CN117005831A - Full-linkage internal directional perforator - Google Patents

Full-linkage internal directional perforator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117005831A
CN117005831A CN202311177080.3A CN202311177080A CN117005831A CN 117005831 A CN117005831 A CN 117005831A CN 202311177080 A CN202311177080 A CN 202311177080A CN 117005831 A CN117005831 A CN 117005831A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
full
pipe
centralizing
linkage
guide sleeve
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Pending
Application number
CN202311177080.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
禹栽星
刘春芳
王秀荣
雍广州
张国杰
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Daqing Zhongke Laser Completion Technology Service Co ltd
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Daqing Zhongke Laser Completion Technology Service Co ltd
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Application filed by Daqing Zhongke Laser Completion Technology Service Co ltd filed Critical Daqing Zhongke Laser Completion Technology Service Co ltd
Priority to CN202311177080.3A priority Critical patent/CN117005831A/en
Publication of CN117005831A publication Critical patent/CN117005831A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/116Gun or shaped-charge perforators
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/119Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of oilfield production equipment, and particularly relates to a full-linkage internal directional perforator, which comprises a full-linkage middle joint, a bullet rack, a perforating gun body and a bearing assembly; the full-linkage middle joint consists of a full-linkage middle joint main body, a centralizing body connecting guide sleeve, a connecting guide sleeve baffle ring, a deep groove ball bearing and sliding balls, wherein the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve consists of a guide sleeve main body, a guide key and an assembly screw; the spring frame comprises an upper centralizing pipe, a spring frame pipe, a middle supporting component, two positioning disks, a lower centralizing pipe and a balancing weight, wherein the lower centralizing pipe comprises a lower centralizing pipe main body and a lower centralizing pipe guide body. The lower centralizing pipe guide body and the main body are assembled into a lower centralizing pipe, the lower centralizing pipe and the upper centralizing pipe are respectively arranged on two positioning disks, and the two positioning disks are respectively arranged at two ends of the bullet rack pipe through screws. The full-linkage internal directional perforator can correct individual perforating guns with directional deviation in azimuth and orientation through the linkage of the whole perforating string, and ensures accurate construction of azimuth and angle perforation.

Description

Full-linkage internal directional perforator
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oilfield production equipment, and particularly relates to a full-linkage internal directional perforator.
Background
Because the oil field is exploited by water injection for many years, the reservoir of the residual oil in the stratum is highly dispersed, and most of the reservoir conditions are thin poor oil reservoirs and the reservoirs are not concentrated, and abundant oil and gas reservoirs exist at the edges of some faults, so that the recoverable amount of the special oil and gas is greatly reduced after ordinary perforation completion. In recent years, by utilizing a high-inclination drilling technology and a fixed-azimuth fixed-angle perforation completion technology, the special oil gas exploitation aiming at reservoir azimuth and parallel to reservoir perforation enables oil gas storage of residual reservoirs such as thin-differential oil reservoirs, fault edges and the like and reservoir unconcentration to be deeply dug, and a better recovery effect is achieved. In the directional perforation technique, the internal directional perforation is realized by controlling the rotation of a perforating gun carrier by gravity, and the rotatable gun carrier of each column of perforating gun is an independent directional unit. Because the perforating reservoir condition is complex, faults exist in perforating charges mounted on a charge frame in an individual perforating gun, so that uneven distribution of the charges on the whole charge frame can be caused, the gravity center is asymmetric, and the gravity center of the counterweight is shifted. In addition, the flexibility of the rotation of the bullet rack is affected by the factors of the processing quality, the assembly quality and the like of the whole perforating equipment, and the phenomenon of deviation of the gravity center of the counterweight of the bullet rack can be caused. Once these conditions occur, the problematic perforating gun will be misaligned, resulting in a perforation quality accident for the localized reservoir.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a full-linkage internal directional perforator. The full-linkage internal directional perforator can correct individual perforating guns with directional deviation in azimuth and orientation through the linkage of the whole perforating string, and ensures accurate construction of azimuth and angle perforation.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that: a full-linkage internal directional perforator comprising a full-linkage center joint, a bullet holder, a perforating gun body and a bearing assembly; the full-linkage middle joint consists of a full-linkage middle joint main body, a centralizing body connecting guide sleeve, a connecting guide sleeve baffle ring, a deep groove ball bearing and sliding balls, wherein the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve consists of a guide sleeve main body, a guide key and an assembly screw; the elastic frame consists of an upper centralizing pipe, an elastic frame pipe, a middle supporting component, two positioning disks, a lower centralizing pipe and a balancing weight, wherein the lower centralizing pipe consists of a lower centralizing pipe main body and a lower centralizing pipe guide body; the lower centralizing pipe guide body is sleeved on the lower centralizing pipe main body to form a lower centralizing pipe, the lower centralizing pipe and the upper centralizing pipe are respectively arranged on two positioning disks, the two positioning disks are respectively arranged at two ends of the bullet rack pipe through screws, a key slot is formed in the upper centralizing pipe, a middle supporting component is arranged in the middle of the bullet rack pipe, and a balancing weight is arranged on the bullet rack pipe; the guide key of the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve is arranged in the inner cavity of the guide sleeve main body and is fixed by an assembly screw, a ball slideway is arranged outside the guide sleeve main body, the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve is arranged in the full-linkage intermediate connecting main body and is supported by sliding balls arranged in the ball slideway, a deep groove ball bearing is arranged in a bearing seat of the full-linkage intermediate connecting main body, and a connecting guide sleeve baffle ring is arranged between the deep groove ball bearing and the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve; the full-linkage middle joint is arranged at the upper end of the perforating gun body, the bullet rack is arranged in the perforating gun body, the lower end of the bullet rack is supported by the bearing assembly, the upper end of the bullet rack is supported by the deep groove ball bearing, and threaded holes are formed at two ends of the perforating gun body.
Further, the intermediate support assembly is composed of a bearing housing and a bearing.
Further, the number of the ball slides is 3, and the ball slides are respectively positioned at the two ends and the middle of the guide sleeve main body.
Further, the bearing assembly is composed of a bearing sleeve seat and a bearing.
Further, a sealing ring groove is formed in the full-linkage middle joint main body, and an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged in the sealing ring groove.
Further, in the directional perforation technique, the internal directional perforation is realized by controlling the rotation of the perforating gun carrier by gravity, and the rotatable gun carrier of each column of perforating gun is an independent directional unit. Because the perforating reservoir condition is complex, faults exist in perforating charges mounted on a charge frame in an individual perforating gun, so that uneven distribution of the charges on the whole charge frame can be caused, the gravity center is asymmetric, and the gravity center of the counterweight is shifted. In addition, the flexibility of the rotation of the bullet rack is affected by the factors such as the processing quality and the assembly quality of the whole perforating equipment, and the phenomenon that the gravity center of the counterweight of the bullet rack is deviated can be caused. Once these conditions occur, the problematic perforating gun will be misaligned in its perforation orientation. Causing perforation quality accidents of the local oil layer. In order to solve the problem of orientation deviation of individual perforating guns in an oil pipe conveying type orientation and angle perforation construction pipe string due to various factors, a full linkage device with various structures is designed, an internal orientation perforating bullet frame is connected by a fixed and unified phase, the linkage effect of the whole bullet frame is realized under the action of gravity, and the purpose of accurate orientation perforation of the whole perforating pipe string is achieved. The full-linkage positioning butt joint device (called full-linkage middle joint for short) of the internal directional perforating gun thoroughly solves the problem that the existing guide body and the centralizing body are not locked in place, so that the coupling connection success rate of the bullet rack reaches 100% when the gun is connected, and the recurrence of well completion quality accidents is avoided.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: a full linkage internal directional perforator is provided. The full-linkage perforating gun string maintains the consistency of the perforating phases of the whole perforating gun, and the perforating phase accuracy of the whole underground perforating gun string can be confirmed or adjusted by using a laser gyroscope to measure the azimuth of the underground perforating gun string during the fixed azimuth and fixed angle perforation. In addition, under the linkage action of the whole string of bullet frames, the perforation azimuth deviation of the perforation gun with inaccurate gravity center or inflexible rotation can be corrected, and the accurate construction of azimuth and firing angle perforation can be ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a full-linkage center joint in the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a centralizer connecting guide sleeve according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a guide key in the first embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a left side view of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spring frame according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a lower centralizing tube according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a lower centralizing tube guide body according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a right side view of fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of an upper centralizer pipe according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 11 is a schematic top view of an upper centralizer in accordance with an embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a full linkage middle joint gun interfacing with an upper centralizer and a lower centralizer in accordance with an embodiment I.
Description of the embodiments
Examples
Referring to the figures, a full-linkage internal directional perforator comprises a full-linkage middle joint 1, a bullet frame 2, a perforating gun body 3 and a bearing assembly 4; the full-linkage middle joint 1 consists of a full-linkage middle joint main body 11, a centralizing body connecting guide sleeve 12, a connecting guide sleeve baffle ring 13, a deep groove ball bearing 14 and a sliding ball 15, wherein the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve 12 consists of a guide sleeve main body 121, a guide key 122 and an assembly screw 123; the spring frame 2 consists of an upper centralizing pipe 21, a spring frame pipe 22, a middle supporting component 23, two positioning disks 24, a lower centralizing pipe 25 and a balancing weight 26, wherein the lower centralizing pipe 25 consists of a lower centralizing pipe main body 251 and a lower centralizing pipe guide body 252; the lower centralizing pipe guide body is sleeved on the lower centralizing pipe main body to form a lower centralizing pipe, the lower centralizing pipe and the upper centralizing pipe are respectively arranged on two positioning disks, the two positioning disks are respectively arranged at two ends of the bullet rack pipe through screws, a key slot is formed in the upper centralizing pipe, a middle supporting component is arranged in the middle of the bullet rack pipe, and a balancing weight is arranged on the bullet rack pipe; the guide key of the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve is arranged in the inner cavity of the guide sleeve main body and is fixed by an assembly screw, a ball slideway is arranged outside the guide sleeve main body, the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve is arranged in the full-linkage intermediate connecting main body and is supported by sliding balls arranged in the ball slideway, a deep groove ball bearing is arranged in a bearing seat of the full-linkage intermediate connecting main body, and a connecting guide sleeve baffle ring is arranged between the deep groove ball bearing and the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve; the full-linkage middle joint is arranged at the upper end of the perforating gun body, the bullet rack is arranged in the perforating gun body, the lower end of the bullet rack is supported by the bearing assembly, the upper end of the bullet rack is supported by the deep groove ball bearing, and threaded holes are formed at two ends of the perforating gun body.
The middle support assembly consists of a bearing sleeve seat and a bearing; the number of the ball slides is 3, and the ball slides are respectively positioned at the two ends and the middle of the guide sleeve main body; the bearing assembly consists of a bearing sleeve seat and a bearing; the full-linkage middle joint main body is provided with a sealing ring groove, and an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged in the sealing ring groove.
When the oil pipe is used for conveying perforation, the technical pipe string is constructed, and a plurality of groups of full-linkage internal directional perforators are connected in a string through full linkage to perform perforation construction. The full linkage middle joint plays a role in supporting up and down, namely, connecting two adjacent perforating guns and transmitting detonation energy. The single bullet frame is supported in the perforating gun by the deep groove ball bearing, the bearing seat component and the middle supporting component which are connected in the full linkage, the bullet frame can freely rotate within 360 degrees under the support of the bearing, and meanwhile, under the action of the balancing weight (the weight deviation device), a certain direction of the bullet frame is fixedly oriented, so that the direction of perforation ejection flow is ensured to be oriented to the direction of an appointed oil reservoir.
The full linkage means that the inner bullet rack of the perforating gun realizes synchronous rotation by the inner coupling butt joint of the upper and lower centralizing pipes in the full linkage. The balancing weight (unbalanced weight device) is cast by a cast steel process or is formed by cutting a steel pipe with the wall thickness of 5mm by laser, and is symmetrically coated and welded at a designated position in a 180-degree range in the back of the jet direction of the spring frame during assembly so as to change the gravity center of the spring frame. The moment which causes the spring frame to twist is generated due to the deflection of the gravity center of the spring frame in the radial direction, so that the free rotation of the spring frame is provided with power. The key technology for realizing full linkage of the perforating bullet rack is to use a full linkage middle joint and an upper centralizing pipe and a lower centralizing pipe with keys and key grooves. The upper centralizing pipe and the lower centralizing pipe are butted in the central hole in full linkage, the connected perforating gun locks the phases of the two adjacent bullet frames only by utilizing keys and key grooves, and the butt joint of the upper centralizing pipe and the lower centralizing pipe is in a loose joint coupling state, so that the perforating gun can be assembled and connected or disassembled freely (see figure 12).
In the connection of the full-linkage internal directional perforator, the full-linkage middle joint is connected with two adjacent perforating gun bodies up and down, and meanwhile, the bullet frames in the perforating guns are butted in the center holes of the full-linkage middle joint, and key bars are led into key grooves under the guidance of the guide bodies to realize coupling butt joint. The full-linkage middle joint main body is connected with two adjacent perforating gun bodies, the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve is a connecting coupling piece of an upper centralizing pipe and a lower centralizing pipe, is supported by sliding balls and is limited in an inner hole of the full-linkage middle joint main body by a connecting guide sleeve baffle ring. The centralizing body is connected with the guide sleeve and can flexibly rotate in the inner hole. A guide key is assembled in the inner cavity of the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve, and the guide key is fixedly assembled on the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve main body by two screws. The right end of the guide key is a slope with a certain lead for guiding the guide body of the lower centralizing pipe to the access position. The left end is a key bar, and when the gun is connected, the key bar is inserted into the key slot of the upper righting pipe of the bullet frame in an aligned mode. The other two parts for realizing the coupling connection are an upper centralizing pipe and a lower centralizing pipe. The righting tube body is provided with a key slot with the width of 8 mm. The lower centralizing tube main body is sleeved with a lower centralizing tube guide body. When in use, the lower centralizing pipe guide body is in butt joint with the guide key to finish the butt joint of the bullet frame and to couple and lock the phase of the bullet frame.
When the oil pipe conveying type full-intermodal internal directional perforation is carried out, the single-column perforating gun is assembled, namely, firstly, a bullet frame with perforating bullets and detonating cords connected is arranged in the perforating gun, a lower centralizing pipe penetrates through a bearing inner hole of a bearing seat assembly, a lower locating disc is embedded into the bearing inner hole to support the bullet frame, then a full-linkage middle connector is screwed into the upper end of the perforating gun through threads, and when the full-linkage middle connector is screwed in, a key slot of the upper centralizing pipe is aligned and inserted into a key slot of the full-linkage middle connector, and then the full-linkage middle connector is screwed, so that the single-column perforating gun is assembled. When the continuous gun is conveyed underground, the upper and lower perforating guns connected in the full linkage play a role in supporting up and down, namely, the adjacent two perforating guns are connected and can transmit detonation energy, and the connected perforating tube strings are conveyed to a perforating layer section by an oil pipe for perforation.
In order to realize the full linkage of the perforating bullet rack, the full linkage middle connecting inner hole and the upper centralizing pipe are also provided with positioning keys and key grooves. When the upper centralizing pipe and the lower centralizing pipe are connected in the central hole in full linkage, the positioning key and the key groove are connected in an inserting and coupling mode to lock the phases of two adjacent bullet frames, the bullet frames in the perforating gun string in the well are lowered into the hole, and the inner coupling butt joint is connected in full linkage through the centralizing pipe, so that the synchronous rotation function of the whole bullet frames is realized.
In order to verify whether the perforating orientation of the whole string is accurate before perforation, only the orientation of the first perforating gun carrier under the initiator needs to be tested, and the tested result is the perforating orientation of the whole perforating gun string. The perforation orientation is designed according to the structure and orientation of the produced oil and gas reservoir, so that the full-linkage internal directional orientation perforator provides a more reliable and more accurate perforation technology for oil well production, and can effectively improve the productivity of a special oil and gas reservoir well.
The full-linkage internal-orientation perforating gun is different from the middle connection structure of the common internal-orientation perforating gun, can lock perforating bullet frames on the whole string of perforating strings in a fixed phase, also keeps the unit independence of each string of perforating guns, can realize the effect of synchronous rotation of all bullet frames in the perforating strings in the same phase when the well inclination angle is more than or equal to 20 degrees, and ensures the consistency of the perforating positions of the whole string of perforating guns. The inner directional perforator frame realizes the full linkage effect, and the key technical point is that the full linkage center joint and the special detonating cord centralizing tube. During ordinary perforation, two adjacent perforating guns are connected through a middle joint, detonating cords on two bullet frames are respectively straightened by a centralizing tube, and the middle parts of inner holes of the middle joints are butted head to complete the explosion propagation between guns. The full-linkage internal directional perforating gun not only needs to connect two perforating guns in full linkage and needs to conduct booster through a center hole, but also locks the phases of the bullet frames in the two perforating guns, so that the synchronism of the phases of the bullet frames is maintained when the two different bullet frames rotate under the action of gravity. Through adopting the connection structure of the guide body and the positioning key and the key groove, when the two adjacent bullet frames are butted in the central hole in full linkage, the detonating cord head-to-head butt joint pilot explosion is realized, and the key groove on the two bullet frames are led into the key groove under the guidance of the guide body, so that the phases of the two bullet frames are locked, and the full linkage of the bullet frames is realized.

Claims (5)

1. A full linkage internal directional perforator, characterized by: the full-linkage internal directional perforator comprises a full-linkage middle joint, a bullet rack, a perforating gun body and a bearing assembly; the full-linkage middle joint consists of a full-linkage middle joint main body, a centralizing body connecting guide sleeve, a connecting guide sleeve baffle ring, a deep groove ball bearing and sliding balls, wherein the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve consists of a guide sleeve main body, a guide key and an assembly screw; the elastic frame consists of an upper centralizing pipe, an elastic frame pipe, a middle supporting component, two positioning disks, a lower centralizing pipe and a balancing weight, wherein the lower centralizing pipe consists of a lower centralizing pipe main body and a lower centralizing pipe guide body; the lower centralizing pipe guide body is sleeved on the lower centralizing pipe main body to form a lower centralizing pipe, the lower centralizing pipe and the upper centralizing pipe are respectively arranged on two positioning disks, the two positioning disks are respectively arranged at two ends of the bullet rack pipe through screws, a key slot is formed in the upper centralizing pipe, a middle supporting component is arranged in the middle of the bullet rack pipe, and a balancing weight is arranged on the bullet rack pipe; the guide key of the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve is arranged in the inner cavity of the guide sleeve main body and is fixed by an assembly screw, a ball slideway is arranged outside the guide sleeve main body, the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve is arranged in the full-linkage intermediate connecting main body and is supported by sliding balls arranged in the ball slideway, a deep groove ball bearing is arranged in a bearing seat of the full-linkage intermediate connecting main body, and a connecting guide sleeve baffle ring is arranged between the deep groove ball bearing and the centralizing body connecting guide sleeve; the full-linkage middle joint is arranged at the upper end of the perforating gun body, the bullet rack is arranged in the perforating gun body, the lower end of the bullet rack is supported by the bearing assembly, the upper end of the bullet rack is supported by the deep groove ball bearing, and threaded holes are formed at two ends of the perforating gun body.
2. The full-linked internal directional perforator of claim 1, wherein: the middle support assembly consists of a bearing sleeve seat and a bearing.
3. The full-linked internal directional perforator of claim 1, wherein: the number of the ball slides is 3, and the ball slides are respectively positioned at the two ends and the middle of the guide sleeve main body.
4. The full-linked internal directional perforator of claim 1, wherein: the bearing assembly consists of a bearing sleeve seat and a bearing.
5. The full-linked internal directional perforator of claim 1, wherein: the full-linkage middle joint main body is provided with a sealing ring groove, and an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged in the sealing ring groove.
CN202311177080.3A 2023-09-13 2023-09-13 Full-linkage internal directional perforator Pending CN117005831A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311177080.3A CN117005831A (en) 2023-09-13 2023-09-13 Full-linkage internal directional perforator

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311177080.3A CN117005831A (en) 2023-09-13 2023-09-13 Full-linkage internal directional perforator

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CN117005831A true CN117005831A (en) 2023-11-07

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117328843A (en) * 2023-12-01 2024-01-02 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 Oil pipe conveying type precise secondary perforating device and working method thereof
CN117365395A (en) * 2023-12-05 2024-01-09 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 TCP oil pipe conveying modularized unit perforating gun
CN117684922A (en) * 2023-11-29 2024-03-12 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 Modularized cable orientation clustering perforation device and perforation process

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117684922A (en) * 2023-11-29 2024-03-12 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 Modularized cable orientation clustering perforation device and perforation process
CN117684922B (en) * 2023-11-29 2024-06-11 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 Modularized cable orientation clustering perforation device and perforation process
CN117328843A (en) * 2023-12-01 2024-01-02 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 Oil pipe conveying type precise secondary perforating device and working method thereof
CN117365395A (en) * 2023-12-05 2024-01-09 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 TCP oil pipe conveying modularized unit perforating gun
CN117365395B (en) * 2023-12-05 2024-03-08 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 TCP oil pipe conveying modularized unit perforating gun

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