CN117000929A - Tooth-shaped cold forming method for double-center positioning - Google Patents
Tooth-shaped cold forming method for double-center positioning Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117000929A CN117000929A CN202310771715.6A CN202310771715A CN117000929A CN 117000929 A CN117000929 A CN 117000929A CN 202310771715 A CN202310771715 A CN 202310771715A CN 117000929 A CN117000929 A CN 117000929A
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- Prior art keywords
- center
- tip
- double
- positioning
- cold
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000353097 Molva molva Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tooth form cold forming method and a tooth form cold forming device for double-center positioning, which comprise the following steps: 1) Two center holes are processed at two ends of the cold forging; 2) And fixing the cold forging by taking the two center holes as positioning references, and forming the tooth-shaped shape on the cold forging. The cold forming method for the tooth form with double center positioning of the invention firstly processes the cold forging into a center hole in advance, and then forms the tooth form shape based on the double center hole as a positioning reference. The method can well avoid the difficulty of centering the gear after cold precision forging, and the processed product only needs to directly prop against the double-center hole for subsequent processing, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency and the stability thereof and reducing the manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a double-center positioning tooth form cold forming method.
Background
The traditional machining mode of the cold precision forging tooth form is to cold precision forge the tooth form firstly, then find the reference of the reference circle of the tooth form by using a machining mode, machine out a shaft or a hole to serve as the reference of the tooth form, and then use the machining reference to machine other shapes. The greatest problem of the method is that the method has the problem of reference conversion, and the method has very high requirements on a tooth-shaped reference circle clamp and processing equipment, so that the traditional manufacturing method has the problem of high precision and high cost on the reference finding method of the cold precision forging tooth shape.
Therefore, a tooth cold forming method with double-center positioning is needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a double-center positioning tooth-shaped cold forming method.
The invention relates to a tooth form cold forming method for double-center positioning, which comprises the following steps:
1) Two center holes are processed at two ends of the cold forging;
2) And fixing the cold forging by taking the two center holes as positioning references, and forming the tooth-shaped shape on the cold forging.
Preferably, in step 2), the shape of the tooth form is formed on the cold forging without any shape other than the tooth form being involved in the forming process. The double-center tooth forming process belongs to the category of small micro deformation, so that the forming force of the tooth form is small, the elastic deformation of a die is small, and the tooth form precision of the manufactured product is higher.
Preferably, in the step 2), when the cold forging is fixed by using the two center holes as positioning references, the cold forging is fixed by using only the first center and the second center through the two center holes.
Preferably, in step 2), the cold forging is fixed by adopting a double-center mold, the double-center mold comprises a first center, the first center comprises a first center shaft and a first center sleeve, a first inner hole is formed in the middle of the first center sleeve, the first inner hole is connected with the first center shaft in a matched manner, and a tooth-shaped forming structure is arranged on the outer side of the first center sleeve.
Preferably, the double-center die further comprises a second center, the first center comprises a second center shaft and a second center sleeve, a second inner hole is formed in the middle of the second center sleeve, and the second inner hole is connected with the second center shaft in a matched mode.
Preferably, in the step 2), a double-center forging device is adopted to fix the cold forging piece, and the cold forging piece is formed into a toothed shape, wherein the double-center forging device comprises an upper pressing ring, a punch cushion block, a center supporting block, a lower rectangular spring, an upper spring positioning cushion block, an upper backing plate, a first center, an upper template, an upper ring, a lower backing plate, a second center, a lower die, a lower template, a lower ring and a lower pressing ring;
the lower template and the upper template are fixedly connected through a die carrier, and the upper template is arranged on the lower template;
a lower backing plate is arranged below the lower die plate, the lower die and a lower ring are arranged on the lower die plate, the lower ring is arranged on the outer side of the lower die, and the lower pressing ring is arranged on the lower ring and is used for fixing the lower die;
the lower die plate is provided with a first positioning hole, the center supporting block and the lower rectangular spring are arranged in the first positioning hole, one end of the lower rectangular spring is connected with the center supporting block, and the other end of the lower rectangular spring is connected with the second center;
the upper spring positioning cushion block and the upper ring are arranged below the upper template, and the upper ring is arranged on the outer side of the upper spring positioning cushion block;
a punch head cushion block is arranged below the upper spring positioning cushion block, and the punch head is arranged on the punch head cushion block; the pressing ring is arranged below the upper ring and is used for fixing the punch;
the upper rectangular spring and the first center are arranged in the second positioning hole, and the second spring is connected with the first center.
Preferably, the device further comprises a cylinder, a cylinder supporting plate and a blocking block, wherein the cylinder supporting plate is arranged on the lower die plate, the blocking block is arranged above the lower pressing ring, the cover plate is used for fixing the blocking block, the cylinder is arranged on the outer side of the blocking block, and the cylinder is fixed through the cylinder supporting plate. The structure of the part is a mechanism for assisting demoulding of the cold forging, the air cylinder pushes the material blocking block in the cold forging forming process, when the cold forging forming process is finished and the punch is pulled up, the forging can be tightly attached to the punch, and the material blocking plate arranged on the air cylinder can firmly fix the forging on the female die under the action of the cover plate. When the punch is completely separated from the forging, the cylinder is pulled out to pull the material blocking plate to separate from the flange diameter of the forging, and the forging can be separated from the die.
The beneficial effects are that: the cold forming method for the tooth form with double center positioning of the invention firstly processes the cold forging into a center hole in advance, and then forms the tooth form shape based on the double center hole as a positioning reference. The method can well avoid the difficulty of centering the gear after cold precision forging, and the processed product only needs to directly prop against the double-center hole for subsequent processing, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency and the stability thereof and reducing the manufacturing cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a double-center forging apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A of the double-center forging apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the first tip;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A of the first apex;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the second tip;
fig. 6 is a B-B cross-sectional view of the second tip.
Description of the embodiments
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples
Referring to fig. 3, the tooth form cold forming method for positioning double centers of the present invention includes the following steps:
1) Two center holes are processed at two ends of the cold forging piece;
2) And fixing the cold forging 1 by taking the two center holes as positioning references, and forming a tooth-shaped shape on the cold forging 1.
Preferably, the shape of the cold forging in step 2 is not involved in the forming process except for the shape of the tooth. The double-center tooth forming process belongs to the category of small micro deformation, so that the forming force of the tooth form is small, the elastic deformation of a die is small, and the tooth form precision of the manufactured product is higher. In the step 2, when the cold forging 1 is fixed by using the two center holes as positioning references, the cold forging 1 is fixed by using only the first center 14 and the second center 18 through the two center holes. In order to meet the requirement of self-centering of the double centers, the female die and the product are only roughly positioned and are matched with each other in a large clearance. Any die does not limit the degrees of freedom of the product before the die double-tipped is tightened. The tips always protrude out of the tooth-shaped forming area under the action of the spring, so that the double tips are ensured to be in preferential contact with the workpiece, and the double-tip contact type workpiece is more reliable.
As shown in fig. 3, 4, 5 and 6, preferably, in step 2, the cold forging is fixed by using a double-center mold, the double-center mold includes a first center 14, the first center 14 includes a first center shaft 141 and a first center sleeve 142, a first inner hole is disposed in the middle of the first center sleeve 142, the first inner hole is connected with the first center shaft 141 in a matching manner, and a tooth-shaped forming structure is disposed outside the first center sleeve 142. The double-center die further comprises a second center 18, the first center 18 comprises a second center shaft 181 and a second center sleeve 182, a second inner hole is formed in the middle of the second center sleeve 182, and the second inner hole is connected with the second center shaft 182 in a matched mode. The center split structure fully considers the manufacturing rationality, and the center and the jacket are manufactured separately. The jacket can be manufactured into tooth shapes and corresponding inner diameters by a high-precision manufacturing mode and then is matched with the center. Such a tip is not only highly accurate in positioning, but also more reliable in manufacturing.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the cold forging 5 is fixedly processed by a double-center forging device, and a tooth shape is formed on the cold forging 5, wherein the double-center forging device comprises an upper pressing ring 1, a punch 2, a punch cushion block 3, a center supporting block 4, a lower rectangular spring 7, an upper rectangular spring 8, an upper spring positioning cushion block 12, an upper cushion plate 13, a first center 14, an upper template 15, an upper ring 16, a lower cushion plate 17, a second center 18, a lower die 19, a lower template 20, a lower ring 21 and a lower pressing ring 23. The lower template 20 and the upper template 15 are fixedly connected through a die carrier, and the upper template 15 is arranged on the lower template 20. A lower backing plate 17 is arranged below the lower die plate 20, a lower die 19 and a lower ring 21 are arranged on the lower die plate 20, the lower ring 21 is arranged outside the lower die 19, and a lower pressing ring 23 is arranged on the lower ring 21 and fixes the lower die 19. The lower die plate 20 is provided with a first locating hole, the center support block 4 and the lower rectangular spring 7 are arranged in the first locating hole, one end of the lower rectangular spring 7 is connected with the center support block 4, and the other end of the lower rectangular spring 7 is connected with the second center 18.
The upper spring positioning cushion block 12 and the upper ring 16 are both arranged below the upper template 15, and the upper ring 16 is arranged outside the upper spring positioning cushion block 12. A punch head cushion block 3 is arranged below the upper spring positioning cushion block 12, and a punch head 2 is arranged on the punch head cushion block 3. The press ring 1 is disposed below the upper ring 16 and fixes the punch 2. The upper spring positioning cushion block 12 is provided with a second positioning hole, the upper rectangular spring 8 and the first center 14 are arranged in the second positioning hole, and the second spring 13 is connected with the first center 14.
Preferably, the cylinder support plate 11 is arranged on the lower die plate 20, the block 22 is arranged above the lower pressing ring 23, the block 22 is fixed by the cover plate 6, the cylinder 10 is arranged on the outer side of the block 22, and the cylinder 10 is fixed by the cylinder support plate 11.
The die just contacts the workpiece, and the double center acts on the workpiece to tightly prop up the workpiece. Correcting the position of the tooth-shaped female die under the action of the tooth-shaped upper center, preparing a tooth-shaped forming process, forming a tooth shape, and gradually retreating the tooth-shaped upper center; and (5) after the tooth profile forming is finished, lifting and demoulding the die.
The principle of the invention: the double-center positioning forging tooth form cold extrusion method avoids the problem of centering of the transmission forging gear, so that the centering of the gear after forging is simpler and the cost is lower, and the double-center forming tooth form process belongs to the category of small micro deformation, so that the forming force of the tooth form is small, the forming force is small, the elastic deformation of a die is small, and the tooth form precision of the manufactured product is higher. The length of the formed tooth shape can be long, and compared with the traditional cold extrusion process, the tooth shape bending and coning phenomenon can not occur.
The cold forming method for the tooth form with double center positioning of the invention firstly processes the cold forging into a center hole in advance, and then forms the tooth form shape based on the double center hole as a positioning reference. The method can well avoid the difficulty of centering the gear after cold precision forging, and the processed product only needs to directly prop against the double-center hole for subsequent processing, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency and the stability thereof and reducing the manufacturing cost.
Claims (7)
1. The tooth form cold forming method for double-center positioning is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Two center holes are processed at two ends of the cold forging;
2) And fixing the cold forging (1) by taking the two center holes as positioning references, and forming the tooth-shaped shape on the cold forging (1).
2. The cold forming method for a double-tip positioned tooth form according to claim 1, wherein in step 2), the shape other than the tooth form is not involved in the forming process when the shape of the tooth form is formed on the cold forging.
3. The tooth form cold forming method for double-tip positioning according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), when the cold forging (1) is fixed by using two tip holes as positioning references, the cold forging (1) is fixed by using only the first tip (14) and the second tip (18) through the two tip holes.
4. The cold forming method for tooth form of double-tip positioning according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), a double-tip mold is used for fixing the cold forging piece, the double-tip mold comprises a first tip (14), the first tip (14) comprises a first tip shaft (141) and a first tip sleeve (142), a first inner hole is arranged in the middle of the first tip sleeve (142), the first inner hole is connected with the first tip shaft (141) in a matched mode, and a tooth form forming structure is arranged on the outer side of the first tip sleeve (142).
5. The tooth cold forming method for positioning double tips according to claim 1, wherein the double tip mold further comprises a second tip (18), the first tip (18) comprises a second tip shaft (181) and a second tip sleeve (182), a second inner hole is arranged in the middle of the second tip sleeve (182), and the second inner hole is connected with the second tip shaft (182) in a matching way.
6. The cold forming method for the tooth form positioned by double centers according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, a double center forging device is adopted to fix a cold forging piece (5), the shape of the tooth form is formed on the Leng Duanjian (5), and the double center forging device comprises an upper pressing ring (1), a punch (2), a punch cushion block (3), a center supporting block (4), a lower rectangular spring (7), an upper rectangular spring (8), an upper spring positioning cushion block (12), an upper cushion plate (13), a first center (14), an upper template (15), an upper ring (16), a lower cushion plate (17), a second center (18), a lower die (19), a lower template (20), a lower ring (21) and a lower pressing ring (23);
the lower die plate (20) is fixedly connected with the upper die plate (15) through a die frame, and the upper die plate (15) is arranged on the lower die plate (20);
a lower backing plate (17) is arranged below the lower die plate (20), the lower die (19) and a lower ring (21) are arranged on the lower die plate (20), the lower ring (21) is arranged on the outer side of the lower die (19), and the lower pressing ring (23) is arranged on the lower ring (21) and is used for fixing the lower die (19);
the lower die plate (20) is provided with a first positioning hole, the center supporting block (4) and the lower rectangular spring (7) are arranged in the first positioning hole, one end of the lower rectangular spring (7) is connected with the center supporting block (4), and the other end of the lower rectangular spring (7) is connected with the second center (18);
the upper spring positioning cushion block (12) and the upper ring (16) are arranged below the upper template (15), and the upper ring (16) is arranged on the outer side of the upper spring positioning cushion block (12);
a punch head cushion block (3) is arranged below the upper spring positioning cushion block (12), and the punch head (2) is arranged on the punch head cushion block (3); the pressing ring (1) is arranged below the upper ring (16) and is used for fixing the punch (2);
the upper spring positioning cushion block (12) is provided with a second positioning hole, the upper rectangular spring (8) and the first center (14) are arranged in the second positioning hole, and the second spring (13) is connected with the first center (14).
7. The tooth form cold forming method for double-center positioning according to claim 6, further comprising a cover plate (6), a cylinder (10), a cylinder supporting plate (11) and a blocking block (22), wherein the cylinder supporting plate (11) is arranged on the lower die plate (20), the blocking block (22) is arranged above the lower pressing ring (23), the cover plate (6) fixes the blocking block (22), the cylinder (10) is arranged on the outer side of the blocking block (22), and the cylinder (10) is fixed through the cylinder supporting plate (11).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310771715.6A CN117000929A (en) | 2023-06-27 | 2023-06-27 | Tooth-shaped cold forming method for double-center positioning |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310771715.6A CN117000929A (en) | 2023-06-27 | 2023-06-27 | Tooth-shaped cold forming method for double-center positioning |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117000929A true CN117000929A (en) | 2023-11-07 |
Family
ID=88560927
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310771715.6A Pending CN117000929A (en) | 2023-06-27 | 2023-06-27 | Tooth-shaped cold forming method for double-center positioning |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117000929A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-06-27 CN CN202310771715.6A patent/CN117000929A/en active Pending
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