CN117050717A - Sealant for aviation structure and application - Google Patents
Sealant for aviation structure and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN117050717A CN117050717A CN202310933029.4A CN202310933029A CN117050717A CN 117050717 A CN117050717 A CN 117050717A CN 202310933029 A CN202310933029 A CN 202310933029A CN 117050717 A CN117050717 A CN 117050717A
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- sealant
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- paste
- plasticizer
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- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium tristearate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229940063655 aluminum stearate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- QZCLKYGREBVARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetyl tributyl citrate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(C(=O)OCCCC)(OC(C)=O)CC(=O)OCCCC QZCLKYGREBVARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 26
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diphenylguanidine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=N)NC1=CC=CC=C1 OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- BUZICZZQJDLXJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-4-hydroxybutanoate Chemical compound OCC(N)CC(O)=O BUZICZZQJDLXJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011527 polyurethane coating Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006334 epoxy coating Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013040 rubber vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004587 polysulfide sealant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 description 2
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BOXSVZNGTQTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC.CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC BOXSVZNGTQTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PESZCXUNMKAYME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Citroflex A-4 Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCCCC)C(C(C)=O)C(=O)OCCCC PESZCXUNMKAYME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002052 molecular layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J181/00—Adhesives based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Adhesives based on polysulfones; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J181/04—Polysulfides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
- C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of aviation, and particularly relates to a sealant for an aviation structure and application thereof. The sealant comprises a base paste and a vulcanized paste in a certain dosage ratio, wherein plasticizers used in the base paste and the vulcanized paste are acetyl tributyl citrate, and a mixture of stearic acid and aluminum stearate in a certain mass ratio is also used as a stabilizer in the base paste. The sealant is formed by uniformly mixing the base paste and the vulcanized paste in a certain dosage ratio, is directly used for sealing the detachable cover of the aircraft, is not easy to adhere to a metal substrate and/or an organic coating at room temperature, and is convenient to directly and freely detach.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of aviation, and particularly relates to a sealant for an aviation structure and application thereof.
Background
Certain structures and specific parts of the aviation equipment have sealing requirements, for example, in the manufacturing, using and maintaining processes of an airplane, certain parts such as an oil tank need to relate to a detachable opening cover, and the sealing effect of the joint of the detachable opening cover and a frame directly influences the safe and reliable use effect of the whole oil tank.
The current sealant for the aircraft flap comprises a detachable low-adhesion polysulfide sealant, and the sealant can simultaneously meet the requirements of flap sealing, good construction performance, convenient disassembly and the like due to weak self-adhesion force, however, the sealant has the phenomenon that the sealant is easy to adhere to the surfaces of paint bottoms such as epoxy groups, polyurethane groups and the like and cannot be directly and freely disassembled.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical purpose of the application is to at least solve the problems that the existing sealant for aviation structure is easy to adhere on the surfaces of paint bottoms such as epoxy base and polyurethane base and can not be directly and freely detached.
The aim is achieved by the following technical scheme:
the application provides a sealant for aviation structures, which comprises a base paste and a vulcanized paste with the mass ratio of (8-14), wherein the base paste comprises raw rubber, a first plasticizer and a stabilizer, the mass of the first plasticizer is 25-40% of the mass of the raw rubber, and the mass of the stabilizer is 1.5-3.5% of the mass of the raw rubber;
the vulcanized paste comprises manganese dioxide and a second plasticizer, wherein the mass of the second plasticizer is 80% -150% of that of the manganese dioxide;
the first plasticizer and the second plasticizer are acetyl tributyl citrate;
the stabilizer is a mixture of stearic acid and aluminum stearate.
The application selects acetyl tributyl citrate as plasticizer, and the acetyl tributyl citrate is respectively distributed in the base paste and the vulcanized paste by controlling a certain dosage. In the raw rubber vulcanization process and after vulcanization is completed, attractive force is preferentially generated by the joint surface facing the small molecules with large polarity, acetyl tributyl citrate is used as the small molecules in the system, the acetyl tributyl citrate has stronger polarity, the molecules can be preferentially diffused to the surface of a substrate to be formed into a weak interface layer, and the damage strength of the weak interface layer is far lower than the cohesive failure strength of the sealant, so that the bonding between the sealant and the substrate can achieve the effect of interface failure. Experiments find that the weak interface layer can be formed on the surface of the joint surface to be made of metal materials and is easy to form on the surface of the joint surface of the organic coating, so that the technical problem of easy adhesion between the sealant and the organic coating is solved. Meanwhile, at a certain temperature, the bonding piece formed by the sealant and the organic coating is placed in aviation kerosene or deionized water for soaking for a period of time, and still adhesion is not easy to occur and the disassembly is convenient. In addition, the base paste of the sealant also comprises a mixture of stearic acid and aluminum stearate as a stabilizer, so that the influence on the raw rubber vulcanization process can be reduced, the influence of external environments such as air on the base paste can be effectively relieved, and when the using amount of the plasticizer reaches about 40%, the base paste of the sealant is stored for about 180 days without obvious precipitation. In summary, the sealant for aeronautical structures provided by the application is suitable for bonding aircraft flaps.
In some embodiments of the application, the mass ratio of stearic acid to aluminum stearate in the stabilizer is (1-3): 2-4.
In some embodiments of the application, the first plasticizer is present in an amount of 30% to 40% by mass of the raw rubber.
In some embodiments of the application, the first plasticizer is present in an amount of 30% to 35% by mass of the raw rubber.
In some embodiments of the application, the second plasticizer is 85% to 120% of the mass of the manganese dioxide.
In some embodiments of the application, the mass of the second plasticizer is 90% to 100% of the mass of the manganese dioxide.
In some embodiments of the application, the sealant comprises a base paste and a vulcanizing paste that are applied to a substrate after vulcanization to facilitate direct free disassembly.
In some embodiments of the application, the mass ratio of the base paste to the vulcanizing paste is 100 (10 to 13).
In some embodiments of the application, the substrate comprises one of a metallic material or a metallic material with an organic coating formed on a surface.
In some embodiments of the application, the metallic material comprises one or a combination of two or more of an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy, and a stainless steel.
In some embodiments of the application, the organic coating comprises one or a combination of two or more of an epoxy coating, a polyurethane coating, an acrylic coating, a polyethylene coating.
In some embodiments of the application, the sealant has one or more of the following properties:
(1) The viscosity of the base paste at room temperature is 600 pa.s-1200 pa.s;
(2) After the sealant is vulcanized at room temperature, the Shore hardness of the obtained vulcanized rubber is 35Shore A-50 Shore A;
(3) The adhesion between the vulcanized glass and the base material at room temperature is as follows: the interface destruction rate is more than or equal to 98 percent;
(4) The construction is carried out on a base material at room temperature, and the base material is immersed in deionized water at 60 ℃ for 7 days after vulcanization, so that the following conditions are satisfied: the interface destruction rate is more than or equal to 98 percent;
(5) The method is applied to a base material at room temperature, immersed in aviation kerosene at 60 ℃ for 7 days after vulcanization is completed, and meets the following requirements: the interface destruction rate is more than or equal to 98 percent.
In some embodiments of the application, the base paste further comprises a reinforcing filler.
In some embodiments of the application, the reinforcing filler is 4% to 48% of the mass of the green rubber.
In some embodiments of the application, the reinforcing filler comprises one or a combination of two or more of silica, calcium carbonate, or titanium dioxide.
In some embodiments of the application, the calcium carbonate has a particle size of 0.5 μm to 6 μm.
In some embodiments of the application, the raw rubber is liquid polysulfide rubber.
In some embodiments of the application, the liquid polysulfide rubber has a number average molecular weight of 2400 to 6500.
In some embodiments of the present application, the base paste comprises the following components in parts by weight:
raw rubber: 100 parts;
a first plasticizer: 25-40 parts;
stearic acid: 0.5 to 1.5 parts;
aluminum stearate: 1 to 2 parts;
reinforcing filler: 4-48 parts;
in some embodiments of the application, the reinforcing filler comprises 4 to 8 parts silica and/or 10 to 20 parts calcium carbonate and/or 10 to 20 parts titanium dioxide.
In some embodiments of the application, the vulcanization paste further comprises a vulcanization accelerator and a vulcanization inhibitor.
In some embodiments of the application, the vulcanization accelerator is 0.5% to 18% by mass of the manganese dioxide.
In some embodiments of the application, the vulcanization accelerator comprises one or more of diphenyl guanidine, tetramethylthiuram monosulfide, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.
In some embodiments of the application, the sulfidation inhibitor is 1% -15% of the mass of manganese dioxide.
In some embodiments of the application, the vulcanization inhibitor comprises one or both of stearic acid or oleic acid.
In some embodiments of the present application, the vulcanizing paste comprises the following components in parts by weight:
manganese dioxide: 100 parts;
a second plasticizer: 80-150 parts;
stearic acid: 1 to 15 parts;
diphenyl guanidine: 1 to 6 parts;
tetramethylthiuram disulfide: 0.5 to 4 parts;
zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate: 0.5 to 8 parts.
The second aspect of the application discloses a preparation method of a sealant, which comprises the following steps:
preparing base paste: mixing the components in each proportion uniformly, and then adopting a three-roller grinder or high-speed dispersing and stirring equipment to further mix uniformly;
preparing a vulcanized paste: mixing the components in each proportion uniformly, and then adopting a three-roller grinder or high-speed dispersing and stirring equipment to further mix uniformly;
mixing the base paste and the vulcanized paste with a certain mass ratio by hand, and uniformly mixing in a three-roller grinder or a double-component single-package rubber cylinder.
In a third aspect of the application, the use of a sealant is disclosed, the sealant being applied to a removable hatch of an aircraft to facilitate direct free removal.
Detailed Description
More than one hundred covers on the aircraft body have different functions. Part of the covers need to bear tasks such as installing equipment, checking the working condition of the system in the machine, maintaining and the like, so the covers need to be frequently disassembled. Meanwhile, the flap is an indispensable important part of the aircraft body, and the sealing and the waterproof are more critical. In the use process of the airplane, condensed water can be deposited on the surface, and in the rainy days and the cleaning process, rainwater and cleaning liquid flow through the surface of the airplane; in addition, the cover at the oil tank part also prevents the fuel from leaking out. Once the sealing performance of the flap is poor, the flap can cause great potential safety hazard, and the service life of the aircraft is seriously influenced. Therefore, sealing at the removable covers of the aircraft is particularly important. The early detachable covers are mainly sealed by rubber or foam gaskets, however, partial covers have the problems of irregular shapes or uneven surfaces caused by material tolerance, and the like, so that the gaskets are difficult to be tightly attached between the covers and the mouth frame, and the sealing effect is poor. In order to solve the problem, the mouth frame is coated with sealant and the mouth cover is coated with isolating agent for sealing. Although the sealing effect of the method is obviously improved, the migration phenomenon of the isolating agent occurs after the isolating agent is opened for a plurality of times or is not opened for a long time, the flap is adhered, and the flap is seriously scrapped. With this in mind, a detachable low adhesion polysulfide sealant has been used in recent years for aircraft flap seals. The adhesive force is weaker, and the requirements of sealing the flap, good construction and easy disassembly can be met.
Currently, the sealant for aircraft flaps comprises a detachable low-adhesion polysulfide sealant, and the sealant generally adopts chlorinated paraffin, terphenyl and the like as plasticizers to reduce the adhesion, however, the compatibility between the plasticizers and polysulfide rubber commonly used in raw rubber is not good, and after the polysulfide rubber is vulcanized, a stable small molecular layer is difficult to form between the sealant and an organic resin substrate due to the rapid precipitation of the plasticizers. This results in a very easy adhesion of the sealant to the substrate and requires that the entire adhesive be soaked in aviation kerosene or deionized water to complete the disassembly.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application discloses a sealant for aviation structure, which comprises base paste and vulcanized paste with the mass ratio of (8-14), wherein the base paste comprises raw rubber, a first plasticizer and a stabilizer, the mass of the first plasticizer is 25-40% of the mass of the raw rubber, and the mass of the stabilizer is 1.5-3.5% of the mass of the raw rubber; the vulcanizing paste comprises manganese dioxide and a second plasticizer, wherein the mass of the second plasticizer is 80% -150% of that of the manganese dioxide. The application selects acetyl tributyl citrate as plasticizer, and the acetyl tributyl citrate is respectively distributed in the base paste and the vulcanized paste by controlling a certain dosage. In the raw rubber vulcanization process and after vulcanization is completed, attractive force is preferentially generated by the joint surface facing the small molecules with large polarity, acetyl tributyl citrate is used as the small molecules in the system, the acetyl tributyl citrate has stronger polarity, the molecules can be preferentially diffused to the surface of a substrate to be formed into a weak interface layer, and the damage strength of the weak interface layer is far lower than the cohesive failure strength of the sealant, so that the bonding between the sealant and the substrate can achieve the effect of interface failure. Experiments find that the weak interface layer can be formed on the surface of the joint surface to be made of metal materials and is easy to form on the surface of the joint surface of the organic coating, so that the technical problem of easy adhesion between the sealant and the organic coating is solved. Meanwhile, at a certain temperature, the bonding piece formed by the sealant and the organic coating is placed in aviation kerosene or deionized water for soaking for a period of time, and still adhesion is not easy to occur and the disassembly is convenient. In addition, the base paste of the sealant also comprises a mixture of stearic acid and aluminum stearate as a stabilizer, so that the influence on the raw rubber vulcanization process can be reduced, the influence of external environments such as air on the base paste can be effectively relieved, and when the using amount of the plasticizer reaches about 40%, the base paste of the sealant is stored for about 180 days without obvious precipitation. In summary, the sealant for aeronautical structures provided by the application is suitable for bonding aircraft flaps.
In order to achieve the technical aim, the first aspect of the application discloses a sealant for aviation structure, which comprises a base paste and a vulcanized paste with the mass ratio of (8-14), wherein the base paste comprises raw rubber, a first plasticizer and a stabilizer, the mass of the first plasticizer is 25-40% of the mass of the raw rubber, and the mass of the stabilizer is 1.5-3.5% of the mass of the raw rubber; the vulcanized paste comprises manganese dioxide and a second plasticizer, wherein the mass of the second plasticizer is 80-150% of that of the manganese dioxide; wherein the first plasticizer and the second plasticizer are acetyl tributyl citrate; the stabilizer is a mixture of stearic acid and aluminum stearate.
The plasticizer molecules in the application comprise polar molecules which can easily act with polar groups on rubber molecules, and the polar group acting force between rubber molecules is shielded, so that the acting force between raw rubber molecules is reduced to realize the technical purposes of increasing plasticity and improving processing technology performance.
The stabilizer reduces the influence on the vulcanization process by improving the mechanical and chemical stability of raw rubber, and in addition, when the plasticizer consumption is about 40%, the component precipitation in the base paste can be reduced due to the existence of the stabilizer, thereby being beneficial to improving the stability of the sealant.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of stearic acid to aluminum stearate in the stabilizer is (1-3): 2-4.
According to the application, a certain amount of aluminum stearate and stearic acid are used together, so that adverse effects of excessive stearic acid on raw rubber vulcanization can be reduced.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of stearic acid to aluminum stearate is (1.2-2.5): 2.5-3.8.
The stabilizer with the mass ratio is favorable for realizing relatively better stability improvement on the sealant.
In some embodiments, the mass of the first plasticizer is 30% to 40% of the mass of the raw rubber.
In the application, the type and the amount of the plasticizer have an influence on the formation of a weak interface layer between molecules and a substrate, and when the mass ratio of the first plasticizer exceeds 40%, the stability of the sealant itself is reduced.
In some embodiments, the mass of the first plasticizer is 30% to 35% of the mass of the raw rubber.
In the application, the first plasticizer with the mass ratio is adopted, which is beneficial to forming a weak interface layer and does not influence the stability of the sealant.
In some embodiments, the mass of the second plasticizer is 85% to 120% of the mass of the manganese dioxide.
The use of a certain amount of the second plasticizer in combination with manganese dioxide in the present application is advantageous for adjusting the low adhesion properties of the base paste.
In some embodiments, the mass of the second plasticizer is 90% to 100% of the mass of the manganese dioxide.
In some embodiments, the sealant comprises a base paste and a vulcanizing paste which are uniformly mixed and applied on the base material, and can be directly and freely detached after vulcanization is completed.
The vulcanization of the present application comprises any process conventional in the art.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of base paste to vulcanizing paste is 100 (10-13).
In some embodiments, the substrate comprises one of a metallic material or a metallic material with an organic coating formed on a surface.
In some embodiments, the metallic material comprises one or a combination of two or more of an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy, a stainless steel.
In some embodiments, the organic coating comprises one or a combination of two or more of an epoxy-containing coating, a polyurethane coating, an acrylic coating, a polyethylene coating.
In some embodiments, the sealant has one or more of the following properties:
(1) The viscosity of the base paste at room temperature is 600 pa.s-1200 pa.s;
(2) Vulcanizing at room temperature, wherein the Shore hardness of the vulcanized rubber is 35Shore A-50 Shore A;
(3) The adhesion between the vulcanized glass and the base material at room temperature is as follows: the interface destruction rate is more than or equal to 98 percent;
(4) The method is applied to a base material at room temperature, and is immersed in deionized water at 60 ℃ for 7 days after vulcanization, so that the following conditions are satisfied: the interface destruction rate is more than or equal to 98 percent;
(5) The method is applied to a base material at room temperature, is immersed in aviation kerosene at 60 ℃ for 7 days after being vulcanized, and meets the following requirements: the interface destruction rate is more than or equal to 98 percent.
Therefore, the sealant disclosed by the application has the advantages that the sealant has proper viscosity of base paste and hardness of vulcanized rubber, can be freely disassembled after being constructed on a metal material and vulcanized, can be easily constructed on the surface of an organic coating, and can be freely disassembled after being vulcanized, so that the technical problem of easiness in adhesion between the sealant and the surface of the organic coating is solved. Meanwhile, at a certain temperature, the bonding piece formed by the sealant and the organic coating is placed in aviation kerosene or deionized water for soaking for a period of time, and still adhesion is not easy to occur and the disassembly is convenient.
In some embodiments, the base paste further comprises a reinforcing filler.
In some embodiments, the reinforcing filler is 4% to 48% of the mass of the raw rubber.
In some embodiments, the reinforcing filler comprises one or a combination of two or more of silica, calcium carbonate, or titanium dioxide.
The silica of the present application includes, but is not limited to, fumed silica; the calcium carbonate includes, but is not limited to, superfine activated calcium carbonate, light calcium carbonate and the like, and the particle size of the light calcium carbonate is 0.5-6 mu m; titanium dioxide includes, but is not limited to, rutile titanium dioxide.
In some embodiments, the raw rubber is liquid polysulfide rubber.
In some embodiments, the liquid polysulfide rubber has a number average molecular weight of 2400 to 6500.
In some embodiments, the liquid polysulfide rubber has the formula:
in the above formula, the substituent R isa+b+c=n; n is between 7 and 38. The mole percentage of the cross-linking agent content is 0.5-2.0%, and the mercapto content is 1.0-2.7%.
In some embodiments, the base paste comprises the following components in parts by weight:
raw rubber: 100 parts;
a first plasticizer: 25-40 parts;
stearic acid: 0.5 to 1.5 parts;
aluminum stearate: 1 to 2 parts;
reinforcing filler: 4-48 parts.
In some embodiments, the reinforcing filler comprises 4 to 8 parts fumed silica and/or 10 to 20 parts superfine activated calcium carbonate and/or 10 to 20 parts rutile titanium dioxide.
In some embodiments, the base paste comprises the following components in parts by weight:
raw rubber: 100 parts;
a first plasticizer: 25-40 parts;
stearic acid: 0.5 to 1.5 parts;
aluminum stearate: 1 to 2 parts;
silica: 4-8 parts;
calcium carbonate: 10-20 parts;
titanium dioxide: 10-20 parts.
In some embodiments, the curing paste further comprises a curing accelerator and a curing inhibitor.
In some embodiments, the vulcanization accelerator is 0.5% to 18% by mass of the manganese dioxide.
In some embodiments, the vulcanization accelerator comprises one or more of diphenyl guanidine, tetramethylthiuram monosulfide, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.
In some embodiments, the sulfidation inhibitor is 1% -15% of the mass of manganese dioxide.
In some embodiments, the vulcanization inhibitor comprises one or both of stearic acid or oleic acid.
In some embodiments, the curing paste comprises the following components in parts by weight:
manganese dioxide: 100 parts;
a second plasticizer: 80-150 parts;
stearic acid: 1 to 15 parts;
diphenyl guanidine: 1 to 6 parts;
tetramethylthiuram disulfide: 0.5 to 4 parts;
zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate: 0.5 to 8 parts.
The second aspect of the application discloses a preparation method of a sealant for an aviation structure, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing base paste: mixing the components in each proportion uniformly, and then adopting a three-roller grinder or high-speed dispersing and stirring equipment to further mix uniformly;
s2, preparing vulcanized paste: mixing the components in each proportion uniformly, and then adopting a three-roller grinder or high-speed dispersing and stirring equipment to further mix uniformly;
s3, mixing the base paste and the vulcanized paste in a certain mass ratio by hand, and uniformly mixing in a three-roller grinder or a double-component single-package rubber cylinder;
and (3) directly constructing the uniformly mixed sealant at the detachable cover of the aircraft.
In a third aspect of the application, the use of a sealant is disclosed, the sealant being applied to a removable hatch of an aircraft to facilitate direct and free removal.
Exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below, however, it should be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the application to those skilled in the art. And the chemical reagents used in the examples described below comprise any type, purity, etc. as is conventional in the art, and the equipment used comprises any type as is conventional in the art.
Examples 1 to 13, and comparative examples 1 to 5 each provide a sealant for an aeronautical structure, the specifications of the components in the sealant are shown in table 1; the number average molecular weight of the liquid polysulfide rubber is 5000, and the mercapto content is about 1.5%.
TABLE 1 component specification list
| Sequence number | Component of base paste | Specification of specification | Components of vulcanizing paste | Specification of specification |
| 1 | Liquid polysulfide rubber | G1/G4/G131 | Manganese dioxide | Industrial grade |
| 2 | Fumed silica | A-200 | Acetyl tributyl citrate | Industrial grade |
| 3 | Light active calcium carbonate | 0.5μm～6μm | Stearic acid | Industrial grade |
| 4 | Rutile type titanium dioxide | R-930 | Diphenyl guanidine | Industrial grade |
| 5 | Acetyl tributyl citrate | Industrial grade | Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide | Industrial grade |
| 6 | Stearic acid | Industrial grade | 2-mercaptobenzothiazoles | Industrial grade |
| 7 | Aluminum stearate | Industrial grade | -- | -- |
The specific amounts of the components in Table 1 are shown in Table 2 and Table 3, and the compositions of examples 1 to 13 and comparative examples 1 to 5 are shown in detail.
Specifically, comparative example 1 is different in that chlorinated paraffin is selected as the first plasticizer, dibutyl phthalate is selected as the second plasticizer, and terphenyl is selected as the first plasticizer, dibutyl phthalate is selected as the second plasticizer; the amounts of the plasticizers of comparative example 3 and comparative example 4 are not within the scope of the present application, the first plasticizer of comparative example 5 is tri-n-butyl acetylcitrate and the second plasticizer is dibutyl phthalate.
Table 2 list of specific amounts of the components (I)
Table 3 list of specific amounts of the components (II)
The base pastes prepared in the above examples and comparative examples and the vulcanized paste were uniformly mixed according to a certain mass ratio and then applied to a substrate, wherein the substrates of examples 1 to 2 were aluminum alloys, the substrates of examples 3 to 4 were titanium alloys, the substrates of examples 5 to 6 were stainless steel, the substrates of examples 7 to 8 were metal pieces surface-coated with epoxy paint, the substrates of examples 9 to 10 were metal pieces surface-coated with polyurethane paint, the substrates of examples 11 to 12 were metal pieces surface-coated with acrylic paint, the substrates of example 13 were metal pieces surface-coated with polyethylene paint, the substrate of comparative example 1 was metal piece surface-coated with epoxy paint, the substrate of comparative example 2 was metal piece surface-coated with epoxy paint, the substrate of comparative example 3 was metal piece surface-coated with epoxy paint, the substrate of comparative example 4 was metal piece surface-coated with epoxy paint, and the substrate of comparative example 5 was metal piece surface-coated with epoxy paint.
And viscosity was measured according to U.S. Standard AS 5127/1;
hardness was measured according to GB/T531.1 using a Shore A durometer;
peel strength as measured in HB 5249;
the interfacial failure rate is measured by the naked eye or by an auxiliary micro-observational measurement instrument.
The construction period of the sealants prepared in examples 1 to 13 of the present application was not significantly different from that of the existing sealants, but the construction period of the sealants of the present application was not greatly varied even after the aging treatment, which suggests that the properties of the sealants of the present application were relatively stable.
Table 4 list of properties of examples and comparative examples
As is clear from Table 4, the present application devised a sealant with low adhesion, which is easy to be disassembled directly and freely after the completion of vulcanization, regardless of whether it acts on the metal substrate used at the flap or the surface of the organic paint, and at the same time, which has a certain oil and water resistance, and which is easy to be disassembled even if it coexists with kerosene and deionized water for a certain period of time. In addition, the sealant also has certain stability, the sealant protected in the example 5 is left to stand for about 180 days at normal temperature after vulcanization is completed, no obvious precipitation is generated, and the sealant in the comparative example 1 is left to stand for 40 days, so that obvious precipitation is generated.
The sealants of comparative examples 1, 2 and 5 do not have the function of freely detaching on the surface of the organic coating, the plasticizer content in the base paste of comparative example 3 is lower than the value in the range of the application, the viscosity of the sealant is larger, and the sealant is not easy to operate; in addition, since the plasticizer is not formed at the interface after being completely precipitated, the service life is shorter than that of other examples, and the plasticizer is easier to adhere to the surface of the organic coating. The plasticizer content in the base paste of comparative example 4 is higher than the value in the range of the present application, and it is easy to precipitate out the plasticizer after leaving for a period of time at ordinary temperature after completion of vulcanization.
In conclusion, the sealant disclosed by the application can be directly used for sealing the detachable flap of an aircraft, is not easy to adhere to a metal substrate and/or an organic coating at room temperature, and is convenient to directly and freely detach.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the application is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A sealant for an aerospace structure, characterized by: comprises base paste and vulcanized paste with the mass ratio of (8-14) of 100;
the base paste comprises raw rubber, a first plasticizer and a stabilizer, wherein the mass of the first plasticizer is 25-40% of the mass of the raw rubber, and the mass of the stabilizer is 1.5-3.5% of the mass of the raw rubber;
the vulcanized paste comprises manganese dioxide and a second plasticizer, wherein the mass of the second plasticizer is 80% -150% of that of the manganese dioxide;
the first plasticizer and the second plasticizer are acetyl tributyl citrate;
the stabilizer is a mixture of stearic acid and aluminum stearate.
2. The sealant according to claim 1, wherein: in the stabilizer, the mass ratio of stearic acid to aluminum stearate is (1-3) to (2-4).
3. The sealant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the mass of the first plasticizer is 30-40% of the mass of the raw rubber, preferably 30-35%;
and/or; the mass of the second plasticizer is 85-120% of the mass of the manganese dioxide, preferably 90-100%.
4. The sealant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the sealant comprises the steps of uniformly mixing base paste and vulcanized paste, and then constructing the mixture on a base material for vulcanization so as to facilitate direct and free disassembly;
preferably, the mass ratio of the base paste to the vulcanized paste is 100 (10-13);
preferably, the substrate comprises one of a metallic material or a metallic material with an organic coating formed on the surface thereof;
preferably, the metal material comprises one or a combination of more than two of aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and stainless steel;
preferably, the organic coating comprises one or a combination of more than two of epoxy coating, polyurethane coating, acrylic coating, polyethylene coating.
5. The sealant according to claim 4, wherein: the sealant has one or more of the following properties:
(1) The viscosity of the base paste at room temperature is 600 pa.s-1200 pa.s;
(2) After the sealant is vulcanized at room temperature, the Shore hardness of the obtained vulcanized rubber is 35Shore A-50 Shore A;
(3) The adhesion between the sealant and the substrate after vulcanization at room temperature satisfies the following conditions: the interface destruction rate is more than or equal to 98 percent;
(4) The construction is carried out on a base material at room temperature, and the base material is immersed in deionized water at 60 ℃ for 7 days after vulcanization, so that the following conditions are satisfied: the interface destruction rate is more than or equal to 98 percent;
(5) The method is applied to a base material at room temperature, immersed in aviation kerosene at 60 ℃ for 7 days after vulcanization is completed, and meets the following requirements: the interface destruction rate is more than or equal to 98 percent.
6. The sealant according to claim 1 or 2 or 5, characterized in that: the base paste also comprises a reinforcing filler;
preferably, the mass of the reinforcing filler is 4-48% of the mass of the raw rubber;
preferably, the reinforcing filler comprises one or a combination of two or more of silica, calcium carbonate or titanium dioxide;
preferably, the particle size of the calcium carbonate is 0.5-6 μm;
preferably, the raw rubber is liquid polysulfide rubber;
preferably, the liquid polysulfide rubber has a number average molecular weight of 2400 to 6500.
7. The sealant according to claim 1 or 2 or 5, characterized in that: the base paste comprises the following components in parts by weight:
raw rubber: 100 parts;
a first plasticizer: 25-40 parts;
stearic acid: 0.5 to 1.5 parts;
aluminum stearate: 1 to 2 parts;
reinforcing filler: 4-48 parts;
preferably, the reinforcing filler comprises 4 to 8 parts of silica and/or 10 to 20 parts of calcium carbonate and/or 10 to 20 parts of titanium dioxide.
8. The sealant according to claim 1 or 2 or 5, characterized in that: the vulcanization paste further comprises a vulcanization accelerator and a vulcanization inhibitor;
preferably, the mass of the vulcanization accelerator is 0.5-18% of the mass of manganese dioxide;
preferably, the vulcanization accelerator comprises one or a combination of more than two of diphenyl guanidine, tetramethylthiuram monosulfide and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole;
preferably, the mass of the vulcanization inhibitor is 1-15% of the mass of manganese dioxide;
preferably, the vulcanization inhibitor comprises one or both of stearic acid or oleic acid.
9. The sealant according to claim 1 or 2 or 5, characterized in that: the vulcanizing paste comprises the following components in parts by weight:
manganese dioxide: 100 parts;
a second plasticizer: 80-150 parts;
stearic acid: 1 to 15 parts;
diphenyl guanidine: 1 to 6 parts;
tetramethylthiuram monosulfide: 0.5 to 4 parts;
2-mercaptobenzothiazole: 0.5 to 8 parts.
10. Use of a sealant for aerospace structures, characterized by: the sealant is constructed on the detachable opening cover of the airplane so as to be convenient for direct and free detachment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310933029.4A CN117050717A (en) | 2023-07-27 | 2023-07-27 | Sealant for aviation structure and application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310933029.4A CN117050717A (en) | 2023-07-27 | 2023-07-27 | Sealant for aviation structure and application |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117050717A true CN117050717A (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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ID=88656426
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310933029.4A Pending CN117050717A (en) | 2023-07-27 | 2023-07-27 | Sealant for aviation structure and application |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117050717A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-07-27 CN CN202310933029.4A patent/CN117050717A/en active Pending
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