CN117030269A - Isentropic efficiency high-precision measuring device for blade machine - Google Patents

Isentropic efficiency high-precision measuring device for blade machine Download PDF

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CN117030269A
CN117030269A CN202310806857.1A CN202310806857A CN117030269A CN 117030269 A CN117030269 A CN 117030269A CN 202310806857 A CN202310806857 A CN 202310806857A CN 117030269 A CN117030269 A CN 117030269A
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probe
support rod
leeward side
temperature sensor
air inlet
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马宏伟
李彦仪
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Beihang University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00Testing of engines
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01KMEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K13/00Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01K13/02Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow
    • G01K13/024Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow of moving gases
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于叶片机测试技术领域,具体涉及一种叶片机等熵效率高精度测量装置,包括:温度传感器、迎风侧引压管、背风侧引压管、安装座、绝热密封胶、出气口、圆形通道、温度传感器线缆、探针支杆、进气口、背风侧安装孔,其特征在于:探针支杆呈“丨”字型结构,探针支杆的迎风侧开有进气口,迎风侧引压管与温度传感器通过安装座平行安装于进气口中,进气口左右分别开有出气口,出气口从探针支杆背风侧引出,探针支杆背风侧开有背风侧安装孔,背风侧引压管通过绝热密封胶固定于背风侧安装孔内。本发明能够在最大限度减弱对被测流场干扰的前提下实现风扇、压气机、涡轮等叶片机等熵效率的高精度测量。

The invention belongs to the technical field of blade machine testing, and specifically relates to a high-precision measuring device for blade machine isentropic efficiency, which includes: a temperature sensor, a windward side pressure induction pipe, a leeward side pressure induction pipe, a mounting base, an insulating sealant, an air outlet, Circular channel, temperature sensor cable, probe support rod, air inlet, and leeward side mounting hole. It is characterized in that: the probe support rod has a "丨" shaped structure, and there is an air inlet on the windward side of the probe support rod. The pressure pipe on the windward side and the temperature sensor are installed parallel to the air inlet through the mounting base. There are air outlets on the left and right of the air inlet. The air outlet is led from the leeward side of the probe pole. There is a leeward opening on the leeward side of the probe pole. Side mounting hole, the leeward side pressure pipe is fixed in the leeward side mounting hole through insulating sealant. The invention can achieve high-precision measurement of the isentropic efficiency of blade machines such as fans, compressors, and turbines while minimizing interference to the measured flow field.

Description

一种叶片机等熵效率高精度测量装置A high-precision measuring device for blade machine isentropic efficiency

技术领域Technical field

本发明属于叶片机测试技术领域,具体涉及一种叶片机等熵效率高精度测量装置,能够在最大限度减弱对被测流场干扰的前提下实现风扇、压气机、涡轮等叶片机等熵效率的高精度测量。The invention belongs to the technical field of blade machine testing, and specifically relates to a high-precision measuring device for blade machine isentropic efficiency, which can realize the isentropic efficiency of blade machines such as fans, compressors, and turbines while minimizing interference to the measured flow field. high-precision measurement.

背景技术Background technique

叶片机作为能量转换的机器广泛地用于航空及其他工业领域。在近代航空发动机上几乎都采用轴流式叶片机:风扇、压气机、涡轮。因此,叶片机效率的高低直接决定了航空发动机的性能。叶片机的效率是一个间接测量量,等熵效率是用来计算其效率最常用的方法之一。叶片机等熵效率的计算公式如下:Blade machines are widely used in aviation and other industrial fields as energy conversion machines. Almost all modern aerospace engines use axial flow blade machines: fans, compressors, and turbines. Therefore, the efficiency of the blade machine directly determines the performance of the aeroengine. The efficiency of a blade machine is an indirect measurement, and isentropic efficiency is one of the most common methods used to calculate its efficiency. The calculation formula of the isentropic efficiency of the blade machine is as follows:

风扇\压气机等熵效率:Fan\compressor isentropic efficiency:

涡轮等熵效率:Turbine isentropic efficiency:

其中:ηc——风扇\压气机等熵效率Where: η c ——fan\compressor isentropic efficiency

Tt1——压气机进口总温,KT t1 ——Total compressor inlet temperature, K

Tt2——压气机出口总温,KT t2 ——Total compressor outlet temperature, K

πc——压气机总压比π c ——Total pressure ratio of compressor

k——比热比k——specific heat ratio

ηTorbo——涡轮等熵效率η Torbo - Turbine isentropic efficiency

Tt3——涡轮进口总温,KT t3 ——Turbine inlet total temperature, K

Tt4——涡轮出口总温,KT t4 ——Turbine outlet total temperature, K

Pt3——涡轮进口总压,PaP t3 ——Turbine inlet total pressure, Pa

Ps4——涡轮出口静压,PaP s4 ——Turbine outlet static pressure, Pa

由上述公式可知,为测量叶片机等熵效率,需要测量叶片机进口总温、总压,出口总温、总压、静压。现有测量装置在进行叶片机进出口参数测量时,大多使用单独的压力测量装置和单独的温度测量装置分别对压力和温度进行测量,其缺点是:It can be seen from the above formula that in order to measure the isentropic efficiency of the blade machine, it is necessary to measure the total temperature and total pressure at the inlet of the blade machine, and the total temperature, total pressure and static pressure at the outlet. When measuring the inlet and outlet parameters of a blade machine, most existing measuring devices use a separate pressure measuring device and a separate temperature measuring device to measure pressure and temperature respectively. The disadvantages are:

1、压力、温度不能同时同点测量,且测量参数并不来自于同一流线,而叶片机中的流动具有很强空间不均匀性,这就会令最终的测量结果产生额外的误差。1. Pressure and temperature cannot be measured at the same point at the same time, and the measurement parameters do not come from the same streamline. The flow in the blade machine has strong spatial non-uniformity, which will cause additional errors in the final measurement results.

2、探针在伸入叶片机流场中进行测量时,不可避免的会对被测流场产生干扰,而现有技术中由于采用单独的压力测量装置和单独温度测量装置进行测量,使用的探针数量过多,会对被测流场造成较大的干扰,最终使得测量误差增大,同时造成流场的堵塞。2. When the probe is extended into the flow field of the blade machine for measurement, it will inevitably interfere with the flow field being measured. However, in the existing technology, a separate pressure measuring device and a separate temperature measuring device are used for measurement. Too many probes will cause greater interference to the measured flow field, ultimately increasing the measurement error and causing blockage of the flow field.

同时,现有的温度压力组合探针结构一般为单孔压力探针与温度测点结合以及多孔压力探针与温度测点结合设计,其缺点是:一、多孔压力探针与温度测点结合的设计需要占据探针表面比较大的空间,使得流场测量的空间分辨率较差,导致较大的测量误差;二、单孔压力探针与温度测点结合的设计虽然改善了流场测量的空间分辨率,但单压力测点为了保证压力测量的精度,需要旋转探针对压力的测量值进行修正,但这样就无法保证温度、压力测点在同一条流线上,产生而外的误差;三、为保证测量精度,温度测点一般采用滞止罩或屏蔽罩设计,使探针头部尺寸大大增加,无法对狭窄的叶片机两极间的流场进行测量。At the same time, the existing temperature and pressure combination probe structures are generally designed to combine a single-hole pressure probe with a temperature measuring point or a multi-hole pressure probe with a temperature measuring point. The disadvantages are: 1. The combination of a multi-hole pressure probe and a temperature measuring point The design requires a relatively large space on the probe surface, making the spatial resolution of the flow field measurement poor, resulting in larger measurement errors; 2. Although the design of the single-hole pressure probe combined with the temperature measuring point improves the flow field measurement Spatial resolution, but in order to ensure the accuracy of pressure measurement, a single pressure measuring point needs to rotate the probe to correct the pressure measurement value, but this cannot ensure that the temperature and pressure measuring points are on the same streamline, resulting in extraneous Error; 3. In order to ensure the measurement accuracy, the temperature measuring points generally adopt the design of stagnation cover or shielding cover, which greatly increases the size of the probe head and makes it impossible to measure the flow field between the two poles of the narrow blade machine.

因此,现有测量装置已无法满足叶片机等熵效率的高精度测量需求,急需一种叶片机等熵效率高精度测量装置实现对叶片机等熵效率的高精度测量。Therefore, existing measurement devices can no longer meet the demand for high-precision measurement of isentropic efficiency of blade machines, and there is an urgent need for a high-precision measurement device for isentropic efficiency of blade machines to achieve high-precision measurement of isentropic efficiency of blade machines.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的一种叶片机等熵效率高精度测量装置,探针整体采用“丨”字型设计,其测量装置不同于以往的单独压力测量装置和温度测量装置,本发明装置为压力温度组合测量装置,即能通过单个装置实现气流总温、总压、静温、静压、马赫数、速度、密度、熵的测量。本发明的装置摒弃了传统的总温测量装置的设计思路,而是基于申请人多年的研究,创造性的提出将压力测点与温度测点在迎风面组合安装,加强了气流与温度传感器的对流换热,提升了总温恢复系数,以及减小了在高温测量时,温度测量辐射误差较大的问题,并且无需考虑总温测量的气流不敏感角问题;同时在背风面安装另一压力测点对迎风面压力测点进行修正,在保证了总温、总压测量的空间分辨率的同时,有效减小了总压测量的误差。The present invention is a high-precision measuring device for isentropic efficiency of a blade machine. The entire probe adopts a "丨"-shaped design. Its measuring device is different from the previous separate pressure measuring device and temperature measuring device. The device of the present invention is a combined pressure and temperature measurement device. The device can measure the total temperature, total pressure, static temperature, static pressure, Mach number, speed, density and entropy of the airflow through a single device. The device of the present invention abandons the traditional design idea of a total temperature measuring device. Instead, based on the applicant's years of research, it creatively proposes to combine pressure measuring points and temperature measuring points on the windward side to enhance the convection between the air flow and the temperature sensor. Heat exchange improves the total temperature recovery coefficient and reduces the problem of large temperature measurement radiation errors during high-temperature measurements. There is no need to consider the airflow insensitivity angle of total temperature measurement; at the same time, another pressure sensor is installed on the leeward side. Point-to-point correction of the pressure measurement points on the windward side not only ensures the spatial resolution of total temperature and total pressure measurement, but also effectively reduces the total pressure measurement error.

本发明提供了一种叶片机等熵效率高精度测量装置,要解决的技术问题是:第一,解决现有的测量装置无法同时高精度测量流场总温、总压、静温、静压、马赫数、速度、密度、熵等参数的问题;第二,解决现有的温度测量装置辐射误差大、总温恢复系数低、不敏感角小的问题;第三、解决现有温度测量装置无法独立对不同马赫数工况进行速度误差修正的问题。第四,解决现有压力、温度组合测量装置空间分辨率低以及测量精度低的问题。The invention provides a high-precision measuring device for the isentropic efficiency of a blade machine. The technical problems to be solved are: first, solving the problem that the existing measuring device cannot simultaneously measure the total temperature, total pressure, static temperature and static pressure of the flow field with high precision. , Mach number, speed, density, entropy and other parameters; second, solve the problems of large radiation error, low total temperature recovery coefficient, and small insensitivity angle of existing temperature measurement devices; third, solve the problems of existing temperature measurement devices The problem is that speed error correction cannot be independently performed for different Mach number operating conditions. Fourth, solve the problems of low spatial resolution and low measurement accuracy of existing pressure and temperature combined measurement devices.

本发明的技术解决方案是:The technical solution of the present invention is:

1、一种叶片机等熵效率高精度测量装置,由温度传感器(1)、迎风侧引压管(2)、背风侧引压管(3)、安装座(4)、绝热密封胶(5)、出气口(6)、圆形通道(7)、温度传感器线缆(8)、探针支杆(9)、进气口(10)、背风侧安装孔(11)组成,其特征在于:探针支杆(9)呈“丨”字型结构,探针支杆(9)的迎风侧开有进气口(10),迎风侧引压管(2)与温度传感器(1)通过安装座(4)平行安装于进气口(10)中,迎风侧引压管(2)与温度传感器线缆(8)通过圆形通道(7)引出探针支杆(9),进气口(10)左右分别开有出气口(6),出气口(6)从探针支杆(9)背风侧引出,探针支杆(9)背风侧开有背风侧安装孔(11),背风侧引压管(3)通过绝热密封胶(5)固定于背风侧安装孔(11)内,并由圆形通道(7)引出探针支杆(9)尾部。1. A high-precision measuring device for the isentropic efficiency of a blade machine, consisting of a temperature sensor (1), a windward side pressure pipe (2), a leeward side pressure pipe (3), a mounting base (4), and an insulating sealant (5 ), an air outlet (6), a circular channel (7), a temperature sensor cable (8), a probe rod (9), an air inlet (10), and a leeward side mounting hole (11). It is characterized by: : The probe support rod (9) has a "丨"-shaped structure. There is an air inlet (10) on the windward side of the probe support rod (9), and the pressure tube (2) and the temperature sensor (1) on the windward side pass through The mounting base (4) is installed parallel to the air inlet (10). The windward side pressure pipe (2) and the temperature sensor cable (8) lead out the probe support rod (9) through the circular channel (7), and the air inlet There are air outlets (6) on the left and right sides of the mouth (10). The air outlet (6) is led from the leeward side of the probe support rod (9). The leeward side of the probe support rod (9) has a leeward side installation hole (11). The leeward side pressure pipe (3) is fixed in the leeward side installation hole (11) through the insulating sealant (5), and leads out from the circular channel (7) to the tail of the probe rod (9).

2、进一步,探针支杆(9)长度为10~110毫米,直径为8~16毫米,探针支杆(9)迎风侧开有进气口(10),进气口(10)由收缩段与圆柱段组成,收缩段子午面型线为双纽线或30~60°圆弧线,圆柱段直径2~6毫米,长度为4~10毫米,其中心线距探针顶部5~15毫米,进气口(10)左右分别开有出气口(6),出气口(6)从探针支杆(9)背风侧引出,直径为0.1~2毫米。2. Further, the probe support rod (9) has a length of 10 to 110 mm and a diameter of 8 to 16 mm. The probe support rod (9) has an air inlet (10) on the windward side, and the air inlet (10) consists of The contraction section is composed of a cylindrical section. The meridian line of the contraction section is a lemniscate or a 30-60° arc line. The diameter of the cylindrical section is 2-6 mm and the length is 4-10 mm. Its center line is 5-5 mm from the top of the probe. 15 mm, and there are air outlets (6) on the left and right sides of the air inlet (10). The air outlets (6) are led from the leeward side of the probe support rod (9), with a diameter of 0.1 to 2 mm.

3、进一步,温度传感器(1)与迎风侧引压管(2)通过绝热密封胶(5)固定于安装座(4)内,其中心线均与来流方向平行,温度传感器(1)头部距探针支杆(9)迎风侧2~6毫米,温度传感器线缆(8)通过圆形通道(7)引出探针支杆(9)尾部,迎风侧引压管(2)前端距进气口(10)前端1~4毫米,尾端通过圆形通道(7)引出探针支杆(9)尾部,迎风侧引压管(2)前端较温度传感器(1)前端长1~3毫米。3. Further, the temperature sensor (1) and the windward side pressure pipe (2) are fixed in the mounting base (4) through the insulating sealant (5). Their center lines are parallel to the direction of the inflow, and the temperature sensor (1) head The distance between the probe pole (9) and the windward side is 2 to 6 mm. The temperature sensor cable (8) is led out of the probe pole (9) through the circular channel (7). The front end of the pressure pipe (2) on the windward side is 2 to 6 mm away. The front end of the air inlet (10) is 1 to 4 mm, and the rear end leads to the tail of the probe rod (9) through the circular channel (7). The front end of the windward side pressure tube (2) is 1 to 4 mm longer than the front end of the temperature sensor (1). 3mm.

4、进一步,背风侧引压管(3)通过绝热密封胶(5)固定于背风侧安装孔(11)内,其中心线与迎风侧引压管(2)共线,背风侧引压管(3)头部距探针支杆(9)背风侧1~4毫米,尾部通过圆形通道(7)从探针支杆(9)尾部引出。4. Further, the leeward side pressure pipe (3) is fixed in the leeward side installation hole (11) through the insulating sealant (5), and its center line is collinear with the windward side pressure pipe (2). (3) The head is 1 to 4 mm away from the leeward side of the probe pole (9), and the tail is led out from the tail of the probe pole (9) through the circular channel (7).

5、进一步,圆形通道(7)直径为2~6毫米,其中心线距探针支杆(9)中心线0.5~5毫米,其顶部与进气口(10)上端齐平,下端贯穿探针支杆(9)。5. Further, the diameter of the circular channel (7) is 2 to 6 mm, its center line is 0.5 to 5 mm away from the center line of the probe support rod (9), its top is flush with the upper end of the air inlet (10), and its lower end runs through Probe support (9).

本发明一种叶片机等熵效率高精度测量装置,具有以下有益效果:The invention is a high-precision measuring device for isentropic efficiency of a blade machine, which has the following beneficial effects:

有益效果一:本发明单个装置即可实现叶片机流场总温、总压、静温、静压、马赫数、速度、密度、熵的测量,结构紧凑,尺寸小,有效减少了对被测流场的干扰,提高了试验测试精度。Beneficial effect one: a single device of the present invention can realize the measurement of the total temperature, total pressure, static temperature, static pressure, Mach number, speed, density, and entropy of the blade machine flow field. It has a compact structure and small size, which effectively reduces the need for the measured The interference of the flow field improves the test accuracy.

有益效果二:本发明利用迎风侧压力测点可以获得来流方向,然后转动探针支杆,使迎风侧进口正对来流方向,因此,本发明可以对所有来流角度进行总温的高精度测量,不存在传统温度探针不敏感角小的问题。Beneficial Effect 2: The present invention uses the windward side pressure measuring point to obtain the incoming flow direction, and then rotates the probe rod so that the windward side inlet faces the incoming flow direction. Therefore, the present invention can perform high-temperature measurement for all incoming flow angles. Accurate measurement without the problem of small insensitive angle of traditional temperature probes.

有益效果三:温度传感器与迎风侧引压管均位于同一进气口内,使总温与总压的测量值是同一条流线上,同时迎风侧引压管与背风侧引压管位于同一水平线上,因此迎风侧与背风侧所测总压也是同一条流线上,测量精度大大提高。Beneficial effect three: the temperature sensor and the windward side pressure pipe are located in the same air inlet, so that the measured values of the total temperature and total pressure are on the same streamline, and the windward side pressure pipe and the leeward side pressure pipe are located on the same horizontal line. Therefore, the total pressure measured on the windward side and the leeward side is also on the same streamline, and the measurement accuracy is greatly improved.

有益效果四:利用迎风侧引压管增强进气口内的气流扰动,加强了气流与温度传感器的换热,使得温度传感器的总温恢复系数高且稳定,同时迎风侧引压管前端长于温度传感器前端,减小气流到达迎风侧引压管的总压损失,提高总压测量精度。Beneficial Effect 4: The windward side pressure inducing tube is used to enhance the air flow disturbance in the air inlet, which enhances the heat exchange between the air flow and the temperature sensor, making the total temperature recovery coefficient of the temperature sensor high and stable. At the same time, the front end of the windward side pressure inducing tube is longer than the temperature sensor. The front end reduces the total pressure loss when the airflow reaches the windward side pressure pipe and improves the total pressure measurement accuracy.

有益效果五:本发明将温度传感器安装于探针内部,使得在对高温气流测量时,屏蔽效果好,热辐射引起的辐射误差大大降低。Beneficial effect five: In the present invention, the temperature sensor is installed inside the probe, so that when measuring high-temperature air flow, the shielding effect is good and the radiation error caused by thermal radiation is greatly reduced.

有益效果六:本发明探针为“丨”字型,尺寸小,适用于狭窄的叶片机两极之间的流场测量。Beneficial effect 6: The probe of the present invention has a "丨" shape and is small in size, and is suitable for flow field measurement between two poles of a narrow blade machine.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1是本发明实施例中的一种叶片机等熵效率高精度测量装置的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-precision measuring device for isentropic efficiency of a blade machine in an embodiment of the present invention.

图2是图1的局部放大图。FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 1 .

图3是图1的A-A向视图。Fig. 3 is a view taken along line A-A in Fig. 1 .

图4是图1的B向视图。Fig. 4 is a view in direction B of Fig. 1 .

图5是图1的C向视图。Fig. 5 is a view of arrow C in Fig. 1 .

图6是图5的D向视图。Fig. 6 is a D-direction view of Fig. 5 .

附图中标记及相应零部件名称:1-温度传感器;2-迎风侧引压管;3-背风侧引压管;4-安装座;5-绝热密封胶;6-出气口;7-圆形通道;8-温度传感器线缆;9-探针支杆;10-进气口;11-背风侧安装孔。Marks and names of corresponding parts in the drawings: 1-temperature sensor; 2-windward side pressure pipe; 3-leeward side pressure pipe; 4-mounting base; 5-insulation sealant; 6-air outlet; 7-circle shaped channel; 8-temperature sensor cable; 9-probe support; 10-air inlet; 11-leeward side mounting hole.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述,以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解,从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, and the protection scope of the present invention can be more clearly defined.

实施例一:如图1~5所示为一种叶片机等熵效率高精度测量装置,由温度传感器(1)、迎风侧引压管(2)、背风侧引压管(3)、安装座(4)、绝热密封胶(5)、出气口(6)、圆形通道(7)、温度传感器线缆(8)、探针支杆(9)、进气口(10)、背风侧安装孔(11)组成,其特征在于:探针支杆(9)呈“丨”字型结构,探针支杆(9)的迎风侧开有进气口(10),迎风侧引压管(2)与温度传感器(1)通过安装座(4)平行安装于进气口(10)中,迎风侧引压管(2)与温度传感器线缆(8)通过圆形通道(7)引出探针支杆(9),进气口(10)左右分别开有出气口(6),出气口(6)从探针支杆(9)背风侧引出,探针支杆(9)背风侧开有背风侧安装孔(11),背风侧引压管(3)通过绝热密封胶(5)固定于背风侧安装孔(11)内,并由圆形通道(7)引出探针支杆(9)尾部。Embodiment 1: Figures 1 to 5 show a high-precision measurement device for isentropic efficiency of a blade machine, which consists of a temperature sensor (1), a windward side pressure pipe (2), a leeward side pressure pipe (3), and an installation Seat (4), insulating sealant (5), air outlet (6), circular channel (7), temperature sensor cable (8), probe rod (9), air inlet (10), leeward side It consists of a mounting hole (11), and is characterized in that: the probe support rod (9) has a "丨"-shaped structure, an air inlet (10) is opened on the windward side of the probe support rod (9), and a pressure pipe on the windward side (2) is installed parallel to the temperature sensor (1) in the air inlet (10) through the mounting base (4), and the windward side pressure pipe (2) and the temperature sensor cable (8) are led out through the circular channel (7) The probe support rod (9) has air outlets (6) on the left and right sides of the air inlet (10). The air outlet (6) is led from the leeward side of the probe support rod (9). There is a leeward side installation hole (11), the leeward side pressure pipe (3) is fixed in the leeward side installation hole (11) through the insulating sealant (5), and the probe support rod (7) is led out from the circular channel (7) 9)Tail.

探针支杆(9)长度为80毫米,直径为8~16毫米,探针支杆(9)迎风侧开有进气口(10),进气口(10)由收缩段与圆柱段组成,收缩段子午面型线60°圆弧线,圆柱段直径4毫米,长度为6毫米,其中心线距探针顶部6毫米,进气口(10)左右分别开有出气口(6),出气口(6)从探针支杆(9)背风侧引出,直径为0.8毫米。The probe support rod (9) has a length of 80 mm and a diameter of 8 to 16 mm. The probe support rod (9) has an air inlet (10) on the windward side. The air inlet (10) is composed of a contraction section and a cylindrical section. , the meridional profile of the contraction section is a 60° arc line, the diameter of the cylindrical section is 4 mm, the length is 6 mm, its center line is 6 mm from the top of the probe, and there are air outlets (6) on the left and right of the air inlet (10). The air outlet (6) is led from the leeward side of the probe support rod (9) and has a diameter of 0.8 mm.

温度传感器(1)与迎风侧引压管(2)通过绝热密封胶(5)固定于安装座(4)内,其中心线均与来流方向平行,温度传感器(1)头部距探针支杆(9)迎风侧4毫米,温度传感器线缆(8)通过圆形通道(7)引出探针支杆(9)尾部,迎风侧引压管(2)前端距进气口(10)前端2.5毫米,尾端通过圆形通道(7)引出探针支杆(9)尾部,迎风侧引压管(2)前端较温度传感器(1)前端长1.5毫米。The temperature sensor (1) and the windward pressure pipe (2) are fixed in the mounting base (4) through insulating sealant (5). Their center lines are parallel to the direction of flow. The head of the temperature sensor (1) is far away from the probe. The length of the support rod (9) is 4 mm on the windward side. The temperature sensor cable (8) is led out of the tail of the probe support rod (9) through the circular channel (7). The front end of the pressure pipe (2) on the windward side is away from the air inlet (10). The front end is 2.5 mm, and the rear end leads to the tail of the probe rod (9) through the circular channel (7). The front end of the windward side pressure tube (2) is 1.5 mm longer than the front end of the temperature sensor (1).

背风侧引压管(3)通过绝热密封胶(5)固定于背风侧安装孔(11)内,其中心线与迎风侧引压管(2)共线,背风侧引压管(3)头部距探针支杆(9)背风侧1~4毫米,尾部通过圆形通道(7)从探针支杆(9)尾部引出。The leeward side pressure pipe (3) is fixed in the leeward side installation hole (11) through the insulating sealant (5). Its center line is collinear with the windward side pressure pipe (2). The leeward side pressure pipe (3) head The part is 1 to 4 mm away from the leeward side of the probe pole (9), and the tail is led out from the tail of the probe pole (9) through the circular channel (7).

圆形通道(7)直径为4毫米,其中心线距探针支杆(9)中心线3毫米,其顶部与进气口(10)上端齐平,下端贯穿探针支杆(9)。The circular channel (7) has a diameter of 4 mm, its center line is 3 mm away from the center line of the probe support rod (9), its top is flush with the upper end of the air inlet (10), and its lower end runs through the probe support rod (9).

本发明使用过程为:The usage process of the present invention is:

使用前需要对本发明进行校准,首先对迎风侧与背风侧压力测点进行校准,在已知来流马赫数与温度的校准风洞中,使来流流过装置头部,测量不同工况下装置迎风侧与背风侧压力以及温度传感器的温度,根据校准获得的数据确定不同马赫数、不同偏转角下的迎风侧与背风侧总压以及总温的校准曲线。The invention needs to be calibrated before use. First, calibrate the pressure measuring points on the windward side and leeward side. In a calibrated wind tunnel with known incoming flow Mach number and temperature, make the incoming flow flow through the head of the device and measure the conditions under different working conditions. The pressure on the windward side and the leeward side of the device and the temperature of the temperature sensors are used to determine the calibration curves of the total pressure and total temperature on the windward and leeward sides at different Mach numbers and different deflection angles based on the data obtained from the calibration.

使用时,利用迎风侧压力测点确定气流方向,转动装置使得迎风侧引压管与温度传感器正对来流,然后采集迎风侧、背风侧压力测量值以及温度传感器测量值,通过校准曲线可以获得来流的总温Ts、总压Pt、静压PsWhen in use, use the windward side pressure measuring point to determine the direction of airflow. Rotate the device so that the windward side pressure pipe and the temperature sensor are facing the incoming flow. Then collect the windward side, leeward side pressure measurement values and the temperature sensor measurement values, and obtain them through the calibration curve. The total temperature T s of the incoming flow, the total pressure P t , and the static pressure P s .

再结合如下关系式:Then combined with the following relationship:

c2=γRTs c 2 =γRT s

P=ρRTP=ρRT

即可获得流场的马赫数、静温、速度、密度和熵。其中,PT和Ps是流场的总压和静压,TT和Ts是流场的总温和静温,下标1、2分别表示该参数来自于不同时刻,s是流场的熵,γ是流场的绝热指数,Ma是流场的马赫数,v是流场的速度,ρ是密度,c是流场的当地声速,R是气体常数。The Mach number, static temperature, velocity, density and entropy of the flow field can be obtained. Among them, P T and P s are the total pressure and static pressure of the flow field, T T and T s are the total temperature and static temperature of the flow field, the subscripts 1 and 2 respectively indicate that the parameters come from different times, and s is the Entropy, γ is the adiabatic index of the flow field, Ma is the Mach number of the flow field, v is the velocity of the flow field, ρ is the density, c is the local sound speed of the flow field, and R is the gas constant.

Claims (1)

1.一种叶片机等熵效率高精度测量装置,由温度传感器(1)、迎风侧引压管(2)、背风侧引压管(3)、安装座(4)、绝热密封胶(5)、出气口(6)、圆形通道(7)、温度传感器线缆(8)、探针支杆(9)、进气口(10)、背风侧安装孔(11)组成,其特征在于:探针支杆(9)呈“丨”字型结构,探针支杆(9)的迎风侧开有进气口(10),迎风侧引压管(2)与温度传感器(1)通过安装座(4)平行安装于进气口(10)中,迎风侧引压管(2)与温度传感器线缆(8)通过圆形通道(7)引出探针支杆(9),进气口(10)左右分别开有出气口(6),出气口(6)从探针支杆(9)背风侧引出,探针支杆(9)背风侧开有背风侧安装孔(11),背风侧引压管(3)通过绝热密封胶(5)固定于背风侧安装孔(11)内,并由圆形通道(7)引出探针支杆(9)尾部;1. A high-precision measuring device for the isentropic efficiency of a blade machine, consisting of a temperature sensor (1), a windward side pressure pipe (2), a leeward side pressure pipe (3), a mounting base (4), and an insulating sealant (5 ), an air outlet (6), a circular channel (7), a temperature sensor cable (8), a probe rod (9), an air inlet (10), and a leeward side mounting hole (11). It is characterized by: : The probe support rod (9) has a "丨"-shaped structure. There is an air inlet (10) on the windward side of the probe support rod (9), and the pressure tube (2) and the temperature sensor (1) on the windward side pass through The mounting base (4) is installed parallel to the air inlet (10). The windward side pressure pipe (2) and the temperature sensor cable (8) lead out the probe support rod (9) through the circular channel (7), and the air inlet There are air outlets (6) on the left and right sides of the mouth (10). The air outlet (6) is led from the leeward side of the probe support rod (9). The leeward side of the probe support rod (9) has a leeward side installation hole (11). The leeward side pressure pipe (3) is fixed in the leeward side installation hole (11) through the insulating sealant (5), and leads out from the circular channel (7) to the tail of the probe rod (9); 探针支杆(9)长度为10~110毫米,直径为8~16毫米,探针支杆(9)迎风侧开有进气口(10),进气口(10)由收缩段与圆柱段组成,收缩段子午面型线为双纽线或30~60°圆弧线,圆柱段直径2~6毫米,长度为4~10毫米,其中心线距探针顶部5~15毫米,进气口(10)左右分别开有出气口(6),出气口(6)从探针支杆(9)背风侧引出,直径为0.1~2毫米;The probe support rod (9) has a length of 10 to 110 mm and a diameter of 8 to 16 mm. The probe support rod (9) has an air inlet (10) on the windward side. The air inlet (10) consists of a shrinking section and a cylinder. It is composed of segments. The meridian line of the contraction segment is a lemniscate or a 30-60° arc line. The diameter of the cylindrical segment is 2-6 mm and the length is 4-10 mm. Its center line is 5-15 mm away from the top of the probe. There are air outlets (6) on the left and right sides of the air port (10). The air outlet (6) is led from the leeward side of the probe support rod (9) and has a diameter of 0.1 to 2 mm; 温度传感器(1)与迎风侧引压管(2)通过绝热密封胶(5)固定于安装座(4)内,其中心线均与来流方向平行,温度传感器(1)头部距探针支杆(9)迎风侧2~6毫米,温度传感器线缆(8)通过圆形通道(7)引出探针支杆(9)尾部,迎风侧引压管(2)前端距进气口(10)前端1~4毫米,尾端通过圆形通道(7)引出探针支杆(9)尾部,迎风侧引压管(2)前端较温度传感器(1)前端长1~3毫米;The temperature sensor (1) and the windward pressure pipe (2) are fixed in the mounting base (4) through insulating sealant (5). Their center lines are parallel to the direction of flow. The head of the temperature sensor (1) is far away from the probe. The windward side of the support rod (9) is 2 to 6 mm. The temperature sensor cable (8) leads out of the tail of the probe support rod (9) through the circular channel (7). 10) The front end is 1 to 4 mm, and the rear end leads to the tail of the probe rod (9) through the circular channel (7). The front end of the windward side pressure tube (2) is 1 to 3 mm longer than the front end of the temperature sensor (1); 背风侧引压管(3)通过绝热密封胶(5)固定于背风侧安装孔(11)内,其中心线与迎风侧引压管(2)共线,背风侧引压管(3)头部距探针支杆(9)背风侧1~4毫米,尾部通过圆形通道(7)从探针支杆(9)尾部引出;The leeward side pressure pipe (3) is fixed in the leeward side installation hole (11) through the insulating sealant (5). Its center line is collinear with the windward side pressure pipe (2). The leeward side pressure pipe (3) head The part is 1 to 4 mm away from the leeward side of the probe pole (9), and the tail is led out from the tail of the probe pole (9) through the circular channel (7); 圆形通道(7)直径为2~6毫米,其中心线距探针支杆(9)中心线0.5~5毫米,其顶部与进气口(10)上端齐平,下端贯穿探针支杆(9)。The circular channel (7) has a diameter of 2 to 6 mm, its center line is 0.5 to 5 mm away from the center line of the probe support rod (9), its top is flush with the upper end of the air inlet (10), and its lower end runs through the probe support rod. (9).
CN202310806857.1A 2023-07-04 2023-07-04 Isentropic efficiency high-precision measuring device for blade machine Pending CN117030269A (en)

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