CN117007262A - Method for testing model of brake disc of passenger car - Google Patents
Method for testing model of brake disc of passenger car Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117007262A CN117007262A CN202310926331.7A CN202310926331A CN117007262A CN 117007262 A CN117007262 A CN 117007262A CN 202310926331 A CN202310926331 A CN 202310926331A CN 117007262 A CN117007262 A CN 117007262A
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- brake disc
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005316 response function Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/027—Specimen mounting arrangements, e.g. table head adapters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/025—Measuring arrangements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and particularly relates to a method for testing a model of a brake disc of a passenger car. The method comprises the following steps: step one, preparing a sample; step two, selecting excitation points and measurement points; step three, performing a test; and step four, processing the test data. According to the invention, the vibration response signal is measured by using the three-way vibration acceleration sensor, and based on the principle of Maxwell reciprocity, the influence of additional mass is reduced, and meanwhile, the operation is more flexible, and the test efficiency and accuracy are improved; the invention can accurately acquire the inherent frequencies and the modal patterns of each order of the brake disc under the condition that the parameters of the brake disc model are unknown, and can also verify the accuracy of the finite element model.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and particularly relates to a method for testing a model of a brake disc of a passenger car.
Background
The brake disc is one of important components of the disc brake of the automobile, and when the natural frequency of the brake disc is consistent with or similar to the natural frequency of other parts (mainly including a brake caliper, a friction plate, a connecting bracket and the like) on the other parts of the brake in the braking process of the automobile, resonance can be generated to cause the problem of brake squeal, and at present, no documents and patents related to the state test of the brake disc exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a model test method for a brake disc of a passenger car, which can accurately acquire the inherent frequencies and the modal patterns of each order of the brake disc under the condition that parameters of the brake disc model are unknown, and can also verify the accuracy of a finite element model.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows in combination with the accompanying drawings:
a passenger car brake disc mode test method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a sample;
step two, selecting excitation points and measurement points;
step three, performing a test;
and step four, processing the test data.
Further, the specific method of the first step is as follows:
suspending the brake disc by using an elastic rope, simulating a 'free-free' boundary condition, and ensuring that the brake disc is not damaged and rusted; the test system is prepared.
Further, the test system comprises a force hammer, a three-way vibration acceleration sensor and test software.
Further, the specific method of the second step is as follows:
a plurality of excitation points are arranged along the circumferential direction of the brake disc;
and arranging measuring points along the circumferential direction within a range of 1cm from the excitation point, and pasting a three-way vibration acceleration sensor.
Further, 16 excitation points are uniformly arranged on the outer ring of the brake disc; and 8 or 12 excitation points are uniformly arranged on the inner ring of the brake disc along the circumferential direction according to requirements.
Further, the specific method of the third step is as follows:
the force hammer is used for knocking the measuring points along the normal direction of the disc surface of the brake disc, the radial knocking positions of the outermost ring and the inner ring need to be knocked along the radial direction of the brake disc after the knocking is completed, then the force hammer is sequentially moved to finish the measurement of all measuring points, and the force channels are uniform in the knocking process.
Further, each measurement point was tapped 5 times.
Further, the frequency range is analyzed: 0-8000 Hz.
Further, the specific method of the fourth step is as follows:
carrying out Fourier transformation on vibration data acquired by each measuring point to obtain a frequency response function curve in the range of 0-8000Hz, wherein the unit is g/N; and then, calculating according to a least square complex frequency domain method to obtain the modal frequencies and the modal array types of each order of the brake disc.
Further, the frequency resolution is 0.5Hz.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) According to the invention, the mode frequency of each order of the brake disc can be accurately obtained through the force hammer, the three-way vibration acceleration sensor and the test related software and hardware, the operation method is simple and easy to operate, and the test efficiency is high;
2) The invention adopts a method of fixing the sensor and moving the power hammer, reduces the arrangement quantity of the sensors, not only improves the test efficiency, but also reduces the influence of additional quality to a certain extent;
3) The invention can accurately acquire the inherent frequencies and the modal patterns of each order of the brake disc under the condition that the parameters of the brake disc model are unknown, and can also verify the accuracy of the finite element model.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an excitation point and measurement point arrangement;
FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of a brake disc frequency response function.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a modal matrix with modal order of 1, modal frequency of 655.1Hz and modal damping ratio of 0.11;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a modal matrix with modal order of 2, modal frequency of 659.2Hz and modal damping ratio of 0.12;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a modal matrix with a modal order of 3, a modal frequency of 1166.5Hz, and a modal damping ratio of 0.71;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a modal matrix with modal order of 4, modal frequency of 1493.2Hz and modal damping ratio of 0.17.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween.
Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are orientation or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for testing the mode of a brake disc of a passenger car, which is not only suitable for testing the brake disc of the passenger car, but also suitable for testing the mode of the brake disc of a commercial car, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a sample, wherein the specific method is as follows:
the brake disc is suspended by a softer elastic rope, and the boundary condition of 'free-free' is simulated, so that the brake disc is ensured to be rusted without damage. The required test system comprises a force hammer, a three-way vibration acceleration sensor and related software and hardware equipment.
Step two, selecting excitation points and measurement points, wherein the specific method is as follows:
in order to accurately identify each order frequency and array type of the brake disc, excitation points are arranged along the circumferential direction of the brake disc. The outer ring of the brake disc is uniformly provided with 16 excitation points (namely, each excitation point is spaced by 22.5 degrees), the inner ring can be uniformly provided with 8 or 12 excitation points (namely, each measurement point is spaced by 45 degrees or 30 degrees) along the circumferential direction according to requirements, and the positions of the excitation points are shown as dark green points in fig. 1. Measurement points are arranged in the circumferential direction within 1cm from the excitation point 1 and a three-way vibration acceleration sensor is attached, as shown by dots in fig. 2.
Step three, performing a test, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
based on Maxwell reciprocity principle, the force hammer is used to strike along the normal direction of the disc surface of the brake disc (the outer ring and the inner ring can strike the radial position and need to strike along the radial direction of the brake disc after the striking method is finished), each measuring point is struck for 5 times, then the force hammer is sequentially moved to finish the measurement of all measuring points, double striking is avoided when force channels are even in the striking process, and the frequency range is analyzed: 0-8000 Hz.
Step four, processing test data, wherein the specific method is as follows:
carrying out Fourier transform on vibration data acquired by each measuring point, wherein the frequency resolution is 0.5Hz, and obtaining a frequency response function curve in the range of 0-8000Hz, and the unit is g/N; and calculating according to a least square complex frequency domain method to obtain the modal frequencies and the modal array types of each order of the brake disc.
Example two
And (3) completing the modal test of a certain passenger car brake disc according to the test steps, performing fast Fourier transform on the excitation signal and the vibration response signal, obtaining a frequency response function curve of the brake disc after calculation, and calculating to obtain each-order modal frequency and modal array type of the brake disc within the frequency range of 0-8000Hz through a least square complex frequency domain method as shown in figure 3. Modal frequencies in the 1500Hz frequency range of the brake disc are shown in table 1; the mode shapes are shown in fig. 4, 5, 6 and 7.
Table 1 brake disc modal frequencies
In summary, the vibration response signal is measured by using the three-way vibration acceleration sensor, and based on the principle of Maxwell reciprocity, the influence of additional mass is reduced, the operation is more flexible, and the test efficiency and accuracy are improved; the invention can accurately identify the modal frequencies of each order of the brake disc and the modal array types of each order.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, any person skilled in the art may apply equivalent substitutions or alterations to the technical solution according to the present invention and the inventive concept thereof within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and these simple modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.
Moreover, any combination of the various embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which should also be considered as disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The method for testing the model of the brake disc of the passenger car is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, preparing a sample;
step two, selecting excitation points and measurement points;
step three, performing a test;
and step four, processing the test data.
2. The method for testing the model of the brake disc of the passenger car according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of the step one is as follows:
suspending the brake disc by using an elastic rope, simulating a 'free-free' boundary condition, and ensuring that the brake disc is not damaged and rusted; the test system is prepared.
3. A method for testing the mode of a brake disc of a passenger car according to claim 1, wherein the test system comprises a force hammer, a three-way vibration acceleration sensor and software for testing.
4. The method for testing the model of the brake disc of the passenger car according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of the second step is as follows:
a plurality of excitation points are arranged along the circumferential direction of the brake disc;
and arranging measuring points along the circumferential direction within a range of 1cm from the excitation point, and pasting a three-way vibration acceleration sensor.
5. The method for testing the model of the brake disc of the passenger car according to claim 4, wherein 16 excitation points are uniformly arranged on the outer ring of the brake disc; and 8 or 12 excitation points are uniformly arranged on the inner ring of the brake disc along the circumferential direction according to requirements.
6. The method for testing the model of the brake disc of the passenger car according to claim 1, wherein the specific method in the third step is as follows:
the force hammer is used for knocking the measuring points along the normal direction of the disc surface of the brake disc, the radial knocking positions of the outermost ring and the inner ring need to be knocked along the radial direction of the brake disc after the knocking is completed, then the force hammer is sequentially moved to finish the measurement of all measuring points, and the force channels are uniform in the knocking process.
7. A method of testing the state of a brake disc of a passenger car according to claim 6, wherein each measuring point is tapped 5 times.
8. A method for testing the mode of a brake disc of a passenger car according to claim 6, wherein the frequency range is analyzed: 0-8000 Hz.
9. The method for testing the model of the brake disc of the passenger car according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of the fourth step is as follows:
carrying out Fourier transformation on vibration data acquired by each measuring point to obtain a frequency response function curve in the range of 0-8000Hz, wherein the unit is g/N; and then, calculating according to a least square complex frequency domain method to obtain the modal frequencies and the modal array types of each order of the brake disc.
10. A method for testing the mode of a brake disc of a passenger car according to claim 9, wherein the frequency resolution is 0.5Hz.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310926331.7A CN117007262A (en) | 2023-07-26 | 2023-07-26 | Method for testing model of brake disc of passenger car |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310926331.7A CN117007262A (en) | 2023-07-26 | 2023-07-26 | Method for testing model of brake disc of passenger car |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117007262A true CN117007262A (en) | 2023-11-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310926331.7A Pending CN117007262A (en) | 2023-07-26 | 2023-07-26 | Method for testing model of brake disc of passenger car |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117007262A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-07-26 CN CN202310926331.7A patent/CN117007262A/en active Pending
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