CN117001109B - 9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding magnetic control power supply system and control method - Google Patents
9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding magnetic control power supply system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117001109B CN117001109B CN202311059006.1A CN202311059006A CN117001109B CN 117001109 B CN117001109 B CN 117001109B CN 202311059006 A CN202311059006 A CN 202311059006A CN 117001109 B CN117001109 B CN 117001109B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/08—Arrangements or circuits for magnetic control of the arc
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Abstract
The invention provides a 9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding magnetic control power supply system and a control method, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: a deep-melting arc welding machine, a magnetic control power supply, a deep-melting arc welding gun, an excitation device and a workpiece; one end of the deep-melting arc welding machine is connected with the workpiece, the other end of the deep-melting arc welding machine is connected with the deep-melting arc welding gun, the excitation device is connected with the magnetic control power supply and sleeved on the deep-melting arc welding gun, and the deep-melting arc welding gun is arranged right above the workpiece; the magnetic control power supply is used for outputting exciting current with adjustable amplitude and frequency by periodically adjusting the duty ratio of the control signal. The invention can inhibit the arc magnetic blow during welding 9Ni steel and improve the efficiency and quality during welding 9Ni steel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a 9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding magnetic control power supply system and a control method.
Background
The 9Ni steel has good toughness and strength at extremely low temperature, small thermal expansion coefficient, good economy, minimum service temperature of-196 ℃, and can be widely applied to low-temperature storage tanks such as liquefied natural gas (Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG) and the like. However, due to the influence of the characteristics of the magnetic flux, the magnetic flux is easy to magnetize in the production, transportation and storage processes, so that the residual magnetism is high, and when the common arc welding method is adopted for welding, arc magnetic blow is easy to generate, so that the welding quality is influenced. Therefore, the existing 9Ni steel is required to be demagnetized before welding, or the arrangement mode of the ground wires is changed and a polarity-changing welding process is adopted, so that the effect of eliminating magnetic blow-out is achieved, the working procedure is complex, and time and labor are wasted.
However, the 9Ni steel used as the LNG storage tank generally adopts a medium plate, and adopts a common welding process (MIG, deep-melting arc welding, submerged arc welding, etc.) often requires multi-layer multi-pass welding, and requires back gouging and other procedures after welding, and the production process is complex, the efficiency is low, and the magnetic bias blowing problem cannot be avoided. As a novel welding process, deep-melting arc welding (keyhole effect deep-melting argon arc welding) can realize once penetration (12 mm) of a medium plate and above, and needs no grooving and metal filling, single-sided welding and double-sided molding, and has high welding efficiency and good welding seam molding quality. However, in order to achieve the above purpose, the stable existence of the lock hole needs to be maintained in the process of welding the deep melting arc, and only direct current welding can be adopted, so that the problem of magnetic blow-out cannot be avoided when welding 9Ni steel, and the welding efficiency and quality are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a 9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding magnetron power supply system and a control method thereof, which can inhibit arc magnetic blow during welding 9Ni steel and improve efficiency and quality during welding 9Ni steel.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a 9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding magnetron power supply system, including: a deep-melting arc welding machine, a magnetic control power supply, a deep-melting arc welding gun, an excitation device and a workpiece; one end of the deep-melting arc welding machine is connected with the workpiece, the other end of the deep-melting arc welding machine is connected with the deep-melting arc welding gun, the excitation device is connected with the magnetic control power supply and sleeved on the deep-melting arc welding gun, and the deep-melting arc welding gun is arranged right above the workpiece; the magnetic control power supply is used for outputting exciting current with adjustable amplitude and frequency by periodically adjusting the duty ratio of the control signal.
In one embodiment, a magnetically controlled power supply includes: the system comprises an alternating current power grid input module, a full-bridge rectification filter module and a polarity-variable output module; one end of the alternating current power grid input module is connected with a 220V alternating current power grid, and the other end of the alternating current power grid input module is connected with the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module; one end of the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module is connected with the alternating current power grid input module, and the other end of the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module is connected with the variable polarity output module and is used for converting alternating current electric energy into direct current electric energy; one end of the polarity-changing output module is connected with the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module, and the other end of the polarity-changing output module is connected with the exciting device and is used for outputting exciting current to the exciting device; wherein, the excitation current includes: alternating rectangular wave pulse exciting current or alternating sine wave exciting current.
In one embodiment, a full bridge rectifier filter module includes: the rectifier bridge, first inductance, first electric capacity and second electric capacity.
In one embodiment, the variable polarity output module includes: a first power conversion circuit and a second power conversion circuit; the first power conversion circuit includes: the first power switch tube, the second inductor and the third capacitor; the second power conversion circuit includes: the third power switch tube, the fourth power switch tube, the third inductor and the fourth capacitor.
In one embodiment, the output of the first power conversion circuit is V out1, the output of the second power conversion circuit is V out2, and the total output of the magnetron power supply is V AB, wherein V AB=Vout1-Vout2.
In one embodiment, the first power conversion circuit and the second power conversion circuit adopt a Buck mode, and the Buck mode comprises the following four working phases:
The first working phase comprises: the first power switch tube and the third power switch tube are conducted, and after the input current flows through the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module, the input current sequentially passes through the first power switch tube, the second inductor, the exciting device, the third inductor and the third power switch tube to form a closed loop, so that the first capacitor and the second capacitor are discharged;
The second working phase comprises: the first power switch tube, the second power switch tube, the third power switch tube and the fourth power switch tube are closed, and input current sequentially passes through a parasitic antiparallel diode of the second power switch tube, a second inductor, an excitation device, a third inductor, a parasitic antiparallel diode of the fourth power switch tube, a first capacitor and a second capacitor to form a closed loop, so that the first capacitor and the second capacitor are charged;
The third working phase comprises: the second power switch tube and the fourth power switch tube are conducted, and after the input current flows through the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module, the input current sequentially passes through the fourth power switch tube, the third inductor, the exciting device, the second inductor and the second power switch tube to form a closed loop, and the first capacitor and the second capacitor are discharged;
The fourth working phase comprises: the first power switch tube, the second power switch tube, the third power switch tube and the fourth power switch tube are closed, and input current sequentially passes through a parasitic antiparallel diode of the third power switch tube, a third inductor, an excitation device, a second inductor, the parasitic antiparallel diode of the first power switch tube, a first capacitor and a second capacitor to form a closed loop, so that the first capacitor and the second capacitor are charged.
In one embodiment, the system further includes a control module, and the control module is connected to the variable polarity output module, and is configured to input a control signal, where the control signal at least includes: a first control signal, a second control signal, a third control signal, and a fourth control signal;
The first control signal, the second control signal, the third control signal and the fourth control signal are respectively used for controlling the on and off of the first power switch tube, the second power switch tube, the third power switch tube and the fourth power switch tube; the first control signal and the third control signal have the same phase, and the duty ratio of the first control signal and the third control signal is delta; the second control signal and the fourth control signal have the same phase, and the second control signal and the fourth control signal have opposite phases to the first control signal and the third control signal, and the duty ratio of the second control signal and the fourth control signal is 1-delta.
In one embodiment, the control module is further configured to adjust a duty cycle of the control signal according to an amplitude and a frequency of the exciting current output by the magnetic control power supply;
When the exciting current is alternating rectangular wave pulse exciting current, the duty ratio adjusting formula is as follows:
（t∈（/>，/>），k=0，1，2····）
（t∈（/>，/>），k=0，1，2····）
wherein V represents the amplitude of the voltage corresponding to the exciting current, f represents the frequency of the exciting current, V in represents the effective value input by a 220V alternating current power grid, and k represents a natural number;
when the exciting current is AC sine wave exciting current, the duty ratio regulating formula is:
（t>0）
Where t represents the current welding time.
In one embodiment, the output of the first power conversion circuitOutput/>, of the second power conversion circuitTotal output of magnetic control power supply/>；
When the duty ratio of the first control signal and the third control signal is larger than that of the second control signal and the fourth control signal, the total output of the magnetic control power supply is positive in polarity; when the duty ratio of the first control signal and the third control signal is smaller than that of the second control signal and the fourth control signal, the total output of the magnetic control power supply is negative.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling 9Ni steel deep-arc welding, where the method is applied to any one of the 9Ni steel deep-arc welding magnetron power supply systems provided in the first aspect, and the method includes: the duty ratio of the control signal is adjusted so that the magnetic control power supply outputs exciting current with preset amplitude and preset frequency; and under the control of exciting current, welding the workpiece by a deep-melting arc welding gun.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The embodiment of the invention provides the 9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding magnetic control power supply system and a control method, wherein the magnetic control power supply system comprises: a deep-melting arc welding machine, a magnetic control power supply, a deep-melting arc welding gun, an excitation device and a workpiece; one end of the deep-melting arc welding machine is connected with the workpiece, the other end of the deep-melting arc welding machine is connected with the deep-melting arc welding gun, the excitation device is connected with the magnetic control power supply and sleeved on the deep-melting arc welding gun, and the deep-melting arc welding gun is arranged right above the workpiece; the magnetic control power supply is used for outputting exciting current with adjustable amplitude and frequency by periodically adjusting the duty ratio of the control signal. According to the magnetic control power supply system, the duty ratio of the control signal can be periodically adjusted, so that the magnetic control power supply outputs exciting current with adjustable amplitude and frequency, the exciting device generates an alternating magnetic field under the action of the exciting current, and the arc of the 9Ni steel workpiece is caused to periodically swing left and right, so that the arc magnetic bias defect caused by the remanence of the 9Ni steel is effectively restrained, and the efficiency and quality of the 9Ni steel during welding are improved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding magnetron power supply system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a magnetic control power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a state diagram of a first working phase of a magnetic control power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a state diagram of a second working phase of a magnetic control power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a state diagram of a third working phase of a magnetic control power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a state diagram of a fourth operating phase of the magnetic control power supply according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a control signal of a magnetic control power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of an alternating rectangular wave pulse excitation current provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of an AC sine wave excitation current provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of arc deflection under the action of an applied magnetic field according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of arc deflection under the action of an additional magnetic field according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a flowchart of a control method of 9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon:
10-deep-melting arc welding machine; 20-a magnetic control power supply; 30-deep-melting arc welding gun; 40-excitation device; 50-workpiece.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
At present, the 9Ni steel is required to be demagnetized before welding, or the arrangement mode of the ground wire is changed and a polarity-changing welding process is adopted, so that the effect of eliminating magnetic blow-out is achieved, the working procedure is complex, and time and labor are wasted. However, the 9Ni steel used as the LNG storage tank generally adopts a medium plate, and adopts a common welding process (MIG, deep-melting arc welding, submerged arc welding, etc.) often requires multi-layer multi-pass welding, and requires back gouging and other procedures after welding, and the production process is complex, the efficiency is low, and the magnetic bias blowing problem cannot be avoided. As a novel welding process, deep-melting arc welding (keyhole effect deep-melting argon arc welding) can realize once penetration (12 mm) of a medium plate and above, and needs no grooving and metal filling, single-sided welding and double-sided molding, and has high welding efficiency and good welding seam molding quality. However, in order to achieve the above purpose, the stable existence of the lock hole needs to be maintained in the welding process of the deep-melting arc welding, and only direct current welding can be adopted, so that the problem of magnetic blow-out cannot be avoided when welding 9Ni steel, and the welding efficiency and quality are affected.
Based on the above, the 9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding magnetic control power supply system and the control method provided by the embodiment of the invention can inhibit the arc magnetic blow when welding 9Ni steel, and improve the efficiency and quality when welding 9Ni steel.
For the convenience of understanding the present embodiment, a 9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding magnetron power supply system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. Referring to a schematic structural diagram of a 9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding magnetron power supply system shown in fig. 1, it is shown that the system mainly includes: a deep-melting arc welding machine 10, a magnetic control power supply 20, a deep-melting arc welding gun 30, an excitation device 40 and a workpiece 50; one end of the deep-melting arc welding machine 10 is connected with a workpiece 50, the other end of the deep-melting arc welding machine is connected with a deep-melting arc welding gun 30, the excitation device 40 is connected with the magnetic control power supply 20 and sleeved on the deep-melting arc welding gun 30, and the deep-melting arc welding gun 30 is arranged right above the workpiece 50; the magnetron power supply 20 is used for outputting exciting current with adjustable amplitude and frequency by periodically adjusting the duty ratio of the control signal.
In one embodiment, the deep-melting arc welding machine 10 provides electric energy for the deep-melting arc welding gun 30, the magnetron power supply 20 outputs exciting current with adjustable amplitude and frequency to the exciting device 40 through the duty ratio of the periodical adjustment control signal, the exciting device 40 can be an exciting coil, and an alternating magnetic field is generated under the action of the exciting current, and as the residual magnetic intensity of the 9Ni steel is smaller than that of the exciting device 40, the magnetic field generated by the exciting device 40 plays a dominant role, when the residual magnetic intensity acts on the electric arc, the electric arc can be caused to swing periodically and leftwards along the welding direction, so that the two sides of the welding line are uniformly heated, and the arc magnetic bias caused by the residual magnetism of the 9Ni steel is counteracted, thereby improving the fusion defect.
According to the 9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding magnetic control power supply system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the magnetic control power supply can output exciting current with adjustable amplitude and frequency by periodically adjusting the duty ratio of a control signal, and the exciting device generates an alternating magnetic field under the action of the exciting current, so that the arc of a 9Ni steel workpiece is promoted to periodically swing left and right, the arc magnetic bias blowing defect caused by the remanence of the 9Ni steel is effectively restrained, and the efficiency and quality of the 9Ni steel during welding are improved.
Referring to the schematic circuit diagram of a magnetic control power supply shown in fig. 2, a magnetic control power supply 20 is shown that includes: the system comprises an alternating current power grid input module, a full-bridge rectifying and filtering module and a variable polarity output module.
One end of the alternating current power grid input module is connected with a 220V alternating current power grid, and the other end of the alternating current power grid input module is connected with the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module.
One end of the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module is connected with the alternating current power grid input module, and the other end of the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module is connected with the variable polarity output module and used for converting alternating current electric energy into direct current electric energy. Specifically, the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module comprises: the rectifier bridge D1, the first inductor L1, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2.
One end of the polarity-changing output module is connected with the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module, and the other end of the polarity-changing output module is connected with the exciting device and is used for outputting exciting current to the exciting device; wherein, the excitation current includes: alternating rectangular wave pulse exciting current or alternating sine wave exciting current. Specifically, the variable polarity output module includes: a first power conversion circuit and a second power conversion circuit; the first power conversion circuit includes: the first power switch tube Q1, the second power switch tube Q2, the second inductor L2 and the third capacitor C3; the second power conversion circuit includes: the third power switch tube Q3, the fourth power switch tube Q4, the third inductance L3 and the fourth capacitor C4.
In one embodiment, the output of the first power conversion circuit is V out1, the output of the second power conversion circuit is V out2, and the total output of the magnetron power supply is V AB, wherein V AB=Vout1-Vout2.
In one embodiment, the first power conversion circuit and the second power conversion circuit each adopt a Buck mode, and the Buck mode includes the following four working phases:
Referring to the state diagram of the first operation phase of a magnetron power supply shown in fig. 3, it is shown that the first operation phase includes: the first power switch tube Q1 and the third power switch tube Q3 are conducted, after the input current flows through the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module, a closed loop is formed by the first power switch tube Q1, the second inductor L2, the exciting device, the third inductor L3 and the third power switch tube Q3 in sequence, and at the moment, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are discharged.
Referring to the state diagram of the second operation phase of a magnetron power supply shown in fig. 4, it is shown that the second operation phase includes: the first power switch tube Q1, the second power switch tube Q2, the third power switch tube Q3 and the fourth power switch tube Q4 are closed, and input current sequentially passes through a parasitic antiparallel diode of the second power switch tube Q2, the second inductor L2, the exciting device, the third inductor L3, a parasitic antiparallel diode of the fourth power switch tube Q4, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 to form a closed loop, and at the moment, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are charged.
Referring to fig. 5, which is a state diagram of a third operation phase of a magnetic control power supply, it is shown that the third operation phase includes: the second power switch tube Q2 and the fourth power switch tube Q4 are conducted, after the input current flows through the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module, a closed loop is formed by the fourth power switch tube Q4, the third inductor L3, the exciting device, the second inductor L2 and the second power switch tube Q2 in sequence, and at the moment, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are discharged.
Referring to the state diagram of the fourth operation phase of a magnetron power supply shown in fig. 6, it is shown that the fourth operation phase includes: the first power switch tube Q1, the second power switch tube Q2, the third power switch tube Q3 and the fourth power switch tube Q4 are closed, and input current sequentially passes through a parasitic antiparallel diode of the third power switch tube Q3, a third inductor L3, an excitation device, a second inductor L2, the parasitic antiparallel diode of the first power switch tube Q1, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2 to form a closed loop, and at the moment, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are charged.
In one embodiment, the system further includes a control module, and the control module is connected to the variable polarity output module, and is configured to input a control signal, where the control signal at least includes: a first control signal, a second control signal, a third control signal and a fourth control signal. Specifically, the control module may be a single-chip microcomputer.
The first control signal, the second control signal, the third control signal and the fourth control signal are respectively used for controlling the on and off of the first power switch tube, the second power switch tube, the third power switch tube and the fourth power switch tube; the first control signal and the third control signal have the same phase, and the duty ratio of the first control signal and the third control signal is delta; the second control signal and the fourth control signal have the same phase, and the second control signal and the fourth control signal have opposite phases to the first control signal and the third control signal, and the duty ratio of the second control signal and the fourth control signal is 1-delta.
In a specific implementation, the first power switch tube Q1, the second power switch tube Q2, the third power switch tube Q3 and the fourth power switch tube Q4 are respectively controlled to be turned on and turned off by a first control signal PWM1, a second control signal PWM2, a third control signal PWM3 and a fourth control signal PWM 4. Referring to the schematic diagram of the control signal of the magnetic control power supply shown in fig. 7, the first control signal PWM1 and the third control signal PWM3 are in phase, the duty ratio is δ, the second control signal PWM2 and the fourth control signal PWM4 are in phase, and are in opposite phase with the first control signal PWM1 and the third control signal PWM3, and the duty ratio is 1- δ. The first control signal PWM1, the second control signal PWM2, the third control signal PWM3 and the fourth control signal PWM4 complete the control of the magnitude and the polarity of the total output current of the magnetic control power supply by controlling the on and off time sequence of the first power switch tube Q1, the second power switch tube Q2, the third power switch tube Q3 and the fourth power switch tube Q4.
In one embodiment, the output of the first power conversion circuitOutput/>, of the second power conversion circuitTotal output of magnetic control power supply/>; When the duty ratio of the first control signal and the third control signal is larger than that of the second control signal and the fourth control signal, the total output of the magnetic control power supply is positive in polarity; when the duty ratio of the first control signal and the third control signal is smaller than that of the second control signal and the fourth control signal, the total output of the magnetic control power supply is negative.
For example: the output of the first power conversion circuitThe output of the second power conversion circuitTotal output of magnetic control power supply/>The method comprises the following steps: when the duty ratio of the first control signal PWM1 and the third control signal PWM3 is greater than the duty ratio of the second control signal PWM2 and the fourth control signal PWM4, the output V out1 of the first power conversion circuit is greater than the output V out2 of the second power conversion circuit, and at this time, the total output of the magnetic control power supply is positive. Wherein V in is the effective value of 220V AC power grid input.
Similarly, when the duty ratio of the second control signal PWM2 and the fourth control signal PWM4 is greater than the duty ratio of the first control signal PWM1 and the third control signal PWM3, the output V out2 of the second power conversion circuit is greater than the output V out1 of the first power conversion circuit, and at this time, the total output of the magnetic control power supply is negative. The amplitude and frequency adjustable alternating current rectangular wave pulse excitation current or alternating current sine wave excitation current can be output by periodically adjusting the duty ratio of the first control signal PWM1, the second control signal PWM2, the third control signal PWM3 and the fourth control signal PWM4 to change the total output current of the magnetic control power supply.
In one embodiment, the control module is further configured to adjust the duty cycle of the control signal according to the amplitude and frequency of the exciting current output by the magnetic control power supply. Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, the duty ratio of the control signal can be adjusted according to the amplitude and the frequency of the exciting current required to be output by the magnetic control power supply, so that the magnetic control power supply can output the required exciting current.
Referring to an ac rectangular wave pulse excitation current diagram shown in fig. 8, when the magnetic control power supply outputs an ac rectangular wave pulse excitation current with an amplitude V and a frequency f, the duty ratio adjustment formula is:
（t∈（/>，/>），k=0，1，2····）
（t∈（/>，/>），k=0，1，2····）
wherein V represents the amplitude of the voltage corresponding to the exciting current, f represents the frequency of the exciting current, V in represents the effective value input by a 220V alternating current power grid, and k represents a natural number;
Referring to an ac sine wave excitation current diagram shown in fig. 9, when the magnetic control power supply outputs an ac sine wave excitation current with an amplitude V and a frequency f, an adjustment formula of the duty ratio is:
（t>0）
Where t represents the current welding time.
Referring to a schematic diagram of arc deflection under the action of an externally applied magnetic field shown in fig. 10, when the exciting current is at positive polarity, the generated magnetic field is downward, and at this time, the arc swings leftwards due to the lorentz force horizontally leftwards; referring to another schematic diagram of arc deflection under the action of externally applied magnetic field shown in fig. 11, when the exciting current is at negative polarity, the generated magnetic field is upward, and at this time, the arc swings to the right under the action of lorentz force horizontally to the right.
In one embodiment, the welding process current voltage signal stabilizes when no externally applied magnetic field is present (excitation current is 0); when an alternating sine wave excitation current is applied, the current voltage signal of the welding process is the same as that of the welding process without an externally applied magnetic field, which indicates that the externally applied magnetic field has no influence on the stability of the welding process.
When no external magnetic field is applied, the welding seam obtained by welding the 9Ni steel by adopting the deep-melting arc welding shows that obvious defects and poor fusion caused by arc magnetic blow; when AC sine wave exciting current is applied, the obtained weld joint is smooth and beautiful, and has no defects of concave, poor fusion and the like.
Because the remanence of the 9Ni steel is smaller than that of the magnetic field generated by the exciting device, the magnetic field generated by the exciting device plays a dominant role, and the applied exciting current is alternating rectangular wave pulse exciting current or alternating sine wave exciting current, so that an alternating magnetic field is generated, when the alternating magnetic field acts on an electric arc, the electric arc can be caused to swing left and right periodically along the welding direction, and the two sides of the welding seam are uniformly heated, so that the arc magnetic bias caused by the remanence of the 9Ni steel is counteracted, and the problem of poor fusion is solved.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic control power supply should include all power conversion devices and circuit topologies capable of generating ac current, for example: phase-shifted full bridges, LLC, buck, boost, etc.
Compared with the prior art, the 9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding magnetic control power supply system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) The invention adopts the mode of externally applied magnetic field to promote the arc to swing left and right periodically, thereby effectively inhibiting the arc magnetic blow defect caused by the residual magnetism of 9Ni steel, and the obtained weld joint is beautiful, has good mechanical property and has no defects such as poor fusion and the like;
(2) The arc swing acts on molten pool metal, which is helpful for refining grains, accelerating the flow of molten pool metal and improving the mechanical property of the joint;
(3) The deep-melting welding 9Ni steel is adopted, the procedures of opening, back chipping and the like are not needed, and filling metal is not needed, so that the welding efficiency is greatly improved, the welding quality is high, the welding procedure is simplified, and the welding device is green and environment-friendly.
For the 9Ni steel deep penetration welding magnetic control power supply system provided in the foregoing embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a 9Ni steel deep penetration welding control method, where the method is applied to any 9Ni steel deep penetration welding magnetic control power supply system provided in the foregoing embodiment. Referring to a flowchart of a control method of 9Ni deep penetration welding shown in fig. 12, it is shown that the method mainly includes the following steps S1201 to S1202:
Step S1201: the magnetic control power supply outputs exciting current with preset amplitude and preset frequency by adjusting the duty ratio of the control signal.
Step S1202: and under the control of exciting current, welding the workpiece by a deep-melting arc welding gun.
In one embodiment, in the process of performing 9Ni steel deep-arc welding by using a 9Ni steel deep-arc welding magnetron power supply system, the excitation current of preset amplitude and preset frequency output by the magnetron power supply is obtained by adjusting the duty ratio of a control signal, and the excitation current can be alternating current rectangular wave pulse excitation current or alternating current sine wave excitation current; the exciting device generates a magnetic field under the action of exciting current, and when the magnetic field acts on the electric arc in the welding process, the electric arc is caused to swing periodically left and right along the welding direction, so that the two sides of the welding seam are uniformly heated, and the magnetic bias blow of the electric arc caused by the remanence of 9Ni steel is counteracted.
According to the control method for 9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the excitation current with adjustable amplitude and frequency can be output by the magnetic control power supply through periodically adjusting the duty ratio of the control signal, and the excitation device generates an alternating magnetic field under the action of the excitation current, so that the arc of a 9Ni steel workpiece is promoted to periodically swing left and right, the arc magnetic bias blowing defect caused by the remanence of the 9Ni steel is effectively restrained, and the efficiency and quality of the 9Ni steel during welding are improved.
The method provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the same implementation principle and technical effects as those of the embodiment of the system, and for the sake of brief description, reference may be made to the corresponding content in the embodiment of the system where the embodiment of the method is not mentioned.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples: any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution of some of the technical features, while remaining within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A 9Ni steel deep-melting arc welding magnetron power supply system, comprising: a deep-melting arc welding machine, a magnetic control power supply, a deep-melting arc welding gun, an excitation device and a workpiece;
One end of the deep-melting arc welding machine is connected with the workpiece, the other end of the deep-melting arc welding machine is connected with the deep-melting arc welding gun, the excitation device is connected with the magnetic control power supply and sleeved on the deep-melting arc welding gun, and the deep-melting arc welding gun is arranged right above the workpiece;
the magnetic control power supply is used for outputting exciting current with adjustable amplitude and frequency by periodically adjusting the duty ratio of the control signal;
the system also comprises a control module for inputting the control signal; the control module is also used for adjusting the duty ratio of the control signal according to the amplitude and the frequency of the exciting current output by the magnetic control power supply;
when the exciting current is alternating rectangular wave pulse exciting current, the regulating formula of the duty ratio is as follows:
（t∈（/>，/>），k=0，1，2····）
（t∈（/>，/>），k=0，1，2····）
When the exciting current is an alternating current sine wave exciting current, the regulating formula of the duty ratio is as follows:
（t>0）
V represents the amplitude of the voltage corresponding to the exciting current, f represents the frequency of the exciting current, V in represents the effective value input by a 220V alternating current power grid, k represents a natural number, and t represents the current welding time.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the magnetically controlled power source comprises: the system comprises an alternating current power grid input module, a full-bridge rectification filter module and a polarity-variable output module;
one end of the alternating current power grid input module is connected with a 220V alternating current power grid, and the other end of the alternating current power grid input module is connected with the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module;
one end of the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module is connected with the alternating current power grid input module, and the other end of the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module is connected with the variable polarity output module and is used for converting alternating current electric energy into direct current electric energy;
One end of the polarity-changing output module is connected with the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module, and the other end of the polarity-changing output module is connected with the exciting device and is used for outputting exciting current to the exciting device; wherein the excitation current includes: alternating rectangular wave pulse exciting current or alternating sine wave exciting current.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the full-bridge rectifier filter module comprises: the rectifier bridge, first inductance, first electric capacity and second electric capacity.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the variable polarity output module comprises: a first power conversion circuit and a second power conversion circuit;
The first power conversion circuit includes: the first power switch tube, the second inductor and the third capacitor;
The second power conversion circuit includes: the third power switch tube, the fourth power switch tube, the third inductor and the fourth capacitor.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the output of the first power conversion circuit is V out1, the output of the second power conversion circuit is V out2, and the total output of the magnetron power supply is V AB, wherein V AB=Vout1-Vout2.
6. The system of claim 4, wherein the first power conversion circuit and the second power conversion circuit are in Buck mode, comprising four phases of operation:
The first working phase comprises: the first power switch tube and the third power switch tube are conducted, and after the input current flows through the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module, the input current sequentially passes through the first power switch tube, the second inductor, the exciting device, the third inductor and the third power switch tube to form a closed loop, so that the first capacitor and the second capacitor are discharged;
The second working phase comprises: the first power switch tube, the second power switch tube, the third power switch tube and the fourth power switch tube are closed, and input current sequentially passes through a parasitic antiparallel diode of the second power switch tube, the second inductor, the excitation device, the third inductor, the parasitic antiparallel diode of the fourth power switch tube, the first capacitor and the second capacitor to form a closed loop, so that the first capacitor and the second capacitor are charged;
The third working phase comprises: the second power switch tube and the fourth power switch tube are conducted, and after the input current flows through the full-bridge rectifying and filtering module, the input current sequentially passes through the fourth power switch tube, the third inductor, the excitation device, the second inductor and the second power switch tube to form a closed loop, so that the first capacitor and the second capacitor are discharged;
the fourth working phase comprises: the first power switch tube, the second power switch tube, the third power switch tube and the fourth power switch tube are closed, and input current sequentially passes through the parasitic antiparallel diode of the third power switch tube, the third inductor, the excitation device, the second inductor, the parasitic antiparallel diode of the first power switch tube, the first capacitor and the second capacitor form a closed loop to charge the first capacitor and the second capacitor.
7. The system of claim 6, further comprising a control module coupled to the variable polarity output module for inputting the control signal, the control signal comprising at least: a first control signal, a second control signal, a third control signal, and a fourth control signal;
The first control signal, the second control signal, the third control signal and the fourth control signal are respectively used for controlling the on and off of the first power switch tube, the second power switch tube, the third power switch tube and the fourth power switch tube; the phases of the first control signal and the third control signal are the same, and the duty ratio of the first control signal and the third control signal is delta; the second control signal and the fourth control signal have the same phase, and the second control signal and the fourth control signal have opposite phases to the first control signal and the third control signal, and the duty ratio of the second control signal and the fourth control signal is 1-delta.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the output of the first power conversion circuitThe output/>, of the second power conversion circuitTotal output/>, of the magnetron power supply；
When the duty ratio of the first control signal and the third control signal is larger than that of the second control signal and the fourth control signal, the total output of the magnetic control power supply is positive in polarity;
when the duty ratio of the first control signal and the third control signal is smaller than that of the second control signal and the fourth control signal, the total output of the magnetic control power supply is negative.
9. A control method of 9Ni steel deep-arc welding, characterized in that the method is applied to the 9Ni steel deep-arc welding magnetron power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
the duty ratio of the control signal is adjusted so that the magnetic control power supply outputs exciting current with preset amplitude and preset frequency;
And under the control of the exciting current, welding the workpiece by a deep-melting arc welding gun.
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