CN117070075A - Wood-based friction material with life self-monitoring function and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wood-based friction material with life self-monitoring function and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl=O UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229960002218 sodium chlorite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GEVPUGOOGXGPIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.OC(=O)C(O)=O GEVPUGOOGXGPIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001046 Nanocellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001570716 Homalanthus populifolius Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of processing and preparation of wood-based functional materials, and particularly discloses a wood-based friction material with a life self-monitoring function and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: dispersing poplar powder in a cosolvent formed by mixing choline chloride and dihydrooxalic acid, dissolving to obtain a mixed liquid, diluting with water, and washing with water to obtain filter residue A; adding sodium chlorite and acetic acid after dispersing the filter residue A in distilled water I, stirring, washing to obtain filter residue B, dispersing the filter residue B in distilled water II, adding phenolphthalein, and crushing to obtain dispersion liquid; adding sodium chloride, solid Tris and tannic acid into the dispersion liquid, stirring, washing to obtain filter residue C, dispersing the filter residue C in distilled water III, stirring with polyvinyl alcohol, casting into a mould, and drying; dispersing the filter residue A in distilled water, adding sodium hydroxide and polyvinyl alcohol, stirring to obtain mixed base solution, continuously casting in a mould, and drying to obtain the wood-based friction material. The friction material has a life self-monitoring function, and the method is simple and low in cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of processing and preparation of wood-based functional materials, and particularly relates to a wood-based friction material with a life self-monitoring function and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The wear resistance of the material is related to the service life of the material, so that the wear resistance becomes a key factor for selecting structural materials or functional materials as the materials of the moving parts. The wear resistance of materials is related to the conditions of the aerospace, national defense, military, going to vehicles, going to and from vehicles, wearing shoes and wearing socks. For material performance research, especially for friction materials such as metal-based friction materials, paper-based friction materials, resin-based friction materials, functional self-lubricating wear-resistant materials and the like, the friction materials wear quickly when in use, and a large number of samples are usually required to be repeatedly subjected to wear experiments to estimate the service lives of the samples so as to avoid safety problems; however, the aging of the material is difficult to discover and detect in time in the specific use process, so that certain safety problems exist and the detection cost is high.
In order to find and detect the aging condition of the material in time and avoid a certain safety problem in the use process of the material, it is necessary to develop a friction material capable of realizing the self-monitoring of the functional life, however, at present, no friction material can realize the self-monitoring of the functional life, and technical achievements in the field are still in a shortage state.
Compared with other friction materials, the wood-based friction material is widely applied; therefore, it is very necessary to provide a wood-based friction material for realizing self-monitoring of functional life and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the wood-based friction material with the life self-monitoring function, which can monitor the service life of the friction material, has simple preparation process, easy operation and lower cost, and the preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a wood-based friction material with a life self-monitoring function comprises the following steps:
step 1: dispersing poplar powder serving as a raw material in a cosolvent formed by mixing choline chloride, oxalic acid dihydrate and the like by mass, heating to 100-120 ℃, continuously stirring until the poplar powder is dissolved to obtain a mixed liquid, adding distilled water into the mixed liquid for dilution, and filtering and washing for multiple times to obtain filter residue A;
the ratio of the volume of the cosolvent to the mass of the poplar powder is 300mL: (3.5-4.5 g);
step 2: dispersing the filter residue A obtained in the step 1 in distilled water I, adding sodium chlorite and acetic acid, continuously heating and stirring at 95-110 ℃, filtering and washing to obtain filter residue B, dispersing the filter residue B in distilled water II, adding phenolphthalein, and mechanically crushing to obtain a dispersion liquid;
the mass ratio of the volume of the distilled water I, the mass of sodium chlorite, the volume of acetic acid, the volume of the distilled water II and phenolphthalein is 300mL (4.5-8.5 g) to 3.0-6.0 mL (300-400 mL) to 0.45-0.85 g;
step 3: adding sodium chloride, solid Tris and tannic acid into the dispersion liquid, continuously stirring for 2-4 hours, then filtering and washing for a plurality of times to obtain filter residue C, dispersing the filter residue C into distilled water III, adding polyvinyl alcohol, continuously stirring for 2-4 hours at 100 ℃, casting the mixed liquid into a mould, and drying at 45 ℃;
the mass ratio of the volume of the dispersion, the mass of sodium chloride, the mass of solid Tris, the mass of tannic acid, the volume of distilled water III and the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol is (300-400 mL), 4.5-8.5 g, 2.25-4.25 g, 4.5-8.5 g, 300-400 mL and 2.25-4.25 g;
step 4: dispersing the filter residue A prepared in the step 1 in distilled water, adding sodium hydroxide and polyvinyl alcohol, continuously stirring for 2-4 hours at 100 ℃ to obtain a mixed base solution, continuously casting the mixed base solution in a die used in the step 3, and drying at 45 ℃ to finally obtain the wood-based friction material;
the volume of the distilled water, the mass of the sodium hydroxide and the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol are (300-400 mL), the ratio of (4.5-8.5 g) and the ratio of (2.25-4.25 g).
Further, the number of times of filtering and washing in the step 1 is 3 to 5.
Further, in the step 1, the stirring time is 3-5 hours.
Further, the number of times of filtering and washing in the step 2 is 3 to 5.
Further, the mechanical crushing treatment time in the step 2 is 40-80 min.
Further, the drying time in the step 3 is 4 hours.
Further, the drying time in the step 4 is 12 hours.
The wood-based friction material with the life self-monitoring function is prepared by adopting the preparation method
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the preparation method specifically comprises the steps of firstly heating and stirring poplar powder, choline chloride and dihydrooxalic acid, adding distilled water for dilution after complete dissolution, and filtering and washing to obtain filter residue A; dispersing the filter residue A in distilled water, adding sodium chlorite and acetic acid, heating, stirring, filtering, and washing with water to obtain filter residue B; dispersing the filter residue B in distilled water, adding a specific amount of phenolphthalein, and mechanically crushing to obtain a dispersion liquid; heating the dispersion liquid, sodium chloride, solid Tris and tannic acid, washing with water, dispersing in distilled water, adding polyvinyl alcohol, heating, stirring, pouring into a mold, and drying; and stirring the filter residue A with sodium hydroxide and polyvinyl alcohol at high temperature, then injecting into a mold, and drying to obtain the wood-based friction material. The preparation method is very simple and convenient, the raw materials adopted in the whole preparation process are relatively stable, economical and practical, and most of the raw materials have stable performance and are easy to operate.
The wood-based friction material prepared by the invention has a compact lamellar structure, and the lamellar structures are tightly crosslinked, so that the wood-based friction material has the advantages of high toughness, good tensile property, high abrasion resistance, high mechanical strength, strong corrosion resistance, stable chemical property and the like. But the friction material has the greatest characteristics of having a life self-monitoring function, being capable of enabling the friction material to be exposed due to structural damage when the life is ended, causing the friction material to react with phenolphthalein to turn red, generating obvious color change, further being capable of detecting the aging and scrapping of the friction material at the first time, being capable of completing the process without any external matters, being fast, convenient and accurate, being capable of timely replacing the scrapped material and avoiding potential safety hazards.
The poplar powder used as a raw material is a natural biomass green material, and has the characteristics of green environment protection, abundant reserves, low energy consumption, less pollution, wide material sources and the like, and is light in weight, high in strength, good in elasticity, high in fiber content and easy to process.
In conclusion, the wood-based friction material prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention can monitor the service life of the friction material, and is simple in preparation process, easy to operate and low in cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional SEM topography of a wood-based friction material of example 1 of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows XRD patterns of lignocellulose (residue A obtained in step 1) and esterified nanocellulose and natural poplar in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a Zeta potential diagram of cellulose extracted in example 1 of the present invention (dispersion obtained after the residue A obtained in step 1 was dispersed in water in step 2) (-33.7 mV), natural poplar powder (-10.3 mV), and lignocellulose (residue A obtained in step 1) (-34.2 mV);
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the coefficient of friction of the wood-based friction material of example 1 of the present invention at a sliding speed of 200rpm and at various loads (1, 3, 5N);
FIG. 5 is a summary of the average friction coefficient-wear scar width in the friction wear test for the wood-based friction material of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples illustrate the invention in further detail.
In the specific steps of the invention, distilled water is adopted for water washing; the molding method specifically comprises casting molding; bleaching the wood pulp in the step 2 until the wood pulp is milky white, and then crushing the wood pulp so as to observe the color change after phenolphthalein is added; the bleaching treatment is to add sodium chlorite and acetic acid into the wood pulp; the molecular weight of the polyvinyl alcohol used in the examples of the invention was 145000.
The cosolvent used in the step 1 is liquid obtained by mixing choline chloride, oxalic acid dihydrate and the like by mass and heating and melting at 110 ℃.
Examples
Example 1
A preparation method of a wood-based friction material with a life self-monitoring function comprises the following steps:
step 1: mixing 300mL of cosolvent and 3.5g of poplar powder, continuously heating and stirring for 3 hours at 100 ℃, filtering and washing for 3 times to obtain filter residue A;
step 2: dispersing the filter residue A obtained in the step 1 in 300ml of distilled water, adding 4.5g of sodium chlorite and 3.0ml of acetic acid, continuously heating and stirring at 95 ℃, filtering and washing to obtain filter residue B, dispersing the obtained filter residue B in 300ml of distilled water, adding 0.45g of phenolphthalein, and mechanically crushing for 40min to obtain a dispersion liquid;
step 3: taking 300mL of the dispersion liquid treated by the method in the step 2, adding 4.5g of sodium chloride, 2.25g of solid Tris and 4.5g of tannic acid into the dispersion liquid, stirring, filtering, washing 3 times to obtain filter residue C, dispersing the filter residue C into 300mL of distilled water, adding 2.25g of polyvinyl alcohol into the mixture, stirring the mixture at 100 ℃ for 2 hours, casting the mixture into a mould, and drying the mixture at 45 ℃ for 4 hours;
step 4: dispersing the filter residue obtained in the step 1 in 300ml of distilled water, adding 4.5g of sodium hydroxide and 2.25g of polyvinyl alcohol, stirring for 2 hours at 100 ℃, continuously casting in the die of the step 3, and drying for 12 hours at 45 ℃ to finally obtain the wood-based friction material.
Example 2
A preparation method of a wood-based friction material with a life self-monitoring function comprises the following steps:
step 1: mixing 300mL of cosolvent and 4g of poplar powder, continuously heating and stirring for 4 hours at 110 ℃, filtering and washing for 4 times to obtain filter residue A;
step 2: dispersing the filter residue A obtained in the step 1 in 300ml of distilled water, adding 6.0g of sodium chlorite and 4.5ml of acetic acid, continuously heating and stirring at 100 ℃, filtering and washing to obtain filter residue B, dispersing the obtained filter residue B in 350ml of distilled water, adding 0.60g of phenolphthalein, and mechanically crushing for 60min to obtain a dispersion liquid;
step 3: taking 350mL of the dispersion liquid treated by the method in the step 2, adding 6.0g of sodium chloride, 3.25g of solid Tris and 6.0g of tannic acid into the dispersion liquid, stirring, filtering, washing for 4 times to obtain filter residue C, dispersing the filter residue C in 350mL of distilled water, adding 3.25g of polyvinyl alcohol into the mixture, stirring the mixture at 100 ℃ for 3 hours, casting the mixture into a mould, and drying the mixture at 45 ℃ for 4 hours;
step 4: dispersing the filter residue obtained in the step 1 in 350ml of distilled water, adding 6.0g of sodium hydroxide and 3.25g of polyvinyl alcohol, stirring for 3 hours at 100 ℃, continuously casting in the die of the step 3, and drying for 12 hours at 45 ℃ to finally obtain the wood-based friction material.
Example 3
A preparation method of a wood-based friction material with a life self-monitoring function comprises the following steps:
step 1: mixing 300mL of cosolvent and 4.5g of poplar powder, continuously heating and stirring for 5 hours at 120 ℃, filtering and washing for 5 times to obtain filter residue A;
step 2: dispersing the filter residue A obtained in the step 1 in 300ml of distilled water, adding 8.5g of sodium chlorite and 6.0ml of acetic acid, continuously heating and stirring at 110 ℃, filtering and washing to obtain filter residue B, dispersing the obtained filter residue B in 400ml of distilled water, adding 0.85g of phenolphthalein, and mechanically crushing for 80min to obtain a dispersion liquid;
step 3: taking 400mL of the dispersion liquid treated by the method in the step 2, adding 8.5g of sodium chloride, 4.25g of solid Tris and 8.5g of tannic acid into the dispersion liquid, stirring, filtering and washing for 5 times to obtain filter residue C, dispersing the filter residue C in 400mL of distilled water, adding 4.25g of polyvinyl alcohol into the mixture, stirring the mixture at 100 ℃ for 4 hours, casting the mixture into a mould, and drying the mixture at 45 ℃ for 4 hours;
step 4: dispersing the filter residue obtained in the step 1 in 400ml of distilled water, adding 8.5g of sodium hydroxide and 4.25g of polyvinyl alcohol, stirring for 4 hours at 100 ℃, continuously casting in a die of the step 3, and drying for 12 hours at 45 ℃ to finally obtain the wood-based friction material.
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional SEM morphology of the prepared wood-based friction material, and as can be seen from fig. 1, the wood-based friction material has a compact layered structure, and polyvinyl alcohol is crosslinked therein, so that the mechanical properties of the composite film material are greatly improved, and the load transfer between sheets is promoted.
Fig. 2 is an XRD pattern of lignocellulose (filter residue a obtained in step 1) and esterified nanocellulose, natural poplar in example 1, the lignocellulose showing the presence of diffraction peaks similar to natural poplar, indicating the crystalline structure of cellulose. The intensities of the esterified nanocellulose and lignocellulose characteristic peaks were reduced by 2θ=15.3°,20.9 °,22.9 °, respectively, compared to wood, due to reduced detection depth due to densification of the structure. Furthermore, hemicellulose and amorphous cellulose are dissolved and removed during the solvent treatment. The crystallinity of the esterified nanocellulose and lignocellulose were essentially the same, but decreased compared to natural poplar, indicating a decrease in crystallinity of cellulose after DES co-solvent treatment. Furthermore, the peaks at 15.3 ° and 20.9 ° of esterified nanocellulose and lignocellulose disappeared after delignification treatment. These peaks can be attributed to DES remaining in lignin during solvation.
FIG. 3 shows the Zeta potential of native poplar (-10.3 mV), cellulose extracted in example 1 (dispersion obtained by dispersing the residue A obtained in step 1 in water in step 2) (-33.7 mV) and lignocellulose (residue A obtained in step 1) (-34.2 mV). These negatively charged functional groups are derived from carbonyl groups and Hiebert ketone groups in cellulose, which impart excellent dispersion stability to cellulose by mutual repulsion of charges. In NCF slurries, esterification of the hydroxyl groups of cellulose carries more negative charge, resulting in a lower zeta potential, further demonstrating that its excellent dispersion stability is associated with DES solvation process.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the coefficient of friction, obtained at a sliding speed of 200rpm and at different loads (1, 3, 5N). Under a load of 5N, the friction coefficient curve is stable and does not change much.
FIG. 5 is a summary of average friction coefficients-wear scar widths for friction wear experiments, with minimum average friction coefficient 0.065 at 1N, average friction coefficients 0.1521, 0.1842 at 3N, 5N, respectively, and wear scar widths 234 μm, 273 μm, 396 μm at 1N, 3N, respectively, indicating that the prepared wood-based friction material has a relatively high surface hardness, and also indicating its high wear resistance.
While the present disclosure has been described in detail in the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood that the foregoing description is not to be considered as limiting the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the wood-based friction material with the life self-monitoring function is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: dispersing poplar powder serving as a raw material in a cosolvent formed by mixing choline chloride, oxalic acid dihydrate and the like by mass, heating to 100-120 ℃, continuously stirring until the poplar powder is dissolved to obtain a mixed liquid, adding distilled water into the mixed liquid for dilution, and filtering and washing for multiple times to obtain filter residue A;
the ratio of the volume of the cosolvent to the mass of the poplar powder is 300mL: (3.5-4.5 g);
step 2: dispersing the filter residue A obtained in the step 1 in distilled water I, adding sodium chlorite and acetic acid, continuously heating and stirring at 95-110 ℃, filtering and washing to obtain filter residue B, dispersing the filter residue B in distilled water II, adding phenolphthalein, and mechanically crushing to obtain a dispersion liquid;
the mass ratio of the volume of the distilled water I, the mass of sodium chlorite, the volume of acetic acid, the volume of the distilled water II and phenolphthalein is 300mL (4.5-8.5 g) to 3.0-6.0 mL (300-400 mL) to 0.45-0.85 g;
step 3: adding sodium chloride, solid Tris and tannic acid into the dispersion liquid, continuously stirring for 2-4 hours, then filtering and washing for a plurality of times to obtain filter residue C, dispersing the filter residue C into distilled water III, adding polyvinyl alcohol, continuously stirring for 2-4 hours at 100 ℃, casting the mixed liquid into a mould, and drying at 45 ℃;
the mass ratio of the volume of the dispersion, the mass of sodium chloride, the mass of solid Tris, the mass of tannic acid, the volume of distilled water III and the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol is (300-400 mL), 4.5-8.5 g, 2.25-4.25 g, 4.5-8.5 g, 300-400 mL and 2.25-4.25 g;
step 4: dispersing the filter residue A prepared in the step 1 in distilled water, adding sodium hydroxide and polyvinyl alcohol, continuously stirring for 2-4 hours at 100 ℃ to obtain a mixed base solution, continuously casting the mixed base solution in a die used in the step 3, and drying at 45 ℃ to finally obtain the wood-based friction material;
the volume of the distilled water, the mass of the sodium hydroxide and the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol are (300-400 mL), the ratio of (4.5-8.5 g) and the ratio of (2.25-4.25 g).
2. The method for preparing a wood-based friction material with a life self-monitoring function according to claim 1, wherein the number of times of filtering and washing in the step 1 is 3-5.
3. The method for preparing a wood-based friction material with a life self-monitoring function according to claim 1, wherein the stirring time in the step 1 is 3-5 h.
4. The method for preparing a wood-based friction material with a life self-monitoring function according to claim 1, wherein the number of times of filtering and washing in the step 2 is 3-5.
5. The method for preparing a wood-based friction material with a life self-monitoring function according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical crushing treatment time in the step 2 is 40-80 min.
6. The method for preparing a wood-based friction material with a life self-monitoring function according to claim 1, wherein the drying time in the step 3 is 4h.
7. The method for preparing a wood-based friction material with a life self-monitoring function according to claim 1, wherein the drying time in the step 4 is 12h.
8. A wooden base friction material with life-span self-monitoring function, its characterized in that: prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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