CN117073866A - Temperature sensor based on seven-core optical fiber and bowknot type and preparation method - Google Patents
Temperature sensor based on seven-core optical fiber and bowknot type and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及光纤传感技术领域,尤其涉及一种基于七芯光纤和蝴蝶结型的温度传感器及制备方法。The present invention relates to the field of optical fiber sensing technology, and in particular to a temperature sensor based on seven-core optical fiber and bow-tie type and a preparation method.
背景技术Background technique
随着社会的快速发展,温度的精确测量在工业生产,医疗检测,深海探测等领域应用越来越广泛,相较于传统的电学传感器,光纤传感器因其结构简单,耐腐蚀,抗电磁干扰能力强而受到青睐。近年来,人们提出了多种基于光纤的温度传感器,例如MZI干涉式传感器,布拉格光栅(FBG)式传感器,sagnac环式传感器,以及基于弯曲光纤的球形结构传感器。其中,基于弯曲单模光纤的气球型传感器因其制作简单,成本低,灵敏度高在温度、位移、折射率等方面得到了广泛的应用。With the rapid development of society, accurate temperature measurement is becoming more and more widely used in industrial production, medical testing, deep-sea exploration and other fields. Compared with traditional electrical sensors, fiber optic sensors have simple structure, corrosion resistance, and anti-electromagnetic interference capabilities. Strong and favored. In recent years, a variety of fiber-based temperature sensors have been proposed, such as MZI interferometric sensors, Bragg grating (FBG) sensors, sagnac ring sensors, and spherical structure sensors based on bent optical fibers. Among them, balloon sensors based on bent single-mode optical fibers have been widely used in temperature, displacement, refractive index, etc. because of their simple production, low cost, and high sensitivity.
目前在已知的光纤传感器结构中,利用光栅型的光纤传感器具有体积小,精度高的优点受到人们的青睐,但是由于长周期光栅和布拉格光栅需要使用特种设备在光纤中刻蚀结构,导致光栅型传感器制作成本高昂,工艺要求高。基于MZI的干涉式传感器目前在光纤传感领域应用也较为广泛,传统的MZI干涉式传感器通常灵敏度不够,在精密测量领域难以推广。Among the currently known fiber optic sensor structures, grating-type fiber optic sensors have the advantages of small size and high precision and are favored by people. However, because long-period gratings and Bragg gratings require the use of special equipment to etch structures in the fiber, resulting in grating The production cost of type sensors is high and the process requirements are high. MZI-based interferometric sensors are currently widely used in the field of optical fiber sensing. Traditional MZI interferometric sensors are usually not sensitive enough and are difficult to promote in the field of precision measurement.
因此,基于弯曲单模光纤的传感器因其制作简单,成本低,结构强度大,灵敏度高等优点而备受关注。为了获得更高的灵敏度,需要尽可能的将纤芯模式激发到高阶模式,因此在单一的弯曲单模光纤的基础上引入了近似对称的蝴蝶结型结构。为了提高传感器的物理强度,也为了进一步提高传感器的灵敏度,保留了单模光纤原有的涂覆层。Therefore, sensors based on bent single-mode optical fibers have attracted much attention due to their advantages such as simple fabrication, low cost, high structural strength, and high sensitivity. In order to obtain higher sensitivity, it is necessary to excite the core mode to higher-order modes as much as possible, so an approximately symmetrical bowtie structure is introduced based on a single bent single-mode fiber. In order to improve the physical strength of the sensor and further improve the sensitivity of the sensor, the original coating layer of the single-mode optical fiber is retained.
到目前为止,关于将七芯光纤和蝴蝶结型结构结合进行传感的研究较少。近年来,七芯光纤由于其空分复用的特性成为解决通信容量受限问题有效途径。此外,七芯光纤特殊的多芯结构在传感、医疗等领域的应用同样引起研究者的广泛关注。然而,七芯光纤常被应用于MZI/SAGNAC/FP等结构。So far, there are few studies on combining seven-core optical fiber and bow-tie structure for sensing. In recent years, seven-core optical fiber has become an effective way to solve the problem of limited communication capacity due to its spatial division multiplexing characteristics. In addition, the application of the special multi-core structure of seven-core optical fiber in fields such as sensing and medical treatment has also attracted widespread attention from researchers. However, seven-core optical fiber is often used in structures such as MZI/SAGNAC/FP.
如何解决上述技术问题为本发明面临的课题。How to solve the above technical problems is the subject faced by the present invention.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于七芯光纤和蝴蝶结型的温度传感器及制备方法,该传感器对折射率不灵敏,对温度具有极高灵敏度的温度传感器,避免了温度和折射率的交叉影响,该温度传感器是基于单模光纤-球形结构-七芯光纤-弯曲单模光纤-单模光纤结构;在七芯光纤的一端熔接球形结构,通过控制球形结构的长径和短径,可以控制光在不同的七芯光纤纤芯中传播,以获得极高的温度灵敏度;该传感器具有结构简单、制作方便、成本低、灵敏度高等特点。The object of the present invention is to provide a temperature sensor based on seven-core optical fiber and bow-tie type and a preparation method. The sensor is insensitive to the refractive index and has extremely high sensitivity to temperature, avoiding the cross influence of temperature and refractive index. The temperature sensor is based on a single-mode optical fiber-spherical structure-seven-core optical fiber-bent single-mode optical fiber-single-mode optical fiber structure; the spherical structure is welded at one end of the seven-core optical fiber, and the light can be controlled by controlling the long and short diameters of the spherical structure. Propagates in different seven-core optical fiber cores to obtain extremely high temperature sensitivity; the sensor has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient production, low cost, and high sensitivity.
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明采用技术方案具体为:一种基于七芯光纤和蝴蝶结型的温度传感器,由宽带光源、第一单模光纤、第一弯曲单模光纤、七芯光纤、第二弯曲单模光纤、第二单模光纤、光谱分析仪组成。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is specifically: a temperature sensor based on seven-core optical fiber and bow-tie type, which is composed of a broadband light source, a first single-mode optical fiber, a first bent single-mode optical fiber, a seven-core optical fiber, a second It consists of a bent single-mode optical fiber, a second single-mode optical fiber, and a spectrum analyzer.
作为本发明提供的一种基于七芯光纤和蝴蝶结型的温度传感器进一步优化方案,所述第一单模光纤的一端通过FC/APC接头与所述宽带光源相连接,第一单模光纤作为本结构的输入端,所述第一单模光纤的另一端与所述第一弯曲单模光纤的输入端相连接。As a further optimization solution for a temperature sensor based on seven-core optical fiber and bow-tie type provided by the present invention, one end of the first single-mode optical fiber is connected to the broadband light source through an FC/APC connector, and the first single-mode optical fiber serves as the At the input end of the structure, the other end of the first single-mode optical fiber is connected to the input end of the first bent single-mode optical fiber.
作为本发明提供的一种基于七芯光纤和蝴蝶结型的温度传感器进一步优化方案,所述第一弯曲单模光纤的输出端与七芯光纤一端连接,七芯光纤的另一端与所述第二弯曲单模光纤的输入端相连接。As a further optimization solution for a temperature sensor based on seven-core optical fiber and bow-tie type provided by the present invention, the output end of the first bent single-mode optical fiber is connected to one end of the seven-core optical fiber, and the other end of the seven-core optical fiber is connected to the second Connect the input end of the bent single-mode fiber.
作为本发明提供的一种基于七芯光纤和蝴蝶结型的温度传感器进一步优化方案,所述第二弯曲单模光纤的输出端与作为输出端的第二单模光纤一端连接,所述第二单模光纤另一端通过FC/APC接头与光谱分析仪输入端连接。As a further optimization solution for a temperature sensor based on seven-core optical fiber and bow-tie type provided by the present invention, the output end of the second bent single-mode optical fiber is connected to one end of the second single-mode optical fiber as the output end, and the second single-mode optical fiber is connected to one end of the second single-mode optical fiber as the output end. The other end of the optical fiber is connected to the input end of the spectrum analyzer through the FC/APC connector.
为了更好地实现本发明目的,本发明还提供了一种曲率传感器温度测量方法,使用该七芯光纤和蝴蝶结型的温度传感器,包括以下步骤:In order to better realize the purpose of the present invention, the present invention also provides a curvature sensor temperature measurement method, using the seven-core optical fiber and the bow-tie type temperature sensor, including the following steps:
S1、宽带光源输出的入射光通过第一单模光纤进入第一弯曲单模光纤的输入端后,在第一弯曲单模光纤曲率较大的环形区激发包层-涂覆层模式,并在曲率减小后耦合回到纤芯;S1. After the incident light output by the broadband light source enters the input end of the first curved single-mode fiber through the first single-mode fiber, it excites the cladding-coating layer mode in the annular area with a larger curvature of the first curved single-mode fiber, and in After the curvature is reduced, it is coupled back to the fiber core;
S2、现心中的光再通过七芯光纤进入第二弯曲单模光纤的输入端,同样在曲率较大的环形区激发包层-涂覆层模式,经过环形区后,曲率减小,包层中的光重新耦合回纤芯中;S2. The light in the current center then enters the input end of the second curved single-mode fiber through the seven-core fiber. It also excites the cladding-coating layer mode in the annular area with larger curvature. After passing through the annular area, the curvature decreases and the cladding mode The light in the fiber is recoupled back into the fiber core;
S3、耦合回到第二单模光纤中,整个过程中,由于基模和高阶模式之间存在光程差,满足相位匹配条件,在光谱分析仪上产生干涉光谱,通过光谱上干涉谷波长的偏移来实现对温度的测量。S3. Coupling back to the second single-mode fiber. During the whole process, due to the optical path difference between the fundamental mode and the higher-order mode, the phase matching condition is met, and an interference spectrum is generated on the spectrum analyzer. The interference valley wavelength in the spectrum is passed. offset to measure the temperature.
为了更好地实现本发明目的,本发明还提供了一种基于七芯光纤和蝴蝶结型的温度传感器的制备方法,包括以下步骤:In order to better realize the purpose of the present invention, the present invention also provides a preparation method of a temperature sensor based on seven-core optical fiber and bow-tie type, which includes the following steps:
第一步,首先将第一单模光纤的输入端通过FC/APC光纤接头与宽带光源相连接,并在第一单模光纤输出端从套管的一号端插入后从二号端拉出一段长度,接着将二号端拉出的单模光纤弯曲形成球形结构并将单模光纤输出端从二号端插入,从一号端拉出,拉紧单模光纤形成第一弯曲单模光纤;The first step is to first connect the input end of the first single-mode optical fiber to the broadband light source through the FC/APC optical fiber connector, insert the output end of the first single-mode optical fiber from the first end of the casing and pull it out from the second end. a length, then bend the single-mode optical fiber pulled out from the second end to form a spherical structure, insert the single-mode optical fiber output end from the second end, pull it out from the first end, and tighten the single-mode optical fiber to form the first bent single-mode optical fiber. ;
第二步,将第一弯曲单模光纤的输出端切割平整,同时将七芯光纤切割平整,放置在光纤熔接器中与切割平整的第一弯曲单模光纤的输出端熔接,熔接点为第一熔接点,七芯光纤的长度为4±0.05mm;In the second step, cut the output end of the first bent single-mode optical fiber into a flat shape, and at the same time cut the seven-core optical fiber into a flat shape, place it in a fiber fusion splicer and fuse it with the output end of the cut flattened first bending single-mode optical fiber. The splicing point is the second step. At one fusion splice point, the length of the seven-core optical fiber is 4±0.05mm;
第三步,将另外一根单模光纤的输入端切割平整,与七芯光纤的另一端熔接,然后将单模光纤的输出端从套管的二号端中插入,挪动套管使得七芯光纤在套管的正中间位置;The third step is to cut the input end of another single-mode fiber flat and fuse it with the other end of the seven-core fiber. Then insert the output end of the single-mode fiber into the No. 2 end of the casing and move the casing so that the seven-core The optical fiber is in the middle of the casing;
第四步,将第三部中的单模光纤的输出端拉紧形成第二弯曲单模光纤,通过精密位移平台调整第一弯曲单模光纤、第二弯曲单模光纤结构的直径,直至第一弯曲单模光纤的直径为9±0.05mm,第二弯曲单模光纤结构的直径为9.7mm;The fourth step is to tighten the output end of the single-mode fiber in the third part to form a second curved single-mode fiber, and adjust the diameters of the first curved single-mode fiber and the second curved single-mode fiber structure through a precision displacement platform until the The diameter of the first bent single-mode optical fiber is 9±0.05mm, and the diameter of the second bent single-mode optical fiber structure is 9.7mm;
第五步,在套管两端使用紫外线固化胶固定,本发明中采用UV胶。In the fifth step, the two ends of the casing are fixed with ultraviolet curable glue. In the present invention, UV glue is used.
进一步地,所述套管内径为8±0.05mm,长为1.6±0.1cm。Further, the inner diameter of the casing is 8±0.05mm, and the length is 1.6±0.1cm.
本发明的工作原理:Working principle of the invention:
首先,入射光进入第一弯曲单模光纤中,在大曲率弯曲结构中,纤芯对光的束缚能力下降,部分光逸出至包层并进一步耦合进入涂覆层,涂覆层中的部分光在到达涂覆层空气的边界时被反射回纤芯,由于纤芯模式和涂覆层模式在传播过程中有效折射率和光程不同,因此纤芯模式与涂覆层模式发生干涉。在曲率逐渐下降的过程中,涂覆层和包层中的光大部分耦合回纤芯中,当光从第一弯曲单模光纤的输出端进入七芯光纤时,由于单模光纤和七芯光纤的纤芯直径不匹配,光在熔接点发散。First, the incident light enters the first curved single-mode fiber. In the large curvature curved structure, the fiber core's ability to bind light decreases, and part of the light escapes to the cladding and is further coupled into the coating layer. Part of the light in the coating layer When the light reaches the boundary of the coating layer air, it is reflected back to the fiber core. Since the effective refractive index and optical path length of the core mode and the coating layer mode are different during propagation, the core mode interferes with the coating layer mode. As the curvature gradually decreases, most of the light in the coating and cladding is coupled back into the fiber core. When the light enters the seven-core fiber from the output end of the first bent single-mode fiber, due to the single-mode fiber and the seven-core fiber The fiber core diameters do not match and the light diverges at the splice point.
其次,一开始,光主要以三种形式传播:中心核心模式、周围核心模式和包层模式,七芯光纤中的包层模式在包层传输过程中是不稳定的,随着七芯光纤长度的增加,包层模式的能量会逐渐衰减并在七芯光纤中消失;然后,光以中间纤芯模式和周围纤芯模式在七芯光纤中传播,当光传输至七芯光纤与第二弯曲单模光纤的输入端时,大部分周围纤芯模式被耦合到第二弯曲单模光纤中形成干涉,在第二弯曲单模光纤中,光的传输方式与光在第一弯曲单模光纤中的传输方式大致相同,在此处略过。在入射光的传输过程中,纤芯模式和包层-涂覆层模式由于折射率差异产生光程差,从而在光谱仪上产生干涉谱。温度的变化会导致包层-涂覆层模式改变,从而使得光谱发生波长偏移,通过对波长的检测实现对温度的测量。Secondly, at the beginning, light mainly propagates in three forms: central core mode, surrounding core mode and cladding mode. The cladding mode in the seven-core fiber is unstable during the cladding transmission process. With the length of the seven-core fiber increases, the energy of the cladding mode will gradually attenuate and disappear in the seven-core fiber; then, the light propagates in the seven-core fiber in the middle core mode and the surrounding core mode. At the input end of a single-mode fiber, most of the surrounding core modes are coupled into the second curved single-mode fiber to form interference. In the second curved single-mode fiber, the light is transmitted in the same way as the light in the first curved single-mode fiber. The transmission method is roughly the same and is skipped here. During the transmission of incident light, the optical path difference between the core mode and the cladding-coating mode occurs due to the difference in refractive index, thereby producing an interference spectrum on the spectrometer. Changes in temperature will cause the cladding-coating layer pattern to change, causing a wavelength shift in the spectrum, and the temperature can be measured by detecting the wavelength.
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、本发明基于弯曲单模-七芯-弯曲单模光纤,将弯曲单模光纤和七芯光纤的特性结合起来,实现了温度灵敏度的巨大提升,进一步提高了温度传感器的实用性。1. The present invention is based on bent single-mode-seven-core-bent single-mode optical fiber, and combines the characteristics of bent single-mode optical fiber and seven-core optical fiber to achieve a huge improvement in temperature sensitivity and further improve the practicality of the temperature sensor.
2、本发明的温度传感器及制备方法不仅制作工艺简单,而且材料成本低廉,只需使用光纤熔接机进行简单的放电熔接;基于弯曲单模光纤的蝴蝶结型结构不仅结构简单,制作方便,在功能上更是可以取代昂贵复杂的光学器件,并且具有类似的效果,在光纤温度传感器的普及使用上有着巨大的潜力。2. The temperature sensor and preparation method of the present invention are not only simple in manufacturing process, but also have low material cost. They only need to use an optical fiber fusion splicer for simple discharge welding. The bow-tie structure based on bent single-mode optical fiber is not only simple in structure, easy to make, but also functional in function. It can replace expensive and complex optical devices and has similar effects. It has huge potential in the popularization and use of fiber optic temperature sensors.
3、本发明的温度传感器输出信号包含模式干涉形成的干涉峰,通过对干涉谷波长随温度的变化来检测温度的大小。同时兼备对温度十分灵敏和对折射率不灵敏的特点,极其适合折射率差异较大的环境,解决传统型光纤温度传感器和折射率的交叉敏感问题,在实际的航空航天和食品工程等方面有广阔的应用空间。3. The output signal of the temperature sensor of the present invention contains an interference peak formed by mode interference, and the temperature is detected by changing the wavelength of the interference valley with temperature. At the same time, it is very sensitive to temperature and insensitive to refractive index. It is extremely suitable for environments with large differences in refractive index and solves the cross-sensitivity problem of traditional fiber optic temperature sensors and refractive index. It has practical applications in aerospace and food engineering. Broad application space.
4、起传统的弯曲单模光纤,本结构引入了近似对称的蝴蝶结型结构,增大了弯曲单模光纤的曲率,激发了更多的高阶模式,这使得该传感器的温度灵敏度相较于传统的弯曲单模光纤传感器有了质的提升。较高的温度灵敏度和物理强度使得该传感器在精密测量,航空航天,深海探测具有广泛的实用性。4. Instead of the traditional bent single-mode optical fiber, this structure introduces an approximately symmetrical bowtie structure, which increases the curvature of the bent single-mode optical fiber and excites more high-order modes, which makes the temperature sensitivity of the sensor compared to Traditional bent single-mode optical fiber sensors have been qualitatively improved. The high temperature sensitivity and physical strength make the sensor widely practical in precision measurement, aerospace, and deep-sea exploration.
5、比起传统的光纤光栅传感器,在本结构中,仅需用到光纤熔接机即可完成传感器制作。光栅需要特种设备进行刻蚀,因此对工艺和精度要求严苛。本结构中利用蝴蝶结型结构和七芯光纤代替成本高昂的光栅实现激发高阶模,简化了制作工艺,降低了成本,同时提高了灵敏度。5. Compared with traditional fiber grating sensors, in this structure, only a fiber fusion splicer is needed to complete sensor production. Gratings require special equipment for etching, so the process and precision requirements are strict. In this structure, a bow-tie structure and seven-core optical fiber are used instead of expensive gratings to excite high-order modes, which simplifies the manufacturing process, reduces costs, and improves sensitivity.
6、比起传统的纯光纤的弯曲单模光纤传感器,在本结构中保留了单模光纤的涂覆层,在大曲率弯曲结构中,部分光会泄露至涂覆层,在曲率逐渐下降的过程中,涂覆层中的光会耦合进入包层和纤芯并与发生耦合。该涂覆层具有较高的热光系数和热膨胀系数,在温度变化时,该传感器能够及时响应,并且具有极高的温度灵敏度。6. Compared with traditional pure optical fiber bending single-mode optical fiber sensors, the coating layer of the single-mode optical fiber is retained in this structure. In the large curvature bending structure, part of the light will leak to the coating layer. When the curvature gradually decreases, During the process, the light in the coating couples into the cladding and core and couples with it. The coating layer has a high thermo-optical coefficient and thermal expansion coefficient. When the temperature changes, the sensor can respond in time and has extremely high temperature sensitivity.
7、由于七芯光纤的引入,可以改变光在空间中的分布,激发部分高阶模。光在七芯光纤中传播时由于纤芯和包层有效折射率不同产生光程差,放大干涉效果,实现温度灵敏度的二次提升。7. Due to the introduction of seven-core optical fiber, the distribution of light in space can be changed and some high-order modes can be excited. When light propagates in a seven-core optical fiber, the optical path difference is generated due to the different effective refractive index of the core and cladding, which amplifies the interference effect and achieves a secondary improvement in temperature sensitivity.
附图说明Description of the drawings
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的限制。The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.
图1为本发明的温度传感器的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the temperature sensor of the present invention.
图2为本发明的温度传感器进行温度测量时的装置示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the device when the temperature sensor of the present invention performs temperature measurement.
图3中(a)是随温度(T)变化的波长(λ)偏移图,(b)是针对(a)中的波谷得到的温度(T)和波长(λ)的拟合曲线图。In Figure 3 (a) is the wavelength (λ) shift diagram as temperature (T) changes, and (b) is the fitting curve diagram of temperature (T) and wavelength (λ) obtained for the trough in (a).
图4为本发明中温度传感器进行折射率测试时的装置示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the device when the temperature sensor in the present invention performs refractive index testing.
图5中,(a)是随温度变化的波长偏移图;为了展示本发明对折射率的不灵敏性,对波谷进行了局部放大;In Figure 5, (a) is a wavelength shift diagram as temperature changes; in order to demonstrate the insensitivity of the present invention to the refractive index, the wave trough is partially enlarged;
(b)是针对(a)中的波谷得到的温度和波长的拟合曲线。(b) is the fitted curve of temperature and wavelength obtained for the trough in (a).
图6是本发明的温度传感器的实物图以及光纤的横截面。Figure 6 is a physical diagram of the temperature sensor of the present invention and a cross-section of the optical fiber.
图7中左侧图为本发明中单模光纤截面示意图;右侧图是本发明中七芯光纤截面示意图。The left side picture in Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a single-mode optical fiber in the present invention; the right side picture is a schematic cross-sectional view of a seven-core optical fiber in the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。当然,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
参见图1至图7,本实施例提供其技术方案为,一种基于七芯光纤和蝴蝶结型的温度传感器,本实施例基于蝴蝶结型结构和七芯光纤两种结构,如图1所示,由宽带光源1,第一单模光纤2,第一弯曲单模光纤3,七芯光纤4,第二弯曲单模光纤5,第二单模光纤6,光谱分析仪7连接而成。其中,第一单模光纤2的一端通过FC/APC接头与宽带光源1相连,同时,第一单模光纤2作为本结构的输入端,第一单模光纤2的另一端与第一弯曲单模光纤的输入端相连。第一弯曲单模光纤的输出端与七芯光纤4连接,七芯光纤4的另一端与第二弯曲单模光纤5的输入端相连,第二弯曲单模光纤5的另一端与作为输出端的第二单模光纤6连接,最后,第二单模光纤6也是通过FC/APC接头与光谱分析仪7连接。Referring to Figures 1 to 7, the technical solution provided by this embodiment is a temperature sensor based on seven-core optical fiber and bow-tie type. This embodiment is based on two structures: bow-tie type structure and seven-core optical fiber, as shown in Figure 1. It is connected by a broadband light source 1, a first single-mode fiber 2, a first curved single-mode fiber 3, a seven-core fiber 4, a second curved single-mode fiber 5, a second single-mode fiber 6 and a spectrum analyzer 7. Among them, one end of the first single-mode optical fiber 2 is connected to the broadband light source 1 through an FC/APC connector. At the same time, the first single-mode optical fiber 2 serves as the input end of the structure, and the other end of the first single-mode optical fiber 2 is connected to the first bent single-mode optical fiber 2. The input end of the mode fiber is connected. The output end of the first bent single-mode optical fiber is connected to the seven-core optical fiber 4, the other end of the seven-core optical fiber 4 is connected to the input end of the second bent single-mode optical fiber 5, and the other end of the second bent single-mode optical fiber 5 is connected to the output end. The second single-mode optical fiber 6 is connected. Finally, the second single-mode optical fiber 6 is also connected to the spectrum analyzer 7 through the FC/APC connector.
如图2所示,温度测量装置图,其中,传感器部分3-5放在恒温箱8平台中,并用恒温箱盖盖住传感器。通过改变恒温箱的温度,得到光谱随温度(T)变化的偏移图,如图3中的(a)所示,当温度发生变化光谱仪上波谷的位置发生,波长(λ)和温度(T)呈线性关系,如图3中的(b)所示,温度灵敏度仅为-3.36nm/℃。As shown in Figure 2, a diagram of the temperature measurement device, in which the sensor part 3-5 is placed in the platform of the thermostat 8, and the sensor is covered with a thermostat cover. By changing the temperature of the thermostat, the shift diagram of the spectrum with temperature (T) is obtained, as shown in (a) in Figure 3. When the temperature changes, the position of the trough on the spectrometer occurs, and the wavelength (λ) and temperature (T ) shows a linear relationship, as shown in (b) in Figure 3, and the temperature sensitivity is only -3.36nm/℃.
如图4所示,折射率测量装置图,其中传感器部分3-5放在溶液池9中,通过向溶液池9中加入不同折射率的溶液进行折射率传感实验。通过改变溶液池中溶液的折射率,得到光谱随折射率(RI)变化的偏移图,如图5中的(a)所示,考虑到本实施例具有对折射率不灵敏性,对波谷进行了局部放大,观察光谱仪上波谷的位置,波长(λ)和折射率(RI)呈线性关系,如图5中的(b)所示,折射率灵敏度仅为-10.05nm/RIU,极大的缩小了折射率对温度的交叉影响。As shown in Figure 4, a diagram of the refractive index measurement device, in which the sensor parts 3-5 are placed in the solution pool 9, and the refractive index sensing experiment is performed by adding solutions with different refractive indexes into the solution pool 9. By changing the refractive index of the solution in the solution pool, the shift diagram of the spectrum as the refractive index (RI) changes is obtained, as shown in (a) in Figure 5. Considering that this embodiment is insensitive to the refractive index, it is not sensitive to the wave trough. We performed partial magnification and observed the position of the wave trough on the spectrometer. There is a linear relationship between wavelength (λ) and refractive index (RI), as shown in (b) in Figure 5. The refractive index sensitivity is only -10.05nm/RIU, which is extremely large. The cross-effect of refractive index on temperature is reduced.
本实施例曲率传感器的光路传播顺序如下:The optical path propagation sequence of the curvature sensor in this embodiment is as follows:
宽带光源1输出的入射光通过第一单模光纤2进入第一弯曲单模光纤3的输入端后,在第一弯曲单模光纤3曲率较大的环形区激发包层-涂覆层模式,并在曲率减小后耦合回到纤芯,现心中的光再通过七芯光纤4进入第二弯曲单模光纤5的输入端,同样在曲率较大的环形区激发包层-涂覆层模式,经过环形区后,曲率减小,包层中的光重新耦合回纤芯中,最后,耦合回到第二单模光纤6中,整个过程中,由于基模和高阶模式之间存在光程差,满足相位匹配条件,从而在光谱分析仪7上产生干涉光谱,通过光谱上干涉谷波长的偏移来实现对温度的测量。After the incident light output by the broadband light source 1 enters the input end of the first curved single-mode fiber 3 through the first single-mode fiber 2, the cladding-coating layer mode is excited in the annular area with a larger curvature of the first curved single-mode fiber 3, And after the curvature is reduced, it is coupled back to the fiber core. The light in the core then enters the input end of the second curved single-mode fiber 5 through the seven-core fiber 4, and also excites the cladding-coating layer mode in the annular area with larger curvature. , after passing through the annular area, the curvature decreases, and the light in the cladding is re-coupled back to the core, and finally, coupled back to the second single-mode fiber 6. During the whole process, due to the existence of light between the fundamental mode and the higher-order mode The path difference satisfies the phase matching condition, thereby generating an interference spectrum on the spectrum analyzer 7, and measuring the temperature through the shift of the interference valley wavelength in the spectrum.
本实施例通过激发了具有极高温度灵敏度的高阶模式,实现对温度灵敏度的提升,不仅解决了温度和折射率的交叉影响问题,而且具有成本低廉,易于制作,体积小等优点,极大的提高了光纤温度传感器的实用性,在生产中具有极大的应用前景。This embodiment achieves an improvement in temperature sensitivity by stimulating a high-order mode with extremely high temperature sensitivity, which not only solves the problem of cross-influence of temperature and refractive index, but also has the advantages of low cost, easy production, and small size, which greatly It improves the practicality of optical fiber temperature sensors and has great application prospects in production.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.
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