CN117034708A - Method for identifying relative folding angle between girder segments - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application relates to a method for identifying relative folding angles between girder segments, which comprises the following steps: establishing a bridge finite element calculation model; selecting a first measuring point and a second measuring point on the erected first beam segment, and selecting a third measuring point and a fourth measuring point on the second beam segment to be erected; measuring the actual measurement height difference between the first measuring point and the second measuring point and the actual measurement height difference between the third measuring point and the fourth measuring point after the second beam section is erected; calculating a model calculation height difference between the first measuring point and the second measuring point and a model calculation height difference between the third measuring point and the fourth measuring point according to the bridge finite element calculation model; and determining a correction coefficient, and calculating a relative folding angle between the first beam section and the second beam section. The application provides a method for identifying relative angles of main girder segments, which is characterized in that measuring points are respectively selected on an erected girder segment and a girder segment to be erected, the actual measured height difference of the measuring points is compared with the calculated height difference of a model, the relative angles of the main girder segments are effectively identified through structural response, and the influence caused by the dead weight errors of the segments and the rigidity errors of the main girder is effectively filtered.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, in particular to a method for identifying relative folding angles between girder segments.
Background
Today, the development of bridge technology in China is very rapid, and spans of various bridge types are continuously refreshed. For the construction control of the large-span bridge, along with the increase of the span, the number of segments is increased, the error accumulation effect is remarkable, and particularly, the requirement of the high-speed railway bridge on the alignment is very high, so that the influence on the alignment of the bridge can be determined only by accurately identifying various errors in the construction process, and reasonable construction control measures are adopted to ensure the normal operation of the bridge.
At present, a stress-free state method is generally adopted in construction control of a large-span bridge, and the principle of the stress-free state method shows that the final displacement and internal force of the structure are uniquely determined by the load, rigidity and stress-free configuration of the structure, and are irrelevant to the forming process of the structure. Wherein the unstressed configuration of the main beam includes a unstressed length and a unstressed angle of Liang Duanjian.
Because the girder always bears the actions of dead weight, temperature, external load and the like in construction, an ideal stress-free state does not exist in actual construction, the identification of a stress-free configuration is difficult, the error accumulation is large, the bridge formation line shape and the design line shape are easy to deviate greatly, and even the normal operation of a bridge is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method for identifying relative angles between girder segments, which aims to solve the technical problem of large error accumulation caused by difficulty in identifying stress-free configurations in the related art.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for identifying relative folding angles between girder segments, which comprises the following steps:
establishing a bridge finite element calculation model;
selecting a first measuring point and a second measuring point on the erected first beam segment, and selecting a third measuring point and a fourth measuring point on the second beam segment to be erected;
after the second beam section is erected, the actual measurement height difference delta between the first measuring point and the second measuring point is measured 12 ' the measured height difference delta between the third measuring point and the fourth measuring point 34 '；
Calculating a model calculation height difference delta between the first measuring point and the second measuring point according to the bridge finite element calculation model 12 ' model calculation of the third and fourth measuring points delta 34 '；
Determining a correction coefficient alpha M A relative angle of refraction θ between the first beam segment and the second beam segment is calculated.
In some embodiments, the first and second measurement points are proximate the cantilever end of the first beam section, and the second measurement point is proximate the outboard side; the third measuring point and the fourth measuring point are close to the cantilever end of the second beam section, and the fourth measuring point is close to the outer side.
In some embodiments, the calculation formula of the relative folding angle θ is:
wherein L is 34 L is the distance between the third measuring point and the fourth measuring point 12 Is the distance between the first measurement point and the second measurement point.
In some embodiments, the determining of the correction coefficient alpha M Comprising the following steps:
measuring the measured height delta between the first measuring point and the second measuring point before the second beam section is erected 12 ；
Before the second beam section is erected, calculating the first measuring point according to the bridge finite element calculation modelModel calculation of the height difference delta between the second measuring point and the second measuring point 12 ；
Calculating the correction coefficient alpha M ；
The calculation formula is as follows:
in some embodiments, the calculating the model calculation height difference delta between the first measuring point and the second measuring point according to the bridge finite element calculation model 12 ' comprising:
calculating the absolute elevation y of the first measuring point according to the bridge finite element calculation model 1 '；
Calculating the absolute elevation y of the second measuring point according to the bridge finite element calculation model 2 '；
Calculating a model calculation height difference delta between the first measuring point and the second measuring point 12 '；
The calculation formula is as follows: delta 12 ′＝y 2 ′-y 1 ′。
In some embodiments, the bridge finite element calculation model is built in stages.
In some embodiments, when the bridge is a cable-stayed bridge or a suspension bridge, the first measuring point and the second measuring point are located at a cable-beam node position.
In some embodiments, when the bridge is a steel truss or steel box girder, the first and second stations are located at web members or bulkhead locations.
In some embodiments, the first and second points correspond to nodes in the bridge finite element computing model.
In some embodiments, the measurement is performed by a differential static level while measuring the altitude difference.
The technical scheme provided by the application has the beneficial effects that:
the application provides a method for identifying relative folding angles between girder segments, which is characterized in that measuring points are respectively selected on an erected girder segment and a girder segment to be erected, the actual measured height difference of the measuring points is compared with the calculated height difference of a model, the relative folding angles between girder segments are effectively identified through structural response, the influence caused by the dead weight error of the girder segments and the rigidity error of the girder is effectively filtered, the real-time performance is strong, the data quantity is small, and the method is suitable for various bridge types of girder bridges, cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges; according to the identified relative angle, construction control measures can be provided in a targeted manner in subsequent construction to avoid error accumulation, so that guarantee is provided for finally achieving the target design linearity, and the method has significant significance for the error accumulation effect of the large-span bridge.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for identifying relative angles of inflection between main beam segments according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a main beam segment according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
1. a first beam section; 2. a first measurement point; 3. a second measuring point; 4. a second beam section; 5. a third measuring point; 6. a fourth measuring point; 7. differential pressure type hydrostatic level gauge.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
At present, a stress-free state method is generally adopted for construction control of the large-span bridge, and the stress-free configuration of the main girder comprises a stress-free length and a stress-free angle of Liang Duanjian.
The application discovers that for a large-span bridge, a segment assembly type girder is often adopted, dead weight errors and girder rigidity errors exist in the segments, micro-folding angles possibly occur during the installation of the girder segments, and the influence of the micro-folding angles on the line shape continuously develops along with the continuous advancement of the installation of the girder segments, so that the bridge formation line shape and the design line shape deviate greatly. However, there is no relevant method for identifying the relative angle of the main beam sections.
Fig. 1 and 2 are flowcharts illustrating a method for identifying a relative angle between girder segments according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a main beam segment according to an embodiment of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for identifying relative folding angles between girder segments, which comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a bridge finite element calculation model;
s2, selecting a first measuring point 2 and a second measuring point 3 on the erected first beam segment 1, and selecting a third measuring point 5 and a fourth measuring point 6 on the second beam segment 4 to be erected;
s3, after the second beam section 4 is erected, measuring the actual measurement height difference delta between the first measuring point 2 and the second measuring point 3 12 ' measured height difference delta between third measuring point 5 and fourth measuring point 6 34 '；
S4, calculating a model calculation height difference delta between the first measuring point 2 and the second measuring point 3 according to the bridge finite element calculation model 12 Model calculation of the height difference delta between the third measuring point 5 and the fourth measuring point 6 34 '；
Step S5, determining a correction coefficient alpha M The relative angle of refraction θ between the first beam segment 1 and the second beam segment 4 is calculated.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for identifying relative folding angles between girder segments, which is characterized in that measuring points are respectively selected on an erected girder segment and a girder segment to be erected, the actual measured height differences of the measuring points are compared with the calculated height differences of a model, the relative folding angles between the girder segments are effectively identified through structural response, the influence caused by the dead weight errors of the girder segments and the rigidity errors of the girder is effectively filtered, the real-time performance is strong, the data quantity is small, and the method is suitable for various bridge types of girder bridges, cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges; according to the identified relative angle, construction control measures can be provided in a targeted manner in subsequent construction to avoid error accumulation, so that guarantee is provided for finally achieving the target design linearity, and the method has significant significance for the error accumulation effect of the large-span bridge.
The steps are described and illustrated in detail below.
And S1, establishing a bridge finite element calculation model.
In some embodiments, the bridge finite element calculation model is built in stages, and the site construction condition is simulated according to the actual working condition.
And S2, selecting a first measuring point 2 and a second measuring point 3 on the erected first beam segment 1, and selecting a third measuring point 5 and a fourth measuring point 6 on the second beam segment 4 to be erected.
In some embodiments, the first measuring point 2 and the second measuring point 3 are on a pure cantilever section of the erected first beam section 1, close to the cantilever end of the first beam section 1, and the second measuring point 3 is close to the outside; the third measuring point 5 and the fourth measuring point 6 are arranged on a pure cantilever section of the second beam section 4 to be erected, close to the cantilever end of the second beam section 4, and the fourth measuring point 6 is close to the outer side.
In some embodiments, when the bridge is a cable-stayed bridge or a suspension bridge, the first and second measuring points 2, 3 are located at the cable-beam node positions.
In some embodiments, where the bridge is a steel truss or steel box girder, the first and second stations 2, 3 are located at web or bulkhead locations.
In some embodiments, the first station 2 and the second station 3 correspond to nodes in a bridge finite element computing model.
S3, after the second beam section 4 is erected, measuring the actual measurement height difference delta between the first measuring point 2 and the second measuring point 3 12 ' measured height difference delta between third measuring point 5 and fourth measuring point 6 34 '。
In some embodiments, the measurement is performed by a differential hydrostatic level 7 when measuring the height difference.
In the existing construction control process, the elevation measurement equipment often adopts a level gauge or a total station, is greatly influenced by distance measurement, environment and the like, has relatively large instrument error, measures absolute elevation, and obviously fluctuates along with the influence of the environment due to absolute Gao Chenghui of a large-span bridge. The differential pressure type static level is a high-precision measuring instrument for measuring the change of the relative height difference, the error precision is within 1mm, only the relative height is measured, the numerical value is stable, and the high-precision measurement and identification can be realized.
When the differential pressure type static level gauge 7 is adopted for measuring the height difference on site, the differential pressure type static level gauge should be used in a constant-temperature windless environment.
S4, calculating a model calculation height difference delta between the first measuring point 2 and the second measuring point 3 according to the bridge finite element calculation model 12 Model calculation of the height difference delta between the third measuring point 5 and the fourth measuring point 6 34 '。
In some embodiments, the model calculation height difference delta between the first and second survey points 2, 3 is calculated according to a bridge finite element calculation model 12 ' comprising:
calculating the absolute elevation y of the first measuring point 2 according to the bridge finite element calculation model 1 '；
Calculating the absolute elevation y of the second measuring point 3 according to the bridge finite element calculation model 2 '；
Calculating a model calculation height difference delta between the first measurement point 2 and the second measurement point 3 12 '；
The calculation formula is as follows: delta 12 ′＝y 2 ′-y 1 ′。
The same method calculates a model calculation height difference delta between the third measuring point 5 and the fourth measuring point 6 34 '. That is, the absolute elevation of the third measuring point 5 and the absolute elevation of the fourth measuring point 6 are calculated according to the bridge finite element calculation model, and the model calculation elevation difference between the third measuring point 5 and the fourth measuring point 6 is the difference between the two.
Step S5, determining a correction coefficient alpha M The relative angle of refraction θ between the first beam segment 1 and the second beam segment 4 is calculated.
According to the displacement increment condition of the first measuring point 2 and the second measuring point 3 before and after the second beam section 4 is erected, a correction coefficient alpha integrating weight and rigidity errors is determined M 。
In some embodiments, a correction coefficient α is determined M Comprising the following steps:
measuring the measured height difference delta between the first measuring point 2 and the second measuring point 3 before the second beam section 4 is erected 12 ；
Before the second beam section 4 is erected, calculating a model calculation height difference delta between the first measuring point 2 and the second measuring point 3 according to a bridge finite element calculation model 12 ；
Calculating correction coefficient alpha M ；
The calculation formula is as follows:
the relative angle of refraction between the main beam sections is calculated from the displacement relationship of the first beam section 1 and the second beam section 4.
In some embodiments, the relative break angle θ is calculated as:
wherein L is 34 L is the distance between the third measuring point and the fourth measuring point 12 Is the distance between the first measurement point and the second measurement point.
The following describes in detail a cable-stayed bridge with a steel truss girder with a main span of 1176 m.
And S1, establishing a bridge finite element calculation model.
Specifically, a bridge finite element calculation model simulating site construction in stages is established, the cable-stayed bridge is constructed by adopting a balanced cantilever, and a girder erection construction at a certain stage is performed.
The pitch of the steel truss girder nodes is 14m, the single erection stage is 2 internodes, namely the hoisting length is 28m, and the side span girder section and the middle span girder section are hoisted at the same time.
And S2, selecting a first measuring point 2 and a second measuring point 3 on the erected first beam segment 1, and selecting a third measuring point 5 and a fourth measuring point 6 on the second beam segment 4 to be erected.
Taking the calculation of the angle of the mid-span steel truss girder as an example, 2 measuring points are selected on a pure cantilever section of the erected first girder section 1, wherein the measuring points are respectively a first measuring point 2 and a second measuring point 3, and the second measuring point 3 is close to the outer side; on the second beam section 4 to be erected, 2 measuring points are also selected, namely a third measuring point 5 and a fourth measuring point 6, and the fourth measuring point 6 is close to the outer side. The measuring point is taken at the position of the cable beam node.
S3, measuring the actual measurement height delta between the first measuring point 2 and the second measuring point 3 on site through a differential pressure type static level gauge 7 before the second beam section 4 is erected 12 ＝-80.1mm。
Before the second beam section 4 is erected, calculating absolute heights between the first measuring point 2 and the second measuring point 3 according to a bridge finite element calculation model, wherein the absolute heights are respectively y 1 ＝-1943.3mm，y 2 = -2019.6mm, the model calculates the height difference delta 12 ＝y 2 -y 1 ＝-76.3mm。
And S4, after the second beam section 4 is erected, measuring the actual measurement height difference between the measuring points on site through a differential pressure type static level gauge 7.
The method comprises the following steps of:
measured height difference delta between first measuring point 2 and second measuring point 3 12 '＝-151.0mm；
Measured height difference delta between third measuring point 5 and fourth measuring point 6 34 '＝-151.6mm。
And S5, calculating the absolute elevation of the measuring point according to the bridge finite element calculation model and calculating the elevation difference according to the model.
The method comprises the following steps of:
absolute elevation y of first measuring point 2 1 '＝-2452.9mm；
Absolute elevation y of second measuring point 3 2 '＝-2596.8mm；
Absolute elevation y of third measuring point 5 3 '＝-2738.4mm；
Absolute elevation y of fourth measuring point 6 4 '＝-2874.9mm；
Model calculation of the height difference delta between the first measurement point 2 and the second measurement point 3 12 '＝y 2 '-y 1 '＝-143.9mm；
Model calculation of the height difference delta between the third measurement point 5 and the fourth measurement point 6 34 '＝y 4 '-y 3 '＝-136.5mm。
Step S5, determining a correction coefficient alpha M The relative angle of refraction θ between the first beam segment 1 and the second beam segment 4 is calculated.
Calculating correction coefficients
Indicating that the effect of weight and stiffness errors add up to about 5%.
The relative angle of refraction between the main beam sections is calculated from the displacement relationship of the first beam section 1 and the second beam section 4.
Wherein L is 34 L is the distance between the third measuring point and the fourth measuring point 12 The distance between the first measuring point and the second measuring point, namely the node distance, is 14m.
In this example, the node pitches are 14m.
The identification method provided by the embodiment of the application identifies that the relative folding angle between the girder segments is-5.98X10 -4 The resulting elevation deviation for the 28 m-segment beam to be erected is calculated to be 5.98X10 -4 X 28000=17 mm (calculated as absolute value of relative angle of inflection) and affects the installation of each subsequent segment, the effect on the line shape becomes greater as construction advances. Therefore, in the subsequent construction, further accumulation of errors should be avoided, for example, the steel beam can be considered to be adjusted back to the correct linear position by actively setting the folding angle.
On the other hand, the error cause can be determined by determining the angle of refraction by the process error when the beam sections are connected, the truss height is 15.5m in the embodiment, the error of the angle of refraction is derived from the length difference of the upper chord and the lower chord, and is calculated to be 5.98X10 -4 X 15500=9.3 mm (calculated as absolute value of relative angle of refraction).
It can be seen that the upper and lower chords should not have a difference in length, but due to manufacturing or installation process reasons, the upper and lower chords have a difference in length of 9.3mm after the beam sections are connected, which deviation directly results in Liang Duanjian fold angle. The method further comprises the steps of tracing the root, combining the manufacturing original data with the construction monitoring data, determining whether the length difference is mainly generated in the manufacturing stage or the installation stage of the steel beam, and performing key control in the follow-up construction.
It can be seen that the identification of the relative angle of inflection between the main beam sections is critical to the control of the line-shaped errors in the structural construction process. The identification method provided by the embodiment of the application compares the on-site actual height difference with the calculated height difference of the finite element model, adopts a high-precision differential pressure type static level to measure the relative height difference, and can calculate the relative angle of refraction between the girder sections by only measuring a small amount of data. If a larger folding angle is found, the method can be purposefully provided for comprehensively analyzing the large folding angle from the aspects of error formation, subsequent influence, control measures and the like, so that the line shape can be controlled, and the goal bridge line shape can be finally achieved.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the method or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
It should be noted that in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of embodiments of the present application to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A method of identifying a relative angle of refraction between main beam segments, comprising:
establishing a bridge finite element calculation model;
selecting a first measuring point (2) and a second measuring point (3) on the erected first beam segment (1), and selecting a third measuring point (5) and a fourth measuring point (6) on the second beam segment (4) to be erected;
after the second beam section (4) is erected, the actual measurement height difference delta between the first measuring point (2) and the second measuring point (3) is measured 12 ' the measured height difference delta between the third measuring point (5) and the fourth measuring point (6) 34 '；
Calculating a model calculation height difference delta between the first measuring point (2) and the second measuring point (3) according to the bridge finite element calculation model 12 ' calculating a height difference delta from the model between the third measuring point (5) and the fourth measuring point (6) 34 '；
Determining a correction coefficient alpha M Calculating the said-a relative angle of refraction θ between the first beam section (1) and the second beam section (4).
2. A method of identifying a relative angle of inflection between girder segments according to claim 1, wherein the first (2) and second (3) measuring points are located close to the cantilever end of the first girder segment (1), the second measuring point (3) being located close to the outside; the third measuring point (5) and the fourth measuring point (6) are close to the cantilever end of the second beam section (4), and the fourth measuring point (6) is close to the outer side.
3. The method for identifying a relative angle of refraction between main beam segments according to claim 1, wherein the relative angle of refraction θ is calculated according to the formula:
wherein L is 34 L is the distance between the third measuring point and the fourth measuring point 12 Is the distance between the first measurement point and the second measurement point.
4. A method of identifying relative angles of inflection between girder segments according to claim 1, wherein said determining a correction factor α M Comprising the following steps:
measuring the measured height difference delta between the first measuring point (2) and the second measuring point (3) before the second beam section (4) is erected 12 ；
Before the second beam section (4) is erected, calculating a model calculation height difference delta between the first measuring point (2) and the second measuring point (3) according to the bridge finite element calculation model 12 ；
Calculating the correction coefficient alpha M ；
The calculation formula is as follows:
5. as claimed in claim 1The method for identifying the relative folding angle between the girder segments is characterized in that the method calculates the model calculation height difference delta between the first measuring point (2) and the second measuring point (3) according to the bridge finite element calculation model 12 ' comprising:
calculating the absolute elevation y of the first measuring point (2) according to the bridge finite element calculation model 1 '；
Calculating the absolute elevation y of the second measuring point (3) according to the bridge finite element calculation model 2 '；
Calculating a model calculation height difference delta between the first measuring point (2) and the second measuring point (3) 12 '；
The calculation formula is as follows: delta 12 ′＝y 2 ′-y 1 ′。
6. A method of identifying relative angles of inflection between girder segments according to claim 1, wherein the bridge finite element calculation model is built in stages.
7. The method for identifying the relative angle of folding between main girder segments according to claim 1, wherein when the bridge is a cable-stayed bridge or a suspension bridge, the first measuring point (2) and the second measuring point (3) are positioned at the positions of cable-girder nodes.
8. A method of identifying a relative angle between girder segments according to claim 1, wherein the first and second measuring points (2, 3) are located at web members or bulkhead locations when the bridge is a steel truss or steel box girder.
9. A method of identifying relative angles of inflection between girder segments according to claim 8, wherein the first (2) and second (3) points correspond to nodes in the bridge finite element calculation model.
10. A method of identifying the relative angle of refraction between girder segments according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the measurement is carried out by means of a differential static level (7) when measuring the height difference.
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