CN117017255A - Cardiopulmonary resuscitation effect indicating system and method based on cervical blood flow analysis - Google Patents
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation effect indicating system and method based on cervical blood flow analysis Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005206 flow analysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/026—Measuring blood flow
- A61B5/0261—Measuring blood flow using optical means, e.g. infrared light
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/02108—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels from analysis of pulse wave characteristics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H31/00—Artificial respiration or heart stimulation, e.g. heart massage
- A61H31/004—Heart stimulation
- A61H31/005—Heart stimulation with feedback for the user
Abstract
The application relates to a cardiopulmonary resuscitation effect indicating system and method based on neck blood flow analysis. The indication system comprises: the wearable neck blood flow analysis device comprises a sensing part which is worn on the neck of a user and surrounds a cervical artery blood vessel and an analysis part connected with the sensing part; the sensing part is configured to continuously acquire sensing data containing blood flow information in the carotid artery blood vessel; the analysis part is configured to determine pulse wave data of the cervical artery in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process in real time according to the sensing data; and a compression effect indicating device configured to continuously determine, in real time, at least one alarm parameter indicating a compression abnormality from the pulse wave data, and generate and output a corresponding alarm indication from the at least one alarm parameter indicating the compression abnormality. The application can better evaluate the implementation effect of cardiopulmonary resuscitation so as to realize wider cardiopulmonary resuscitation application.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of medical treatment and health, in particular to a cardiopulmonary resuscitation effect indicating system and method based on neck blood flow analysis.
Background
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a very important first aid technique that can save lives in emergency situations. Because of the importance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the quality of its effect is important. In cardiopulmonary resuscitation, chest or viscera injury may be caused if the compression force is excessive. If the pressing force is too small, there may not be enough oxygen to enter the heart and lungs, thereby reducing the success rate. If the compression frequency is too low, the blood supply to the heart is reduced, which can lead to ischemia of the heart. If the compression frequency is too high, the heart tissue is subjected to excessive pressure, which may result in damage to the heart tissue. Therefore, it is necessary to be able to judge whether the administration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is reasonable in time for each rescuer.
However, at present, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation compression index is evaluated internationally to be a compression depth of more than 5cm, and is too wide to enable a rescuer to have a good judgment on own compression level, so that accuracy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation implementation is greatly affected.
Moreover, when cardiopulmonary resuscitation is performed on patients with sudden cardiac arrest, ensuring that the supply of blood flow to the brain is of great importance to the brain protection after resuscitation of the patient, and therefore monitoring of the cervical blood flow is required clinically during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
However, current blood flow tests (e.g. blood oxygen saturation (spo 2 ) Detection, pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) detection, etc.) are often distributed on the four limbs, and when measurement is performed, the sensor distribution mainly reflects the conditions such as peripheral blood vessel PWV, etc., and is mainly used for patients who are not cardiac arrest, so that when cardiac arrest patients perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation, an indication of the cervical blood flow condition cannot be obtained.
There are also techniques that can measure cervical blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, such as patch-type continuous doppler cervical blood flow detection techniques, which are relatively complex and costly.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, embodiments of the present application provide a cardiopulmonary resuscitation effect indicating system and method based on cervical blood flow analysis to solve at least one of the problems of the prior art.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a cardiopulmonary resuscitation effect indicating system based on cervical blood flow analysis, the indicating system including:
the wearable neck blood flow analysis device comprises a sensing part which is worn on the neck of a user and surrounds a cervical artery blood vessel and an analysis part connected with the sensing part; the sensing part is configured to continuously collect sensing data containing blood flow information in a carotid artery blood vessel; the analysis part is configured to determine pulse wave data of the cervical artery in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process in real time according to the sensing data; and
and the pressing effect indicating device is configured to continuously and real-time determine at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal pressing according to the pulse wave data, and generate and output corresponding alarm indication according to the at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal pressing.
With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the sensing portion includes a first optical transceiver component and a second optical transceiver component that are arranged in an array along a blood flow direction in a carotid artery blood vessel;
the first light transceiver assembly includes a first light emitting assembly configured to emit a first light beam having a first wavelength toward a cervical arterial vessel at a first measurement location and a first light receiving assembly configured to receive a reflected light beam from the cervical arterial vessel at the first measurement location in response to the first light beam;
the second light transceiver assembly includes a second light emitting assembly configured to emit a second light beam having the first wavelength toward a carotid artery vessel at a second measurement location and a second light receiving assembly configured to receive a reflected light beam from the carotid artery vessel at the second measurement location in response to the second light beam;
the light emitting surface of the first light emitting component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, and the light receiving surface of the first light receiving component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the first light beam uniformly irradiates the blood vessel of the neck artery at the first measuring position, and the reflected light beam of the first light beam is uniformly received;
the light emitting surface of the second light emitting component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, and the light receiving surface of the second light receiving component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the second light beam uniformly irradiates the blood vessel of the neck artery at the second measuring position, and the reflected light beam of the second light beam is uniformly received.
With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the sensing data includes first sensing data obtained by the first light receiving component and second sensing data obtained by the second light receiving component; the analysis unit includes:
a pulse start point moment determining unit configured to continuously determine, in real time, a first moment and a second moment of a pulse start point at which the same pulse wave is transmitted to a first measurement position and a second measurement position, respectively, according to the first sensing data and the second sensing data;
and a pulse wave data determining unit configured to determine a pulse wave velocity and a pulse rate of the pulse wave based on a time difference of a pulse start point obtained at the first time and the second time.
With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the compression effect indication device includes an alarm parameter determining unit configured to continuously determine, in real time, at least one alarm parameter indicating a compression abnormality according to the pulse wave data, and an alarm indication generating unit configured to generate and output a corresponding alarm indication according to the at least one alarm parameter indicating a compression abnormality; wherein the alarm parameter determining unit includes:
a first alarm parameter obtaining unit configured to obtain a first alarm parameter indicating that the compression depth is too shallow in response to the pulse wave velocity being smaller than a first velocity threshold;
and a second alarm parameter obtaining unit configured to obtain a second alarm parameter indicating that the compression depth is too deep in response to the pulse wave velocity being greater than a second velocity threshold.
With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the alarm parameter determining unit further includes:
a third alarm parameter obtaining unit configured to obtain a third alarm parameter indicating that the compression frequency is too slow in response to the pulse rate of the pulse wave being smaller than a first compression frequency threshold;
and a fourth alarm parameter obtaining unit configured to obtain a fourth alarm parameter indicating that the compression frequency is too fast in response to the pulse rate of the pulse wave being greater than the second compression frequency threshold.
With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the first optical transceiver component further includes a third optical transmitter component, and the second optical transceiver component further includes a fourth optical transmitter component;
the third light emitting assembly is configured to emit a third light beam having a second wavelength toward a carotid artery vessel at a first measurement location, the first light receiving assembly further configured to receive a reflected light beam from the carotid artery vessel at the first measurement location in response to the third light beam;
the fourth light emitting assembly is configured to emit a fourth light beam having the second wavelength toward a carotid artery vessel at a second measurement location, the second light receiving assembly further configured to receive a reflected light beam from the carotid artery vessel at the second measurement location in response to the fourth light beam;
the light emitting surface of the third light emitting component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the third light beam uniformly irradiates the neck artery blood vessel at the first measuring position and the reflected light beam of the third light beam is uniformly received;
the light emitting surface of the fourth light emitting component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the fourth light beam uniformly irradiates the neck artery blood vessel at the second measuring position and the reflected light beam of the fourth light beam is uniformly received.
With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the analysis section further includes:
and a blood oxygen saturation determination unit configured to continuously determine blood oxygen saturation in real time from the first sensing data and the second sensing data.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a cardiopulmonary resuscitation effect indication method based on neck blood flow analysis, the indication method including the steps of:
transmitting a first light beam having a first wavelength from a first light emitting assembly worn on the neck of the user to the carotid artery vessel at a first measurement location and a second light beam having the first wavelength from a second light emitting assembly worn on the neck of the user to the carotid artery vessel at a second measurement location; the first measuring position and the second measuring position are distributed in sequence along the blood flow direction in the blood vessel of the cervical artery;
receiving a reflected light beam responsive to the first light beam with a first light receiving element disposed at a position corresponding to the first light emitting element and receiving a reflected light beam responsive to the second light beam with a second light receiving element disposed at a position corresponding to the second light emitting element; the light emitting surface of the first light emitting component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, and the light receiving surface of the first light receiving component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the first light beam uniformly irradiates the blood vessel of the neck artery at the first measuring position, and the reflected light beam of the first light beam is uniformly received; the light emitting surface of the second light emitting component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, and the light receiving surface of the second light receiving component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the second light beam uniformly irradiates the blood vessel of the neck artery at the second measuring position, and the reflected light beam of the second light beam is uniformly received;
continuously collecting sensing data containing blood flow information in a carotid artery blood vessel in the reflected light beam;
determining pulse wave data of the cervical artery in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process in real time according to the sensing data;
and continuously determining at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal pressing according to the pulse wave data in real time, and generating and outputting a corresponding alarm indication according to the at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal pressing.
With reference to the second aspect of the present application, in an optional embodiment, the step of determining, in real time, pulse wave data of the cervical artery during cardiopulmonary resuscitation according to the sensing data includes:
continuously determining a first moment and a second moment of transmitting the same pulse wave to corresponding pulse starting points at a first measurement position and a second measurement position respectively in real time according to the first sensing data and the second sensing data; the first sensing data are obtained by the first light receiving component, and the second sensing data are obtained by the second light receiving component;
and determining the pulse wave velocity and the pulse rate of the pulse wave according to the time difference of the pulse starting points obtained at the first moment and the second moment.
With reference to the second aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the step of determining, in continuous real time, at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal compressions according to the pulse wave data includes:
responding to the pulse wave velocity being smaller than a first velocity threshold value, and obtaining a first alarm parameter indicating that the pressing depth is too shallow;
and responding to the pulse wave velocity being larger than a second velocity threshold value, and obtaining a second alarm parameter indicating the excessive compression depth.
With reference to the second aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the step of determining, in continuous real time, at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal compressions according to the pulse wave data further includes:
responding to the pulse rate of the pulse wave being smaller than a first pressing frequency threshold value, and obtaining a third alarm parameter indicating that the pressing frequency is too slow;
and responding to the pulse rate of the pulse wave being larger than a second pressing frequency threshold value, and obtaining a fourth alarm parameter indicating that the pressing frequency is too fast.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that: on the one hand, the measured pulse wave data are applied to the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process to indicate the abnormality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation pressing in real time and generate an alarm, and the pressing effect is indicated in real time, so that a basis for judging whether the implementation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is reasonable or not is provided for a rescuer in real time, and the accuracy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation implementation is improved. On the other hand, the wearable cervical blood flow analysis device is worn on the neck of a user, so that cervical blood flow can be measured in real time in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process, and pulse wave measurement is realized by using a photoelectric sensor with relatively low cost, so that the system has the advantages of low cost and simplified structure, and is convenient for miniaturization and cervical wearing, thereby realizing wider cardiopulmonary resuscitation application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a cardiopulmonary resuscitation effect indicating system based on cervical blood flow analysis according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a CPR effect indicating device based on cervical blood flow analysis according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a position of an optical transceiver according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a position of another optical transceiver according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional layout of an optical transceiver module according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of pulse waveforms according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a cardiopulmonary resuscitation effect indicating method based on cervical blood flow analysis according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme and the beneficial effects of the application more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description is given by way of example. Wherein the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and wherein local features may be exaggerated or reduced to more clearly show details of the local features; unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
The embodiment of the application provides a cardiopulmonary resuscitation effect indicating system based on neck blood flow analysis, as shown in fig. 1, the indicating system comprises:
the wearable cervical blood flow analysis device 1 comprises a sensing part 11 which is worn on the neck of a user and surrounds a cervical artery blood vessel, and an analysis part 12 connected with the sensing part; the sensing part 11 is configured to continuously collect sensing data containing blood flow information in the carotid artery blood vessel; the analysis part 12 is configured to determine pulse wave data of the cervical artery in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process in real time according to the sensing data; and
the pressing effect indicating device 2 is configured to continuously determine at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal pressing according to pulse wave data in real time, and generate and output a corresponding alarm indication according to the at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal pressing.
Further, the sensing part comprises a first optical transceiver component and a second optical transceiver component which are arranged in an array along the blood flow direction in the carotid artery blood vessel;
the first light receiving and transmitting assembly includes a first light emitting assembly T1 and a first light receiving assembly R1, the first light emitting assembly T1 being configured to emit a first light beam having a first wavelength to a carotid artery vessel at a first measurement location, the first light receiving assembly R1 being configured to receive a reflected light beam from the carotid artery vessel at the first measurement location in response to the first light beam;
the second light receiving and transmitting assembly includes a second light emitting assembly T2 and a second light receiving assembly R2, the second light emitting assembly T2 being configured to emit a second light beam having the first wavelength to the carotid artery vessel at the second measurement location, the second light receiving assembly R2 being configured to receive a reflected light beam from the carotid artery vessel at the second measurement location in response to the second light beam.
In the embodiment of the application, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation effect indication system based on the cervical blood flow analysis can be realized as a cardiopulmonary resuscitation indication device, and the indication device is integrally and integrally arranged in a flexible material wearable on the neck of a user, and can be tightly attached to the neck of the user when in use. The indication device comprises a sensor module and a processing module, as shown in fig. 2, wherein the processing module comprises a transmitting driving circuit, a receiving circuit, an ADC (analog to digital converter) conversion circuit, a processor, a power supply system, an LED indication or LCD display unit and a communication unit (comprising Bluetooth, USB or serial port), and an analysis part and a pressing effect indication device in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation effect indication system based on neck blood flow analysis can be realized in the processor through an indication method and are used for determining pulse wave data of a neck artery in a cardiopulmonary resuscitation process in real time according to sensing data; and continuously determining at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal pressing according to the pulse wave data in real time, generating a corresponding alarm indication according to the at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal pressing, and outputting the alarm indication to an LED indication or LCD display unit for display.
The power supply system may include a charging circuit, a battery, and a power conversion output section, and perform management of power supply for the entire apparatus. The charging circuit can be powered by a wired power supply or a wireless charging mode.
The processor may be a microprocessor such as MCU, FPGA, DSP.
The emission driving circuit is used for driving the light emitting assembly, and the light emitting assembly can comprise a plurality of groups of LED luminous tubes with the same wavelength or different wavelengths.
The receiving circuit is an analog signal processing part of the light receiving assembly, and mainly performs digital filtering processing such as 50Hz or 60Hz alternating current filtering, band-pass filtering and the like.
The ADC conversion circuit performs analog-to-digital conversion to convert the received light intensity analog signal into a digital signal.
The LED indication or LCD display can be displayed according to the alarm indication to remind the cardiopulmonary resuscitation rescuer to observe and adjust the implementation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in real time.
According to the embodiment of the application, on one hand, the measured pulse wave data is applied to the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process to indicate the abnormality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation pressing in real time and generate an alarm to indicate the pressing effect in real time, so that a basis for judging whether the implementation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is reasonable or not is provided for a rescuer in real time, and the accuracy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation implementation is improved. On the other hand, the wearable cervical blood flow analysis device is worn on the neck of a user, so that cervical blood flow can be measured in real time in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process, and pulse wave measurement is realized by using a photoelectric sensor with relatively low cost, so that the system has the advantages of low cost and simplified structure, and is convenient for miniaturization and cervical wearing, thereby realizing wider cardiopulmonary resuscitation application.
Further, the light emitting surface of the first light emitting component T1 is attached to the surface of the neck skin and the light receiving surface of the first light receiving component R1 is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the first light beam is uniformly irradiated to the blood vessel of the neck artery at the first measurement position and the reflected light beam of the first light beam is uniformly received;
the light emitting surface of the second light emitting component T2 is attached to the surface of the neck skin and the light receiving surface of the second light receiving component R2 is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the second light beam is uniformly irradiated to the blood vessel of the neck artery at the second measurement position and the reflected light beam of the second light beam is uniformly received.
In the embodiment of the application, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a group of first light emitting components T1 and first light receiving components R1, another group of second light emitting components T2 and second light receiving components R2 can all adopt patch type photoelectric sensors, are covered by silica gel materials, are arranged in a silica gel base (not light-transmitting), and can be tightly attached to the surface of neck skin when being worn and used to form a wrapping cover on the blood vessel of the neck artery. The size of the silica gel base can be adaptively adjusted and set along with the neck surrounding sizes of different crowds (old people, young people, children and the like), so that the distance between the two groups of light receiving and transmitting components is 5mm-10mm, and the silica gel base is also suitable for different crowds to use. As shown in fig. 5, the transmitting and receiving components are separated by a connected silica gel material to separate the light sources, and a silica gel light blocking edge can be arranged to surround the patch type photoelectric sensor to form a blocking wall, so that interference between two groups of light is reduced.
Each group of light emitting components includes, but is not limited to, one or more LED light emitting tubes, each group of light receiving components includes, but is not limited to, one or more light sensing sensors, and for pulse wave measurement, the first light emitting component T1 and the second light emitting component T2 can selectively output light in the red light region (typically 660 nm).
Further, the sensing data includes first sensing data obtained by the first light receiving assembly R1 and second sensing data obtained by the second light receiving assembly R2; the analysis unit includes:
a pulse start point moment determining unit configured to continuously determine, in real time, a first moment and a second moment of a pulse start point at which the same pulse wave is transmitted to the first measurement position and the second measurement position, respectively, according to the first sensing data and the second sensing data;
and a pulse wave data determining unit configured to determine a pulse wave velocity and a pulse rate of the pulse wave based on a time difference of the pulse start points obtained at the first time and the second time.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, a first time t1 and a second time t2 of a pulse start point at a first measurement position and a second measurement position of the same pulse wave from a first light receiving component R1 and a second light receiving component R2 are obtained in a data sampling channel of a two-channel receiving circuit, and then a pulse wave velocity is obtained by calculating a formula pwv=l/Δt according to the pulse wave velocity calculation, wherein L is a distance between the first measurement position and the second measurement position, Δt is a time difference between the first time t1 and the second time t2, and a pulse rate of the pulse wave is obtained. The pulse wave is generally detected by detecting a peak value in the time domain, searching a valley value from the peak value, and regarding the intersection point of a transverse horizontal line and a fitting straight line of a rising curve of the valley value in the time domain as a pulse starting point.
For the cervical pulse wave velocity PWV to be 500-2000mm/s, a higher sampling frequency is required to ensure the measurement accuracy. Taking the pitch of 5mm as an example, pwv=l/Δt, Δt=l/pwv=5/2000=2.5 ms, and the error is 2.5×5+=0.125 ms with a 5% accuracy requirement, that is, the frequency response and sampling frequency are at least 8KHz, for example, 10KHz can be used.
Further, the pressing effect indicating device comprises an alarm parameter determining unit configured to continuously determine at least one alarm parameter indicating a pressing abnormality in real time according to the pulse wave data, and an alarm indication generating unit configured to generate and output a corresponding alarm indication according to the at least one alarm parameter indicating the pressing abnormality; wherein the alarm parameter determining unit includes:
a first alarm parameter obtaining unit configured to obtain a first alarm parameter indicating that the compression depth is too shallow in response to the pulse wave velocity being smaller than a first velocity threshold;
and a second alarm parameter obtaining unit configured to obtain a second alarm parameter indicating that the compression depth is too deep in response to the pulse wave velocity being greater than the second velocity threshold.
Further, the alarm parameter determining unit further includes:
a third alarm parameter obtaining unit configured to obtain a third alarm parameter indicating that the compression frequency is too slow in response to the pulse rate of the pulse wave being smaller than the first compression frequency threshold;
and a fourth alarm parameter obtaining unit configured to obtain a fourth alarm parameter indicating that the compression frequency is too fast in response to the pulse rate of the pulse wave being greater than the second compression frequency threshold.
In the embodiment of the application, the pulse wave velocity and the pulse rate of the pulse wave are respectively used as the evaluation of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation pressing effect, the pulse wave velocity reaches the blood flow velocity of a normal person as a reference, for example, the adult is about 80-125cm/s, and when the pulse wave velocity is less than 80cm/s, the pressing depth is too shallow, so that a rescuer needs to increase the pressing depth in time. When the pulse wave velocity is greater than 125cm/s, the pressing depth is too deep, and the rescuer is required to timely reduce the pressing depth. The pulse rate of the pulse wave can be used as a reference, the pulse rate is the pressing frequency in the pressing process, for example, 100-120 times/min is the normal pressing, and when the pulse rate of the pulse wave is less than 100 times/min, the pressing frequency is too slow, so that a rescuer needs to accelerate pressing in time. When the pulse rate of the pulse wave is greater than 120 times/min, the pressing frequency is too high, and a rescuer needs to timely reduce the pressing. The alarm parameters of abnormal response pressing are timely fed back to a cardiopulmonary resuscitation rescuer through LED indication or LCD display, so that the cardiopulmonary resuscitation implementation effect can be better evaluated, and the accuracy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation implementation can be improved.
Further, the first light receiving and transmitting assembly further comprises a third light emitting assembly T3, and the second light receiving and transmitting assembly further comprises a fourth light emitting assembly T4;
the third light emitting assembly T3 is configured to emit a third light beam having a second wavelength to the carotid artery vessel at the first measurement location, the first light receiving assembly being further configured to receive a reflected light beam from the carotid artery vessel at the first measurement location in response to the third light beam;
the fourth light emitting assembly T4 is configured to emit a fourth light beam having a second wavelength to the carotid artery vessel at the second measurement location, the second light receiving assembly being further configured to receive a reflected light beam from the carotid artery vessel at the second measurement location in response to the fourth light beam;
the light emitting surface of the third light emitting component T3 is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the third light beam uniformly irradiates the neck artery blood vessel at the first measuring position and the reflected light beam of the third light beam is uniformly received;
the light emitting surface of the fourth light emitting element T4 is attached to the surface of the neck skin so that the fourth light beam is uniformly irradiated to the blood vessel of the neck artery at the second measurement position and the reflected light beam of the fourth light beam is uniformly received.
In the embodiment of the present application, the third light emitting component T3 and the fourth light emitting component T4 may each adopt a patch type photoelectric sensor, and may be disposed beside the first light emitting component T1 and the second light emitting component T2, which are identical in layout to the first light emitting component T1 and the second light emitting component T2. Each group of light emitting components includes, but is not limited to, one or more LED light emitting tubes, SPO for blood oxygen saturation 2 The third light emitting element T3 and the fourth light emitting element T4 may selectively output light in the green light region (typically 530 nm) or near infrared light (typically 940 nm).
Further, the analysis unit further includes:
and a blood oxygen saturation determination unit configured to continuously determine the blood oxygen saturation in real time from the first sensing data and the second sensing data.
In the embodiment of the application, the blood oxygen saturation is obtained by comparing the absorbed red light (R) with near Infrared (IR) light and utilizing Beer-Lambert law. Depending on the amount of oxyhemoglobin or deoxyhemoglobin, the ratio of absorbed red to absorbed near infrared (R/IR) will change, which can be converted to SPO by look-up tables 2 Values. For example, an R/IR ratio of 0.5 is equal to about 100% SPO 2 An R/IR ratio of 1.0 equal to about 82% SPO 2 An R/IR ratio of 2.0 equal to about 0% SPO 2 。
The embodiment of the application also provides a cardiopulmonary resuscitation effect indication method based on neck blood flow analysis, as shown in fig. 2, the indication method comprises the following steps:
s1, emitting a first light beam with a first wavelength from a first light emitting component worn on the neck of a user to a carotid artery vessel at a first measurement position and emitting a second light beam with the first wavelength from a second light emitting component worn on the neck of the user to a carotid artery vessel at a second measurement position; the first measuring position and the second measuring position are distributed in sequence along the blood flow direction in the carotid artery blood vessel;
s2, receiving the reflected light beam responding to the first light beam by using a first light receiving component arranged at a position corresponding to the first light emitting component and receiving the reflected light beam responding to the second light beam by using a second light receiving component arranged at a position corresponding to the second light emitting component; the light emitting surface of the first light emitting component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, and the light receiving surface of the first light receiving component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the first light beam uniformly irradiates the blood vessel of the neck artery at the first measuring position, and the reflected light beam of the first light beam is uniformly received; the light emitting surface of the second light emitting component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, and the light receiving surface of the second light receiving component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the second light beam uniformly irradiates the blood vessel of the neck artery at the second measuring position, and the reflected light beam of the second light beam is uniformly received;
s3, continuously collecting sensing data containing blood flow information in the blood vessel of the carotid artery in the reflected light beam;
s4, determining pulse wave data of the cervical artery in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process in real time according to the sensing data;
s5, continuously determining at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal pressing according to the pulse wave data in real time, and generating and outputting a corresponding alarm indication according to the at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal pressing.
According to the embodiment of the application, on one hand, the measured pulse wave data is applied to the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process to indicate the abnormality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation pressing in real time and generate an alarm to indicate the pressing effect in real time, so that a basis for judging whether the implementation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is reasonable or not is provided for a rescuer in real time, and the accuracy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation implementation is improved. On the other hand, the wearable cervical blood flow analysis device is worn on the neck of a user, so that cervical blood flow can be measured in real time in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process, and pulse wave measurement is realized by using a photoelectric sensor with relatively low cost, so that the system has the advantages of low cost and simplified structure, and is convenient for miniaturization and cervical wearing, thereby realizing wider cardiopulmonary resuscitation application.
Further, the step S4 includes:
s41, continuously determining a first moment and a second moment of transmitting the same pulse wave to corresponding pulse starting points at a first measurement position and a second measurement position respectively in real time according to the first sensing data and the second sensing data; the first sensing data are obtained by the first light receiving component, and the second sensing data are obtained by the second light receiving component;
s42, determining the pulse wave velocity and the pulse rate of the pulse wave according to the time difference of the pulse starting points obtained at the first moment and the second moment.
Further, the step S5 includes:
s51, responding to the Yu Maibo wave speed being smaller than a first speed threshold value, and obtaining a first alarm parameter indicating that the pressing depth is too shallow;
and S52, responding to the fact that the Yu Maibo wave speed is larger than a second speed threshold value, and obtaining a second alarm parameter indicating that the pressing depth is too deep.
Further, the step S5 further includes:
s53, responding to the pulse wave that the pulse rate is smaller than the first pressing frequency threshold value, and obtaining a third alarm parameter indicating that the pressing frequency is too slow;
and S54, responding to the pulse rate of the pulse wave being larger than the second pressing frequency threshold value, and obtaining a fourth alarm parameter indicating that the pressing frequency is too fast.
In the embodiment of the application, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation implementation effect is evaluated in real time through the pulse rate and the pulse wave velocity of the pulse wave, so that the cardiopulmonary resuscitation implementation effect can be better evaluated, and the accuracy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation implementation can be improved.
It should be understood that the above examples are illustrative and are not intended to encompass all possible implementations encompassed by the claims. Various modifications and changes may be made in the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Likewise, the individual features of the above embodiments can also be combined arbitrarily to form further embodiments of the application which may not be explicitly described. Therefore, the above examples merely represent several embodiments of the present application and do not limit the scope of protection of the patent of the present application.
Claims (11)
1. A cardiopulmonary resuscitation effect indication system based on cervical blood flow analysis, the indication system comprising:
the wearable neck blood flow analysis device comprises a sensing part which is worn on the neck of a user and surrounds a cervical artery blood vessel and an analysis part connected with the sensing part; the sensing part is configured to continuously collect sensing data containing blood flow information in a carotid artery blood vessel; the analysis part is configured to determine pulse wave data of the cervical artery in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process in real time according to the sensing data; and
and the pressing effect indicating device is configured to continuously and real-time determine at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal pressing according to the pulse wave data, and generate and output corresponding alarm indication according to the at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal pressing.
2. The indication system of claim 1, wherein the sensing portion comprises a first optical transceiver component and a second optical transceiver component arranged in an array along a direction of blood flow within a carotid artery vessel;
the first light transceiver assembly includes a first light emitting assembly configured to emit a first light beam having a first wavelength toward a cervical arterial vessel at a first measurement location and a first light receiving assembly configured to receive a reflected light beam from the cervical arterial vessel at the first measurement location in response to the first light beam;
the second light transceiver assembly includes a second light emitting assembly configured to emit a second light beam having the first wavelength toward a carotid artery vessel at a second measurement location and a second light receiving assembly configured to receive a reflected light beam from the carotid artery vessel at the second measurement location in response to the second light beam;
the light emitting surface of the first light emitting component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, and the light receiving surface of the first light receiving component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the first light beam uniformly irradiates the blood vessel of the neck artery at the first measuring position, and the reflected light beam of the first light beam is uniformly received;
the light emitting surface of the second light emitting component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, and the light receiving surface of the second light receiving component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the second light beam uniformly irradiates the blood vessel of the neck artery at the second measuring position, and the reflected light beam of the second light beam is uniformly received.
3. The indication system of claim 2, wherein the sensory data comprises first sensory data obtained by the first light receiving component and second sensory data obtained by the second light receiving component; the analysis unit includes:
a pulse start point moment determining unit configured to continuously determine, in real time, a first moment and a second moment of a pulse start point at which the same pulse wave is transmitted to a first measurement position and a second measurement position, respectively, according to the first sensing data and the second sensing data;
and a pulse wave data determining unit configured to determine a pulse wave velocity and a pulse rate of the pulse wave based on a time difference of a pulse start point obtained at the first time and the second time.
4. The indication system of claim 3, wherein the compression effect indication device comprises an alarm parameter determination unit configured to determine, in continuous real-time, at least one alarm parameter indicative of a compression anomaly from the pulse wave data, and an alarm indication generation unit configured to generate and output a corresponding alarm indication from the at least one alarm parameter indicative of a compression anomaly; wherein the alarm parameter determining unit includes:
a first alarm parameter obtaining unit configured to obtain a first alarm parameter indicating that the compression depth is too shallow in response to the pulse wave velocity being smaller than a first velocity threshold;
and a second alarm parameter obtaining unit configured to obtain a second alarm parameter indicating that the compression depth is too deep in response to the pulse wave velocity being greater than a second velocity threshold.
5. The indication system of claim 4, wherein the alarm parameter determination unit further comprises:
a third alarm parameter obtaining unit configured to obtain a third alarm parameter indicating that the compression frequency is too slow in response to the pulse rate of the pulse wave being smaller than a first compression frequency threshold;
and a fourth alarm parameter obtaining unit configured to obtain a fourth alarm parameter indicating that the compression frequency is too fast in response to the pulse rate of the pulse wave being greater than the second compression frequency threshold.
6. The indication system of claim 5, wherein the first light transceiver assembly further comprises a third light emitting assembly and the second light transceiver assembly further comprises a fourth light emitting assembly;
the third light emitting assembly is configured to emit a third light beam having a second wavelength toward a carotid artery vessel at a first measurement location, the first light receiving assembly further configured to receive a reflected light beam from the carotid artery vessel at the first measurement location in response to the third light beam;
the fourth light emitting assembly is configured to emit a fourth light beam having the second wavelength toward a carotid artery vessel at a second measurement location, the second light receiving assembly further configured to receive a reflected light beam from the carotid artery vessel at the second measurement location in response to the fourth light beam;
the light emitting surface of the third light emitting component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the third light beam uniformly irradiates the neck artery blood vessel at the first measuring position and the reflected light beam of the third light beam is uniformly received;
the light emitting surface of the fourth light emitting component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the fourth light beam uniformly irradiates the neck artery blood vessel at the second measuring position and the reflected light beam of the fourth light beam is uniformly received.
7. The indication system of claim 6, wherein the analysis portion further comprises:
and a blood oxygen saturation determination unit configured to continuously determine blood oxygen saturation in real time from the first sensing data and the second sensing data.
8. A cardiopulmonary resuscitation effect indication method based on neck blood flow analysis, characterized in that the indication method comprises the following steps:
transmitting a first light beam having a first wavelength from a first light emitting assembly worn on the neck of the user to the carotid artery vessel at a first measurement location and a second light beam having the first wavelength from a second light emitting assembly worn on the neck of the user to the carotid artery vessel at a second measurement location; the first measuring position and the second measuring position are distributed in sequence along the blood flow direction in the blood vessel of the cervical artery;
receiving a reflected light beam responsive to the first light beam with a first light receiving element disposed at a position corresponding to the first light emitting element and receiving a reflected light beam responsive to the second light beam with a second light receiving element disposed at a position corresponding to the second light emitting element; the light emitting surface of the first light emitting component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, and the light receiving surface of the first light receiving component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the first light beam uniformly irradiates the blood vessel of the neck artery at the first measuring position, and the reflected light beam of the first light beam is uniformly received; the light emitting surface of the second light emitting component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, and the light receiving surface of the second light receiving component is attached to the surface of the neck skin, so that the second light beam uniformly irradiates the blood vessel of the neck artery at the second measuring position, and the reflected light beam of the second light beam is uniformly received;
continuously collecting sensing data containing blood flow information in a carotid artery blood vessel in the reflected light beam;
determining pulse wave data of the cervical artery in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process in real time according to the sensing data;
and continuously determining at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal pressing according to the pulse wave data in real time, and generating and outputting a corresponding alarm indication according to the at least one alarm parameter indicating abnormal pressing.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of determining pulse wave data of the cervical artery during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in real time based on the sensed data comprises:
continuously determining a first moment and a second moment of transmitting the same pulse wave to corresponding pulse starting points at a first measurement position and a second measurement position respectively in real time according to the first sensing data and the second sensing data; the first sensing data are obtained by the first light receiving component, and the second sensing data are obtained by the second light receiving component;
and determining the pulse wave velocity and the pulse rate of the pulse wave according to the time difference of the pulse starting points obtained at the first moment and the second moment.
10. The method of indicating as defined in claim 9, wherein said step of determining, in continuous real-time, at least one alarm parameter indicative of a compressional anomaly from the pulse wave data comprises:
responding to the pulse wave velocity being smaller than a first velocity threshold value, and obtaining a first alarm parameter indicating that the pressing depth is too shallow;
and responding to the pulse wave velocity being larger than a second velocity threshold value, and obtaining a second alarm parameter indicating the excessive compression depth.
11. The method of indicating as defined in claim 10, wherein said step of determining, in continuous real-time, at least one alarm parameter indicative of a compressional anomaly from the pulse wave data further comprises:
responding to the pulse rate of the pulse wave being smaller than a first pressing frequency threshold value, and obtaining a third alarm parameter indicating that the pressing frequency is too slow;
and responding to the pulse rate of the pulse wave being larger than a second pressing frequency threshold value, and obtaining a fourth alarm parameter indicating that the pressing frequency is too fast.
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