustment of the water temperature in the temperature-controlled water tank 5.

The generation chamber 3 is evacuated to prevent impurity gases such as air from affecting the generation of hydrate. The water in the temperature-controlled water tank 5 is circulated into the temperature-controlled tube coil 6 so that the temperature in the generation chamber 3 reaches the process requirements. Specifically, the temperature in the generation chamber 3 is controlled at 270 to 280 Kelvin.

The carbon dioxide is pressurized and pre-cooled and then introduced into the generation chamber 3. At the same time, the water is pre-cooled and then introduced into the generation chamber 3. Specifically, carbon dioxide is pressurized to 1.27 to 4.6 MPa, precooled to 275 to 295 Kelvin and then introduced into the generation chamber 3. Water is precooled to 275 to 283 Kelvin and then introduced into the generation chamber 3. The pressure in the generation chamber 3 is greater than or equal to 7.2MPa, and an air pump can be used to transport carbon dioxide to the generation chamber 3.

The stirrer 9 stirs water and carbon dioxide, and water and carbon dioxide react to form carbon dioxide hydrate. The temperature sensor 21 and the pressure sensor 22 are used to detect the temperature and pressure in the generation chamber 3 in real time. When the temperature is too high or too low, the temperature in the generation chamber 3 is adjusted by adjusting the temperature of the temperature-controlled water. When the pressure in the generation chamber 3 is too low, carbon dioxide is introduced again to increase the pressure.

After the reaction is completed, the stirrer 9 stops rotating. The driving mechanism drives the partition 2 to move, and the generation chamber 3 is connected with the crushing chamber 4. The carbon dioxide hydrate in the generation chamber 3 falls into the crushing chamber 4. The lifting mechanism 11 can be used to push the pressure plate 12 to move downward, pushing the carbon dioxide hydrate to fall quickly. Crushing chamber 4. The carbon dioxide hydrate is crushed by a crushing mechanism, and the broken carbon dioxide hydrate falls into the oil, gas or mineral mining area through the discharge port 10, and the carbon dioxide hydrate remains stable under the formation pressure.

After all the carbon dioxide hydrate in the generation chamber 3 is discharged, the driving mechanism drives the partition 2 to reset so that the partition 2 separates the generation chamber 3 from the crushing chamber 4. Water and carbon dioxide are introduced into the generation chamber 3 again, and the mixer is started again. 9. The remaining carbon dioxide hydrate on the stirrer 9 enters the water and carbon dioxide under the action of centrifugal force. The remaining carbon dioxide hydrate can be used as a crystal nucleus, and the carbon dioxide hydrate can grow directly on the crystal nucleus, thereby omitting nucleation. stage to improve preparation efficiency.

It is known that hydrate generation includes two stages: nucleation and growth. Nucleation refers to the process of forming stable hydrate crystal nuclei with critical size. Growth refers to the process of new hydrates using the crystal nuclei as the skeleton and constantly attaching to the hydrate. On the skeleton, the volume of hydrate gradually increases. In the present invention, by using the remaining carbon dioxide hydrate on the stirrer 9 as the crystal nucleus for the next preparation of carbon dioxide hydrate, new carbon dioxide hydrate can grow directly on the basis of the crystal nucleus, eliminating the nucleation process, so it can be more Quickly obtain carbon dioxide hydrate and improve preparation efficiency.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Carbon dioxide hydrate continuous production, crushing and discharge device, characterized by: including a reactor (1) with an inner cavity and a temperature-controlled water tank (5). The inner cavity of the reactor (1) is composed of horizontal partitions (2) It is divided into a generating chamber (3) and a crushing chamber (4). The generating chamber (3) is located above the crushing chamber (4). The partition (2) is connected with a driving partition (2) to move. The generating chamber (3) and the crushing chamber (4) are connected and closed by a driving mechanism; the upper part of the crushing chamber (4) is connected with a feeding system, and the outer wall of the reactor (1) is wrapped with a temperature control tube coil ( 6), the temperature control water tank (5) is equipped with a circulation pump (7), one end of the temperature control pipe coil (6) is connected to the temperature control water tank (5), and the other end is connected to the circulation pump (7); A stirring motor (8) is provided on the top of the reactor (1), and a stirrer (9) is connected to the stirring motor (8). The stirrer (9) is located in the generation cavity (3); the crushing A crushing mechanism is provided in the cavity (4), and a discharge port (10) is provided at the bottom of the crushing cavity (4). 2. The carbon dioxide hydrate continuous production, crushing and discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a lifting mechanism (11) is provided on the top cover of the reactor (1), and the lifting mechanism (11) A pressure plate (12) is connected, and the pressure plate (12) is located in the generation cavity (3). 3. The continuous production, crushing and discharge device of carbon dioxide hydrate as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the feeding system includes a carbon dioxide collection tank (13), a pressurizing device (14), a first precooling device ( 15), water tank (16) and second precooling device (24), the side wall of the generation chamber (3) is provided with a water inlet (17) and an air inlet (18), the carbon dioxide collection tank (13) , the pressurizing device (14), the first precooling device (15) and the air inlet (18) are connected in sequence, and the water tank (16), the second precooling device (24) and the water inlet (17) are connected in sequence. 4. The carbon dioxide hydrate continuous production, crushing and discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crushing mechanism includes a crushing motor (19), the crushing motor (19) is connected to a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is A crushing blade (20) is provided. 5. The device for continuously producing, crushing and discharging carbon dioxide hydrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: a temperature sensor (21) and a pressure sensor (22) are provided in the generation chamber (3). 6. The carbon dioxide hydrate continuous production, crushing and discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer wall of the reactor (1) is provided with a means for fixing the reactor (1) to the inner wall of the wellbore (100). Positioning mechanism (23). 7. A method for continuously producing, crushing and discharging carbon dioxide hydrate, which is characterized by: including: The reactor (1) of the carbon dioxide hydrate continuous production, crushing and discharge device described in claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 is installed at the bottom of an oil, gas or mining well; Evacuate the generation chamber (3), and circulate the water in the temperature control water tank (5) into the temperature control tube coil (6), so that the temperature in the generation chamber (3) reaches the process requirements; The carbon dioxide is pressurized and pre-cooled and then introduced into the generation chamber (3), while the water is pre-cooled and then introduced into the generation chamber (3); The stirrer (9) stirs water and carbon dioxide, and water reacts with carbon dioxide to form carbon dioxide hydrate; After the reaction is completed, the driving mechanism drives the partition (2) to move, and the generation chamber (3) is connected to the crushing chamber (4). The carbon dioxide hydrate in the generation chamber (3) falls into the crushing chamber (4), and the carbon dioxide is crushed by the crushing mechanism. The hydrate is broken, and the broken carbon dioxide hydrate falls into the oil, gas or mineral mining area through the discharge port (10), and the carbon dioxide hydrate remains stable under the formation pressure; After all the carbon dioxide hydrate in the generation chamber (3) is discharged, the driving mechanism drives the partition (2) to reset, so that the partition (2) separates the generation chamber (3) from the crushing chamber (4), and then moves toward the generation chamber (4) again. 3) Pour water and carbon dioxide into the mixer (9), and the remaining carbon dioxide hydrate on the stirrer (9) will enter the water and carbon dioxide under the action of centrifugal force. The remaining carbon dioxide hydrate can be used as a crystal nucleus, and the carbon dioxide hydrate can be directly on the crystal nucleus. growth, thereby omitting the nucleation stage and improving preparation efficiency. 8. The device for continuously producing, crushing and discharging carbon dioxide hydrate as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the carbon dioxide is pressurized to 1.27 to 4.6MPa, pre-cooled to 275 to 295 Kelvin and then passed into the generation chamber (3), Pre-cool the water to 275 to 283 Kelvin and then pass it into the generation chamber (3). 9. The carbon dioxide hydrate continuous preparation, crushing and discharge method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the pressure in the generation chamber (3) is greater than or equal to 7.2MPa, and the temperature is 270 to 280 Kelvin. 10. The carbon dioxide hydrate continuous production, crushing and discharge method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the temperature-controlled water tank (5) and the feeding system are arranged on the ground.