CN117026652A - Fabric dyeing method - Google Patents
Fabric dyeing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117026652A CN117026652A CN202310596767.4A CN202310596767A CN117026652A CN 117026652 A CN117026652 A CN 117026652A CN 202310596767 A CN202310596767 A CN 202310596767A CN 117026652 A CN117026652 A CN 117026652A
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000985 reactive dye Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 16
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 12
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- HOPSCVCBEOCPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carboxymethyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O HOPSCVCBEOCPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960003403 betaine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009435 amidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N (R)-carnitine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C[C@H](O)CC([O-])=O PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000656 azaniumyl group Chemical group [H][N+]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000370 acceptor Substances 0.000 description 29
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000703 high-speed centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006142 Luria-Bertani Agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000986 disperse dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001518 levocarnitine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N prednisone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C(=O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004045 reactive dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000984 vat dye Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/38—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using reactive dyes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
- D06P1/642—Compounds containing nitrogen
- D06P1/649—Compounds containing carbonamide, thiocarbonamide or guanyl groups
- D06P1/6491—(Thio)urea or (cyclic) derivatives
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
- D06P1/651—Compounds without nitrogen
- D06P1/65106—Oxygen-containing compounds
- D06P1/65131—Compounds containing ether or acetal groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/653—Nitrogen-free carboxylic acids or their salts
- D06P1/6533—Aliphatic, araliphatic or cycloaliphatic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/655—Compounds containing ammonium groups
- D06P1/66—Compounds containing ammonium groups containing quaternary ammonium groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/10—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups using reactive dyes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a fabric dyeing method, and belongs to the technical field of reactive dye dyeing of textiles. And (3) fully soaking the fabric to be treated containing ammonium groups in the solvent A, carrying out anhydrous modification pretreatment by microwave heating to obtain a pretreated fabric, immersing the pretreated fabric in a dye liquor for dyeing to obtain a dyed fabric, wherein the solvent A and the solvent B are both composed of a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor. The dyeing method is used for dyeing cotton, hemp, wool and silk fabrics, and has the advantages of high dye-uptake, high color accuracy, high color fastness and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a fabric dyeing method, and belongs to the technical field of reactive dye dyeing of textiles.
Background
Dyes commonly used for dyeing fibers or fabrics are reactive dyes, vat dyes, disperse dyes, etc., with reactive dyes being the most widely used. Reactive dyes are widely used in silk fabric dyeing in industrial processes because of their relatively easy application, low cost, wide color gamut and high wet fastness. However, because the reactive dye has decomposition ionization phenomenon in water, the dye utilization rate is only 60-65%, and a large amount of electrolyte is added in the reactive dyeing process to solve the repulsive charge caused by decomposition ionization between the fiber and the reactive dye in order to increase the dye uptake. However, the added electrolyte is neither consumed nor decomposed, a large amount of waste water containing electrolyte is generated in the dyeing process due to the existence of the electrolyte in the dye solution, and the waste water with the residual dye and electrolyte not only causes serious environmental problems in organisms, but also cannot be directly recycled, which is also the reason that serious water resource waste exists in the dyeing process.
Aiming at the problems of the dyeing process, most enterprises put the gravity center on how to realize the purification of the wastewater or solve the environmental problems of water resource waste and direct discharge of the wastewater by converting the wastewater into other purposes, and the problems of wastewater pollution and production cost increase which are urgent to be solved in the field are solved by realizing the improvement of the utilization rate of the dye, but have not yet been reported.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides a method for dyeing fabrics, which implements a modified pretreatment of fabrics by means of pretreatment, and thereby improves dye affinity and adsorption of dye molecules by fibers, achieving an improvement in dyeing rate.
Specifically, the application is realized by the following scheme:
a method of dyeing a fabric comprising the steps of:
(1) Soaking the fabric to be treated containing ammonium groups in a solvent A, stirring to make the fabric fully contact with the solvent A, then carrying out anhydrous modification pretreatment by microwave heating, and separating to obtain a pretreated fabric after the reaction is finished; the solvent A consists of a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor, wherein the hydrogen bond donor is any one of lactic acid, urea, citric acid and fructose, the hydrogen bond acceptor contains carboxyl reacted with ammonium amidation, and the mass ratio of the hydrogen bond donor to the hydrogen bond donor is 3-4:1;
(2) The pretreated fabric is immersed in a solvent B in which a reactive dye is dispersed for dyeing. After dyeing is completed, separating to obtain the dyed fabric. The reactive dye and the solvent B form a dyeing solution for dyeing, the solvent B comprises a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor, the hydrogen bond donor is any one of lactic acid, urea, citric acid and fructose, the hydrogen bond acceptor contains carboxyl reacted with ammonium amidation, and the mass ratio of the hydrogen bond donor to the hydrogen bond acceptor is 3-4:1.
In the scheme, the solvent A and the solvent B are composed of hydrogen bond acceptors and hydrogen bond donors according to a certain molar ratio, and have the advantages of green, biodegradability, high solubility, low cost, recoverability and the like. The solvent A is added in the pretreatment stage and is matched with microwave heating, and the carboxyl in the hydrogen bond acceptor of the solvent A and the ammonium group in cellulose are amidated to introduce a quaternary ammonium group. The amidation reaction of carboxyl in the solvent A hydrogen bond acceptor and ammonium in cellulose is promoted and accelerated by microwave heat treatment, so that the purpose of improving the dye uptake is achieved, and the method has the characteristics of short heating time, high efficiency, uniform heating, rapid reaction and the like and is utilized. The quaternary ammonium salt produced in the above process also has excellent antibacterial properties because the positively charged quaternary ammonium group can adsorb bacteria with negative charges, so that bacterial cell membranes become thin and break, cell structures are destroyed and cell internal substances leak out to cause cell inactivation to achieve antibacterial effects.
Further, as preferable:
in the step (1), the mass ratio of the fabric to be treated to the solvent A is 1:4-10, and the soaking time is 4-6 h. The quality ratio of the fabric to be treated to the solvent A is too low, which may lead to incomplete modification, and too high quality ratio leads to increased modification temperature and time, resulting in increased cost. Through the research of the applicant, the modification is ideal when the ratio of the mass of the fabric to be treated to the mass of the solvent A is 1:4-10, and particularly, the compatibility of the modification effect and the modification cost is good when the mass ratio of the fabric to be treated to the solvent A is 1:5.
In the step (1), the microwave heating time is 5-25s, and the temperature is 100-200 ℃. More preferably, the microwave heating temperature is 100 to 120 ℃. The amidation reaction temperature between the ammonium group and the carboxyl group is required to be over 80 ℃, and in the reaction atmosphere provided by the scheme, a reaction temperature range of 100-200 ℃ is ideal. The microwave may be an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength of 122 mm. The amidation reaction is affected by the heating time, and the reaction of carboxyl groups in the solvent A and ammonium groups in the fabric is not promoted due to the too short heating time, and betaine decomposition is caused due to the too high heating time. The irradiation time of 5-25s is most suitable in consideration of comprehensive factors.
In the step (1), after the pretreatment is finished, the pretreated fabric is obtained in a centrifugal mode, meanwhile, the solvent A is recovered, and the centrifugal speed is 2000-3000 rpm.
The hydrogen bond acceptor in the solvent A has better use effect when the solvent A has two functional groups, namely carboxyl and quaternary ammonium groups.
As a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen bond acceptor of solvent A is betaine (CAS: 590-47-6, formula C) 5 H 11 NO 2 ·H 2 O, molecular weight 135.16), betaine hydrochloride (CAS: 590-46-5, molecular formula: c (C) 5 H 12 ClNO 2 Molecular weight 153.61). And the modification effect is ideal when the hydrogen bond donor is lactic acid and the hydrogen bond acceptor is betaine.
In the step (2), the dyeing bath ratio is 1:100-300, and the dyeing temperature is 50-80 ℃. The dye bath ratio is related to the dye uptake and fixation of the dye, which generally increase over a range as the bath ratio decreases. Under the dyeing environment provided by the scheme, the more suitable dyeing bath ratio is 1:100-300, and the optimal dyeing bath ratio is 1:100. The adsorption and dyeing performances of the dye are closely related to the temperature, and the diffusion rate of the dye is faster along with the temperature, so that the fiber and the dye are facilitated to react. However, too high a temperature can lead to hydrolysis of the dye, which reduces the fixation. And the temperature increase can cause the continuous reaction of hydrogen bond acceptors and ammonium groups in the dyeing stage, and under the dyeing environment provided by the scheme, the more suitable dyeing temperature is 50-80 ℃ and is optimal at 60 ℃. The reactive dye can be 3BF red or the like.
In the step (2), after dyeing, obtaining dyed fabric in a centrifugal mode, and recovering the solvent B at the same time, wherein the centrifugal speed is 2500-3000 r/min.
As a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen bond acceptor of the solvent B is any one of betaine, betaine hydrochloride, choline chloride, and l-carnitine. And the effect of promoting the improvement of the dye uptake is ideal when the hydrogen bond donor is lactic acid and the hydrogen bond acceptor is choline chloride.
The fabric is any one of cotton fabric, hemp fabric, wool fabric and silk fabric or the fabric blended by two or more fibers of cotton, hemp, wool and silk
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
(1) In the pretreatment stage, a reactive eutectic solvent A is used as a solvent and a reactant (namely the fabric to be treated) and the fabric to be treated is modified through microwave heating, the quaternary ammonium group is introduced into the amidation reaction to increase the positive charge on the surface of the fiber, so that the affinity of the fiber to dye molecules is improved, the dye uptake is improved, and the introduced quaternary ammonium group can be combined with bacteria and inactivate the bacteria, so that the antibacterial effect of the fabric is improved.
(2) In the dyeing stage, the eutectic solvent B is used as a dispersing agent of the dye to dye the fabric, and the solvent B has strong hydrogen bonding capability, so that the dye can be well dispersed on one hand, and the dye can be conveniently diffused to the fabric on the other hand, thereby being beneficial to further improving the dye uptake.
After the treatment of the scheme, the dyed fabric is dried and shaped, and finally the dyed finished product is obtained. Compared with the traditional dyeing method, the dyeing rate is 60-65%, the dyeing rate can reach more than 95%, the dyeing process is an anhydrous process, the dyeing color fastness of the fabric reaches more than 4 levels, and the dyeing color fastness exceeds the national wearing use standard; the color accuracy of the fabric can reach more than 80 percent, and meets the color consistency standard.
Detailed Description
The application will be further illustrated by the following specific examples for better illustrating the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the application.
In the following examples, explanation of the scheme is made with silk fabric as the raw material fabric.
Example 1
The influence of the addition of the solvent A on the dye uptake in pretreatment is examined in the embodiment, and the specific process is as follows:
(1) And respectively soaking the raw material fabric 1 and the raw material fabric 2 in the solvent A and water, stirring to make the raw material fabric and the solvent (water) fully contact, wherein the mass ratio of the fabric to the solvent (water) is 1:5, and the soaking time is 5h. Then carrying out anhydrous modification pretreatment by heating with microwaves, wherein the microwaves are electromagnetic waves with the wavelength of 122mm, and the temperature is 120 ℃. After the modification treatment for 15s, it was subjected to high-speed centrifugation at 2000rpm to obtain pretreated fabric 1 and pretreated fabric 2, while recovering solvent a. Wherein the hydrogen bond donor of the solvent A is lactic acid, the hydrogen bond acceptor is betaine, and the mass ratio of the hydrogen bond donor to the hydrogen bond acceptor is 4:1.
(2) The pretreated fabric 1 and the pretreated fabric 2 are immersed into a solvent B for dyeing, the dyeing bath ratio is 1:100, the dyeing temperature is 60 ℃,3BF red reactive dye is dispersed in the solvent B, and the concentration of the 3BF red reactive dye is 1owf percent. After dyeing for 80min, it was separated by high-speed centrifugation at 2500rpm to give dyed fabric 1 and dyed fabric 2, while recovering solvent B. Wherein the hydrogen bond donor of the solvent B is lactic acid, the hydrogen bond acceptor is choline chloride, and the mass ratio of the hydrogen bond donor to the hydrogen bond acceptor is 4:1.
(3) And (3) drying and shaping the dyed fabric 1 and the dyed fabric 2 (conventional drying and shaping parameters can be adopted, such as drying temperature 80 ℃ and drying time 30min, shaping temperature 125 ℃ and shaping time 30 min), so as to finally obtain a dyed finished product 1 and a dyed finished product 2.
The dyeing effect of the dyed finished product 1 and the dyed finished product 2 is detected, and the detection standard is as follows:
the dye uptake calculation mode is as follows:
wherein A is 0 For the absorbance of the staining stock solution, A 1 For absorbance of the residual liquid after staining, each group of samples was repeatedly measured three times to average.
The color fastness test criteria were: GB/T3921-2008, GB/T5711-1997, GB/T3920-2008, GB/T3922-2013, GB/T5713-2013.
The color accuracy test criteria were: the color accuracy is determined to be consistent in color at 80% or more.
The dyeing rate of the dyeing finished product 1 is 97.13%, the color fastness grade is more than 4 grade, especially the dry and wet rubbing color fastness can reach 5 grade, the soaping color fastness is 4-5 grade, the color accuracy is 90.88%, and the color difference delta E is 0.8+/-0.2. The dye-uptake of the dyed finished product 2 is 78.86%, and the color accuracy is 81.57%; compared with the technology without pretreatment, the dye-uptake and the color accuracy of the dyed finished product 1 obtained by pretreatment with the solvent A are obviously improved.
Example 1-1
This embodiment is identical to the arrangement of embodiment 1, except that: the raw fabric was immersed in the solvent a shown in table 1, respectively.
Table 1: effect of different solvent A compositions on dye uptake
The dye uptake of the resulting dyed finished product was measured (the method is the same as in example 1), and it can be seen from comparative example 1 and example 1-1:
1) The dyeing effects of the solvents A with different compositions are different (see the serial numbers 1-5 in the table 1), under the same mass ratio, the dyeing effects of the matching of the lactic acid and the betaine are more ideal, and the matching of the lactic acid and the betaine hydrochloride is the next;
2) When the components are in the same proportion and different, the selected hydrogen bond acceptors and the hydrogen bond donors show the same trend, namely, the dyeing effect is better when the mass ratio of the hydrogen bond donors to the hydrogen bond donors is 3-4:1. Taking a solvent A composed of lactic acid and betaine as an example, when lactic acid: when the mass ratio of betaine is lower than 3:1 (see sequence numbers 6-9 in Table 1), the presence of high solvent viscosity results in poor dyeing effect compared with example 1; and when lactic acid: when the mass ratio of betaine is higher than 4:1 (see SEQ ID Nos. 12 and 13 in Table 1), there is a problem that the modification is incomplete due to the low content of betaine in the solvent. The applicant carried out experiments on solvents a of other constitution, all of which showed the same trend, where no extensive recording was made.
3) In the hydrogen bond acceptor, betaine and betaine hydrochloride both contain quaternary ammonium groups and carboxyl groups, and choline chloride does not contain carboxyl groups. The dyeing process using the carboxyl group-containing solvent a (e.g., nos. 4 and 5 in table 1) has a higher dye uptake than the modification pretreatment stage using the solvent a (e.g., no. 14 in table 1) containing no carboxyl group in the hydrogen bond acceptor.
Example 2
The influence of the heating mode on the dye uptake in pretreatment is examined in the embodiment, and the specific process is as follows:
the raw material fabric 3 and the raw material fabric 4 are soaked in a solvent A (the hydrogen bond donor is lactic acid, the hydrogen bond acceptor is betaine, the mass ratio of the hydrogen bond donor to the hydrogen bond acceptor is 4:1), and the raw material fabric and the solvent A are fully contacted by stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the raw material fabric to the solvent A is 1:5, and the soaking time is 5h. And then respectively carrying out anhydrous modification pretreatment by microwave heating and oven heating. After the pretreatment was completed, it was separated by high-speed centrifugation at 2000rpm to obtain pretreated fabric 3 and treated fabric 4, and solvent a was recovered.
Microwave heating parameter setting: the microwave is electromagnetic wave with wavelength of 122mm, the temperature is 120 ℃, and the modification time is 15s.
Setting heating parameters of an oven: the temperature is 120 ℃ and the duration is 15min.
(2) The pretreated fabric 3 and the pretreated fabric 4 are immersed into a solvent B (the hydrogen bond donor is lactic acid, the hydrogen bond acceptor is choline chloride, the mass ratio of the hydrogen bond donor to the hydrogen bond acceptor is 4:1) for dyeing, the dyeing bath ratio is 1:100, the dyeing temperature is 60 ℃,3BF red reactive dye is dispersed in the solvent B, and the concentration of the 3BF red reactive dye is 1owf%. After dyeing for 80min, it was separated by high-speed centrifugation at 2500rpm to give dyed fabric 3 and dyed fabric 4, and solvent B was recovered.
(3) And (3) drying and shaping the dyed fabric (the drying and shaping parameters are the same as those of the embodiment 1), and finally obtaining a dyed finished product 3 and a dyed finished product 4.
The dyeing effect of the dyed finished product 3 and the dyed finished product 4 was detected (the method is the same as in example 1), and the results show that: the dyeing rate of the dyeing finished product 3 corresponding to the technological process is 97.13%, the color accuracy is 90.88%, and the color fastness is more than level 4; the dyeing rate of the dyeing finished product 4 corresponding to the technological process is 85.77%, the color accuracy is 81.46%, the color fastness is more than 4 levels, and compared with the condition of taking oven heating as pretreatment, the microwave heating pretreatment can obtain better dyeing effect in shorter time.
In the present case, we also carried out experiments on the pretreatment duration, and found that: the dyeing effect achieved by the microwave heating for 5s can exceed the dyeing rate effect of the oven heating for 5min, the microwave treatment time is prolonged to 10s, 15s, 20s and 25s, and the dyeing effect can still be higher than the corresponding dyeing effect when the oven heating for 10min, 15min, 20min and 25 min.
Example 3
The influence of the solvent B on the dye uptake in the dyeing stage is examined in the embodiment, and the specific process is as follows:
(1) The raw material fabric 5 and the raw material fabric 6 are soaked in a solvent A (the hydrogen bond donor is lactic acid, the hydrogen bond acceptor is betaine, the mass ratio of the hydrogen bond donor to the hydrogen bond acceptor is 4:1), and the raw material fabric and the solvent A are fully contacted by stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the raw material fabric to the solvent A is 1:5. The infiltration time was 5h. Then carrying out anhydrous modification pretreatment by microwave heating, wherein the microwave is electromagnetic wave with the wavelength of 122mm, the temperature is 120 ℃, and the modification time is 15s. After the reaction was completed, it was separated by high-speed centrifugation at 2000rpm to obtain pretreated fabric 5 and pretreated fabric 6, while recovering solvent a.
(2) The pretreated fabric 5 and the pretreated fabric 6 are respectively immersed into a solvent B (the hydrogen bond donor is lactic acid, the hydrogen bond acceptor is choline chloride, the mass ratio of the hydrogen bond donor to the hydrogen bond acceptor is 4:1) and water for dyeing, the dyeing bath ratio is 1:100, the dyeing temperature is 60 ℃,3BF red reactive dye is dispersed in the solvent B and the water, and the concentration of the 3BF red reactive dye is 1owf percent. After dyeing for 80min, solvent B and water were removed by high-speed centrifugation at 2500rpm to give dyed fabric 5 and dyed fabric 6.
(3) And (3) drying and shaping the dyed fabric (the drying and shaping parameters are the same as those of the embodiment 1), and finally obtaining a dyed finished product 5 and a dyed finished product 6.
The dye uptake was measured on the dyed products 5 and 6 (the method was the same as in example 1), and the results showed that: the dyeing rate of the dyeing finished product 5 corresponding to the technological process is 97.13%, the color accuracy is 90.88%, and the color fastness is grade 4 or above; the dyeing rate of the dyeing finished product 6 corresponding to the technological process is 80.19%, the color accuracy is 82.08%, and the color fastness is 4 grade or above; compared with the dyeing finished product 6 without solvent in the dyeing stage, the dyeing finished product 5 with solvent B has obviously improved dyeing rate.
The applicant has also carried out experiments on the composition of solvent B, which shows a similar trend of influence as the composition of solvent a, which is not described here.
Example 4
In this example, the antibacterial activity against E.coli (E.coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) of a silk fabric sample was tested according to the modified AATCC100-1999 method using the dyed product 1 prepared in example 1 as a sample, and the specific procedure is as follows:
(1) The dyed finished product 1 prepared in example 1 was cut out into 1.5cm×1.5cm square samples, and then the samples were sterilized under ultraviolet light for 30min.
(2) 20. Mu.L of a standard bacterial liquid was dropped onto the sample, and the incubation time was 1h.
(3) Samples were taken and placed into tubes containing 5ml pbs buffer solution and shaken in a constant temperature incubator for 10min.
(4) Finally, 100. Mu.L of PBS was applied to LB agar plates and incubated at 37℃for 24h. And the antibacterial property of the modified dyed fabric was evaluated by calculating the antibacterial rate. The antibacterial ratio (BR) is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein: a and B are the numbers of colonies in the solid medium after the antibacterial rate experiment is finished on the real silk fabric sample to be detected and the original real silk fabric respectively. Each set of samples was tested in duplicate 3 times to average.
The antibacterial properties result as follows:
the fabric obtained by the dyeing method has obvious antibacterial effect on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, and the antibacterial rate reaches 99.83%.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application and not for limiting the scope of the present application, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present application may be modified or substituted equally without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present application.
Comparative example 1
CN112813708A was used as a comparative example (mainly example 1), and the dyeing process and the dyeing effect were compared with those of example 1, and the results were as follows:
table 2: comparative table of the dyeing effects of example 1 and comparative example 1
Comparison of table 2 shows that: the scheme has the obvious advantages of simple dyeing process, short dyeing period, high dye-uptake, high antibacterial property and small wastewater amount.
Claims (10)
1. A method of dyeing a fabric comprising the steps of:
(1) Pretreatment: after the fabric to be treated is fully soaked in the solvent A, carrying out anhydrous modification pretreatment by microwave heating to obtain a pretreated fabric,
the fabric to be treated is made of an ammonium-containing base material,
the solvent A comprises a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor, wherein the hydrogen bond donor is any one of lactic acid, urea, citric acid and fructose, the hydrogen bond acceptor contains carboxyl reacted with ammonio amidation, and the mass ratio of the hydrogen bond donor to the hydrogen bond donor is 3-4:1;
(2) Dyeing: immersing the pretreated fabric into a dye liquor for dyeing to obtain a dyed fabric,
the dye liquor contains reactive dye and solvent B,
the solvent B comprises a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor, wherein the hydrogen bond donor is any one of lactic acid, urea, citric acid and fructose, and the mass ratio of the hydrogen bond donor to the hydrogen bond donor is 3-4:1.
2. A method of dyeing fabrics as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the mass ratio of the fabric to be treated to the solvent A is 1:4-10, and the soaking time is 4-6 h.
3. A method of dyeing fabrics as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the microwave heating time is 5-25s, and the temperature is 100-200 ℃.
4. A method of dyeing fabrics in accordance with claim 3, wherein: the microwave heating temperature is 100-120 ℃.
5. A method of dyeing fabrics as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), after the pretreatment is finished, the pretreated fabric is obtained in a centrifugal mode, meanwhile, the solvent A is recovered, and the centrifugal speed is 2000-3000 rpm.
6. A method of dyeing fabrics as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen bond acceptor of the solvent A is any one of betaine and betaine hydrochloride, and the hydrogen bond acceptor of the solvent B is any one of betaine, betaine hydrochloride, choline chloride and L-carnitine.
7. A method of dyeing fabrics as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the hydrogen bond donor of the solvent A is lactic acid, and the hydrogen bond acceptor is betaine; the hydrogen bond donor of the solvent B is lactic acid, and the hydrogen bond acceptor is choline chloride.
8. A method of dyeing fabrics as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the dyeing bath ratio is 1:100-300, and the dyeing temperature is 50-80 ℃.
9. A method of dyeing fabrics as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), after dyeing, obtaining dyed fabric in a centrifugal mode, and recovering the solvent B at the same time, wherein the centrifugal speed is 2500-3000 r/min.
10. A method of dyeing fabrics as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fabric is any one of cotton fabric, hemp fabric, wool fabric and silk fabric or the fabric blended by two or more fibers of cotton, hemp, wool and silk.
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