CN117053438A - Shower head type liquid helium evaporator and refrigerator - Google Patents
Shower head type liquid helium evaporator and refrigerator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117053438A CN117053438A CN202310958313.7A CN202310958313A CN117053438A CN 117053438 A CN117053438 A CN 117053438A CN 202310958313 A CN202310958313 A CN 202310958313A CN 117053438 A CN117053438 A CN 117053438A
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- Prior art keywords
- liquid helium
- vapor
- inner cavity
- evaporation opening
- helium
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- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D31/00—Other cooling or freezing apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, and discloses a shower liquid helium evaporator and a refrigerator, which comprise: the liquid helium loading main body is internally provided with an inner cavity, the inner cavity is provided with an evaporation opening, and the inner cavity is used for loading liquid helium; the temperature control heating component is connected to the liquid helium loading main body and used for sensing temperature and heating so as to enable the liquid helium to form vapor; the steam flow regulating piece is connected to the evaporation opening of the inner cavity and is movable to regulate the size of a gap with the evaporation opening; and the airflow dispersing part is arranged outside the evaporation opening and is used for dispersing vapor clusters. The problems of insufficient sensible heat utilization and resource waste of the steam caused by the fact that the steam in the prior art is too concentrated and cannot uniformly absorb surrounding heat and sensible heat is not utilized to the maximum extent are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of refrigeration, in particular to a shower liquid helium evaporator and a refrigerator.
Background
In the conventional refrigerator, there is a process of performing cooling by absorbing ambient heat by changing a liquid state from a liquid state to a gas state and lowering an ambient temperature. For example: the conversion of liquid helium from a liquid state to a gaseous state will form a process that absorbs ambient heat, the heat generated by this endothermic process being called latent heat. When liquid helium is converted into helium vapor, the heat to be absorbed in the rising process of helium vapor is a larger heat absorption process, and the form of the ambient heat is called sensible heat. Sensible heat is several tens times greater than latent heat, and the temperature taken away can be lower than the ambient temperature.
The existing refrigerator realizes heat exchange of gas by taking helium as a refrigerating working medium, so that samples in the refrigerating equipment can be quickly refrigerated. However, the vapor evaporated by the liquid helium tends to agglomerate, and then in the rising process, the vapor is too concentrated, so that the ambient heat cannot be uniformly absorbed, the sensible heat is not utilized to the maximum extent, the sensible heat of the vapor is not utilized sufficiently, the resource is wasted, and the cooling requirement of the experiment sample in the experiment cavity or other parts needing cooling cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present application aims to provide a shower-head liquid helium evaporator and a refrigerator, which solve the problems of insufficient sensible heat utilization and resource waste of vapor caused by the fact that the vapor is too concentrated to uniformly absorb ambient heat and the sensible heat is not utilized to the maximum extent in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
in one aspect, the present application provides a shower-type liquid helium vaporizer, comprising:
the liquid helium loading main body is internally provided with an inner cavity, the inner cavity is provided with an evaporation opening, and the inner cavity is used for loading liquid helium;
the temperature control heating component is connected to the liquid helium loading main body and used for sensing temperature and heating so as to enable the liquid helium to form vapor;
the steam flow regulating piece is connected to the evaporation opening of the inner cavity and is movable to regulate the size of a gap with the evaporation opening;
and the airflow dispersing part is arranged outside the evaporation opening and is used for dispersing vapor clusters.
Optionally, the vapor flow regulator comprises: the screw connection part extends into the inner cavity and is screwed on the liquid helium loading main body;
the adjusting part is connected to the screw connection part and is positioned at the inner side of the evaporation opening;
the adjusting part moves up and down through the rotation of the screw connection part so as to adjust the distance between the outer wall of the adjusting part and the inner wall of the evaporation opening.
Optionally, the inner wall of the evaporation opening is obliquely arranged, and the outer wall of the adjusting part is matched with the evaporation opening and is obliquely arranged;
the inner diameter of the evaporation opening increases gradually in a direction away from the inner cavity.
Optionally, a boss is arranged at the bottom center of the inner cavity, and a threaded hole is arranged on the boss;
the screw connection part is screwed in the threaded hole.
Optionally, a flow guide sleeve is arranged on the liquid helium loading main body, and the flow guide sleeve is arranged around the outer side of the evaporation opening;
the airflow dispersing part includes: the damping net is covered on the guide sleeve, and a plurality of meshes are distributed on the damping net and used for scattering vapor clusters.
Optionally, the airflow dispersing part further comprises a clamping ring, the clamping ring is connected with a damping net, and the damping net is connected to the flow guide sleeve through the clamping ring.
Optionally, the temperature-controlled heating assembly comprises: a heater arranged on the liquid helium loading main body;
a temperature sensor disposed within the liquid helium loading body;
the heating temperature of the heater is detected by a temperature sensor to control the vapor amount formed by the liquid helium.
In another aspect, the present application also provides a refrigerator, including: a refrigerator main body, in which a liquid helium ingress pipe is arranged;
the liquid helium loading main body of the shower-type liquid helium evaporator is connected with the liquid helium ingress pipe, and the liquid helium ingress pipe is communicated with the inner cavity;
the experiment cavity is arranged in the refrigerator main body and is positioned at the outflow side of the airflow dispersing part of the sprinkler type liquid helium evaporator.
Optionally, the refrigerator further comprises a suction pump, and an air inlet end of the suction pump is positioned on one side of the experiment cavity away from the shower-type liquid helium evaporator.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the sprinkler type liquid helium evaporator and the refrigerator provided by the application have the advantages that steam is formed on the surface of liquid helium in the inner cavity, and the generated steam amount is accurately controlled by controlling the heating amount of the temperature control heating assembly. The generated vapor flows out from the gap between the vapor flow regulating piece and the evaporation opening, the size of the gap between the vapor flow regulating piece and the evaporation opening can be regulated in advance by screwing the vapor flow regulating piece, so that the size of the gap can control the size of the air outlet, and different refrigeration demands can be adapted by regulation. The vapor mass flowing out from the gap between the vapor flow regulating piece and the evaporation opening is regulated by the airflow dispersing part, so that the vapor mass can be scattered and flows, the formed helium vapor is more uniform, then the vapor continuously rises upwards to uniformly exchange heat with the surroundings, and the surrounding heat is absorbed to the maximum extent, thereby enabling the sample in the refrigeration equipment to be refrigerated quickly and enabling the low-temperature equipment to work stably. In this form, a minimum temperature of 1.5K to 1.8K can be reached; the sensible heat of the steam is fully utilized to realize the refrigeration and the temperature reduction of experimental samples or other parts needing refrigeration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a shower-type liquid helium vaporizer according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a shower-type liquid helium vaporizer according to an embodiment of the present application after disassembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a shower-type liquid helium vaporizer according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is an enlarged view at a of fig. 4, in which solid arrows indicate the flow direction of helium vapor.
The reference numerals in the drawings: 100. a liquid helium loading body; 112. an evaporation opening; 130. a flow sleeve; 131. a diversion channel; 132. a mounting groove; 200. a temperature-controlled heating assembly; 210. a heater; 220. a temperature sensor; 300. a vapor flow regulator; 310. a screw connection part; 320. an adjusting section; 400. an airflow dispersing section; 410. a damping net; 411. a mesh; 420. a clasp; 500. a refrigerator main body; 510. a liquid helium inlet pipe; 520. a cold guide tube; 530. an experiment cavity; 540. the sample was cooled.
Detailed Description
The application provides a shower liquid helium evaporator and a refrigerator, which are used for making the purposes, technical schemes and effects of the application clearer and more definite, and the application is optionally described in detail below by referring to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, this embodiment provides a shower liquid helium evaporator, which is used in a refrigerator, and as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the shower liquid helium evaporator is matched with an experiment cavity 530 in the refrigerator to exert a refrigerating effect, a refrigerating sample 540 needs to be placed in the experiment cavity 530, and the experiment cavity 530 can realize rapid cooling through heat exchange with gas. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the shower liquid helium evaporator mainly comprises: the liquid helium loading body 100, the temperature-controlled heating assembly 200, the vapor flow regulator 300, and the gas flow dispersing section 400. For convenience of structural description, the structural description is made with reference to the flow of the gas in the up-down direction. An inner cavity is provided in the liquid helium loading body 100, the liquid helium loading body 100 is used for connecting a liquid helium ingress pipe 510, the liquid helium ingress pipe 510 is communicated with the inner cavity, and refrigerating liquid (liquid helium) enters the inner cavity through the liquid helium ingress pipe 510, so that the liquid helium is temporarily stored in the inner cavity. In the embodiment, liquid helium is adopted as the refrigerating liquid, so that the refrigerating effect can be improved. The liquid helium can evaporate in the inner cavity, the inner cavity is provided with an evaporation opening 112, the evaporation opening 112 is positioned on the upper surface of the liquid helium loading main body 100, and helium vapor evaporated by the liquid helium flows out of the evaporation opening 112. The temperature-controlled heating assembly 200 is connected to the liquid helium loading body 100 and is used for temperature-sensitive heating so that liquid helium forms helium vapor; the temperature-controlled heating assembly 200 can heat and precisely control the heating temperature, so that liquid helium in the inner cavity can be evaporated after being heated. The steam flow regulating member 300 is connected to the evaporation opening 112 of the inner cavity and regulates the size of a gap with the evaporation opening 112 by moving; the vapor amount flowing out of the evaporation opening 112 is controlled by the vapor flow regulator 300 to meet the refrigeration temperature and the refrigeration speed required by the refrigeration article. The gas flow dispersing part 400 is provided outside the evaporation opening 112 and is used for dispersing helium vapor gas masses; because helium vapor flowing out of the evaporation opening 112 is relatively concentrated to form a helium vapor gas mass, the helium vapor mass passes through the upper gas flow dispersing part 400 when flowing upwards, so that the gas mass is dispersed, and the gas flow is more uniform.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5 (wherein the solid arrows indicate the flow direction of helium vapor), in the embodiment, liquid helium is introduced into the liquid helium loading body 100 through the liquid helium introduction pipe 510, the liquid helium is heated by controlling the temperature control heating unit 200, the surface of the liquid helium in the inner cavity is formed into vapor, and the amount of vapor generated is precisely controlled by controlling the heating amount of the temperature control heating unit 200. The generated vapor flows out from the gap between the vapor flow regulating element 300 and the evaporation opening 112, the size of the gap between the vapor flow regulating element 300 and the evaporation opening 112 can be regulated in advance by screwing the vapor flow regulating element 300, so that the size of the gap can control the size of the air outlet, different refrigeration demands are adapted by regulation before different experimental requirements, and the phenomenon that the helium vapor is lost too much due to the overlarge opening is avoided under the condition that the current refrigeration demands are met, so that the helium vapor is wasted is caused. The vapor mass flowing out from the gap between the vapor flow regulator 300 and the evaporation opening 112 is adjusted by the airflow dispersing part 400, the airflow dispersing part 400 is provided with the mesh 411, the vapor mass can be dispersed and then flows through the mesh 411, the formed helium vapor is more uniform, the uniform helium vapor flows in the cold guide pipe 520 in the refrigerator, the experiment cavity 530 is positioned in the cold guide pipe 520, the experiment cavity 530 is internally provided with the refrigerating sample 540, the heat exchange is carried out uniformly with the periphery of the experiment cavity 530 by continuously rising upwards through the uniform helium vapor, and the heat around the experiment cavity is absorbed to the maximum extent, so that the refrigerating sample 540 in the refrigerator can be quickly refrigerated, and the temperature in the experiment cavity 530 can reach the lowest temperature of 1.5K-1.8K in this way, and the refrigerator can stably work. Therefore, the sensible heat of the vapor is fully utilized to realize the function of refrigerating and cooling the experimental sample or other parts needing refrigeration.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the temperature-controlled heating assembly 200 specifically includes: a heater 210 and a temperature sensor 220. The heater 210 is provided on the liquid helium loading body 100 and generates heat when energized, and the generated heat reaches the inner chamber by conduction of the liquid helium loading body 100 and heats and evaporates the liquid helium in the inner chamber. The temperature sensor 220 is disposed in the liquid helium loading body 100, and is used for detecting the heating temperature of the heater 210, and controlling the heating of the heater 210 according to the heating temperature, so that the heating temperature meets the temperature control requirement, and precise temperature control is realized, thereby achieving precise control of the amount of evaporated helium vapor, and avoiding a great deal of waste of helium vapor under the condition of meeting the refrigeration temperature requirement. In a specific structure, the liquid helium loading main body 100 includes a main body seat at the upper part and a mounting table at the lower part, and the mounting table is fixedly arranged below the main body seat and can be positioned right below the inner cavity. The heater 210 is fixedly mounted on the mounting table, and the width dimension of the mounting table is smaller than the radial dimension of the main body seat, so that the outer wall of the mounting table is close to the inner cavity as much as possible, and the heater 210 is close to the inner cavity, so that more generated heat is transmitted to the inner cavity, and the heat loss is small. The temperature sensor 220 is located in the middle of the mounting table, so that the temperature sensor 220 is closer to the inner cavity, stable detection around the inner cavity is more accurate, and accurate control is more facilitated.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the vapor flow rate adjuster 300 in the present embodiment further includes: screw portion 310 and adjustment portion 320. The screw connection part 310 and the adjusting part 320 are integrally formed, the screw connection part 310 adopts a stud, and the lower end of the stud extends into the inner cavity and is screwed on the liquid helium loading main body 100. The adjusting portion 320 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the screw portion 310, is disposed outside the inner cavity and is located inside the evaporation opening 112, so that a gap can be formed between the adjusting portion 320 and the inner wall of the evaporation opening 112, and the evaporation opening 112 can be closed by attaching. The adjusting part 320 moves up and down by the rotation of the screw part 310 to adjust the distance between the outer wall of the adjusting part 320 and the inner wall of the evaporation opening 112; the gap may be closed by a distance adjustment that is larger or smaller. The adjusting part 320 is provided with a butt joint hole, before an experiment, the adjusting part 320 is screwed by connecting the butt joint hole through a tool to drive the screw part 310 to rotate, and the screw part 310 is rotated to ascend or descend according to the parameter requirement of the experiment, so that the adjusting part 320 is driven to ascend or descend. Before the experiment, the steam flow regulating part 300 is regulated in advance, and the operation process is simple, the structural design is simple, and the practicability is strong.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, further, the inner wall of the evaporation opening 112 is inclined, the outer wall of the adjusting portion 320 is matched with the evaporation opening 112 and is inclined, and the inner diameter of the evaporation opening 112 is gradually increased in a direction away from the inner cavity. The evaporation opening 112 is in the form of an inverted cone, and the corresponding adjustment portion 320 is also in the form of an inverted cone for mating use. When the inversely tapered regulating portion 320 is raised by screwing, the larger the distance between the outer wall of the regulating portion 320 and the inner wall of the evaporation opening 112, the larger the gap is, and the larger the outflow amount of helium vapor is, the larger the amount of helium vapor is. When the adjusting portion 320 is twisted in the opposite direction, the smaller the distance between the outer wall of the adjusting portion 320 and the inner wall of the evaporation opening 112, the smaller the gap, and thus the smaller the outflow amount of helium vapor. Therefore, the size of the gap can be effectively adjusted, before experiments are carried out, the adjusting part 320 can be screwed in advance to adjust the size of the gap according to the refrigerating time and the refrigerating temperature requirement, and the gap can be matched with the temperature control heating assembly 200 for use, so that the outflow amount of helium vapor flowing out of the evaporation opening 112 reaches balance, the refrigerating temperature requirement in the required time is met, the using amount of liquid helium can be controlled, and the liquid helium resource is saved. The structure of the reverse taper can lead helium vapor obliquely, so that the helium vapor can flow out smoothly and can be scattered around the opening after flowing out.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a boss is further disposed in the liquid helium loading body 100, the boss is located at a bottom central position of the inner cavity and protrudes out of the bottom of the inner cavity, a threaded hole is formed in the boss, the threaded hole can be formed at a central position of an upper surface of the boss, an external thread is formed at a lower end of the threaded portion 310, and the threaded portion 310 is screwed into the threaded hole through the external thread. By screwing the vapor flow regulator 300, fine adjustment of the gap between the evaporation opening 112 and the regulator 320 can be realized, and the distance between the relative ascending or descending of the screw is not large, so that precise control of the gap distance can be realized, and precise control of helium vapor outflow can be realized.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, further, in this embodiment, a flow guiding sleeve 130 is disposed on the liquid helium loading main body 100, the flow guiding sleeve 130 is integrally formed with an upper portion of the main body seat, the flow guiding sleeve 130 is disposed around an outer side of the evaporation opening 112, the flow guiding sleeve 130 is in a circular ring shape, and is disposed on the main body seat and extends upwards for a predetermined distance, a flow guiding channel 131 is formed in the flow guiding sleeve 130, the circular ring-shaped flow guiding sleeve 130 surrounds a radial outer side of the evaporation opening 112, the flow guiding channel 131 is communicated with the evaporation opening 112, and the circular ring-shaped flow guiding sleeve 130 is coaxially disposed with the evaporation opening 112. Helium vapor from the evaporation opening 112 enters the heat conductive sleeve, and as it flows out of the smaller gap, it will accumulate into a helium vapor mass at the outflow point, but the helium vapor mass will not be uniform during the ascent.
The airflow dispersing part 400 specifically includes a damping net 410, the damping net 410 covers the upper end opening of the flow guiding sleeve 130, and a plurality of meshes 411 are distributed on the damping net 410, and the meshes 411 are used for dispersing helium vapor gas masses. The damping net 410 is specifically a stainless steel net, the meshes 411 of the damping net are uniformly distributed, and the ascending helium vapor clusters are scattered through the damping net 410, so that the scattered helium vapor clusters uniformly flow out of each mesh 411. In the specific scattering process, when the uneven helium vapor clusters are sprayed onto the damping net, through adjustment of the damping net, in the specific scattering process, when the uneven helium vapor clusters are sprayed onto the damping net, certain outflow resistance is formed on a coverage area of the damping net, a relatively large outflow resistance is formed in a relatively concentrated area of the helium vapor clusters, a relatively small outflow resistance is formed in a relatively sparse area of the helium vapor clusters, and the helium vapor clusters in the relatively concentrated area of the helium vapor clusters are transferred towards a relatively loose area of the helium vapor clusters under the action of a pressure difference. Thereby, helium vapor gas clusters in each area are transferred to be more uniform, and smoother flow is realized.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the mesh holes 411 in the present embodiment may be forward mesh holes 411, and the forming process of the forward mesh holes 411 is mature, so that the area occupied by the non-mesh holes 411 of the damping net 410 is small, and the helium vapor is dispersed, and meanwhile, no larger resistance is caused to the helium vapor, so that the helium vapor is promoted to rise and flow out.
The size of the damping net 410 in this embodiment may be 20-30 mesh. By adopting the square meshes 411 on the damping net 410, helium vapor air clusters in the flow guide sleeve 130 can be effectively dispersed, so that helium vapor flowing out of each square mesh 411 is more uniform, and helium vapor flowing out of the periphery of the experimental cavity 530 is uniformly subjected to heat absorption and refrigeration.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the airflow dispersing part 400 in the present embodiment further includes a clamping ring 420, and the clamping ring 420 is connected to the damping net 410, and the damping net 410 is connected to the flow guiding sleeve 130 through the clamping ring 420. The snap ring 420 may be a circular snap ring 420, and an edge of the circular damping net 410 is fixed on the circular snap ring 420 and covers an upper surface of the snap ring 420. A circle of mounting groove 132 is formed on the inner wall of the upper end of the diversion sleeve 130, and a limit step is formed between the mounting groove 132 and the inner wall of the diversion channel 131. Snap ring 420 inlay in mounting groove 132 to spacing is carried out through spacing step, thereby more convenient with damping net 410 install on water conservancy diversion sleeve 130, makes damping net 410 more stable the fixing in evaporation opening 112 top, has reduced the difficult way of dismouting, and the convenience is often adjusted the adaptability to inside vapor flow regulating member 300.
Example two
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, this embodiment provides a refrigerator, which mainly includes: a refrigerator main body 500, a shower-type liquid helium evaporator as described above, and an experimental chamber 530. A liquid helium introduction pipe 510 is provided in the refrigerator main body 500, and the liquid helium introduction pipe 510 is used for introducing liquid helium. The liquid helium evaporator of the shower type is arranged in the refrigerator main body 500, the liquid helium loading main body 100 of the liquid helium evaporator of the shower type is connected with the liquid helium ingress pipe 510, and the liquid helium ingress pipe 510 is communicated with the inner cavity. A cold guide pipe 520 is provided in the refrigerator main body 500, the cold guide pipe 520 being connected to the liquid helium loading main body 100 such that the gas flow dispersing part 400 is positioned in the cold guide pipe 520; an experimental chamber 530 is formed in the cold guide pipe 520, and the experimental chamber 530 is located at an outflow side, i.e., an upper side passage of the gas flow dispersing part 400 of the shower-type liquid helium evaporator. The refrigerating sample to be tested is placed in the experiment cavity 530, and is placed in the experiment cavity 530 through connection of the experiment rods, so that the periphery of the experiment cavity 530 can be rapidly refrigerated due to sensible heat effect of uniform helium vapor, the refrigerating sample is ensured to be in the required experiment bottom temperature for experiment, and the bottom temperature non-contact experiment cavity 530 refrigerating function is realized.
Further, the refrigerator further comprises a suction pump, and an air inlet end of the suction pump is positioned on one side of the experiment cavity 530 away from the shower-type liquid helium evaporator. Specifically, the suction pump is communicated with the upper end of the cold guide pipe 520, and the suction pump is used for pumping helium vapor in the cold guide pipe 520, so that the helium vapor can continuously flow along the direction from bottom to top, thereby realizing continuous refrigeration, enabling a refrigerated sample to continuously keep the bottom temperature, for example, realizing the refrigeration of the non-contact experiment cavity 530 with the temperature of 1.5K.
In summary, according to the shower-type liquid helium evaporator and the refrigerator provided by the application, the generated vapor amount is precisely controlled by controlling the heating amount of the temperature-controlled heating assembly 200. And the vapor outflow is adjusted by screwing the vapor flow adjusting piece 300 in advance to adapt to different refrigeration demands, so that the phenomenon that the helium vapor is lost too much due to the overlarge opening is avoided under the condition that the current refrigeration demands are met, the waste of the helium vapor is caused, and the liquid helium resource is saved. After the helium vapor is upwards discharged, the helium vapor is regulated by the airflow dispersing part 400, the airflow dispersing part 400 is provided with meshes, the vapor is dispersed and flows through the meshes 411, the formed helium vapor is more uniform, the uniform helium vapor flows in the cold guide pipe 520 in the refrigerator, the experiment cavity 530 is positioned in the cold guide pipe 520, a refrigerating sample is arranged in the experiment cavity 530, and the uniform helium vapor continuously rises to uniformly exchange heat with the periphery of the experiment cavity 530, so that the surrounding heat is absorbed to the greatest extent, thereby the refrigerating sample in the refrigerator can be quickly refrigerated, and the temperature in the experiment cavity 530 can reach the lowest temperature of 1.5K-1.8K in such a way, and the refrigerator can stably work.
It is to be understood that the application is not limited in its application to the examples described above, but is capable of modification and variation in light of the above teachings by those skilled in the art, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A shower head type liquid helium evaporator, comprising:
the liquid helium loading main body is internally provided with an inner cavity, the inner cavity is provided with an evaporation opening, and the inner cavity is used for loading liquid helium;
the temperature control heating component is connected to the liquid helium loading main body and used for temperature-sensing heating so that the liquid helium forms vapor;
the steam flow regulating piece is connected to the evaporation opening of the inner cavity and is used for regulating the size of a gap with the evaporation opening through movement;
and the airflow dispersing part is arranged on the outer side of the evaporation opening and is used for dispersing vapor air clusters.
2. The shower head liquid helium vaporizer of claim 1, wherein the vapor flow regulator comprises: the screw connection part extends into the inner cavity and is screwed on the liquid helium loading main body;
the adjusting part is connected to the screw connection part and is positioned at the inner side of the evaporation opening;
the adjusting part moves up and down through the rotation of the screw connection part so as to adjust the distance between the outer wall of the adjusting part and the inner wall of the evaporation opening.
3. The shower head type liquid helium evaporator according to claim 2, wherein an inner wall of the evaporation opening is obliquely arranged, and an outer wall of the adjusting part is matched with the evaporation opening and is obliquely arranged;
the inner diameter of the evaporation opening gradually increases in a direction away from the inner cavity.
4. The shower head type liquid helium evaporator according to claim 2, wherein a boss is arranged at the bottom center of the inner cavity, and a threaded hole is formed in the boss;
the screw connection part is in screw connection with the threaded hole.
5. The shower head type liquid helium evaporator according to claim 1, wherein a flow guiding sleeve is arranged on the liquid helium loading main body, and the flow guiding sleeve is arranged around the outer side of the evaporation opening;
the airflow dispersing part includes: the damping net covers the guide sleeve, a plurality of meshes are distributed on the damping net and used for scattering steam air clusters.
6. The liquid helium shower evaporator of claim 5, wherein the gas flow dispersion further comprises a snap ring, the snap ring connecting the damping net, the damping net being connected to the flow sleeve by the snap ring.
7. The shower head liquid helium vaporizer of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the temperature controlled heating assembly comprises: a heater disposed on the liquid helium loading body;
a temperature sensor disposed within the liquid helium loading body;
and detecting the heating temperature of the heater by the temperature sensor to control the vapor amount formed by the liquid helium.
8. A showerhead liquid helium vaporizer according to any of claims 1-6, wherein the liquid helium comprises liquid helium.
9. A refrigerator, comprising: a refrigerator main body, wherein a liquid helium ingress pipe is arranged in the refrigerator main body;
the shower-type liquid helium evaporator as set forth in any one of claims 1-8, which is disposed in said refrigerator body, wherein a liquid helium loading body of said shower-type liquid helium evaporator is connected to said liquid helium introducing pipe, said liquid helium introducing pipe being in communication with said inner cavity;
the experiment cavity is arranged in the refrigerator main body and is positioned on the outflow side of the airflow dispersing part of the sprinkler type liquid helium evaporator.
10. The refrigerator of claim 9, further comprising a suction pump having an air intake end located on a side of the experiment chamber facing away from the shower-type liquid helium evaporator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310958313.7A CN117053438B (en) | 2023-07-31 | Shower head type liquid helium evaporator and refrigerator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310958313.7A CN117053438B (en) | 2023-07-31 | Shower head type liquid helium evaporator and refrigerator |
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| CN117053438A true CN117053438A (en) | 2023-11-14 |
| CN117053438B CN117053438B (en) | 2024-04-30 |
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