CN117037456A - Mine disaster prediction and early warning method and system for on-site monitoring - Google Patents
Mine disaster prediction and early warning method and system for on-site monitoring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mine disaster prediction and early warning method and system for on-site monitoring, which relate to the technical field of mine disasters, and the on-site deployment of sensors on mines is used for monitoring ground and underground water data and underground rock data in real time, so that mine management staff can acquire timely and comprehensive data so as to better know the state of mine environment, and a prediction analysis module analyzes the ground and underground water data and the underground rock data to predict a risk assessment indexHelps to predict potential disaster risks and comprehensively considers historical disaster timesCoefficient of variation of water levelRock stability factorAnd the like, is favorable for quantifying the risk level, provides more accurate disaster risk assessment, and reduces casualties of people caused by disasters in mines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine disasters, in particular to a mine disaster prediction and early warning method and system for on-site monitoring.
Background
In the mine industry, safety is one of the primary concerns, and mine disasters generally include floods caused by elevated groundwater levels, landslide, slump, debris flow and the like caused by rock stability problems. These disasters not only endanger the safety of mine facilities and equipment, but can also pose serious threats to the life safety and environment of workers. Therefore, mine businesses need an effective monitoring and prediction system to identify potential dangerous situations in advance, and appropriate precautions are taken to ensure the sustainability and safety of mine operations.
With the development of technology, traditional mine prediction systems are increasingly dependent on informatization and intellectualization means. However, in the aspect of monitored data, the conventional prediction method is often to monitor and collect a large amount of data information related to the surface of the mine, and just lack of collection and monitoring of data related to the underground of the mine, for example, the water level change of a water source of the underground of the mine, the strength, the aperture, the temperature difference, the crack depth and other factors of underground rock all affect the integral disaster occurrence frequency of the mine, so that the risk assessment result of the underground of the mine is predicted more accurately.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a mine disaster prediction and early warning method and system for on-site monitoring, which solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a mine disaster prediction early warning system for on-site monitoring comprises a data monitoring module, a data acquisition module, a prediction analysis module, an early warning notification module and a maintenance management module;
the data monitoring module is used for deploying sensors in a proper field section and monitoring the ground water data and underground rock data of the mine in real time;
the data acquisition module is used for collecting and arranging data information from the sensor, carrying out data processing and data conversion on the data information, converting the data information into digital signals and transmitting the digital signals to the data set in a concentrated manner;
the prediction analysis module is used for carrying out deep excavation on the ground water data, the ground water data and the underground rock data of the mine, and analyzing and obtaining: rock penetration factorFloating factor->Water level change coefficient>And rock stability factor>And input into the data set, predictive acquisition risk assessment index +.>The risk assessment index->Obtained by the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,expressed as the number of historical disasters>Expressed as a water level change coefficient>Weight value of->Expressed as rock stability factor->Wherein->，/>And->，/>Expressed as correction coefficients;
pore diameter is adjustedDifference from temperature->In connection with obtaining rock penetration factor +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The original water level->And the current water levelAssociated, obtain floatFactor->The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Rock penetration factor->And floating factor->In association, a water level change coefficient is obtained>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Load->And crack depth->In connection with obtaining rock stability factor +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Stability coefficient of rockAnd the water level change coefficient>Associated, obtain risk assessment index +.>；
The early warning notification module is used for acquiring historical data and calculating an average value by extracting the ground water data, underground rock data and historical disaster frequency data of the mine weekly, monthly or yearly in the historical time axis, acquiring an average threshold value Q and predicting the acquired risk assessment indexComparing and analyzing with the average threshold value Q to obtain a disaster early warning strategy;
the maintenance management module is used for carrying out relative adjustment and management work on the acquired disaster early warning strategy.
Preferably, the data monitoring module comprises a sensor unit and an image recording unit;
the sensor unit is used for installing an optical fiber sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a strain gauge sensor and a crack detector at proper positions on the surface and underground of the mine to monitor underground rock data of the mine, wherein the underground rock data comprises strain, temperature, humidity and whether cracks are expanded or deformed on the surface or inside of the rock;
the image recording unit is used for installing a camera, a well depth measuring instrument, a laser distance measuring instrument, a water level meter, a rain gauge and a raindrop counter at proper positions on the surface and underground of the mine to monitor the water on the ground and the water off the mine on site, and the water on the ground and the water off data comprise the surface and the water on the ground, the rock size, the rainfall body quantity, the well depth near the mine and the speed during rainfall.
Preferably, the data acquisition module comprises a preprocessing unit and a data integration unit;
the preprocessing unit is used for checking and identifying the loss condition of the ground water data and the underground rock data and filling up the missing value;
the data integration unit is used for integrating the data in the plurality of data sources passing through the preprocessing unit so as to facilitate subsequent analysis, reporting and decision making; and converts the analog signal into a digital signal to unify the data formats.
Preferably, the rock penetration factor is obtained from the collected underground rock dataThe rock penetration factorObtained by the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,expressed as pore size>Expressed as humidity>Expressed as a temperature difference, and, and (2)>Expressed as the speed of rainfall, wherein->And->Respectively expressed as pore size +.>Moisture->Difference in temperature->And rainfall speed->Wherein ∈10 is a weight value of->，/>，/>，/>，，/>Expressed as a correction constant;
the floating factorObtained by the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,expressed as the ground water level->Expressed as the ground water level->Represented as time intervals.
Preferably, the rock penetration factor isAnd floating factor->In association, a water level change coefficient is obtained>The water level change coefficient ∈ ->Obtained by the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,expressed as rainfall,/->Expressed as the depth of the well>And->Expressed as rock penetration factor, respectively>Floating factor->Rainfall->And water well depth->Wherein ∈10 is a weight value of->，，/>，/>And->，/>Represented as correction coefficients.
Preferably, the load isAnd crack depth->In connection with obtaining rock stability factor +.>The rock stability factor->Obtained by the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,expressed as rock strength>Expressed as load->Weight value of->Expressed as rock strength +.>Wherein ∈10 is a weight value of->，/>And->，/>Represented as correction coefficients.
Preferably, the floating factor isComparing and analyzing with a preset floating threshold K to obtain a comparison result:
if the floating factorAbove a preset floating threshold K, i.e. +.>>When K, the change amplitude of the underground water level is increased and exceeds a preset index, which means that the underground water level is in an abnormal state;
if the floating factorWhen the threshold value is lower than the preset floating threshold value K, namely +.><At K, the amplitude of the change, expressed as groundwater level, is in an acceptable range.
Preferably, the average is calculated by taking historical data and taking it as an average by statistical calculation, an average threshold value Q is generated, and the obtained risk assessment index is predictedComparing and analyzing with the average threshold value Q to obtain a disaster early warning strategy:
when risk assessment indexAbove the average threshold Q, i.e. +.>>When Q, the current mine is in a high-danger zone, which means that the underground water level gradually rises, the water burst phenomenon occurs at any time, and at the moment, the inside and outside of the mine send emergency red early warning;
when risk assessment indexEqual to the average threshold Q, i.e. +.>When the value is equal to Q, the current mine is indicated to have no obvious abnormal phenomenon, at the moment, orange early warning is sent to the inside and the outside of the mine, and at the moment, management staff in the mine continue to monitor risk conditions;
when risk assessment indexBelow the average threshold Q, i.e. +.><And Q, the current mine is in a low-risk state, and conventional preventive equipment is maintained at the moment at a fixed time, so that the preventive equipment can be ensured to normally operate.
Preferably, the maintenance management module comprises a feedback unit and a report summarizing unit;
the feedback unit is used for prompting mine background observers through a popup window after the system sends out corresponding early warning notification, and whether the final execution result is normal or not or whether abnormal conditions exist or not;
the report summarizing unit is used for regularly generating a driving report of an event after the regular mine-leaving on-site monitoring so as to provide detailed information for a management layer and a supervision organization of the mine, wherein the report comprises key indexes, problem reports and trend analysis.
Preferably, a mine disaster prediction and early warning method for on-site monitoring comprises the following steps,
step one, installing sensors in proper areas on a mine through a data monitoring module, and monitoring and acquiring ground water and underground rock data;
step two, the monitored data are subjected to data preprocessing and conversion through a data acquisition module, the accuracy of subsequent data extraction is improved, and the subsequent data are transmitted to a data set;
step three, extracting the characteristics of the data in the data set through a predictive analysis module, and calculating, analyzing and obtaining the characteristics from the characteristics: rock penetration factorFloating factor->Water level change coefficient>And rock stability factor>Predicting risk assessment index->；
Step four, the average threshold value Q obtained from the historical data and the risk assessment index are combined through an early warning notification moduleComparing to obtain a disaster early warning strategy;
and fifthly, the maintenance management module is used for making subsequent feedback work after the early warning notification, summarizing data results obtained in the past and making reports regularly.
The invention provides a mine disaster prediction and early warning method and system for on-site monitoring, which have the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the on-site monitoring mine disaster prediction and early warning system, the on-site deployment sensor is used for carrying out on-site monitoring on the underground water data and the underground rock data, so that mine management staff can obtain timely and comprehensive data so as to better know the state of a mine environment, and a prediction analysis module analyzes the underground water data and the underground rock data to predict a risk assessment indexHelping to predict potential disaster risk and comprehensively considering historical disaster frequency +.>Water level change coefficient>Rock stability factor->And the like, is favorable for quantifying the risk level, provides more accurate disaster risk assessment, and reduces casualties of people caused by disasters in mines.
(2) The one isMine disaster prediction and early warning system for field monitoring and rock permeability factorComprehensively considers a plurality of factors, provides information about the water transmission capacity in underground rock, predicts the water inrush condition of the underground of the later mine by aiming at floating factors>It is known that when the float factor is higher than the preset float threshold, this may mean an increase in the groundwater level, which is a potential hazard risk signal, helping the system to timely perceive potential hazard problems, rock stability factor->Is calculated by comprehensively taking rock strength into consideration>And load->Factors such as stability of the rock, high stability factor may indicate that the rock is loaded with +.>The system has higher resistance, the low stability coefficient may suggest that the rock is easy to collapse or slide, and the like, in a word, the calculation and the application of the data enable the system to evaluate the state of the underground environment of the mine and the potential disaster risk more accurately, and the system is favorable for taking appropriate measures to reduce the disaster risk.
(4) The mine disaster prediction and early warning method for on-site monitoring is obtained through on-site monitoring, acquisition, analysis and calculation: rock penetration factorFloating factor->Water level change coefficient>And rock stability factor>Predicting risk assessment index->And comparing the disaster early warning strategy with an average threshold value Q, and finally obtaining a disaster early warning strategy and taking corresponding measures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of a mine disaster prediction and early warning system for on-site monitoring according to the invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a mine disaster prediction and early warning method for on-site monitoring.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the mine industry, safety is one of the primary concerns, and mine disasters generally include floods caused by elevated groundwater levels, landslide, slump, debris flow and the like caused by rock stability problems. These disasters not only endanger the safety of mine facilities and equipment, but can also pose serious threats to the life safety and environment of workers. Therefore, mine businesses need an effective monitoring and prediction system to identify potential dangerous situations in advance, and appropriate precautions are taken to ensure the sustainability and safety of mine operations.
With the development of technology, traditional mine prediction systems are increasingly dependent on informatization and intellectualization means. However, in the aspect of monitored data, the conventional prediction method is often to monitor and collect a large amount of data information related to the surface of the mine, and just lack of collection and monitoring of data related to the underground of the mine, for example, the water level change of a water source of the underground of the mine, the strength, the aperture, the temperature difference, the crack depth and other factors of underground rock all affect the integral disaster occurrence frequency of the mine, so that the risk assessment result of the underground of the mine is predicted more accurately.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a mine disaster prediction and early warning system for on-site monitoring, which comprises a data monitoring module, a data acquisition module, a prediction analysis module, an early warning notification module and a maintenance management module;
the data monitoring module is used for deploying sensors in a proper field section and monitoring the ground water data and underground rock data of the mine in real time;
the data acquisition module is used for collecting and arranging data information from the sensor, carrying out data processing and data conversion on the data information, converting the data information into digital signals and transmitting the digital signals to the data set in a concentrated manner;
the prediction analysis module is used for carrying out deep excavation on the ground water data, the ground water data and the underground rock data of the mine, and analyzing and obtaining: rock penetration factorFloating factor->Water level change coefficient>And rock stability factor>And input into the data set, predictive acquisition risk assessment index +.>Risk assessment index->Obtained by the following formulaObtaining:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,expressed as the number of historical disasters>Expressed as a water level change coefficient>Weight value of->Expressed as rock stability factor->Wherein->，/>And->，/>Expressed as correction coefficients;
the number of times of the above-mentioned historical disastersCollecting and acquiring by referring to records and reports of past mine accidents and disasters;
pore diameter is adjustedDifference from temperature->In connection with obtaining rock penetration factor +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The original water level->And the current water levelIn association, obtain the floating factor->The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Rock penetration factor->And floating factor->In association, a water level change coefficient is obtained>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Load->And crack depth->In connection with obtaining rock stability factor +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Stability coefficient of rockAnd the water level change coefficient>Associated, obtain risk assessment index +.>；
The early warning notification module is used for acquiring historical data and acquiring the historical data by extracting the underground water data, the underground rock data and the historical disaster frequency data of the mine weekly, monthly or yearly in the historical time axisCalculating average value, obtaining average threshold value Q, and predicting obtained risk assessment indexComparing and analyzing with the average threshold value Q to obtain a disaster early warning strategy;
the maintenance management module is used for carrying out relative adjustment and management work on the acquired disaster early warning strategy.
In the running of the system, the data monitoring module and the data acquisition module can deploy sensors on the mine site, monitor the ground water data and the underground rock data in real time, and the prediction analysis module analyzes the ground water data and the underground rock data to predict a risk assessment indexComprehensively consider the historical disaster frequency->Water level change coefficient>Rock stability factor->And the like, is favorable for quantifying the risk level and provides more accurate disaster risk assessment.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, the following details are: the data monitoring module comprises a sensor unit and an image recording unit;
the sensor unit is used for installing an optical fiber sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a strain gauge sensor and a crack detector at proper positions on the surface and underground of the mine to monitor underground rock data of the mine, wherein the underground rock data comprise strain, temperature and humidity on the surface or inside of the rock and whether cracks are expanded or deformed;
the strain data on the surface or the interior of the rock are acquired through a strain gauge sensor and an optical fiber sensor; the temperature is acquired by a temperature sensor; the humidity is acquired by a humidity sensor; whether the crack is expanded or deformed is detected, acquired and obtained by a crack detector;
the image recording unit is used for installing a camera, a well depth measuring instrument, a laser range finder, a water level meter, a rain gauge and a rain drop counter at proper positions on the surface and underground of the mine to monitor the ground and water data of the mine on site, wherein the ground and water data comprise the surface and ground water level, rock size, rainfall body quantity, well depth near the mine and the rainfall speed, and the rainfall speed refers to the quantity of rain drops falling to the ground every minute.
The surface and the underground water level are acquired through a water level meter; the rock size is measured and obtained by a laser range finder, and the rock size is accurately measured by utilizing the principle of laser beam emission and reception; the rainfall body quantity is acquired through a rain gauge; acquiring the depth of a water well near the mine through a water well depth measuring instrument; the speed during rainfall is obtained through monitoring by a raindrop counter;
the data acquisition module comprises a preprocessing unit and a data integration unit;
the preprocessing unit is used for checking and identifying the loss condition of the ground water and the underground rock data and filling up the missing value, and ensuring that accurate, consistent and useful information is extracted from the acquired data, thereby better supporting mine operation and management.
The method comprises the steps of repairing the loss of the underground water and rock data, wherein the loss of the underground water and rock data is checked and identified through an anomaly detection technology, and the lost value or the anomaly data point in the underground water and rock data is checked and identified; filling the missing value by using an interpolation technology, wherein the interpolation is to estimate the missing value according to the information of the known data points, common interpolation methods comprise linear interpolation, polynomial interpolation, spline interpolation and the like, and the interpolation method is selected according to the property of the data and the distribution of the missing value; statistical methods may also be used to fill in missing values, such as using mean, median, mode, etc. statistics instead of missing values.
The data integration unit is used for integrating the data in the plurality of data sources passing through the preprocessing unit so as to facilitate subsequent analysis, reporting and decision making; and converts the analog signal into a digital signal to unify the data formats. Analog signals acquired according to different sensors or instruments are converted into digital signals through an analog-to-digital conversion technology.
The above-mentioned process of integrating the data in multiple data sources refers to the process of summarizing the data from multiple different sensors, different collecting instruments and different time stamps into a data set, which includes the steps of obtaining data information by using different collecting instruments, checking and filling up missing values of ground and underground water data and underground rock data by a preprocessing unit, then converting analog signals into digital signals, unifying formats, and finally merging the data from different data sources into a single data set.
In the embodiment, according to the sensor unit and the image recording unit, multidimensional data information is acquired from ores, so that the system is facilitated to obtain comprehensive mine environment data, and more comprehensive disaster monitoring is provided.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, the following details are: obtaining rock penetration factors according to the collected underground rock dataRock penetration factor->Obtained by the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,expressed as pore size>Expressed as humidity>Expressed as a temperature difference, and,/>expressed as the speed of rainfall, wherein->And->Respectively expressed as pore size +.>Moisture->Difference in temperature->And rainfall speed->Wherein ∈10 is a weight value of->，/>，/>，/>，，/>Expressed as a correction constant;
wherein the pore size is as described aboveThe permeability of mine rock is obtained through monitoring by an optical fiber sensor;
humidity of the waterThe humidity of the whole rock is obtained by monitoring through a humidity sensor;
temperature differenceRefers to the condition of the diurnal temperature difference of the rock, the temperature rise can lead to the expansion of the rock, and the temperature drop can lead to the contraction of the rock. These expansion and contraction processes may lead to expansion or contraction of the pores, thereby affecting permeability, and monitoring acquisition by temperature sensors;
rainfall speedThe number of raindrops falling to the ground every minute is obtained by monitoring through a raindrop counter.
Floating factorObtained by the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,expressed as the ground water level->Expressed as the ground water level->Represented as time intervals.
Penetration factor of rockAnd floating factor->In association, a water level change coefficient is obtained>Water level change coefficient>Obtained by the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,expressed as rainfall,/->Expressed as the depth of the well>And->Expressed as rock penetration factor, respectively>Floating factor->Rainfall->And water well depth->Wherein ∈10 is a weight value of->，，/>，/>And->，/>Represented as correction coefficients.
Wherein the rainfall is as described aboveAcquisition is usually performed by a rain gauge; depth of water well->The monitoring acquisition is usually performed by a depth finder or a well depth gauge.
Will loadAnd crack depth->In connection with obtaining rock stability factor +.>Rock stability factor->Obtained by the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,expressed as rock strength>Expressed as load->Weight value of->Expressed as rock strength +.>Wherein ∈10 is a weight value of->，/>And->，/>Represented as correction coefficients.
Wherein the rock strength is as described aboveThe rock compressive strength test is used for monitoring and acquiring, and the concrete operation is that a rock sample is put into a pressure tester, and then the pressure is gradually increased until the rock sample breaks, and the tester can record the required pressure value so as to determine the compressive strength of the rock.
Load ofThe loads represented as underground equipment, buildings and supporting structures in mines can exert additional stress and gravity loads on the rock, affecting its stability, acquired by strain gauge acquisition.
Depth of crackRefers to the depth of the rock fracture, obtained by monitoring by means of a laser scanner.
In this embodiment, by applying a floating factor toIt is known that, when the float factor is higher than the preset float threshold, it may mean an increase in the groundwater level,the system is a potential disaster risk signal, and helps the system to timely detect potential disaster problems, and the rock stability coefficient is +.>Is calculated by comprehensively taking rock strength into consideration>And load->Factors such as stability of the rock, high stability factor may indicate that the rock is loaded with +.>The high-stability-resistance rock has high resistance, and the low stability coefficient may suggest that the rock is easy to collapse or slide.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 1, the following details are: will float the factorComparing and analyzing with a preset floating threshold K to obtain a comparison result:
if the floating factorAbove a preset floating threshold K, i.e. +.>>When K, the change amplitude of the underground water level is increased and exceeds a preset index, which means that the underground water level is in an abnormal state, and the system immediately triggers an emergency red early warning;
if the floating factorWhen the threshold value is lower than the preset floating threshold value K, namely +.><At K, the amplitude of the change, expressed as groundwater level, is in an acceptable range.
The obtained historical data is used for calculating and obtaining average value by using a statistical method, an average threshold value Q is generated, and the obtained risk assessment index is predictedComparing and analyzing with the average threshold value Q to obtain a disaster early warning strategy:
wherein, the statistical method adopts arithmetic mean algorithm;
when risk assessment indexAbove the average threshold Q, i.e. +.>>When the mine is in a high-danger zone, the current mine is indicated to mean that the underground water level is gradually increased, the underground water gushing phenomenon occurs at any time, at the moment, the inside and outside of the mine send emergency red early warning, meanwhile, an emergency evacuation plan is immediately started, the operation and exploitation activities of the mine are immediately stopped, all mine staff rapidly evacuate the danger area, and underground water emergency pumping equipment is started to reduce the underground water level and control the water gushing condition;
when risk assessment indexEqual to the average threshold Q, i.e. +.>When the value is equal to Q, the current mine is indicated to have no obvious abnormal phenomenon, at the moment, orange early warning is sent to the inside and the outside of the mine, and at the moment, management staff in the mine continue to monitor risk conditions;
when risk assessment indexBelow the average threshold Q, i.e. +.><Q, the current mine is in a low-risk state, and regular preventive equipment is maintained at the moment in timeEnsuring that the preventive equipment can normally operate.
The maintenance management module comprises a feedback unit and a report summarizing unit;
the feedback unit is used for prompting mine background observers through a popup window after the system sends out corresponding early warning notification, and whether the final execution result is normal or not is judged;
the report summarizing unit is used for providing detailed information to management layers and regulatory authorities of mines by periodically generating a driving report of events after the regular mine-leaving on-site monitoring, wherein the report comprises key indexes, problem reports and trend analysis.
In this embodiment, the system is based on the risk assessment indexAnd (3) comparing and analyzing with the average threshold value Q, triggering corresponding early warning strategies including emergency red early warning, orange early warning and low-risk state early warning, and helping a manager to take appropriate actions rapidly. When the risk is high, the system triggers an emergency red early warning, immediately stops working, evacuates, protects the life safety of mine staff, and starts underground water emergency pumping equipment so as to reduce the underground water level and control the water inrush condition; the system calculates various key factors through deep mining historical data, and provides scientific basis for risk assessment.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 2, the following details are: a mine disaster prediction and early warning method for on-site monitoring, which comprises the following steps,
step one, installing sensors in proper areas on a mine through a data monitoring module, and monitoring and acquiring ground water and underground rock data;
step two, the monitored data are subjected to data preprocessing and conversion through a data acquisition module, the accuracy of subsequent data extraction is improved, and the subsequent data are transmitted to a data set;
step three, extracting the characteristics of the data in the data set through a predictive analysis module, and calculating, analyzing and obtaining the characteristics from the characteristics: rock penetration factorFloating factor->Water level change coefficient>And rock stability factor>Predicting risk assessment index->；
Step four, the average threshold value Q obtained from the historical data and the risk assessment index are combined through an early warning notification moduleComparing to obtain a disaster early warning strategy;
and fifthly, the maintenance management module is used for making subsequent feedback work after the early warning notification, summarizing data results obtained in the past and making reports regularly.
In this embodiment, the above-ground water and the below-ground rock data are collected and recorded through on-site monitoring, and are obtained through analysis and calculation: rock penetration factorFloating factor->Water level change coefficient>And rock stability factor>Predicting risk assessment index->And compares it with an average thresholdQ is compared, a disaster early warning strategy is finally obtained, and corresponding measures are taken.
Examples: a mine disaster prediction and early warning system for on-site monitoring is introduced into a safety management platform in a certain mine, and the following is an example of the certain mine:
data monitoring and acquisition: pore size0.05; humidity->0.65; temperature difference->35; rainfall speed->12 per second; underground water level->500 a; underground original water level->450; time interval->5; rainfall->1500; depth of water well->50 meters; />Is 2; />3; />5; />7; historical disaster frequency->Is 2;
combined pore sizePenetration factor in rock->Importance of +.>Is selected from the range of->0.51;
combined humidityPenetration factor in rock->Importance of +.>Is selected from the range of->0.38;
bonding temperature differencePenetration factor in rock->Importance of +.>Is selected from the range of->0.46;
combined with rainfall speedDegree ofPenetration factor in rock->Importance of +.>Is selected from the range of->0.66;
binding to rock penetration factorsAt the water level change coefficient>Importance of +.>Is selected from the range of->0.25; binding to Floating factor->At the water level change coefficient>Importance of +.>Is selected from the range of->0.40; in combination with rainfall->At the water level change coefficient>Importance of +.>Is selected from the range of->0.50; depth of combined wellAt the water level change coefficient>Importance of +.>Is selected from the range of->0.42;
combined loadIn rock stability factor->Importance of +.>Is selected from the range of->0.39; binding rock strength->In rock stability factor->Importance of +.>Is selected from the range of->0.23;
combined with the water level change coefficientAt risk assessment index->Importance of +.>Is selected from the range of->0.50; combined rock stability factor->At risk assessment index->Importance of +.>Is selected from the range of->0.39;
from the above data, the following calculations can be made:
rock penetration factor=/>=14.09；
Floating factor=/>=10；
Coefficient of variation of water level=/>=514.51；
Rock stability factor=/>=71.57；
Risk assessment index=/>=328.72；
If the preset floating threshold K is 15, the floating factorBelow a preset floating threshold K, the amplitude of the change, which is indicated as the groundwater level, is in an acceptable range;
if the average threshold Q is 350, then<Q, at this time, indicates that the current mine is in a low-risk state, and at this time, regular preventive equipment is required to be maintained regularly, so that the preventive equipment can be ensured to normally operate.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A mine disaster prediction and early warning system for on-site monitoring is characterized in that: the system comprises a data monitoring module, a data acquisition module, a prediction analysis module, an early warning notification module and a maintenance management module;
the data monitoring module is used for deploying sensors in a proper field section and monitoring the ground water data and underground rock data of the mine in real time;
the data acquisition module is used for collecting and arranging data information from the sensor, carrying out data processing and data conversion on the data information, converting the data information into digital signals and transmitting the digital signals to the data set in a concentrated manner;
the prediction analysis module is used for carrying out deep excavation on the ground water data, the ground water data and the underground rock data of the mine, and analyzing and obtaining: rock penetration factorFloating factor->Water level change coefficient>And rock stability factor>And input into the data set, predictive acquisition risk assessment index +.>The risk assessment index->Obtained by the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,expressed as the number of historical disasters>Expressed as a water level change coefficient>Weight value of->Expressed as rock stability factor->Wherein->，/>And->，/>Expressed as correction coefficients;
pore diameter is adjustedDifference from temperature->In connection with obtaining rock penetration factor +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The original water level->Is +.>In association, obtain the floating factor->The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Rock penetration factor->And floating factor->In association, a water level change coefficient is obtained>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Load->And crack depth->In connection with obtaining rock stability factor +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Stability coefficient of rockAnd the water level change coefficient>Associated, obtain risk assessment index +.>；
The early warning notification module is used for acquiring historical data and calculating an average value by extracting the ground water data, underground rock data and historical disaster frequency data of the mine weekly, monthly or yearly in the historical time axis, acquiring an average threshold value Q and predicting the acquired risk assessment indexComparing and analyzing with the average threshold value Q to obtain a disaster early warning strategy;
the maintenance management module is used for carrying out relative adjustment and management work on the acquired disaster early warning strategy.
2. The mine disaster predictive early warning system for on-site monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: the data monitoring module comprises a sensor unit and an image recording unit;
the sensor unit is used for installing an optical fiber sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a strain gauge sensor and a crack detector at proper positions on the surface and underground of the mine to monitor underground rock data of the mine, wherein the underground rock data comprises strain, temperature, humidity and whether cracks are expanded or deformed on the surface or inside of the rock;
the image recording unit is used for installing a camera, a well depth measuring instrument, a laser distance measuring instrument, a water level meter, a rain gauge and a raindrop counter at proper positions on the surface and underground of the mine to monitor the water on the ground and the water off the mine on site, and the water on the ground and the water off data comprise the surface and the water on the ground, the rock size, the rainfall body quantity, the well depth near the mine and the speed during rainfall.
3. The mine disaster predictive early warning system for on-site monitoring according to claim 2, wherein: the data acquisition module comprises a preprocessing unit and a data integration unit;
the preprocessing unit is used for checking and identifying the loss condition of the ground water data and the underground rock data and filling up the missing value;
the data integration unit is used for integrating the data in the plurality of data sources passing through the preprocessing unit so as to facilitate subsequent analysis, reporting and decision making; and converts the analog signal into a digital signal to unify the data formats.
4. The mine disaster predictive early warning system for on-site monitoring according to claim 3, wherein: obtaining rock penetration factors according to the collected underground rock dataSaid rock penetration factor->Obtained by the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,expressed as pore size>Expressed as humidity>Expressed as a temperature difference, and, and (2)>Expressed as the speed of rainfall, wherein->And->Respectively expressed as pore size +.>Moisture->Difference in temperature->And rainfall speed->Wherein ∈10 is a weight value of->，/>，/>，/>，/>，Expressed as a correction constant;
the floating factorObtained by the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,expressed as the ground water level->Expressed as the ground water level->Represented as time intervals.
5. The mine disaster predictive early warning system for on-site monitoring according to claim 4, wherein: penetration factor of rockAnd floating factor->In association, a water level change coefficient is obtained>The water level change coefficient ∈ ->Obtained by the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,expressed as rainfall,/->Expressed as the depth of the well>And->Expressed as rock penetration factor, respectively>Floating factor->Rainfall->And water well depth->Wherein ∈10 is a weight value of->，，/>，/>And->，/>Represented as correction coefficients.
6. The mine disaster predictive early warning system for on-site monitoring according to claim 5, wherein: will loadAnd crack depth->In connection with obtaining rock stability factor +.>The rock stability factor->Obtained by the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,expressed as rock strength>Expressed as load->Weight value of->Expressed as rock strength +.>Wherein ∈10 is a weight value of->，/>And->，/>Represented as correction coefficients.
7. The mine disaster predictive early warning system for on-site monitoring according to claim 6, wherein: will float the factorComparing and analyzing with a preset floating threshold K to obtain a comparison result:
if the floating factorAbove a preset floating threshold K, i.e. +.>>When K, the change amplitude of the underground water level is increased and exceeds a preset index, which means that the underground water level is in an abnormal state;
if the floating factorWhen the threshold value is lower than the preset floating threshold value K, namely +.><At K, the amplitude of the change, expressed as groundwater level, is in an acceptable range.
8. The mine disaster predictive early warning system for on-site monitoring according to claim 7, wherein: the obtained historical data is used for calculating and obtaining average value by using a statistical method, an average threshold value Q is generated, and the obtained risk assessment index is predictedComparing and analyzing with the average threshold value Q to obtain a disaster early warning strategy:
when risk assessment indexAbove the average threshold Q, i.e. +.>>When Q, the current mine is in a high-danger zone, which means that the underground water level gradually rises, the water burst phenomenon occurs at any time, and at the moment, the inside and outside of the mine send emergency red early warning;
when risk assessment indexEqual to the average threshold Q, i.e. +.>When the value is equal to Q, the current mine is indicated to have no obvious abnormal phenomenon, at the moment, orange early warning is sent to the inside and the outside of the mine, and at the moment, management staff in the mine continue to monitor risk conditions;
when risk assessment indexBelow the average threshold Q, i.e. +.><And Q, the current mine is in a low-risk state, and conventional preventive equipment is maintained at the moment at a fixed time, so that the preventive equipment can be ensured to normally operate.
9. The mine disaster predictive early warning system for on-site monitoring according to claim 8, wherein: the maintenance management module comprises a feedback unit and a report summarizing unit;
the feedback unit is used for prompting mine background observers through a popup window after the system sends out corresponding early warning notification, and whether the final execution result is normal or not or whether abnormal conditions exist or not;
the report summarizing unit is used for regularly generating a driving report of an event after the regular mine-leaving on-site monitoring so as to provide detailed information for a management layer and a supervision organization of the mine, wherein the report comprises key indexes, problem reports and trend analysis.
10. A mine disaster predictive early warning method for on-site monitoring, comprising the mine disaster predictive early warning system for on-site monitoring as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: comprises the steps of,
step one, installing sensors in proper areas on a mine through a data monitoring module, and monitoring and acquiring ground water and underground rock data;
step two, the monitored data are subjected to data preprocessing and conversion through a data acquisition module, the accuracy of subsequent data extraction is improved, and the subsequent data are transmitted to a data set;
step three, extracting the characteristics of the data in the data set through a predictive analysis module, and calculating, analyzing and obtaining the characteristics from the characteristics: rock penetration factorFloating factor->Water level change coefficient>And rock stability factor>Predicting risk assessment index->；
Step four, the average threshold value Q obtained from the historical data and the risk assessment index are combined through an early warning notification moduleComparing to obtain a disaster early warning strategy;
and fifthly, the maintenance management module is used for making subsequent feedback work after the early warning notification, summarizing data results obtained in the past and making reports regularly.
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