CN117030269A - Isentropic efficiency high-precision measuring device for blade machine - Google Patents

Isentropic efficiency high-precision measuring device for blade machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117030269A
CN117030269A CN202310806857.1A CN202310806857A CN117030269A CN 117030269 A CN117030269 A CN 117030269A CN 202310806857 A CN202310806857 A CN 202310806857A CN 117030269 A CN117030269 A CN 117030269A
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China
Prior art keywords
probe
air inlet
temperature sensor
support rod
leeward side
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CN202310806857.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
马宏伟
李彦仪
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Beihang University
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Beihang University
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Priority to CN202310806857.1A priority Critical patent/CN117030269A/en
Publication of CN117030269A publication Critical patent/CN117030269A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01K13/02—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow
    • G01K13/024—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow of moving gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of blade machine testing, and particularly relates to a high-precision isentropic efficiency measuring device of a blade machine, which comprises the following components: temperature sensor, windward side guide pressure pipe, leeward side guide pressure pipe, mount pad, adiabatic sealant, gas outlet, circular channel, temperature sensor cable, probe branch, air inlet, leeward side mounting hole, its characterized in that: the probe support rod is of an I-shaped structure, an air inlet is formed in the windward side of the probe support rod, a pressure guiding pipe on the windward side and a temperature sensor are arranged in the air inlet in parallel through a mounting seat, air outlets are formed in the left and right sides of the air inlet respectively, the air outlets are led out from the leeward side of the probe support rod, a leeward side mounting hole is formed in the leeward side of the probe support rod, and the pressure guiding pipe on the leeward side is fixed in the leeward side mounting hole through heat insulation sealing glue. The invention can realize high-precision measurement of isentropic efficiency of the blade machines such as fans, compressors, turbines and the like on the premise of furthest weakening the interference to the measured flow field.

Description

Isentropic efficiency high-precision measuring device for blade machine
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blade machine testing, and particularly relates to a high-precision measuring device for isentropic efficiency of a blade machine, which can realize the high-precision measurement of isentropic efficiency of the blade machine such as a fan, a gas compressor, a turbine and the like on the premise of furthest weakening the interference to a measured flow field.
Background
Vane machines are widely used in the aeronautical and other industrial fields as energy converting machines. Axial flow vane machines are almost universally employed on modern aircraft engines: fan, compressor, turbine. Therefore, the efficiency of the vane machine directly determines the performance of the aero-engine. The efficiency of a blade engine is an indirect measure, and isentropic efficiency is one of the most common methods used to calculate its efficiency. The isentropic efficiency of the blade machine is calculated as follows:
isentropic efficiency of fan/compressor:
turbine isentropic efficiency:
wherein: η (eta) c Isentropic efficiency of fan/compressor
T t1 -total temperature of compressor inlet, K
T t2 -total temperature of compressor outlet, K
π c -total pressure ratio of compressor
k-specific heat ratio
η Torbo Turbine isentropic efficiency
T t3 Turbine inlet total temperature, K
T t4 Turbine outlet total temperature, K
P t3 Total pressure at turbine inlet, pa
P s4 Turbine outlet static pressure, pa
From the above formula, to measure isentropic efficiency of the blade machine, it is necessary to measure total inlet temperature, total outlet pressure, total outlet temperature, total outlet pressure, and static pressure of the blade machine. When the existing measuring device is used for measuring inlet and outlet parameters of a blade machine, the pressure and the temperature are measured by using an independent pressure measuring device and an independent temperature measuring device respectively, and the defects are that:
1. the pressure and temperature cannot be measured simultaneously and the measured parameters are not from the same flow line, and the flow in the blade machine has strong spatial non-uniformity, which can cause additional errors in the final measurement.
2. When the probes extend into the flow field of the blade machine to carry out measurement, the probes inevitably generate interference on the measured flow field, but in the prior art, because the probes are measured by adopting an independent pressure measuring device and an independent temperature measuring device, the used probes are excessive in number, larger interference can be caused on the measured flow field, finally, the measurement error is increased, and meanwhile, the flow field is blocked.
Meanwhile, the existing temperature and pressure combined probe structure is generally designed by combining a single-hole pressure probe with a temperature measuring point and combining a multi-hole pressure probe with the temperature measuring point, and has the following defects: 1. the design of combining the porous pressure probe and the temperature measuring point needs to occupy a larger space on the surface of the probe, so that the space resolution of flow field measurement is poorer, and larger measurement error is caused; 2. the design of combining the single-hole pressure probe and the temperature measuring point improves the spatial resolution of flow field measurement, but the single-hole pressure measuring point needs to rotate the probe to correct the pressure measuring value in order to ensure the accuracy of pressure measurement, but the temperature and the pressure measuring point cannot be ensured to be on the same streamline, and the error is generated; 3. in order to ensure the measurement accuracy, the temperature measuring point is generally designed by adopting a stagnation cover or a shielding cover, so that the head size of the probe is greatly increased, and the flow field between two poles of a narrow blade machine cannot be measured.
Therefore, the existing measuring device cannot meet the requirement of high-precision measurement of isentropic efficiency of the blade machine, and the isentropic efficiency high-precision measuring device of the blade machine is needed to realize high-precision measurement of isentropic efficiency of the blade machine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a high-precision isentropic efficiency measuring device for a blade machine, which is characterized in that a probe is designed in an I shape, and the measuring device is different from the prior independent pressure measuring device and temperature measuring device. The device abandons the design thought of the traditional total temperature measuring device, creatively proposes to combine and install the pressure measuring point and the temperature measuring point on the windward side based on the years of researches of the applicant, strengthens the convective heat exchange between the air flow and the temperature sensor, improves the total temperature recovery coefficient, reduces the problem of larger radiation error of the temperature measurement during the high-temperature measurement, and does not need to consider the problem of insensitive angle of the air flow of the total temperature measurement; meanwhile, the other pressure measuring point is arranged on the leeward side to correct the windward pressure measuring point, so that the total temperature and the spatial resolution of the total pressure measurement are ensured, and the error of the total pressure measurement is effectively reduced.
The invention provides a high-precision isentropic efficiency measuring device of a blade machine, which aims to solve the technical problems that: firstly, the problem that the existing measuring device cannot measure parameters such as total temperature, total pressure, static temperature, static pressure, mach number, speed, density, entropy and the like of a flow field at the same time with high precision is solved; secondly, the problems of large radiation error, low total temperature recovery coefficient and small insensitive angle of the existing temperature measuring device are solved; third, solve the problem that the existing temperature measuring device can't carry on the speed error correction to different Mach number working conditions independently. Fourth, solve the existing pressure, temperature and make the measuring device low in spatial resolution and low in measuring accuracy problem.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
1. the utility model provides a high accuracy measuring device of leaf machine isentropic efficiency, by temperature sensor (1), windward side draw and press pipe (2), leeward side draw and press pipe (3), mount pad (4), adiabatic sealant (5), gas outlet (6), circular passageway (7), temperature sensor cable (8), probe branch (9), air inlet (10), leeward side mounting hole (11) are constituteed, its characterized in that: the probe support rod (9) is of an I-shaped structure, an air inlet (10) is formed in the windward side of the probe support rod (9), a windward side pressure guiding pipe (2) and a temperature sensor (1) are installed in the air inlet (10) in parallel through an installation seat (4), the windward side pressure guiding pipe (2) and the temperature sensor cable (8) are led out of the probe support rod (9) through a circular channel (7), an air outlet (6) is formed in the left side and the right side of the air inlet (10), the air outlet (6) is led out of the leeward side of the probe support rod (9), a leeward side installation hole (11) is formed in the leeward side of the probe support rod (9), and the leeward side pressure guiding pipe (3) is fixed in the leeward side installation hole (11) through heat insulation sealant (5) and is led out of the tail of the probe support rod (9) through the circular channel (7).
2. Further, the length of the probe supporting rod (9) is 10-110 mm, the diameter is 8-16 mm, the windward side of the probe supporting rod (9) is provided with an air inlet (10), the air inlet (10) is composed of a contraction section and a cylindrical section, the meridian plane line of the contraction section is a lemniscate line or a 30-60-degree circular arc line, the diameter of the cylindrical section is 2-6 mm, the length is 4-10 mm, the center line of the cylindrical section is 5-15 mm away from the top of the probe, the air inlet (10) is provided with an air outlet (6) about, the air outlet (6) is led out from the leeward side of the probe supporting rod (9), and the diameter is 0.1-2 mm.
3. Further, the temperature sensor (1) and the windward side pressure guiding pipe (2) are fixed in the mounting seat (4) through the heat insulation sealant (5), the central line of the temperature sensor (1) is parallel to the incoming flow direction, the head of the temperature sensor is 2-6 mm away from the windward side of the probe supporting rod (9), the tail of the probe supporting rod (9) is led out through the circular channel (7) by the temperature sensor cable (8), the front end of the windward side pressure guiding pipe (2) is 1-4 mm away from the front end of the air inlet (10), the tail of the probe supporting rod (9) is led out through the circular channel (7), and the front end of the windward side pressure guiding pipe (2) is 1-3 mm longer than the front end of the temperature sensor (1).
4. Further, the leeward pressure guiding pipe (3) is fixed in the leeward mounting hole (11) through the heat insulation sealant (5), the center line of the heat insulation sealant is collinear with the windward pressure guiding pipe (2), the head of the leeward pressure guiding pipe (3) is 1-4 mm away from the leeward side of the probe support rod (9), and the tail of the heat insulation sealant is led out from the tail of the probe support rod (9) through the circular channel (7).
5. Further, the diameter of the circular channel (7) is 2-6 mm, the center line of the circular channel is 0.5-5 mm away from the center line of the probe support rod (9), the top of the circular channel is flush with the upper end of the air inlet (10), and the lower end of the circular channel penetrates through the probe support rod (9).
The isentropic efficiency high-precision measuring device of the blade machine has the following beneficial effects:
the beneficial effects are as follows: the invention can realize the measurement of the total temperature, total pressure, static temperature, static pressure, mach number, speed, density and entropy of the flow field of the blade machine by a single device, has compact structure and small size, effectively reduces the interference to the measured flow field and improves the test precision.
The beneficial effects are as follows: the invention can obtain the incoming flow direction by utilizing the windward side pressure measuring point, and then the probe supporting rod is rotated to enable the windward side inlet to face the incoming flow direction, so that the invention can carry out high-precision measurement of the total temperature on all incoming flow angles, and the problem of small insensitive angle of the traditional temperature probe is avoided.
The beneficial effects are as follows: the temperature sensor and the windward side pressure guiding pipe are both positioned in the same air inlet, so that the measured value of the total temperature and the total pressure is on the same streamline, and meanwhile, the windward side pressure guiding pipe and the leeward side pressure guiding pipe are positioned on the same horizontal line, so that the total pressure measured on the windward side and the leeward side is also on the same streamline, and the measurement accuracy is greatly improved.
The beneficial effects are four: the air flow disturbance in the air inlet is enhanced by the windward pressure guiding pipe, the heat exchange between the air flow and the temperature sensor is enhanced, the total temperature recovery coefficient of the temperature sensor is high and stable, meanwhile, the front end of the windward pressure guiding pipe is longer than the front end of the temperature sensor, the total pressure loss of the air flow reaching the windward pressure guiding pipe is reduced, and the total pressure measurement precision is improved.
The beneficial effects are five: according to the invention, the temperature sensor is arranged in the probe, so that the shielding effect is good, and the radiation error caused by heat radiation is greatly reduced when the high-temperature airflow is measured.
The beneficial effects are six: the probe is I-shaped, has small size and is suitable for measuring the flow field between two poles of a narrow blade machine.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-precision isentropic efficiency measuring device for a blade machine in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is A-A view of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a B-direction view of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a view in the direction C of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a D-direction view of fig. 5.
In the drawings, the reference numerals and corresponding part names: 1-a temperature sensor; 2-a windward side pressure guiding pipe; 3-a leeward side pressure guiding pipe; 4-mounting seats; 5-heat-insulating sealant; 6-an air outlet; 7-circular channels; 8-a temperature sensor cable; 9-probe struts; 10-air inlet; 11-lee side mounting holes.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making clear and defining the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one: as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the isentropic efficiency high precision measuring device of the blade machine is composed of a temperature sensor (1), a windward side pressure guiding pipe (2), a leeward side pressure guiding pipe (3), a mounting seat (4), heat insulation sealant (5), an air outlet (6), a circular channel (7), a temperature sensor cable (8), a probe supporting rod (9), an air inlet (10) and leeward side mounting holes (11), and is characterized in that: the probe support rod (9) is of an I-shaped structure, an air inlet (10) is formed in the windward side of the probe support rod (9), a windward side pressure guiding pipe (2) and a temperature sensor (1) are installed in the air inlet (10) in parallel through an installation seat (4), the windward side pressure guiding pipe (2) and the temperature sensor cable (8) are led out of the probe support rod (9) through a circular channel (7), an air outlet (6) is formed in the left side and the right side of the air inlet (10), the air outlet (6) is led out of the leeward side of the probe support rod (9), a leeward side installation hole (11) is formed in the leeward side of the probe support rod (9), and the leeward side pressure guiding pipe (3) is fixed in the leeward side installation hole (11) through heat insulation sealant (5) and is led out of the tail of the probe support rod (9) through the circular channel (7).
The length of the probe supporting rod (9) is 80 mm, the diameter is 8-16 mm, the windward side of the probe supporting rod (9) is provided with an air inlet (10), the air inlet (10) is composed of a contraction section and a cylindrical section, the meridian plane profile of the contraction section is a 60-degree circular arc line, the diameter of the cylindrical section is 4 mm, the length is 6 mm, the center line of the cylindrical section is 6 mm from the top of the probe, the left and right sides of the air inlet (10) are respectively provided with an air outlet (6), the air outlet (6) is led out from the leeward side of the probe supporting rod (9), and the diameter is 0.8 mm.
The temperature sensor (1) and the windward side pressure guiding pipe (2) are fixed in the mounting seat (4) through the heat insulation sealant (5), the central line of the temperature sensor (1) is parallel to the incoming flow direction, the head of the temperature sensor is 4 mm away from the windward side of the probe supporting rod (9), the tail of the probe supporting rod (9) is led out through the circular channel (7) by the temperature sensor cable (8), the front end of the windward side pressure guiding pipe (2) is 2.5 mm away from the front end of the air inlet (10), the tail of the probe supporting rod (9) is led out through the circular channel (7), and the front end of the windward side pressure guiding pipe (2) is 1.5 mm longer than the front end of the temperature sensor (1).
The leeward pressure guiding pipe (3) is fixed in the leeward mounting hole (11) through the heat insulation sealant (5), the center line of the heat insulation sealant is collinear with the windward pressure guiding pipe (2), the head of the leeward pressure guiding pipe (3) is 1-4 mm away from the leeward side of the probe support rod (9), and the tail of the heat insulation sealant is led out from the tail of the probe support rod (9) through the circular channel (7).
The diameter of the circular channel (7) is 4 mm, the center line of the circular channel is 3 mm away from the center line of the probe support rod (9), the top of the circular channel is flush with the upper end of the air inlet (10), and the lower end of the circular channel penetrates through the probe support rod (9).
The application process of the invention is as follows:
before use, the calibration is needed, firstly, the measurement points of the windward side pressure and the leeward side pressure are calibrated, in a calibration wind tunnel with known Mach numbers and temperatures of incoming flows, the incoming flows are enabled to flow through the head of the device, the temperatures of the windward side pressure, the leeward side pressure and the temperature sensor of the device under different working conditions are measured, and the calibration curves of the total pressures and the total temperatures of the windward side pressure and the leeward side under different Mach numbers and different deflection angles are determined according to data obtained by the calibration.
When the device is used, the air flow direction is determined by utilizing the windward side pressure measuring point, the windward side pressure guiding pipe and the temperature sensor are opposite to each other by the rotating device, then the windward side pressure measuring value, the leeward side pressure measuring value and the temperature sensor measuring value are collected, and the total temperature T of the incoming flow can be obtained through a calibration curve s Total pressure P t Static pressure P s 。
And then the following relation is combined:
c 2 ＝γRT s
P＝ρRT
the Mach number, static temperature, speed, density and entropy of the flow field can be obtained. Wherein P is T And P s Is the total pressure and static pressure of the flow field, T T And T s Is the total temperature and static temperature of the flow field, subscripts 1 and 2 respectively indicate that the parameters come from different moments, s is the entropy of the flow field, gamma is the adiabatic index of the flow field, ma is the Mach number of the flow field, v is the speed of the flow field, ρ is the density, c is the local sound velocity of the flow field, and R is the gas constant.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a high accuracy measuring device of leaf machine isentropic efficiency, by temperature sensor (1), windward side draw and press pipe (2), leeward side draw and press pipe (3), mount pad (4), adiabatic sealant (5), gas outlet (6), circular passageway (7), temperature sensor cable (8), probe branch (9), air inlet (10), leeward side mounting hole (11) are constituteed, its characterized in that: the probe support rod (9) is of an I-shaped structure, an air inlet (10) is formed in the windward side of the probe support rod (9), a windward side pressure guiding pipe (2) and a temperature sensor (1) are arranged in the air inlet (10) in parallel through a mounting seat (4), the windward side pressure guiding pipe (2) and a temperature sensor cable (8) are led out of the probe support rod (9) through a circular channel (7), an air outlet (6) is formed in the left side and the right side of the air inlet (10) respectively, the air outlet (6) is led out of the leeward side of the probe support rod (9), a leeward side mounting hole (11) is formed in the leeward side of the probe support rod (9), and the leeward side pressure guiding pipe (3) is fixed in the leeward side mounting hole (11) through a heat insulation sealant (5) and is led out of the tail of the probe support rod (9) through the circular channel (7);
the length of the probe supporting rod (9) is 10-110 mm, the diameter is 8-16 mm, the windward side of the probe supporting rod (9) is provided with an air inlet (10), the air inlet (10) consists of a contraction section and a cylindrical section, the meridian surface profile of the contraction section is a lemniscate or a 30-60-degree circular arc line, the diameter of the cylindrical section is 2-6 mm, the length is 4-10 mm, the central line of the cylindrical section is 5-15 mm away from the top of the probe, the air inlet (10) is provided with an air outlet (6) about, the air outlet (6) is led out from the leeward side of the probe supporting rod (9), and the diameter is 0.1-2 mm;
the temperature sensor (1) and the windward side pressure guiding pipe (2) are fixed in the mounting seat (4) through the heat insulation sealant (5), the central line of the heat insulation sealant is parallel to the incoming flow direction, the head of the temperature sensor (1) is 2-6 mm away from the windward side of the probe supporting rod (9), the tail of the probe supporting rod (9) is led out through the circular channel (7) by the temperature sensor cable (8), the front end of the windward side pressure guiding pipe (2) is 1-4 mm away from the front end of the air inlet (10), the tail of the probe supporting rod (9) is led out through the circular channel (7), and the front end of the windward side pressure guiding pipe (2) is 1-3 mm longer than the front end of the temperature sensor (1);
the leeward pressure guiding pipe (3) is fixed in the leeward mounting hole (11) through the heat insulation sealant (5), the center line of the heat insulation sealant is collinear with the windward pressure guiding pipe (2), the head of the leeward pressure guiding pipe (3) is 1-4 mm away from the leeward side of the probe supporting rod (9), and the tail of the heat insulation sealant is led out from the tail of the probe supporting rod (9) through the circular channel (7);
the diameter of the circular channel (7) is 2-6 mm, the center line of the circular channel is 0.5-5 mm away from the center line of the probe support rod (9), the top of the circular channel is flush with the upper end of the air inlet (10), and the lower end of the circular channel penetrates through the probe support rod (9).
CN202310806857.1A 2023-07-04 2023-07-04 Isentropic efficiency high-precision measuring device for blade machine Pending CN117030269A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310806857.1A CN117030269A (en) 2023-07-04 2023-07-04 Isentropic efficiency high-precision measuring device for blade machine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310806857.1A CN117030269A (en) 2023-07-04 2023-07-04 Isentropic efficiency high-precision measuring device for blade machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117030269A true CN117030269A (en) 2023-11-10

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ID=88625222

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310806857.1A Pending CN117030269A (en) 2023-07-04 2023-07-04 Isentropic efficiency high-precision measuring device for blade machine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117030269A (en)

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