CN117057909A - Bank financing pricing decision system and method under accounts receivable mortgage of distributor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of bank financing management systems, in particular to a bank financing pricing decision system and method under accounts receivable mortgage of a distributor. The system comprises a supplier module, a distributor module, a retailer module and a bank module; the vendor module, the distributor module and the retailer module are in data interconnection with the bank module through the Internet, the distributor module is in data interconnection with the vendor module, the retailer module is in data interconnection with the distributor module, and the retailer module is not in direct interconnection with the vendor module. And ordering commodities on the distributor module according to retailers, and completing the distributor module and accounts receivable of the retailer module as a mortgage to apply for loans to banks through a contract signing module in the system by the formed purchase order. The invention solves the problems that the distributor performs mortgage loan through accounts receivable, the information among the parties of the supply chain is asymmetric and the transaction efficiency is low, and the bank faces higher risk and cost when the distributor performs financing pricing.

Description

Bank financing pricing decision system and method under accounts receivable mortgage of distributor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of bank financing management systems, in particular to a bank financing pricing decision system and method under the mortgage of accounts receivable of a distributor.

Background

In supply chain finance, distributors are often faced with a lack of funds as an intermediate link between suppliers and retailers. To address this issue, the distributor may apply for the loan as a mortgage to the bank with the receivables between it and the downstream retailer. However, banks face higher risks and costs in financing pricing the distributor due to the uncertainty, liquidity, transferability, etc. of receivables. Therefore, how to reasonably evaluate the credit status of the distributor and determine the financing amount and the financing rate of the distributor is an important problem in the bank financing business.

The existing bank financing and pricing methods mainly comprise the following steps:

(1) A pricing method based on credit rating. The method determines the financing rate of the distributor according to the credit rating of the distributor, and the higher the credit rating is, the lower the financing rate is. The method has the advantages of simplicity and easiness, but has the disadvantage that factors such as the quality and the fluidity of accounts receivable are ignored, and the real risk level of a distributor cannot be fully reflected.

(2) Pricing methods based on mortgage rate and discount rate. The method determines the mortgage rate, namely the ratio of the amount of loan willing to be provided by a bank to the amount of accounts receivable, according to the quality, the deadline, the payment mode and other factors of the accounts receivable; meanwhile, the discount rate of the bank is determined according to factors such as market interest rate, risk premium and the like, namely the interest rate used when the bank performs the present value calculation corresponding to the receipt. The method has the advantages that the characteristics and market conditions of accounts receivable are considered, but the method has the defects of complex calculation, different mortgage rates and cash register rates are required to be set for accounts receivable of different types and different time periods, and the management cost is increased.

(3) Pricing method based on option pricing model. The method regards the receivables of the distributors as an option, i.e. the distributors have the option to collect the money from the retailers on the due date, while the banks are equivalent to selling the option to the distributors. Therefore, the option pricing model, such as a Black-Scholes model or a binary tree model, can be used for reference, the option value of the option pricing model is calculated according to the parameters of the expiration date, the payment amount, the volatility, the risk-free interest rate and the like of the receivables, and the option value is used as the loan amount provided by a bank to a distributor. The method has the advantages that the risk characteristics of accounts receivable can be reflected well, but the method has the disadvantages that the conditions are more, and accurate parameter data are difficult to acquire.

In summary, the existing bank financing pricing methods have certain limitations and defects, and can not effectively solve the bank financing pricing problem under the condition that the distributor receives accounts and gives mortgages. Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a bank financing pricing decision system and method under a distributor receivables mortgage to overcome the above-mentioned problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problems to be solved are as follows: the invention solves the problems that the distributor performs mortgage loan through accounts receivable, the information among the parties of the supply chain is asymmetric and the transaction efficiency is low, and the bank faces higher risk and cost when the distributor performs financing pricing.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme is as follows:

a bank financing pricing decision system under accounts receivable mortgage of a distributor, comprising:

the supplier module is used for issuing commodities on the system and providing the cargoes for the distributor, and obtaining the money of the bank according to the loan amount of the distributor module;

the distributor module is used for checking the commodities issued by the provider module in the system, selectively pushing the commodities to the retailer module in the system and purchasing the commodities to the provider module according to the commodity amount ordered by the retailer; applying for a loan to the bank module by the contractual signing module to mortgage accounts receivable;

The retailer module checks the goods released by the distributor module in the system, selectively orders the goods, and the formed purchase order completes the distributor module and accounts receivable of the downstream retailer module as a mortgage to apply for loans to banks through the contract signing module in the system;

the bank module comprises a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a data analysis module and a data output module; the bank module pays the loan amount of the distributor to the provider module, receives the repayment of the retailer module, pays the money exceeding the repayment amount of the loan to the distributor module;

the vendor module, the distributor module and the retailer module are in data interconnection with the bank module through the Internet, the distributor module is in data interconnection with the vendor module, the retailer module is in data interconnection with the distributor module, and the retailer module is not in direct interconnection with the vendor module.

The beneficial effects generated by the technology are as follows: the invention provides a bank financing and pricing decision-making system under the accounts receivable mortgage of a distributor based on an Internet platform, which can realize information sharing and collaborative management among all parties of a supply chain, improves transaction efficiency and transparency, and reduces information asymmetry and moral risks.

As a further improvement of the above solution, the data collection module is configured to collect receivables data of the distributor from the receivables management module of the distributor module, including receivables amount, due date, payer, and payment mode information; the credit rating data of the distributor is acquired, and comprises financial statement, transaction record and social evaluation data of the distributor; the system comprises a retailer module, a contract signing module, a deposit management module and a deposit management module, wherein the retailer module is used for acquiring commodity information ordered by the retailer module and information of accounts receivable in the contract signing module as a mortgage for applying loans to banks; for collecting real data purchased by the distributor from the supplier module.

The technical problems solved by the further technology are as follows: the invention aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, banks lack effective data sources and data quality when financing and pricing the distributor, so that the credit condition and risk level of the distributor cannot be accurately estimated.

The beneficial effects generated by the further technology are as follows: the invention provides a data acquisition module which can acquire transaction data and credit rating data among distributors, suppliers and retailers from a system, provides comprehensive, accurate and timely data support for banks, and improves the reliability and effectiveness of data.

As a further improvement to the above-described solution,

the data processing module is used for processing the collected receivables data, and comprises:

based on the credit rating and the payment mode of the retailers, calculating a mortgage rate of each accounts receivable, wherein the mortgage rate Z is a weighted average value of the credit rating and the payment mode of the retailers;

based on the remaining term T and the mortgage rate Z of the accounts receivable, calculating a present value PV of each accounts receivable, wherein the present value PV is obtained by multiplying the accounts receivable amount S by the mortgage rate Z and then by the cash factor k, and the present value PV is expressed as follows:

the impression factor k isWhere r is the risk-free interest rate of the bank and T is the remaining term of the receivables;

and summing the present values PV of all accounts receivable to obtain financing amount E of the distributor.

The technical problems solved by the further technology are as follows: the invention aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, when a bank carries out financing pricing on a distributor, factors such as quality and fluidity of accounts to be collected are ignored, so that the real financing demand and repayment capability of the distributor cannot be fully reflected.

The beneficial effects generated by the further technology are as follows: the invention provides a data processing module which can process collected accounts receivable data, and comprises the steps of calculating indexes such as a mortgage rate, a present value, financing amount and the like of each accounts receivable, so that a more reasonable and flexible decision basis of the financing amount is provided for banks, and the financing efficiency and effect are improved.

As a further improvement to the above-described solution,

the data analysis module is used for analyzing financing amount of the distributor, and comprises the following components:

based on the credit rating and the historical repayment condition of the distributor, carrying out risk assessment on the distributor, wherein the risk assessment is a weighted average value of the credit rating and the historical repayment condition of the distributor;

based on the risk assessment and the target profit margin of the bank, the financing rate j pricing is carried out on the distributor, the financing rate j pricing is that the risk-free rate r of the bank is added with the risk premium rate f, and the financing rate j is expressed as the formulaThe risk premium interest rate f is the risk assessment multiplied by the target profit rate of the bank;

and the data output module is used for outputting financing pricing results to distributors, wherein the financing pricing results comprise financing interest rate j and financing amount.

The technical problems solved by the further technology are as follows: the invention aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, banks lack effective risk management and profit level control when financing and pricing are carried out on distributors, so that the financing interest rate and the profit level of the distributors cannot be reasonably determined.

The beneficial effects generated by the further technology are as follows: the invention provides a data analysis module which can analyze financing amount of a distributor, comprising the functions of risk assessment, financing rate pricing, financing result output and the like, provides more scientific and reasonable financing pricing decision basis for banks, and improves risk management capability and profitability level of the banks.

As a further improvement of the above solution, the data processing module is provided with a risk assessment module, which is configured to perform risk assessment on the distributor, and the calculating of the risk premium interest rate f includes the following steps:

(1) Acquiring credit rating data of a distributor, wherein the credit rating data comprises financial statement, transaction record and social evaluation data of the distributor;

(2) Standardized processing is carried out on credit rating data of distributors, data with different dimensions are converted into standardized numerical value b with the same dimension, and the standardized numerical value b is usedFormula, wherein x is the original data, mu is the average value, and sigma is the standard deviation;

(3) Weighting and summing the credit rating data of the distributors to obtain credit scores CS of the distributors, wherein the credit scores CS areWherein n is the number of dimensions, +.>Is->Weights of individual dimensions ∈>Is->Standardized data for each dimension;

(4) Historical repayment data of the distributor is obtained from the historical repayment module, wherein the historical repayment data comprise repayment amount, repayment time, overdue times, overdue days and the like of the distributor;

(5) The historical repayment data of the distributor is subjected to standardized processing, and the data in different dimensions are converted into standardized value y in the same dimension, and the standardized value y is usedFormula, wherein xb is the original data of the historical repayment data, μb is the average value of the historical repayment data, and σb is the standard deviation of the historical repayment data;

(6) Weighting and summing historical repayment data of the distributor to obtain a repayment score RS of the distributor, wherein the repayment score RS is as followsWherein m is the number of indexes, +.>Weight of the H index, +.>Standardized data for the H index;

(7) Weighted average is carried out on credit scores and repayment scores of the distributors to obtain risk assessment of the distributors, wherein the risk assessment RA is thatWherein p and q are weights of credit score and repayment score, CS is credit score, and RS is repayment score;

(8) The calculation formula of the risk premium interest rate f isWhere RA is the risk assessment and TPR is the target profit margin for the bank.

The technical problems solved by the further technology are as follows: the invention aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, banks lack effective risk assessment methods and tools when financing and pricing are carried out on resellers, so that the risk premium interest rate and the financing interest rate cannot be reasonably determined.

The beneficial effects generated by the further technology are as follows: the invention provides a risk assessment module, and a series of steps are set to carry out risk assessment on distributors and calculate a risk premium interest rate f. The module can comprehensively consider a plurality of factors such as credit rating, historical repayment condition and the like of the distributor, and adopts a mathematical formula to express indexes such as risk assessment, risk overflow price interest rate and the like. The module can improve the evaluation accuracy and efficiency of the bank to the risk level of the distributor, and provides more scientific and reasonable financing rate pricing basis for the bank.

As a further improvement of the above solution, the contract signing module is configured to generate and store a transaction contract between the distributor and the retailer in the system, and synchronize receivables information involved in the contract to the bank module; the contract signing module is also used for generating and storing financing contracts between distributors and banks in the system and synchronizing the collection accounts of the banks in the contracts to the retailer module and the distributor module.

The technical problems solved by the further technology are as follows: the invention aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, the effective contract management and execution mechanism is lacked among all the parties of the supply chain, so that the transaction risk and dispute are increased.

The beneficial effects generated by the further technology are as follows: the invention provides a contract signing module which can generate and store transaction contracts between distributors and retailers in a system and synchronize receivables information related in the contracts to a bank module; the financing contract between the distributor and the bank can be generated and stored in the system, and the collection account of the bank in the contract is synchronized to the retailer module and the distributor module. The module can standardize and ensure the transaction and financing relationship among all the parties of the supply chain, reduce transaction risks and disputes and improve transaction safety and reliability.

A bank financing and pricing decision method under accounts receivable mortgage of distributor includes the following steps:

the suppliers issue goods on the supplier modules and provide goods for the distributor;

the distributor checks the goods distributed by the provider module in the system and selectively pushes the goods to the retailer module in the system;

the retailers check the goods distributed by the distributor module in the retailers module of the system, selectively order the goods and sign trade contracts with the contract signing module of the distributor in the system;

the distributor applies the receivables between the distributor and the downstream retailers as mortgages to banks for loans, and signs financing contracts with contract signing modules of the banks in the system;

the bank collects transaction data and credit rating data among the distributor, the suppliers and the retailers from the system, and carries out risk assessment, financing amount calculation and financing pricing on the distributor;

the bank outputs financing pricing results to the distributor, including a financing rate j and a financing amount E;

the distributor determines the contract with the bank through the contract signing module, and the bank directly pays money to the bank account of the provider on the provider module.

The technical problems solved by the further technology are as follows: the invention aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, a bank financing pricing method under accounts receivable mortgages of distributors has certain limitations and defects and can not effectively solve the bank financing pricing problem under the accounts receivable mortgages of distributors.

The beneficial effects generated by the further technology are as follows: the invention provides a bank financing pricing decision method under the accounts receivable mortgage of a distributor, which can realize transaction and financing flow among all parties of a supply chain, and carries out risk assessment, financing amount calculation and financing pricing on the distributor, thereby improving transaction efficiency and transparency, reducing information asymmetry and moral risks, and improving risk management capability and profitability of banks.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a general structural diagram of the system.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a data acquisition module.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a financing amount calculation for a distributor.

Fig. 4 is a diagram of the system method.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions, the following detailed description of the technical solutions is provided with examples and illustrations only, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present patent.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, a bank financing pricing decision system under a distributor receivables mortgage, comprising:

the supplier module is used for issuing commodities on the system and providing the cargoes for the distributor, and obtaining the money of the bank according to the loan amount of the distributor module;

The distributor module is used for checking the commodities issued by the provider module in the system, selectively pushing the commodities to the retailer module in the system and purchasing the commodities to the provider module according to the commodity amount ordered by the retailer; applying for a loan to the bank module by the contractual signing module to mortgage accounts receivable;

the retailer module checks the goods released by the distributor module in the system, selectively orders the goods, and the formed purchase order completes the distributor module and accounts receivable of the downstream retailer module as a mortgage to apply for loans to banks through the contract signing module in the system;

the bank module comprises a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a data analysis module and a data output module; the bank module pays the loan amount of the distributor to the provider module, receives the repayment of the retailer module, pays the money exceeding the repayment amount of the loan to the distributor module;

the vendor module, the distributor module and the retailer module are in data interconnection with the bank module through the Internet, the distributor module is in data interconnection with the vendor module, the retailer module is in data interconnection with the distributor module, and the retailer module is not in direct interconnection with the vendor module.

The contract signing module is used for generating and storing transaction contracts between distributors and retailers in the system and synchronizing receivables information related in the contracts to the bank module; the contract signing module is also used for generating and storing financing contracts between distributors and banks in the system and synchronizing the collection accounts of the banks in the contracts to the retailer module and the distributor module.

A supplier named A issues a commodity named X on the system, and each purchasing price is 100 yuan; a distributor named B checks the commodity X released by the A in the system and selectively pushes the commodity X to two retailers named C and D in the system, wherein the pricing wholesale price is 140 yuan; c and D look over B commodity X that issue in the system, and have ordered commodity X selectively, C ordered 10, D ordered 20; c and D have signed a transaction contract with B through a contract signing module in the system and have synchronized receivables information (140×30=4200 elements) involved in the contract to a banking module; b, 30 commodities X are purchased from A according to the ordered commodity quantity of C and D (the purchase cost to be paid is 100 multiplied by 30=3000 yuan), receivables between the commodities X and the downstream retailers are used as mortgages to apply 3000 yuan loans to banks, financing contracts are signed with the banks through contract signing modules in the system, the collection accounts of the banks in the contracts are synchronized to C and D, and the C and D have accounts which are paid to the banks independently; the bank collects transaction data and credit rating data between B, A and C, D from the system, and performs risk assessment, financing amount calculation and financing pricing on B; the bank outputs financing pricing results to B, wherein the financing rate j is 10% and the financing amount E is 3000 yuan, and the loan period is 1 year; the contract between the bank and the bank is determined through the contract signing module, and the bank directly pays 3000 yuan (the total price of 30 commodities X) to the bank account of the provider on the A; c and D repayment to the collection account of the bank in the time agreed by the transaction contract, wherein C repayment is 1400 yuan, and D repayment is 2800 yuan; after the bank receives the payouts of C and D, pays the payouts exceeding the payouts of the loans to B, namely 900 yuan (4200 yuan minus 3000 yuan principal minus 300 yuan 3 months loan interest). The loan is very suitable for the product sales field with distributors, and the funds pressure of the distributors and retailers is greatly reduced under the condition that the distributors and the retailers are not abundant in funds based on good goods sources and retailers.

The working principle of this embodiment is: the suppliers, distributors, retailers and banks are connected through the Internet, so that the intellectualization and high efficiency of the finance of the supply chain are realized. The suppliers can issue goods on the system, the distributors can view and push goods in the system, the retailers can view and order goods in the system, the banks can collect and analyze data in the system, the contract signing module can generate and store contracts in the system, and the information involved in the contracts is synchronized to all parties. The distributor can apply the receivables between the distributor and the downstream retailers as mortgages to the banks, and the banks can output financing pricing results to the distributor according to risk assessment, financing amount calculation and financing pricing of the distributor and pay loan amount to the suppliers, so that the problem of funds turnover of the distributor is solved. The retailers can pay back to the banks within the time agreed by the transaction contract, the banks can withdraw the loan deposit, and pay the payment exceeding the loan repayment amount to the distributor, so that the risk control and the income increase of the banks are realized.

Example 2:

on the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, the data acquisition module is configured to acquire receivables data of the distributor from the receivables management module of the distributor module, including receivables amount, due date, payer, and payment method information; the system comprises a retailer module, a contract signing module, a deposit management module and a deposit management module, wherein the retailer module is used for acquiring commodity information ordered by the retailer module and information of accounts receivable in the contract signing module as a mortgage for applying loans to banks; the real data acquisition module is used for acquiring real data purchased by the distributor from the provider module; for obtaining credit rating data for the distributor.

Assuming a distributor named B, viewing the commodity X released by A in the system, and selectively pushing the commodity X to two retailers named C and D in the system; c and D look over B commodity X that issue in the system, and have ordered commodity X selectively, C ordered 10, D ordered 20; c and D have signed a transaction contract with B through a contract signing module in the system and have synchronized receivables information (140×30=4200 elements) involved in the contract to a banking module; and B, purchasing 30 commodities X (the purchase cost to be paid is 100 multiplied by 30=3000 yuan) from A according to the ordered commodity quantity of C and D, applying 3000 yuan of loan to a bank by taking receivables between the commodities and a downstream retailer as mortgages, signing a financing contract with the bank through a contract signing module in the system, and synchronizing the collection accounts of the bank in the contract to C and D. The data acquisition module in the banking module would then acquire data from several aspects:

collecting accounts receivable data of the distributor B from an accounts receivable management module of the distributor module, wherein the accounts receivable data comprises:

the amount of the C10 commodity X to be received is 1400 yuan, the expiration date is 2023, 9 months and 1 day, the payer is C, and the payment mode is cash;

The amount of the D20 commodity X to be received is 2800 yuan, the expiration date is 2023, 9 and 15 days, the payer is D, and the payment mode is check;

the method for collecting commodity information ordered by C and D from a retailer module and information of applying the loan to a bank by taking accounts receivable in a contract signing module as a mortgage comprises the following steps:

c, 10 commodities X are ordered, each commodity is 140 yuan, and the total price is 1400 yuan;

d, ordering 20 commodities X, wherein each commodity is 140 yuan, and the total price is 2800 yuan;

b, applying 3000-element loans to banks by taking accounts receivable between the B and C and D as mortgages;

collecting real data purchased by a distributor B from a provider module, wherein the real data comprises the following components:

b, 30 commodities X are purchased from A, each commodity has a cost price of 100 yuan, and the total price is 3000 yuan;

acquiring credit rating data for distributor B from a credit rating agency or other channel, comprising:

b, the financial statement shows that the asset liability rate is 50%, the net profit rate is 10% and the flow rate is 1.5;

b, transaction records show that no overdue repayment or default condition exists in the last year;

the social evaluation data of B shows that the social evaluation data of B obtain good public praise and reputation on each platform;

this embodiment is the same as embodiment 1, except that the content and source of data collected by the data collection module is described in more detail. These data are the basic data required by the bank to perform risk assessment, financing amount calculation and financing pricing. The data acquisition module can update and synchronize data in real time, and the accuracy and timeliness of the data are guaranteed.

Example 3:

as shown in fig. 3, the data processing module is configured to process the collected receivables data, and includes:

based on the credit rating and the payment mode of the retailers, calculating a mortgage rate of each accounts receivable, wherein the mortgage rate Z is a weighted average value of the credit rating and the payment mode of the retailers;

based on the remaining term T and the mortgage rate Z of the accounts receivable, calculating a present value PV of each accounts receivable, wherein the present value PV is obtained by multiplying the accounts receivable amount S by the mortgage rate Z and then by the cash factor k, and the present value PV is expressed as follows:

the impression factor k isWhere r is the risk-free interest rate of the bank and T is the remaining term of the receivables;

and summing the present values PV of all accounts receivable to obtain financing amount E of the distributor.

Assuming a distributor named B, viewing the commodity X released by A in the system, and selectively pushing the commodity X to two retailers named C and D in the system; c and D look over B commodity X that issue in the system, and have ordered commodity X selectively, C ordered 10, D ordered 20; c and D have signed a transaction contract with B through a contract signing module in the system and have synchronized receivables information (140×30=4200 elements) involved in the contract to a banking module; and B, purchasing 30 commodities X (the purchase cost to be paid is 100 multiplied by 30=3000 yuan) from A according to the ordered commodity quantity of C and D, applying 3000 yuan of loan to a bank by taking receivables between the commodities and a downstream retailer as mortgages, signing a financing contract with the bank through a contract signing module in the system, and synchronizing the collection accounts of the bank in the contract to C and D. Then, the data processing module in the bank module processes the collected receivables data, including:

Based on the credit rating and the payment mode of the retailers, calculating a mortgage rate Z of each accounts receivable, wherein the mortgage rate Z is a weighted average value of the credit rating and the payment mode of the retailers;

assuming retailer C has a credit rating of A and a payment method of cash, then its mortgage rate0.9;

assuming retailer D has a credit rating of B and a payment method of check, then its mortgage rate0.8;

based on the remaining term T and the mortgage rate Z of the accounts receivable, calculating a present value PV of each accounts receivable, wherein the present value PV is obtained by multiplying the accounts receivable amount S by the mortgage rate Z and then by the cash factor k, and the present value PV is expressed as follows:

the impression factor k isWhere r is the risk-free interest rate of the bank and T is the remaining term of the receivables;

assuming that the risk-free interest rate r of the bank is 5%, then:

the amount of the C10 commodity X to be received is 1400 yuan, the expiration date is 2023, 9 months and 1 day, the remaining period Tc is 3 months (0.25 years), and the mortgage rate is high0.9, then its present value +.>Is->]About 1136.7 yuan;

the amount of the commodity X of the D20 commodity is 2800 yuan, the expiration date is 2023, 9 and 15 days, the remaining period Td is 3.5 months (0.29 years), and the mortgage rate is high0.8, then its present value +.>Is->About 1911.2 yuan;

And summing the present values PV of all accounts receivable to obtain financing amount E of the distributor B.

Financing amount E for distributor BAbout 3047.9 yuan;

the working principle of the embodiment is as follows: through the data processing module, the bank can process the account receivable data of the distributor B and calculate the financing amount E. The data processing module uses a higher mathematical formula, and mainly comprises the following steps:

in a first step, a mortgage rate Z is calculated, which is a coefficient reflecting the credit level and payment method of the retailer, with higher values indicating a greater likelihood of on-time payouts and lower values indicating a greater likelihood of overdue or default. The mortgage rate Z is a weighted average of the credit rating and payment method of the retailer, and different credit ratings and payment methods may be weighted differently, for example, a retailer with credit rating a may be weighted higher, and a retailer with cash may be weighted higher;

in a second step, the present value PV is calculated, which is a value reflecting the value of the receivables at the current time, with higher values indicating more valuable and lower values indicating less valuable. The present value PV is the receivables amount S multiplied by the mortgage rate Z multiplied by the impression factor k, where:

The receivables amount S is the revenue received by the distributor B for selling the product X to retailers C and D and is a fixed value;

the mortgage rate Z is a coefficient calculated in the first step and is a numerical value reflecting the credit level and payment mode of retailers;

the discount factor k is a coefficient reflecting the remaining term of accounts receivable and the risk-free interest rate of banks, and smaller represents longer periods and larger represents more recent. The fit factor k uses a higher mathematical formulaWherein:

e is a natural constant, equal to about 2.71828;

r is the risk-free interest rate of the bank, is a numerical value reflecting the cost and risk of the bank borrowing money to the distributor B, and is generally determined by the market;

t is the remaining term of the receivables, a value reflecting the time that distributor B needs to wait to withdraw money from retailers C and D, typically agreed upon by a trade contract;

third, a financing amount E is calculated, which is a value reflecting the amount of loan that distributor B can obtain from the bank, with higher values indicating more funds support and lower values indicating less funds support. Financing amount E is the sum of the present values PV of all accounts receivable, i.eWhere N is the number of accounts receivable, +. >Is the present value of the nth receivables.

Example 4:

the data analysis module is used for analyzing financing amount of the distributor, and comprises the following components:

based on the credit rating and the historical repayment condition of the distributor, carrying out risk assessment on the distributor, wherein the risk assessment is a weighted average value of the credit rating and the historical repayment condition of the distributor;

based on the risk assessment and the target profit margin of the bank, the financing rate j pricing is carried out on the distributor, the financing rate j pricing is that the risk-free rate r of the bank is added with the risk premium rate f, and the financing rate j is expressed as the formulaThe risk premium interest rate f is the risk assessment multiplied by the target profit rate of the bank;

and the data output module is used for outputting financing pricing results to distributors, wherein the financing pricing results comprise financing interest rate j and financing amount.

The data processing module is provided with a risk assessment module for carrying out risk assessment on distributors, and the step of calculating the risk premium interest rate f comprises the following steps:

(1) Acquiring credit rating data of a distributor, wherein the credit rating data comprises financial statement, transaction record and social evaluation data of the distributor;

(2) Standardized processing is carried out on credit rating data of distributors, data with different dimensions are converted into standardized numerical value b with the same dimension, and the standardized numerical value b is used Formula, wherein x is the original data, mu is the average value, and sigma is the standard deviation;

(3) Weighting and summing the credit rating data of the distributors to obtain credit scores CS of the distributors, wherein the credit scores CS areWherein n is the number of dimensions, +.>Is->Weights of individual dimensions ∈>Is->Standardized data for each dimension;

(4) Historical repayment data of the distributor is obtained from the historical repayment module, wherein the historical repayment data comprise repayment amount, repayment time, overdue times, overdue days and the like of the distributor;

(5) The historical repayment data of the distributor is subjected to standardized processing, and the data in different dimensions are converted into standardized value y in the same dimension, and the standardized value y is usedFormula, wherein xb is the original data of the historical repayment data, μb is the average value of the historical repayment data, and σb is the standard deviation of the historical repayment data;

(6) Weighting and summing historical repayment data of the distributor to obtain a repayment score RS of the distributor, wherein the repayment score RS is as followsWherein m is the number of indexes, +.>Weight of jth index, +.>Standardized data for the j-th index;

(7) Weighted average is carried out on credit scores and repayment scores of the distributors to obtain risk assessment of the distributors, wherein the risk assessment RA is that Wherein p and q are weights of credit score and repayment score, CS is credit score, and RS is repayment score;

(8) The calculation formula of the risk premium interest rate f isWhere RA is the risk assessment and TPR is the target profit margin for the bank.

Assuming a distributor named B, viewing the commodity X released by A in the system, and selectively pushing the commodity X to two retailers named C and D in the system; c and D look over B commodity X that issue in the system, and have ordered commodity X selectively, C ordered 10, D ordered 20; c and D have signed a transaction contract with B through a contract signing module in the system and have synchronized receivables information (140×30=4200 elements) involved in the contract to a banking module; and B, purchasing 30 commodities X (the purchase cost to be paid is 100 multiplied by 30=3000 yuan) from A according to the ordered commodity quantity of C and D, applying 3000 yuan of loan to a bank by taking receivables between the commodities and a downstream retailer as mortgages, signing a financing contract with the bank through a contract signing module in the system, and synchronizing the collection accounts of the bank in the contract to C and D. Then, the data analysis module in the bank module analyzes the financing amount of the distributor B, including:

Based on the credit rating and the historical repayment condition of the distributor B, carrying out risk assessment on the distributor B, wherein the risk assessment is a weighted average value of the credit rating and the historical repayment condition of the distributor B;

assuming that the credit rating of distributor B is AA and the historical repayment condition is excellent, the risk assessment RA is 0.1;

based on the risk assessment RA and the target profit margin TPR of the bank, pricing the distributor B with a financing interest rate j, wherein the financing interest rate j is priced as the risk-free interest rate r of the bank plus the risk premium interest rate f, and the financing interest rate j is expressed as the formulaThe risk premium interest rate f is the risk assessment RA multiplied by the target profit rate TPR of the bank;

assuming that the risk-free interest rate r of the bank is 5% and the target profit rate TPR is 10%, then:

the risk premium interest rate f isI.e. < ->Equal to 1%;

financing interest rate j isI.e. < ->Equal to 6%;

the data output module is used for outputting financing pricing results to the distributor B, wherein the financing pricing results comprise financing interest rate j and financing amount E; the financing pricing results for distributor B are: the financing rate j is 8% and the financing amount E is 3047.9 yuan.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: through the data analysis module, the bank can analyze the financing amount of the distributor B to determine the financing interest rate j and the financing amount E. The data analysis module uses a higher mathematical formula, and mainly comprises the following steps:

In a first step, a risk assessment RA is calculated, which is a coefficient reflecting the credit level and historical repayment status of distributor B, with lower values indicating more credited and higher values indicating more risk. The risk assessment RA is a weighted average of the credit rating and the historical repayment status of the distributor B, different credit ratings and the historical repayment status may have different weights, for example, the distributor with the credit rating AA may have a higher weight, and the distributor with the historical repayment status being excellent may also have a higher weight;

in a second step, the financing rate j is calculated, which is a value reflecting the cost and benefit of the bank to borrow money to distributor B, with higher values indicating more expensive and lower values indicating less expensive. Financing interest rate j is the bank's risk-free interest rate r plus risk-premium interest rate f, where:

the risk-free interest rate r is a numerical value reflecting the cost and risk of the bank borrowing money to the distributor B, and is generally determined by the market;

the risk premium rate f is a value reflecting the credit level and historical repayment status of distributor B, with higher indicating more risky and lower indicating more creditable. The risk premium interest rate f is the risk assessment RA multiplied by the target profit rate TPR of the bank, where:

the risk assessment RA is a coefficient calculated in the first step and is a numerical value reflecting the credit level and the historical repayment condition of the distributor B;

The target profit margin TPR is a value reflecting the profit and target of the bank borrowing money to the distributor B, and is generally determined by the bank itself;

third, the financing pricing results are output, which is a result reflecting the conditions and amounts of the bank borrowing to distributor B, including the financing rate j and the financing amount E. The data output module may display the financing pricing results in the system and notify distributor B.

Example 5:

as shown in fig. 4, a bank financing pricing decision method under the accounts receivable mortgage of a distributor includes the following steps:

(1) The suppliers issue goods on the supplier modules and provide goods for the distributor;

(2) The distributor checks the goods distributed by the provider module in the system and selectively pushes the goods to the retailer module in the system;

(3) The retailers check the goods distributed by the distributor module in the retailers module of the system, selectively order the goods and sign trade contracts with the contract signing module of the distributor in the system;

(4) The distributor applies the receivables between the distributor and the downstream retailers as mortgages to banks for loans, and signs financing contracts with contract signing modules of the banks in the system;

(5) The bank collects transaction data and credit rating data among the distributor, the suppliers and the retailers from the system, and carries out risk assessment, financing amount calculation and financing pricing on the distributor;

(6) The bank outputs financing pricing results to the distributor, including a financing rate j and a financing amount E;

(7) The distributor determines the contract with the bank through the contract signing module, and the bank directly pays money to the bank account of the provider on the provider module.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present patent technical solution, and the above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present patent and its core ideas. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present patent, and it should be noted that, due to the limited text expressions, there is objectively no limit to the specific structure, and it is possible for a person skilled in the art to make several improvements, modifications or variations without departing from the principles of the present patent, and to combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; such modifications, variations, or combinations, or the direct application of the concepts and aspects of the disclosed patent to other applications without modification, are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (7)

1. The bank financing and pricing decision system under the accounts receivable mortgage of the distributor is characterized by comprising the following components:

the supplier module is used for issuing commodities on the system and providing the cargoes for the distributor, and obtaining the money of the bank according to the loan amount of the distributor module;

the distributor module is used for checking the commodities issued by the provider module in the system, selectively pushing the commodities to the retailer module in the system and purchasing the commodities to the provider module according to the commodity amount ordered by the retailer; applying for a loan to the bank module by the contractual signing module to mortgage accounts receivable;

the retailer module checks the goods released by the distributor module in the system, selectively orders the goods, and the formed purchase order completes the distributor module and accounts receivable of the downstream retailer module as a mortgage to apply for loans to banks through the contract signing module in the system;

the bank module comprises a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a data analysis module and a data output module; the bank module pays the loan amount of the distributor to the provider module, receives the repayment of the retailer module, pays the money exceeding the repayment amount of the loan to the distributor module;

The vendor module, the distributor module and the retailer module are in data interconnection with the bank module through the Internet, the distributor module is in data interconnection with the vendor module, the retailer module is in data interconnection with the distributor module, and the retailer module is not in direct interconnection with the vendor module.

2. The distributor receivables mortgage banking financing pricing decision system of claim 1,

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring receivables data of the distributor from the receivables management module of the distributor module, and the receivables data comprise receivables amount, due date, payers and payment mode information; the credit rating data of the distributor is acquired, and comprises financial statement, transaction record and social evaluation data of the distributor; the system comprises a retailer module, a contract signing module, a deposit management module and a deposit management module, wherein the retailer module is used for acquiring commodity information ordered by the retailer module and information of accounts receivable in the contract signing module as a mortgage for applying loans to banks; for collecting real data purchased by the distributor from the supplier module.

3. The distributor receivables mortgage banking financing pricing decision system of claim 1,

the data processing module is used for processing the collected receivables data, and comprises:

Based on the credit rating and the payment mode of the retailers, calculating a mortgage rate of each accounts receivable, wherein the mortgage rate Z is a weighted average value of the credit rating and the payment mode of the retailers;

based on the remaining term T and the mortgage rate Z of the accounts receivable, calculating a present value PV of each accounts receivable, wherein the present value PV is obtained by multiplying the accounts receivable amount S by the mortgage rate Z and then by the cash factor k, and the present value PV is expressed as follows:

the impression factor k isWhere r is the risk-free interest rate of the bank and T is the remaining term of the receivables;

and summing the present values PV of all accounts receivable to obtain financing amount E of the distributor.

4. The distributor receivables mortgage banking financing pricing decision system of claim 1,

the data analysis module is used for analyzing financing amount of the distributor, and comprises the following components:

based on the credit rating and the historical repayment condition of the distributor, carrying out risk assessment on the distributor, wherein the risk assessment is a weighted average value of the credit rating and the historical repayment condition of the distributor;

risk-basedEvaluating and banking target profit margins, pricing the distributor with financing rate j, wherein the financing rate j is the risk-free rate r plus the risk-premium rate f of the bank, and the financing rate j is expressed as the formula The risk premium interest rate f is the risk assessment multiplied by the target profit rate of the bank;

and the data output module is used for outputting financing pricing results to distributors, wherein the financing pricing results comprise financing interest rate j and financing amount.

5. A bank financing pricing decision system under the receivables mortgage of the distributor as claimed in claim 3 wherein the data processing module is provided with a risk assessment module for risk assessment of the distributor, the risk premium interest rate f comprising the steps of:

(1) Acquiring credit rating data of a distributor, wherein the credit rating data comprises financial statement, transaction record and social evaluation data of the distributor;

(2) Standardized processing is carried out on credit rating data of distributors, data with different dimensions are converted into standardized numerical value b with the same dimension, and the standardized numerical value b is usedFormula, wherein x is the original data, mu is the average value, and sigma is the standard deviation;

(3) Weighting and summing the credit rating data of the distributors to obtain credit scores CS of the distributors, wherein the credit scores CS areWherein n is the number of dimensions, +.>Is->Weights of individual dimensions ∈>Is->Standardized data for each dimension;

(4) Historical repayment data of the distributor is obtained from the historical repayment module, wherein the historical repayment data comprise repayment amount, repayment time, overdue times, overdue days and the like of the distributor;

(5) The historical repayment data of the distributor is subjected to standardized processing, and the data in different dimensions are converted into standardized value y in the same dimension, and the standardized value y is usedFormula, wherein xb is the original data of the historical repayment data, μb is the average value of the historical repayment data, and σb is the standard deviation of the historical repayment data;

(6) Weighting and summing historical repayment data of the distributor to obtain a repayment score RS of the distributor, wherein the repayment score RS is as followsWherein m is the number of indexes, +.>Weight of the H index, +.>Standardized data for the H index;

(7) Weighted average is carried out on credit scores and repayment scores of the distributors to obtain risk assessment of the distributors, wherein the risk assessment RA is thatWherein p and q are weights of credit score and repayment score, CS is credit score, and RS is repayment score;

(8) The calculation formula of the risk premium interest rate f isWhere RA is the risk assessment and TPR is the target profit margin for the bank.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the contract signing module is configured to generate and store a transaction contract between the distributor and the retailer in the system, and synchronize receivables information involved in the contract to the bank module; the contract signing module is also used for generating and storing financing contracts between distributors and banks in the system and synchronizing the collection accounts of the banks in the contracts to the retailer module and the distributor module.

7. The bank financing and pricing decision-making method under the accounts receivable mortgage of the distributor is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

(1) The suppliers issue goods on the supplier modules and provide goods for the distributor;

(2) The distributor checks the goods distributed by the provider module in the system and selectively pushes the goods to the retailer module in the system;

(3) The retailers check the goods distributed by the distributor module in the retailers module of the system, selectively order the goods and sign trade contracts with the contract signing module of the distributor in the system;

(4) The distributor applies the receivables between the distributor and the downstream retailers as mortgages to banks for loans, and signs financing contracts with contract signing modules of the banks in the system;

(5) The bank collects transaction data and credit rating data among the distributor, the suppliers and the retailers from the system, and carries out risk assessment, financing amount calculation and financing pricing on the distributor;

(6) The bank outputs financing pricing results to the distributor, including a financing rate j and a financing amount E;

(7) The distributor determines the contract with the bank through the contract signing module, and the bank directly pays money to the bank account of the provider on the provider module.