CN117007638A - Precious stone identification device, precious stone identification method and application - Google Patents
Precious stone identification device, precious stone identification method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN117007638A CN117007638A CN202310844511.0A CN202310844511A CN117007638A CN 117007638 A CN117007638 A CN 117007638A CN 202310844511 A CN202310844511 A CN 202310844511A CN 117007638 A CN117007638 A CN 117007638A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
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- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010979 ruby Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
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- -1 tansanite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052613 tourmaline Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011032 tourmaline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940070527 tourmaline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/87—Investigating jewels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/041—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure provides a gemstone discriminating device, method and application, relating to the technical field of gemstone detection, the device comprising a housing; a probe; a thermal conductivity detection assembly, the thermal conductivity detection assembly comprising: a heating resistor, an NTC thermistor and two constantan wires; the surface resistivity detection assembly comprises a high-voltage generator, a conducting plate and a resistor, the ultraviolet detection assembly comprises a plurality of light source generators, optical fibers and photoelectric sensors, the light source generators are uniformly distributed at intervals along the periphery of the probe, the photoelectric sensors are arranged in the shell and positioned at the tail end of the probe, the probe is provided with a light guide hole axially distributed along the probe, and the optical fibers are arranged in the light guide hole; the thermal conductivity detection assembly, the surface resistivity detection assembly and the ultraviolet light detection assembly are all electrically connected with the controller. The present disclosure has the effect of enabling distinction between natural diamond and CVD grown diamond, enabling the device to identify a variety of different gemstones.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of gemstone detection, and in particular, to a gemstone discriminating apparatus, method, and application.
Background
Natural precious stones are rare in number and expensive, and therefore some people impersonate high value natural precious stones with precious stones that are similar in appearance but inexpensive. With the development of artificial technology, the market has developed in recent years to synthesize laboratory grown diamond, which is classified into High Pressure & High Temperature (HPHT) or chemical vapor deposition (Chemical Vapor Deposition, CVD) according to the difference of the growing method.
The appearance, the component hardness and the thermal conductivity of the synthesized diamond are very similar to those of natural diamond, and the surface resistivity of most CVD-cultured diamond on the market is almost the same as that of the natural diamond due to the continuous innovation of the CVD culture technology, so that the identification of the natural diamond and the CVD-cultured diamond by utilizing the surface resistivity is more difficult, and the precious stone trade market is greatly plagued.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present disclosure provides gemstone discriminating apparatus, methods and applications to improve the problem of difficulty in discriminating natural diamond from CVD grown diamond.
One aspect of the present disclosure provides a gemstone authentication device, comprising: a housing; the probe is arranged at one end of the shell in a protruding way; the thermal conductivity detects the subassembly, locates in the casing, and the thermal conductivity detects the subassembly and includes: a heating resistor, an NTC thermistor and two constantan wires; the heating resistor is arranged on the probe, the NTC thermistor is attached to the heating resistor, and the two constantan wires are respectively connected to the two ends of the probe and respectively form two pairs of thermocouples with the probe; the surface resistivity detection assembly is arranged in the shell and comprises a high-voltage generator, a conducting plate and a resistor, wherein the high-voltage generator is respectively and electrically connected with a power supply and the conducting plate; the ultraviolet light detection assembly is arranged in the shell and comprises a plurality of light source generators, optical fibers and photoelectric sensors, the light source generators are uniformly distributed at intervals along the periphery of the probe, the photoelectric sensors are arranged in the shell and positioned at the tail end of the probe, the probe is provided with a light guide hole axially distributed along the probe, and the optical fibers are arranged in the light guide hole; and the controller is arranged on the shell, and the thermal conductivity detection assembly, the surface resistivity detection assembly and the ultraviolet light detection assembly are all electrically connected with the controller.
Alternatively, the probe has a diameter of 0.3-5mm and the optical fiber has a diameter of 0.1-4mm.
Optionally, the emitting end of the light source generator is obliquely arranged towards one side close to the probe, and an included angle between the light source generator and the probe is 50-90 degrees.
Optionally, the emitting end of the light source generator is obliquely arranged towards one side close to the probe, and an included angle between the light source generator and the probe is 65-80 degrees.
Optionally, the plurality of light source generators are divided into two groups, the wavelengths of ultraviolet light generated by the two groups of light source generators are different, each group of light source generators is provided with a plurality of light source generators, and the plurality of light source generators in the two groups are staggered.
Optionally, the wavelength of the set of light source generators is 230-300nm; the wavelength of the other group of light source generators is 330-400nm.
Optionally, the wavelength of a group of the light source generators is 255-280nm; the other group of the light source generators has a wavelength of 360-380nm.
Optionally, a set of the light source generators has a wavelength of 270nm; the other set of light source generators has a wavelength of 365nm.
Optionally, the device further comprises a thermal conductivity signal operational amplifier and an optical reflection signal operational amplifier, wherein two ends of the thermal conductivity signal operational amplifier are respectively and electrically connected with the controller and the two pairs of thermal conductivity detection assemblies, and two ends of the optical reflection signal operational amplifier are respectively and electrically connected with the controller and the photoelectric sensor. Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a gemstone authentication method, using the gemstone authentication device described above, comprising:
respectively abutting the probes on a plurality of precious stones to be detected, starting a thermal conductivity detection assembly through a controller, and detecting the thermal conductivity of the plurality of precious stones to be detected to obtain first class results of the plurality of precious stones to be detected;
respectively abutting the probes on a plurality of to-be-detected gemstones in the first class result, starting a surface resistivity detection assembly through a controller, and detecting the surface resistivity of the plurality of to-be-detected gemstones in the first class result to obtain a second class result of the plurality of to-be-detected gemstones in the first class result;
respectively abutting the probes on a plurality of to-be-detected gemstones in the second class result, starting an ultraviolet light detection assembly through the controller, and carrying out ultraviolet light irradiation on the plurality of to-be-detected gemstones in the second class result to obtain a third class result of the plurality of to-be-detected gemstones in the second class result;
and according to the first category result, the second category result and the third category result, obtaining identification results of a plurality of precious stones to be tested.
Yet another aspect of the present disclosure provides a gemstone authentication application employing principles of differing thermal conductivity to apply the gemstone authentication device described above to the detection of precious metal purity.
The above at least one technical solution adopted by the embodiments of the present disclosure at least includes the following beneficial effects:
the natural diamond and the diamond cultivated by CVD can be distinguished by matching the arranged optical fiber, the photoelectric sensor and the light source generator, so that the device can identify a plurality of different gemstones, and the thermal conductivity detection assembly, the surface resistivity detection assembly and the ultraviolet light detection assembly which are respectively adopted cannot interfere with each other in detection, thereby improving the accuracy of gemstone identification;
the light source generator and the optical fiber are integrated on the equipment, so that the equipment has small volume and simple operation, can distinguish various types of precious stones by one-time detection, and improves the precious stone identification efficiency.
Drawings
For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure and the advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an overall structure of a gemstone discriminating apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a functional block diagram of a gemstone authentication device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of the structure at a probe in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a structural schematic of a surface resistivity sensing component in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a layout diagram between a probe, a light source generator, an optical fiber, and a photosensor in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a UV light source power supply circuit diagram in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 schematically illustrates an ultraviolet light source amplification detection circuit diagram in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 8 schematically illustrates a circuit diagram of an ultraviolet light source constant current source in an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 9 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a gemstone authentication method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 10 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a gemstone authentication method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 11 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of an application of a gemstone authentication device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 12 schematically shows a functional block diagram of an application of the gemstone discriminating apparatus according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[ reference numerals description ]
1-a housing; 2-probe; 3-a thermal conductivity detection assembly; 31-heating resistor; a 32-NTC thermistor; 33-constantan wire; 4-a surface resistivity detection component; 41-a high voltage generator; 42-conducting plates; 43-resistance; 5-ultraviolet light detection assembly; 51-a light source generator; 52-an optical fiber; 53-a photosensor; 6-a controller.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and/or the like, as used herein, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.
By using the method for detecting the thermal conductivity of different precious stones and the surface resistivity of different precious stones, precious stones such as diamond, laboratory-grown diamond (HPHT), mosanite (synthetic silicon carbide), sapphire, ruby, emerald, crystal, jadeite, spinel, tourmaline, topaz, tansanite, garnet, cordierite, olivine, quartz, topaz and the like can be detected. Although low surface resistivity laboratory grown diamond (Chemical Vapor Deposition, CVD) with little market availability can also be detected, it is not possible to grow diamond (CVD) for most high surface resistivity laboratory on the market.
When detecting different ultraviolet reflections at different wavelengths by using a gemstone, it is generally possible to detect diamond, laboratory grown diamond (CVD), laboratory grown diamond (HPHT), morganite (synthetic silicon carbide) by using two ultraviolet diodes at 254nm and 365nm. However, since there is no thermal conductivity measurement, low thermal conductivity precious stones such as zircon, colorless sapphire, etc. cause erroneous measurement results, and it is also impossible to distinguish between laboratory grown diamond (CVD) and laboratory grown diamond (HPHT).
Generally, the ultraviolet detection method, the surface resistivity detection method and the thermal conductivity detection method of the precious stone are independently arranged, and different equipment is required to complete detection of the three methods, so that the detection is troublesome in operation and has low accuracy.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a gemstone authentication device.
Fig. 1 schematically shows an overall structure of a gemstone discriminating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1, the gemstone discriminating apparatus may include, for example: a housing 1; a probe 2 protruding from one end of the housing 1; the thermal conductivity detects subassembly 3, locates in casing 1, and thermal conductivity detects subassembly 3 includes: a heating resistor 31, an NTC thermistor 32, and two constantan wires 33; the heating resistor 31 is arranged on the probe 2, the NTC thermistor 32 is attached to the heating resistor 31, and two constantan wires 33 are respectively connected to two ends of the probe 2 and respectively form two pairs of thermocouples with the probe 2; the surface resistivity detection assembly 4 is arranged in the shell 1, the surface resistivity detection assembly 4 comprises a high-voltage generator 41, a conductive plate 42 and a resistor 43, the high-voltage generator 41 is respectively and electrically connected with a power supply and the conductive plate 42, the resistor 43 is arranged between the conductive plate 42 and the high-voltage generator 41 and is respectively and electrically connected with the conductive plate 42 and the high-voltage generator 41, and the conductive plate 42 and the probe 2 can be communicated through a human body and a precious stone to be detected; the ultraviolet light detection assembly 5 is arranged in the shell 1, the ultraviolet light detection assembly 5 comprises a plurality of light source generators 51, optical fibers 52 and photoelectric sensors 53, the light source generators 51 are uniformly distributed at intervals along the periphery of the probe 2, the photoelectric sensors 53 are arranged in the shell 1 and positioned at the tail end of the probe 2, the probe 2 is provided with a light guide hole axially distributed along the probe 2, and the optical fibers 52 are arranged in the light guide hole; and the controller 6 is arranged on the shell 1, and the thermal conductivity detection assembly 3, the surface resistivity detection assembly 4 and the ultraviolet light detection assembly 5 are all electrically connected with the controller 6.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the apparatus further includes a thermal conductivity signal operational amplifier and an optical reflection signal operational amplifier, both ends of the thermal conductivity signal operational amplifier are electrically connected with the controller 6 and the two pairs of thermal conductivity detection assemblies 3, respectively, and both ends of the optical reflection signal operational amplifier are electrically connected with the controller 6 and the photoelectric sensor 53, respectively.
The controller 6 may include a thermal conductivity detection module, a surface resistivity detection module, an AD acquisition module, a single chip microcomputer module, a temperature and humidity sensor detection module, a memory module, an OLED display module, and a buzzer warning module. The AD acquisition module is connected with the singlechip module and is used for converting the amplified signal from analog quantity to digital quantity; the temperature and humidity sensor detection module and the surface resistivity detection module are connected with the singlechip module and are used for collecting the ambient temperature and the relative humidity; the singlechip module is used for data analysis, processing and control, calculates the heat conductivity and the surface resistivity, and records the ultraviolet light reflection condition. The memory module is connected with the singlechip module and is used for storing name data, color data, thermal conductivity value range data, surface resistivity value range data, thermal conductivity derivation formula data, surface resistivity value derivation formula data, ultraviolet wavelength, emission position and relative humidity change of the precious stone to be measured to cause surface resistivity change correction data of the precious stone to be measured.
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a functional block diagram of a gemstone authentication device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 3 schematically shows a schematic structural diagram at a probe in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in some embodiments, a heating resistor 31 is attached to the probe 2; the cold ends of the two constantan wires 33 are respectively welded at the upper end and the lower end of the probe 2, and the cold ends of the two pairs of thermocouples are respectively connected with the positive and negative input ends of the thermal conductivity signal operational amplifier through relays to amplify the analog weak level signals obtained from the thermocouples of the thermal conductivity detection assembly 3. The heating resistor 31 generates heat after the current passes through to provide heat energy, the NTC thermistor 32 feeds back a temperature signal, and the hot end of the thermocouple is contacted with the measured precious stone through the probe 2. One end of the sensor temperature measurement heating control module is connected with the heating resistor 31 and the NTC thermistor 32, and the other end is connected with the singlechip module. The temperature signal fed back from the NTC thermistor 32 is transmitted and a voltage is applied to the heating resistor 31. One end of the thermal conductivity signal operational amplifier is connected with the thermal conductivity detection assembly 3, and the other end of the thermal conductivity signal operational amplifier is connected with the AD acquisition module.
Wherein, still be provided with metal resistance detector in this disclosed embodiment, metal resistance detector holds in the palm and is do not connected with probe and singlechip, in precious stone testing process, if the probe runs into the metal, then produces the suggestion through buzzer warning module. Ensuring the accuracy of the device for detecting the precious stone.
Fig. 4 schematically illustrates a structural schematic of a surface resistivity detection assembly in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, in some embodiments, one end of the high voltage generator 41 is connected to the single chip microcomputer module, and the other end is connected to the conductive plate 42, and the high voltage generator 41 generates a pulse voltage according to a signal sent by the single chip microcomputer module, and after the pulse voltage is boosted by the transmitter, the pulse voltage is matched with the external boosting circuit through the voltage doubling rectifying circuit to generate at least 600V high voltage direct current power supply. The high voltage generated by the high voltage generator 41 passes through the resistor 43, the conductive plate 42, the human body, the diamond to be measured, the probe 2 and the constantan wire 33 to reach the surface resistivity detection module.
FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a layout diagram between a probe, a light source generator, an optical fiber, and a photosensor in an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a UV light source power supply circuit diagram in an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 7 schematically illustrates an ultraviolet light source amplification detection circuit diagram in an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 8 schematically illustrates a circuit diagram of an ultraviolet light source constant current source in an embodiment of the disclosure.
Referring to fig. 2 and 5-8, in some embodiments, the light source generator 51 is electrically connected to the single-chip microcomputer module, and the photosensor 53 is electrically connected to the single-chip microcomputer module at one end and the optical reflection signal op-amp at the other end. The light source generator 51 generates ultraviolet light to reach the surface of the precious stone and reflect or absorb the ultraviolet light, the ultraviolet light reflected by the precious stone is reflected by the optical fiber 52 to generate an optical signal, and the photoelectric sensor 53 detects the optical signal and judges the types of different precious stones according to the reflection or absorption condition of the precious stone on the ultraviolet light.
It should be noted that, the circuit structure in the above embodiment does not limit the ultraviolet light detection assembly 5 in the embodiment of the disclosure, and other chips may be used to replace the chips in the ultraviolet light detection assembly 5 in the embodiment of the disclosure if the corresponding functions of the circuit can be implemented.
With continued reference to fig. 5, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, probe 2 has a diameter of 0.3-5mm and optical fiber 52 has a diameter of 0.1-4mm.
For example, probe 2 has a diameter of 0.3mm and optical fiber 52 has a diameter of 0.1mm; the diameter of the probe 2 is 5mm and the diameter of the optical fiber 52 is 4mm. When the diameter of the probe 2 is 0.8mm, the diameter of the optical fiber 52 is 0.24mm; when the diameter of the probe 2 is 1.3mm, the diameter of the optical fiber 52 is 0.71mm.
With continued reference to fig. 5, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of light source generators 51 are divided into two groups, the two groups of light source generators 51 generating ultraviolet light at different wavelengths, each group of light source generators 51 having a plurality of light source generators 51, the plurality of light source generators 51 in the two groups being staggered.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the wavelength of the set of light source generators 51 is 255-280nm; the wavelength of the other set of light source generators 51 is 360-380nm.
In some embodiments, the ultraviolet light generated by the set of light source generators 51 has a wavelength of 255-280nm; the wavelength of the ultraviolet light generated by the other set of light source generators 51 is 360-380nm. For example, one set of light source generators 51 produces ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 270nm and the other set of light source generators 51 produces ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 365nm.
With continued reference to fig. 5, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the emitting end of the light source generator 51 is disposed obliquely to a side close to the probe 2, and an included angle between the light source generator 51 and the probe 2 is 50-90 degrees.
In some embodiments, the emitting end of the light source generator 51 is arranged obliquely to the side close to the probe 2, and the included angle between the light source generator 51 and the probe 2 is 65-80 degrees.
Specifically, the emitting end of the light source generator 51 is disposed obliquely downward toward the side close to the probe 2. And the angle θ between the center line of the light emitted from the light source generator 51 and the center axis of the optical fiber 52 is 50-90 degrees. The included angle θ may be 65 degrees or 80 degrees.
With continued reference to fig. 5, in some embodiments, the distance d between the light source face on which the light source generator 51 is located and the measurement face on which the probe 2 is located is 5-30mm.
For example, d may be 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 25mm or 30mm.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the disclosure also provides a gemstone authentication method.
Fig. 9 schematically shows a flowchart of a gemstone authentication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 9, the gemstone authentication method performs authentication using the gemstone authentication device described above, and may include operations S110 to S140, for example.
In operation S110, the probes 2 are respectively abutted against the plurality of precious stones to be measured, and the thermal conductivity detection assembly 3 is started by the controller 6 to detect the thermal conductivities of the plurality of precious stones to be measured, so as to obtain a first class result of the plurality of precious stones to be measured.
In operation S120, the probes 2 are respectively abutted against the plurality of precious stones to be measured in the first class result, and the controller 6 starts the surface resistivity detection assembly 4 to detect the surface resistivity of the plurality of precious stones to be measured in the first class result, so as to obtain a second class result of the plurality of precious stones to be measured in the first class result.
In operation S130, the probes 2 are respectively abutted against the plurality of precious stones to be measured in the second class result, and the controller 6 is used to activate the ultraviolet light detection assembly 5 to perform ultraviolet light irradiation on the plurality of precious stones to be measured in the second class result, so as to obtain a third class result of the plurality of precious stones to be measured in the second class result.
In operation S140, the discrimination results of the plurality of gemstones to be measured are obtained according to the first class result, the second class result and the third class result.
Wherein the wavelength of the light source generator 51 in the ultraviolet light detection assembly 5 is 270nm.
In some embodiments, during detection, the heating resistor 31 is started to heat the probe 2, the thermal conductivity detection module prompts to detect when the temperature detected by the NTC thermistor 32 reaches the threshold temperature, the probe 2 is contacted with the precious stone to be detected, the thermocouple starts to output signals, the signals are simultaneously collected in time when the signal value is larger than the set thermal conductivity threshold value, and the thermal conductivity of the precious stone to be detected is obtained after the thermal couple temperature is generated in unit time under the unit temperature. And comparing the measured thermal conductivity of the precious stone with preset thermal conductivity thresholds of different precious stones in a database of the storage module to obtain a first class result. I.e., below a predetermined thermal conductivity threshold, only colored precious stones, and above a predetermined thermal conductivity threshold, only high thermal conductivity diamonds, laboratory grown diamonds, and morsels.
And then activating the surface resistivity detection component 4, measuring the high-voltage source voltage, measuring the feedback voltage after the high voltage passes through the precious stone, and calculating the surface resistivity of the precious stone surface to be detected. And comparing the calculated surface resistivity with preset surface resistivity thresholds of diamond, laboratory-cultured diamond and morganite in a database of the storage module, wherein the first group is marked if the high surface resistivity is only diamond or CVD, and the second group is marked if the low surface resistivity is only HPHT or morganite. Thereby obtaining a second class result.
And detecting the two groups of second category results through the ultraviolet light detection component 5. After irradiation of the diamonds or CVD in the first set with activating ultraviolet (270 nm), if the photosensor 53 detects no reflection, it is a diamond; if the photosensor 53 detects reflection, it is CVD. After activating the ultraviolet irradiation, HPHT or morselite in the second group is HPHT if the photosensor 53 detects reflection; if the photosensor 53 detects no reflection, it is morganite, resulting in a third category of results. And distinguishing the precious stones to be measured according to the first category result, the second category result and the third category result. Multiple precious stones can be distinguished through one device, and the operation is convenient.
Specifically, the precious stone has been thermally tested and reached a high thermal conductivity threshold, so that only four precious stones are known, diamond, laboratory grown diamond (CVD), laboratory grown diamond (HPHT), mozzarella (synthetic silicon carbide), respectively. The surface resistivity was then measured and divided into two types, low surface resistivity being laboratory grown diamond (HPHT) and mozzarella (synthetic silicon carbide), and high surface resistivity being diamond and laboratory grown diamond (CVD). Finally, they were detected by reflection of 270nm ultraviolet light, respectively, and the diamond and morselite (synthetic silicon carbide) ultraviolet light were absorbed. (whereas laboratory grown diamond (CVD), laboratory grown diamond (HPHT) ultraviolet light is reflected and photosensor 53 receives the reflected light signal from fiber 52. Based on this result, identification was made that high surface resistivity and ultraviolet light absorption was diamond, high surface resistivity and ultraviolet light reflection was laboratory grown diamond (CVD), low surface resistivity and ultraviolet light reflection laboratory grown diamond (HPHT), low surface resistivity and ultraviolet light absorption morsium (synthetic silicon carbide).
FIG. 10 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a gemstone authentication method provided in another embodiment of the present disclosure
The embodiment of fig. 10 differs from the embodiment of fig. 9 in that the gemstone discriminating apparatus is: in fig. 9, 270nm ultraviolet wavelength detection in the thermal conductivity detection component 3, the surface resistivity detection component 4 and the ultraviolet light detection component 5 is adopted; in fig. 10, the thermal conductivity detection module 3 and the ultraviolet light detection module 5 are respectively used for detection at 270nm ultraviolet wavelength and 365nm ultraviolet wavelength, and the surface resistivity detection module 4 is not used.
Referring to fig. 10, the gemstone authentication method performs authentication using the gemstone authentication device described above, and may include operations S210 to S230, for example.
In operation S210, the probes 2 are respectively abutted against the plurality of precious stones to be measured, and the thermal conductivity detection assembly 3 is started by the controller 6 to detect the thermal conductivities of the plurality of precious stones to be measured, so as to obtain a first class result of the plurality of precious stones to be measured.
In operation S220, the probes 2 are respectively abutted against the plurality of precious stones to be measured in the first class result, the ultraviolet light detection assembly 5 is started by the controller 6, the two sets of light source generators 51 are started, the wavelengths of ultraviolet light generated by the light source generators 51 in the two sets of ultraviolet light detection assembly 5 are 270nm and 365nm respectively, and the plurality of precious stones to be measured in the first class result are respectively irradiated with ultraviolet light of two wavelengths, so that a fourth class result of the plurality of precious stones to be measured in the first class result is obtained.
The first wavelength light source is turned on firstly, after detection is completed, the first wavelength light source is turned off, and then the second wavelength light source is turned on for detection, wherein the time for two detection is about 1s.
In operation S230, according to the first class result and the fourth class result, discrimination results of the plurality of precious stones to be measured are obtained.
In some embodiments, during detection, the heating resistor 31 is started to heat the probe 2, the thermal conductivity detection module prompts to detect when the temperature detected by the NTC thermistor 32 reaches the threshold temperature, the probe 2 is contacted with the precious stone to be detected, the thermocouple starts to output signals, the signals are simultaneously collected in time when the signal value is larger than the set thermal conductivity threshold value, and the thermal conductivity of the precious stone to be detected is obtained after the thermal couple temperature is generated in unit time under the unit temperature. And comparing the measured thermal conductivity of the precious stone with preset thermal conductivity thresholds of different precious stones in a database of the storage module to obtain a first class result. I.e., below a predetermined thermal conductivity threshold, only colored precious stones, and above a predetermined thermal conductivity threshold, only high thermal conductivity diamonds, laboratory grown diamonds, and morsels.
The obtained first category results are detected by the ultraviolet light detection assembly 5, respectively. Diamond, CVD, HPHT and morselite were irradiated at ultraviolet 270nm and 365nm, respectively.
If the photosensor 53 detects reflection at 365nm, the photosensor 53 detects no reflection at 270nm, and is diamond.
If the photosensor 53 detects reflection at both 270nm and 365nm wavelengths, it is the incubation of diamond HPHT or CVD.
If no reflection is detected by the photosensor 53 at both 270nm and 365nm wavelengths, it is morse stone.
Specifically, the precious stone has been thermally tested and reached a high thermal conductivity threshold, so that only four precious stones are known, diamond, laboratory grown diamond (CVD), laboratory grown diamond (HPHT), mozzarella (synthetic silicon carbide), respectively. They were detected by reflection of ultraviolet light at wavelengths of 270nm and 365nm, respectively. There is reflection at 365nm and no reflection at 270nm is diamond. Reflection was detected at both 270nm and 365nm wavelengths, which was either incubation of diamond HPHT or CVD. No reflection was detected at both 270nm and 365nm wavelengths, being morganite.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an application of the gemstone discriminating apparatus.
The precious metal purity is detected by the precious metal identification device by adopting the principle of different heat conductivity coefficients. Such as gold, silver, rhodium, palladium, iridium, platinum, osmium, ruthenium, indium, francium, and the like. Wherein, increase metal resistance detector on the basis of above-mentioned precious stone identification means, metal resistance detector is connected with probe and singlechip respectively. And the probe is made of copper material.
For good electrical conductors, the flow of free electrons can move heat from a high temperature region to a low temperature region rapidly when there is a temperature difference, and when the metal contains impurities, such as an alloy, the thermal conductivity will also decrease greatly due to the reduced concentration of free electrons; the heat conductivity of the alloy is lower than that of any component metal in the alloy.
The purity of the metal has a great influence on the thermal conductivity, and table 1 below is the thermal conductivity at 20 c for copper of different purities.
TABLE 1
It is apparent from table 1 that as the copper content decreases, the other alloys increase in content and the thermal conductivity decreases significantly. The disclosed embodiments are just utilizing the principles described above to detect metals of different purities.
Fig. 11 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of an application of the gemstone discriminating apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 11, the thermal conductivity, designated λ, reflects the thermal conductivity of a substance, defined as the amount of heat transferred per unit time through a unit thermal conduction surface per unit temperature gradient (1K temperature decrease over a length of 1 m).
E/t＝λA(θ 2 -θ 1 )/ι
Wherein E is the energy transferred during time t, A is the cross-sectional area, iota is the length, θ 2 And theta 1 The temperatures of the two sections represent the temperature gradient.
Since the probe length iota is the same and the heat conduction sectional area A is the same, the calculation formula is:
λ＝E/[t(θ 2 -θ 1 )]
fig. 12 schematically shows a functional block diagram of an application of the gemstone discriminating apparatus according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 12, a method for detecting purity of precious metal using the above-described gemstone discriminating apparatus includes operation S310.
In operation S310, the probes 2 are respectively abutted against the plurality of metals to be measured, and the thermal conductivity detection assembly 3 is started by the controller 6 to detect the thermal conductivities of the plurality of metals to be measured, so as to obtain the first detection results of the plurality of precious stones to be measured.
Specifically, the singlechip collects the temperature of the thermal conductivity detection module to reach the temperature threshold range of the probe and enter a state to be seen, after the probe is contacted with metal to be detected, the metal resistance module judges that the metal is detected, the thermocouple starts to output signals, when the signal value is larger than the set thermal conductivity threshold value 1, timing is started, meanwhile, signals are collected, the thermal potential is generated after the temperature of the thermocouple is lost in unit time at unit temperature, and the thermal conductivity of the metal to be detected (namely, a first detection result) is obtained.
Because the probe is heated at a higher temperature, the temperature of the metal is lower at room temperature, a temperature gradient is formed, heat energy is transferred from a high-temperature object to a low-temperature object, and the thermoelectric power is generated after the thermoelectric power loss temperature in unit time under the unit temperature gradient is detected. And reading the temperature of the NTC thermistor on the probe of the thermal conductivity detection module by using a singlechip, and controlling the voltage applied to the heating resistor on the probe to realize the real-time acquisition and control of the temperature of the probe, thereby obtaining the theta 1 in the deduction formula of the thermal conductivity coefficient. Reading data of another temperature and humidity sensor by using a singlechip to obtain the environmental temperature (measured metal temperature) of a user and obtain a heat conductivity coefficient deduction formula theta 2 . The analog voltage value is output by the thermocouple on the probe of the thermal conductivity detection module through the operational amplifier by reading the 12-bit AD of the singlechip, and the analog quantity is converted into the digital quantity for processing, so that the resolution ratio is improved. When the analog voltage value output by the thermocouple on the probe on the read metal thermal conductivity detection module through the operational amplification reaches a threshold value (the detection is started at one time), timing and acquisition are started, the time and the voltage value are recorded, the thermal conductivity coefficient deduction formulas t and E are obtained, and the theta is acquired according to the acquisition 1 、θ 2 And t and E, the formula λ=e/[ t (θ 2 -θ 1 )]And calculating the heat conductivity coefficient (metal heat conductivity) of the measured metal, comparing the heat conductivity coefficient with the heat conductivity coefficient threshold values of different purities of different metals preset in a database of the storage module, giving out an identification result, and displaying the identification result.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, either permanently connected, removably connected, or integrally formed therewith; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may communicate with each other; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "length," "circumferential," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the subsystem or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Like elements are denoted by like or similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. Conventional structures or constructions will be omitted when they may cause confusion in the understanding of the invention. And the shape, size and position relation of each component in the figure do not reflect the actual size, proportion and actual position relation. In addition, in the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.
Similarly, in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various disclosed aspects. The description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (10)
1. A gemstone authentication device, comprising:
a housing (1);
a probe (2) protruding from one end of the housing (1);
a thermal conductivity detection assembly (3) disposed in the housing (1), the thermal conductivity detection assembly (3) comprising: a heating resistor (31), an NTC thermistor (32) and two constantan wires (33); the heating resistor (31) is arranged on the probe (2), the NTC thermistor (32) is attached to the heating resistor (31), and the two constantan wires (33) are respectively connected to two ends of the probe (2) and form two pairs of thermocouples with the probe (2);
the surface resistivity detection assembly (4) is arranged in the shell (1), the surface resistivity detection assembly (4) comprises a high-voltage generator (41), a conductive plate (42) and a resistor (43), the high-voltage generator (41) is respectively and electrically connected with a power supply and the conductive plate (42), the resistor (43) is arranged between the conductive plate (42) and the high-voltage generator (41) and is respectively and electrically connected with the conductive plate (42) and the high-voltage generator (41), and the conductive plate (42) and the probe (2) can be communicated through a human body and a precious stone to be detected;
the ultraviolet light detection assembly (5) is arranged in the shell (1), the ultraviolet light detection assembly (5) comprises a plurality of light source generators (51), optical fibers (52) and photoelectric sensors (53), the light source generators (51) are uniformly distributed at intervals along the periphery of the probe (2), the photoelectric sensors (53) are arranged in the shell (1) and are positioned at the tail end of the probe (2), a light guide hole axially distributed along the probe (2) is formed in the probe (2), and the optical fibers (52) are arranged in the light guide hole;
and the controller (6) is arranged on the shell (1), and the thermal conductivity detection assembly (3), the surface resistivity detection assembly (4) and the ultraviolet light detection assembly (5) are electrically connected with the controller (6).
2. A gemstone discriminating device according to claim 1, wherein the probe (2) has a diameter of 0.3-5mm and the optical fiber (52) has a diameter of 0.1-4mm.
3. A gemstone discriminating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the emitting end of the light source generator (51) is arranged obliquely to the side close to the probe (2), the angle between the light source generator (51) and the probe (2) being 50-90 degrees.
4. A gemstone discriminating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the emitting end of the light source generator (51) is arranged obliquely to the side close to the probe (2), the angle between the light source generator (51) and the probe (2) being 65-80 degrees.
5. A gemstone discriminating device according to claim 1 wherein a plurality of said light source generators (51) are divided into two groups, the wavelength of ultraviolet light generated by said light source generators (51) of each group being different, each of said light source generators (51) of each group having a plurality, and a plurality of said light source generators (51) of each group being staggered.
6. A gemstone discriminating device according to claim 1, wherein a group of said light source generators (51) have a wavelength of 230-300nm; the other set of light source generators (51) has a wavelength of 330-400nm.
7. A gemstone discriminating device according to claim 6, wherein a wavelength of a group of said light source generators (51) is 270nm; the other set of light source generators (51) has a wavelength of 365nm.
8. The gemstone discriminating device according to claim 1, further comprising a thermally conductive signal op-amp and an optical reflection signal op-amp, wherein both ends of the thermally conductive signal op-amp are electrically connected to the controller (6) and the two pairs of thermal conductivity detection assemblies (3), respectively, and both ends of the optical reflection signal op-amp are electrically connected to the controller (6) and the photoelectric sensor (53), respectively.
9. A gemstone authentication method using a gemstone authentication device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
the probes (2) are respectively abutted against a plurality of precious stones to be detected, the thermal conductivity detection assembly (3) is started through the controller (6), and the thermal conductivity of the plurality of precious stones to be detected is detected to obtain first class results of the plurality of precious stones to be detected;
the probes (2) are respectively abutted against a plurality of gemstones to be detected in the first class results, the surface resistivity detection assembly (4) is started by the controller (6), and the detection of the surface resistivity of the plurality of gemstones to be detected in the first class results is carried out to obtain second class results of the plurality of gemstones to be detected in the first class results;
respectively abutting the probes (2) on a plurality of to-be-detected gemstones in the second class result, starting an ultraviolet light detection assembly (5) through the controller (6), and carrying out ultraviolet light irradiation on the plurality of to-be-detected gemstones in the second class result to obtain a third class result of the plurality of to-be-detected gemstones in the second class result;
and obtaining the identification results of the multiple gemstones to be detected according to the first category result, the second category result and the third category result.
10. Use of a gemstone discriminating device according to any of claims 1-8 for precious metal purity detection using the principle of different thermal conductivity.
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| CN117405616A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-16 | 珠宝玉石首饰国检集团深圳研究所有限公司 | Handheld colorless precious stone measuring device and measuring method |
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| CN117405616A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-16 | 珠宝玉石首饰国检集团深圳研究所有限公司 | Handheld colorless precious stone measuring device and measuring method |
| CN117405616B (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-04-09 | 珠宝玉石首饰国检集团深圳研究所有限公司 | Handheld colorless precious stone measuring device and measuring method |
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