CN117086071A - Thermal conversion recovery method for retired fan blade - Google Patents
Thermal conversion recovery method for retired fan blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN117086071A CN117086071A CN202311116015.XA CN202311116015A CN117086071A CN 117086071 A CN117086071 A CN 117086071A CN 202311116015 A CN202311116015 A CN 202311116015A CN 117086071 A CN117086071 A CN 117086071A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 23
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a heat conversion recovery method for retired fan blades, which belongs to the field of fan blade recovery and utilization, and comprises the following main steps: cutting retired blades into a certain size, feeding materials into a conveyor by using a mechanical gripper, then feeding the materials into a sealed feeder for nitrogen replacement, then feeding the materials into a pyrolysis furnace for controlled pyrolysis, feeding pyrolysis residues into the sealed conveyor for nitrogen replacement, feeding the pyrolysis residues into a low-temperature oxidation furnace for low-temperature oxidation pyrolysis residual carbon, cooling the residues, discharging the residues to obtain fibers, feeding pyrolysis gas into an incinerator for combustion, and feeding generated high-temperature flue gas into the pyrolysis furnace and the low-temperature oxidation furnace for heat supply, and feeding waste heat into a waste heat boiler for generating steam. According to the method, the retired blades are treated by adopting temperature-controlled pyrolysis and low-temperature oxidation, so that the fiber components in the blades are prevented from being damaged by high temperature, pyrolysis gas incineration and carbon residue combustion are used for system heat supply, a waste heat boiler is utilized for flue gas waste heat energy recovery, and efficient recovery of fan blade fiber and organic energy is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of recycling of fan blades, and particularly relates to a heat conversion recycling method of retired fan blades.
Background
With increasing importance on environmental protection, the development and utilization of renewable clean energy are generally paid attention to by countries around the world. Wind energy is used as an important clean renewable energy source, wind power generation is vigorously developed in recent years, and the installed capacity of wind power is gradually increased year by year. Fan blades are important components for wind power generation, in general, the service life of the blade design is 20 years, the early running blades on the market at present are over 15 years, tens of thousands of tons of retired blades and waste materials are generated each year, and the retired blades are multiplied within 5-8 years, so that development of an efficient fan blade disposal and utilization method is needed.
From the material aspect, the fan blade mainly comprises a glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforced thermosetting resin composite material, and also comprises some foam, balsa wood core material, adhesive and paint, wherein the composite material is taken as the main component material of the blade, the dosage and the cost of the composite material take the main role, and the dosage of the existing fan blade composite material accounts for more than 90% of the total mass of the blade and more than 50% of the total cost according to statistics. In addition, the thermosetting composite material has stable physicochemical properties, is difficult to decompose in natural environment, and can cause great resource waste and environmental pollution if not treated and utilized.
At present, the disposal and utilization of the retired fan blade are still immature, and the main utilization technologies of the existing development comprise physical disassembly and recycling, energy utilization, chemical degradation method, pyrolysis method and the like. The physical disassembly and recycling mainly comprises the steps of disassembling, cutting and assembling the blades to prepare other products such as containers and ornaments, shredding and crushing the blades into powder, and then adding the powder into other composite material products such as cement mortar, gypsum boards, plastic modified products and the like, belongs to a blade degradation utilization mode, has limited treatment utilization amount, and does not belong to a blade final utilization way. The energy utilization is mainly to add the blade to the incinerator for burning, obtain energy, be used for electricity generation heat supply etc. because the inorganic component content in the combined material is high, cause the insufficient burning easily, discharge exceeds standard. The chemical method is to use chemical solvent to control the reaction condition to open the specific chemical bond of the high molecular polymer, and finally realize the separation and recovery of the resin and the fiber. However, the method is not mature in technology at present, high in cost and difficult to realize industrial application. The pyrolysis method is a method for heating the fan blade under the anaerobic condition to thermally depolymerize the organic polymer resin component to form a medium-and-small molecular liquid or gas product and recycling the fiber and the filler. The pyrolysis method has simple process, mature technology and high treatment efficiency, and is one of the most likely methods for realizing industrialized application at present.
The Chinese patent applications (202110574097.7, 202110255177.6, 202111549092.5 and 202110256548.2, 202211263862.4) respectively propose a device and a method for disposing fan blades in a decomposing furnace, a fluidized bed, a steel belt type continuous pyrolysis furnace and the like, and the devices can better realize recycling of organic components in the fan blades, but the crushing process damages the fiber structure, so that the reuse range is narrowed, and meanwhile, the fiber strength is reduced by high-temperature incineration for removing carbon, so that the quality is reduced. For this reason, chinese patent application 202211437838.8 proposes a method for removing char by gasification, i.e. using CO 2 、H 2 O isothermal and oxidant, so that gasification reaction is carried out to remove carbon. Chinese patent application 202211437839.2 proposes pyrolysis accelerators to reduce the carbon residue on fibers. Although these methods better solve the problem of decreasing the quality of the fiber with high Wen Chutan, the process is complex and the energy consumption is high. Therefore, there is a need to develop a more efficient method for efficiently separating recycled fibers and organic matters without breaking fan blades, so as to realize efficient recycling of retired fan blades.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a heat conversion recovery method for blades of a retired fan.
According to the method, nitrogen replacement is carried out through the feeding and discharging mechanism, sealing feeding and discharging of large-size blades are achieved, damage to original fan blade fibers in a crushing process is avoided, and through strict temperature control of the pyrolysis process and an oxidation process, particularly low-temperature flue gas is used for mixing and supplying oxygen during low-temperature oxidation, carbon in pyrolysis residues of the fan blades is in a smoldering state, overtemperature is avoided, high-quality recovery of fibers is achieved, pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis and carbon residue are directly combusted to produce heat, self-heating operation is achieved on one hand, steam and heat are produced on the other hand, fuel is saved, energy cascade utilization is achieved, efficient recovery of organic energy in the fan blades is achieved, energy consumption is reduced, and efficient recycling of retired fan blades is achieved.
In order to achieve the above purpose and achieve the above technical effects, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a heat conversion recovery method for retired fan blades comprises the following steps:
firstly, cutting retired blades into specific sizes;
step two, feeding the cut retired blade into a conveying chain plate of a conveyor at a certain frequency;
step three, the retired blade is sent into a sealing feeder by using the conveyor, an inlet and an outlet of the sealing feeder are closed, then compressed nitrogen is introduced into the sealing feeder for purging until the oxygen concentration in the sealing feeder is detected to be lower than a certain value, and the introduction of nitrogen is stopped;
opening a discharge gate of the sealed feeder, sending the retired blades into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, controlling pyrolysis temperature and residence time of the retired blades in the pyrolysis furnace, and sending pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis into an incinerator for combustion and heat generation;
step five, delivering pyrolysis residues generated by pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace into a sealing conveyor, closing an inlet gate of the sealing conveyor, and introducing nitrogen to the sealing conveyor for purging until the concentration of combustible gas in the sealing conveyor is lower than a set value, and stopping introducing nitrogen;
step six, opening a discharge gate of the sealing conveyor, conveying the pyrolysis residues to a low-temperature oxidation furnace, opening a cooling fan of the low-temperature oxidation furnace, introducing air into the low-temperature oxidation furnace, controlling the temperature in the low-temperature oxidation furnace and the residence time of the pyrolysis residues in the furnace, and directly introducing flue gas generated by combustion into the incinerator to further burn and remove unburnt organic matters;
and step seven, conveying the pyrolysis residues subjected to low-temperature oxidation to a cooling discharging machine, cooling the pyrolysis residues in the cooling discharging machine, wherein the cooled solid matters are the recycled fibers, and directly introducing air heated in the cooling discharging machine into the incinerator to serve as combustion air.
Preferably, in the method for recovering heat from retired fan blades, the specific dimension in the first step means that the cutting dimension of the fan blades meets the following requirements: the length is less than or equal to 2m, the width is less than or equal to 1.5m, and the thickness is less than or equal to 0.1m.
Preferably, in the method for recovering heat of retired fan blades, the certain frequency of the second step means that the time interval of feeding is 2-5min.
Preferably, the sealing feeder in the third step at least comprises a sealable inlet and outlet gate, a conveying chain plate capable of controlling start and stop, a nitrogen purging inlet and outlet and corresponding valves, wherein the certain value is any value between 2% and 4%.
Preferably, in the method for recovering heat from retired fan blades, the pyrolysis furnace in the fourth step is one of a chain plate pyrolysis furnace and a tunnel kiln, a chain plate capable of controlling the material conveying speed and a high-temperature radiant tube for indirect heat exchange are arranged in the pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis temperature is 500-600 ℃, and the residence time is 30-60min.
Preferably, the incinerator is provided with a dual-fuel burner or a dual-fuel burner, one fuel is pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis in the step four, the other fuel can be natural gas, coal gas, liquefied petroleum gas or diesel oil, the fuel is mainly used as fuel in a furnace starting process and used for maintaining stable combustion of the pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis process, hot flue gas generated by combustion is fed into the pyrolysis furnace in a flow mode for controlling and maintaining required pyrolysis temperature, the flue gas after heat exchange is further fed into the low-temperature oxidation furnace for controlling the temperature of the low-temperature oxidation furnace, the other hot flue gas is directly fed into the waste heat boiler for supplying heat to generate steam, and the flue gas after heat exchange is discharged after being treated by the flue gas purification system. The flue gas purification system at least comprises a spraying dust removal and demisting process, and meanwhile, a wet deacidification system is reserved after the spraying dust removal system, and an SCNR denitration system interface is reserved for the incinerator.
Preferably, in the method for recovering the heat conversion of the retired fan blade, the combustible gas in the fifth step comprises at least one of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, ethane, ethylene, phenol and cresol.
Preferably, in the method for recovering heat of retired fan blades, the set value in the fifth step is 0.5% -1.5%.
Preferably, in the method for recovering the heat of the retired fan blade, the set value in the sixth step is 2% -4%, the temperature of the oxidation furnace is 300-600 ℃, and the residence time is 30-90min.
Preferably, the method for recovering heat of the retired fan blade includes the following steps:
s1, detecting whether a valve of a thermal conversion system can normally operate, closing the valve, sequentially detecting whether sealing equipment such as a sealing feeder, a pyrolysis furnace, a sealing conveyor, a low-temperature pyrolysis furnace and the like and connecting pipelines thereof are well sealed, and after the detection is qualified, performing air purging for at least 30min, and preparing to start the furnace;
s2, firstly starting the incinerator, burning by using auxiliary fuel, preheating the incinerator, the pyrolysis furnace and the low-temperature oxidation furnace until the incinerator, the pyrolysis furnace and the low-temperature oxidation furnace reach set temperatures and are stable for at least 30min.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the defect that the conventional fan blade thermal conversion equipment needs to crush materials and cannot process large-size raw materials is overcome, the fan blade crushing process is avoided, the fiber structure is protected, and the quality of recycled fibers is high.
2. The invention provides a specially designed feeding and discharging device, which is used for blocking the mutual transfer and mixing among external air, a pyrolysis furnace and a low-temperature oxidation furnace atmosphere by opening and closing an isolation door and replacing gas, realizing the temperature-control anaerobic pyrolysis of a fan blade and the low-temperature oxidation of pyrolysis residues, realizing the efficient recovery of blade fibers and the efficient thermal conversion of organic matters.
3. The control method of the low-temperature oxidation furnace is provided, namely, the combustion temperature of the pyrolysis carbon residue is controlled by the low-temperature flue gas and air together, on one hand, the low-temperature flue gas has a certain temperature, and the introduced energy can prevent the carbon residue from being burnt too slowly and having low heat release, so that the low-temperature oxidation furnace loses temperature and combustion cannot be performed; on the other hand, the low-temperature flue gas has low oxygen content, so that severe oxidization of pyrolytic carbon residue can be avoided, local overtemperature is caused, and the damage strength of a fiber component structure is reduced; and finally, introducing a certain amount of cooling air into the low-temperature oxidation furnace, and timely taking away heat generated by combustion to avoid overtemperature of the low-temperature oxidation furnace. Through the comprehensive adjustment of the two, the pyrolysis carbon residue is kept in a stable smoldering state, and the combustion is ensured not to exceed the temperature and the pyrolysis carbon residue is completely removed.
4. The pyrolysis carbon residue combustion flue gas is further introduced into the incinerator for combustion, so that on one hand, the measurement burnout removal of unburnt Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) generated by the low-temperature oxidation furnace can be ensured, on the other hand, the energy generated by the carbon residue combustion can be recovered, and the maximum recovery of the organic energy of the fan blade is realized.
5. The multi-stage heating and cooling air recycling of the incinerator flue gas is designed to be used for the incinerator, so that the cascade utilization of energy is realized, the energy utilization efficiency is greatly improved, and the energy consumption of the system is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a retired fan blade heat conversion recovery process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a seal feeder;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a pyrolysis furnace;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the low-temperature oxidation furnace.
[ description of the Main element symbols ]
1-an inlet gate; 2-inlet gate controller; 3-conveying chain plates; 4-nitrogen purging port; 5-outlet gate controller; 6-outlet gate; 21-a feed inlet; 22-feeding high-speed roller; 23-pyrolyzing a link plate; 24-a slag scraping chain plate; 25-heating the pipe; 26-pyrolysis gas outlet; 27-a main material outlet; 28-discharging high-speed roller; 29-carbon residue outlet; 210-a slag storage bin; 31-a main material inlet; 32-carbon residue inlet; 33-feeding conveying rollers; 34-a compressed gas purge port; 35-oxidizing a chain plate; 36-a cloth bellows; 37-flue gas wind pipe; 38-a flue gas outlet; 39-fiber outlet; 310-a discharge conveying roller; 311-a slag outlet; 312-crushed slag storage bin.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention aims at the existing problems, and provides a thermal conversion recovery method for retired fan blades, which is simple to operate and easy to realize, and can efficiently realize the thermal conversion recovery and utilization of all components of retired fan blades. Referring to FIG. 1, the method for recovering heat of the retired fan blade comprises the following steps: firstly, cutting retired blades into specific sizes; step two, feeding the cut retired blade into a conveying chain plate of a conveyor at a certain frequency; step three, the retired blade is sent into a sealing feeder by using the conveyor, an inlet and an outlet of the sealing feeder are closed, then compressed nitrogen is introduced into the sealing feeder for purging until the oxygen concentration in the sealing feeder is detected to be lower than a certain value, and the introduction of nitrogen is stopped; opening a discharge gate of the sealed feeder, sending the retired blades into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, controlling pyrolysis temperature and residence time of the retired blades in the pyrolysis furnace, and sending pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis into an incinerator for combustion and heat generation; step five, delivering pyrolysis residues generated by pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace into a sealing conveyor, closing an inlet gate of the sealing conveyor, and introducing nitrogen to the sealing conveyor for purging until the concentration of combustible gas in the sealing conveyor is lower than a set value, and stopping introducing nitrogen; step six, opening a discharge gate of the sealing conveyor, conveying the pyrolysis residues to a low-temperature oxidation furnace, opening a cooling fan of the low-temperature oxidation furnace, introducing air into the low-temperature oxidation furnace, controlling the temperature in the low-temperature oxidation furnace and the residence time of the pyrolysis residues in the furnace, and directly introducing flue gas generated by combustion into the incinerator to further burn and remove unburnt organic matters; and step seven, conveying the pyrolysis residues subjected to low-temperature oxidation to a cooling discharging machine, cooling the pyrolysis residues in the cooling discharging machine, wherein the cooled solid matters are the recycled fibers, and directly introducing air heated in the cooling discharging machine into the incinerator to serve as combustion air.
Therefore, the heat conversion recovery method of the retired fan blade can effectively avoid the damage of the fiber structure of the blade caused by crushing, and is beneficial to ensuring the quality of recovered fibers. According to the invention, through the special design of feeding and discharging and the opening and closing of the isolation door, the gas is replaced, the mutual transmission and mixing among the outside air, the pyrolysis furnace and the low-temperature oxidation furnace atmosphere are blocked, the temperature-control anaerobic pyrolysis of the fan blade and the low-temperature oxidation of pyrolysis residues are realized, the efficient recovery of blade fibers and the efficient thermal conversion of organic matters are realized. The pyrolysis carbon residue combustion flue gas is further introduced into the incinerator for combustion, so that on one hand, the measurement burnout removal of unburnt Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) generated by the low-temperature oxidation furnace can be ensured, on the other hand, the energy generated by the carbon residue combustion can be recovered, and the maximum recovery of the organic energy of the fan blade is realized.
The method provided by the invention is further illustrated by the following examples. If not specified, the retired blade of a wind power enterprise from which the raw materials are derived in the embodiment of the invention takes the fiber recovery rate and the steam yield as the evaluation indexes of the invention, and the calculation formula is as follows:
fiber recovery = recovered fiber mass/fiber mass in the feedstock x 100% (1)
Steam yield = steam mass/feedstock mass (kg/kg) (2)
To further illustrate the method of the present invention, embodiments also provide a schematic structural diagram of main core devices of the method, including a sealing feeder, a pyrolysis furnace and a low-temperature oxidation furnace, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, but not limited thereto; the specific using method comprises the following steps: opening the inlet gate 1, conveying blades cut into a certain size to the conveying chain plate 3, closing the inlet gate 1, introducing nitrogen into the sealing feeder through the nitrogen purging port 4, when detecting that the oxygen concentration of the sealing feeder is lower than a set value, rapidly opening the outlet gate 6 by the outlet inlet controller 5, conveying materials to the pyrolysis chain plate 23 through the feeding port 21 and the feeding high-speed roller 22 by the conveying chain plate 3 in sequence, controlling the moving speed of the pyrolysis chain plate, continuously heating the materials to decompose the materials by the heating pipe 25 in the moving process under the driving of the pyrolysis chain plate, discharging generated pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis gas outlet 26, continuously operating the slag scraping chain plate 24, conveying the carbon residue crushed slag falling down from the furnace bottom to the slag storage bin 210 from the carbon residue outlet 29, when the set time is reached, the sealing conveyor with the same structure as the sealing feeder opens the inlet gate, the material is driven by the pyrolysis chain plate 23 and the discharging high-speed roller 28 to rapidly enter the sealing conveyor from the main material outlet 27, after the sealing conveyor is subjected to nitrogen replacement, the sealing conveyor and the feeding conveying roller 33 send the material into the oxidation chain plate 35 through the main material inlet 31, the moving speed of the oxidation chain plate 35 is controlled, the material is driven by the oxidation chain plate to move from left to right, and in the moving process, the low-temperature flue gas and cooling air respectively introduced by the flue gas air pipe 37 and the air distribution box 36 react with carbon residues in the material to enable the carbon residues to be in a smoldering state, and the temperature of the oxidation furnace maintains the set value. In addition, when the carbon residue in the residue storage bin 210 reaches a certain value, the carbon residue is discharged and sent into a low-temperature oxidation furnace through a carbon residue inlet 32 for oxidation treatment, and when the material in the low-temperature oxidation furnace reaches a set residence time, the material is discharged from a fiber outlet 39 to enter a cooling discharger under the action of an oxidation chain plate 35 and a discharging conveying roller 310, and the cooled solid is the recovered fiber; the slag falling onto the bottom of the furnace is periodically purged to a slag outlet 311 through a compressed gas purge port and discharged to a slag storage bin 312.
Example 1
Firstly, cutting retired blades into blocks with the size of 0.5mx0.5mx0.1m, sending the blocks into a sealing feeder, sending the blocks into a pyrolysis furnace after nitrogen is replaced until the oxygen concentration of the sealing feeder is lower than 4%, controlling the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace to be 500 ℃, sending the blocks into the sealing conveyor after the material stay time is 60min, opening the sealing conveyor, quickly sending the materials into a low-temperature oxidation furnace, controlling the temperature of the oxidation furnace to be 450 ℃, cooling and discharging the materials into a cold region discharger to obtain recycled fibers after the material stay time is 60min, sending pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis into an incinerator to generate high-temperature flue gas, sending one part of the pyrolysis gas into the pyrolysis furnace and the low-temperature oxidation furnace for self-heating recycling, sending the other part of the pyrolysis gas into a waste heat boiler to generate steam, spraying and dedusting after the heat exchange flue gas is completed, discharging the flue gas, and calculating the obtainable fiber recovery rate to be 98.5%, wherein the steam yield is 1.5kg/kg.
Example 2
Firstly, cutting retired blades into blocks with the size of 1.0mx0.8mx0.1m, sending the blocks into a sealing feeder, sending the blocks into a pyrolysis furnace after nitrogen is replaced until the oxygen concentration of the sealing feeder is lower than 3%, controlling the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace to be 520 ℃, sending the blocks into the sealing conveyor after the material stay time is 30min, opening the sealing conveyor, quickly sending the materials into a low-temperature oxidation furnace, controlling the temperature of the oxidation furnace to be 480 ℃, sending the materials into a cold region discharger to be cooled and discharged after the material stay time is 50min, obtaining recycled fibers, sending pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis into an incinerator to generate high-temperature flue gas, sending one part of pyrolysis gas into the pyrolysis furnace and the low-temperature oxidation furnace for self-heating recycling, sending the other part of pyrolysis gas into a waste heat boiler to generate steam, after the heat exchange flue gas is subjected to spray dust removal and defogging, discharging the pyrolysis furnace, and calculating the fiber recovery rate to be 99.1%, wherein the steam yield is 1.6kg/kg.
Example 3
Firstly, cutting retired blades into blocks with the size of 1.5mx1.0mx0.1m, sending the blocks into a sealed feeder, after nitrogen is replaced until the oxygen concentration of the sealed feeder is lower than 3%, sending the materials into a pyrolysis furnace, controlling the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace to be 550 ℃, sending the materials into the sealed conveyor after the retention time of the materials is 40min, opening the sealed conveyor, quickly sending the materials into a low-temperature oxidation furnace, controlling the temperature of the oxidation furnace to be 500 ℃, after the retention time of the materials is 50min, sending the materials into a cold-zone discharger for cooling and discharging to obtain recovered fibers, sending pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis into an incinerator to generate high-temperature flue gas, sending one part of pyrolysis gas into the pyrolysis furnace and the low-temperature oxidation furnace for self-heating recycling, sending the other part of pyrolysis gas into a waste heat boiler to generate steam, after the heat exchange flue gas is completely sprayed and dedusted, discharging the waste heat flue gas after the retention time is 40min, and calculating to obtain the fiber recovery rate of 99.5%, wherein the steam yield is 1.7kg/kg.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The heat conversion recovery method for the retired fan blade is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, cutting retired blades into specific sizes;
step two, feeding the cut retired blade into a conveying chain plate of a conveyor at a certain frequency;
step three, the cut retired blades are sent into a sealing feeder by using the conveyor, an inlet and an outlet of the sealing feeder are closed, then compressed nitrogen is introduced into the sealing feeder for purging until the oxygen concentration in the sealing feeder is detected to be lower than a certain value, and the introduction of the nitrogen is stopped;
opening a discharge gate of the sealed feeder, feeding the decommissioned blades in the third step into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, controlling pyrolysis temperature and residence time of the decommissioned blades in the pyrolysis furnace, and feeding pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis into an incinerator for combustion and heat generation;
step five, delivering pyrolysis residues generated by pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace into a sealing conveyor, closing an inlet gate of the sealing conveyor, and introducing nitrogen to the sealing conveyor for purging until the concentration of combustible gas in the sealing conveyor is lower than a set value, and stopping introducing nitrogen;
step six, opening a discharge gate of the sealing conveyor, conveying the pyrolysis residues to a low-temperature oxidation furnace, opening a cooling fan of the low-temperature oxidation furnace, introducing air into the low-temperature oxidation furnace, controlling the temperature in the low-temperature oxidation furnace and the residence time of the pyrolysis residues in the furnace, and directly introducing flue gas generated by combustion into the incinerator to further burn and remove unburnt organic matters;
and step seven, conveying the pyrolysis residues subjected to low-temperature oxidation to a cooling discharging machine, cooling the pyrolysis residues in the cooling discharging machine, wherein the cooled solid matters are the recycled fibers, and directly introducing air heated in the cooling discharging machine into the incinerator to serve as combustion air.
2. The method for recovering heat from retired fan blades according to claim 1, wherein the specific dimensions in the first step are that the fan blade cutting dimensions satisfy: the length is less than or equal to 2m, the width is less than or equal to 1.5m, and the thickness is less than or equal to 0.1m.
3. The method for recovering heat of retired fan blades according to claim 1, wherein the certain frequency in the second step means that the time interval of feeding is 2-5min.
4. The method for recovering heat from retired fan blades according to claim 1, wherein the certain value in the third step is any value between 2% and 4%.
5. The retired fan blade heat conversion recovery method according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis furnace in the fourth step is a chain plate pyrolysis furnace or a tunnel kiln, the pyrolysis temperature is 500-600 ℃, and the residence time is 30-60min.
6. The method for recovering heat of retired fan blades according to claim 1, wherein the incinerator is provided with a dual-fuel burner or a dual-fuel burner, one fuel is pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis in the step four, and the other fuel is natural gas, coal gas, liquefied petroleum gas or diesel oil.
7. The retired fan blade heat conversion recovery process of claim 1, wherein the combustible gas in step five comprises at least one of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, ethane, ethylene, phenol, and cresol.
8. The method for recovering heat from retired fan blades according to claim 1, wherein the set value in the fifth step is 0.5% -1.5%.
9. The method for recovering heat of retired fan blades according to claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, the temperature in the low-temperature oxidation furnace is 300-600 ℃ and the residence time is 30-90min.
10. The retired fan blade heat conversion recovery process of claim 1, further comprising the step of executing within the incinerator:
s1, detecting whether a valve of a heat conversion recovery system can normally operate, closing the valve, sequentially detecting whether a sealing feeder, a pyrolysis furnace, a sealing conveyor, a low-temperature pyrolysis furnace and connecting pipelines of the sealing feeder, the pyrolysis furnace, the sealing conveyor, the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace and connecting pipelines of the sealing conveyor are well sealed, and performing air purging for at least 30min after the sealing feeder, the pyrolysis furnace, the sealing conveyor, the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace and the connecting pipelines are qualified;
s2, starting the incinerator, and preheating the pyrolysis furnace and the low-temperature oxidation furnace by utilizing flue gas generated by the incinerator until the pyrolysis furnace and the low-temperature oxidation furnace reach the set temperature and are stable for at least 30min.
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| CN117299757A (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2023-12-29 | 中鹏未来有限公司 | Recovery system and method for retired fan blades |
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