CN117047399A - Friction stir welding broken needle repairing method - Google Patents
Friction stir welding broken needle repairing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117047399A CN117047399A CN202310949660.3A CN202310949660A CN117047399A CN 117047399 A CN117047399 A CN 117047399A CN 202310949660 A CN202310949660 A CN 202310949660A CN 117047399 A CN117047399 A CN 117047399A
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- repairing
- friction stir
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P6/00—Restoring or reconditioning objects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a friction stir welding broken needle repairing method, which comprises the following steps: searching the broken needle position of the stirring head in the welding line of the workpiece; according to the broken needle position, searching fragments of the stirring needle along the welding direction by utilizing the inertia of the stirring head in the rotating direction of the stirring head, and marking; digging fragments of the stirring needle according to the marks, and repairing and welding the welding seams after filling the welding seams; and replacing the stirring head, and repairing and welding along the joint surface of the welding seam at the broken needle position. The friction stir welding broken needle repairing method provided by the invention can solve the problem that the quality of a welded product is affected by the fact that the friction stir welding broken needle remains in a welding bead.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a friction stir welding broken needle repairing method.
Background
With the rapid development of modern society, high-speed rail has become the primary choice for people to go out. The light weight of trains is a necessary trend in terms of energy, safety, running speed and the like. In the light weight process of the train, the aluminum alloy is the preferred material for manufacturing the train body due to the characteristics of high strength, good formability, strong corrosion resistance and the like. In the process of manufacturing train bodies by using aluminum alloy, welding is a forming means which is inevitably used. With the development of friction stir welding technology, the novel welding technology is used for gradually solving the defects of air holes, cracks, joint softening and the like caused by the traditional melting welding of aluminum alloy.
In the manufacturing process of aluminum alloy structures, welding has been developed into an important manufacturing process, and the main bearing members and components of various aluminum alloys are mostly in welded structures. At present, the welding technology of aluminum and aluminum alloy has been greatly improved, and besides the traditional arc welding and other fusion welding processes, the novel solid phase welding method of friction stir welding and the like has been developed from the technical research to the high-level engineering and industrial application stage, and has become the preferred connecting process of aluminum and aluminum alloy.
In the welding process, the condition of breaking the stirring pin is generated due to the influences of equipment abnormality, stirring head quality problem, improper parameter selection, instability of manual operation or environment and the like. Therefore, a repair method is needed to solve the problem of breaking the friction stir welding pin.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a friction stir welding broken needle repairing method which can solve the problem that the quality of a welded product is affected by the fact that a friction stir welding broken needle remains in a welding bead.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a friction stir welding broken needle repairing method comprises the following steps:
searching the broken needle position of the stirring head in the welding line of the workpiece;
according to the broken needle position, searching fragments of the stirring needle along the welding direction by utilizing the inertia of the stirring head in the rotating direction of the stirring head, and marking;
digging fragments of the stirring needle according to the marks, and repairing and welding the welding seams after filling the welding seams;
and replacing the stirring head, and repairing and welding along the joint surface of the welding seam at the broken needle position.
Further, searching the broken needle position of the stirring head in the welding line of the workpiece comprises the following steps: and searching the broken needle position of the stirring head in the welding line of the workpiece by using a nondestructive testing method or a magnet.
Further, digging out the fragments of the stirring pin comprises: and digging fragments of the stirring pin by using a milling cutter, a straight mill or a chisel, wherein the digging hole generated when digging fragments of the stirring pin is smaller than the width of the welding seam.
Further, repairing and welding the weld after filling the weld comprises: and filling the welding seam with an aluminum block, and then repairing and welding, wherein the aluminum block is knocked into a hole which is formed when the fragments of the stirring pin are dug by a hammer, and the hole is filled with the aluminum block.
Further, the aluminum block is in a conical shape with a bottom surface diameter of 10mm and a spreading sector angle of 70 degrees.
Further, when the welding parent metal is 6 series aluminum alloy or 5 series+6 series aluminum alloy, the aluminum block is 6 series aluminum rod; when the welding parent metal is 5 series aluminum alloy, the aluminum block is 5 series aluminum bar.
Further, replacing the stirring head and repairing and welding along the joint surface of the welding line at the broken needle position comprises:
replacing the stirring head;
setting a zero point for resetting, and closing laser tracking;
correcting the straightness of the welding direction, adopting original welding parameters, and repairing and welding at the position of 30-50 mm behind the broken needle along the joint surface of the welding seam.
Further, the repair welding includes:
when the depth of the hole which is generated when the fragments of the stirring pin are dug is smaller than 5mm, performing repair welding on the hole by utilizing TIG wire filling welding or semiautomatic MIG wire filling welding, and performing secondary solid-phase stirring welding repair on the hole by utilizing FSW or FSSW;
when the depth of the hole which is formed when the fragments of the stirring pin are dug is larger than 5mm, repairing welding is carried out on the hole by utilizing a homogeneous solid phase welding wire, and repairing welding is carried out on the hole by utilizing FSSW.
Further, the rotational speed of the repair welding is 1200r/min, and the welding speed is 600mm/min.
Further, the repair welded materials include carbon steel and magnesium alloys.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the friction stir welding broken needle repairing method provided by the invention can solve the problem that the quality of a welded product is affected by the broken needle of friction stir welding remaining in a welding path, reduces the influence of repair welding on the performance of an aluminum alloy joint, has simple process flow, simple operation method and low cost, does not need auxiliary tools, and has high quality of the finally repaired welding seam. The aluminum block with the conical shape, the bottom surface diameter of which is 10mm and the expansion sector angle of which is 70 degrees, is used for filling the hole, and can avoid the shake of the main shaft of the equipment. Repair welding is carried out at the position of 30-50 mm behind the broken needle along the joint surface of the welding seam, so that the repaired welding seam and the original welding seam can be ensured to have an overlapping area, the full stirring of the parent metal is facilitated, and the elimination of an unstable area of the welding seam is facilitated. The friction stir welding broken needle repairing method provided by the invention can be applied to the fields of friction stir welding broken needle repairing, welding keyhole treatment, surface gap filling and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a friction stir welding broken needle repairing method provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a friction stir welding broken needle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing illustrating the digging of a stirring pin according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a breaking hole slotting of a stirring pin according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of repair welding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-workpiece, 2-stirring head, 3-stirring pin, 4-weld joint, a-rotation direction, b-welding direction and c-joint surface.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the patent is further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments.
Embodiments of the present patent are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present patent and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent, and the embodiments of the present patent and technical features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, the friction stir welding broken needle repairing method provided in the embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
step one: searching the broken needle position of the stirring head in the welding line of the workpiece;
in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the broken needle position of the stirring head 2 is found in the weld 4 of the workpiece 1 by using a nondestructive test method or a magnet.
When the broken needle position of the stirring head 2 is searched in the welding line 4 of the workpiece 1 by using the magnet, the broken needle position of the stirring head 2 is searched on the welding line 4 by using the adsorption force of the magnet, the position point of the stirring needle 3 embedded in the welding line 4 is marked, and whether fragments or residues with the broken needle 3 in the welding line due to the forward movement of equipment exist or not is searched by using the magnet by taking the broken needle position of the stirring head 2 as a starting point.
Step two: according to the broken needle position, searching fragments of the stirring needle along the welding direction by utilizing the inertia of the stirring head in the rotating direction of the stirring head, and marking;
in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, fragments of the stirring pin 3 are searched for and marked within a range of a forward distance in the welding direction b by utilizing the inertia of the stirring head 2 in the rotating direction a.
Step three: digging fragments of the stirring needle according to the marks, filling the welding seams, and repairing and welding;
in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the fragments of the stirring pin are excavated by using a milling cutter or a straight mill or a chisel, wherein the hole produced when the fragments of the stirring pin are excavated is smaller than the width of the weld.
When the fragments and residues of the stirring pin embedded in the welding line are dug by using a milling cutter, the residues are searched by using a magnet at the same time until the fragments and residues of the stirring pin are completely removed.
When the fragments and residues of the stirring pin embedded into the welding line are dug by a chisel, the residues are searched by a magnet at the same time until the fragments and residues of the stirring pin are completely removed, and according to the dug requirement, the position of a breaking hole of the stirring pin can be grooved, as shown in fig. 4, the grooved can form a 60-70-degree groove, so that the fragments of the stirring pin can be conveniently and smoothly taken out.
And filling the welding seam by using the aluminum block, and then repairing and welding, wherein the aluminum block is knocked into a hole which is formed when the fragments of the stirring pin are excavated by using a hammer, and the hole is filled by using the aluminum block.
In this example, the aluminum block had a conical shape with a bottom diameter of 10mm and a spread sector angle of 70 °. When the welding parent metal is 6 series aluminum alloy or 5 series +6 series aluminum alloy, the aluminum block is 6 series aluminum bar; when the welding parent metal is 5 series aluminum alloy, the aluminum block is 5 series aluminum bar.
Step four: and replacing the stirring head, and repairing and welding along the joint surface of the welding line at the position of the broken needle.
The method for replacing the stirring head and repairing and welding along the joint surface of the welding line at the position of the broken needle comprises the following steps:
step A: replacing the stirring head;
and (B) step (B): setting a zero point for resetting, and closing laser tracking;
step C: correcting the straightness of the welding direction, adopting original welding parameters, and repairing and welding at the position of 30-50 mm behind the broken needle along the joint surface of the welding seam.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, a position 30mm to 50mm after the broken needle position (i.e., the breaking position of the stirring needle) is taken as an initial welding position, and repair welding is performed along the joint surface c of the weld bead 4 in the welding direction b as shown in fig. 2.
In the embodiment, when the depth of the hole generated when the fragments of the stirring needle are excavated is smaller than 5mm, repairing welding is carried out on the hole by utilizing TIG wire filling welding or semi-automatic MIG wire filling welding, and secondary solid-phase stirring welding repair is carried out on the hole by utilizing FSW or FSSW; when the depth of the hole which is formed when the fragments of the stirring pin are excavated is greater than 5mm, repair welding is carried out on the excavated hole by utilizing a homogeneous solid phase welding wire, and secondary solid phase stirring welding repair is carried out on the excavated hole by utilizing FSSW.
In the embodiment, the repair welding speed is 1200r/min, and the welding speed is 600mm/min. Repair welded materials include carbon steel and magnesium alloys.
In this example, after the friction stir welding needle repair was completed, visual inspection and nondestructive inspection were performed on the weld joint, and anomaly recording was performed. The stirring head without the stirring pin can be used for adjusting and correcting the flatness of the product.
The friction stir welding broken needle repairing method provided by the embodiment can solve the problem that the quality of a welded product is affected by the fact that the friction stir welding broken needle remains in a welding path, reduces the influence of repair welding on the performance of an aluminum alloy joint, and is simple in process flow, simple in operation method, low in cost, free of auxiliary tools and high in quality of a finally repaired welding line. The aluminum block with the conical shape, the bottom surface diameter of which is 10mm and the expansion sector angle of which is 70 degrees, is used for filling the hole, and can avoid the shake of the main shaft of the equipment. Repair welding is carried out at the position of 30-50 mm behind the broken needle along the joint surface of the welding seam, so that the repaired welding seam and the original welding seam can be ensured to have an overlapping area, the full stirring of the parent metal is facilitated, and the elimination of an unstable area of the welding seam is facilitated. The TIG filler wire welding is utilized to repair and weld the hole, the FSW is utilized to repair the hole by secondary solid-phase stirring welding, the weld joint structure is compact, the internal defects are avoided, the appearance is uniform and compact, the molding is good, the tensile strength reaches 216.3MPa, and the tensile strength is 80.1% of the base material. Repair welding is carried out on the hole by utilizing a homogeneous solid-phase welding wire, secondary solid-phase stirring welding repair is carried out on the hole by utilizing FSSW, the weld joint after repair meets the design requirement, and the tensile strength is 215.7MPa, so that the defect-free joint is more than 79.9%. The friction stir welding broken needle repairing method provided by the embodiment can be applied to the fields of friction stir welding broken needle repairing, welding keyhole treatment, surface gap filling and the like.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these should also be considered as the scope of the present invention, which does not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent.
Claims (10)
1. The friction stir welding broken needle repairing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
searching the broken needle position of the stirring head in the welding line of the workpiece;
according to the broken needle position, searching fragments of the stirring needle along the welding direction by utilizing the inertia of the stirring head in the rotating direction of the stirring head, and marking;
digging fragments of the stirring needle according to the marks, and repairing and welding the welding seams after filling the welding seams;
and replacing the stirring head, and repairing and welding along the joint surface of the welding seam at the broken needle position.
2. The friction stir welding broken needle repair method according to claim 1, wherein finding the broken needle position of the stirring head in the weld of the workpiece comprises: and searching the broken needle position of the stirring head in the welding line of the workpiece by using a nondestructive testing method or a magnet.
3. The friction stir welding broken needle repair method according to claim 1, wherein digging out pieces of the stirring needle comprises: and digging fragments of the stirring pin by using a milling cutter, a straight mill or a chisel, wherein the digging hole generated when digging fragments of the stirring pin is smaller than the width of the welding seam.
4. The friction stir welding broken needle repairing method according to claim 1, wherein repairing the weld after filling comprises: and filling the welding seam with an aluminum block, and then repairing and welding, wherein the aluminum block is knocked into a hole which is formed when the fragments of the stirring pin are dug by a hammer, and the hole is filled with the aluminum block.
5. The friction stir welding broken needle repairing method according to claim 4, wherein the aluminum block has a conical shape with a bottom diameter of 10mm and an expanded fan angle of 70 °.
6. The friction stir welding broken needle repairing method according to claim 4, wherein when the welding base material is a 6-series aluminum alloy or a 5-series +6-series aluminum alloy, the aluminum block is a 6-series aluminum rod; when the welding parent metal is 5 series aluminum alloy, the aluminum block is 5 series aluminum bar.
7. The friction stir welding broken pin repair method according to claim 1, wherein replacing the stirring head and repairing welding along the joint surface of the weld at the broken pin position comprises:
replacing the stirring head;
setting a zero point for resetting, and closing laser tracking;
correcting the straightness of the welding direction, adopting original welding parameters, and repairing and welding at the position of 30-50 mm behind the broken needle along the joint surface of the welding seam.
8. The friction stir welding broken needle repair method according to claim 1, wherein the repair welding comprises:
when the depth of the hole which is generated when the fragments of the stirring pin are dug is smaller than 5mm, performing repair welding on the hole by utilizing TIG wire filling welding or semiautomatic MIG wire filling welding, and performing secondary solid-phase stirring welding repair on the hole by utilizing FSW or FSSW;
when the depth of the hole which is formed when the fragments of the stirring pin are dug is larger than 5mm, repairing welding is carried out on the hole by utilizing a homogeneous solid phase welding wire, and repairing welding is carried out on the hole by utilizing FSSW.
9. The friction stir welding broken needle repairing method according to claim 1, wherein the repairing welding speed is 1200r/min and the welding speed is 600mm/min.
10. The friction stir welding broken needle repair method according to claim 1 wherein the repair welded materials include carbon steel and magnesium alloy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310949660.3A CN117047399A (en) | 2023-07-31 | 2023-07-31 | Friction stir welding broken needle repairing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310949660.3A CN117047399A (en) | 2023-07-31 | 2023-07-31 | Friction stir welding broken needle repairing method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117047399A true CN117047399A (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310949660.3A Pending CN117047399A (en) | 2023-07-31 | 2023-07-31 | Friction stir welding broken needle repairing method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117047399A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-07-31 CN CN202310949660.3A patent/CN117047399A/en active Pending
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