CN117026402A - Preparation method of nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber - Google Patents
Preparation method of nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN117026402A CN117026402A CN202311023037.1A CN202311023037A CN117026402A CN 117026402 A CN117026402 A CN 117026402A CN 202311023037 A CN202311023037 A CN 202311023037A CN 117026402 A CN117026402 A CN 117026402A
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- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 210000004177 elastic tissue Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 32
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006801 PBT+PET Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006118 nylon 56 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008041 oiling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006076 specific stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
- D01D5/23—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool by asymmetrical cooling of filaments, threads, or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a preparation method of nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber, belonging to the technical field of polyamide filament manufacturing methods. The preparation method comprises the steps of taking modified PA66 polymer slices as raw materials, drying, extruding and melting to obtain a main spinning melt, taking nylon 6 slices as raw materials, and drying, extruding and melting to obtain an auxiliary spinning melt; the main and auxiliary spinning melt respectively enter the channels in the main and auxiliary box bodies, are metered into the spinning assembly according to the volume ratio of 50-65:50-35, and are subjected to eccentric sheath-core compounding and spinning between the distribution plate of the spinning assembly and the spinneret plate, and then are subjected to side blowing cooling, monomer suction and discharge, oiling, pre-conditioning balancing, drafting, hot plate shaping and winding to obtain a finished product. The application is used for preparing the double-component nylon self-curling elastic fiber, and has the advantages of excellent elasticity, remarkable curling and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a preparation method of nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber, belonging to the technical field of polyamide filament manufacturing methods.
Background
The double-component composite elastic fiber is mainly made of polyester fiber, such as products T400& T800 and T800 which are mature in the market, wherein the raw material components of T400& T800D are PTT+PET, and the products are mainly made of FDY; the T800 raw material component is PBT+PET, and the product is mainly DTY. The two products have good rebound resilience, solve the problems that the traditional spandex yarn is not suitable for excessively high dyeing temperature, excessive in elasticity, unstable in size, easy to age in storage and the like, can be directly woven, greatly reduce the production period and the manufacturing cost of elastic fibers, but have the defects that two materials are completely exposed due to the fact that the two materials are in a parallel structure, uniformity is difficult to achieve during dyeing due to the characteristics of the two materials, the probability of dyeing chromatic aberration is high, and meanwhile, the spandex yarn is not capable of being compared with nylon in the aspects of moisture absorption, wear resistance and softness.
The current research is mainly to use composite fiber, such as CN104651962A adopts terylene and biobased nylon 56 to form hollow curled composite fiber; CN101586269a uses common PET polyester as a core layer and PA as a skin layer to form a sheath-core type composite fiber; and nylon is used as raw material to produce the parallel elastic fiber which has not yet matured.
CN105887218A is prepared by spinning nylon high-shrinkage fiber by taking copolymerized light-sliced nylon 6 and nylon 66 as raw materials, and adopts single-component spinning, so that the elastic effect of three-dimensional curling of the two components in the composite spinning due to different heat recovery cannot be formed; CN109355716a combines nylon 6 and nylon 66 into elastic fiber FDY, and the two materials in the obtained composite fiber have parallel structure, and the color difference problem caused by different color absorption rates of different materials is also existed, and the curling elasticity of the finished product is also limited due to different viscosities of the two materials; CN104975362a is split FDY formed by compounding a high shrinkage component and a nylon component, but is also nylon-polyester composite, and has weak curl elasticity.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the application provides a preparation method of a nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber, which not only realizes the processing of elastic fiber with pure nylon components, but also endows the obtained fiber with high elasticity and three-dimensional curling effect.
Specifically, the application is realized by the following scheme:
a preparation method of nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber comprises the following steps:
the preparation method comprises the steps of taking modified PA66 polymer slices as raw materials, drying, extruding and melting to obtain a main spinning melt, taking nylon 6 slices as raw materials, and drying, extruding and melting to obtain an auxiliary spinning melt;
the main and auxiliary spinning melt respectively enter a channel in a main and auxiliary box body, enter a spinning assembly according to the volume ratio of 50-65:50-35, and perform eccentric sheath-core compounding and spinning of the main and auxiliary melt between a distribution plate of the spinning assembly and a spinneret plate, and then obtain the pre-oriented yarn through side blowing cooling, monomer suction and discharge and oiling;
the pre-oriented yarn is subjected to pre-conditioning balance, drafting, hot plate shaping and winding to obtain a finished product of the double-component nylon self-curling elastic fiber;
the relative viscosity of the modified PA66 polymer slice is 3.5-3.7, and the relative viscosity of the nylon 6 slice is 2.2-2.45;
the pre-conditioning balance is that the pre-oriented yarn is subjected to conditioning balance for 8-24 hours in a constant temperature and humidity environment with the temperature of 20-25 ℃ and the humidity of 50-60%;
the drafting means: under the conditions of pre-tension of 0.05-0.2 cN/dtex and tension stabilizing weight of 0.02-0.2 g/dtex, the drafting is completed by the compression roller and the hot roller.
In the scheme, the raw materials are selected from high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer and low-viscosity PA6, wherein the relative viscosity of the high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer is 3.50-3.70, the relative viscosity of the low-viscosity PA6 is 2.20-2.45, the high-shrinkage chips are used, the high-shrinkage chips are respectively extruded and melted to form main spinning melt and auxiliary spinning melt, the main spinning melt and the auxiliary spinning melt are subjected to sheath-core compounding, and the nylon double-component three-dimensional curled elastic fiber is obtained through cooling, oiling, pre-conditioning balance and drawing winding. Firstly, partial internal stress of POY is eliminated through pre-conditioning balance, adhesion between filament layers is reduced, and subsequent unwinding and drafting are facilitated; and then finishing the processing of the finished yarn by the warp frame, the tension regulator, the tension stabilizing sheet, the compression roller, the hot plate shaping, the cold plate and the winding head in sequence. Drawing by the speed difference of the press roller and the hot disc, shaping the drawn silk thread between the hot disc and the cold disc by a hot plate, stabilizing the silk thread drawing to form an internal stress spiral structure, enabling the double-component nylon high-elastic silk finished silk to be in a straight silk state, and breaking the internal stress balance of the fiber by high-temperature processing to form a spiral three-dimensional curled structure, so that the finished silk product presents excellent elasticity.
Further, as preferable:
in the eccentric sheath-core composite procedure, a main spinning melt is used as a core layer, an auxiliary spinning melt is used as a skin layer, the eccentric core layer is partially exposed, and the exposed central angle is 20-60 degrees. The two melts are compounded by adopting an eccentric sheath-core structure, the core layer is a high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer, the sheath layer is a low-viscosity PA6 slice, wherein the eccentric core layer is partially exposed at a central angle of 20-60 degrees, so that the three-dimensional curling elasticity generated by different heat shrinkage rates of two materials is ensured, meanwhile, the high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer is almost covered by the low-viscosity PA6, only the dyeing process condition of the PA6 is considered in dyeing, and the color difference caused by the performance difference of the two materials is avoided.
The drying treatment process of the high shrinkage modified PA66 polymer comprises the following steps: drying the slices by using dry air with dew point temperature less than or equal to minus 50 ℃ and heating at 70-100 ℃ for 2-6 hours, wherein the moisture content of the dried slices is 600+/-100 ppm; the drying treatment of the low viscosity PA6 slices is: drying the slices by using dry air with dew point temperature less than or equal to minus 50 ℃ and heating temperature of 80-110 ℃ for 6-10 hours, wherein the moisture content of the dried slices is less than or equal to 200ppm.
In the melting process of the high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer slice, the main box body is heated by biphenyl steam, the heating temperature is 285-300 ℃, the melt residence time is controlled to be less than or equal to 12min, the heating temperature of the screw extruder is controlled in 5 sections, the temperature is set from low to high from the feeding section, the temperature is 285-305 ℃, and the melt pressure is 120Mpa.
In the melting process of the low-viscosity PA6 slice, the auxiliary box body is heated by biphenyl steam at the temperature of 260-280 ℃ and the heating temperature of the screw extruder is controlled in 5 zones, the temperature is set from high to low from the feeding section, the temperature is 285-260 ℃, and the melt pressure is 120Mpa.
The air speed of the monomer suction and discharge port is more than or equal to 5m/min, the monomer in the suction and discharge pipe is washed regularly every 15-30 days, and the washed matters are recycled after being filtered.
In the oiling process, the blending concentration of the oiling agent is 5%, two oil nozzles are arranged for oiling, and the elevation angle of the oil nozzle to the tows is 10-15 degrees.
The side-blown air cooling temperature is 20-25 ℃ and the air speed is 0.35-0.60 m/sec.
In the drawing process, POY after pre-conditioning balance is placed on a creel, POY is led out and sequentially passes through a tension regulator and a tension stabilizing piece, the tension regulator pre-applies tension of 0.05-0.2 cN/dtex, the tension stabilizing piece weights weight of 0.02-0.2 g/dtex, then the POY enters a compression roller and a hot disc to finish drawing, the drawing multiplying power is 2-4, and the POY is shaped by a hot plate and coiled by a coiling head to obtain a finished product. The drawing process is suitable for drawing the nylon bi-component POY fiber, solves the problems that the nylon bi-component POY fiber is difficult to unwind and draw and is also suitable for winding pipes caused by uneven unwinding tension of other elastic fibers.
Wherein:
the tension regulator consists of one or more groups of tension rods, fibers pass through the tension rods, and the included angle between the fibers and the tension rods is controlled by adjusting the distance between the tension rods, so that tension regulation is realized.
The tension stabilizing piece consists of a gravity swinging piece, and when the fiber tension is uniform, the swinging piece is lifted by the fiber to a certain height; when the fiber tension is instantly relaxed, the swing piece slides on the fiber under the action of gravity and drives the fiber to fall, so as to buffer the pipe winding phenomenon caused by the relaxation of the fiber along the tension.
POY is wound on the press roller for 1-10 circles, more preferably, POY is wound on the press roller for 2-3 circles, so that the slippage of the fiber can be effectively prevented.
The POY is wound on the hot plate for 1 to 10 turns, more preferably, 6 to 8 turns, to preheat the fibers.
The temperature of the hot plate is 50-60 ℃.
The draft multiple is 2.5-3.5.
The shaping temperature of the hot plate is 100-130 ℃.
The winding speed is 3000-4500 m/min, more preferably, the winding speed is Zhang Lixi denier porous, the winding speed is controlled to be 6-15g, and the coarse denier pores are more than or equal to 12g; oil mist generated by the pressure of the network pressure being more than or equal to 0.2mpa is separated from oil by suction. The yarn guide disc has overfeeding of fine denier and overfeeding of coarse denier and underseeding of small denier, and the nylon composite three-dimensional curled elastic fiber is prepared with low production cost and easy color absorption.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The nylon double-component self-curling elasticity adopts the raw materials of high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer and low-viscosity PA6, the viscosity difference of the raw materials is large, and the high-shrinkage slice is used, so that the high-dimensional curling elasticity effect is achieved for the finished product by matching with the extrusion, spinning and winding settings of the nylon double-component self-curling elasticity.
(2) In the scheme, two melts are compounded by adopting a eccentric sheath-core structure, a core layer is made of a high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer, a sheath layer is made of a low-viscosity PA6 slice, and a core layer part is exposed, so that the three-dimensional curling elasticity generated by different heat shrinkage rates of two materials is ensured, and the high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer is almost covered by the low-viscosity PA6, so that only the dyeing process condition of the PA6 is considered in dyeing, and chromatic aberration caused by the performance difference of the two materials is avoided.
(3) The application is matched with a special drafting device in the drafting stage, the compression roller is a first holding point of the fiber entering the drafting stage, the hot plate is a guide plate with a constant temperature provided with a heating wire inside, the hot plate is a guide plate with a constant temperature for eliminating internal stress for the fiber and finishing shaping, the cold plate is a last guide plate of the fiber, and the winding head finishes final shaping winding of the fiber; meanwhile, by means of hot plate shaping between the hot plate and the cold plate after drafting, an internal stress spiral structure formed by fiber drafting is stabilized, so that the bi-component nylon presents a straight thread state, and meanwhile, the balance of stress in the fiber is destroyed after high-temperature processing treatment of the hot plate, the formed spiral three-dimensional curled structure is uniform, the fiber elasticity performance is good, and the finished fabric has excellent elasticity.
(4) The winding speed and the network degree are controlled, the fine denier and the multiple holes of the yarn guiding disc are overfed, the coarse denier and the multiple holes are underfed, and the nylon composite three-dimensional curled elastic fiber is prepared, so that the production cost is low, and the color is easy to absorb.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an unwinding draft device according to the present application;
FIG. 2a is a photograph of the finished yarn obtained in example 1;
FIG. 2b is a photograph of the finished yarn of example 2;
FIG. 2c is a photograph of the finished yarn obtained in example 3;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of a conventional nylon yarn.
Reference numerals in the drawings: POY cake; 2. a tension regulator; 21. a tension rod; 3. a tension stabilizing piece; 31. swinging sheets; 4. a press roller; 5. a hot plate; 6. a hot plate; 7. a cold plate; 8. a winding head.
Detailed Description
This example explains the pre-conditioning balancing process and the drawing process in detail.
Example 1
The preparation method of the nylon double-component three-dimensional crimped elastic fiber takes the dried high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer and low-viscosity PA6 as raw materials, and the water content of the dry slice of the high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer is 600+/-100 ppm and the relative viscosity is 3.50; the water content of the low-viscosity PA6 dry slice is less than or equal to 200ppm, and the relative viscosity is 2.45. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Extrusion melting: the high shrinkage modified PA66 polymer dry slice enters a main screw extruder under the protection of nitrogen, and is melted, mixed and extruded to obtain a main spinning melt; and (3) feeding the low-viscosity nylon 6 dry slices into an auxiliary screw extruder under the protection of nitrogen, melting, mixing and extruding to obtain an auxiliary spinning melt.
Wherein, the extrusion process of the main screw extruder is provided with 5 sections of heating areas, and the heating temperature of each area is 285/290/295/300/305 ℃; the extrusion process of the auxiliary screw extruder is provided with 5 sections of heating areas, and the heating temperature of each area is 285/280/275/270/265 ℃.
(2) Compounding: the main and auxiliary spinning melts enter the main and auxiliary box bodies and are metered by the respective pipelines and metering pumps, and finally enter the main box body assembly, the eccentric sheath-core composite spinning of the main and auxiliary melts is carried out between the distribution plate of the assembly and the spinneret plate, wherein the core layer is a high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer, the sheath layer is a low-viscosity PA6, and the composite volume percentage of the two is 65:35, exposing the central angle to 25 degrees, and then performing side-blowing cooling (20 ℃,0.4 m/sec), monomer suction and discharge, oiling (oil concentration 5%, oil nozzle elevation angle 10 degrees) and POY forming winding (conventional process) to obtain the nylon composite three-dimensional curled elastic POY.
(3) Preconditioning the equilibrium: and placing the POY cake 1 in a constant temperature and humidity environment for humidity adjustment and balance for 8 hours. The temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 55%. The internal stress of the POY yarn is eliminated through pre-conditioning balance, yarn cakes become soft, and the adhesion between yarn layers is reduced.
(4) Drawing: the POY cake 1 after the pre-conditioning balance treatment is placed on a creel, and a corresponding drawing device is shown in figure 1, wherein the drawing environment temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 60%. The silk thread is led out from the creel through a tension regulator 2, the silk thread adjusts the pre-tension to be 0.2cN/dtex through the included angle interval of a tension rod 21, and then the swinging piece 31 is selected and matched according to 0.2g/dtex through a tension stabilizing piece 3. Then the yarn enters the press roller 4 and the hot plate 5, the temperature of the hot plate 5 is 60 ℃, the yarn is drawn through the speed difference between the press roller 4 and the hot plate 5, and the yarn is wound on the press roller 4 for 1 circle, the hot plate 5 is wound on 8 circles and the drawing ratio is 4 times in order to prevent the yarn from sliding and the preheating effect of the hot plate 5 on the yarn. The drawn yarn is shaped between the hot plate 5 and the cold plate 7 by a hot plate 6, the temperature of the hot plate 6 is 130 ℃, and the yarn is stably drawn to form an internal stress spiral structure (shown in figure 2 a).
(5) Winding: the winding speed was 3000m/min, the winding tension was controlled at 6g, and the web pressure was 0.25mpa.
In the whole process of unwinding and drafting, the phenomenon of winding a pipe does not occur; the elongation at break of the obtained nylon composite yarn is 40.1%, the breaking strength is 2.58cN/dtex, the boiling water shrinkage is 45.3%, the fiber crimp number is 35/50 mm, the dyeing uniformity is more than or equal to 4 levels, the elastic recovery rate is 99.7%, and the finished nylon composite yarn is a high-elasticity nylon composite yarn.
Example 1-1
This embodiment is identical to the arrangement of embodiment 1, except that: in the step (4), the tension adjusting unit was not provided, and the results are shown in table 1.
The absence of a tension adjustment unit includes three cases:
A. no tension regulator is provided but a tension stabilizer is provided,
B. no tension stabilizer is provided but a tension adjuster is provided,
C. neither the tension regulator nor the tension stabilizer.
Table 1: production condition comparison table without tension regulating unit
The results in table 1 show that: compared with the embodiment 1, when the tension adjusting unit is not arranged, the phenomenon of uneven tension exists in the unwinding and drawing process, so that the phenomenon of pipe winding in the unwinding process is serious, and the obtained finished product structure has no obvious change.
Examples 1 to 2
This embodiment is identical to the arrangement of embodiment 1, except that: in step (4), the pretension was varied, and the specific settings and results of the pretension are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: control of the influence of different pretensions
As can be seen from table 2: the pre-tension setting is related to unreeling, the pre-tension is in a proper range, the wire unwinding is stable, the finished product has high fixed-length and high quality. Conversely, when the pre-tension is less than 0.05cN/dtex (the value of 0.02cN/dtex is given in the table above) or more than 0.2cN/dtex (the value of 0.3cN/dtex is given in the table above), the finished product with fixed weight and fixed length cannot be obtained, and the grade of the finished product is adjusted by 1-2 grades.
Examples 1 to 3
This embodiment is identical to the arrangement of embodiment 1, except that: in step (4), the stabilizer weights were different, and the specific stabilizer weight settings and results are shown in table 2.
Table 3: impact control of different tension stabilizing plate weights
As can be seen from table 3: the balance weight of the tension stabilizing piece is arranged in a manner of being related to unreeling and forming, the size of the balance weight is in a proper range, the wire unwinding is stable, the finished product is high in fixed length and high in quality. Otherwise, when the balance weight of the stabilizing sheet is less than 0.02g/dtex (the value of 0.01g/dtex is given in the table above) or more than 0.2g/dtex (the value of 0.3g/dtex is given in the table above), the finished product with fixed weight and fixed length cannot be achieved, and the grade of the finished product is adjusted by 1-2 grades.
Examples 1 to 4
This embodiment is identical to the arrangement of embodiment 1, except that: in the step (4), the number of windings was different, and the number of windings and the results on the press roller and the hot plate are shown in Table 2.
Table 4: control of the effect of different turns
The results in table 4 show that: the use of the press roller 4 in processing is mainly represented by prevention of slippage of the wire, and therefore, the number of windings is suitably controlled within a relatively small range (when the above table is controlled to 3 or less); the heat disc 5 not only cooperates with the compression roller 4 to prevent the fiber from slipping, but also achieves the preheating effect on the fiber, so that the control of the heat disc in a relatively high range (such as 6-8 circles) is more beneficial to the maintenance of elastic recovery rate and the realization of a spiral bending structure in the structure. However, when the number of windings of the hot plate 5 exceeds 8 (10 is shown above), the number of windings on the hot plate 5 is too high, which affects the operability of the drawing head.
Example 2
The preparation method of the nylon double-component three-dimensional crimped elastic fiber takes the dried high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer and low-viscosity PA6 as raw materials, and the water content of the dry slice of the high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer is 600+/-100 ppm and the relative viscosity is 3.70; the water content of the low-viscosity PA6 dry slice is less than or equal to 200ppm, and the relative viscosity is 2.45. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Extrusion melting: the high shrinkage modified PA66 polymer dry slice enters a main screw extruder under the protection of nitrogen, and is melted, mixed and extruded to obtain a main spinning melt; and (3) feeding the low-viscosity nylon 6 dry slices into an auxiliary screw extruder under the protection of nitrogen, melting, mixing and extruding to obtain an auxiliary spinning melt.
Wherein, the extrusion process of the main screw extruder is provided with 5 sections of heating areas, and the heating temperature of each area is 285/290/295/300/305 ℃; the extrusion process of the auxiliary screw extruder is provided with 5 sections of heating areas, and the heating temperature of each area is 285/280/275/270/265 ℃.
(2) Compounding: the main and auxiliary spinning melts enter the main and auxiliary box bodies and are metered by the respective pipelines and metering pumps, and finally enter the main box body assembly, the eccentric sheath-core composite spinning of the main and auxiliary melts is carried out between the distribution plate of the assembly and the spinneret plate, wherein the core layer is a high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer, the sheath layer is a low-viscosity PA6, and the composite volume percentage of the two is 50:50, exposing the central angle to 35 degrees, and then cooling by side blowing, sucking and discharging the monomers, oiling and winding to obtain the nylon composite three-dimensional curled elastic POY.
(3) Preconditioning the equilibrium: and placing the POY cake 1 in a constant temperature and humidity environment for humidity adjustment and balance for 12 hours. The temperature is 22 ℃ and the humidity is 60 percent. The internal stress of the POY yarn is eliminated through pre-conditioning balance, yarn cakes become soft, and the adhesion between yarn layers is reduced.
(4) Drawing: the POY cake 1 after the pre-conditioning balance treatment is placed on a creel, and the environment temperature of a drafting device is 20 ℃ and the humidity is 50%. The silk thread is led out from the creel through a tension regulator 2, the silk thread adjusts the pre-tension to be 0.05cN/dtex through the included angle interval of a tension rod 21, and then the swinging piece 31 is selected and matched according to 0.02g/dtex through a tension stabilizing piece 3. Then the yarn enters the press roller 4 and the hot plate 5, the temperature of the hot plate 5 is 55 ℃, the yarn is drawn through the speed difference between the press roller 4 and the hot plate 5, and the yarn is wound on the press roller 4 for 1 circle, the hot plate 5 is wound on 6 circles, and the drawing ratio is 2.5 times in order to prevent the yarn from sliding and the preheating effect of the hot plate 5 on the yarn. The drawn yarn is shaped between the hot plate 5 and the cold plate 7 by a hot plate 6, the temperature of the hot plate 6 is 100 ℃, and the yarn is stably drawn to form an internal stress spiral structure (shown in figure 2 b).
(5) Winding: the winding speed was 3000m/min, the winding tension was controlled at 6g, and the web pressure was 0.25mpa.
In the whole process of unwinding and drafting, the phenomenon of winding a pipe does not occur; the obtained nylon composite yarn has the elongation at break of 38.3%, the breaking strength of 3.21cN/dtex, the boiling water shrinkage of 36.3%, the fiber crimp number of 30/50 mm, the dyeing uniformity of more than or equal to 4 levels and the elastic recovery rate of 99.1%, and is a high-elasticity nylon composite yarn.
Example 3
The preparation method of the nylon double-component three-dimensional crimped elastic fiber takes the dried high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer and low-viscosity PA6 as raw materials, and the water content of the dry slice of the high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer is 600+/-100 ppm and the relative viscosity is 3.60; the water content of the low-viscosity PA6 dry slice is less than or equal to 200ppm, and the relative viscosity is 2.2. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Extrusion melting: the high shrinkage modified PA66 polymer dry slice enters a main screw extruder under the protection of nitrogen, and is melted, mixed and extruded to obtain a main spinning melt; and (3) feeding the low-viscosity nylon 6 dry slices into an auxiliary screw extruder under the protection of nitrogen, melting, mixing and extruding to obtain an auxiliary spinning melt.
Wherein, the extrusion process of the main screw extruder is provided with 5 sections of heating areas, and the heating temperature of each area is 285/290/295/300/305 ℃; the extrusion process of the auxiliary screw extruder is provided with 5 sections of heating areas, and the heating temperature of each area is 280/275/270/265/260 ℃.
(2) Compounding: the main and auxiliary spinning melts enter the main and auxiliary box bodies and are metered by the respective pipelines and metering pumps, and finally enter the main box body assembly, the eccentric sheath-core composite spinning of the main and auxiliary melts is carried out between the distribution plate of the assembly and the spinneret plate, wherein the core layer is a high-shrinkage modified PA66 polymer, the sheath layer is a low-viscosity PA6, and the composite volume percentage of the two is 50:50, exposing the central angle to 40 degrees, and then cooling by side blowing, sucking and discharging by a single body, oiling and winding to obtain the nylon composite three-dimensional curled elastic POY.
(3) Preconditioning the equilibrium: and placing the POY cake 1 in a constant temperature and humidity environment for humidity adjustment and balance for 24 hours. The temperature is 20 ℃ and the humidity is 55%. The internal stress of the POY yarn is eliminated through pre-conditioning balance, yarn cakes become soft, and the adhesion between yarn layers is reduced.
(4) Drawing: the POY cake 1 after the pre-conditioning balance treatment is placed on a creel, and the environmental temperature of a drafting device is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 55%. The silk thread is led out from the creel through a tension regulator 2, the silk thread adjusts the pre-tension to be 0.15cN/dtex through the included angle interval of a tension rod 21, and then the swinging piece 31 is selected and matched according to 0.1g/dtex through a tension stabilizing piece 3. Then the yarn enters the press roller 4 and the hot plate 5, the temperature of the hot plate 5 is 55 ℃, the yarn is drawn through the speed difference between the press roller 4 and the hot plate 5, and the yarn is wound for 2 circles on the press roller 4 and 8 circles on the hot plate 5 for preventing the yarn from sliding and the preheating effect of the hot plate 5 on the yarn, and the drawing ratio is 3 times. The drawn yarn is shaped between the hot plate 5 and the cold plate 7 by a hot plate 6, the temperature of the hot plate 6 is 110 ℃, and the yarn is stably drawn to form an internal stress spiral structure (shown in figure 2 c).
(5) Winding: the winding speed was 3000m/min, the winding tension was controlled at 6g, and the web pressure was 0.25mpa.
In the whole process of unwinding and drafting, the phenomenon of winding the tube does not occur. The obtained nylon composite yarn has the elongation at break of 45.3%, the breaking strength of 2.52cN/dtex, the boiling water shrinkage of 56.4%, the fiber crimp number of 37/50 mm, the dyeing uniformity of more than or equal to 4 levels and the elastic recovery rate of 99.8%, and is a high-elasticity nylon composite yarn.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber is characterized in that:
the preparation method comprises the steps of taking modified PA66 polymer slices as raw materials, drying, extruding and melting to obtain a main spinning melt, taking nylon 6 slices as raw materials, and drying, extruding and melting to obtain an auxiliary spinning melt;
the main and auxiliary spinning melt respectively enter a channel in a main and auxiliary box body, enter a spinning assembly according to the volume ratio of 50-65:50-35, and perform eccentric sheath-core compounding and spinning of the main and auxiliary melt between a distribution plate of the spinning assembly and a spinneret plate, and then obtain the pre-oriented yarn through side blowing cooling, monomer suction and discharge and oiling;
the pre-oriented yarn is subjected to pre-conditioning balance, drafting, hot plate shaping and winding to obtain a finished product of the double-component nylon self-curling elastic fiber;
the relative viscosity of the modified PA66 polymer slice is 3.5-3.7, and the relative viscosity of the nylon 6 slice is 2.2-2.45;
the pre-conditioning balance is that the pre-oriented yarn is subjected to conditioning balance for 8-24 hours in a constant temperature and humidity environment with the temperature of 20-25 ℃ and the humidity of 50-60%;
the drafting means: under the conditions of pre-tension of 0.05-0.2 cN/dtex and tension stabilizing weight of 0.02-0.2 g/dtex, the drafting is completed by the compression roller and the hot roller.
2. The method for preparing the nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the eccentric sheath-core composite procedure, a main spinning melt is used as a core layer, an auxiliary spinning melt is used as a skin layer, the eccentric core layer is partially exposed, and the exposed central angle is 20-60 degrees.
3. The method for preparing the nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the drying process of the modified PA66 polymer slice, the modified PA66 polymer slice is dried by using dry air heating with the dew point temperature less than or equal to minus 50 ℃ and the heating temperature is 70-100 ℃ and the heating time is 2-6 h until the water content of the slice is 600+/-100 ppm.
4. The method for preparing the nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the drying process of the PA6 slice, the slice is dried by using dry air with the dew point temperature less than or equal to minus 50 ℃ and the heating temperature is 80-110 ℃ and the heating time is 6-10 h until the water content of the slice is less than or equal to 200ppm.
5. The method for preparing the nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the spinning temperature is 260-300 ℃ and the spinning speed is 3000-4500 m/min.
6. The method for preparing the nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and two oil nozzles are arranged in the oiling procedure for oiling, and the elevation angle of the oil nozzle to the tows is 10-15 degrees.
7. The method for preparing the nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the side-blown air cooling temperature is 20-25 ℃ and the air speed is 0.35-0.60 m/sec.
8. The method for preparing the nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pre-oriented yarn is wound on a press roll for 2-3 circles; the temperature of the hot plate is 50-60 ℃, and the hot plate is wound for 6-8 circles; the draft multiple is 2-4.
9. The method for preparing the nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the shaping temperature of the hot plate is 100-130 ℃.
10. The method for preparing the nylon bi-component self-curling elastic fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the winding process, the winding speed is 3000-4500 m/min, and the network pressure is more than or equal to 0.2mpa.
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