CN117046020A - Acoustic agglomeration fixed-point smoke elimination device for wall-mounted array packaging structure of escape corridor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an acoustic aggregation fixed-point smoke elimination device for a wall-mounted array packaging structure of an escape corridor, which comprises a smoke elimination flue, an acoustic generation module, a smoke detection module, an atomization spraying module and a control module. The smoke elimination flue comprises a flue gas diversion chamber, a flue gas aggregation chamber, a flue gas discharge channel and a control fan; the sound wave generating module comprises an ultrasonic transducer and a power supply; the smoke detection module comprises a laser emitter and a laser power meter; the atomizing spray module comprises a water storage tank and an atomizing spray head; the control module comprises a singlechip and a power supply. The fixed point smoke prevention device can realize high-efficiency fixed point smoke prevention by utilizing the sound wave agglomeration technology, and can be used for improving the visibility of escape channels in a fire scene filled with dense smoke.

Description

Acoustic agglomeration fixed-point smoke elimination device for wall-mounted array packaging structure of escape corridor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fire-fighting equipment, in particular to a fixed-point smoke abatement device of an array packaging structure based on an acoustic agglomeration principle.

Background

Fire-fighting channels in existing buildings are rarely provided with fire smoke treatment equipment, and if fire smoke diffuses into the fire-fighting channels, the visibility of the channels is difficult to be improved rapidly.

The acoustic agglomeration dust removal technology is commonly used in the dust removal process of large industrial equipment, and has potential as a treatment method in the field of fine particulate emission control, and more attempts are being made in the field of fire smoke elimination. The main principle of the acoustic agglomeration dust removal technology is as follows: the smoke dust is treated by high-intensity sound waves with specific frequency, particles in the smoke vibrate under the action of the sound waves, the particles are mutually close to each other until collision and agglomeration occur, larger particle agglomerates are formed, and sedimentation occurs under the action of gravity.

The Chinese patent with the application number of CN202110690902.2 discloses a rotary acoustic wave smoke abatement device, which comprises a smoke inlet channel, a smoke outlet channel and a smoke treatment chamber arranged between the smoke inlet channel and the smoke outlet channel, wherein the smoke treatment chamber is divided into three independent spaces, and smoke is input into each independent space through rotation to carry out acoustic wave agglomeration elimination. The chinese patent with application number CN201810853270.5 discloses a fire smoke eliminating system with coupling effect of sound wave and spray, which comprises a horn sound source fixedly arranged on the side wall of a building channel or room and a water atomizing nozzle fixedly arranged on the top of the building channel or room, and can eliminate fire smoke by utilizing the installed sound source in spray. In addition, chinese patent application number CN201810441261.5 discloses a handheld fire smoke eliminator, including handheld pole and install sound source generating device, signal generator, power supply unit, the acoustic wave reflecting plate on handheld pole, thereby the usable acoustic wave reflecting plate is reflected the plane wave that the sound source produced and is formed high-strength sound field and carry out the sound wave agglomeration elimination to fire smoke.

However, in the first patent, the lack of control of the flue gas entering the device may cause the flue gas treatment not to reach the standard and be discharged, and the rotating mechanism often has the problems of short service life and high failure rate; the second patent is to eliminate the flowing fire smoke in the open large space, and the air visibility of the whole space cannot be improved due to the limitation of the action range of the sound wave, and meanwhile, the sound wave noise of the high-frequency sound source loudspeaker in the open space can be unbearable to the evacuee. The third patent still requires personnel to carry into the fire for operation and control, and still presents personnel exposure risks.

Therefore, the development of the self-adaptive starting integrated smoke abatement device suitable for the environment of a narrow escape corridor is significant.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a self-starting type multi-sound source array smoke abatement device to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme and structural design:

a sound wave aggregation fixed point smoke elimination device for a wall-mounted array packaging structure of an escape corridor can be divided into five parts, namely a smoke elimination flue, a sound wave generation module, a smoke detection module, an atomization spraying module and a control module. The smoke elimination flue mainly comprises a smoke diversion chamber, a smoke agglomeration chamber and a smoke discharge channel, and controls a fan. An inlet section of the regular hexagonal prism-shaped smoke diversion chamber with one end open is provided with an air inlet fan for introducing smoke; the flue gas aggregation chamber is in a regular hexagonal prism shape with two open ends, the wall surface is tightly attached to the flue gas diversion chamber, flue gas circulation grooves are formed in the attached wall surface, and the flue gas aggregation chamber is annularly arranged at six wall surfaces of the flue gas diversion chamber; the sound wave generating module consists of six identical ultrasonic transducers and is fixed at one end of the flue gas agglomeration chamber through a mounting bracket; the flue gas exhausting channel is tightly attached to one end of the flue gas aggregation chamber, and a smoke exhaust fan is arranged at the tail end of the flue gas exhausting channel and used for controlling flue gas in the flue; the flue gas detection module is arranged on the wall surfaces of the flue gas diversion chamber and the flue gas agglomeration chamber, the spraying module consists of atomizing nozzles and a water tank which are arranged around the device, and the control module is respectively and electrically connected with each flue gas detection module and the sound source.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, rely on the cooperation of flue gas detection module and control module, the device can self-adaptation start stop. When the atomized liquid drops are wrapped with the smoke and enter the device, the atomized liquid drops can be effectively equalized to each agglomeration chamber in the device, which is packaged according to the honeycomb structure array, and the smoke can stay in the agglomeration chamber without mechanical switches such as valves through linkage of fans at two ends. In addition, an ultrasonic transducer is arranged corresponding to each agglomeration chamber to carry out agglomeration treatment on smoke in the agglomeration chambers, so that independent smoke elimination of the chambers can be realized, and the smoke elimination efficiency is greatly improved. Finally, the treated high-visibility air is concentrated through a jet exhaust port where the smoke exhaust fan is positioned and is discharged into an escape space, so that the high-efficiency fixed-point smoke elimination in a local space range is realized, and the high-visibility air supply is provided for an escape path.

Preferably, the diameter of a vibration disc of the ultrasonic transducer is 150mm, a signal source of the ultrasonic transducer is an ultrasonic generator with the working frequency of 20KHz-40KHz, and the power of the ultrasonic generator is 600W-1000W stepless adjustable.

Preferably, experiments show that when the ultrasonic signal frequency of the ultrasonic transducer is near 20kHz, the ultrasonic signal frequency is near the resonant frequency of the transducer, and the conversion efficiency of the transducer is highest at the moment, so that 20kHz is selected as the working frequency of the transducer.

Preferably, the vibration disc connected with the ultrasonic transducer is opposite to each flue gas agglomeration chamber and is positioned at the height of about 20mm at the top of the flue gas agglomeration chamber, so that the risk of resonance when contacting with the agglomeration cabin is avoided.

Preferably, the ultrasonic transducer is fixed on an annular truss with better structural stability, and the annular truss is made of high-carbon steel with higher natural frequency.

Preferably, the smoke detection module consists of a laser transmitter and a laser power meter, and a receiving port of the laser power meter is opposite to an outlet of the laser transmitter.

Preferably, the laser emitted by the laser emitter has a wavelength of 650nm, and the laser power meter has a wavelength measurement range of 400nm-1100nm.

Preferably, the smoke detection module is respectively arranged in the smoke separation cabin and a certain agglomeration chamber and is respectively used for reflecting the visibility of air before starting and the visibility of air after being treated in the agglomeration chamber.

Preferably, when the light transmittance of the air pumped into the smoke separation cabin is detected to be lower than 0.7, the device enters a smoke prevention state; when the light transmittance of the air pumped into the smoke separation cabin is detected to be larger than 0.7, the device is in a daily monitoring state.

Preferably, the air inlet fan and the smoke exhaust fan are jet fans, so that the full thrust provided by the inlet fan and the outlet fan is improved.

Preferably, the fan blade is made of an aluminum alloy material, has the advantages of high temperature resistance and difficult deformation, and the motor is a high-temperature-resistant brushless motor.

Preferably, a sound-proof cover made of sound-absorbing fireproof materials is additionally arranged outside the smoke agglomeration chambers of the array, and the sound-absorbing materials are perlite with better flame retardance.

Preferably, an annular water mist spraying system is arranged outside the sound-proof housing, and the spraying system consists of a plurality of spray heads in an annular array and a small water storage tank attached to the wall surface of the sound-proof housing.

Preferably, the spray head is an atomization spray head, the water yield is 0.05L/min, the size of the small water tank is 15cm multiplied by 25cm multiplied by 35cm, and the water yield is about 13L.

Preferably, the atomizing nozzles are connected through stainless steel metal water pipes, and a pressure pump is arranged between the water pipes and the water tank.

Preferably, after the refined liquid drops formed by the spraying system are combined with the flue gas in the air, the agglomeration efficiency of sound waves to the flue gas can be improved, and meanwhile, the whole equipment can be cooled, so that unstable operation of the equipment due to overhigh temperature is prevented.

Preferably, a flue gas check valve is arranged at the notch of the flue gas agglomeration chamber connected with the flue gas separation cabin, and the gas can only circulate unidirectionally in the device.

Preferably, the flue gas agglomerating chamber is in a regular hexagonal prism shape, the side length of the flue gas agglomerating chamber is 130mm, and the height of the flue gas agglomerating chamber is set to be 300mm according to the effective acting range of the transducer.

Preferably, the flue gas agglomerating chamber is made of alumina ceramics with high elastic modulus, good mechanical strength and high heat resistance, and the material has high elastic modulus and high surface smoothness, so that the reflecting capability on sound waves is high, and the sound field energy generated by a sound source can be effectively utilized.

Preferably, the overall appearance of the smoke abatement device is designed into a honeycomb regular hexagonal prism shape, the shape is convenient for connection arrangement during device array, and more arrays can be formed under the same area.

Preferably, for convenient disassembly and cleaning, the sound-absorbing sealing cover and the sedimentation tank are connected by a lock catch, and a sealing rubber ring is arranged at the interface of the two parts so as to improve the air tightness of the equipment.

Preferably, the connecting lines among the modules are wrapped by high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant materials, and the inner surface and the outer surface of the device are coated with a layer of high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant coating.

Preferably, in order to reduce the volume of the device, the fan and the sound source share a multi-output power supply, and the power supply can respectively supply power to the fan and the sound source and has the functions of voltage increasing, voltage decreasing and frequency modulation.

In summary, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme disclosed by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) The smoke prevention device can be started automatically and rapidly when the concentration of smoke in the air exceeds the standard through the linkage of the smoke detection module and the control module, manual operation is not needed, and the device is high in integration level and small, so that the smoke prevention device can be arranged in a fire escape channel in advance.

2) And uniformly distributing the smoke of the suction device into each agglomeration cabin by adopting a smoke separation cabin. The flue gas is collected into the agglomeration cabin for elimination, so that the technical short plate which can not quickly and efficiently eliminate smoke in an open environment due to limited sound wave energy is avoided.

3) The ultrasonic transducer generates high-frequency ultrasonic waves to carry out sonic agglomeration on the smoke, so that serious noise pollution caused by low-frequency high-strength sonic waves to the environment is avoided. In addition, the problem of vibration of the device caused by the working of the transducer can be effectively avoided by paving the flame-retardant sound-absorbing material on the wall surface of the cabin body.

4) Through the linkage of the two fans of the smoke inlet and the discharge port of the device, the distribution of smoke in the device can be controlled, and various working states such as smoke inlet, smoke elimination, smoke exhaust, cleaning and the like are satisfied.

5) Through carrying out array arrangement to sound source and corresponding reunion cabin, can highly integrate the device when improving the smoke abatement volume of unit time device. .

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a design diagram of the product according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the product of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in FIG. 2.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the product of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view in the direction B-B of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction C-C in fig. 4.

FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of a honeycomb array of agglomeration cells in a product according to the invention.

Fig. 8 is a flow chart of the product operation of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-air intake fan, 2-water tank, 3-sound absorption sealed cowling, 4-atomizer, 5-power module, 6-switch, 7-sedimentation cabin, 8-laser power meter, 9-ultrasonic transducer, 10-power supply, 11-flow equalizing filter, 12-air exhaust fan, 13-sound source array support, 14-laser emitter, 15-smoke separation cabin, 16-flue gas check valve, 17-flue gas reunion room, 18-sound absorption vibration-stopping plate, 19-vibration disc.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the smoke abatement device provided by the present technical scheme includes a smoke abatement flue, an ultrasonic generating module 7, smoke detection modules 6 and 12, spray modules 2 and 4, and a control module. The smoke abatement flue comprises a smoke separation cabin, an agglomeration chamber, a sedimentation cabin and two smoke control fans. Six ultrasonic transducers 7 are respectively arranged above the agglomeration chambers of the six arrays. The two sets of laser transmitters and the laser power are respectively arranged in the smoke separation cabin 13 and the agglomeration chamber 14, the spraying module comprises a water tank 2 and an atomization nozzle 4, and the control module is electrically connected with the two sets of smoke detection modules and the ultrasonic transducer.

The laser transmitter 12 and the laser power meter 6 in the smoke separation cabin 13 are arranged on the wall surface in a right opposite way and are used for detecting the smoke concentration in the environment; the laser emitter in the flue gas agglomeration chamber 14 is just opposite to the laser power meter and is arranged on the wall surface for judging the flue gas treatment degree.

The atomizing nozzle 4 can generate droplets with the diameter of 50-100 microns, the agglomeration rate of the flue gas in the agglomeration chamber can be improved after the refined water mist droplets are combined with the flue gas in the air, and the temperature of equipment can be effectively reduced after the droplets settled on the outer wall surface of the device are evaporated, so that the normal operation of the equipment is ensured.

The aluminum oxide ceramic material adopted by the wall surface of the flue gas agglomeration chamber 14 ensures that sound waves are reflected for multiple times in the independent smoke elimination chamber, so that the sound waves repeatedly act on smoke particles, and meanwhile, the aluminum oxide ceramic material is also a good ceramic heat conducting material, so that the aluminum oxide ceramic material is beneficial to conducting part of flue gas heat of each array packaging agglomeration chamber to the wall surface of the device shell through the wall surface under the convection strengthening effect of an internal wind field.

The flue gas agglomerating chamber 14 is tightly connected with the flue gas dividing cabin through a mortise and tenon structure, a long strip-shaped groove opening is formed in the connecting surface for flue gas circulation, and a flue gas check valve 13 is arranged at the groove opening. The hexagonal prism-shaped sound-absorbing sealing cover 3 is additionally arranged in the smoke agglomeration chambers of the array, the sound-absorbing vibration-stopping plate 15 is paved on the inner wall surface of the sound-absorbing sealing cover 3, and the sound-absorbing vibration-stopping plate is tightly connected with the sound-absorbing sealing cover through rivets.

The sound-absorbing and shock-stopping plate is a perlite perforated composite plate, the laying thickness is 10mm, the density is 400kg/m < 3 >, and the fire-proof grade is grade A.

In the technical scheme, the annular truss is adopted to fix the ultrasonic transducers of the array, the truss is made of steel with carbon content of 0.75%, the natural frequency of the designed annular truss is higher than the vibration frequency of the sound source, and the occurrence of resonance phenomenon can be effectively avoided.

In this technical scheme, to the design of equipment total power module 5, it can do the output respectively to sound source and fan, realizes through the pressure regulating to the control of fan, realizes through adjusting output to the control of sound source. The power module shell is made of flame-retardant PC material, and a cooling fan and cooling holes are arranged on the shell to ensure stable operation of an internal circuit.

In the technical scheme, the method is carried out by combining a fan and a check valve aiming at the smoke control in the flue. The junction surface of the smoke separation cabin and each smoke agglomeration chamber is provided with a notch with proper size, a smoke check valve 16 is arranged at the notch, and smoke can only flow from the smoke separation cabin to the agglomeration chamber and can not flow back to the smoke separation cabin from the agglomeration chamber. In the process of flue gas elimination, the equipment realizes the control of flue gas by controlling the air supply direction and the wind speed of the air inlet fan 1 and the smoke exhaust fan 12, and the specific fan operation process is as follows: when the device extracts the smoke, the air inlet fan 1 blows air into the smoke separation cabin at higher power, and uniformly blows the smoke into each agglomeration chamber through the notch; when the fume is eliminated in the agglomeration chamber, the fume exhaust fan 12 blows air into the device according to a set rotating speed, and the airflow with certain thrust force provides uniform pressure for the agglomeration chamber through the flow equalizing plate 11, so that untreated fume is prevented from directly entering the sedimentation chamber due to the action of gravity, and the fume in the agglomeration chamber can be fully treated. After the set sound wave action time, the smoke exhaust fan 12 adjusts the air supply direction, the treated smoke in the agglomeration cabin is introduced into the sedimentation cabin and is further discharged into the environment, and meanwhile, the air inlet fan 1 blows air into the smoke separation cabin again at high power, and low-visibility smoke is sucked in.

In this technical solution, the workflow for the device is shown in the flowchart of fig. 8. After the power supply of the device is turned on, a low-power air inlet is started by the upper fan, a smoke detection module in the smoke separation cabin is started to detect the light transmittance of air entering the smoke separation cabin, when the visibility is detected to be lower than 0.7, the smoke concentration is determined to be higher, the spraying system is started, the high-pressure spray head sprays fine water mist, then the air inlet fan operates at high power, after the smoke inlet amount reaches the single maximum smoke capacity of the device, the air inlet fan is converted into low-power operation, and the smoke exhaust fan blows air into the device at set power, provides adaptive pressure for an outlet interface of the agglomeration cabin, ensures that smoke stays in the agglomeration cabin, and simultaneously starts an ultrasonic transducer of an array and the smoke detection module in the agglomeration cabin, when the visibility obtained by the smoke detection module in the agglomeration cabin is higher than 0.7, the smoke exhaust fan reversely rotates to outwards discharge the treated smoke, and simultaneously the air inlet fan reintroduces low-visibility smoke for the next smoke elimination treatment.

In the technical scheme, the smoke abatement device can be arranged on the wall surface of the fire-fighting channel at any angle through a specific bracket, and particularly, the direction of an air outlet of the smoke abatement device can be set according to the direction of an escape path.

The above examples illustrate only a specific embodiment of the invention, which is described in more detail and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A sound wave aggregation fixed point smoke elimination device of a wall-mounted array packaging structure for escape corridor is characterized by comprising a smoke inlet fan (1), a smoke separation cabin (15), an aggregation chamber (17), an ultrasonic transducer (9), a sedimentation cabin (7), a smoke exhaust fan (12), a laser generator (14), a laser power meter (8), an atomization nozzle (4) and an adjustable power module (5),

the smoke inlet fan (1) and the smoke exhaust fan (12) control the entry, stagnation and discharge of smoke by changing the rotating speed and the rotating direction of a motor;

the smoke separation cabin (15) is a hexagonal prism with an upper end and a side surface opening, a laser generator (14) and a laser power meter (8) are arranged on the inner wall surface of the smoke separation cabin and used for detecting the visibility of inhaled gas, the upper end of the smoke separation cabin is tightly connected with the hexagonal prism-shaped smoke inlet fan (1) with the same size, and six side surfaces are respectively attached to six hexagonal prism-shaped aggregation chambers (17) with two ends and one side surface opening;

the openings of six sides of the smoke separation cabin (15) are provided with smoke check valves (16);

six agglomeration chambers (17) are arranged on six sides of the smoke separation cabin (15) in a surrounding mode, and an ultrasonic transducer (9) is arranged at a position of 20mm above each agglomeration chamber (17) to independently eliminate smoke of smoke in each agglomeration chamber;

the adjustable power supply module (5) can respectively control the air inlet fan (1), the smoke exhaust fan (12), the water tank pressure pump and the six ultrasonic transducers (9);

the atomizing nozzle (4) can generate atomized liquid drops to improve agglomeration efficiency and cool equipment in real time, and the adjustable power supply module (5) can adjust the input of a fan and a sound source according to the data of the laser power meter (8).

2. The sound wave agglomeration fixed point smoke elimination device for the wall-mounted array packaging structure of the escape corridor according to claim 1, wherein smoke in the device is controlled by an air inlet fan (1) and a smoke exhaust fan (12), and the suction of the smoke, the stagnation in an agglomeration chamber and the discharge of the treated smoke can be controlled by the change of working states of the air inlet fan (1) and the smoke exhaust fan (12).

3. The air intake fan (1) and the smoke exhaust fan (12) according to claim 2, wherein the fans are jet fans, can provide larger pressure and thrust, and can form an air curtain with a certain area by additionally arranging a beam cover at the tail of the fans, so as to inhibit surrounding smoke from being involved in an air supply area.

4. The sound wave agglomeration fixed point smoke elimination device for a wall-mounted array packaging structure of an escape corridor according to claim 1, wherein the six smoke outlets of the smoke separation cabin are provided with one-way smoke check valves (16) which are used for preventing smoke from flowing backwards and re-entering the smoke separation cabin when the smoke exhaust fan (12) blows air into the device.

5. The sound wave aggregation fixed point smoke elimination device for the wall-mounted array packaging structure of the escape corridor according to claim 1, wherein a smoke detection module consisting of a laser generator (14) and a laser power meter (8) is respectively arranged in a smoke separation cabin (15) and an aggregation chamber (17) and is respectively used for detecting the visibility of ambient air and the visibility of smoke after sound source treatment in the aggregation chamber (17).

6. The sound wave aggregation fixed point smoke elimination device for the wall-mounted array packaging structure of the escape corridor according to claim 1, wherein the adjustable power supply module (5) can be divided into a sound source control circuit and a fan control circuit for outputting, and the frequency range of the sound source control circuit is 10kHz-25kHz; the fan control circuit can adjust the output current and direction, and the output current range is 0.5A-1.5A.