CN117084751B - Knee joint intramedullary positioning device - Google Patents
Knee joint intramedullary positioning device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117084751B CN117084751B CN202311347617.6A CN202311347617A CN117084751B CN 117084751 B CN117084751 B CN 117084751B CN 202311347617 A CN202311347617 A CN 202311347617A CN 117084751 B CN117084751 B CN 117084751B
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- guide rod
- intramedullary guide
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- 210000000629 knee joint Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 52
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 31
- 210000001185 bone marrow Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000003947 Knee Osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010029216 Nervousness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010048873 Traumatic arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004394 hip joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013150 knee replacement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000008482 osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000915 pathological change Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036285 pathological change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002967 posterior cruciate ligament Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002980 postoperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
- A61B17/1732—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires for bone breaking devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/1657—Bone breaking devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/1662—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body
- A61B17/1675—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body for the knee
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
- A61B17/1739—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body
- A61B17/1764—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body for the knee
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a knee joint intramedullary positioning device which comprises an intramedullary guide rod and a positioning plate, wherein the intramedullary guide rod penetrates through the positioning plate and is in rotary connection with the positioning plate, an intramedullary fixing mechanism is arranged outside the intramedullary guide rod and used for fixing the intramedullary guide rod at the center of a femoral marrow cavity, an adjusting mechanism is arranged between the intramedullary guide rod and the positioning plate and used for adjusting the rotation angle of the positioning plate and the intramedullary guide rod, and an angle positioning mechanism is arranged on the surface of the positioning plate and used for confirming the rotation angle of the positioning plate and the intramedullary guide rod in cooperation with an operation marking line on a femoral condyle. According to the invention, the rotation angle of the locating plate and the intramedullary guide rod is regulated by the regulating mechanism, and in the process of regulating the angle, the movable rod is driven by the driving component, so that one end of the reference line is close to the femoral condyle, and is overlapped with the operation marking line, the reference line is more convenient for medical staff to compare, and the reference line can be close to the operation marking line, so that errors caused by naked eye observation are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a knee joint intramedullary positioning device.
Background
Knee joint replacement is one of the common operation modes for clinically treating diseases such as knee osteoarthritis, traumatic arthritis and rheumatoid diseases at present, and has good postoperative effect. In the total knee replacement surgery, the end of the femur needs to be subjected to osteotomy trimming to adapt to the installation of the femoral prosthesis, wherein the most important is the osteotomy plane of the distal end face of the femur, and then the anterior and posterior osteotomies and the anterior and posterior oblique osteotomies are performed by taking the osteotomy plane as a reference, so that the intramedullary positioning device of the knee joint is required to be positioned when the distal end of the femur is subjected to the osteotomy.
The intramedullary positioning device of the knee joint typically requires drilling an opening in the end of the femur, then inserting an intramedullary pin into the femoral canal for positioning, then assembling an osteotomy guide, fitting an osteotomy module, and finally performing an osteotomy through the opening in the osteotomy module.
The rotation angle of the prosthesis needs to be confirmed during operation, at the moment, the Whiteside line and the Insal line need to be compared, because the shape of the distal femur end is irregular, and due to pathological changes, the shape of the distal femur end is more irregular, the existing knee joint intramedullary positioning device is difficult to be completely attached to the distal femur condyle end of a patient, when a gap exists between the knee joint positioning device and the distal femur condyle end of the patient, a medical staff needs to adjust the angle of the knee joint intramedullary positioning device by using naked eyes to compare the Whiteside line and the Insal line, errors are easy to generate, and the installation accuracy of the prosthesis is affected; in addition, the intramedullary pin and the femoral medullary cavity of the patient cannot be completely matched, a certain gap exists, the intramedullary pin is easy to shake at one end of the femoral medullary cavity, and the subsequent osteotomy is deviated.
Therefore, it is necessary to invent a knee intramedullary positioning device to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a knee joint intramedullary positioning device that solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a knee joint intramedullary positioning device, includes intramedullary guide arm and locating plate, intramedullary guide arm runs through the locating plate and rotates with the locating plate to be connected, intramedullary guide arm outside is provided with intramedullary fixation mechanism for fix intramedullary guide arm at femoral medullary cavity center, be provided with adjustment mechanism between intramedullary guide arm and the locating plate for adjust the rotation angle of locating plate and intramedullary guide arm, the locating plate surface is provided with angle positioning mechanism, is used for cooperating the operation marking line on the femoral condyle to confirm the rotation angle of locating plate and intramedullary guide arm.
The angle positioning mechanism comprises an observation port arranged above the positioning plate and on two sides, a reference line is arranged in the observation port, one end of the reference line is connected with the inner wall of the observation port, the other end of the reference line is connected with a movable rod, the angle positioning mechanism further comprises a driving assembly, the driving assembly is connected with the movable rod and used for driving the movable rod to be close to the femoral condyle, and the reference line is close to the operation marking line.
Preferably, the intramedullary fixing mechanism comprises two groups of external expansion claws arranged in a mirror image mode, the external expansion claws are arranged inside an intramedullary guide rod, one end of each external expansion claw is hinged to the intramedullary guide rod, one end of each intramedullary guide rod is provided with a shaft rod, one end of each shaft rod extends into the intramedullary guide rod, the shaft rod is rotationally connected with the intramedullary guide rod, two sliding blocks are sleeved outside the shaft rod and correspond to the two groups of external expansion claws respectively, a connecting rod is arranged between each sliding block and each external expansion claw, two ends of each connecting rod are hinged to the corresponding external expansion claw and each sliding block respectively, two external threads are formed in the mirror image mode outside the shaft rod, each sliding block is arranged outside the corresponding external threads, and each sliding block is in threaded connection with the corresponding external threads.
Preferably, the number of each group of external expansion claws is multiple, the external expansion claws are distributed in an annular array, and a fixed knob is arranged at one end of the shaft rod, which is far away from the intramedullary guide rod.
The ends of the two groups of external expansion claws are provided with anti-skid grooves which are respectively perpendicular to the external expansion claws and parallel to the external expansion claws.
Preferably, a grip is arranged at one end of the intramedullary guide rod, an annular groove is formed in the outer portion of the intramedullary guide rod, the outer expanding claw is arranged in the annular groove, and a protective sleeve made of silica gel is coated on the outer portion of the annular groove.
Preferably, the adjusting mechanism comprises a connecting sleeve arranged at one side of the positioning plate, the connecting sleeve is sleeved outside the intramedullary guide rod, the connecting sleeve is rotationally connected with the intramedullary guide rod, a worm wheel is fixedly sleeved outside the intramedullary guide rod, the worm wheel is arranged inside the connecting sleeve, a worm is meshed with one side of the worm wheel, the worm is arranged inside the connecting sleeve, and one end of the worm extends out of the connecting sleeve and is rotationally connected with the connecting sleeve.
Preferably, the reference wire is made of an elastic material, ensuring the tightness of the reference wire.
Preferably, two guide posts are mounted on the top of the positioning plate and used for connecting an external osteotomy guide.
Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a movable sleeve sleeved outside the connecting sleeve, the movable sleeve is in sliding connection with the connecting sleeve, the movable sleeve is hinged to one end of the movable rod, which is far away from the reference line, a guide rail is arranged outside the connecting sleeve, the movable sleeve slides along the guide rail, a trigger is arranged on one side of the handle, the trigger is in sliding connection with the handle, a connecting frame is fixedly connected on one side of the trigger, one end of the connecting frame is sleeved outside the movable sleeve, the movable sleeve is in sliding connection with the connecting frame, and a reset spring is connected between the trigger and the handle.
Preferably, the movable rod comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a limiting frame, a supporting rod and a limiting spring, wherein one end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the two end parts of the connecting rod, the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the movable sleeve, one end of the supporting rod is hinged to the middle section of the first connecting rod, the other end of the supporting rod is hinged to the locating plate, one end, far away from the first connecting rod, of the second connecting rod is connected with one end of a reference line, one end of the limiting frame is fixed to the first connecting rod, the other end of the limiting frame abuts against one side of the second connecting rod and is used for limiting the rotation angle of the second connecting rod and the first connecting rod, and the limiting spring is installed between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod.
In the technical scheme, the invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
1. the rotation angle of the locating plate and the intramedullary guide rod is adjusted through the adjusting mechanism, the movable rod is driven through the driving component in the process of angle adjustment, one end of the reference line is close to the femoral condyle, the reference line is overlapped with the operation marking line, and the reference line is more convenient for medical staff to compare.
2. The fixing knob is rotated to drive the shaft rod to rotate, two external threads outside the shaft rod drive the two sliding blocks to move in a mirror image mode, so that the two external expansion claws are driven to expand outwards, the intramedullary guide rod is supported and fixed, the device is fixedly connected with the femur of a patient, and the end portion of the intramedullary guide rod can be prevented from shaking inside the femoral intramedullary cavity.
3. The external part of the external expansion claw is sleeved with the protective sleeve, so that the opening on the intramedullary guide rod is shielded, the bone marrow inside the intramedullary cavity is prevented from entering the intramedullary guide rod internal structure, the bone marrow is prevented from being carried out, the intramedullary guide rod can be cleaned more conveniently after the operation is finished, the operation safety can be improved, and the risk of complications caused by the sanitary problem is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings for a person having ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a positioning plate end of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of an intramedullary rod end of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of the intramedullary fixation mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of an adjustment mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the driving assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a partial mating structure of the driving assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the movable rod of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. an intramedullary guide rod; 2. a positioning plate; 3. an intramedullary fixation mechanism; 4. an angle positioning mechanism; 5. an adjusting mechanism;
41. an observation port; 42. a reference line; 43. a movable rod; 44. a drive assembly; 45. a guide post;
31. an outer expanding claw; 32. a shaft lever; 33. a slide block; 34. an external thread; 35. a connecting rod; 36. fixing a knob;
11. a grip; 12. an annular groove; 13. a protective sleeve;
51. connecting sleeves; 52. a worm wheel; 53. a worm;
441. a movable sleeve; 443. a guide rail; 444. a trigger; 445. a connecting frame; 446. a return spring;
431. a first connecting rod; 432. a second connecting rod; 433. a limiting frame; 434. a support rod; 435. and a limit spring.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The invention provides a knee joint intramedullary positioning device as shown in figures 1-3, which comprises an intramedullary guide rod 1 and a positioning plate 2, wherein the intramedullary guide rod 1 penetrates through the positioning plate 2 and is in rotary connection with the positioning plate 2, an intramedullary fixing mechanism 3 is arranged outside the intramedullary guide rod 1 and is used for fixing the intramedullary guide rod 1 at the center of a femoral marrow cavity, an adjusting mechanism 5 is arranged between the intramedullary guide rod 1 and the positioning plate 2 and is used for adjusting the rotation angle of the positioning plate 2 and the intramedullary guide rod 1, and an angle positioning mechanism 4 is arranged on the surface of the positioning plate 2 and is used for confirming the rotation angle of the positioning plate 2 and the intramedullary guide rod 1 in cooperation with a surgical marking line on a femoral condyle.
Before performing an operation, marking and punching are needed to be performed on the distal femur end of a patient, wherein the punching position is 1.0-1.5cm in front of an attachment point of a posterior cruciate ligament, namely, the intersection point of a Whiteside line and an Insal line, and the marrow cavity is opened along the marrow cavity direction of the femur in the punching direction, wherein the Whiteside line is the deepest connecting line between femoral condyles, namely, the anterior and posterior phase axes of the femur, and the Insal line is the connecting line between the medial and lateral condyles of the femur.
In addition, it should be noted that, the intramedullary positioning device of the knee joint needs to be used in cooperation with the osteotomy module and the osteotomy guide, because of the existence of the hip joint, the insertion angle of the intramedullary guide rod 1 coincides with the anatomical axis of the femur, and forms a certain degree of included angle with the mechanical axis of the femur, and the osteotomy guide needs to be connected between the osteotomy module and the intramedullary positioning device of the knee joint to balance the deviation between the anatomical axis of the femur and the mechanical axis, so that after the distal end of the femur is osteotomy, the osteotomy plane forms a certain included angle with the anatomical axis of the femur.
The intramedullary guide rod 1 penetrates through the locating plate 2 and is in rotary connection with the locating plate, the diameter of the intramedullary guide rod 1 is equal to the bore diameter of a femoral drill hole, the intramedullary guide rod 1 can be fixed in a femoral cavity of a patient by being matched with an intramedullary fixing mechanism 3 outside the intramedullary guide rod 1, then the rotation angle of the locating plate 2 and the intramedullary guide rod 1 is adjusted through an adjusting mechanism 5, and the locating plate 2 is located by contrasting operation marking lines on femoral condyles, namely a Whiteside line and an Insal line.
The angle positioning mechanism 4 comprises an observation port 41 arranged above and on two sides of the positioning plate 2, a reference line 42 is arranged in the observation port 41, one end of the reference line 42 is connected with the inner wall of the observation port 41, the other end of the reference line 42 is connected with a movable rod 43, the angle positioning mechanism 4 further comprises a driving assembly 44, the driving assembly 44 is connected with the movable rod 43 and used for driving the movable rod 43 to be close to the femoral condyle, and the reference line 42 is close to the operation marking line.
The arrangement of the observation port 41 can conveniently contrast the reference line 42 with the operation marking line, and because the shape of the end part of the femoral condyle is irregular and various lesions are associated, the positioning plate 2 is difficult to be attached to the end part of the femoral condyle, the interval is easy to generate, and the driving assembly 44 and the movable rod 43 have the functions of enabling one end of the reference line 42 to be close to the femoral condyle, enabling the end of the reference line 42 to be overlapped with the operation marking line, facilitating the comparison of medical staff and avoiding errors.
The implementation mode specifically comprises the following steps: before use, firstly, mark out Whiteside line and Insal line at femoral condyle terminal surface, drill hole in Whiteside line and Insal line's crossing point position, open femoral marrow cavity, then insert intramedullary guide arm 1 along drilling position in femoral marrow cavity inside, make locating plate 2 support on femoral condyle, later fix intramedullary guide arm 1 through intramedullary fixation mechanism 3, then adjust the rotation angle of locating plate 2 and intramedullary guide arm 1 through adjustment mechanism 5, in the in-process of angle adjustment, drive movable rod 43 through drive assembly 44, make reference line 42 one end press close to femoral condyle, make it coincide with the operation mark line, more make things convenient for medical personnel to compare, make medical personnel can carry out angle adjustment fast, and can avoid producing the error.
Example two
Based on the intramedullary fixation mechanism 3 proposed in embodiment one, the present invention provides a further solution as shown in fig. 1-4.
The intramedullary fixation mechanism 3 comprises two groups of external expansion claws 31 which are arranged in a mirror image mode, the external expansion claws 31 are arranged inside the intramedullary guide rod 1, one end of each external expansion claw 31 is hinged to the intramedullary guide rod 1, one end of each intramedullary guide rod 1 is provided with a shaft rod 32, one end of each shaft rod 32 extends into the intramedullary guide rod 1, each shaft rod 32 is rotationally connected with the intramedullary guide rod 1, two sliding blocks 33 are sleeved outside each shaft rod 32, the two sliding blocks 33 respectively correspond to the two groups of external expansion claws 31, a connecting rod 35 is arranged between each sliding block 33 and each external expansion claw 31, two ends of each connecting rod 35 are respectively hinged to the corresponding external expansion claw 31 and each sliding block 33, two external threads 34 are formed in the outer mirror image mode of each shaft rod 32, each sliding block 33 is arranged outside each external thread 34, and each sliding block 33 is in threaded connection with each external thread 34.
It should be noted that, the initial state of the external expansion claw 31 is that the external expansion claw 31 is stored in the intramedullary guide rod 1, so as to avoid the obstruction when being inserted into the intramedullary cavity of the femur, wherein, one end of the external expansion claw 31 is hinged with the intramedullary guide rod 1, while the other end can be expanded outwards, so as to be propped against the inner wall of the intramedullary guide rod 1 of the femur, thus preventing the intramedullary guide rod 1 from shaking due to the mismatch with the intramedullary cavity of the femur, the shaft lever 32 has the function of driving the two sliding blocks 33 in threaded connection with the intramedullary guide rod 1 to move through rotation, further driving the two sliding blocks 33 to drive the two groups of external expansion claws 31 to spread outwards through the connecting rod 35, supporting and fixing the intramedullary guide rod 1, and driving the two sliding blocks 33 to move in mirror image mode through the two external threads 34 arranged to enable the two groups of external expansion claws 31 to move relatively, so as to avoid the two groups of external expansion claws 31 to drive the intramedullary guide rod 1 to move when spreading.
The number of each group of the external expansion claws 31 is multiple, the external expansion claws 31 are distributed in an annular array, and a fixed knob 36 is arranged at one end of the shaft lever 32 far away from the intramedullary guide rod 1.
The shaft 32 can be rotated more conveniently by the fixing knob 36 mounted at one end of the shaft 32, and the plurality of external expansion claws 31 are annularly arranged, so that the intramedullary guide rod 1 can be positioned at the center of the femoral medullary cavity when one group of external expansion claws 31 is unfolded against the inner wall of the femoral medullary cavity.
The ends of the two groups of external expansion claws 31 are provided with anti-skid grooves which are respectively perpendicular to the external expansion claws 31 and parallel to the external expansion claws 31.
The two sets of anti-slip grooves are used for respectively preventing the intramedullary guide rod 1 from slipping in the axial direction and the radial direction through the two sets of external expansion claws 31, so that the intramedullary guide rod 1 is prevented from being limited and sliding in the femoral intramedullary cavity is avoided.
The handle 11 is installed to one end of intramedullary rod 1, annular channel 12 has been seted up to intramedullary rod 1 outside, outer expanding claw 31 sets up in annular channel 12 inside, the outside cladding of annular channel 12 has the lag 13 of silica gel material.
Wherein, the lag 13 is sleeved outside the expanding claw 31 to shield the opening of the intramedullary guide rod 1, so as to prevent the bone marrow inside the intramedullary cavity from entering the internal structure of the intramedullary guide rod 1, avoid the bone marrow from being carried out, and more conveniently clean the intramedullary guide rod 1 after the operation is finished.
When the intramedullary guide rod 1 is inserted, the grip 11 is downwards inserted into the femoral bone marrow cavity from the opening at the distal end of the femur, and the positioning plate 2 can be basically positioned during insertion, so that subsequent adjustment is convenient, and the protective sleeve 13 made of the silica gel material has strong expansion and contraction capability, can expand and contract along with the expansion of the outer expansion claw 31, and cannot block the expansion of the outer expansion claw 31.
The implementation mode specifically comprises the following steps: when the device is used, firstly, the intramedullary guide rod 1 is inserted into a femoral intramedullary cavity from a femoral distal end opening, after the intramedullary guide rod 1 is inserted, the fixing knob 36 is rotated to drive the shaft lever 32 to rotate, and the two external threads 34 outside the shaft lever 32 drive the two sliding blocks 33 to move in a mirror image manner, so that the two external expansion claws 31 are driven to expand outwards, the intramedullary guide rod 1 is supported and fixed, and the device is connected and fixed with a femur of a patient.
Example III
Based on the adjusting mechanism 5 and the angular positioning mechanism 4 proposed in the first embodiment, the present invention provides a further solution as shown in fig. 5-8.
The adjusting mechanism 5 comprises a connecting sleeve 51 arranged on one side of the locating plate 2, the connecting sleeve 51 is sleeved outside the intramedullary guide rod 1, the connecting sleeve 51 is rotationally connected with the intramedullary guide rod 1, a worm wheel 52 is fixedly sleeved outside the intramedullary guide rod 1, the worm wheel 52 is arranged inside the connecting sleeve 51, a worm 53 is meshed on one side of the worm wheel 52, the worm 53 is arranged inside the connecting sleeve 51, and one end of the worm 53 extends out of the connecting sleeve 51 and is rotationally connected with the connecting sleeve 51.
The worm 53 is mounted on the locating plate 2 through the connecting sleeve 51, the worm wheel 52 is fixed on the outer portion of the intramedullary guide rod 1, and when the worm 53 is rotated, the worm wheel 52 can be driven to rotate, however, the worm wheel 52 and the intramedullary guide rod 1 are fixed on the femur, so that the worm 53 rotates around the worm wheel 52, and the locating plate 2 is driven to rotate through the connecting sleeve 51, and the position of the locating plate 2 is adjusted.
Two guide posts 45 are arranged at the top of the locating plate 2 and are used for connecting an external osteotomy guide.
After confirming the position of the positioning plate 2, the external osteotomy guide may be connected to the two guide posts 45 mounted on the top of the positioning plate 2, and the osteotomy module may be connected to the osteotomy guide for use.
The driving assembly 44 comprises a movable sleeve 441 sleeved outside the connecting sleeve 51, the movable sleeve 441 is in sliding connection with the connecting sleeve 51, the movable sleeve 441 is hinged to one end of the movable rod 43, which is far away from the reference line 42, a guide rail 443 is arranged outside the connecting sleeve 51, the movable sleeve 441 slides along the guide rail 443, a trigger 444 is arranged on one side of the grip 11, the trigger 444 is in sliding connection with the grip 11, a connecting frame 445 is fixedly connected on one side of the trigger 444, one end of the connecting frame 445 is sleeved outside the movable sleeve 441, the movable sleeve 441 is in sliding connection with the connecting frame 445, and a reset spring 446 is connected between the trigger 444 and the grip 11.
The movable sleeve 441 slides outside the connecting sleeve 51 and is limited by the guide rail 443 to prevent rotation, the trigger 444 is connected with the movable sleeve 441 by the connecting frame 445, the movable sleeve 441 can be driven to move by pulling the trigger 444, and the movable sleeve 441 is driven to reset by matching with the reset spring 446, so that the movable sleeve 441 is quickly reset, the movable sleeve 441 is hinged with one end of the movable rod 43 to drive the reference line 42 at one end of the movable rod 43, the reference line 42 is close to the operation marking line at the distal end of the femur of the patient, and the medical staff can hold the handle 11 by one hand and pull the trigger 444 to quickly compare the reference line 42 with the operation marking line, and the angle of the positioning plate 2 is adjusted by rotating the worm 53 by the other hand to align the reference line 42 with the operation marking line.
In addition, the connecting frame 445 is connected to the intramedullary rod 1 through the trigger 444, and the movable sleeve 441 is connected to the positioning plate 2 through the connecting sleeve 51, so that the intramedullary rod 1 and the positioning plate 2 can be rotatably connected, and therefore, the connecting frame 445 is sleeved outside the movable sleeve 441, so that the movable sleeve 441 can be driven to axially move, and the movable sleeve 441 can be deflected to slide inside the connecting frame 445.
The movable rod 43 comprises a first connecting rod 431, a second connecting rod 432, a limiting frame 433, a supporting rod 434 and a limiting spring 435, wherein one end of the first connecting rod 431 is hinged with the end part of the second connecting rod 432, the other end of the first connecting rod 431 is hinged with the movable sleeve 441, one end of the supporting rod 434 is hinged with the middle section of the first connecting rod 431, the other end of the supporting rod 434 is hinged with the locating plate 2, one end, far away from the first connecting rod 431, of the second connecting rod 432 is connected with one end of the reference line 42, one end of the limiting frame 433 is fixed on the first connecting rod 431, the other end of the limiting frame 433 abuts against one side of the second connecting rod 432 and is used for limiting the rotation angle of the second connecting rod 432 and the first connecting rod 431, and the limiting spring 435 is installed between the first connecting rod 431 and the second connecting rod 432.
The first link 431 and the second link 432 are hinged and limited by a limiting frame 433 connected between the first link 431 and the second link 432, so that the second link 432 can only rotate towards the direction away from the handle 11, and the second link 432 can rotate after a certain pressure is applied by a limiting spring 435 arranged between the first link 431 and the second link 432, when the trigger 444 is triggered to move, one end of the first link 431 is driven to approach the trigger 444, so that the first link 431 rotates around the supporting rod 434, and the other end of the second link 432 is driven to approach the distal end of the femur of the patient with reference to the line 42, and due to the fact that three movable rods 43 are arranged, the three second links 432 cannot simultaneously contact the distal end of the femur, at this time, the second link 432 can rotate, and the three second links 432 can smoothly abut against the distal end of the femur.
By providing the stopper 433, the second link 432 is prevented from rotating in a direction approaching the reference line 42, so that the reference line 42 is kept tight.
The reference wire 42 is made of elastic materials, so that the reference wire 42 is kept tight, the elastic materials are more beneficial to keeping the tight state of the reference wire 42, and the reference wire 42 is kept tight by matching with the limiting frame 433, so that the reference wire 42 can be more attached to the distal femur and is not easy to loosen.
The implementation mode specifically comprises the following steps: when the intramedullary guide rod 1 is used, the intramedullary guide rod 1 is inserted into the femoral bone marrow cavity and fixed, then a medical staff can hold the handle 11 with one hand and pull the trigger 444 to drive the movable sleeve 441 to move, so that the movable sleeve can drive the first connecting rod 431 to rotate around the supporting rod 434, further drive the other end reference line 42 of the second connecting rod 432 to be close to the distal femur of a patient, the reference line 42 can be quickly close to the distal femur and compared with a surgical marking line, and the angle of the positioning plate 2 is adjusted by rotating the worm 53 with the other hand to align the reference line 42 with the surgical marking line.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that modifications may be made to the described embodiments in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive of the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The knee joint intramedullary positioning device comprises an intramedullary guide rod (1) and a positioning plate (2), and is characterized in that: the intramedullary guide rod (1) penetrates through the locating plate (2) and is rotationally connected with the locating plate (2), an intramedullary fixing mechanism (3) is arranged outside the intramedullary guide rod (1) and used for fixing the intramedullary guide rod (1) at the center of a femoral marrow cavity, an adjusting mechanism (5) is arranged between the intramedullary guide rod (1) and the locating plate (2) and used for adjusting the rotation angle of the locating plate (2) and the intramedullary guide rod (1), and an angle locating mechanism (4) is arranged on the surface of the locating plate (2) and used for confirming the rotation angle of the locating plate (2) and the intramedullary guide rod (1) in cooperation with a femoral condyle operation marking line;
the angle positioning mechanism (4) comprises observation ports (41) formed in the upper portion and the two sides of the positioning plate (2), a reference line (42) is arranged in the observation ports (41), one end of the reference line (42) is connected with the inner wall of the observation ports (41), the other end of the reference line (42) is connected with a movable rod (43), the angle positioning mechanism (4) further comprises a driving assembly (44), the driving assembly (44) is connected with the movable rod (43) and used for driving the movable rod (43) to be close to the femoral condyles, and the reference line (42) is close to an operation marking line;
the adjusting mechanism (5) comprises a connecting sleeve (51) arranged on one side of the positioning plate (2), the connecting sleeve (51) is sleeved outside the intramedullary guide rod (1), and the connecting sleeve (51) is rotationally connected with the intramedullary guide rod (1);
the intramedullary guide rod (1) is characterized in that a grip (11) is arranged at one end of the intramedullary guide rod (1), the driving assembly (44) comprises a movable sleeve (441) sleeved outside the connecting sleeve (51), the movable sleeve (441) is in sliding connection with the connecting sleeve (51), the movable sleeve (441) is hinged with one end of the movable rod (43) far away from the reference line (42), a guide rail (443) is arranged outside the connecting sleeve (51), the movable sleeve (441) slides along the guide rail (443), a trigger (444) is arranged on one side of the grip (11), the trigger (444) is in sliding connection with the grip (11), a connecting frame (445) is fixedly connected to one side of the trigger (444), one end of the connecting frame (445) is sleeved outside the movable sleeve (441), the movable sleeve (441) is in sliding connection with the connecting frame (445), and a reset spring (446) is connected between the trigger (444) and the grip (11);
the movable rod (43) comprises a first connecting rod (431), a second connecting rod (432), a limiting frame (433), a supporting rod (434) and a limiting spring (435), one end of the first connecting rod (431) is hinged to the end portion of the second connecting rod (432), the other end of the first connecting rod (431) is hinged to a movable sleeve (441), one end of the supporting rod (434) is hinged to the middle section of the first connecting rod (431), the other end of the supporting rod (434) is hinged to a locating plate (2), one end, far away from the first connecting rod (431), of the second connecting rod (432) is connected with one end of a reference line (42), one end of the limiting frame (433) is fixed to the first connecting rod (431), the other end of the limiting frame (433) abuts against one side of the second connecting rod (432) and is used for limiting the rotation angle of the second connecting rod (432) and the first connecting rod (431), and the limiting spring (435) is installed between the first connecting rod (431) and the second connecting rod (435).
2. A knee intramedullary positioning device of claim 1, wherein: the intramedullary fixing mechanism (3) comprises two groups of external expansion claws (31) which are arranged in a mirror image mode, the external expansion claws (31) are arranged inside an intramedullary guide rod (1), one end of each external expansion claw (31) is hinged to the intramedullary guide rod (1), one end of each intramedullary guide rod (1) is provided with a shaft rod (32), one end of each shaft rod (32) extends into the intramedullary guide rod (1), the shaft rods (32) are rotationally connected with the intramedullary guide rod (1), two sliding blocks (33) are sleeved outside the shaft rods (32), the two sliding blocks (33) respectively correspond to the two groups of external expansion claws (31), a connecting rod (35) is arranged between each sliding block (33) and each external expansion claw (31), two ends of each connecting rod (35) are respectively hinged to the corresponding external expansion claw (31) and each sliding block (33), two external threads (34) are formed in a mirror image mode outside the shaft rods (32), and the sliding blocks (33) are arranged outside the external threads (34), and the sliding blocks (33) are connected with the external threads (34).
3. A knee intramedullary positioning device of claim 2, wherein: the number of each group of external expansion claws (31) is multiple, the external expansion claws (31) are distributed in an annular array, and a fixed knob (36) is arranged at one end of the shaft lever (32) far away from the intramedullary guide rod (1);
the ends of the two groups of external expansion claws (31) are provided with anti-skid grooves which are respectively perpendicular to the external expansion claws (31) and parallel to the external expansion claws (31).
4. A knee intramedullary positioning device of claim 2, wherein: an annular groove (12) is formed in the outer portion of the intramedullary guide rod (1), the outer expanding claw (31) is arranged in the annular groove (12), and a protective sleeve (13) made of silica gel is coated on the outer portion of the annular groove (12).
5. The intramedullary positioning device of claim 4, wherein: the intramedullary guide rod (1) is characterized in that a worm wheel (52) is fixedly sleeved outside the intramedullary guide rod (1), the worm wheel (52) is arranged inside the connecting sleeve (51), a worm (53) is meshed with one side of the worm wheel (52), the worm (53) is arranged inside the connecting sleeve (51), and one end of the worm (53) extends out of the connecting sleeve (51) and is rotationally connected with the connecting sleeve (51).
6. A knee intramedullary positioning device of claim 1, wherein: the reference wire (42) is made of an elastic material, ensuring the tightness of the reference wire (42).
7. A knee intramedullary positioning device of claim 1, wherein: two guide posts (45) are arranged at the top of the locating plate (2) and are used for being connected with an external osteotomy guide.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311347617.6A CN117084751B (en) | 2023-10-18 | 2023-10-18 | Knee joint intramedullary positioning device |
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| CN202311347617.6A CN117084751B (en) | 2023-10-18 | 2023-10-18 | Knee joint intramedullary positioning device |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202920321U (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-05-08 | 北京市春立正达医疗器械股份有限公司 | Intramedullary positioner |
| CN206080622U (en) * | 2016-06-26 | 2017-04-12 | 孔杰 | Adjuster for bone is cut in joint |
| CN111297436A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-19 | 北京市春立正达医疗器械股份有限公司 | Knee joint intramedullary positioner |
| CN211433243U (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-09-08 | 江苏澳格姆生物科技有限公司 | Knee joint intramedullary positioner |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1395112B1 (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2012-09-05 | Agueci | DISTRACTOR DEVICE FOR JOINTS |
| US11497510B2 (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2022-11-15 | Austofix Group Limited | Electromagnetic intramedullary nail screw positioning system |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202920321U (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-05-08 | 北京市春立正达医疗器械股份有限公司 | Intramedullary positioner |
| CN206080622U (en) * | 2016-06-26 | 2017-04-12 | 孔杰 | Adjuster for bone is cut in joint |
| CN211433243U (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-09-08 | 江苏澳格姆生物科技有限公司 | Knee joint intramedullary positioner |
| CN111297436A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-19 | 北京市春立正达医疗器械股份有限公司 | Knee joint intramedullary positioner |
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