CN117086077A - Medical waste treatment equipment and treatment method - Google Patents
Medical waste treatment equipment and treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117086077A CN117086077A CN202310817438.8A CN202310817438A CN117086077A CN 117086077 A CN117086077 A CN 117086077A CN 202310817438 A CN202310817438 A CN 202310817438A CN 117086077 A CN117086077 A CN 117086077A
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- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/50—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving radiation, e.g. electro-magnetic waves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/65—Medical waste
Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses medical waste treatment equipment and a treatment method, wherein the treatment equipment comprises the following steps: the crushing unit is used for carrying out the destruction treatment on the medical waste; the sterilizing unit is connected with the discharge port of the crushing unit and is used for sterilizing the medical waste after the destroying treatment; the pyrolysis unit is communicated with the discharge port of the disinfection unit and is used for pyrolyzing the medical waste after disinfection treatment; the waste gas treatment unit is connected with the discharge end of the pyrolysis unit and is used for treating waste gas generated in the pyrolysis and destruction treatment process; the slag discharging unit is connected to the bottom of the discharge end of the pyrolysis unit and is used for discharging solid residues after pyrolysis; the bottom that disinfection unit kept away from pyrolysis unit one side is equipped with the liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is connected to through the infusion pipeline pyrolysis unit. Can safely and properly treat waste gas, waste liquid and waste materials, and is environment-friendly and efficient.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of garbage disposal. And more particularly, to a medical waste treatment apparatus and a treatment method.
Background
Medical waste refers to contaminated waste produced by hospitals that comes into contact with blood, flesh, etc. of patients. Such as used cotton balls, gauze, adhesive tape, waste water, disposable medical devices, post-operative waste, expired medicines, and the like. Because the medical garbage has the characteristics of space pollution, acute infection, latent pollution and the like, the harm of viruses and germs is tens, hundreds and even thousands times of that of common household garbage. If improperly treated, serious environmental pollution is caused, and the epidemic disease can be a source of epidemic disease.
At present, medical waste treatment mainly depends on centralized treatment of innocent treatment centers established in various ground markets, liquefied gas is generally adopted for incineration of equipment of the innocent treatment centers, harmful gas is accelerated to volatilize in air due to direct feeding of crushed materials into an incinerator, high-temperature flue gas overflows, rapid cooling of the flue gas is not carried out, dioxin and harmful gas are secondarily generated, and the equipment is high in cost and difficult to maintain.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present application is to provide a medical waste disposal apparatus capable of performing harmless disposal of medical waste.
Another object of the present application is to provide a treatment method for performing harmless treatment on medical waste by using the above medical waste treatment apparatus.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
according to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a medical waste disposal apparatus comprising:
the crushing unit is used for carrying out the destruction treatment on the medical waste;
the sterilizing unit is connected with the discharge port of the crushing unit and is used for sterilizing the medical waste after the destroying treatment;
the pyrolysis unit is communicated with the discharge port of the disinfection unit and is used for pyrolyzing the medical waste after disinfection treatment;
the waste gas treatment unit is connected with the discharge end of the pyrolysis unit and is used for treating waste gas generated in the pyrolysis and destruction treatment process; and
the slag discharging unit is connected to the bottom of the discharge end of the pyrolysis unit and is used for discharging solid residues after pyrolysis;
the bottom that disinfection unit kept away from pyrolysis unit one side is equipped with the liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is connected to through the infusion pipeline pyrolysis unit.
In addition, preferably, the crushing unit comprises a crusher, a temporary storage hopper and a feeding system;
the discharge port of the feeding system is connected with the feed port of the temporary storage hopper and is used for conveying medical waste;
the temporary storage hopper is connected to the feeding port of the pulverizer, and the discharging port of the pulverizer, namely the discharging port of the pulverizing unit, is connected with the feeding port of the sterilizing unit.
Furthermore, preferably, the medical waste treatment device further comprises an exhaust gas pretreatment unit, wherein a feed inlet of the exhaust gas pretreatment unit is communicated with the temporary storage hopper through a first conveying pipeline, and a discharge outlet of the exhaust gas pretreatment unit is connected to the exhaust gas treatment unit through a second conveying pipeline.
In addition, preferably, the discharging end of the pyrolysis unit comprises a first discharging hole and a second discharging hole, wherein the first discharging hole is positioned at the top of the pyrolysis unit, and the second discharging hole is positioned at the bottom of the pyrolysis unit;
the first discharge hole is communicated with the waste gas treatment unit, and the second discharge hole is communicated with the slag discharging unit.
In addition, the pyrolysis unit and the waste gas treatment unit comprise a secondary combustion chamber and a heat exchanger which are arranged in sequence;
the first discharge port is connected with the feed inlet of the secondary combustion chamber through a third conveying pipeline, the discharge port of the secondary combustion chamber is connected with the feed inlet of the heat exchanger through a fifth conveying pipeline, and the heat exchanger is communicated with the waste gas treatment unit through the fifth conveying pipeline;
the feed inlet of the secondary combustion chamber is positioned at the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber, and the discharge outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is positioned at the top of the secondary combustion chamber.
Furthermore, preferably, the exhaust gas treatment unit comprises a quenching tower, a spray tower, a VOC remover and an induced draft fan which are sequentially communicated, and the heat exchanger is communicated with the quenching tower through a fifth conveying pipeline.
Furthermore, it is preferable that the pyrolysis unit comprises a pyrolysis chamber, a heat source generator and an inert gas cylinder;
the pyrolysis cavity is provided with a heat source injection port, and the heat source generator acts on the pyrolysis cavity through the heat source main inlet;
the inert gas cylinder is communicated with the pyrolysis cavity through a gas pipeline, and a check valve is arranged on the gas pipeline.
Furthermore, preferably, the sterilizing unit comprises a sterilizing cavity and a sterilizer acting on the sterilizing cavity, and the sterilizer is a microwave sterilizer;
the disinfection chamber slope sets up, the feed inlet of disinfection unit is in the height of vertical direction relatively lower than the discharge gate of disinfection unit is in the height of vertical direction.
In addition, the medical waste treatment equipment further comprises a box body, and the crushing unit, the sterilizing unit, the pyrolysis unit, the waste gas treatment unit and the slag discharging unit are integrated in the box body.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a treatment method for treating medical waste by using the above medical waste treatment apparatus, comprising:
the crushing unit is used for performing the shape destroying treatment on the medical waste and then entering the disinfection unit;
the medical waste is sterilized by the sterilizing unit, then enters the pyrolysis unit, and meanwhile, liquid generated in the sterilizing process of the sterilizing unit enters the pyrolysis unit through the infusion pipeline;
when the medical waste in the pyrolysis unit is accumulated to a set value, starting pyrolysis;
the residue after pyrolysis is discharged through a slag discharging unit, and waste gas generated after pyrolysis enters a waste gas treatment unit;
the waste gas treatment unit is used for treating waste gas and discharging the treated waste gas.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the application provides the medical waste treatment equipment and the treatment method, wherein the medical waste treatment equipment is integrated in the box body, the equipment is simple, the volume is small, the manufacturing cost is low, and the mobility of the treatment equipment is improved by moving a vehicle, so that the problem of high medical waste treatment difficulty in remote areas is solved; the crushing process is carried out in a micro negative pressure environment, and the generated waste gas and waste materials are treated by a VOC (volatile organic compound) processor after being sterilized and pyrolyzed, so that the emission meets the standard, and the harm to the environment and human body is avoided; inert gas is filled in the pyrolysis process, so that the generation probability of dioxin is reduced, the generation of harmful substances in the pyrolysis process is reduced, and the environmental protection is facilitated; the sterilized waste is started to be pyrolyzed after the pyrolysis unit accumulates a preset amount, so that energy waste caused by frequent start and stop is avoided, and the utilization rate and the service life of the pyrolysis unit are improved; the waste water that disinfection unit disinfection in-process produced can directly get into pyrolysis unit and carry out pyrolysis, and waste water emission is 0, can carry out safe and proper treatment to waste gas, waste liquid and waste material, and is environmental protection high-efficient.
Drawings
The following describes the embodiments of the present application in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a medical waste treatment device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 shows a top view of a medical waste disposal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 shows a flowchart of a medical waste treatment method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The application is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present application are shown in the drawings.
In the description of the present application, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are orientation or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.
Medical waste generally has the harmful characteristics of infectivity and the like, and in order to prevent disease transmission, protect human health and ecological environment, harmless treatment needs to be carried out timely, orderly and efficiently. At present, medical waste treatment mainly depends on centralized treatment of innocent treatment centers established in various ground markets, liquefied gas is generally adopted for incineration of equipment of the innocent treatment centers, harmful gas is accelerated to volatilize in air due to direct feeding of crushed materials into an incinerator, high-temperature flue gas overflows, rapid cooling of the flue gas is not carried out, dioxin and harmful gas are secondarily generated, and the equipment is high in cost and difficult to maintain.
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the present application provides a medical waste treatment apparatus, which, as shown in connection with fig. 1-2, comprises a pulverizing unit 1, a sterilizing unit 2, a pyrolysis unit 3, an exhaust gas treatment unit and a slag tapping unit 5. The medical waste can be crushed firstly and disinfected later, and finally the final pyrolysis treatment is carried out. In the treatment process, the gas, the liquid and the solid can be safely and properly treated, and no harm is caused to human bodies and the environment.
In a specific embodiment, the crushing unit 1 includes a crusher 11, a temporary storage hopper 12 and a feeding system 13, the temporary storage hopper 12 is connected between the feeding system 13 and the crusher 11, a feeding port of the temporary storage hopper 12 is connected to a discharging port of the feeding system 13, a discharging port of the temporary storage hopper 12 is connected to a feeding port of the crusher 11, the temporary storage hopper 12 is used for conveying the medical waste conveyed by the feeding system 13 to the crusher 11, the crusher 11 is utilized to crush the medical waste, and blockage is avoided, so that the medical waste meets relevant regulations of medical product treatment. After the medical waste is destructed by the pulverizer 11, the obtained waste is transferred to the sterilizing unit 2 for sterilization. The disinfection unit 2 is connected to the discharge port of the crushing unit 1, in this embodiment, the discharge port of the crusher 11 is the discharge port of the crushing unit 1, and is directly connected to the feed port of the disinfection unit 2.
In this embodiment, the crushing process of the crusher 11 needs to be performed in a slightly negative pressure environment, a certain amount of waste gas is generated during the crushing process, and the air may be polluted by directly discharging the waste gas. As shown in fig. 1-2, the crushing unit 1 and the exhaust gas treatment unit are directly provided with an exhaust gas pretreatment unit 6, and a discharge port of the exhaust gas pretreatment unit 6 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment unit through a second conveying pipe 72, so as to perform innocent treatment on the exhaust gas generated in the crushing process and then discharge the exhaust gas. Since the density of the generated waste gas is smaller than that of the generated waste material, the inlet of the waste gas pretreatment unit 6 is communicated with the temporary storage hopper 12 through the first conveying pipeline 71 so as to convey the waste gas generated in the crushing process to the waste gas treatment unit for treatment. In an alternative example, the exhaust gas pretreatment unit 6 may be an adsorbent, such as activated carbon, an air screen, or the like, and may primarily remove volatile organic compounds in the exhaust gas.
In a specific embodiment, the material outlet of the crushing unit 1 is used for preliminary disinfection of the waste material after the destruction treatment. The sterilization mode of the sterilization unit 2 can be one or more of microwave sterilization, chemical sterilization, ozone sterilization or ultraviolet sterilization. In the embodiment, the waste is sterilized by a microwave sterilization process, and microwaves are electromagnetic waves with high frequency and short wavelength, so that polarized molecules in the articles can be polarized to perform high-speed movement, rub and collide with each other, and the temperature is rapidly increased to achieve the effect of sterilization. The microwave can kill various microorganisms such as bacterial propagules, fungi, viruses, bacterial spores, fungal spores and the like, can effectively remove germs or bacteria carried by medical wastes, and avoids causing harm to the environment or human bodies.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the sterilizing unit 2 includes a sterilizing chamber 21 and a sterilizer 22 acting on the sterilizing chamber 21, the sterilizer 22 is a microwave sterilizer, and microwaves generated by the microwave sterilizer act on waste materials in the sterilizing chamber 21 to remove germs or bacteria carried by medical waste and perform harmless treatment on the medical waste. The inside of the disinfection cavity 21 comprises a temperature transmitter which is used for monitoring the temperature in the disinfection cavity 21 and adjusting the temperature in the disinfection cavity 21 according to the temperature value.
As shown in fig. 1, the disinfection chamber 21 is cylindrical and is inclined, and the height of the inlet of the disinfection unit 2 in the vertical direction is relatively lower than the height of the outlet of the disinfection unit 2 in the vertical direction, so that the waste water generated in the disinfection process of the disinfection unit 2 can flow back to the bottom. Correspondingly, a liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of one side, far away from the pyrolysis unit 3, of the disinfection unit 2, the liquid outlet is connected to the pyrolysis unit 3 through a liquid conveying pipeline 76, and the pyrolysis unit 3 carries out high-temperature treatment on generated wastewater, so that the wastewater discharge amount in the whole treatment process is zero. In this embodiment, the wastewater may enter the pyrolysis unit 3 through the inclination angle of the pump or the fluid line 76 for high temperature treatment. In order to avoid backflow of the waste water, a check valve is provided in the fluid line 76, so that the waste water can only enter the pyrolysis unit 3 from the disinfection unit 2, but cannot enter the disinfection unit 2 from the pyrolysis unit 3.
In a specific embodiment, the outlet of the sterilizing unit 2 is connected to the inlet of the pyrolysis unit 3. The pyrolysis unit 3 comprises a pyrolysis chamber 31, a heat source generator 32 and an inert gas cylinder 33. The pyrolysis chamber 31 has a cylindrical structure and can be placed horizontally or vertically. As shown in fig. 1, the pyrolysis chamber 31 in this embodiment is placed horizontally. The top of the pyrolysis chamber 31 includes a heat source injection port, through which the heat source generator 32 acts on the pyrolysis chamber 31 to pyrolyze the waste materials in the pyrolysis chamber 31. In an alternative embodiment, the heat source of the heat source generator 32 is derived from fossil fuel or microwave heat energy, the instability of organic matters in the waste materials is utilized, the waste materials in the pyrolysis chamber 31 are heated and distilled by the heat source generator 32 in an anaerobic environment to thermally crack the organic matters, and then the generated gas, liquid and solid are respectively subjected to harmless treatment.
In this embodiment, the inert gas cylinder 33 is connected to the pyrolysis chamber 31 through a gas pipe, and is used to input inert gas (such as nitrogen) into the pyrolysis chamber 31 during the pyrolysis process, so as to form a protective atmosphere, and reduce the generation of dioxin during the pyrolysis process. Preferably, a check valve is arranged on the gas transmission pipeline, so that the inert gas cylinder 33 is prevented from being exploded due to the fact that gas generated by pyrolysis flows back into the inert gas cylinder 33, and the safety coefficient of equipment is improved.
The pyrolysis unit 3 is not always in an operating state, an induction device (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the pyrolysis cavity 31, and when the induction device senses that the waste materials in the pyrolysis cavity 31 transferred to the disinfection unit 2 are accumulated to a preset amount, the heat source generator 32 is started to carry out pyrolysis treatment on the waste materials in the pyrolysis cavity 31. The pyrolysis unit 3 can avoid frequent start and stop, the utilization rate and the service life of the pyrolysis unit 3 are improved, and energy is saved. In this embodiment, the sensing device may be a gravity sensor or a position sensor, so as to sense whether the waste material in the pyrolysis chamber 31 reaches a decomposition preset value.
In a specific embodiment, the discharge end of the pyrolysis unit 3 is connected with a tee joint interface, and the tee joint interface is respectively communicated with the waste gas treatment unit and the slag discharge unit 5 to respectively perform harmless treatment on gas and solid generated by pyrolysis. The three-way interface is connected to pyrolysis unit 3's discharge end, including first discharge gate and second discharge gate, first discharge gate is located the top of pyrolysis chamber 31, and the second discharge gate is located the bottom of pyrolysis chamber 32, and the gas that produces after the pyrolysis gets into exhaust treatment unit by first discharge gate, and the solid residue gets into slag tap unit 5 by the second discharge gate. The slag discharging unit 5 generally adopts a chemical treatment mode to perform further harmless treatment on the solid residues, then cools and discharges the solid residues, performs landfill or sealing treatment according to requirements, and avoids the high-temperature fire risk existing in direct discharge of the residues.
In one embodiment, the pyrolysis unit 3 and the waste gas treatment unit include a secondary combustion chamber 8 and a heat exchanger 9 which are sequentially arranged, the first discharge port is connected with a feed inlet of the secondary combustion chamber 8 through a third conveying pipeline 73, the waste gas is discharged from the discharge port of the secondary combustion chamber 8 after being combusted in the secondary combustion chamber 8, and the discharge port of the secondary combustion chamber 8 is connected with the feed inlet of the heat exchanger 9 through a fourth conveying pipeline 74. The feed inlet of the secondary combustion chamber 8 is positioned at the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber 8, and the discharge outlet is positioned at the side surface of the top of the secondary combustion chamber 8. The secondary combustion chamber 8 can re-burn the gas which is generated in the pyrolysis process and is not completely combusted, releases more heat energy, improves the pyrolysis efficiency, and simultaneously further oxidizes the harmful gas (such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and the like) generated in the pyrolysis process, reduces the emission of the harmful gas and reduces the pollution to the environment.
The gas after secondary combustion in the secondary combustion chamber 8 enters the heat exchanger 9, the heat exchanger 9 cools and dissipates heat of the gas, and the collected waste heat is used for heating and heat preservation of the sterilizing unit 2 and the pyrolysis unit 3. The heat exchanger 9 is communicated with the waste gas treatment unit through a fifth conveying pipeline 75, and the cooled gas is conveyed to the waste gas treatment unit for harmless treatment.
In a specific embodiment, the exhaust gas treatment unit includes a quenching tower 41, a spray tower 42, a VOC remover 43 and an induced draft fan 44, which are sequentially connected, and the heat exchanger 9 is connected to the quenching tower 41 through a fifth transfer pipe 75 to transfer the exhaust gas to the exhaust gas treatment unit. The quenching tower 41 is used for rapidly reducing the temperature of the exhaust gas and avoiding the secondary reaction of the high-temperature exhaust gas. The quench tower 41 typically exchanges heat with the product via a cooling medium (e.g., cold water or cold air) to reduce the temperature of the product. Meanwhile, the waste heat collected by the quenching tower 41 can be used for heating and heat preservation of the sterilizing unit 2 and the pyrolysis unit 3.
The spray tower 42 cleans the gas by spraying the liquid and physically trapping particulates, chemicals and gaseous pollutants in the exhaust gas into the sprayed liquid. The composition of the sprayed liquid is generally selected according to the composition of the exhaust gas, and the present embodiment is not particularly limited. The VOC remover 43 removes VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds ) gas in the exhaust gas by performing catalytic oxidative decomposition to remove the VOC gas in the exhaust gas, so that the VOC gas meets the safety emission requirement, and is discharged through the induced draft fan 44.
In this embodiment, the discharge port of the exhaust gas pretreatment unit 6 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment unit through a second conveying pipe 72, specifically connected to the spray tower 42, and discharged after passing through the spray tower 42, the VOC remover 43 and the induced draft fan 44.
In a specific embodiment, the medical waste treatment device further comprises a box 10, the crushing unit 1, the sterilizing unit 2, the pyrolysis unit 3, the waste gas treatment unit, the slag discharging unit 5 and the waste gas pretreatment unit 6 are integrated in the box 10, and the feed inlet of the feeding system 13 is communicated with the outside of the box 10, so that medical waste is conveniently fed to the medical waste treatment device for harmless treatment. The medical waste treatment equipment is integrated in the box 10, so that the medical waste treatment equipment is convenient to move and transport.
Another embodiment of the present application provides a medical waste disposal method for disposing medical waste using the medical waste disposal apparatus of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, including the steps of:
the crushing unit is used for carrying out the destruction treatment on the medical waste, and the obtained waste enters the disinfection unit;
the disinfection unit disinfects the waste, the disinfected waste enters the pyrolysis unit, and meanwhile, liquid generated in the disinfection process of the disinfection unit enters the pyrolysis unit through the infusion pipeline;
starting pyrolysis when the accumulation of the amount of waste materials in the pyrolysis unit reaches a set value;
the residue after pyrolysis is discharged through a slag discharging unit, and waste gas generated after pyrolysis enters a waste gas treatment unit;
the waste gas treatment unit is used for treating waste gas and discharging the treated waste gas.
In one embodiment, the waste gas generated in the crushing process of the crushing unit is treated by the waste gas pretreatment unit and then enters the waste gas treatment unit, and is treated by the waste gas treatment unit and then is discharged.
According to the medical waste treatment equipment and the treatment method, the medical waste treatment equipment is integrated in the box body, the equipment is simple, the volume is small, the manufacturing cost is low, and the mobility of the treatment equipment is improved by moving the vehicle, so that the problem of high medical waste treatment difficulty in remote areas is solved; the crushing process is carried out in a micro negative pressure environment, and the generated waste gas and waste materials are treated by a VOC (volatile organic compound) processor after being sterilized and pyrolyzed, so that the emission meets the standard, and the harm to the environment and human body is avoided; inert gas is filled in the pyrolysis process, so that the generation probability of dioxin is reduced, the generation of harmful substances in the pyrolysis process is reduced, and the environmental protection is facilitated; the sterilized waste is started to be pyrolyzed after the pyrolysis unit accumulates a preset amount, so that energy waste caused by frequent start and stop is avoided, and the utilization rate and the service life of the pyrolysis unit are improved; the waste water that disinfection unit disinfection in-process produced can directly get into pyrolysis unit and carry out pyrolysis, and waste water emission is 0, can carry out safe and proper treatment to waste gas, waste liquid and waste material, and is environmental protection high-efficient.
It should be understood that the foregoing examples of the present application are provided merely for clearly illustrating the present application and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application, and that various other changes and modifications may be made therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A medical waste disposal apparatus, comprising:
the crushing unit is used for carrying out the destruction treatment on the medical waste;
the sterilizing unit is connected with the discharge port of the crushing unit and is used for sterilizing the medical waste after the destroying treatment;
the pyrolysis unit is communicated with the discharge port of the disinfection unit and is used for pyrolyzing the medical waste after disinfection treatment;
the waste gas treatment unit is connected with the discharge end of the pyrolysis unit and is used for treating waste gas generated in the pyrolysis and destruction treatment process; and
the slag discharging unit is connected to the bottom of the discharge end of the pyrolysis unit and is used for discharging solid residues after pyrolysis;
the bottom that disinfection unit kept away from pyrolysis unit one side is equipped with the liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is connected to through the infusion pipeline pyrolysis unit.
2. The medical waste treatment facility according to claim 1, wherein the crushing unit comprises a crusher, a temporary storage hopper and a feeding system;
the discharge port of the feeding system is connected with the feed port of the temporary storage hopper and is used for conveying medical waste;
the temporary storage hopper is connected to the feeding port of the pulverizer, and the discharging port of the pulverizer, namely the discharging port of the pulverizing unit, is connected with the feeding port of the sterilizing unit.
3. The medical waste treatment device according to claim 2, further comprising an exhaust gas pretreatment unit, wherein a feed inlet of the exhaust gas pretreatment unit is in communication with the temporary storage hopper through a first conveying pipe, and a discharge outlet of the exhaust gas pretreatment unit is connected to the exhaust gas treatment unit through a second conveying pipe.
4. The medical waste treatment device of claim 1, wherein the discharge end of the pyrolysis unit comprises a first discharge port and a second discharge port, the first discharge port being located at the top of the pyrolysis unit and the second discharge port being located at the bottom of the pyrolysis unit;
the first discharge hole is communicated with the waste gas treatment unit, and the second discharge hole is communicated with the slag discharging unit.
5. The medical waste treatment device according to claim 4, wherein the pyrolysis unit and the waste gas treatment unit comprise a secondary combustion chamber and a heat exchanger which are arranged in sequence;
the first discharge port is connected with the feed inlet of the secondary combustion chamber through a third conveying pipeline, the discharge port of the secondary combustion chamber is connected with the feed inlet of the heat exchanger through a fifth conveying pipeline, and the heat exchanger is communicated with the waste gas treatment unit through the fifth conveying pipeline;
the feed inlet of the secondary combustion chamber is positioned at the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber, and the discharge outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is positioned at the top of the secondary combustion chamber.
6. The medical waste treatment facility according to claim 5, wherein the waste gas treatment unit includes a quenching tower, a spray tower, a VOC remover, and an induced draft fan which are sequentially communicated, and the heat exchanger is communicated with the quenching tower through a fifth transfer pipe.
7. The medical waste treatment facility according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis unit comprises a pyrolysis chamber, a heat source generator, and an inert gas cylinder;
the pyrolysis cavity is provided with a heat source injection port, and the heat source generator acts on the pyrolysis cavity through the heat source main inlet;
the inert gas cylinder is communicated with the pyrolysis cavity through a gas pipeline, and a check valve is arranged on the gas pipeline.
8. The medical waste treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the sterilization unit comprises a sterilization chamber and a sterilizer acting on the sterilization chamber, the sterilizer being a microwave sterilizer;
the disinfection chamber slope sets up, the feed inlet of disinfection unit is in the height of vertical direction relatively lower than the discharge gate of disinfection unit is in the height of vertical direction.
9. The medical waste treatment device according to claim 1, further comprising a housing, wherein the pulverizing unit, the sterilizing unit, the pyrolysis unit, the waste treatment unit, and the slag discharging unit are integrated in the housing.
10. A treatment method for treating medical waste by the medical waste treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
the crushing unit is used for performing the shape destroying treatment on the medical waste and then entering the disinfection unit;
the medical waste is sterilized by the sterilizing unit, then enters the pyrolysis unit, and meanwhile, liquid generated in the sterilizing process of the sterilizing unit enters the pyrolysis unit through the infusion pipeline;
when the medical waste in the pyrolysis unit is accumulated to a set value, starting pyrolysis;
the residue after pyrolysis is discharged through a slag discharging unit, and waste gas generated after pyrolysis enters a waste gas treatment unit;
the waste gas treatment unit is used for treating waste gas and discharging the treated waste gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310817438.8A CN117086077A (en) | 2023-07-05 | 2023-07-05 | Medical waste treatment equipment and treatment method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310817438.8A CN117086077A (en) | 2023-07-05 | 2023-07-05 | Medical waste treatment equipment and treatment method |
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| CN117086077A true CN117086077A (en) | 2023-11-21 |
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| CN202310817438.8A Pending CN117086077A (en) | 2023-07-05 | 2023-07-05 | Medical waste treatment equipment and treatment method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117086077A (en) |
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