CN117080500A

CN117080500A - Method and device for detecting failure of fuel cell stack

Info

Publication number: CN117080500A
Application number: CN202311153890.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卜德刚; 朱晓春; 傅鹏; 曹孟雪; 冯梦; 陈祥彬; 赵晓航
Original assignee: Weichai Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: Weichai Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-09-07
Filing date: 2023-09-07
Publication date: 2023-11-17

Abstract

The application provides a fault detection method and a fault detection device for a fuel cell stack, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the voltage of an inlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of first voltages, and acquiring the voltage of an outlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of second voltages; performing predetermined processing on the plurality of first voltages to obtain a first processing voltage, and performing predetermined processing on the plurality of second voltages to obtain a second processing voltage, wherein the predetermined processing comprises one of the following steps: calculating an average value and a standard deviation; determining the type of the fault according to the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage; and determining a corresponding strategy for adjusting the parameters of the gas entering the stack according to the type of the fault, and executing the strategy to eliminate the fault, wherein the gas entering the stack is the gas entering the fuel cell stack. The method solves the problem that the fault type of the fuel cell stack cannot be accurately identified in the prior art.

Description

Method and device for detecting failure of fuel cell stack

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of fuel cells, and more particularly, to a failure detection method of a fuel cell stack, a failure detection apparatus of a fuel cell stack, and a computer-readable storage medium.

Background

The state of health of the fuel cells is primarily reflected in the cell voltage, which refers to the voltage value of the individual fuel cells in the fuel cell stack. The cell voltage of the fuel cell may change due to factors such as bad operating conditions such as overdry, and gas deficiency, and mechanical damage. Although the control function and accuracy of the fuel cell system have been greatly improved, the occurrence of the above-mentioned abnormality cannot be completely avoided.

However, the prior art does not accurately identify the type of fuel cell stack failure.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a fault detection method of a fuel cell stack, a fault detection device of the fuel cell stack and a computer readable storage medium, so as to at least solve the problem that the fault type of the fuel cell stack cannot be accurately identified in the prior art.

According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a fault detection method of a fuel cell stack including a plurality of fuel cells, the method comprising: an acquisition step of acquiring voltages of an inlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of first voltages, and acquiring voltages of an outlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of second voltages; a processing step of performing predetermined processing on the plurality of first voltages to obtain a first processing voltage, and performing the predetermined processing on the plurality of second voltages to obtain a second processing voltage, wherein the predetermined processing includes one of the following steps: calculating an average value and a standard deviation; a first determining step of determining a type of fault according to the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage, wherein the type of fault comprises: film dry failure, flooding failure, hydrogen starvation failure; a second determining step, according to the type of the fault, determining a corresponding strategy for adjusting the in-pile gas parameter and executing the strategy to eliminate the fault, wherein the in-pile gas parameter comprises at least one of the following components: relative humidity, volume, and metering ratio, the in-stack gas is the gas that enters the fuel cell stack.

Optionally, in the case that the predetermined process is calculating an average value, determining the type of the fault according to the first process voltage and the second process voltage includes: calculating the absolute value of the difference value between the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage to obtain the absolute value of the difference value; and determining the type of the fault as the dry fault in the case that the absolute value of the difference is larger than a first threshold.

Optionally, in the case that the predetermined process is calculating a standard deviation, determining the type of the fault according to the first process voltage and the second process voltage includes: calculating the absolute value of the difference value between the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage to obtain the absolute value of the difference value; and under the condition that the absolute value of the difference value is larger than a second threshold value, determining the type of the fault as the flooding fault.

Optionally, in the case that the predetermined process is calculating a standard deviation, determining the type of the fault according to the first process voltage and the second process voltage includes: and determining the type of the fault as the hydrogen starvation fault under the condition that the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage are respectively larger than a third threshold value.

Optionally, the second determining step includes: in the event that the type of failure is the film dry failure, the strategy includes at least one of: increasing the relative humidity, decreasing the volume, and decreasing the metering ratio; in the event that the type of fault is the flooding fault, the strategy includes at least one of: decreasing the relative humidity and increasing the volume; in the event that the type of fault is the hydrogen starvation fault, the strategy includes at least one of: increasing the volume and increasing the metering ratio.

Optionally, obtaining the voltage at the inlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of first voltages includes: acquiring a plurality of inlet voltages, wherein the inlet voltages are voltages of inlets of the fuel cell; determining whether the entry voltage is an invalid voltage, wherein the invalid voltage is a voltage that does not satisfy a condition of the predetermined process; removing the inlet voltage under the condition that the inlet voltage is the invalid voltage, wherein the rest inlet voltage is the first voltage; obtaining a voltage at an outlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of second voltages, including: acquiring a plurality of outlet voltages, wherein the outlet voltages are voltages of outlets of the fuel cell; determining whether the outlet voltage is the inactive voltage; and eliminating the outlet voltage under the condition that the outlet voltage is the invalid voltage, wherein the rest outlet voltages are the second voltages.

Optionally, determining whether the inlet voltage or the outlet voltage is the inactive voltage includes at least one of: determining that the inlet voltage is the invalid voltage if the inlet voltage is zero within a predetermined period of time; determining that the outlet voltage is the invalid voltage if the outlet voltage is zero within the predetermined period of time; the inlet voltage is determined to be the invalid voltage under the condition that a first average voltage in the preset time period is smaller than a first voltage threshold value; and the outlet voltage is determined to be the invalid voltage under the condition that the second average voltage in the preset time period is smaller than a second voltage threshold value.

Optionally, the second determining step includes: executing a corresponding strategy for adjusting the stacking gas parameters once, and determining whether the fault is eliminated; in the case where the failure is not eliminated, the acquiring step, the processing step, and the first determining step are sequentially repeated at least once until a predetermined number of times is reached or the failure is eliminated.

According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a failure detection apparatus of a fuel cell stack including a plurality of fuel cells, the apparatus comprising: an acquisition unit, configured to acquire voltages at an inlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of first voltages, and acquire voltages at an outlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of second voltages; a processing unit, configured to perform a predetermined process on the plurality of first voltages to obtain a first processing voltage, and perform the predetermined process on the plurality of second voltages to obtain a second processing voltage, where the predetermined process includes one of: calculating an average value and a standard deviation; a first determining unit, configured to determine a type of a fault according to the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage, where the type of the fault includes: film dry failure, flooding failure, hydrogen starvation failure; and a second determining unit, configured to determine, according to the type of the fault, a corresponding strategy for adjusting the stacking gas parameter and execute the strategy to eliminate the fault, where the stacking gas parameter includes at least one of: relative humidity, volume, and metering ratio, the in-stack gas is the gas that enters the fuel cell stack.

According to still another aspect of the present application, there is provided a computer readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein the program when run controls a device in which the computer readable storage medium is located to perform any one of the methods.

By applying the technical scheme of the application, the application provides a fault detection method of a fuel cell stack, which comprises the steps of firstly, obtaining voltages at an inlet of a fuel cell to obtain a plurality of first voltages, and obtaining voltages at an outlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of second voltages; and performing preset processing on the first voltages to obtain first processing voltages, and performing preset processing on the second voltages to obtain second processing voltages, wherein the preset processing comprises one of the following steps: calculating an average value and a standard deviation; then, determining the type of the fault according to the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage; and finally, determining a corresponding strategy for adjusting the parameters of the gas entering the stack according to the type of the fault, and executing the strategy to eliminate the fault, wherein the gas entering the stack is the gas entering the fuel cell stack. According to the fault detection method of the fuel cell stack, the voltages at the two sides of the inlet and the outlet of the fuel cell stack are respectively obtained, and compared and quantitatively analyzed, so that the type of the fault of the fuel cell stack can be accurately identified. According to the type of the fault, the corresponding strategy for adjusting the in-stack gas parameters is accurately matched, so that the state of the fuel cell stack system can be corrected, further serious failure is avoided, the durability and the reliability of the electric stack are effectively improved, and the problem that the type of the fault of the fuel cell stack cannot be accurately identified in the prior art is solved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of a mobile terminal that performs a fault detection method of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a flow chart schematically showing a fault detection method of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting a dry fault of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a flooding failure detection method of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a fault detection method of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 shows a block diagram of a failure detection apparatus of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present application.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

102. a processor; 104. a memory; 106. a transmission device; 108. and an input/output device.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present application, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present application and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate in order to describe the embodiments of the application herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

For convenience of description, the following will describe some terms or terminology involved in the embodiments of the present application:

a fuel cell: a fuel cell is a device that directly converts chemical energy into electric energy, and generates electric energy using a chemical reaction between hydrogen gas as a fuel and oxygen gas as an oxidant. Fuel cells are typically composed of three parts, an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte. As hydrogen gas flows through the anode, the electrolyte breaks it down into negative electrons and positive ions. Positive ions pass through the electrolyte into the cathode, while negative electrons flow through an external circuit, forming a current. At the cathode, oxygen combines with negative electrons and positive ions to produce water and thermal energy. The fuel cell has the advantages of high efficiency, no pollution, silence and the like. Compared with the traditional combustion power generation mode, the energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell is higher, and the energy waste can be reduced.

A fuel cell stack: a fuel cell stack (hereinafter referred to as "stack") is a power supply device formed by connecting a plurality of fuel cells together in a certain manner. Each fuel cell unit is a device capable of converting chemical energy into electric energy, and by connecting a plurality of cell units together, the voltage and capacitance of a power supply can be increased, and larger electric energy output can be provided. Galvanic piles are commonly used in applications requiring large currents and stable voltages, such as electric vehicles, solar power generation systems, and the like.

As described in the background art, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, embodiments of the present application provide a fault detection method for a fuel cell stack, a fault detection device for a fuel cell stack, and a computer readable storage medium.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

The method embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present application may be performed in a mobile terminal, a computer terminal or similar computing device. Taking a mobile terminal as an example, fig. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware structure of a mobile terminal of a fault detection method of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, a mobile terminal may include one or more (only one is shown in fig. 1) processors 102 (the processor 102 may include, but is not limited to, a microprocessor MCU or a processing device such as a programmable logic device FPGA) and a memory 104 for storing data, wherein the mobile terminal may also include a transmission device 106 for communication functions and an input-output device 108. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in fig. 1 is merely illustrative and not limiting of the structure of the mobile terminal described above. For example, the mobile terminal may also include more or fewer components than shown in fig. 1, or have a different configuration than shown in fig. 1.

The memory 104 may be used to store a computer program, for example, a software program of application software and a module, such as a computer program corresponding to a fault detection method of a fuel cell stack in an embodiment of the present invention, and the processor 102 executes the computer program stored in the memory 104 to perform various functional applications and data processing, that is, to implement the above-mentioned method. Memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some examples, the memory 104 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 102, which may be connected to the mobile terminal via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof. The transmission device 106 is used to receive or transmit data via a network. Specific examples of the network described above may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider of the mobile terminal. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a network adapter (Network Interface Controller, simply referred to as NIC) that can connect to other network devices through a base station to communicate with the internet. In one example, the transmission device 106 may be a Radio Frequency (RF) module, which is configured to communicate with the internet wirelessly.

In the present embodiment, a fault detection method of a fuel cell stack operating on a mobile terminal, a computer terminal, or a similar arithmetic device is provided, it is to be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the drawings may be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in an order different from that here.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a fault detection method of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the method comprises the steps of:

step S201, obtaining the voltage of the inlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of first voltages, and obtaining the voltage of the outlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of second voltages;

specifically, the voltage value of each fuel cell at the inlet and the voltage value of the outlet of the electric pile can be obtained by respectively arranging two voltage inspection modules (Current Voltage Measurement, abbreviated as CVM) at the inlet and the outlet of the electric pile through the two CVM. The voltage inspection module is a device for monitoring and measuring voltage, is provided with a plurality of voltage input channels, can monitor a plurality of voltage signals simultaneously, can measure alternating current voltage and direct current voltage, and provides accurate voltage measurement results.

Step S202, a processing step, wherein a predetermined process is performed on the first voltages to obtain a first process voltage, and the predetermined process is performed on the second voltages to obtain a second process voltage, wherein the predetermined process includes one of the following steps: calculating an average value and a standard deviation;

specifically, the above-mentioned predetermined processing manner can implement quantitative analysis on the first voltage, which is the stack inlet voltage, and the second voltage, which is the stack outlet voltage, and can quickly obtain statistical distribution characteristics of the first voltage and the second voltage, respectively.

Step S203, a first determining step, determining a fault type according to the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage, where the fault type includes: film dry failure, flooding failure, hydrogen starvation failure;

in particular, since the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage have their respective statistical characteristics, the fault type of the stack can be determined from these quantized characteristics, respectively. Dry failure of the cell membrane may cause problems such as short circuit, capacity loss, and reduced life of the fuel cell. The flooding failure refers to a failure that the battery is not normally operated or damaged due to flooding phenomenon inside the battery. When the battery is flooded, the water in the electrolyte can cause chemical reaction in the battery to be blocked, and the performance of the battery is reduced. In addition, flooding can also cause corrosion inside the battery, further damaging the battery. The hydrogen starvation failure refers to a failure caused by an excessively high hydrogen concentration inside the cell because the hydrogen generation rate in the cell is greater than the hydrogen consumption rate. When the hydrogen concentration exceeds a certain safety range, serious consequences such as explosion or fire may be caused.

Step S204, a second determining step, determining a corresponding strategy for adjusting the stacking gas parameters according to the type of the fault and executing the strategy to eliminate the fault, wherein the stacking gas parameters comprise at least one of the following: relative humidity, volume and metering ratio, the in-stack gas is the gas that enters the fuel cell stack.

In particular, the above-mentioned pile-in gas refers to a substance for generating gas by chemical reaction in the pile, and common pile-in gas includes hydrogen and oxygen. In a fuel cell, hydrogen is fed as fuel into a stack, and undergoes oxidation-reduction reaction with oxygen to produce water and electric energy. Since the above-mentioned in-pile gas parameters can affect chemical reactions in the pile, by adjusting the above-mentioned in-pile gas parameters, it can help to solve different types of faults of pile.

Through the embodiment, a fault detection method of a fuel cell stack is provided, firstly, voltages of all fuel cells are obtained at an inlet of the fuel cell stack to obtain a plurality of first voltages, and voltages of all the fuel cells are obtained at an outlet of the fuel cell stack to obtain a plurality of second voltages; and performing preset processing on the first voltages to obtain first processing voltages, and performing preset processing on the second voltages to obtain second processing voltages, wherein the preset processing comprises one of the following steps: calculating an average value and a standard deviation; then, determining the type of the fault according to the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage; and finally, determining a corresponding strategy for adjusting the parameters of the gas entering the stack according to the type of the fault, and executing the strategy to eliminate the fault, wherein the gas entering the stack is the gas entering the fuel cell stack. According to the fault detection method of the fuel cell stack, the voltages at the two sides of the inlet and the outlet of the fuel cell stack are respectively obtained, and compared and quantitatively analyzed, so that the type of the fault of the fuel cell stack can be accurately identified. According to the type of the fault, the corresponding strategy for adjusting the in-stack gas parameters is accurately matched, so that the state of the fuel cell stack system can be corrected, further serious failure is avoided, the durability and the reliability of the electric stack are effectively improved, and the problem that the type of the fault of the fuel cell stack cannot be accurately identified in the prior art is solved.

In a specific implementation procedure, in the case where the above predetermined process is calculating an average value, as shown in fig. 3, the above step S203 may be implemented by: step S2031, calculating an absolute value of a difference between the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage to obtain a difference absolute value; in step S2032, in the case where the absolute value of the difference is greater than the first threshold, the type of the failure is determined to be the film dry failure. The method can further accurately identify whether the fault type of the fuel cell stack is a dry fault.

Specifically, an average value of the plurality of first voltages is calculated to obtain a first processing voltage, and an average value of the plurality of second voltages is calculated to obtain a second processing voltage, which is generally greater than the first processing voltage. In practice, by calculating the average value described above, the average states of the inlet voltage and the outlet voltage can be obtained. Due to the conditions of excessive purging of reaction gas or sudden increase of gas quantity caused by variable load of working conditions, etc., the phenomenon of membrane dryness occurs at the inlet side of the electric pile, and the phenomenon of membrane dryness causes the increase of resistivity, so that the heat production of the fuel cell in the operation process is increased, the energy conversion efficiency is further reduced, the membrane dryness is more serious, and the initial stage of the failure is represented as the reduction of average monolithic voltage at the inlet side of the electric pile. The occurrence of the membrane dry fault is accompanied by the decrease of the output power of the electric pile, namely the decrease of the output voltage and the output current, so that the fact that the average monolithic voltage at the inlet and the outlet of the electric pile is lower when the absolute value of the difference value is larger than a first threshold value indicates that the membrane dry fault occurs in the electric pile.

In order to further accurately identify whether the type of the fuel cell stack fault is a flooding fault, in the case where the predetermined process is to calculate a standard deviation, as shown in fig. 4, the above-described step S203 of the present application may be implemented by: step S2033, calculating the absolute value of the difference between the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage to obtain the absolute value of the difference; step S2034, determining that the type of the fault is the flooding fault if the absolute value of the difference is greater than a second threshold.

Specifically, the standard deviation of the plurality of first voltages is calculated to obtain a first processing voltage, and the standard deviation of the plurality of second voltages is calculated to obtain a second processing voltage, which is generally greater than the first processing voltage. In practice, by calculating the standard deviation, the state of difference between each of the inlet voltage and the outlet voltage can be obtained. In the operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, proton conductivity is closely related to membrane water content, and therefore, good output performance corresponds to a fully wetted proton exchange membrane. However, if the reaction product water of the fuel cell stack is not discharged in time, a flooding fault can be generated, water can accumulate on the outlet side of the fuel cell stack and submerge the electrode catalyst, the contact between the reaction gas and the catalyst is hindered, the activation loss and the concentration difference loss of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell are obviously increased, the single-chip voltage on the outlet side of the fuel cell stack is reduced, the single-chip consistency is poor, the standard deviation is increased, and even the shutdown is seriously caused. Because the electric pile can not work normally due to the flooding fault, such as the electric pile can not be started, the operation is unstable or the fault prompt occurs frequently, etc., the difference between the inlet voltage and the outlet voltage of the electric pile is larger under the condition that the absolute value of the difference is larger than the second threshold value, the operation is unstable, and the flooding fault of the electric pile is indicated.

In the case where the above-described predetermined processing is calculation of the standard deviation, the above-described step S203 may also be implemented by other means, such as: and determining the type of the fault as the hydrogen starvation fault under the condition that the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage are respectively larger than a third threshold value. The method can further accurately identify whether the fuel cell stack fault type is a hydrogen starvation fault.

Specifically, the standard deviation of the first voltages is calculated to obtain a first processing voltage, and the standard deviation of the second voltages is calculated to obtain a second processing voltage. The normal operating voltage of the fuel cell monolithic is generally below 1V, the rapid performance degradation of the carbon carrier is not caused, in the actual working condition, the corrosion of the carbon carrier is mainly caused by the reverse current phenomenon caused by the lack of anode gas, and the air accumulation area exists on the anode side of the fuel cell stack due to the insufficient hydrogen supply, so that the cathode potential difference corresponding to the area can be increased to above 1.4V, and the rapid degradation of the cathode catalyst layer is caused. At the same time, when the problem of partial gas shortage occurs in individual monolithic blocks in the electric pile, the current distribution of adjacent monolithic blocks in the region is affected, and the monolithic blocks at adjacent positions of the adjacent monolithic blocks are forced to present opposite voltage distribution at the inlet and outlet sides of the electric pile. Therefore, when the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage are respectively larger than the third threshold value, the difference value of the inlet and outlet voltages of the electric pile is larger, the operation is unstable, and the hydrogen starvation fault of the electric pile is indicated. In practical applications, the third threshold may be the same as or different from the second threshold.

In some embodiments, the step S204 may be specifically implemented by the following steps: step S2041, wherein in the case that the type of the failure is the film dry failure, the policy includes at least one of: increasing the relative humidity, decreasing the volume, and decreasing the metering ratio; in step S2042, in the case that the type of the fault is the flooding fault, the strategy includes at least one of the following: decreasing the relative humidity and increasing the volume; step S2043, in the case where the type of the fault is the hydrogen starvation fault, the policy includes at least one of: increasing the volume and increasing the metering ratio. The method can be further matched with the corresponding strategy for adjusting the in-pile gas parameters accurately, and the quick treatment of different fault types of the electric pile is realized.

Specifically, the flooding recovery strategy can adopt recovery means such as properly reducing the relative humidity of the air entering the pile and properly increasing the air entering pile volume. The membrane dry recovery strategy can adopt recovery means such as properly increasing the relative humidity of hydrogen and air entering the stack and properly reducing the air entering the stack volume or the metering ratio. The hydrogen starvation recovery strategy can adopt recovery means such as properly increasing the amount of fuel gas injected into the pile or the metering ratio.

In some embodiments, the step S201 may be specifically implemented by the following steps: step S2011, obtaining a plurality of inlet voltages, wherein the inlet voltages are voltages of an inlet of the fuel cell; step S2012 of determining whether the entry voltage is an invalid voltage, wherein the invalid voltage is a voltage that does not satisfy the condition of the predetermined process; step S2013 of eliminating the entry voltage when the entry voltage is the invalid voltage, and the remaining entry voltage is the first voltage; step S2014, obtaining a plurality of outlet voltages, wherein the outlet voltages are voltages of outlets of the fuel cell; step S2015, determining whether the outlet voltage is the invalid voltage; in step S2016, when the outlet voltage is the invalid voltage, the outlet voltage is removed, and the remaining outlet voltage is the second voltage.

Specifically, the abnormal data acquired by some CVM can be removed by the mode, so that accurate effective voltage is obtained, and the accuracy of subsequent calculation is improved.

The above step S2011 or step S2014 may also be implemented by: step S20111 of determining that the inlet voltage is the invalid voltage when the inlet voltage is zero in a predetermined period of time; step S20112 of determining that the outlet voltage is the invalid voltage when the outlet voltage is zero in the predetermined period of time; step S20113, determining that the inlet voltage is the invalid voltage when the first average voltage in the predetermined period is less than a first voltage threshold; in step S20114, when the second average voltage in the predetermined period is smaller than the second voltage threshold, the outlet voltage is determined to be the invalid voltage. The method can quickly determine whether the inlet voltage or the outlet voltage is an invalid voltage.

Specifically, in the case where the above-mentioned inlet voltage or outlet voltage is zero, there is a possibility that the CVM fails and cannot acquire the inlet voltage or outlet voltage, and therefore, the voltage cannot reflect the actual situation of the stack. In the case where the above-described inlet voltage or outlet voltage is maintained at a low voltage for a predetermined period of time, there is a possibility that CVM fails and cannot acquire the inlet voltage or outlet voltage, and therefore, the voltage does not reflect the actual situation of the stack.

In order to further save the stack energy consumption, the step S204 includes the following steps: step S2044, executing a corresponding strategy for adjusting the in-pile gas parameters once, and determining whether the fault is eliminated; step S2045, in the case where the failure is not eliminated, of sequentially repeating the acquiring step, the processing step, and the first determining step at least once until a predetermined number of times is reached or the failure is eliminated. The method can eliminate the pile faults to the greatest extent through repeatedly executing the recovery strategy for a plurality of times.

Specifically, in practical application, multiple faults may be judged to be of a certain type, and after a corresponding strategy for adjusting the parameters of the gas entering the stack is adopted, the faults are not eliminated, and in this case, it is indicated that other faults which cannot be solved by the strategy may occur in the stack, and intervention of a person skilled in the art is needed for further processing. The method can limit the times of adopting the response strategy, and prevent the energy efficiency loss caused by repeated adoption of the response strategy.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present application, the implementation procedure of the fault detection method of the fuel cell stack of the present application will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

The present embodiment relates to a specific fault detection method for a fuel cell stack, as shown in fig. 5, including the following steps:

step S1: starting the operation of the fuel cell stack, and continuously monitoring the operation state CVM of the fuel cell stack;

step S2: calculating difference and standard deviation based on a plurality of monomer voltages obtained by CVM, V ₁ 、V ₂ 、S ₁ 、S ₂ The average monolithic voltage at the inlet of the electric pile, the average monolithic voltage at the outlet of the electric pile, the standard deviation of the monolithic voltage at the inlet of the electric pile and the standard deviation of the monolithic voltage at the outlet of the electric pile are respectively;

step S3: if meeting I V ₁ -V ₂ I < M and I S ₁ -S ₂ I < N and S ₁ < N and S ₂ If the power pile is less than N, the consistency and the overall performance of the power pile are better, fault diagnosis based on CVM difference values and standard deviation is not needed, and the process is finished;

step S4: if V is not satisfied ₁ -V ₂ I < M and I S ₁ -S ₂ I < N and S ₁ < N and S ₂ If the difference is less than N, the consistency and the overall performance of the galvanic pile are poor, and fault diagnosis based on the CVM difference and the standard deviation is needed to carry out a corresponding galvanic pile performance recovery strategy;

Step S5: if N < S is satisfied ₂ -S ₁ The fact that the standard deviation difference value of the inlet and outlet of the electric pile is large is indicated, a flooding fault occurs, a flooding recovery strategy is needed to be adopted correspondingly, and recovery means such as proper reduction of the relative humidity of air entering the pile and proper improvement of the air entering pile capacity can be adopted;

step S6: if M < V is satisfied ₂ -V ₁ The fact that the average single-chip voltage difference value of the inlet and the outlet of the electric pile is large is indicated, a film dry fault occurs, a film dry recovery strategy is needed to be adopted correspondingly, and recovery means such as proper increase of relative humidity of hydrogen and air entering the pile, proper reduction of air entering the pile volume or metering ratio and the like can be adopted;

step S7: if S is satisfied ₁ > N and S ₂ N, the standard deviation of the inlet side and the outlet side of the electric pile is larger, the hydrogen starvation fault occurs, a hydrogen starvation recovery strategy is needed to be adopted correspondingly, and recovery means such as the fuel gas inlet pile amount or the metering ratio can be increased appropriately;

step S8: and A is the number of pile performance recovery times, and when the total recovery times B is greater than C, the process is ended.

The embodiment of the application also provides a fault detection device for the fuel cell stack, and the fault detection device for the fuel cell stack can be used for executing the fault detection method for the fuel cell stack. The device is used for realizing the above embodiments and preferred embodiments, and is not described in detail. As used below, the term "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. While the means described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

The following describes a fault detection apparatus for a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a failure detection apparatus of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, the apparatus includes:

an acquisition unit 10 configured to acquire voltages at an inlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of first voltages, and acquire voltages at an outlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of second voltages;

A processing unit 20, configured to perform a predetermined process on the plurality of first voltages to obtain a first processing voltage, and perform the predetermined process on the plurality of second voltages to obtain a second processing voltage, where the predetermined process includes one of: calculating an average value and a standard deviation;

A first determining unit 30, configured to determine a type of fault according to the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage, where the type of fault includes: film dry failure, flooding failure, hydrogen starvation failure;

A second determining unit 40, configured to determine, according to the type of the fault, a corresponding strategy for adjusting the in-pile gas parameter and execute the strategy to eliminate the fault, where the in-pile gas parameter includes at least one of the following: relative humidity, volume and metering ratio, the in-stack gas is the gas that enters the fuel cell stack. As an alternative to this, it is also possible,

By the embodiment, a fault detection device of a fuel cell stack is provided, an acquisition unit acquires voltages of all fuel cells at an inlet of the fuel cell stack to obtain a plurality of first voltages, and acquires voltages of all fuel cells at an outlet of the fuel cell stack to obtain a plurality of second voltages; the processing unit performs predetermined processing on the plurality of first voltages to obtain a first processing voltage, and performs predetermined processing on the plurality of second voltages to obtain a second processing voltage, wherein the predetermined processing includes one of the following steps: calculating an average value and a standard deviation; the first determining unit determines the type of the fault according to the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage; and the second determining unit determines a corresponding strategy for adjusting the parameters of the gas entering the stack according to the type of the fault and executes the strategy to eliminate the fault, wherein the gas entering the stack is the gas entering the fuel cell stack. According to the fault detection method of the fuel cell stack, the voltages at the two sides of the inlet and the outlet of the fuel cell stack are respectively obtained, and compared and quantitatively analyzed, so that the type of the fault of the fuel cell stack can be accurately identified. According to the type of the fault, the corresponding strategy for adjusting the in-stack gas parameters is accurately matched, so that the state of the fuel cell stack system can be corrected, further serious failure is avoided, the durability and the reliability of the electric stack are effectively improved, and the problem that the type of the fault of the fuel cell stack cannot be accurately identified in the prior art is solved.

In an alternative solution, in the case where the predetermined process is a calculation of an average value, as shown in fig. 3, the first determining unit includes a first calculating module and a first determining module, where the first calculating module is configured to calculate an absolute value of a difference between the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage to obtain an absolute value of the difference; the first determining module is used for determining that the type of the fault is the dry fault of the film when the absolute value of the difference value is larger than a first threshold value. The device can further accurately identify whether the fault type of the fuel cell stack is a dry fault.

Specifically, an average value of the plurality of first voltages is calculated to obtain a first processing voltage, and an average value of the plurality of second voltages is calculated to obtain a second processing voltage, which is generally greater than the first processing voltage. In practice, by calculating the average value described above, the average states of the inlet voltage and the outlet voltage can be obtained. Due to the conditions of excessive blowing of reaction gas or sudden increase of gas quantity caused by variable load of working conditions, etc., the membrane dry phenomenon occurs at the inlet side of the electric pile, and the resistivity is increased due to the membrane dry fault, so that the heat production of the fuel cell in the operation process is increased, the energy conversion efficiency is further reduced, the membrane dry fault is more serious, and the average monolithic voltage at the inlet side of the electric pile is reduced in the initial stage of the fault. The occurrence of the membrane dry fault is accompanied by the decrease of the output power of the electric pile, namely the decrease of the output voltage and the output current, so that the fact that the average monolithic voltage at the inlet and the outlet of the electric pile is lower when the absolute value of the difference value is larger than a first threshold value indicates that the membrane dry fault occurs in the electric pile.

In order to further accurately identify whether the type of the fault of the fuel cell stack is a flooding fault, in the case that the predetermined process is calculating a standard deviation, as shown in fig. 4, the first determining unit of the present application includes a second calculating module and a second determining module, where the first determining module is configured to calculate an absolute value of a difference between a first processing voltage and the second processing voltage to obtain an absolute value of the difference; the second determining module is configured to determine that the type of the fault is the flooding fault if the absolute value of the difference is greater than a second threshold.

In the case where the predetermined process is to calculate a standard deviation, the first determination unit is further configured to: and determining the type of the fault as the hydrogen starvation fault under the condition that the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage are respectively larger than a third threshold value. The method can further accurately identify whether the fuel cell stack fault type is a hydrogen starvation fault.

In some embodiments, the second determining unit includes a first processing module, a second processing module, and a third processing module, where the first processing module is configured to, in a case where the type of the fault is the film dry fault, the policy includes at least one of: increasing the relative humidity, decreasing the volume, and decreasing the metering ratio; the second processing module is configured to, in a case where the type of the fault is the flooding fault, implement at least one of the following strategies: decreasing the relative humidity and increasing the volume; the third processing module is configured to, in a case where the type of the fault is the hydrogen starvation fault, the policy includes at least one of: increasing the volume and increasing the metering ratio. The device can be further matched with a corresponding strategy for adjusting the in-pile gas parameters accurately, and the quick treatment of different fault types of the electric pile is realized.

In some embodiments, the acquiring unit includes a first acquiring module, a third determining module, a fourth processing module, a second acquiring module, a fourth determining module, and a fifth processing module, where the first acquiring module is configured to acquire a plurality of inlet voltages, where the inlet voltages are voltages of an inlet of the fuel cell; a third determination module configured to determine whether the entry voltage is an invalid voltage, wherein the invalid voltage is a voltage that does not satisfy the condition of the predetermined process; the fourth processing module is configured to reject the entry voltage when the entry voltage is the invalid voltage, and the remaining entry voltages are the first voltages; the second acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of outlet voltages, wherein the outlet voltages are voltages of outlets of the fuel cell; the fourth determining module is used for determining whether the outlet voltage is the invalid voltage; and the fifth processing module is used for eliminating the outlet voltage when the outlet voltage is the invalid voltage, and the rest outlet voltage is the second voltage. The device can further improve the accuracy of identifying the fault type of the fuel cell stack.

The third determining module comprises a first determining submodule, a second determining submodule, a third determining submodule and a fourth determining submodule, wherein the first determining submodule is used for determining that the inlet voltage is the invalid voltage when the inlet voltage is zero within a preset time period; the second determining submodule is used for determining that the outlet voltage is the invalid voltage when the outlet voltage is zero in the preset time period; a third determining submodule is used for determining the inlet voltage as the invalid voltage under the condition that the first average voltage of the inlet voltage in the preset time period is smaller than a first voltage threshold value; the fourth determining submodule is configured to determine the outlet voltage as the invalid voltage when the outlet voltage is less than a second voltage threshold in the predetermined period of time. The device can quickly determine whether the inlet voltage or the outlet voltage is an invalid voltage.

In order to further save the energy consumption of the electric pile, the second determining unit comprises a fourth determining module and a repeating module, wherein the fourth determining module is used for executing a corresponding strategy for adjusting the in-pile gas parameter once to determine whether the fault is eliminated; the repeating module is configured to sequentially repeat the acquiring step, the processing step, the first determining step, and the second determining step at least once until a predetermined number of times is reached or the fault is eliminated, if the fault is not eliminated. The device can eliminate the pile faults to the greatest extent through repeatedly executing the recovery strategy for a plurality of times.

The fault detection device of the fuel cell stack comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the acquisition unit, the processing unit, the first determination unit, the second determination unit and the like are all stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the program units stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions. The modules are all located in the same processor; alternatively, the above modules may be located in different processors in any combination.

The processor includes a kernel, and the kernel fetches the corresponding program unit from the memory. The core may be provided with one or more cores, and fault detection of the fuel cell stack is performed by adjusting the core parameters.

The memory may include volatile memory, random Access Memory (RAM), and/or nonvolatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM), among other forms in computer readable media, the memory including at least one memory chip.

The embodiment of the invention provides a computer readable storage medium, which comprises a stored program, wherein the program is used for controlling equipment where the computer readable storage medium is positioned to execute the fault detection method of the fuel cell stack.

Specifically, the fault detection method of the fuel cell stack includes:

The embodiment of the invention provides a processor, which is used for running a program, wherein the fault detection method of the fuel cell stack is executed when the program runs.

Specifically, the fault detection method of the fuel cell stack includes:

The embodiment of the invention provides equipment, which comprises a processor, a memory and a program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes at least the following steps when executing the program:

The device herein may be a server, PC, PAD, cell phone, etc.

The application also provides a computer program product adapted to perform, when executed on a data processing device, a program initialized with at least the following method steps:

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the invention described above may be implemented in a general purpose computing device, they may be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed across a network of computing devices, they may be implemented in program code executable by computing devices, so that they may be stored in a storage device for execution by computing devices, and in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than that shown or described herein, or they may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps of them may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

In one typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

The memory may include volatile memory in a computer-readable medium, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory, etc., such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

Computer readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of storage media for a computer include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium, which can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. Computer-readable media, as defined herein, does not include transitory computer-readable media (transmission media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises an element.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:

1) The application relates to a fault detection method of a fuel cell stack, which comprises the steps of firstly, obtaining voltages at an inlet of a fuel cell to obtain a plurality of first voltages, and obtaining voltages at an outlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of second voltages; and performing preset processing on the first voltages to obtain first processing voltages, and performing preset processing on the second voltages to obtain second processing voltages, wherein the preset processing comprises one of the following steps: calculating an average value and a standard deviation; then, determining the type of the fault according to the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage; and finally, determining a corresponding strategy for adjusting the parameters of the gas entering the stack according to the type of the fault, and executing the strategy to eliminate the fault, wherein the gas entering the stack is the gas entering the fuel cell stack. According to the fault detection method of the fuel cell stack, the voltages at the two sides of the inlet and the outlet of the fuel cell stack are respectively obtained, and compared and quantitatively analyzed, so that the type of the fault of the fuel cell stack can be accurately identified. According to the type of the fault, the corresponding strategy for adjusting the in-stack gas parameters is accurately matched, so that the state of the fuel cell stack system can be corrected, further serious failure is avoided, the durability and the reliability of the electric stack are effectively improved, and the problem that the type of the fault of the fuel cell stack cannot be accurately identified in the prior art is solved.

2) The fault detection device of the fuel cell stack comprises an acquisition unit, a control unit and a control unit, wherein the acquisition unit acquires the voltage of an inlet of a fuel cell to obtain a plurality of first voltages, and acquires the voltage of an outlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of second voltages; the processing unit performs predetermined processing on the plurality of first voltages to obtain a first processing voltage, and performs predetermined processing on the plurality of second voltages to obtain a second processing voltage, wherein the predetermined processing includes one of the following steps: calculating an average value and a standard deviation; the first determining unit determines the type of the fault according to the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage; and the second determining unit determines a corresponding strategy for adjusting the parameters of the gas entering the stack according to the type of the fault and executes the strategy to eliminate the fault, wherein the gas entering the stack is the gas entering the fuel cell stack. According to the fault detection method of the fuel cell stack, the voltages at the two sides of the inlet and the outlet of the fuel cell stack are respectively obtained, and compared and quantitatively analyzed, so that the type of the fault of the fuel cell stack can be accurately identified. According to the type of the fault, the corresponding strategy for adjusting the in-stack gas parameters is accurately matched, so that the state of the fuel cell stack system can be corrected, further serious failure is avoided, the durability and the reliability of the electric stack are effectively improved, and the problem that the type of the fault of the fuel cell stack cannot be accurately identified in the prior art is solved.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fault detection method of a fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack including a plurality of fuel cells, the method comprising:

an acquisition step of acquiring voltages of an inlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of first voltages, and acquiring voltages of an outlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of second voltages;

a processing step of performing predetermined processing on the plurality of first voltages to obtain a first processing voltage, and performing the predetermined processing on the plurality of second voltages to obtain a second processing voltage, wherein the predetermined processing includes one of the following steps: calculating an average value and a standard deviation;

a first determining step of determining a type of fault according to the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage, wherein the type of fault comprises: film dry failure, flooding failure, hydrogen starvation failure;

A second determining step, according to the type of the fault, determining a corresponding strategy for adjusting the in-pile gas parameter and executing the strategy to eliminate the fault, wherein the in-pile gas parameter comprises at least one of the following components: relative humidity, volume, and metering ratio, the in-stack gas is the gas that enters the fuel cell stack.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the type of fault from the first and second process voltages if the predetermined process is a calculated average value comprises:

calculating the absolute value of the difference value between the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage to obtain the absolute value of the difference value;

and determining the type of the fault as the dry fault in the case that the absolute value of the difference is larger than a first threshold.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the type of fault from the first and second process voltages if the predetermined process is a calculated standard deviation comprises:

and under the condition that the absolute value of the difference value is larger than a second threshold value, determining the type of the fault as the flooding fault.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the type of fault from the first and second process voltages if the predetermined process is a calculated standard deviation comprises:

and determining the type of the fault as the hydrogen starvation fault under the condition that the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage are respectively larger than a third threshold value.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the second determining step comprises:

in the event that the type of failure is the film dry failure, the strategy includes at least one of: increasing the relative humidity, decreasing the volume, and decreasing the metering ratio;

in the event that the type of fault is the flooding fault, the strategy includes at least one of: decreasing the relative humidity and increasing the volume;

in the event that the type of fault is the hydrogen starvation fault, the strategy includes at least one of: increasing the volume and increasing the metering ratio.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the position of the substrate comprises,

obtaining a voltage at an inlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of first voltages, including:

Acquiring a plurality of inlet voltages, wherein the inlet voltages are voltages of inlets of the fuel cell;

determining whether the entry voltage is an invalid voltage, wherein the invalid voltage is a voltage that does not satisfy a condition of the predetermined process;

removing the inlet voltage under the condition that the inlet voltage is the invalid voltage, wherein the rest inlet voltage is the first voltage;

obtaining a voltage at an outlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of second voltages, including:

acquiring a plurality of outlet voltages, wherein the outlet voltages are voltages of outlets of the fuel cell;

determining whether the outlet voltage is the inactive voltage;

and eliminating the outlet voltage under the condition that the outlet voltage is the invalid voltage, wherein the rest outlet voltages are the second voltages.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein determining whether the inlet voltage or the outlet voltage is the inactive voltage comprises at least one of:

determining that the inlet voltage is the invalid voltage if the inlet voltage is zero within a predetermined period of time;

determining that the outlet voltage is the invalid voltage if the outlet voltage is zero within the predetermined period of time;

The inlet voltage is determined to be the invalid voltage under the condition that a first average voltage in the preset time period is smaller than a first voltage threshold value;

and the outlet voltage is determined to be the invalid voltage under the condition that the second average voltage in the preset time period is smaller than a second voltage threshold value.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the second determining step comprises:

executing a corresponding strategy for adjusting the stacking gas parameters once, and determining whether the fault is eliminated;

in the case where the failure is not eliminated, the acquiring step, the processing step, and the first determining step are sequentially repeated at least once until a predetermined number of times is reached or the failure is eliminated.

9. A fault detection device for a fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack including a plurality of fuel cells, the device comprising:

an acquisition unit, configured to acquire voltages at an inlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of first voltages, and acquire voltages at an outlet of the fuel cell to obtain a plurality of second voltages;

a processing unit, configured to perform a predetermined process on the plurality of first voltages to obtain a first processing voltage, and perform the predetermined process on the plurality of second voltages to obtain a second processing voltage, where the predetermined process includes one of: calculating an average value and a standard deviation;

A first determining unit, configured to determine a type of a fault according to the first processing voltage and the second processing voltage, where the type of the fault includes: film dry failure, flooding failure, hydrogen starvation failure;

and a second determining unit, configured to determine, according to the type of the fault, a corresponding strategy for adjusting the stacking gas parameter and execute the strategy to eliminate the fault, where the stacking gas parameter includes at least one of: relative humidity, volume, and metering ratio, the in-stack gas is the gas that enters the fuel cell stack.

10. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium comprises a stored program, wherein the program when run controls a device in which the computer readable storage medium is located to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.